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<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">वायरस</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 172 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-172" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">172 भाषा सभ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(Medizin)" title="Virus (Medizin) – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Virus (Medizin)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%AB%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%A8%E1%88%B5" title="ቫይረስ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቫይረስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C4%93ofanwyrm" title="Clēofanwyrm – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Clēofanwyrm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="فيروس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيروس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%A3" title="ܒܝܪܘܣ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܝܪܘܣ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="فيروس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيروس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9B" title="ভাইৰাছ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাইৰাছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruslar" title="Viruslar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Viruslar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вирустар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Вирустар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virosos" title="Virosos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Virosos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Вірусы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вірусы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вірус – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вірус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Вируси – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вируси" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="ভাইরাস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভাইরাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B" title="ནད་དུག་ – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ནད་དུག་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruz" title="Viruz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Viruz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologija)" title="Virus (biologija) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Virus (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AAng-d%C5%ADk" title="Bêng-dŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bêng-dŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%B3" title="ڤایرۆس – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤایرۆس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirus" title="Wirus – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Wirus" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firws" title="Firws – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Firws" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaaros" title="Vaaros – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Vaaros" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viren" title="Viren – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Viren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%88%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0" title="ވައިރަސް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ވައިރަސް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ιός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – अंगरेजी" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="अंगरेजी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruso_(biologio)" title="Viruso (biologio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Viruso (biologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="नीक लेख"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viirused" title="Viirused – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Viirused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virukset" title="Virukset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Virukset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiiren" title="Wiiren – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wiiren" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firus_(biology)" title="Firus (biology) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Firus (biology)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADreas" title="Víreas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Víreas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viris" title="Viris – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Viris" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ACoras" title="Bìoras – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bìoras" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADru" title="Víru – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Víru" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%81" title="વિષાણુ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિષાણુ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veerys" title="Veerys – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Veerys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phiang-thu%CC%8Dk" title="Phiang-thu̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Phiang-thu̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A3" title="נגיף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נגיף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="विषाणु – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विषाणु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viris" title="Viris – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Viris" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus" title="Vírus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vírus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Վիրուսներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիրուսներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BA%D5%A1%D5%B0%D6%80" title="Ժահր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ժահր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Вирусаш – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Вирусаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruso" title="Viruso – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Viruso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veira" title="Veira – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Veira" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Virus (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9" title="ウイルス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウイルス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ვირუსები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვირუსები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruslar" title="Viruslar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Viruslar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%CA%8Ad%C9%94%C5%8B_s%C9%94t%CA%8A" title="Kʊdɔŋ sɔtʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kʊdɔŋ sɔtʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вирустар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Вирустар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A3%E0%B3%81" title="ವೈರಾಣು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವೈರಾಣು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="바이러스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바이러스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%AErus" title="Vîrus – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Vîrus" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_biologicum" title="Virus biologicum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Virus biologicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vayiraasi" title="Vayiraasi – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Vayiraasi" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusse" title="Virusse – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Virusse" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biolojia)" title="Virus (biolojia) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Virus (biolojia)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vil%C3%BAsu" title="Vilúsu – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Vilúsu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%8B%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%A7%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B1%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%AA" title="ໄວຣັສ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໄວຣັສ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusas" title="Virusas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Virusas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%ABruss" title="Vīruss – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vīruss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virosy" title="Virosy – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Virosy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="വൈറസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൈറസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA" title="ဝဳရုသ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဝဳရုသ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82" title="विषाणू – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विषाणू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ဗိုင်းရပ်စ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗိုင်းရပ်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%88%D1%82" title="Кезовкшт – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кезовкшт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viren" title="Viren – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Viren" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="विषाणु – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विषाणु" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="भाइरस – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भाइरस" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologie)" title="Virus (biologie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Virus (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaayirasii" title="Vaayirasii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Vaayirasii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AD%E0%AD%82%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%81" title="ଭୂତାଣୁ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଭୂତାଣୁ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82" title="ਵਿਸ਼ਾਣੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਸ਼ਾਣੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirusy" title="Wirusy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wirusy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="وائرس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وائرس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ویروس – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ویروس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus" title="Vírus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vírus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B1aw" title="Añaw – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Añaw" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Вирусы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вирусы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вірус – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Вірус" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologia)" title="Virus (biologia) – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Virus (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biolugg%C3%ACa)" title="Virus (bioluggìa) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Virus (bioluggìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="وائرس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وائرس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(biologija)" title="Virus (biologija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Virus (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9B%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83" title="වෛරස – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වෛරස" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADrus" title="Vírus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vírus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fayrus" title="Fayrus – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Fayrus" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virusi" title="Virusi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Virusi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF" title="தீநுண்மி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீநுண்மி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ವೈರಸ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ವೈರಸ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="వైరస్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వైరస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вирусҳо – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Вирусҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ไวรัส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไวรัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%BCs" title="Virüs – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Virüs" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Вируслар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Вируслар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вирус – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Вирус" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D9%89%D8%B1%DB%87%D8%B3" title="ۋىرۇس – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋىرۇس" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Вірус – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вірус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="وائرس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وائرس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viruslar" title="Viruslar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Viruslar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_(bio%C5%82ozia)" title="Virus (biołozia) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Virus (biołozia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="बीछल लेख"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus" title="Virus – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Virus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vir%C3%BBsse" title="Virûsse – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Virûsse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birus" title="Birus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Birus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ვირუსეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვირუსეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1" title="ווירוס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ווירוס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88r%C3%A0n" title="Èràn – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èràn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binghdoeg" title="Binghdoeg – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Binghdoeg" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="नीक लेख"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%93%E2%81%BF-to%CC%8Dk" title="Pēⁿ-to̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pēⁿ-to̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="病毒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGciwanyane" title="IGciwanyane – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGciwanyane" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q808#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="अंतरविकि कड़ी संपादित करीं" class="wbc-editpage">कड़ी संपादित करीं</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="नाँवस्थान"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">विकिपीडिया से</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bho" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)">Virus </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""Rotavirus"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg/220px-Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg/330px-Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg/440px-Rotavirus_Reconstruction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1986" data-file-height="1739" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="रोटावायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">रोटावायरस</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="वायरस बर्गीकरण (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">वायरस बर्गीकरण</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F:Taxonomy/Virus" title="e"><img alt="e" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Red_Pencil_Icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>(बिना रैंक कइल):</td> <td><b>वायरस</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)">बर्गीकरण </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><a href="#बर्गीकरण">लेख के पाठ देखल जाय</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>वायरस</b> चाहे <b>वाइरस</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80" title="अंग्रेजी">अंग्रेजी</a>: <span lang="en">Virus</span>) बहुत सूछ्म आकार के <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="रोगकारी">रोगकारी</a> होलें जे <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="रोगकारी">इन्फेक्शन</a> करे लें आ कौनों जिंदा <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="जीवधारी (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">जीवधारी</a> के <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कोशिका (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">कोशिका</a> (सेल) में आपन संख्या बढ़ावे लें। वायरस सभ कौनो भी किसिम के जीवधारी के शरीर में प्रवेश क के इन्फेक्शन क सके लें, एह में जानवर आ पेड़-पौधा से ले के सूछ्मजीव सभ जइसे कि <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="बैक्टीरिया (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">बैक्टीरिया</a> आ आर्काइया भी शामिल बाड़ें जे इनहना से परभावित हो सके लें।<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16984643_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16984643-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>जब दमित्री इवानोव्सकी के 1892 के लेख में बैक्टीरिया के अलावा दुसरे किसिम के <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="रोगकारी">रोगकारी</a> के बारे में छपल जवना से तमाकू के पौधा परभावित होखे आ एकरे बाद मार्टिनस बेइजरिंक 1898 में टोबैको मोजैक वायरस के पहिचान कइलें<sup id="cite_ref-Dimmock_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dimmock-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> तबसे ले के अबतक ले 5,000 से बेसी <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="वायरस प्रजाति (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">वायरस प्रजाति</a> सभ के बिस्तृत बिबरन दिहल जा चुकल बाटे,<sup id="cite_ref-Dimmock_p._49_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dimmock_p._49-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> जबकि पर्यावरण में कई लाख किसिम के वायरस मौजूद बाड़ें।<sup id="cite_ref-Breitbart_M,_Rohwer_F_2005_278–84_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breitbart_M,_Rohwer_F_2005_278–84-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> वायरस पृथ्वी के लगभग हर किसिम के <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AE" title="इकोसिस्टम">इकोसिस्टम</a> में पावल जालें आ ई जीव जगत के सदस्य सभ में सभसे बेसी के संख्या वाला प्रकार हवे।<sup id="cite_ref-Lawrence_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lawrence-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> वायरस के अध्ययन करे वाली शाखा के वाइरोलॉजी भा वायरोलॉजी कहल जाला जे माइकोबायोलॉजी (सूछ्मजीवबिज्ञान) के उपशाखा हवे। </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="बर्गीकरण"><span id=".E0.A4.AC.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.97.E0.A5.80.E0.A4.95.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.A3"></span>बर्गीकरण</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="बर्गीकरण खंड के संपादित करीं"><span>संपादन करीं</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable relarticle mainarticle">मुख्य लेख: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="वायरस बर्गीकरण (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">वायरस बर्गीकरण</a></div> <p>Classification seeks to describe the diversity of viruses by naming and grouping them on the basis of similarities. In 1962, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Lwoff (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">André Lwoff</a>, Robert Horne, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Tournier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Tournier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Paul Tournier</a> were the first to develop a means of virus classification, based on the <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="कार्ल लिंनायस">Linnaean</a> hierarchical system.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid14467544_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid14467544-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This system based classification on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phylum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phylum (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">phylum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Class_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Class (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">class</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">order</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Family_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Family (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">family</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Genus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genus (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">genus</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Species&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Species (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">species</a>. Viruses were grouped according to their shared properties (not those of their hosts) and the type of nucleic acid forming their genomes.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid13931895_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid13931895-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1966, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_on_Taxonomy_of_Viruses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses</a> (ICTV) was formed. The system proposed by Lwoff, Horne and Tournier was never fully accepted by the ICTV because small genome size viruses and their high rate of mutation makes it difficult to determine their ancestry beyond order. As such, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baltimore_classification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baltimore classification (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Baltimore classification</a> is used to supplement the more traditional hierarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16105179_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16105179-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ICTV_classification">ICTV classification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="ICTV classification खंड के संपादित करीं"><span>संपादन करीं</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_on_Taxonomy_of_Viruses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses</a> (ICTV) developed the current classification system and wrote guidelines that put a greater weight on certain virus properties to maintain family uniformity. A unified taxonomy (a universal system for classifying viruses) has been established. Only a small part of the total diversity of viruses has been studied.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The general taxonomic structure of taxon ranges actually used (as of November 2018) is as follows: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phylum_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phylum (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Phylum</a> (<i>-viricota</i>) <dl><dd>Subphylum (<i>-viricotina</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Class_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Class (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Class</a> (<i>-viricetes</i>) <dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Order_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Order (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Order</a> (<i>-virales</i>) <dl><dd>Suborder (<i>-virineae</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Family_(biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Family (biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Family</a> (<i>-viridae</i>) <dl><dd>Subfamily (<i>-virinae</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genus (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Genus</a> (<i>-virus</i>) <dl><dd>Subgenus (<i>-virus</i>) <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Species&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Species (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Species</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>As of 2018, <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Virus_Orders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Virus Orders (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">14 orders</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_virus_families_and_subfamilies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of virus families and subfamilies (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">143 families, 64 subfamilies</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_genera_of_viruses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of genera of viruses (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">846 genera</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_virus_species&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of virus species (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">4,958 species</a> of viruses have been defined by the ICTV.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The orders are the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caudovirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caudovirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Caudovirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herpesvirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herpesvirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Herpesvirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ligamenvirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ligamenvirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Ligamenvirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mononegavirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mononegavirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Mononegavirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nidovirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nidovirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Nidovirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortervirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ortervirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Ortervirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Picornavirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Picornavirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunyavirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunyavirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Bunyavirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tymovirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tymovirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Tymovirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muvirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muvirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Muvirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serpentovirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serpentovirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Serpentovirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jingchuvirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jingchuvirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Jingchuvirales</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goujianvirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goujianvirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Goujianvirales</a></i>, and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Articulavirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Articulavirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Articulavirales</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baltimore_classification">Baltimore classification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=3" title="Baltimore classification खंड के संपादित करीं"><span>संपादन करीं</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A diagram showing how the Baltimore Classification is based on a virus's DNA or RNA and method of mRNA synthesis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg/350px-VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg/525px-VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg/700px-VirusBaltimoreClassification.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="387" /></a><figcaption>The Baltimore Classification of viruses is based on the method of viral <a href="/w/index.php?title=MRNA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MRNA (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">mRNA</a> synthesis</figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable relarticle mainarticle">मुख्य लेख: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baltimore_classification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baltimore classification (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Baltimore classification</a></div> <p>The Nobel Prize-winning biologist <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Baltimore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Baltimore (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">David Baltimore</a> devised the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virus_classification&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virus classification (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Baltimore classification</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid4348509_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid4348509-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid4377923_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid4377923-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ICTV classification system is used in conjunction with the Baltimore classification system in modern virus classification.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15078590_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15078590-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid10486120_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10486120-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid15183049_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15183049-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Baltimore classification of viruses is based on the mechanism of <a href="/w/index.php?title=MRNA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MRNA (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">mRNA</a> production. Viruses must generate mRNAs from their genomes to produce proteins and replicate themselves, but different mechanisms are used to achieve this in each virus family. Viral genomes may be single-stranded (ss) or double-stranded (ds), RNA or DNA, and may or may not use <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reverse_transcriptase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reverse transcriptase (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">reverse transcriptase</a> (RT). In addition, ssRNA viruses may be either <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sense_(molecular_biology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sense (molecular biology) (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">sense</a> (+) or antisense (−). This classification places viruses into seven groups: </p> <ul><li>I: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="डीएसडीएनए वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">डीएसडीएनए वायरस</a></b> (dsDNA viruses; जइसे की: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="अडेनोवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">अडेनोवायरस</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="हर्पीजवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">हर्पीजवायरस</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पॉक्सवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">पॉक्सवायरस</a>)</li> <li>II: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="एसएसडीएनए वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">एसएसडीएनए वायरस</a></b> (ssDNA viruses; + strand चाहे "sense" से) DNA (जइसे की: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पैरोवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">पैरोवायरस</a>)</li> <li>III: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="डीएसआरएनए वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">डीएसआरएनए वायरस</a></b> (dsRNA viruses; जइसे की: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="रियोवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">रियोवायरस</a>)</li> <li>IV: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पाजिटिव-सेंस एसएसआरएनए वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">(+)एसएसआरएनए वायरस</a></b> ((+)ssRNA viruses; + strand चाहे sense) RNA (जइसे की: <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="कोरोना वायरस">कोरोना वायरस</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पाइकोरोनावायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">पाइकोरोनावायरस</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="टोगावायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">टोगावायरस</a>)</li> <li>V: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="निगेटिव-सेंस एसएसआरएनए वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">(−)एसएसआरएनए वायरस</a></b> ((-)ssRNA viruses; − strand or antisense) RNA (जइसे की: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="आर्थोमायक्सोवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">आर्थोमायक्सोवायरस</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="राब्डोवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">राब्डोवायरस</a>)</li> <li>VI: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="एसएसडीएनए-आरटी वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">एसएसडीएनए-आरटी वायरस</a></b> (ssRNA-RT viruses; + strand or sense) RNA आ साथ में जीवन चक्र में DNA इंटरमीडिएट (जइसे की: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="रेट्रोवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">रेट्रोवायरस</a>)</li> <li>VII: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="डीएसडीएनए-आरटी वायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">डीएसडीएनए-आरटी वायरस</a></b> (dsDNA-RT viruses; DNA आ साथ में जीवन चक्र में RNA इंटरमीडिएट (जइसे की: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="हेपाडीएनएवायरस (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">हेपाडीएनएवायरस</a>)</li></ul> <p><br /> As an example of viral classification, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chicken_pox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chicken pox (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">chicken pox</a> virus, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Varicella_zoster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Varicella zoster (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">varicella zoster</a> (VZV), belongs to the order <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herpesvirales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herpesvirales (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Herpesvirales</a></i>, family <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herpesviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herpesviridae (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Herpesviridae</a></i>, subfamily <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alphaherpesvirinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alphaherpesvirinae (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Alphaherpesvirinae</a></i>, and genus <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Varicellovirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Varicellovirus (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">Varicellovirus</a></i>. VZV is in Group I of the Baltimore Classification because it is a dsDNA virus that does not use reverse transcriptase. </p><p>The complete set of viruses in an organism or habitat is called the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virome (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">virome</a>; for example, all human viruses constitute the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_virome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human virome (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">human virome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid27698618_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid27698618-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="संदर्भ"><span id=".E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.82.E0.A4.A6.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AD"></span>संदर्भ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=4" title="संदर्भ खंड के संपादित करीं"><span>संपादन करीं</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r750784">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pmid16984643-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16984643_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">Koonin EV, Senkevich TG, Dolja VV.  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1594570/">The ancient Virus World and evolution of cells</a>. <i>Biology Direct</i>. 2006;1:29. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1745-6150-1-29">10.1186/1745-6150-1-29</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16984643">16984643</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dimmock-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Dimmock_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dimmock p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dimmock_p._49-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Dimmock_p._49_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dimmock p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Breitbart_M,_Rohwer_F_2005_278–84-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Breitbart_M,_Rohwer_F_2005_278–84_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">Breitbart M.  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Viral metagenomics. <i>Reviews in Medical Virology</i>. 2007;17(2):115–31. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Frmv.532">10.1002/rmv.532</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17295196">17295196</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">ICTV Virus Taxonomy <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/p/taxonomy_releases">ICTV Virus Taxonomy Release History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200502165101/https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/p/taxonomy_releases">Archived</a> 2020-05-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/">Taxonomy</a> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200320103754/https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy">archived</a> 20 March 2020; Retrieved 5 March 2020]. en.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid4348509-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid4348509_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="bho" dir="ltr">उद्धरण खराबी:Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; no text was provided for refs named <code>pmid4348509</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-pmid4377923-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid4377923_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">Baltimore D.  The strategy of RNA viruses. <i>Harvey Lectures</i>. 1974;70 Series:57–74. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4377923">4377923</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15078590-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15078590_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">van Regenmortel MH, Mahy BW.  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3322749/">Emerging issues in virus taxonomy</a>. <i>Emerging Infectious Diseases</i>. 2004;10(1):8–13. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3201%2Feid1001.030279">10.3201/eid1001.030279</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15078590">15078590</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid10486120-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid10486120_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">Mayo MA.  Developments in plant virus taxonomy since the publication of the 6th ICTV Report. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. <i>Archives of Virology</i>. 1999;144(8):1659–66. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs007050050620">10.1007/s007050050620</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10486120">10486120</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15183049-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15183049_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">de Villiers EM, Fauquet C, Broker TR, Bernard HU, zur Hausen H.  Classification of papillomaviruses. <i>Virology</i>. 2004;324(1):17–27. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.virol.2004.03.033">10.1016/j.virol.2004.03.033</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15183049">15183049</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid27698618-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid27698618_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5045143/">An Ecological Framework of the Human Virome Provides Classification of Current Knowledge and Identifies Areas of Forthcoming Discovery</a>. <i>The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine</i>. 2016;89(3):339–51. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Identifier (पन्ना मौजूद नइखे)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27698618">27698618</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="स्रोत_ग्रंथ"><span id=".E0.A4.B8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8B.E0.A4.A4_.E0.A4.97.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.82.E0.A4.A5"></span>स्रोत ग्रंथ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit&section=5" title="स्रोत ग्रंथ खंड के संपादित करीं"><span>संपादन करीं</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="refbegin references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Collier, Leslie; Balows, Albert; Sussman, Max (1998) <i>Topley and Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections</i> ninth edition, Volume 1, <i>Virology</i>, volume editors: Mahy, Brian and Collier, Leslie. Arnold. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:BookSources/0-340-66316-2" title="विशेष:BookSources/0-340-66316-2">0-340-66316-2</a>.</li> <li>Dimmock, N.J; Easton, Andrew J; Leppard, Keith (2007) <i>Introduction to Modern Virology</i> sixth edition, Blackwell Publishing, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:BookSources/1-4051-3645-6" title="विशेष:BookSources/1-4051-3645-6">1-4051-3645-6</a>.</li> <li>Knipe, David M; Howley, Peter M; Griffin, Diane E; Lamb, Robert A; Martin, Malcolm A; Roizman, Bernard; Straus Stephen E. (2007) <i>Fields Virology</i>, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:BookSources/0-7817-6060-7" title="विशेष:BookSources/0-7817-6060-7">0-7817-6060-7</a>.</li> <li>Shors, Teri (2008). <i>Understanding Viruses</i>. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:BookSources/0-7637-2932-9" title="विशेष:BookSources/0-7637-2932-9">0-7637-2932-9</a>.</li></ul> </div> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg/30px-Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg" decoding="async" width="30" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg/45px-Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg/60px-Blue_morpho_butterfly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="807" data-file-height="730" /></a></span></td><td><i>ई <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="जीव बिज्ञान">जीव बिज्ञान</a> से संबंधित लेख एगो <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="विकिपीडिया:आधार">आधार</a> बाटे। जानकारी जोड़ के एकरा के <a class="external text" href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8&action=edit">बढ़ावे में</a> विकिपीडिया के मदद करीं।</i></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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