CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Egyptian History Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="+GkF/uRkw7Io1SXkzN6D9vtPHbBgtgynByteUDj9Lbnbh3MaLdMeU3Ng79GUBBklQfkCkqpiqahSE7h+ct8nOA==" /> <link href="/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostDownloaded?after=1518%2C12902066" rel="next" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Egyptian History Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '3fc4601e7ca7f3c56efd437e416c7062ddea86d9'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15263,"monthly_visitors":"121 million","monthly_visitor_count":121336065,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":121,"user_count":278789956,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1734232251000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1734232251000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-0fb6fc03c471832908791ad7ddba619b6165b3ccf7ae0f65cf933f34b0b660a7.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-ef8bdd9e6fe14f709ac2c17454275b572f42cadc208750aa782d6f17d9a3fc6e.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-dfda5927ae1ee89f8950b2f04db8d76f24f5e9fb4811e0663938ed174af2ce52.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Egyptian History</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">16,140 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Most downloaded papers in <b>Egyptian History</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Egyptian_History">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14406398" data-work_id="14406398" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14406398/The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_2015_">The Burial of Nefertiti? (2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Note that this paper is to be read in conjunction with THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) (2019)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14406398" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Note that this paper is to be read in conjunction with THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) (2019) (<a href="https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_</a>) and THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62): SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? III) (2020)(<a href="https://www.academia.edu/44309046/The_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_Supplementary_Notes_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_III_2020_" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/44309046/The_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_Supplementary_Notes_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_III_2020_</a>). THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? ANIMATIONS may be accessed separately at <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLD-SFAqqGpS603n_o7CORky6pUvB061X5" rel="nofollow">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLD-SFAqqGpS603n_o7CORky6pUvB061X5</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14406398" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ba7704ac2821e9346a110b48f11c8e9c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38297194,"asset_id":14406398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38297194/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1939453" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5">Nicholas Reeves</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1939453" type="text/json">{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14406398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14406398"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14406398, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14406398", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14406398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14406398; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_14406398"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14406398 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14406398"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14406398; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14406398]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14406398").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14406398").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14406398"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">27</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14406398]'), work: {"id":14406398,"title":"The Burial of Nefertiti? (2015)","created_at":"2015-07-26T08:51:01.670-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14406398/The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_2015_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_14406398","summary":"Note that this paper is to be read in conjunction with THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) (2019) (https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_) and THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62): SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? III) (2020)(https://www.academia.edu/44309046/The_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_Supplementary_Notes_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_III_2020_). THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? ANIMATIONS may be accessed separately at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLD-SFAqqGpS603n_o7CORky6pUvB061X5\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38297194,"asset_id":14406398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32971,"name":"Amarna Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":59329,"name":"The Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Amarna_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":74949,"name":"Amarna Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":193365,"name":"Tutankhamun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tutankhamun?f_ri=9943"},{"id":242436,"name":"Amarna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna?f_ri=9943"},{"id":242440,"name":"Tutankhamen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tutankhamen?f_ri=9943"},{"id":280559,"name":"Amarna Period - Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Period_-_Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":345019,"name":"Valley of the Kings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Valley_of_the_Kings?f_ri=9943"},{"id":360291,"name":"Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":411650,"name":"Amarna Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Art?f_ri=9943"},{"id":450214,"name":"Nefertiti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nefertiti?f_ri=9943"},{"id":463567,"name":"Royal tombs - Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Royal_tombs_-_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":779282,"name":"Tell El-Amarna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tell_El-Amarna?f_ri=9943"},{"id":887418,"name":"Post - Amarna period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_-_Amarna_period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":887450,"name":"Exploration In the Valley of the Kings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploration_In_the_Valley_of_the_Kings?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35446394" data-work_id="35446394" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35446394/From_Jihad_to_Salam_in_Pursuit_of_Political_Change_A_Perspective_based_on_Qur%C4%81nic_Sources">From Jihad to Salam in Pursuit of Political Change: A Perspective based on Qur'ānic Sources</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The political reality of many countries in the Muslim World is untenable and reforms and change is absolutely necessary. This article argues that use of force and violence for political change is making things worse as one can witness in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35446394" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The political reality of many countries in the Muslim World is untenable and reforms and change is absolutely necessary. This article argues that use of force and violence for political change is making things worse as one can witness in Syria and Iraq. The article advances a Qur'ānic perspective on the desirability of peace as a goal and peaceful means as instruments of change. The article acknowledges that the Qur'ānic sanction for use of force to defend religious freedom prcludes the advocacy of pacifism but nevertheless the article does make a strong case for privileging peace over use of force.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35446394" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b30b989e1b5a874c51e8eb754212619a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55658232,"asset_id":35446394,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55658232/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3388" href="https://udel.academia.edu/MuqtedarKhan">Muqtedar Khan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3388" type="text/json">{"id":3388,"first_name":"Muqtedar","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"udel","page_name":"MuqtedarKhan","display_name":"Muqtedar Khan","profile_url":"https://udel.academia.edu/MuqtedarKhan?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3388/1418/93215313/s65_muqtedar.khan.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35446394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35446394"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35446394, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35446394", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35446394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35446394; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35446394"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35446394 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35446394"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35446394; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35446394]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35446394").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35446394").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35446394"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">227</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory">Critical Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8" type="text/json">{"id":8,"name":"Critical Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religious_Movements">New Religious Movements</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="120" type="text/json">{"id":120,"name":"New Religious Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religious_Movements?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="122" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Religion">Comparative Religion</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="122" type="text/json">{"id":122,"name":"Comparative Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35446394]'), work: {"id":35446394,"title":"From Jihad to Salam in Pursuit of Political Change: A Perspective based on Qur'ānic Sources","created_at":"2017-12-16T12:50:28.113-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35446394/From_Jihad_to_Salam_in_Pursuit_of_Political_Change_A_Perspective_based_on_Qur%C4%81nic_Sources?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_35446394","summary":"The political reality of many countries in the Muslim World is untenable and reforms and change is absolutely necessary. This article argues that use of force and violence for political change is making things worse as one can witness in Syria and Iraq. The article advances a Qur'ānic perspective on the desirability of peace as a goal and peaceful means as instruments of change. The article acknowledges that the Qur'ānic sanction for use of force to defend religious freedom prcludes the advocacy of pacifism but nevertheless the article does make a strong case for privileging peace over use of force.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55658232,"asset_id":35446394,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3388,"first_name":"Muqtedar","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"udel","page_name":"MuqtedarKhan","display_name":"Muqtedar Khan","profile_url":"https://udel.academia.edu/MuqtedarKhan?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3388/1418/93215313/s65_muqtedar.khan.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8,"name":"Critical Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":120,"name":"New Religious Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religious_Movements?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":122,"name":"Comparative Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":208,"name":"Social Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Movements?f_ri=9943"},{"id":209,"name":"Social Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":211,"name":"Sociology of Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Culture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":268,"name":"Political Geography and Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Geography_and_Geopolitics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence?f_ri=9943"},{"id":635,"name":"Psychiatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychiatry?f_ri=9943"},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":736,"name":"Islamic Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":796,"name":"Comparative Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":821,"name":"Philosophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":941,"name":"Social Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":957,"name":"Cultural Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Sociology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":994,"name":"Journalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1166,"name":"International Relations Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1192,"name":"Feminist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminist_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1198,"name":"Peace and Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1230,"name":"Social Research Methods and Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Research_Methods_and_Methodology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1233,"name":"Social Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1483,"name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_Analysis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1660,"name":"Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1720,"name":"International Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1911,"name":"International Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2397,"name":"Religious Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2553,"name":"Social Networking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networking?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2561,"name":"Systematic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2562,"name":"Philosophical Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophical_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2860,"name":"Postcolonial Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postcolonial_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2965,"name":"Sociology of Crime and Deviance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Crime_and_Deviance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2990,"name":"Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geopolitics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2993,"name":"Sociology of Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Knowledge?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3059,"name":"Religion and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3705,"name":"International Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Security?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3742,"name":"Public Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Diplomacy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3872,"name":"War Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/War_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4195,"name":"Cultural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4565,"name":"Law and Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4691,"name":"Psychology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4707,"name":"Indonesian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indonesian_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4979,"name":"Islamic Contemporary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Contemporary_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4986,"name":"Public Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5214,"name":"Cold War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_War?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5218,"name":"Iranian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5247,"name":"Critical Race Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Race_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5272,"name":"Identity (Culture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_Culture_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5323,"name":"Islam and Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_and_Human_Rights?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5675,"name":"Kalam (Islamic Theology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kalam_Islamic_Theology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5686,"name":"Political Violence and Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Violence_and_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5792,"name":"Social Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Justice?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5847,"name":"Political Extremism/Radicalism/Populism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Extremism_Radicalism_Populism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6037,"name":"Just War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Just_War?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6394,"name":"Religious Pluralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Pluralism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6417,"name":"Diplomatic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diplomatic_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6544,"name":"Islamic Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6546,"name":"Islamic Education \u0026 Islamic Schooling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Education_and_Islamic_Schooling?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6739,"name":"Medieval Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7361,"name":"Pakistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7368,"name":"Science and Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_and_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7369,"name":"Political communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_communication?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7520,"name":"Popular Culture and Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture_and_Religious_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7983,"name":"Quranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Studies-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8284,"name":"History of Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8697,"name":"European Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Foreign_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8700,"name":"Turkish and Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8783,"name":"Indonesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indonesia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9405,"name":"Post-Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Colonialism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9450,"name":"Radicalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radicalization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9569,"name":"Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9707,"name":"Diplomacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diplomacy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10099,"name":"History of Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10314,"name":"Social Movements (Political Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Movements_Political_Science_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10344,"name":"International Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10409,"name":"Theology and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology_and_Culture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10421,"name":"Peace Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Movements?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10444,"name":"Postmodernism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postmodernism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10695,"name":"Catholic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11152,"name":"Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sufism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11203,"name":"International Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Migration?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11336,"name":"Cyber Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12973,"name":"Just War Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Just_War_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13078,"name":"Peacekeeping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peacekeeping?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13099,"name":"Islam in the Southeast Asia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_the_Southeast_Asia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13995,"name":"Postcolonial Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postcolonial_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14104,"name":"Political Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14705,"name":"Islamic Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Psychology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14970,"name":"Muslims in Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslims_in_Europe?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14974,"name":"Islam in Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_Turkey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16171,"name":"Islamic Political Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Political_Thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16472,"name":"Transnational migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transnational_migration?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17240,"name":"Contemporary Sufism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Sufism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17717,"name":"Turkish Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_Foreign_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18373,"name":"Moral Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18623,"name":"Middle East Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19675,"name":"Modern Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Turkey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20520,"name":"Peace \u0026 Conflict Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Studies-3?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20634,"name":"Muslim-Christian Relation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim-Christian_Relation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21923,"name":"Islamic Banking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Banking?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21928,"name":"Islamic Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23342,"name":"Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23930,"name":"Taliban","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taliban?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24048,"name":"Peace Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25118,"name":"Medieval Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Islamic_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25329,"name":"Islamic Economics and Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics_and_Finance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25411,"name":"Peace Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26291,"name":"Postmodern Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Postmodern_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26669,"name":"Counter terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Counter_terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27137,"name":"European Union Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28723,"name":"Turkey in World Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkey_in_World_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28981,"name":"Ethnic Conflict and Civil War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Conflict_and_Civil_War?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29195,"name":"Use of Force \u0026 Counter-terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Use_of_Force_and_Counter-terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29841,"name":"Public Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_Analysis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30456,"name":"War on Terror","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/War_on_Terror?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30552,"name":"Islamic Thought \u0026 Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Thought_and_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30600,"name":"Islamic Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Jurisprudence?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33180,"name":"Political Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33711,"name":"Islamic Banking And Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Banking_And_Finance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34275,"name":"Just war theory (Philosophy)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Just_war_theory_Philosophy_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34292,"name":"Poststructuralist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poststructuralist_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36182,"name":"Inter-faith dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inter-faith_dialogue?f_ri=9943"},{"id":37193,"name":"Islam in Indonesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_Indonesia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":37309,"name":"Turkish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":40114,"name":"Muslim Brotherhood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Brotherhood?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41592,"name":"Turkish politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_politics-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41658,"name":"Foreign Policy of Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_of_Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":43965,"name":"Malaysian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaysian_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45325,"name":"Afghanistan Society and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afghanistan_Society_and_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45559,"name":"Peace","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45578,"name":"Peacebuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peacebuilding?f_ri=9943"},{"id":47698,"name":"Quranic Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_Exegesis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":47768,"name":"Malaysian Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaysian_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48150,"name":"Pakistan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50003,"name":"Indonesian Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indonesian_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51278,"name":"Maqasid al-Sharia (Purposes of Islamic Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maqasid_al-Sharia_Purposes_of_Islamic_Law_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52234,"name":"Peace and Conflict Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflict_Resolution?f_ri=9943"},{"id":55660,"name":"Quranic linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_linguistics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":57332,"name":"Indian Muslims","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_Muslims?f_ri=9943"},{"id":59854,"name":"Islamic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":61737,"name":"Malaysia History and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malaysia_History_and_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":66015,"name":"Shariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shariah?f_ri=9943"},{"id":66440,"name":"Scripture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scripture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":75000,"name":"Philosophy and Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_and_Religious_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":76465,"name":"Faith and Reason","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Faith_and_Reason?f_ri=9943"},{"id":80195,"name":"Salafi-jihadist groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salafi-jihadist_groups?f_ri=9943"},{"id":83779,"name":"Rules of War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rules_of_War?f_ri=9943"},{"id":88513,"name":"Salafism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salafism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":89401,"name":"Jihad, War, and Peace in Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jihad_War_and_Peace_in_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":92542,"name":"Terrorism and Counter-terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism_and_Counter-terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":95854,"name":"Critical Terrorism Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Terrorism_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":106348,"name":"Quranic and Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quranic_and_Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":120972,"name":"Muslims","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslims?f_ri=9943"},{"id":124826,"name":"Journalism And Mass communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism_And_Mass_communication?f_ri=9943"},{"id":125423,"name":"Jihadism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jihadism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":127680,"name":"Fatwa and Islamic Shariah Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatwa_and_Islamic_Shariah_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":146319,"name":"Just War Tradition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Just_War_Tradition?f_ri=9943"},{"id":169060,"name":"Salafi-Jihadi Ideology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salafi-Jihadi_Ideology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":198844,"name":"Security and Peace Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_and_Peace_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":200882,"name":"Islamic (Sunni) extremism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Sunni_extremism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":252364,"name":"Contemporary Salafism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Salafism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":257285,"name":"Social and political science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_political_science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":279605,"name":"United Nations Peacekeeping Operations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_Nations_Peacekeeping_Operations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":351170,"name":"Hukum Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hukum_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":427387,"name":"Global Jihad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Jihad?f_ri=9943"},{"id":469642,"name":"Jihadism and Radical Islamism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jihadism_and_Radical_Islamism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":494566,"name":"Pakistan drone attacks policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan_drone_attacks_policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":507912,"name":"Islam Salafism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_Salafism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":515926,"name":"Quran Hadith and Modern Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_Hadith_and_Modern_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":534284,"name":"Jihadist Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jihadist_Networks?f_ri=9943"},{"id":567546,"name":"Shia studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shia_studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":571509,"name":"Arabic and Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_and_Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":609104,"name":"Peace and Conflicts Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Conflicts_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":619396,"name":"Anthropology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":734186,"name":"Islamism \u0026 Post-Islamism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamism_and_Post-Islamism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":758870,"name":"Inter-faith Contact and Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inter-faith_Contact_and_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":761870,"name":"Terrorism and Counterterrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism_and_Counterterrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":863213,"name":"Radicalization and Extremism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radicalization_and_Extremism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":870953,"name":"Jihadi Salafism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jihadi_Salafism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":970923,"name":"Peace and Security In Fragile States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peace_and_Security_In_Fragile_States?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1002996,"name":"The Quran and Violent Jihad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Quran_and_Violent_Jihad?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1197942,"name":"Social Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223687,"name":"Quran and Tafsir Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quran_and_Tafsir_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223709,"name":"Islamic law and jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_law_and_jurisprudence-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223710,"name":"Muslim philosophy and thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_philosophy_and_thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223711,"name":"Contemporary Muslim society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Muslim_society?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1231865,"name":"Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1347862,"name":"Islamic Vs. Western Perspective of Just War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Vs._Western_Perspective_of_Just_War?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1702064,"name":"CVE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CVE?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2836825,"name":"CVE in Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CVE_in_Europe?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2167617" data-work_id="2167617" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2167617/_Building_the_Pharaonic_state_Territory_elite_and_power_in_ancient_Egypt_during_the_3rd_millennium_BCE_In_J_A_Hill_Ph_H_Jones_A_J_Morales_eds_Experiencing_Power_Generating_Authority_Cosmos_and_Politics_in_Ancient_Egypt_and_Mesopotamia_Philadelphia_2013_p_185_217">"Building the Pharaonic state: Territory, elite, and power in ancient Egypt during the 3rd millennium BCE". In: J. A. Hill, Ph. H. Jones, A. J. Morales (eds.), Experiencing Power—Generating Authority : Cosmos and Politics in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, Philadelphia, 2013, p. 185-217.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2167617" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b808e05e0d617a7484a247e03d8c72db" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57634351,"asset_id":2167617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57634351/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2167617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2167617"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2167617, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2167617", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2167617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2167617; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2167617"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2167617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2167617"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2167617; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2167617]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2167617").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2167617").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2167617"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2167617]'), work: {"id":2167617,"title":"\"Building the Pharaonic state: Territory, elite, and power in ancient Egypt during the 3rd millennium BCE\". In: J. A. Hill, Ph. H. Jones, A. J. Morales (eds.), Experiencing Power—Generating Authority : Cosmos and Politics in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, Philadelphia, 2013, p. 185-217.","created_at":"2012-11-20T07:46:53.774-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2167617/_Building_the_Pharaonic_state_Territory_elite_and_power_in_ancient_Egypt_during_the_3rd_millennium_BCE_In_J_A_Hill_Ph_H_Jones_A_J_Morales_eds_Experiencing_Power_Generating_Authority_Cosmos_and_Politics_in_Ancient_Egypt_and_Mesopotamia_Philadelphia_2013_p_185_217?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_2167617","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57634351,"asset_id":2167617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8324,"name":"Ancient economies (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economies_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24103,"name":"Anthropology of the State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_the_State?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49014,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":84358,"name":"Ancient Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Urbanism?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4595129" data-work_id="4595129" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4595129/Seagoing_Ships_and_Seamanship_in_the_Bronze_Age_Levant">Seagoing Ships and Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4595129" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="134ffcacb4631f3cfb0c4e5aa3ca4c54" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40376490,"asset_id":4595129,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40376490/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5772979" href="https://tamu.academia.edu/ShelleyWachsmann">Shelley Wachsmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5772979" type="text/json">{"id":5772979,"first_name":"Shelley","last_name":"Wachsmann","domain_name":"tamu","page_name":"ShelleyWachsmann","display_name":"Shelley Wachsmann","profile_url":"https://tamu.academia.edu/ShelleyWachsmann?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5772979/2488526/2890516/s65_shelley.wachsmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4595129 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4595129"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4595129, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4595129", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4595129 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4595129; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4595129"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4595129 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4595129"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4595129; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4595129]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4595129").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4595129").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4595129"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">24</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4595129]'), work: {"id":4595129,"title":"Seagoing Ships and Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant","created_at":"2013-09-26T06:07:41.568-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4595129/Seagoing_Ships_and_Seamanship_in_the_Bronze_Age_Levant?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_4595129","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40376490,"asset_id":4595129,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5772979,"first_name":"Shelley","last_name":"Wachsmann","domain_name":"tamu","page_name":"ShelleyWachsmann","display_name":"Shelley Wachsmann","profile_url":"https://tamu.academia.edu/ShelleyWachsmann?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5772979/2488526/2890516/s65_shelley.wachsmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18336,"name":"Aegean Egyptian Interrelatlations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Egyptian_Interrelatlations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21431,"name":"Mycenaean era archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mycenaean_era_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21432,"name":"Late Bronze Age archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30137,"name":"Nautical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nautical_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30805,"name":"Early Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32803,"name":"Minoan art and archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minoan_art_and_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33259,"name":"Middle Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=9943"},{"id":38908,"name":"Minoan Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minoan_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44631,"name":"Ancient Shipwrecks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Shipwrecks?f_ri=9943"},{"id":81350,"name":"the Sea Peoples, XIX - XX Dynasty in Egypt, the Hittites, the Late Bronze Age in the Eastern Medittaranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/the_Sea_Peoples_XIX_-_XX_Dynasty_in_Egypt_the_Hittites_the_Late_Bronze_Age_in_the_Eastern_Meditta?f_ri=9943"},{"id":83571,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology, Bronze Age Aegean, Classical Archaeology, Infant burials, Mycenaean pottery, Anthropology, Immigration theory, Sea Peoples, Mythology, Creation Myths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology_Bronze_Age_Aegean_Classical_Archaeology_Infant_burials_Mycenaean_potter?f_ri=9943"},{"id":137429,"name":"Cyclades","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyclades?f_ri=9943"},{"id":416461,"name":"Sherden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sherden?f_ri=9943"},{"id":895714,"name":"Seafaring / Sea routes in the Mediterranean in Ancient times","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seafaring_Sea_routes_in_the_Mediterranean_in_Ancient_times?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1038279,"name":"The Philistines and Sea Peoples Cultures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Philistines_and_Sea_Peoples_Cultures?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34034517" data-work_id="34034517" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34034517/Historicity_of_the_Bible_astronomically_decoded">Historicity of the Bible astronomically decoded</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">All Biblical passages, which are the most difficult for the followers of a skeptic view on the historicity of the text, can obtain some historical interpretations to resolve a contradiction between the science and Scripture</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34034517" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f4618803b623d6f02188143136fbf282" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53975337,"asset_id":34034517,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53975337/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25753701" href="https://independent.academia.edu/iuriimosenkis">iurii mosenkis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25753701" type="text/json">{"id":25753701,"first_name":"iurii","last_name":"mosenkis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iuriimosenkis","display_name":"iurii mosenkis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iuriimosenkis?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34034517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34034517"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34034517, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34034517", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34034517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34034517; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34034517"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34034517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34034517"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34034517; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34034517]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34034517").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34034517").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34034517"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">63</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="121" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian_Religion">Sumerian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="121" type="text/json">{"id":121,"name":"Sumerian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="397" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology">Near Eastern Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="397" type="text/json">{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34034517]'), work: {"id":34034517,"title":"Historicity of the Bible astronomically decoded","created_at":"2017-07-25T13:27:25.419-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34034517/Historicity_of_the_Bible_astronomically_decoded?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_34034517","summary":"All Biblical passages, which are the most difficult for the followers of a skeptic view on the historicity of the text, can obtain some historical interpretations to resolve a contradiction between the science and Scripture","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53975337,"asset_id":34034517,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25753701,"first_name":"iurii","last_name":"mosenkis","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iuriimosenkis","display_name":"iurii mosenkis","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iuriimosenkis?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":121,"name":"Sumerian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":664,"name":"Hebrew Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2063,"name":"Hebrew Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4768,"name":"Old Testament Prophecy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_Prophecy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6529,"name":"Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6586,"name":"Bible Translation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Translation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7431,"name":"Bible Translations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Translations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9882,"name":"History Of The Bible/Biblical Canon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Of_The_Bible_Biblical_Canon?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13408,"name":"Johannes Kepler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Johannes_Kepler?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17928,"name":"Ancient Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Hebrew?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20182,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Languages?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20183,"name":"Sumerian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23396,"name":"Hebrew Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Manuscripts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23692,"name":"Historical Jesus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24320,"name":"Literary study of the Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_study_of_the_Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24347,"name":"Creationism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creationism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32282,"name":"Sumerian \u0026 Akkadian literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian_and_Akkadian_literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32296,"name":"Ancient Near East (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32992,"name":"Biblical Hebrew (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33872,"name":"Sumerology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35929,"name":"Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45413,"name":"New Testament Textual Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_Textual_Criticism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49052,"name":"History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_Archaeology_of_the_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51436,"name":"Sumerian Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sumerian_Language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":60457,"name":"Biblical Hebrew","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew?f_ri=9943"},{"id":66892,"name":"Chronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":89654,"name":"Old Testament Textual Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_Textual_Criticism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":92845,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Religions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":100357,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":102089,"name":"Biblical Hebrew poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Hebrew_poetry?f_ri=9943"},{"id":117575,"name":"Jesus Christ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jesus_Christ?f_ri=9943"},{"id":120640,"name":"New Testament Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":123086,"name":"Old Testament Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Testament_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":145979,"name":"Prophets of the Hebrew Bible/\"Old Testament\"","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophets_of_the_Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":147595,"name":"Bible Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Study?f_ri=9943"},{"id":158721,"name":"Floods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Floods?f_ri=9943"},{"id":164587,"name":"Moses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moses?f_ri=9943"},{"id":205928,"name":"Bible chronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_chronology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":356232,"name":"Garden of Eden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Garden_of_Eden?f_ri=9943"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=9943"},{"id":653362,"name":"Ideology in the Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ideology_in_the_Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":774935,"name":"Universal Deluge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universal_Deluge?f_ri=9943"},{"id":774940,"name":"Star of Bethlehem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Star_of_Bethlehem?f_ri=9943"},{"id":969521,"name":"Bethlehem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bethlehem?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2392720" data-work_id="2392720" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2392720/_Limits_of_Pharaonic_administration_patronage_informal_authorities_invisible_elites_and_mobile_populations_In_M_B%C3%A1rta_Hella_K%C3%BCllmer_ed_Diachronic_Trends_in_Ancient_Egyptian_History_Studies_Dedicated_to_the_Memory_of_Eva_Pardey_Prague_2013_p_88_101">"Limits of Pharaonic administration: patronage, informal authorities, ‘invisible’ elites and mobile populations". In: M. Bárta, Hella Küllmer (ed.), Diachronic Trends in Ancient Egyptian History: Studies Dedicated to the Memory of Eva Pardey, Prague, 2013, p. 88-101.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Certain social groups played an important role in ancient Egypt in despite of their scarce visibility in official sources and prestigious monuments. However, they were part of the ruling elite (in a broader sense), and their activities,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2392720" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Certain social groups played an important role in ancient Egypt in despite of their scarce visibility in official sources and prestigious monuments. However, they were part of the ruling elite (in a broader sense), and their activities, decisions and power were crucial for the stability and operating of the kingdom. Traders, wealthy peasants, local potentates or village chiefs appear thus as informal but nevertheless indispensable agents and mediators for the king and his officials. In other cases, informal practices like patronage, influence and networks of contacts enabled authority to circulate and penetrate into diverse social milieus and spheres of activity and cemented social cohesion. Finally, mobile populations carried out specialized activities as traders, herders and gatherers and were essential in the exploitation of resources in certain zones.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2392720" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1d469acb707d2a69f47836808d42bc16" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54592919,"asset_id":2392720,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54592919/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2392720 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2392720"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2392720, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2392720", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2392720 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2392720; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2392720"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2392720 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2392720"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2392720; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2392720]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2392720").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2392720").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2392720"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="205" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Sociology">Rural Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="205" type="text/json">{"id":205,"name":"Rural Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2392720]'), work: {"id":2392720,"title":"\"Limits of Pharaonic administration: patronage, informal authorities, ‘invisible’ elites and mobile populations\". In: M. Bárta, Hella Küllmer (ed.), Diachronic Trends in Ancient Egyptian History: Studies Dedicated to the Memory of Eva Pardey, Prague, 2013, p. 88-101.","created_at":"2013-01-12T08:09:20.919-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2392720/_Limits_of_Pharaonic_administration_patronage_informal_authorities_invisible_elites_and_mobile_populations_In_M_B%C3%A1rta_Hella_K%C3%BCllmer_ed_Diachronic_Trends_in_Ancient_Egyptian_History_Studies_Dedicated_to_the_Memory_of_Eva_Pardey_Prague_2013_p_88_101?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_2392720","summary":"Certain social groups played an important role in ancient Egypt in despite of their scarce visibility in official sources and prestigious monuments. However, they were part of the ruling elite (in a broader sense), and their activities, decisions and power were crucial for the stability and operating of the kingdom. Traders, wealthy peasants, local potentates or village chiefs appear thus as informal but nevertheless indispensable agents and mediators for the king and his officials. In other cases, informal practices like patronage, influence and networks of contacts enabled authority to circulate and penetrate into diverse social milieus and spheres of activity and cemented social cohesion. Finally, mobile populations carried out specialized activities as traders, herders and gatherers and were essential in the exploitation of resources in certain zones.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54592919,"asset_id":2392720,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":205,"name":"Rural Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3288,"name":"Ancient borders and borderlands (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_borders_and_borderlands_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3531,"name":"Traditional and subsistence agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_and_subsistence_agriculture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3536,"name":"Peasant Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peasant_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3693,"name":"Pastoralism (Social Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_Social_Anthropology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3895,"name":"Pastoralism in Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_in_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8324,"name":"Ancient economies (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economies_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13775,"name":"History of Elites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Elites?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18113,"name":"Anthropology of Borders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Borders?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19542,"name":"Patronage (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patronage_History_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20549,"name":"Nubian-Egyptian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25172,"name":"Courts and Elites (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Courts_and_Elites_History_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25632,"name":"Pastoral landscapes (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoral_landscapes_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30805,"name":"Early Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32296,"name":"Ancient Near East (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32305,"name":"Pastoralism (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33104,"name":"Ancient Agriculture \u0026 Farming (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Agriculture_and_Farming_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33108,"name":"Ancient Trade \u0026 Commerce (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Trade_and_Commerce_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33259,"name":"Middle Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36718,"name":"Libyan archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libyan_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":249304,"name":"Borders and Borderlands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Borders_and_Borderlands?f_ri=9943"},{"id":988946,"name":"Traditional Agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_Agriculture?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_235567" data-work_id="235567" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/235567/The_Foreign_Policy_of_Psammetichus_II_in_the_Levant">The Foreign Policy of Psammetichus II in the Levant</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract Since it is commonly held that Psammetichus II abstained from aggressive activity against Babylonia, I want to reconsider his policy (595-589 B.C.) toward the Levant and the Babylonian Empire. 1 No new data exists, leaving us... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_235567" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract <br />Since it is commonly held that Psammetichus II abstained from aggressive activity against Babylonia, I want to reconsider his policy (595-589 B.C.) toward the Levant and the Babylonian Empire. <br />1 No new data exists, leaving us only the (re)- <br />interpretation of the facts. In this article I shall review: <br />1. The Babylonian presence and activity in the Levant; <br />2. The anti-Babylonian conference in the fourth year of Zedekiah, King of Judah (most probably 593 B.C.); <br />3. Alleged Judean involvement in Psammetichus II’s campaign against Kush; <br />4. Psammetichus II’s campaign to Kush in his third year of reign (593 B.C.); <br />5. The Eﬀect of the Egyptian Campaign to Kush on the Levant; <br />6. The campaign of Psammetichus to the land of Kharu in his fourth regnal year.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/235567" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7abdc72a99e41cfc1733a2c64726ddce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":945252,"asset_id":235567,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/945252/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181754" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn">Dan'el Kahn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181754" type="text/json">{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_235567 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="235567"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 235567, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_235567", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_235567 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 235567; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_235567"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_235567 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="235567"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 235567; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=235567]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_235567").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_235567").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="235567"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26999" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Iron_Age_Archaeology_">Late Iron Age (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26999" type="text/json">{"id":26999,"name":"Late Iron Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Iron_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush">Kush</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27414" type="text/json">{"id":27414,"name":"Kush","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32634" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_and_Canaan">Egypt and Canaan</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32634" type="text/json">{"id":32634,"name":"Egypt and Canaan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_and_Canaan?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=235567]'), work: {"id":235567,"title":"The Foreign Policy of Psammetichus II in the Levant","created_at":"2010-05-10T16:54:19.976-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/235567/The_Foreign_Policy_of_Psammetichus_II_in_the_Levant?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_235567","summary":"Abstract\r\nSince it is commonly held that Psammetichus II abstained from aggressive activity against Babylonia, I want to reconsider his policy (595-589 B.C.) toward the Levant and the Babylonian Empire.\r\n1 No new data exists, leaving us only the (re)-\r\ninterpretation of the facts. In this article I shall review:\r\n1. The Babylonian presence and activity in the Levant;\r\n2. The anti-Babylonian conference in the fourth year of Zedekiah, King of Judah (most probably 593 B.C.);\r\n3. Alleged Judean involvement in Psammetichus II’s campaign against Kush;\r\n4. Psammetichus II’s campaign to Kush in his third year of reign (593 B.C.);\r\n5. The Eﬀect of the Egyptian Campaign to Kush on the Levant;\r\n6. The campaign of Psammetichus to the land of Kharu in his fourth regnal year.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":945252,"asset_id":235567,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":26999,"name":"Late Iron Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Iron_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":27414,"name":"Kush","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":32634,"name":"Egypt and Canaan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_and_Canaan?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":47629,"name":"26th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/26th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":53532,"name":"Neo-Babylonian period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-Babylonian_period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":172089,"name":"Neo Babylonian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo_Babylonian_Empire?f_ri=9943"},{"id":585614,"name":"Psammetichus II","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psammetichus_II?f_ri=9943"},{"id":585615,"name":"Zedekiah, King of Judah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zedekiah_King_of_Judah?f_ri=9943"},{"id":585646,"name":"Nebuchadnezzar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nebuchadnezzar?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39903971 coauthored" data-work_id="39903971" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_">The Decorated North Wall in the Tomb of Tutankhamun (KV 62) (The Burial of Nefertiti? II) (2019)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper revisits an earlier discussion, The Burial of Nefertiti? (ARTP Occasional Paper No. 1), to consider in greater detail the painted north wall in the Burial Chamber (room J) of Tutankhamun’s tomb (KV 62). The changes imposed upon... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39903971" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper revisits an earlier discussion, The Burial of Nefertiti? (ARTP Occasional Paper No. 1), to consider in greater detail the painted north wall in the Burial Chamber (room J) of Tutankhamun’s tomb (KV 62). The changes imposed upon this wall’s three separate scenes are here identified and analysed, and the conclusions found to support the view that KV 62 – architecturally the sepulchre of a queen – had been both intended and employed for the burial of Nefertiti in her capacity as Akhenaten’s heir, Smenkhkare-djeserkheperu. The manner in which this tomb’s outer chambers were adapted and pressed into service for Tutankhamun’s use a decade later – leaving its original occupant in place and undisturbed – is clearly established. <br />    In a supplement to this study, George Ballard – a leading authority on the use of radar and other remote-sensing technologies in the investigation of historic buildings and structures – provides an independent review of the principal geophysical investigations carried out within and around KV 62 since 2015. Contrary to earlier assessments, Ballard is able to conclude that the data collected is both broadly consistent and essentially in line with archaeological indicators and expectations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39903971" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="73d5099e876e5e9cfb54085f78e33772" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60090279,"asset_id":39903971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60090279/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1939453" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5">Nicholas Reeves</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1939453" type="text/json">{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-39903971">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-39903971"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/GeorgeBallard">George Ballard</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-39903971'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-39903971').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39903971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39903971"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39903971, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39903971", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39903971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39903971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39903971"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39903971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39903971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39903971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39903971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39903971").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39903971").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39903971"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39903971]'), work: {"id":39903971,"title":"The Decorated North Wall in the Tomb of Tutankhamun (KV 62) (The Burial of Nefertiti? II) (2019)","created_at":"2019-07-23T04:30:37.505-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_39903971","summary":"This paper revisits an earlier discussion, The Burial of Nefertiti? (ARTP Occasional Paper No. 1), to consider in greater detail the painted north wall in the Burial Chamber (room J) of Tutankhamun’s tomb (KV 62). The changes imposed upon this wall’s three separate scenes are here identified and analysed, and the conclusions found to support the view that KV 62 – architecturally the sepulchre of a queen – had been both intended and employed for the burial of Nefertiti in her capacity as Akhenaten’s heir, Smenkhkare-djeserkheperu. The manner in which this tomb’s outer chambers were adapted and pressed into service for Tutankhamun’s use a decade later – leaving its original occupant in place and undisturbed – is clearly established.\r\n In a supplement to this study, George Ballard – a leading authority on the use of radar and other remote-sensing technologies in the investigation of historic buildings and structures – provides an independent review of the principal geophysical investigations carried out within and around KV 62 since 2015. Contrary to earlier assessments, Ballard is able to conclude that the data collected is both broadly consistent and essentially in line with archaeological indicators and expectations.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60090279,"asset_id":39903971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"},{"id":33891132,"first_name":"George","last_name":"Ballard","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"GeorgeBallard","display_name":"George Ballard","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/GeorgeBallard?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13966,"name":"History of Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Art?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24591,"name":"Archaeological Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Geophysics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24963,"name":"Exploration Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploration_Geophysics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32971,"name":"Amarna Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34374,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Architecture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":59329,"name":"The Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Amarna_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":74949,"name":"Amarna Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Egypt?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19406244" data-work_id="19406244" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19406244/The_Gold_Mask_of_Ankhkheperure_Neferneferuaten_2015_">The Gold Mask of Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten (2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19406244" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6ce64e921a13a14f9cf982f559545eec" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42645548,"asset_id":19406244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42645548/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1939453" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5">Nicholas Reeves</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1939453" type="text/json">{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19406244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19406244"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19406244, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19406244", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19406244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19406244; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19406244"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19406244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19406244"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19406244; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19406244]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19406244").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19406244").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19406244"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">24</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19406244]'), work: {"id":19406244,"title":"The Gold Mask of Ankhkheperure Neferneferuaten (2015)","created_at":"2015-12-03T05:21:18.258-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19406244/The_Gold_Mask_of_Ankhkheperure_Neferneferuaten_2015_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_19406244","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42645548,"asset_id":19406244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12451,"name":"Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23460,"name":"Ritual and Performance (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual_and_Performance_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32971,"name":"Amarna Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":59329,"name":"The Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Amarna_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":74949,"name":"Amarna Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":193365,"name":"Tutankhamun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tutankhamun?f_ri=9943"},{"id":242440,"name":"Tutankhamen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tutankhamen?f_ri=9943"},{"id":280559,"name":"Amarna Period - Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Period_-_Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":360291,"name":"Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":384679,"name":"Death of King Tutankhamun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_of_King_Tutankhamun?f_ri=9943"},{"id":411650,"name":"Amarna Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Art?f_ri=9943"},{"id":887418,"name":"Post - Amarna period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_-_Amarna_period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1804263,"name":"The funerary mask of king Tutankhamun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_funerary_mask_of_king_Tutankhamun?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4742131" data-work_id="4742131" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4742131/A_Clear_Dating_of_Dark_Ages">A Clear Dating of Dark Ages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The "Dark Ages" during which there are few or no written records are common in history and can even last for several centuries as the Greek Dark Ages (1200-750). They are a major obstacle to get an accurate reconstruction of ancient... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4742131" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The "Dark Ages" during which there are few or no written records are common in history and can even last for several centuries as the Greek Dark Ages (1200-750). They are a major obstacle to get an accurate reconstruction of ancient chronologies. Carbon-14 dating and the style of ceramics has led to significant improvement, but the uncertainty is still important since the first fall of Babylon is currently fixed in 1651, 1595, 1531 or 1499 BCE, depending on historians. Such a difference in timeline prevents from reaching the historical truth because chronology is the backbone of history. It is for this reason that from Herodotus, the "father of history" (in fact the father of scientific inquiry, including of chronology), Greek historians have gradually established a system of dating in order to write a universal history. Several systems have gradually been used (depending on authors): archontic years (753 BCE to 275 CE), Olympic years (776 BCE to 261 CE), consular years (509 BCE to 541 CE), etc. Some astronomical phenomena well identified, such as eclipses, now enable us to synchronize these ancient dating systems and anchor them on absolute dates. Then simply reconstruct the chronology of earlier periods (Persian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Egyptian, etc.) in the same way by dating some synchronisms by astronomy (see the file entitled: Dating the Fall of Babylon and Ur). Thus Babylonian reigns enable us dating the period from 1375 to 539 BCE, then Assyrian eponyms the one from 1873 to 609 BCE, Babylonian reigns again the one from 2243 to 1499 BCE and finally Egyptian reigns the one from 2632 to 1773 BCE.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4742131" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b032f5fabe680eff843d13ec20cbdd3b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54792246,"asset_id":4742131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54792246/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3120983" href="https://univ-lyon2.academia.edu/GerardGERTOUX">Gerard GERTOUX</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3120983" type="text/json">{"id":3120983,"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"GERTOUX","domain_name":"univ-lyon2","page_name":"GerardGERTOUX","display_name":"Gerard GERTOUX","profile_url":"https://univ-lyon2.academia.edu/GerardGERTOUX?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3120983/1025593/1299124/s65_gerard.gertoux.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4742131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4742131"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4742131, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4742131", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4742131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4742131; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4742131"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4742131 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4742131"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4742131; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4742131]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4742131").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4742131").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4742131"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1764" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology">Assyriology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1764" type="text/json">{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27637" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calendars">Calendars</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27637" type="text/json">{"id":27637,"name":"Calendars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calendars?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4742131]'), work: {"id":4742131,"title":"A Clear Dating of Dark Ages","created_at":"2013-10-10T19:32:31.651-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4742131/A_Clear_Dating_of_Dark_Ages?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_4742131","summary":"The \"Dark Ages\" during which there are few or no written records are common in history and can even last for several centuries as the Greek Dark Ages (1200-750). They are a major obstacle to get an accurate reconstruction of ancient chronologies. Carbon-14 dating and the style of ceramics has led to significant improvement, but the uncertainty is still important since the first fall of Babylon is currently fixed in 1651, 1595, 1531 or 1499 BCE, depending on historians. Such a difference in timeline prevents from reaching the historical truth because chronology is the backbone of history. It is for this reason that from Herodotus, the \"father of history\" (in fact the father of scientific inquiry, including of chronology), Greek historians have gradually established a system of dating in order to write a universal history. Several systems have gradually been used (depending on authors): archontic years (753 BCE to 275 CE), Olympic years (776 BCE to 261 CE), consular years (509 BCE to 541 CE), etc. Some astronomical phenomena well identified, such as eclipses, now enable us to synchronize these ancient dating systems and anchor them on absolute dates. Then simply reconstruct the chronology of earlier periods (Persian, Babylonian, Assyrian, Egyptian, etc.) in the same way by dating some synchronisms by astronomy (see the file entitled: Dating the Fall of Babylon and Ur). Thus Babylonian reigns enable us dating the period from 1375 to 539 BCE, then Assyrian eponyms the one from 1873 to 609 BCE, Babylonian reigns again the one from 2243 to 1499 BCE and finally Egyptian reigns the one from 2632 to 1773 BCE.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54792246,"asset_id":4742131,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3120983,"first_name":"Gerard","last_name":"GERTOUX","domain_name":"univ-lyon2","page_name":"GerardGERTOUX","display_name":"Gerard GERTOUX","profile_url":"https://univ-lyon2.academia.edu/GerardGERTOUX?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3120983/1025593/1299124/s65_gerard.gertoux.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":27637,"name":"Calendars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calendars?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":28229,"name":"Relative-Absolute dating","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relative-Absolute_dating?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32302,"name":"Old Babylonian period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Babylonian_period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32340,"name":"Mesopotamian history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_history?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34480,"name":"14C dating (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/14C_dating_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35213,"name":"Achaemenid History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49655,"name":"Dark Ages History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Ages_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":66892,"name":"Chronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chronology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":68575,"name":"History, Science, Astronomy, Ancient Chronological Systems, Calendars","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Science_Astronomy_Ancient_Chronological_Systems_Calendars?f_ri=9943"},{"id":199959,"name":"Ancient chronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_chronology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":205927,"name":"Egyptian chronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_chronology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":205928,"name":"Bible chronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_chronology?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6964784" data-work_id="6964784" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6964784/_Invaders_or_just_herders_Libyans_in_Egypt_in_the_3rd_and_2nd_millennia_BCE_World_Archaeology_46_4_2014_610_623">«Invaders or just herders? Libyans in Egypt in the 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE», World Archaeology 46/4 (2014), 610-623.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An increasing body of archaeological data and a careful re-evaluation of Egyptian texts are showing Libyans, usually depicted in pharaonic sources as a menacing force of wandering herders, in a different light. The western Delta and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6964784" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An increasing body of archaeological data and a careful re-evaluation of Egyptian texts are showing Libyans, usually depicted in pharaonic sources as a menacing force of wandering herders, in a different light. The western Delta and Middle Egypt formed a vast area with low human density, scattered settlements, abundant grazing and wooded land and porous borders, an ideal landscape not only for herders (both Libyan and Egyptian), but also for foragers and fishermen. Their autonomous mobile lifestyles usually clashed with the fiscal and agricultural interests of the Pharaohs, but conflict did not necessarily ensue. Thus, while some kind of mutual agreement dominated much of third-millennium relations between Libyans and Egyptian kings, the foundation of a new capital in the eastern Delta, at Pi-Ramesses, and its heavy impact on Delta resources launched an increasing wave of conflicts with Libyan herders. Competition then actually underlies what pharaonic sources unilaterally present as invasions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6964784" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4c67e541bab66eed261210de39dbb023" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54132865,"asset_id":6964784,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54132865/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6964784 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6964784"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6964784, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6964784", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6964784 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6964784; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6964784"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6964784 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6964784"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6964784; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6964784]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6964784").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6964784").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6964784"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">35</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="397" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology">Near Eastern Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="397" type="text/json">{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6964784]'), work: {"id":6964784,"title":"«Invaders or just herders? Libyans in Egypt in the 3rd and 2nd millennia BCE», World Archaeology 46/4 (2014), 610-623.","created_at":"2014-05-05T03:45:50.912-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6964784/_Invaders_or_just_herders_Libyans_in_Egypt_in_the_3rd_and_2nd_millennia_BCE_World_Archaeology_46_4_2014_610_623?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_6964784","summary":"An increasing body of archaeological data and a careful re-evaluation of Egyptian texts are showing Libyans, usually depicted in pharaonic sources as a menacing force of wandering herders, in a different light. The western Delta and Middle Egypt formed a vast area with low human density, scattered settlements, abundant grazing and wooded land and porous borders, an ideal landscape not only for herders (both Libyan and Egyptian), but also for foragers and fishermen. Their autonomous mobile lifestyles usually clashed with the fiscal and agricultural interests of the Pharaohs, but conflict did not necessarily ensue. Thus, while some kind of mutual agreement dominated much of third-millennium relations between Libyans and Egyptian kings, the foundation of a new capital in the eastern Delta, at Pi-Ramesses, and its heavy impact on Delta resources launched an increasing wave of conflicts with Libyan herders. Competition then actually underlies what pharaonic sources unilaterally present as invasions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54132865,"asset_id":6964784,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3288,"name":"Ancient borders and borderlands (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_borders_and_borderlands_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3693,"name":"Pastoralism (Social Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_Social_Anthropology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3895,"name":"Pastoralism in Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_in_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28797,"name":"Nomadism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nomadism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30805,"name":"Early Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32296,"name":"Ancient Near East (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32305,"name":"Pastoralism (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33108,"name":"Ancient Trade \u0026 Commerce (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Trade_and_Commerce_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36718,"name":"Libyan archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libyan_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49014,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52227,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":59470,"name":"Borders and Frontiers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Borders_and_Frontiers?f_ri=9943"},{"id":107177,"name":"First Intermediate Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Intermediate_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":139786,"name":"Pastoralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":147841,"name":"Early Bronze Age in the Southern Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_in_the_Southern_Levant?f_ri=9943"},{"id":249304,"name":"Borders and Borderlands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Borders_and_Borderlands?f_ri=9943"},{"id":281578,"name":"Libyan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libyan_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":353616,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":510514,"name":"Ancient Pastoralism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Pastoralism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":931864,"name":"Nomadic/Indigenous People","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nomadic_Indigenous_People?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1044995" data-work_id="1044995" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1044995/The_Ancient_Egyptian_Books_of_the_Earth">The Ancient Egyptian Books of the Earth</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Collections of scenes and texts designated variously as the “Book of the Earth,” “Creation of the Solar Disc,” and “Book of Aker” were inscribed on the walls of royal sarcophagus chambers throughout Egypt’s Ramessid Period (Dynasties... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1044995" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Collections of scenes and texts designated variously as the “Book of the Earth,” “Creation of the Solar Disc,” and “Book of Aker” were inscribed on the walls of royal sarcophagus chambers throughout Egypt’s Ramessid Period (Dynasties 19–20). This material illustrated discrete episodes from the nocturnal voyage of the sun god, which functioned as a model for the resurrection of the deceased king. These earliest “Books of the Earth” employed mostly ad hoc arrangements of scenes, united by shared elements of iconography, an over-arching, bipartite symmetry of composition, and their frequent pairing with representations of the double sky overhead. From the Twenty-First Dynasty and later, selections of programmatic tableaux were adapted for use in private mortuary contexts, often in conjunction with innovative or previously unattested annotations. The present study collects and analyzes all currently known royal and private Book of the Earth material, including previously unpublished scenes and texts from the tombs of Pedamenopet and Padineith at Thebes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1044995" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6208c19d2369f3763eda5e607423dc58" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32877287,"asset_id":1044995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32877287/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="460248" href="https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson">Joshua Aaron Roberson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="460248" type="text/json">{"id":460248,"first_name":"Joshua Aaron","last_name":"Roberson","domain_name":"memphis","page_name":"JoshuaAaronRoberson","display_name":"Joshua Aaron Roberson","profile_url":"https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/460248/151577/11002368/s65_joshua_aaron.roberson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1044995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1044995"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1044995, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1044995", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1044995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1044995; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1044995"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1044995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1044995"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1044995; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1044995]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1044995").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1044995").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1044995"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">32</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1044995]'), work: {"id":1044995,"title":"The Ancient Egyptian Books of the Earth","created_at":"2011-10-26T21:37:32.372-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1044995/The_Ancient_Egyptian_Books_of_the_Earth?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_1044995","summary":"Collections of scenes and texts designated variously as the “Book of the Earth,” “Creation of the Solar Disc,” and “Book of Aker” were inscribed on the walls of royal sarcophagus chambers throughout Egypt’s Ramessid Period (Dynasties 19–20). This material illustrated discrete episodes from the nocturnal voyage of the sun god, which functioned as a model for the resurrection of the deceased king. These earliest “Books of the Earth” employed mostly ad hoc arrangements of scenes, united by shared elements of iconography, an over-arching, bipartite symmetry of composition, and their frequent pairing with representations of the double sky overhead. From the Twenty-First Dynasty and later, selections of programmatic tableaux were adapted for use in private mortuary contexts, often in conjunction with innovative or previously unattested annotations. The present study collects and analyzes all currently known royal and private Book of the Earth material, including previously unpublished scenes and texts from the tombs of Pedamenopet and Padineith at Thebes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32877287,"asset_id":1044995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":460248,"first_name":"Joshua Aaron","last_name":"Roberson","domain_name":"memphis","page_name":"JoshuaAaronRoberson","display_name":"Joshua Aaron Roberson","profile_url":"https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/460248/151577/11002368/s65_joshua_aaron.roberson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":12451,"name":"Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12455,"name":"Middle Egyptian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Egyptian?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20680,"name":"Egyptian religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21668,"name":"Egyptian Ritual Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Ritual_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30593,"name":"Egyptian Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33127,"name":"Third Intermediate Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Intermediate_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34373,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Cosmology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34374,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Architecture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36252,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Magic?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36253,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Magical Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Magical_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":38479,"name":"Saite Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saite_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42421,"name":"Ramesside Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ramesside_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49311,"name":"Ancient Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":144317,"name":"Amduat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amduat?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283570,"name":"Book of the Earth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_the_Earth?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283572,"name":"Underworld Books","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Underworld_Books?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283575,"name":"Petamenophis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petamenophis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283576,"name":"Ramesses VI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ramesses_VI?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283577,"name":"Ramesses IX","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ramesses_IX?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283579,"name":"Ramesses IV","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ramesses_IV?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283580,"name":"Seti I","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seti_I?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283584,"name":"Osorkon II","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Osorkon_II?f_ri=9943"},{"id":380039,"name":"Egyptian Hieroglyphs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Hieroglyphs?f_ri=9943"},{"id":551906,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Culture?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26016416 coauthored" data-work_id="26016416" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26016416/Inventaire_des_monuments_objets_sc%C3%A8nes_et_inscriptions_des_temples_de_Karnak_Montpellier_2016">Inventaire des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak, Montpellier, 2016</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cette première livraison de l’inventaire bibliographique des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak a été rendue possible par le travail de dépouillement systématique de la documentation épigraphique des temples... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26016416" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cette première livraison de l’inventaire bibliographique des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak a été rendue possible par le travail de dépouillement systématique de la documentation épigraphique des temples de Karnak dans le cadre du projet Karnak (Programme « Investissement d’Avenir » ANR-11-LABX-0032-01 Labex ARCHIMEDE). Débuté en 2013, ce projet d’édition des inscriptions des temples de Karnak a pour ambition de collecter, d’organiser et de rendre accessible le corpus des sources textuelles en hiéroglyphe, hiératique et démotique présentes ou issues des temples de Karnak. Depuis près de trois ans, ce projet rend ainsi progressivement disponibles dans une interface accessible en ligne les textes publiés ou encore inédits de Karnak, collationnés in situ.<br />Près d’un demi-siècle après la dernière version actualisée publiée de la Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Reliefs and Paintings de Bertha Porter et Rosalind Moss consacrée aux temples thébains, ce nouvel inventaire de la décoration des temples de Karnak permet d’inclure l’abondante bibliographie parue depuis, dont les nombreux projets archéologiques et épigraphiques conduits par le Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude des Temples de Karnak depuis sa création en 1967 (15 volumes des Cahiers de Karnak, plus d’une vingtaine de monographies et des centaines d’articles).<br />Les premières versions de l’Inventaire des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak sont diffusées, avec une date de version, au format PdF depuis les sites internet du Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude des Temples de Karnak (MAE/USR 3172 du CNRS) et de l’équipe d’égyptologie de l’université de Montpellier (UMR 5140 du CNRS).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26016416" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="15618635ba13358713e811dc0627f103" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46361231,"asset_id":26016416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46361231/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2990731" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/S%C3%A9bastienBistonMoulin">Sébastien Biston-Moulin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2990731" type="text/json">{"id":2990731,"first_name":"Sébastien","last_name":"Biston-Moulin","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SébastienBistonMoulin","display_name":"Sébastien Biston-Moulin","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/S%C3%A9bastienBistonMoulin?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2990731/987113/1235092/s65_s_bastien.biston-moulin.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-26016416">+19</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-26016416"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/AnaisTillier">Anaïs Tillier</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://egnet.academia.edu/C%C3%A9dricLarcher">Cédric Larcher</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://szepmuveszeti.academia.edu/GabriellaDembitz">Gabriella Dembitz</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/CharlieLabarta">Charlie Labarta</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/J%C3%A9r%C3%A9myHourdin">Jérémy Hourdin</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://shams.academia.edu/AliAliAbdelHalim">Ali Ali Abdel Halim</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/RomaneBetbeze">Romane Betbeze</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/L%C3%A9oCagnard">Léo Cagnard</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/SilkeCa%C3%9ForPfeiffer">Silke Caßor-Pfeiffer</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://egnet.academia.edu/MarionClaude">Marion Claude</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-tlse2.academia.edu/MariePauleJung">Marie-Paule Jung</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/DinaMetawi">Dina Metawi</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/ElenaPanaite">Elena Panaite</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/AnneH%C3%A9l%C3%A8nePerrot">Anne-Hélène Perrot</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://xn--muse-du-louvre-dkb.academia.edu/RenaudPietri">Renaud Pietri</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://sca-egypt.academia.edu/MohamedRaafatAbbas">Mohamed Raafat Abbas</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/LaurieRouvi%C3%A8re">Laurie Rouvière Madiot</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/ChiaraSalvador">Chiara Salvador</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univ-lille.academia.edu/FloriePirou">Florie Pirou</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-26016416'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-26016416').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26016416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26016416"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26016416, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26016416", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26016416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26016416; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26016416"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26016416 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26016416"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26016416; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26016416]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26016416").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26016416").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26016416"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26016416]'), work: {"id":26016416,"title":"Inventaire des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak, Montpellier, 2016","created_at":"2016-06-09T07:05:40.941-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26016416/Inventaire_des_monuments_objets_sc%C3%A8nes_et_inscriptions_des_temples_de_Karnak_Montpellier_2016?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_26016416","summary":"Cette première livraison de l’inventaire bibliographique des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak a été rendue possible par le travail de dépouillement systématique de la documentation épigraphique des temples de Karnak dans le cadre du projet Karnak (Programme « Investissement d’Avenir » ANR-11-LABX-0032-01 Labex ARCHIMEDE). Débuté en 2013, ce projet d’édition des inscriptions des temples de Karnak a pour ambition de collecter, d’organiser et de rendre accessible le corpus des sources textuelles en hiéroglyphe, hiératique et démotique présentes ou issues des temples de Karnak. Depuis près de trois ans, ce projet rend ainsi progressivement disponibles dans une interface accessible en ligne les textes publiés ou encore inédits de Karnak, collationnés in situ.\nPrès d’un demi-siècle après la dernière version actualisée publiée de la Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Reliefs and Paintings de Bertha Porter et Rosalind Moss consacrée aux temples thébains, ce nouvel inventaire de la décoration des temples de Karnak permet d’inclure l’abondante bibliographie parue depuis, dont les nombreux projets archéologiques et épigraphiques conduits par le Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude des Temples de Karnak depuis sa création en 1967 (15 volumes des Cahiers de Karnak, plus d’une vingtaine de monographies et des centaines d’articles).\nLes premières versions de l’Inventaire des monuments, objets, scènes et inscriptions des temples de Karnak sont diffusées, avec une date de version, au format PdF depuis les sites internet du Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude des Temples de Karnak (MAE/USR 3172 du CNRS) et de l’équipe d’égyptologie de l’université de Montpellier (UMR 5140 du CNRS).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46361231,"asset_id":26016416,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2990731,"first_name":"Sébastien","last_name":"Biston-Moulin","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SébastienBistonMoulin","display_name":"Sébastien Biston-Moulin","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/S%C3%A9bastienBistonMoulin?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2990731/987113/1235092/s65_s_bastien.biston-moulin.jpg"},{"id":2575683,"first_name":"Anaïs","last_name":"Tillier","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"AnaisTillier","display_name":"Anaïs Tillier","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/AnaisTillier?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2575683/1079956/2991579/s65_ana_s.tillier.jpg"},{"id":492220,"first_name":"Cédric","last_name":"Larcher","domain_name":"egnet","page_name":"CédricLarcher","display_name":"Cédric Larcher","profile_url":"https://egnet.academia.edu/C%C3%A9dricLarcher?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/492220/2685862/4322586/s65_c_dric.larcher.jpg"},{"id":3843435,"first_name":"Gabriella","last_name":"Dembitz","domain_name":"szepmuveszeti","page_name":"GabriellaDembitz","display_name":"Gabriella Dembitz","profile_url":"https://szepmuveszeti.academia.edu/GabriellaDembitz?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3843435/1408853/161736850/s65_gabriella.dembitz.png"},{"id":2649821,"first_name":"Charlie","last_name":"Labarta","domain_name":"univ-montp3","page_name":"CharlieLabarta","display_name":"Charlie Labarta","profile_url":"https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/CharlieLabarta?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2649821/6927262/7813790/s65_charlie.labarta.jpeg"},{"id":1451223,"first_name":"Jérémy","last_name":"Hourdin","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JérémyHourdin","display_name":"Jérémy Hourdin","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/J%C3%A9r%C3%A9myHourdin?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1451223/519505/37546196/s65_j_r_my.hourdin.jpg"},{"id":2819676,"first_name":"Ali","last_name":"Ali Abdel Halim","domain_name":"shams","page_name":"AliAliAbdelHalim","display_name":"Ali Ali Abdel Halim","profile_url":"https://shams.academia.edu/AliAliAbdelHalim?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2819676/921476/1153399/s65_ali.ali_abdel_halim.jpg"},{"id":7590516,"first_name":"Romane","last_name":"Betbeze","domain_name":"hu-berlin","page_name":"RomaneBetbeze","display_name":"Romane Betbeze","profile_url":"https://hu-berlin.academia.edu/RomaneBetbeze?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7590516/2743564/63502379/s65_romane.betbeze.jpg"},{"id":1660024,"first_name":"Léo","last_name":"Cagnard","domain_name":"univ-montp3","page_name":"LéoCagnard","display_name":"Léo Cagnard","profile_url":"https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/L%C3%A9oCagnard?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1660024/2682480/3121983/s65_l_o.cagnard.jpg"},{"id":4639179,"first_name":"Silke","last_name":"Caßor-Pfeiffer","domain_name":"uni-tuebingen","page_name":"SilkeCaßorPfeiffer","display_name":"Silke Caßor-Pfeiffer","profile_url":"https://uni-tuebingen.academia.edu/SilkeCa%C3%9ForPfeiffer?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4639179/72936046/61409369/s65_silke.ca_or-pfeiffer.png"},{"id":4640715,"first_name":"Marion","last_name":"Claude","domain_name":"egnet","page_name":"MarionClaude","display_name":"Marion Claude","profile_url":"https://egnet.academia.edu/MarionClaude?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4640715/1944785/17228693/s65_marion.claude.jpg"},{"id":1930944,"first_name":"Marie-Paule","last_name":"Jung","domain_name":"univ-tlse2","page_name":"MariePauleJung","display_name":"Marie-Paule Jung","profile_url":"https://univ-tlse2.academia.edu/MariePauleJung?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1930944/2659732/26510208/s65_marie-paule.jung.jpg"},{"id":11703422,"first_name":"Dina","last_name":"Metawi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DinaMetawi","display_name":"Dina Metawi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DinaMetawi?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11703422/3414466/42318577/s65_dina.metawi.jpg"},{"id":4246986,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Panaite","domain_name":"univ-montp3","page_name":"ElenaPanaite","display_name":"Elena Panaite","profile_url":"https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/ElenaPanaite?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4246986/11615433/12952763/s65_elena.panaite.jpg"},{"id":8095994,"first_name":"Anne-Hélène","last_name":"Perrot","domain_name":"uni-leipzig","page_name":"AnneHélènePerrot","display_name":"Anne-Hélène Perrot","profile_url":"https://uni-leipzig.academia.edu/AnneH%C3%A9l%C3%A8nePerrot?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8095994/2819714/3290645/s65_anne-h_l_ne.perrot.jpg"},{"id":435781,"first_name":"Renaud","last_name":"Pietri","domain_name":"xn--muse-du-louvre-dkb","page_name":"RenaudPietri","display_name":"Renaud Pietri","profile_url":"https://xn--muse-du-louvre-dkb.academia.edu/RenaudPietri?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435781/133070/59000646/s65_renaud.pietri.jpg"},{"id":13053457,"first_name":"Mohamed","last_name":"Raafat Abbas","domain_name":"sca-egypt","page_name":"MohamedRaafatAbbas","display_name":"Mohamed Raafat Abbas","profile_url":"https://sca-egypt.academia.edu/MohamedRaafatAbbas?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13053457/3684636/37474670/s65_mohamed.raafat_abbas.jpg"},{"id":3224274,"first_name":"Laurie","last_name":"Rouvière Madiot","domain_name":"univ-montp3","page_name":"LaurieRouvière","display_name":"Laurie Rouvière Madiot","profile_url":"https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/LaurieRouvi%C3%A8re?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3224274/1189098/148348160/s65_laurie.rouvi_re.png"},{"id":19498121,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Salvador","domain_name":"univ-montp3","page_name":"ChiaraSalvador","display_name":"Chiara Salvador","profile_url":"https://univ-montp3.academia.edu/ChiaraSalvador?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/19498121/5440337/6227771/s65_chiara.salvador.jpg"},{"id":3198872,"first_name":"Florie","last_name":"Pirou","domain_name":"univ-lille","page_name":"FloriePirou","display_name":"Florie Pirou","profile_url":"https://univ-lille.academia.edu/FloriePirou?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3198872/1052383/3195124/s65_florie.pirou.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":12451,"name":"Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23460,"name":"Ritual and Performance (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual_and_Performance_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42421,"name":"Ramesside Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ramesside_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49311,"name":"Ancient Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":53033,"name":"Ptolemaic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ptolemaic_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":83184,"name":"Middle Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":135485,"name":"Karnak","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karnak?f_ri=9943"},{"id":380039,"name":"Egyptian Hieroglyphs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Hieroglyphs?f_ri=9943"},{"id":492515,"name":"Karnak Temple","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karnak_Temple?f_ri=9943"},{"id":798259,"name":"CFEETK Karnak","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CFEETK_Karnak?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_542366" data-work_id="542366" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/542366/The_Assyrian_Invasions_of_Egypt_673_663_B_C_and_the_Final_Expulsion_of_the_Kushites_">The Assyrian Invasions of Egypt (673-663 B.C.) and the Final Expulsion of the Kushites,</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract The purpose of this article is to reevaluate the Assyrian attempts to conquer Egypt in the days of Taharqa, King of Kush (690-664 B.C.) during the reigns of Esarhaddon (681-669 B.C.) and Ashurbanipal (669 - ca. 630 B.C.) kings... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_542366" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract <br />The purpose of this article is to reevaluate the Assyrian attempts to conquer Egypt in the days of Taharqa, King of Kush (690-664 B.C.) during the reigns of Esarhaddon (681-669 B.C.) and Ashurbanipal (669 - ca. 630 B.C.) kings of Assyria. The historical backbone of this article is based on the Assyrian royal inscriptions. From these sources it becomes clear that the Assyrian war-machine conquered Egypt in a swift Blitzkrieg and tried to incorporate Egypt into the Assyrian realm. The fragmented Egyptian petty kingdoms, however, resisted the Assyrian occupation with the assistance of the Kushites. It is possible to shed additional light on the continuous struggle between the Assyrian overlords and the Egyptians from Queries to the Assyrian Sun god Shamash, letters from Babylonian scholars to the king of Assyria, Kushite royal inscriptions and Egyptian priestly commemorative stelae.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/542366" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb3d6a85d883ccb965af2db7fdd49d03" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":20102791,"asset_id":542366,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/20102791/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181754" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn">Dan'el Kahn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181754" type="text/json">{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_542366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="542366"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 542366, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_542366", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_542366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 542366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_542366"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_542366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="542366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 542366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=542366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_542366").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_542366").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="542366"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1764" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology">Assyriology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1764" type="text/json">{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20549" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations">Nubian-Egyptian Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20549" type="text/json">{"id":20549,"name":"Nubian-Egyptian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyria">Assyria</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="28390" type="text/json">{"id":28390,"name":"Assyria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyria?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=542366]'), work: {"id":542366,"title":"The Assyrian Invasions of Egypt (673-663 B.C.) and the Final Expulsion of the Kushites,","created_at":"2011-04-23T22:27:19.305-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/542366/The_Assyrian_Invasions_of_Egypt_673_663_B_C_and_the_Final_Expulsion_of_the_Kushites_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_542366","summary":"Abstract\r\nThe purpose of this article is to reevaluate the Assyrian attempts to conquer Egypt in the days of Taharqa, King of Kush (690-664 B.C.) during the reigns of Esarhaddon (681-669 B.C.) and Ashurbanipal (669 - ca. 630 B.C.) kings of Assyria. The historical backbone of this article is based on the Assyrian royal inscriptions. From these sources it becomes clear that the Assyrian war-machine conquered Egypt in a swift Blitzkrieg and tried to incorporate Egypt into the Assyrian realm. The fragmented Egyptian petty kingdoms, however, resisted the Assyrian occupation with the assistance of the Kushites. It is possible to shed additional light on the continuous struggle between the Assyrian overlords and the Egyptians from Queries to the Assyrian Sun god Shamash, letters from Babylonian scholars to the king of Assyria, Kushite royal inscriptions and Egyptian priestly commemorative stelae.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":20102791,"asset_id":542366,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":20549,"name":"Nubian-Egyptian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":28390,"name":"Assyria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyria?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":33131,"name":"25th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36417,"name":"Assyrian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyrian_Empire?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41044,"name":"Neo-Assyrian studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-Assyrian_studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":47629,"name":"26th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/26th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":72766,"name":"Ashurbanipal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ashurbanipal?f_ri=9943"},{"id":81907,"name":"Neo-Assyrian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo-Assyrian?f_ri=9943"},{"id":86306,"name":"Egypt and Nubia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_and_Nubia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":109104,"name":"Taharqa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taharqa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":115939,"name":"Esarhaddon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Esarhaddon?f_ri=9943"},{"id":115943,"name":"Expulsion of the Kushites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Expulsion_of_the_Kushites?f_ri=9943"},{"id":122791,"name":"Nubian studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian_studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":585618,"name":"Psammetichus I","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psammetichus_I?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6260345" data-work_id="6260345" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6260345/Islam_Democracy_and_Islamism_after_the_Counterrevolution_in_Egypt">Islam, Democracy and Islamism after the Counterrevolution in Egypt</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper examines the short-lived rule of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the Arab Spring and argues that the Muslim Brotherhood had abandoned Islamist values without embracing democratic ideals. It identifies a pathway to reform... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6260345" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper examines the short-lived rule of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the Arab Spring and argues that the Muslim Brotherhood had abandoned Islamist values without embracing democratic ideals. It identifies a pathway to reform for the Brotherhood  if it is serious about democratization. The paper insists that the failure of democracy in Egypt is not a judgement on the compatibility of Islam and democracy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6260345" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7eaf9216dcc4630bd4a2518ef6d34172" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33115979,"asset_id":6260345,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33115979/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3388" href="https://udel.academia.edu/MuqtedarKhan">Muqtedar Khan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3388" type="text/json">{"id":3388,"first_name":"Muqtedar","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"udel","page_name":"MuqtedarKhan","display_name":"Muqtedar Khan","profile_url":"https://udel.academia.edu/MuqtedarKhan?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3388/1418/93215313/s65_muqtedar.khan.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6260345 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6260345"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6260345, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6260345", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6260345 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6260345; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6260345"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6260345 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6260345"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6260345; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6260345]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6260345").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6260345").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6260345"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">178</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="122" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Religion">Comparative Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="122" type="text/json">{"id":122,"name":"Comparative Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6260345]'), work: {"id":6260345,"title":"Islam, Democracy and Islamism after the Counterrevolution in Egypt","created_at":"2014-03-02T09:19:30.145-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6260345/Islam_Democracy_and_Islamism_after_the_Counterrevolution_in_Egypt?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_6260345","summary":"This paper examines the short-lived rule of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the Arab Spring and argues that the Muslim Brotherhood had abandoned Islamist values without embracing democratic ideals. It identifies a pathway to reform for the Brotherhood if it is serious about democratization. The paper insists that the failure of democracy in Egypt is not a judgement on the compatibility of Islam and democracy. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33115979,"asset_id":6260345,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3388,"first_name":"Muqtedar","last_name":"Khan","domain_name":"udel","page_name":"MuqtedarKhan","display_name":"Muqtedar Khan","profile_url":"https://udel.academia.edu/MuqtedarKhan?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3388/1418/93215313/s65_muqtedar.khan.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":122,"name":"Comparative Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":727,"name":"Development Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":736,"name":"Islamic Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":796,"name":"Comparative Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":941,"name":"Social Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":977,"name":"Development Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1031,"name":"Southeast Asian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Southeast_Asian_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1118,"name":"Political Participation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Participation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1166,"name":"International Relations Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1270,"name":"Arabic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1287,"name":"Political Parties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Parties?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1297,"name":"Democratic Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1483,"name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Policy_Analysis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1660,"name":"Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1720,"name":"International Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1911,"name":"International Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2016,"name":"Middle East \u0026 North Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_and_North_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2604,"name":"Israel Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2933,"name":"Democratic Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2993,"name":"Sociology of Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Knowledge?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3059,"name":"Religion and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3324,"name":"Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3705,"name":"International Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Security?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4487,"name":"Revolutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4524,"name":"Sustainable Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sustainable_Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4565,"name":"Law and Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_and_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4691,"name":"Psychology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4979,"name":"Islamic Contemporary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Contemporary_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4986,"name":"Public Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5091,"name":"Democratization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5272,"name":"Identity (Culture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_Culture_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5321,"name":"International Human Rights Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Human_Rights_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5323,"name":"Islam and Human Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_and_Human_Rights?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5523,"name":"Security Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5559,"name":"Political Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Culture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5675,"name":"Kalam (Islamic Theology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kalam_Islamic_Theology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5686,"name":"Political Violence and Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Violence_and_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5780,"name":"Ideology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ideology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5815,"name":"Identity politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6184,"name":"Israel/Palestine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel_Palestine?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6544,"name":"Islamic Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6739,"name":"Medieval Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7361,"name":"Pakistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7368,"name":"Science and Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_and_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7369,"name":"Political communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_communication?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7419,"name":"Islam in Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_Europe?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7554,"name":"Comparative Constitutional Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Constitutional_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7560,"name":"Public International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_International_Law?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7978,"name":"Political History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8700,"name":"Turkish and Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9450,"name":"Radicalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radicalization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9569,"name":"Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9819,"name":"Realism (Political Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Realism_Political_Science_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9868,"name":"Deliberative Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deliberative_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9919,"name":"Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Arabic_as_a_Foreign_Language_TAFL_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9997,"name":"Middle East Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10099,"name":"History of Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10104,"name":"Ancient Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10342,"name":"Political Violence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Violence?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10344,"name":"International Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10374,"name":"Middle Eastern Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Eastern_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10466,"name":"Media and Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_and_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11395,"name":"Economic Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12029,"name":"Modern Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12624,"name":"History of Political Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Political_Thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12809,"name":"Middle Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12978,"name":"Muslim Minorities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Minorities?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13099,"name":"Islam in the Southeast Asia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_the_Southeast_Asia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14104,"name":"Political Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14861,"name":"Arabian Gulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14970,"name":"Muslims in Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslims_in_Europe?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14974,"name":"Islam in Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_Turkey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16171,"name":"Islamic Political Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Political_Thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16598,"name":"Social movements and revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_movements_and_revolution?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16802,"name":"Islamic feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_feminism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17717,"name":"Turkish Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_Foreign_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18623,"name":"Middle East Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18825,"name":"Modern Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19004,"name":"Participatory Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20634,"name":"Muslim-Christian Relation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim-Christian_Relation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21923,"name":"Islamic Banking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Banking?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21928,"name":"Islamic Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":22075,"name":"Democratisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratisation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":22547,"name":"Social and Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Political_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23395,"name":"Jewish-Muslim Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Muslim_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24585,"name":"Political Islam in Turkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Islam_in_Turkey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25329,"name":"Islamic Economics and Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics_and_Finance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25399,"name":"Islamism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26067,"name":"Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26669,"name":"Counter terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Counter_terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28722,"name":"International Relations of Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_of_Middle_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29548,"name":"Christian-Muslim Dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian-Muslim_Dialogue?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29841,"name":"Public Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_Analysis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30571,"name":"Islamic Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Mysticism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":31886,"name":"Radical Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32641,"name":"World Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Religions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33180,"name":"Political Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36487,"name":"U.S. Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/U.S._Foreign_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36523,"name":"Ibn Arabi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ibn_Arabi?f_ri=9943"},{"id":37193,"name":"Islam in Indonesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_in_Indonesia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":38175,"name":"Comparative Historical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Historical_Analysis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":40114,"name":"Muslim Brotherhood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Brotherhood?f_ri=9943"},{"id":43520,"name":"Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45018,"name":"Islamic History and Muslim Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History_and_Muslim_Civilization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48150,"name":"Pakistan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pakistan_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49550,"name":"Arab world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_world?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50200,"name":"Arab-Israeli conflict","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab-Israeli_conflict?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52211,"name":"United Arab Emirates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_Arab_Emirates?f_ri=9943"},{"id":54312,"name":"Islam and Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam_and_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":55325,"name":"Jewish-Christian-Muslim relations in the Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-Christian-Muslim_relations_in_the_Middle_Ages?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":75837,"name":"Tunisia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tunisia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":80195,"name":"Salafi-jihadist groups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salafi-jihadist_groups?f_ri=9943"},{"id":120972,"name":"Muslims","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslims?f_ri=9943"},{"id":130397,"name":"Democracia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":147675,"name":"Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the Egyptian revolution 2011","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Brotherhood_in_Egypt_after_the_Egyptian_revolution_2011?f_ri=9943"},{"id":169060,"name":"Salafi-Jihadi Ideology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Salafi-Jihadi_Ideology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":169938,"name":"Arab Spring (Arab Revolts)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_Spring_Arab_Revolts_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":195451,"name":"Counter Radicalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Counter_Radicalization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":201384,"name":"Theory and politics of multiculturalism, ethno-religious identities, national identity, Islamophobia, soci-economic disadvantage and secularism, with especial reference to British Asian Muslims.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_and_politics_of_multiculturalism_ethno-religious_identities_national_identity_Islamophobia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":220464,"name":"Politics and International relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics_and_International_relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":221196,"name":"Tunisian Revolution-Arab Spring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tunisian_Revolution-Arab_Spring?f_ri=9943"},{"id":351170,"name":"Hukum Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hukum_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":374844,"name":"Democracy and Citizenship Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_and_Citizenship_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":397817,"name":"Islamist movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamist_movements?f_ri=9943"},{"id":403575,"name":"Pendidikan Agama Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pendidikan_Agama_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":469642,"name":"Jihadism and Radical Islamism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jihadism_and_Radical_Islamism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":619396,"name":"Anthropology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":638772,"name":"Islamist Political Parties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamist_Political_Parties?f_ri=9943"},{"id":761870,"name":"Terrorism and Counterterrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism_and_Counterterrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":865888,"name":"Radical Islamist Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Islamist_Movements?f_ri=9943"},{"id":885898,"name":"Islamists","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamists?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1133854,"name":"Nahda Movements In Egypt and Tunisia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nahda_Movements_In_Egypt_and_Tunisia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223709,"name":"Islamic law and jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_law_and_jurisprudence-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223710,"name":"Muslim philosophy and thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_philosophy_and_thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1223711,"name":"Contemporary Muslim society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Muslim_society?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1444637,"name":"Ikhwanul Muslimin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ikhwanul_Muslimin?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_378186" data-work_id="378186" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/378186/_The_state_and_the_organization_of_the_rural_landscape_in_3rd_millennium_BC_pharaonic_Egypt_In_M_Bollig_O_Bubenzer_R_Vogelsang_H_P_Wotzka_ed_Aridity_Change_and_Conflict_in_Africa_Colloquium_Africanum_2_Heinrich_Barth_Institute_Cologne_2007_p_313_330">"The state and the organization of the rural landscape in 3rd millennium BC pharaonic Egypt". In: M. Bollig, O. Bubenzer, R. Vogelsang, H.-P. Wotzka (ed.), Aridity, Change and Conflict in Africa (Colloquium Africanum, 2), Heinrich Barth Institute, Cologne, 2007, p. 313-330.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/378186" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c763df62380d4a3e11e467daaabd2332" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57634371,"asset_id":378186,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57634371/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_378186 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="378186"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 378186, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_378186", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_378186 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 378186; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_378186"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_378186 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="378186"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 378186; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=378186]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_378186").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_378186").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="378186"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="397" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology">Near Eastern Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="397" type="text/json">{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=378186]'), work: {"id":378186,"title":"\"The state and the organization of the rural landscape in 3rd millennium BC pharaonic Egypt\". In: M. Bollig, O. Bubenzer, R. Vogelsang, H.-P. Wotzka (ed.), Aridity, Change and Conflict in Africa (Colloquium Africanum, 2), Heinrich Barth Institute, Cologne, 2007, p. 313-330.","created_at":"2010-11-28T01:10:10.734-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/378186/_The_state_and_the_organization_of_the_rural_landscape_in_3rd_millennium_BC_pharaonic_Egypt_In_M_Bollig_O_Bubenzer_R_Vogelsang_H_P_Wotzka_ed_Aridity_Change_and_Conflict_in_Africa_Colloquium_Africanum_2_Heinrich_Barth_Institute_Cologne_2007_p_313_330?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_378186","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57634371,"asset_id":378186,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3619,"name":"Rural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30805,"name":"Early Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49014,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52227,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":134001,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Settlement Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Settlement_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18645627" data-work_id="18645627" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18645627/Music_dance_and_instruments_in_Ancient_Egypt_English_Translation_">Music, dance and instruments in Ancient Egypt (English Translation)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study starts clarifying where and why people learned music. It will then deal with chant that precede any other human instruments, and dance, a body language for music that was performed by professionals sought by broad social... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18645627" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study starts clarifying where and why people learned music. It will then deal with chant that precede any other human instruments, and dance, a body language for music that was performed by professionals sought by broad social categories. After having covered various aspects of the repertory and clothing, we will discuss the function of music. We will see then the first attempt of polyphony, although it cannot be considered as such, as it does not fit the harmonic requisites nowadays. Additionally, the notation assumes a progress we had no idea about, as the chironomes -people speaking about music through body gestures- have not had been studied enough. Finally, we shall identify the main instruments of the Old Kingdom according to their families and will refer to their manufacture and importance.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18645627" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="630592daaa5d41dea3eabb63a959e948" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40178213,"asset_id":18645627,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40178213/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18345297" href="https://uspceu-es.academia.edu/CarlosBoneteVizca%C3%ADno">Carlos Bonete Vizcaíno</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18345297" type="text/json">{"id":18345297,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Bonete Vizcaíno","domain_name":"uspceu-es","page_name":"CarlosBoneteVizcaíno","display_name":"Carlos Bonete Vizcaíno","profile_url":"https://uspceu-es.academia.edu/CarlosBoneteVizca%C3%ADno?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18345297/5127503/15309962/s65_carlos.bonete_vizca_no.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18645627 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18645627"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18645627, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18645627", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18645627 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18645627; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18645627"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18645627 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18645627"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18645627; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18645627]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18645627").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18645627").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18645627"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="671" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music">Music</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="671" type="text/json">{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18645627]'), work: {"id":18645627,"title":"Music, dance and instruments in Ancient Egypt (English Translation)","created_at":"2015-11-19T10:08:52.796-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18645627/Music_dance_and_instruments_in_Ancient_Egypt_English_Translation_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_18645627","summary":"The study starts clarifying where and why people learned music. It will then deal with chant that precede any other human instruments, and dance, a body language for music that was performed by professionals sought by broad social categories. After having covered various aspects of the repertory and clothing, we will discuss the function of music. We will see then the first attempt of polyphony, although it cannot be considered as such, as it does not fit the harmonic requisites nowadays. Additionally, the notation assumes a progress we had no idea about, as the chironomes -people speaking about music through body gestures- have not had been studied enough. Finally, we shall identify the main instruments of the Old Kingdom according to their families and will refer to their manufacture and importance.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40178213,"asset_id":18645627,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18345297,"first_name":"Carlos","last_name":"Bonete Vizcaíno","domain_name":"uspceu-es","page_name":"CarlosBoneteVizcaíno","display_name":"Carlos Bonete Vizcaíno","profile_url":"https://uspceu-es.academia.edu/CarlosBoneteVizca%C3%ADno?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18345297/5127503/15309962/s65_carlos.bonete_vizca_no.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":685,"name":"Music History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":687,"name":"Musicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musicology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30530,"name":"History of music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_music?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36253,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Magical Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Magical_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":105585,"name":"Dance and Music in the Ancient World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dance_and_Music_in_the_Ancient_World?f_ri=9943"},{"id":501757,"name":"Ancient Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Music?f_ri=9943"},{"id":592567,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Music?f_ri=9943"},{"id":659721,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Musical Instruments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Musical_Instruments?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30336006" data-work_id="30336006" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30336006/Egyptian_Society_Under_Ottoman_Rule_1517_1798_By_Michael_Winter">Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule: 1517–1798, By: Michael Winter</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The history of Egypt under Ottoman rule is one of the least studied chapters of the history of that country in the Muslim era. Egypt was ruled by the Mamluk sultans for 267 years (1250–1517); it was an Ottoman province for 281 years (from... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30336006" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The history of Egypt under Ottoman rule is one of the least studied<br />chapters of the history of that country in the Muslim era. Egypt was<br />ruled by the Mamluk sultans for 267 years (1250–1517); it was an<br />Ottoman province for 281 years (from the overthrow of the Mamluk<br />Sultanate by Selim I in 1517 until the French invasion in 1798; formally,<br />Egypt remained a part of the Ottoman Empire until World War I).<br />Nevertheless, the Mamluk period has been more thoroughly studied<br />than the Ottoman period. The reasons seem obvious. In the former,<br />Egypt was the center of an empire; in the following three centuries, it<br />was a province. This change in Egypt’s status may account, at least<br />partially, for the wealth of historical sources—primarily chronicles and<br />biographical dictionaries—for the Mamluk period in comparison with<br />the Ottoman period. Nevertheless, the study of the history of Ottoman<br />Egypt is a challenging and rewarding task. For these three centuries we<br />have archival source materials—Turkish, Arabic and European<br />(primarily French)—which are almost totally absent for Mamluk times.<br />The travel accounts describing Ottoman Egypt written by Turkish,<br />North African and European visitors are superior in quantity and quality<br />to what is extant from the Mamluk Sultanate.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30336006" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="656ee58c50d71b56463feaa64cd8e9f2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50789548,"asset_id":30336006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50789548/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26189388" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian">Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26189388" type="text/json">{"id":26189388,"first_name":"Garabet","last_name":"Moumdjian, Ph.D.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GarabetMoumdjian","display_name":"Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26189388/7205849/68487814/s65_garabet.moumdjian_ph.d..png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30336006 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30336006"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30336006, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30336006", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30336006 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30336006; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30336006"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30336006 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30336006"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30336006; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30336006]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30336006").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30336006").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30336006"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1187" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History">Ottoman History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1187" type="text/json">{"id":1187,"name":"Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8122" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies">Ottoman Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8122" type="text/json">{"id":8122,"name":"Ottoman Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11208" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Empire">Ottoman Empire</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11208" type="text/json">{"id":11208,"name":"Ottoman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Empire?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30336006]'), work: {"id":30336006,"title":"Egyptian Society Under Ottoman Rule: 1517–1798, By: Michael Winter","created_at":"2016-12-08T11:53:32.931-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30336006/Egyptian_Society_Under_Ottoman_Rule_1517_1798_By_Michael_Winter?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_30336006","summary":"The history of Egypt under Ottoman rule is one of the least studied\nchapters of the history of that country in the Muslim era. Egypt was\nruled by the Mamluk sultans for 267 years (1250–1517); it was an\nOttoman province for 281 years (from the overthrow of the Mamluk\nSultanate by Selim I in 1517 until the French invasion in 1798; formally,\nEgypt remained a part of the Ottoman Empire until World War I).\nNevertheless, the Mamluk period has been more thoroughly studied\nthan the Ottoman period. The reasons seem obvious. In the former,\nEgypt was the center of an empire; in the following three centuries, it\nwas a province. This change in Egypt’s status may account, at least\npartially, for the wealth of historical sources—primarily chronicles and\nbiographical dictionaries—for the Mamluk period in comparison with\nthe Ottoman period. Nevertheless, the study of the history of Ottoman\nEgypt is a challenging and rewarding task. For these three centuries we\nhave archival source materials—Turkish, Arabic and European\n(primarily French)—which are almost totally absent for Mamluk times.\nThe travel accounts describing Ottoman Egypt written by Turkish,\nNorth African and European visitors are superior in quantity and quality\nto what is extant from the Mamluk Sultanate.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50789548,"asset_id":30336006,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26189388,"first_name":"Garabet","last_name":"Moumdjian, Ph.D.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GarabetMoumdjian","display_name":"Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26189388/7205849/68487814/s65_garabet.moumdjian_ph.d..png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1187,"name":"Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":8122,"name":"Ottoman Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":11208,"name":"Ottoman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Empire?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15129,"name":"Early modern Ottoman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_modern_Ottoman_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15286,"name":"Ottoman Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Historiography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26643,"name":"Ottoman Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Military_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":31467,"name":"Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_and_Social_History_of_the_Ottoman_Empire?f_ri=9943"},{"id":59384,"name":"Ottoman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ottoman_Egypt?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3632527" data-work_id="3632527" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3632527/La_Paleta_de_Narmer_y_el_vaso_Uruk_Ejemplos_de_la_memoria_cultural_en_los_procesos_formativos_del_Estado_en_Egipto_y_Uruk">La Paleta de Narmer y el vaso Uruk. Ejemplos de la memoria cultural en los procesos formativos del Estado en Egipto y Uruk</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Narmer palette and the Uruk vase are two ideological and artistic manifestations that embrody ideas, realities and concerns that will be present in the cultural memory of Pharaonic Egypt and Mesopotamia for millennia. The purpose of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3632527" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Narmer palette and the Uruk vase are two ideological and artistic manifestations that embrody ideas, realities and concerns that will be present in the cultural memory of Pharaonic Egypt and Mesopotamia for millennia. The purpose of this article is to deeper its meaning and analize messages that both objects issued to their respective societies</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3632527" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a1f1321d658892f6bfeae68e2510c3a1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31905083,"asset_id":3632527,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31905083/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="377292" href="https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/AntonioPerezLargacha">Antonio Perez Largacha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="377292" type="text/json">{"id":377292,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Perez Largacha","domain_name":"universidadinternacionaldelarioja","page_name":"AntonioPerezLargacha","display_name":"Antonio Perez Largacha","profile_url":"https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/AntonioPerezLargacha?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3632527 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3632527"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3632527, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3632527", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3632527 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3632527; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3632527"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3632527 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3632527"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3632527; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3632527]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3632527").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3632527").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3632527"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3791" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Archaeology">Mesopotamian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3791" type="text/json">{"id":3791,"name":"Mesopotamian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3632527]'), work: {"id":3632527,"title":"La Paleta de Narmer y el vaso Uruk. Ejemplos de la memoria cultural en los procesos formativos del Estado en Egipto y Uruk","created_at":"2013-05-30T17:25:09.083-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3632527/La_Paleta_de_Narmer_y_el_vaso_Uruk_Ejemplos_de_la_memoria_cultural_en_los_procesos_formativos_del_Estado_en_Egipto_y_Uruk?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_3632527","summary":"The Narmer palette and the Uruk vase are two ideological and artistic manifestations that embrody ideas, realities and concerns that will be present in the cultural memory of Pharaonic Egypt and Mesopotamia for millennia. The purpose of this article is to deeper its meaning and analize messages that both objects issued to their respective societies","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31905083,"asset_id":3632527,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":377292,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Perez Largacha","domain_name":"universidadinternacionaldelarioja","page_name":"AntonioPerezLargacha","display_name":"Antonio Perez Largacha","profile_url":"https://universidadinternacionaldelarioja.academia.edu/AntonioPerezLargacha?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3791,"name":"Mesopotamian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26187,"name":"Predynastic (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51296,"name":"Early State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_State_Formation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":90021,"name":"Uruk Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uruk_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":478425,"name":"Late Chalcolithic, Uruk expansion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Chalcolithic_Uruk_expansion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":510723,"name":"The Narmer Palette","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Narmer_Palette?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_234203" data-work_id="234203" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/234203/The_rebellion_of_Inaros_against_Artaxerxes_I_and_the_Athenian_Disaster_in_Egypt_">The rebellion of Inaros against Artaxerxes I and the Athenian Disaster in Egypt",</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Inaros, son of Psammetichus, an Egyptian ruler of Libyan descent, rebelled against his overlord Artaxerxes I. The purpose of this paper is to re-evaluate the conven- tionally accepted dates of this event. It is commonly held that Inaros... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_234203" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Inaros, son of Psammetichus, an Egyptian ruler of Libyan descent, rebelled against his overlord Artaxerxes I. The purpose of this paper is to re-evaluate the conven- <br />tionally accepted dates of this event. It is commonly held that Inaros rebelled on hearing about the death of Xerxes, King of Persia in 465/4 B.C. The ensuing struggle between Persia and Egypt, supported by Athenian allies, is commonly dated between 460/59 and 454 B.C. This reconstruction of dates and events is based on acceptance of the version given by Thucydides, his interpretation of the political situation in Greece and his chronological order of events. The reconstruction of the rebellion of Inaros here will be based on Diodorus Siculus, Thucydides and Ctesias, but also on Aramaic and Egyptian documents from Egypt written in demotic script.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/234203" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fecb5a08f74edd0ebbf537330047bbfb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":942799,"asset_id":234203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/942799/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181754" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn">Dan'el Kahn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181754" type="text/json">{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_234203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="234203"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 234203, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_234203", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_234203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 234203; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_234203"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_234203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="234203"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 234203; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=234203]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_234203").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_234203").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="234203"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14735" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_Persia">Achaemenid Persia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14735" type="text/json">{"id":14735,"name":"Achaemenid Persia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_Persia?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21248" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thucydides">Thucydides</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21248" type="text/json">{"id":21248,"name":"Thucydides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thucydides?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33399" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus">Herodotus</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="33399" type="text/json">{"id":33399,"name":"Herodotus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=234203]'), work: {"id":234203,"title":"The rebellion of Inaros against Artaxerxes I and the Athenian Disaster in Egypt\",","created_at":"2010-05-06T21:13:19.899-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/234203/The_rebellion_of_Inaros_against_Artaxerxes_I_and_the_Athenian_Disaster_in_Egypt_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_234203","summary":"Inaros, son of Psammetichus, an Egyptian ruler of Libyan descent, rebelled against his overlord Artaxerxes I. The purpose of this paper is to re-evaluate the conven-\r\ntionally accepted dates of this event. It is commonly held that Inaros rebelled on hearing about the death of Xerxes, King of Persia in 465/4 B.C. The ensuing struggle between Persia and Egypt, supported by Athenian allies, is commonly dated between 460/59 and 454 B.C. This reconstruction of dates and events is based on acceptance of the version given by Thucydides, his interpretation of the political situation in Greece and his chronological order of events. The reconstruction of the rebellion of Inaros here will be based on Diodorus Siculus, Thucydides and Ctesias, but also on Aramaic and Egyptian documents from Egypt written in demotic script.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":942799,"asset_id":234203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":14735,"name":"Achaemenid Persia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_Persia?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":21248,"name":"Thucydides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thucydides?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":33399,"name":"Herodotus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":49915,"name":"Herodotus, Thucydides, and Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus_Thucydides_and_Historiography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":198348,"name":"Ctesias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ctesias?f_ri=9943"},{"id":283546,"name":"Xerxes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xerxes?f_ri=9943"},{"id":557300,"name":"27th Dynasty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/27th_Dynasty?f_ri=9943"},{"id":585626,"name":"Artaxerxes I","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artaxerxes_I?f_ri=9943"},{"id":585627,"name":"Inaros","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inaros?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_239671" data-work_id="239671" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/239671/Swimmers_in_the_Sand_On_the_Neolithic_Origins_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Mythology_and_Symbolism">Swimmers in the Sand. On the Neolithic Origins of Ancient Egyptian Mythology and Symbolism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Swimmers in the Sand. On the Neolithic Origins of Ancient Egyptian Mythology and Symbolism • Hardcover: 112 pages • Publisher: Dryada (April 23, 2010) • Language: English • ISBN-10: 8087025261 • ISBN-13: 978-8087025260 •... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_239671" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Swimmers in the Sand. On the Neolithic Origins of Ancient Egyptian Mythology and Symbolism <br /> <br />• Hardcover: 112 pages <br />• Publisher: Dryada (April 23, 2010) <br />• Language: English <br />• ISBN-10: 8087025261 <br />• ISBN-13: 978-8087025260 <br />• Product Dimensions: 10.7 x 9.9 x 0.8 inches <br /> <br />Author: Miroslav Bárta, photographs Martin Frouz <br />The book is printed on a certified FSC paper <br />Distribution: <a href="http://www.amazon.com" rel="nofollow">www.amazon.com</a> <br /> <br /> <br />The origins of ancient Egyptian civilisation have been attracting the attention of archaeologist ever since the beginnings of Egyptology more than 200 years ago. This book presents a new and original interpretation of the rock art in Egyptian Western Desert which is of a key importance for our understanding of the roots of ancient Egyptian civilisation. Indeed, her very origins can be most likely dated to the 6th millennium B.C. In this time and the centuries to follow the paintings in the Cave of the Swimmers known from a blockbuster English Patient and in the Cave of Beasts discovered only few years ago were created. These caves are located in a distant and hardly accessible part of Egypt, on the border of Egypt, Libya and Sudan. <br /> <br />The rock-art preserved in these caves features several unique motifs that will become cornerstone of ancient Egyptian iconography and mythology. Among them may be named the motif of the sky goddess and the earth god, prototypic representation of an ancient chieftain in the much later pharaonic guise or the concept of cave creatures protecting the entrance to the Netherworld.  <br /> <br />During the Fifth and Fourth millennia B.C. the vast areas of Western Desert suffered from a major depredation of climate that most likely caused a gradual evacuation of the region and instigated appearance of permanent settlements in the Nile valley which led to genesis of ancient Egyptian culture.  The present study aims to present a theory according to which at least some parts of the discussed rock art in the Western Desert was created by an ancient mind that later on contributed to the intellectual emergence of ancient Egyptian civilisation in the Nile valley. <br /> <br /> <br />"</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/239671" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d8426b2fb6ac7b3a1e623d58c61a6dd7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34334023,"asset_id":239671,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34334023/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60098" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/MiroslavBarta">Miroslav Barta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60098" type="text/json">{"id":60098,"first_name":"Miroslav","last_name":"Barta","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MiroslavBarta","display_name":"Miroslav Barta","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MiroslavBarta?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60098/84125/92012/s65_miroslav.barta.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_239671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="239671"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 239671, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_239671", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_239671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 239671; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_239671"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_239671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="239671"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 239671; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=239671]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_239671").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_239671").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="239671"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">35</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="217" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion">Sociology of Religion</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="217" type="text/json">{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=239671]'), work: {"id":239671,"title":"Swimmers in the Sand. On the Neolithic Origins of Ancient Egyptian Mythology and Symbolism","created_at":"2010-05-26T02:09:32.752-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/239671/Swimmers_in_the_Sand_On_the_Neolithic_Origins_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Mythology_and_Symbolism?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_239671","summary":"Swimmers in the Sand. On the Neolithic Origins of Ancient Egyptian Mythology and Symbolism\r\n\r\n•\tHardcover: 112 pages \r\n•\tPublisher: Dryada (April 23, 2010) \r\n•\tLanguage: English \r\n•\tISBN-10: 8087025261 \r\n•\tISBN-13: 978-8087025260 \r\n•\tProduct Dimensions: 10.7 x 9.9 x 0.8 inches \r\n\r\nAuthor: Miroslav Bárta, photographs Martin Frouz\r\nThe book is printed on a certified FSC paper\r\nDistribution: www.amazon.com \r\n\r\n\r\nThe origins of ancient Egyptian civilisation have been attracting the attention of archaeologist ever since the beginnings of Egyptology more than 200 years ago. This book presents a new and original interpretation of the rock art in Egyptian Western Desert which is of a key importance for our understanding of the roots of ancient Egyptian civilisation. Indeed, her very origins can be most likely dated to the 6th millennium B.C. In this time and the centuries to follow the paintings in the Cave of the Swimmers known from a blockbuster English Patient and in the Cave of Beasts discovered only few years ago were created. These caves are located in a distant and hardly accessible part of Egypt, on the border of Egypt, Libya and Sudan. \r\n\r\nThe rock-art preserved in these caves features several unique motifs that will become cornerstone of ancient Egyptian iconography and mythology. Among them may be named the motif of the sky goddess and the earth god, prototypic representation of an ancient chieftain in the much later pharaonic guise or the concept of cave creatures protecting the entrance to the Netherworld. \r\n\r\nDuring the Fifth and Fourth millennia B.C. the vast areas of Western Desert suffered from a major depredation of climate that most likely caused a gradual evacuation of the region and instigated appearance of permanent settlements in the Nile valley which led to genesis of ancient Egyptian culture. The present study aims to present a theory according to which at least some parts of the discussed rock art in the Western Desert was created by an ancient mind that later on contributed to the intellectual emergence of ancient Egyptian civilisation in the Nile valley. \r\n\r\n\r\n\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34334023,"asset_id":239671,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60098,"first_name":"Miroslav","last_name":"Barta","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MiroslavBarta","display_name":"Miroslav Barta","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MiroslavBarta?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60098/84125/92012/s65_miroslav.barta.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3255,"name":"Climate Change Adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change_Adaptation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3834,"name":"Rock Art (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rock_Art_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3895,"name":"Pastoralism in Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_in_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5272,"name":"Identity (Culture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_Culture_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11199,"name":"Neolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14401,"name":"Religion and ritual in prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_ritual_in_prehistory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14439,"name":"Saharan Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saharan_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19335,"name":"Ancient myth and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_myth_and_religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26309,"name":"Kingship (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kingship_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27936,"name":"Archaeology of Caves and Caverns (Archaeospeleology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Caves_and_Caverns_Archaeospeleology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33710,"name":"North African prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_African_prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34817,"name":"Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":63625,"name":"African Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":69776,"name":"Egyptology - temple \u0026 tomb reliefs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology_-_temple_and_tomb_reliefs?f_ri=9943"},{"id":78965,"name":"Holocene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocene?f_ri=9943"},{"id":178039,"name":"Western Desert of Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Western_Desert_of_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":477207,"name":"Gilf Kebir","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gilf_Kebir?f_ri=9943"},{"id":931864,"name":"Nomadic/Indigenous People","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nomadic_Indigenous_People?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22445515" data-work_id="22445515" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22445515/_%E1%B8%A4wt_j%E1%B8%A5_w_t_the_administration_of_the_Western_Delta_and_the_Libyan_question_in_the_third_millennium_BC_The_Journal_of_Egyptian_Archaeology_101_2015_25_61">"Ḥwt jḥ(w)t, the administration of the Western Delta and the 'Libyan question' in the third millennium BC", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 101 (2015), 25-61.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Third millennium Ḥwt jḥ(w)t is a locality that stands apart from other Lower Egyptian sites. Its unique archaeological and epigraphic record provides an invaluable view of the role played by a Delta centre within the administrative and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22445515" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Third millennium Ḥwt jḥ(w)t is a locality that stands apart from other Lower Egyptian sites. Its unique archaeological and epigraphic record provides an invaluable view of the role played by a Delta centre within the administrative and productive organisation of the kingdom in the third millennium BC. It thus appears that Ḥwt jḥ(w)t was a kind of checkpoint regulating access to grazing land and plant resources in the underpopulated Western Delta. Furthermore, this was a region where Libyan populations historically settled and exploited its pasture land. Finally, traces of exchange networks in the hands of both mobile desert populations (Libyans in the oases and the north, Nubians in the south) and autonomous Egyptians, apparently operating outside any institutional framework, are becoming increasingly evident across Egypt. The resulting picture is that of a complex interaction of partly complementary, partly competing interests involving nomad pastoral populations, Egyptian settlers, and the Pharaonic state. Occasional conflicts should therefore be interpreted in the light of such interests, as the consequence of competing strategies seeking to control local resources, exchange networks and flows of wealth. Thus, concepts such as 'Libyan invasions', stereotyped views of Libyans as poor wandering nomads, or the alleged contrast between sedentary Egyptians and nomad Libyans as distinct, opposed ethnic and productive entities should also be revised.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22445515" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95f2f61828469f92080b4b2beeb1e8d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57634301,"asset_id":22445515,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57634301/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22445515 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22445515"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22445515, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22445515", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_22445515 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22445515; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22445515"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22445515 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22445515"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22445515; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22445515]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22445515").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22445515").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22445515"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="397" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology">Near Eastern Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="397" type="text/json">{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1271" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies">Near Eastern Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1271" type="text/json">{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22445515]'), work: {"id":22445515,"title":"\"Ḥwt jḥ(w)t, the administration of the Western Delta and the 'Libyan question' in the third millennium BC\", The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 101 (2015), 25-61.","created_at":"2016-02-25T11:02:13.577-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22445515/_%E1%B8%A4wt_j%E1%B8%A5_w_t_the_administration_of_the_Western_Delta_and_the_Libyan_question_in_the_third_millennium_BC_The_Journal_of_Egyptian_Archaeology_101_2015_25_61?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_22445515","summary":"Third millennium Ḥwt jḥ(w)t is a locality that stands apart from other Lower Egyptian sites. Its unique archaeological and epigraphic record provides an invaluable view of the role played by a Delta centre within the administrative and productive organisation of the kingdom in the third millennium BC. It thus appears that Ḥwt jḥ(w)t was a kind of checkpoint regulating access to grazing land and plant resources in the underpopulated Western Delta. Furthermore, this was a region where Libyan populations historically settled and exploited its pasture land. Finally, traces of exchange networks in the hands of both mobile desert populations (Libyans in the oases and the north, Nubians in the south) and autonomous Egyptians, apparently operating outside any institutional framework, are becoming increasingly evident across Egypt. The resulting picture is that of a complex interaction of partly complementary, partly competing interests involving nomad pastoral populations, Egyptian settlers, and the Pharaonic state. Occasional conflicts should therefore be interpreted in the light of such interests, as the consequence of competing strategies seeking to control local resources, exchange networks and flows of wealth. Thus, concepts such as 'Libyan invasions', stereotyped views of Libyans as poor wandering nomads, or the alleged contrast between sedentary Egyptians and nomad Libyans as distinct, opposed ethnic and productive entities should also be revised.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57634301,"asset_id":22445515,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3619,"name":"Rural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3693,"name":"Pastoralism (Social Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_Social_Anthropology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7232,"name":"Landscape History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_History-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28797,"name":"Nomadism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nomadism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32305,"name":"Pastoralism (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pastoralism_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33108,"name":"Ancient Trade \u0026 Commerce (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Trade_and_Commerce_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36718,"name":"Libyan archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libyan_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":588655,"name":"Landscape and Land-use-history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_and_Land-use-history?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_234995" data-work_id="234995" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/234995/Taharqa_King_of_Kush_and_the_Assyrians">Taharqa, King of Kush and the Assyrians</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this article the relationships between Esarhaddon, king of Assyria (681-669 B.C.) and Taharqa, King of Kush (690-664 B.C.) are surveyed. The years between 690-683 are regarded as years of peace, while Kushite intervention in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_234995" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this article the relationships between Esarhaddon, king of Assyria (681-669 B.C.) and Taharqa, <br />King of Kush (690-664 B.C.) are surveyed. The years between 690-683 are regarded as years of <br />peace, while Kushite intervention in the Levant from 683 and probably until 679 prompted Assyria <br />to react and gain control over the Levant and finally conquer Egypt. This conquest is reflected in the <br />Assyrian Royal Inscriptions and Annals of Esarhaddon. An extraordinary prayer by Taharqa to <br />Amun, previously dated by P. Vernus to 677/6-674/3 B. C., records Taharqa's defeat and the capture <br />of his crown-prince, Ushanhuru in 671 B.C. and Taharqa's request from Amun to guard the life of <br />his sons and concubines and to return things to their previous state of affairs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/234995" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="155571fa81e4d297a3968dba4562a39f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":944218,"asset_id":234995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/944218/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181754" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn">Dan'el Kahn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181754" type="text/json">{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_234995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="234995"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 234995, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_234995", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_234995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 234995; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_234995"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_234995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="234995"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 234995; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=234995]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_234995").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_234995").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="234995"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush">Kush</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27414" type="text/json">{"id":27414,"name":"Kush","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_">25th Dynasty (Egyptology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33131" type="text/json">{"id":33131,"name":"25th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36417" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyrian_Empire">Assyrian Empire</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36417" type="text/json">{"id":36417,"name":"Assyrian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyrian_Empire?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=234995]'), work: {"id":234995,"title":"Taharqa, King of Kush and the Assyrians","created_at":"2010-05-09T04:46:23.700-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/234995/Taharqa_King_of_Kush_and_the_Assyrians?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_234995","summary":"In this article the relationships between Esarhaddon, king of Assyria (681-669 B.C.) and Taharqa,\r\nKing of Kush (690-664 B.C.) are surveyed. The years between 690-683 are regarded as years of\r\npeace, while Kushite intervention in the Levant from 683 and probably until 679 prompted Assyria\r\nto react and gain control over the Levant and finally conquer Egypt. This conquest is reflected in the\r\nAssyrian Royal Inscriptions and Annals of Esarhaddon. An extraordinary prayer by Taharqa to\r\nAmun, previously dated by P. Vernus to 677/6-674/3 B. C., records Taharqa's defeat and the capture\r\nof his crown-prince, Ushanhuru in 671 B.C. and Taharqa's request from Amun to guard the life of\r\nhis sons and concubines and to return things to their previous state of affairs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":944218,"asset_id":234995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":27414,"name":"Kush","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":33131,"name":"25th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":36417,"name":"Assyrian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyrian_Empire?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":109104,"name":"Taharqa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taharqa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":115939,"name":"Esarhaddon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Esarhaddon?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35561019" data-work_id="35561019" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35561019/Black_Ships_and_Sea_Raiders_The_Late_Bronze_and_Early_Iron_Age_Context_of_Odysseus_Second_Cretan_Lie_Lanham_Rowman_and_Littlefield_2017">Black Ships and Sea Raiders: The Late Bronze and Early Iron Age Context of Odysseus' Second Cretan Lie (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield), 2017</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Late Bronze Age ended with a bang in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean: palaces and empires collapsed, from Greece to Egypt; coastal territories were beset by pirates and marauders; migratory peoples were on the move across land... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35561019" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Late Bronze Age ended with a bang in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean: palaces and empires collapsed, from Greece to Egypt; coastal territories were beset by pirates and marauders; migratory peoples were on the move across land and sea; and geopolitical lines were permanently redrawn – conditions reflected, in many ways, by the world portrayed in Homer’s Odyssey. The notorious ‘Sea Peoples,’ mysterious groups of warriors who were credited by the pharaoh Ramesses III with destroying empires across the Near East at this time, fit into this puzzle in some way, although their exact role continues to be hotly debated. In the Odyssey’s various subplots, Odysseus himself carries out activities that are that highly reminiscent of the Sea Peoples, as he engages in raids and skirmishes while circuitously making his way back from Troy. Though it is presented as a falsehood within Homer’s master narrative, one such subplot, the “Second Cretan Lie” (Odyssey xiv 191–359) is striking in its similarity to the experience of one specific Sea Peoples group, whom Egyptian pharaohs referred to as the "Sherden of the Sea", and whose seaborne attacks they claimed that “none could withstand.” <br />This book marshals documentary, pictorial, and material evidence to examine Odysseus’ Second Cretan Lie in the context of the Late Bronze–Iron Age transition, with particular emphasis on changes in the iconography of warriors and warfare, social and economic upheaval, and remarkable innovation in maritime technology and tactics. Particular focus is given the hero’s description of his frequent raiding activities, including an ill–fated attempt on the Nile Delta, and on his description of seven subsequent years spent in the land of the pharaohs, during which he claims to have gathered great wealth. Setting the evidence for the Sherden of the Sea against this Homeric narrative demonstrates not only that Odysseus’ Second Cretan Lie fits into the temporal framework of the Late Bronze–Early Iron Age transition, but that there were historical people who actually lived that which Odysseus falsely claims as his own experience.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35561019" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b2c7cc54e9a72a12611a752ce6f5dd6d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55426597,"asset_id":35561019,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55426597/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="473195" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/JeffEmanuel">Jeff Emanuel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="473195" type="text/json">{"id":473195,"first_name":"Jeff","last_name":"Emanuel","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"JeffEmanuel","display_name":"Jeff Emanuel","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/JeffEmanuel?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/473195/6995110/13718864/s65_jeff.emanuel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35561019 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35561019"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35561019, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35561019", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35561019 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35561019; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35561019"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35561019 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35561019"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35561019; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35561019]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35561019").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35561019").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35561019"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">72</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore">Mythology And Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123" type="text/json">{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35561019]'), work: {"id":35561019,"title":"Black Ships and Sea Raiders: The Late Bronze and Early Iron Age Context of Odysseus' Second Cretan Lie (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield), 2017","created_at":"2018-01-02T11:28:50.874-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35561019/Black_Ships_and_Sea_Raiders_The_Late_Bronze_and_Early_Iron_Age_Context_of_Odysseus_Second_Cretan_Lie_Lanham_Rowman_and_Littlefield_2017?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_35561019","summary":"The Late Bronze Age ended with a bang in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean: palaces and empires collapsed, from Greece to Egypt; coastal territories were beset by pirates and marauders; migratory peoples were on the move across land and sea; and geopolitical lines were permanently redrawn – conditions reflected, in many ways, by the world portrayed in Homer’s Odyssey. The notorious ‘Sea Peoples,’ mysterious groups of warriors who were credited by the pharaoh Ramesses III with destroying empires across the Near East at this time, fit into this puzzle in some way, although their exact role continues to be hotly debated. In the Odyssey’s various subplots, Odysseus himself carries out activities that are that highly reminiscent of the Sea Peoples, as he engages in raids and skirmishes while circuitously making his way back from Troy. Though it is presented as a falsehood within Homer’s master narrative, one such subplot, the “Second Cretan Lie” (Odyssey xiv 191–359) is striking in its similarity to the experience of one specific Sea Peoples group, whom Egyptian pharaohs referred to as the \"Sherden of the Sea\", and whose seaborne attacks they claimed that “none could withstand.” \nThis book marshals documentary, pictorial, and material evidence to examine Odysseus’ Second Cretan Lie in the context of the Late Bronze–Iron Age transition, with particular emphasis on changes in the iconography of warriors and warfare, social and economic upheaval, and remarkable innovation in maritime technology and tactics. Particular focus is given the hero’s description of his frequent raiding activities, including an ill–fated attempt on the Nile Delta, and on his description of seven subsequent years spent in the land of the pharaohs, during which he claims to have gathered great wealth. Setting the evidence for the Sherden of the Sea against this Homeric narrative demonstrates not only that Odysseus’ Second Cretan Lie fits into the temporal framework of the Late Bronze–Early Iron Age transition, but that there were historical people who actually lived that which Odysseus falsely claims as his own experience. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55426597,"asset_id":35561019,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":473195,"first_name":"Jeff","last_name":"Emanuel","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"JeffEmanuel","display_name":"Jeff Emanuel","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/JeffEmanuel?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/473195/6995110/13718864/s65_jeff.emanuel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":396,"name":"Maritime Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":826,"name":"Greek Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":828,"name":"Greek History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":832,"name":"Homer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3165,"name":"Maritime History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3872,"name":"War Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/War_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4157,"name":"Naval Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7098,"name":"Heroes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heroes?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9163,"name":"Shipping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shipping?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13509,"name":"Bronze Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13515,"name":"Aegean Bronze Age (Bronze Age Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Bronze_Age_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17412,"name":"Asymmetrical Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asymmetrical_Warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17618,"name":"Greek Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18032,"name":"Aegean Prehistory (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Prehistory_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18118,"name":"Ancient Greek Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18336,"name":"Aegean Egyptian Interrelatlations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Egyptian_Interrelatlations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19335,"name":"Ancient myth and religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_myth_and_religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19694,"name":"Greek Myth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Myth?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21432,"name":"Late Bronze Age archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":22878,"name":"Ancient Greek History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":25663,"name":"Aegean Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26726,"name":"Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30137,"name":"Nautical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nautical_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34581,"name":"Bronze and Iron Ages in Eastern Mediterranean (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_and_Iron_Ages_in_Eastern_Mediterranean_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41716,"name":"Ancient Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42194,"name":"Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42197,"name":"Iron Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42421,"name":"Ramesside Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ramesside_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44631,"name":"Ancient Shipwrecks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Shipwrecks?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48820,"name":"Shipwrecks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shipwrecks?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50256,"name":"Odyssey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Odyssey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50421,"name":"Warfare in the Ancient World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Warfare_in_the_Ancient_World?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51123,"name":"Aegean Late Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Late_Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51294,"name":"Aegean Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Prehistory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":53654,"name":"Early Iron Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Iron_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":58724,"name":"Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":62467,"name":"Piracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Piracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":64834,"name":"Aegean Scripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Scripts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":81350,"name":"the Sea Peoples, XIX - XX Dynasty in Egypt, the Hittites, the Late Bronze Age in the Eastern Medittaranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/the_Sea_Peoples_XIX_-_XX_Dynasty_in_Egypt_the_Hittites_the_Late_Bronze_Age_in_the_Eastern_Meditta?f_ri=9943"},{"id":82274,"name":"Late Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":88760,"name":"Classics: Ancient History and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics_Ancient_History_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":92011,"name":"Sailing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sailing?f_ri=9943"},{"id":94912,"name":"Foreign relations during Ancient Egypt`s New Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_relations_during_Ancient_Egypts_New_Kingdom?f_ri=9943"},{"id":99417,"name":"Aegean Archaeology, Mediterranean Archeology, the island of Crete","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Archaeology_Mediterranean_Archeology_the_island_of_Crete?f_ri=9943"},{"id":127433,"name":"Sea Peoples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_Peoples?f_ri=9943"},{"id":151582,"name":"Ancient Seafaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Seafaring?f_ri=9943"},{"id":168966,"name":"Ancient Weapons and Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Weapons_and_Warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":230078,"name":"Ancient naval warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_naval_warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":243747,"name":"Ancient Greek Warfare","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Warfare?f_ri=9943"},{"id":265577,"name":"Sailing and Maritime history and archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sailing_and_Maritime_history_and_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":368448,"name":"Seafaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seafaring?f_ri=9943"},{"id":400085,"name":"Archaeology: Maritime \u0026 Underwater archaeology; shipwreck archaeology; archaeology of piracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_Maritime_and_Underwater_archaeology_shipwreck_archaeology_archaeology_of_piracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":481402,"name":"Ships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ships?f_ri=9943"},{"id":580335,"name":"Homère and \"Odysseus\" nautical journey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homere_and_Odysseus_nautical_journey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":580348,"name":"Homere, Odyssey, and maritime journey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homere_Odyssey_and_maritime_journey?f_ri=9943"},{"id":594877,"name":"Heroes and heroines in literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heroes_and_heroines_in_literature?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8096347 coauthored" data-work_id="8096347" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8096347/A_History_of_Market_Performance_from_Ancient_Babylonia_to_the_Modern_World">A History of Market Performance from Ancient Babylonia to the Modern World</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This exciting new volume examines the development of market performance from Antiquity until the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. Efficient market structures are agreed by most economists to serve as evidence of economic prosperity,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8096347" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This exciting new volume examines the development of market performance from Antiquity until the dawn of the Industrial Revolution. <br />Efficient market structures are agreed by most economists to serve as evidence of economic prosperity, and to be prerequisites for further economic growth. However, this is the first study to examine market performance as a whole, over such a large time period. Presenting a hitherto unknown and inaccessible corpus of data from ancient Babylonia, this international set of contributors are for the first time able to offer an in-depth study of market performance over a period of 2,500 years. <br />The contributions focus on the market of staple crops, as they were crucial goods in these societies. Over this entire period, all papers provide a similar conceptual and methodological framework resting on a common definition of market performance combined with qualitative and quantitative analyses resting on new and improved price data. In this way, the book is able to combine analysis of the Babylonian period with similar work on the Roman, Early-and Late Medieval and Early Modern period. <br />Bringing together input from assyriologists, ancient historians, economic historians and economists, this volume will be crucial reading for all those with an interest in ancient history, economic history and economics. <br />This is part of a research project conducted at the VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) on "The efficiency of markets in Pre-Industrial Societies: the case of Babylonia, 485-61 BC".</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8096347" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c0d3816dbda91f703ea6cc5e50e01195" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34823590,"asset_id":8096347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34823590/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="143568" href="https://vu-nl.academia.edu/RJBertvanderSpek">R.J. (Bert) van der Spek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="143568" type="text/json">{"id":143568,"first_name":"R.J. (Bert)","last_name":"van der Spek","domain_name":"vu-nl","page_name":"RJBertvanderSpek","display_name":"R.J. (Bert) van der Spek","profile_url":"https://vu-nl.academia.edu/RJBertvanderSpek?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/143568/221071/258415/s65_r.j.__bert_.van_der_spek.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-8096347">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-8096347"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uu.academia.edu/BasvanLeeuwen">Bas van Leeuwen</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-8096347'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-8096347').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8096347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8096347"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8096347, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8096347", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8096347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8096347; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8096347"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8096347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8096347"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8096347; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8096347]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8096347").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8096347").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8096347"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">94</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History">Economic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137" type="text/json">{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="193" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Sociology">Economic Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="193" type="text/json">{"id":193,"name":"Economic Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8096347]'), work: {"id":8096347,"title":"A History of Market Performance from Ancient Babylonia to the Modern World","created_at":"2014-08-26T17:51:19.188-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8096347/A_History_of_Market_Performance_from_Ancient_Babylonia_to_the_Modern_World?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_8096347","summary":"This exciting new volume examines the development of market performance from Antiquity until the dawn of the Industrial Revolution.\r\nEfficient market structures are agreed by most economists to serve as evidence of economic prosperity, and to be prerequisites for further economic growth. However, this is the first study to examine market performance as a whole, over such a large time period. Presenting a hitherto unknown and inaccessible corpus of data from ancient Babylonia, this international set of contributors are for the first time able to offer an in-depth study of market performance over a period of 2,500 years.\r\nThe contributions focus on the market of staple crops, as they were crucial goods in these societies. Over this entire period, all papers provide a similar conceptual and methodological framework resting on a common definition of market performance combined with qualitative and quantitative analyses resting on new and improved price data. In this way, the book is able to combine analysis of the Babylonian period with similar work on the Roman, Early-and Late Medieval and Early Modern period.\r\nBringing together input from assyriologists, ancient historians, economic historians and economists, this volume will be crucial reading for all those with an interest in ancient history, economic history and economics.\r\nThis is part of a research project conducted at the VU University (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam, funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) on \"The efficiency of markets in Pre-Industrial Societies: the case of Babylonia, 485-61 BC\".","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34823590,"asset_id":8096347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":34823591,"asset_id":8096347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":34823592,"asset_id":8096347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":36838864,"asset_id":8096347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":143568,"first_name":"R.J. (Bert)","last_name":"van der Spek","domain_name":"vu-nl","page_name":"RJBertvanderSpek","display_name":"R.J. (Bert) van der Spek","profile_url":"https://vu-nl.academia.edu/RJBertvanderSpek?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/143568/221071/258415/s65_r.j.__bert_.van_der_spek.jpg"},{"id":8573428,"first_name":"Bas","last_name":"van Leeuwen","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"BasvanLeeuwen","display_name":"Bas van Leeuwen","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/BasvanLeeuwen?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":193,"name":"Economic Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":727,"name":"Development Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Development_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":735,"name":"International Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":738,"name":"Monetary Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monetary_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":747,"name":"Econometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Econometrics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":748,"name":"Financial Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":892,"name":"Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1352,"name":"Multivariate Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multivariate_Statistics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1670,"name":"Financial Econometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financial_Econometrics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1693,"name":"Papyrology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papyrology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1735,"name":"History of Economic Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Economic_Thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1764,"name":"Assyriology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assyriology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2190,"name":"Chinese Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3180,"name":"International Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Trade?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3266,"name":"Hellenistic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3671,"name":"Applied Econometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Econometrics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4060,"name":"Applied Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Statistics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4388,"name":"Computational Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Statistics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4484,"name":"Economic Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Growth?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4568,"name":"Liberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberalism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7282,"name":"Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numismatics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7312,"name":"Agricultural Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultural_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8324,"name":"Ancient economies (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economies_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9807,"name":"Karl Polanyi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karl_Polanyi?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9961,"name":"Time series Econometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_series_Econometrics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10690,"name":"Irish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11395,"name":"Economic Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12108,"name":"China","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12432,"name":"Monetary history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monetary_history?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13725,"name":"China Going Global","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Going_Global?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13805,"name":"Behavioral Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Behavioral_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13893,"name":"Modern Chinese History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Chinese_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15736,"name":"History of the Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Mediterranean?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16923,"name":"Early Modern Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Italy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17987,"name":"Ancient numismatics (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_numismatics_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18105,"name":"Graeco-Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18448,"name":"Ptolemaic Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ptolemaic_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18681,"name":"Adam Smith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adam_Smith?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24550,"name":"Contemporary China","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_China?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26850,"name":"Chinese history (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_history_History_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28583,"name":"Money","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Money?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29391,"name":"Ancient Greek Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Numismatics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29392,"name":"Ancient Roman Numismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Numismatics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29595,"name":"Seleucid Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seleucid_Empire?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32014,"name":"Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33108,"name":"Ancient Trade \u0026 Commerce (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Trade_and_Commerce_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33694,"name":"Archaeology of Mediterranean Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Mediterranean_Trade?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35213,"name":"Achaemenid History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Achaemenid_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41239,"name":"Bayesian statistics \u0026 modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bayesian_statistics_and_modelling?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41932,"name":"Roman coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_coins?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":46429,"name":"Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48971,"name":"Monetary Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monetary_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50942,"name":"Roman Provincial Coinage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Provincial_Coinage?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51360,"name":"Economia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51777,"name":"Coin Hoards","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coin_Hoards?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52227,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":53534,"name":"Hellenistic Babylonia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_Babylonia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":54017,"name":"Ancient Coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Coins?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56800,"name":"Parthian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parthian_Empire?f_ri=9943"},{"id":80694,"name":"Silver","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silver?f_ri=9943"},{"id":81894,"name":"Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Ages?f_ri=9943"},{"id":95829,"name":"Ancient economies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":104496,"name":"Ancient economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economic_history?f_ri=9943"},{"id":107094,"name":"Ancient Mesopotamian Economics/politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mesopotamian_Economics_politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":143392,"name":"Ancient Roman economy, trade and commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_economy_trade_and_commerce?f_ri=9943"},{"id":144104,"name":"Statistics, Econometrics, Economics, Marketing searching and adjusting, Management methods, Demography, Projects with foreign financing, Price universe and interpret indices, Physics, Econophysics.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics_Econometrics_Economics_Marketing_searching_and_adjusting_Management_methods_Demograp?f_ri=9943"},{"id":183631,"name":"Coins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coins?f_ri=9943"},{"id":221348,"name":"Econometría","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Econometr%C3%ADa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":322097,"name":"Phoenician trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phoenician_trade?f_ri=9943"},{"id":353616,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":385234,"name":"Political Economy and History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy_and_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":441517,"name":"Ancient Greek Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":592336,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern social and economic history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_social_and_economic_history?f_ri=9943"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1036737,"name":"Socio economy of Ancient Mesopotamia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio_economy_of_Ancient_Mesopotamia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1036738,"name":"Ancient Economic Theories","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Economic_Theories?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33158324 coauthored" data-work_id="33158324" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33158324/Deuses_Mitos_e_Ritos_do_Egito_Antigo">Deuses, Mitos e Ritos do Egito Antigo</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Esta obra, destinada tanto aos interessados em história, religião e mitologia, como aos professores e pesquisadores da Antiguidade, nos presenteia com traduções inéditas do egípcio, diretamente para a língua portuguesa, com a análise... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33158324" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Esta obra, destinada tanto aos interessados em história, religião e mitologia, como aos professores e pesquisadores da Antiguidade, nos presenteia com traduções inéditas do egípcio, diretamente para a língua portuguesa, com a análise simbólica de relevos e esculturas da arte egípcia, com a visão de autores modernos que conformaram o pensamento acadêmico ocidental e com estudos de recepção da mitologia em obras contemporâneas, como no cinema. O presente livro decifra estas complexas relações entre passado e presente, entre Oriente e Ocidente, através de uma linguagem precisa e, por vezes, poética, de seus autores. A visão destes especialistas imprime um primor acadêmico e, ao mesmo tempo, um olhar apaixonado pelo passado, pois só se ama aquilo que se conhece! Katia Maria Paim Pozzer, professora da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33158324" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7fc9e08a92b6d92db6904694cba4b9e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60414558,"asset_id":33158324,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60414558/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2057299" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariaAparecidadeOliveiraSilva">Maria Aparecida de Oliveira Silva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2057299" type="text/json">{"id":2057299,"first_name":"Maria Aparecida","last_name":"de Oliveira Silva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MariaAparecidadeOliveiraSilva","display_name":"Maria Aparecida de Oliveira Silva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MariaAparecidadeOliveiraSilva?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2057299/887104/117899899/s65_maria_aparecida.de_oliveira_silva.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-33158324">+4</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-33158324"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ufrgs.academia.edu/KatiaPozzer">Katia Pozzer</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uerj.academia.edu/EvelyneAzevedo">Evelyne Azevedo</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uniandrade.academia.edu/MoacirEliasSantos">Moacir Elias Santos</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uff.academia.edu/JulioGralha">Julio Gralha</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-33158324'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-33158324').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33158324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33158324"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33158324, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33158324", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33158324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33158324; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33158324"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33158324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33158324"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33158324; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33158324]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33158324").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33158324").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33158324"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33158324]'), work: {"id":33158324,"title":"Deuses, Mitos e Ritos do Egito Antigo","created_at":"2017-05-23T05:45:36.503-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33158324/Deuses_Mitos_e_Ritos_do_Egito_Antigo?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_33158324","summary":"Esta obra, destinada tanto aos interessados em história, religião e mitologia, como aos professores e pesquisadores da Antiguidade, nos presenteia com traduções inéditas do egípcio, diretamente para a língua portuguesa, com a análise simbólica de relevos e esculturas da arte egípcia, com a visão de autores modernos que conformaram o pensamento acadêmico ocidental e com estudos de recepção da mitologia em obras contemporâneas, como no cinema. O presente livro decifra estas complexas relações entre passado e presente, entre Oriente e Ocidente, através de uma linguagem precisa e, por vezes, poética, de seus autores. A visão destes especialistas imprime um primor acadêmico e, ao mesmo tempo, um olhar apaixonado pelo passado, pois só se ama aquilo que se conhece! Katia Maria Paim Pozzer, professora da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60414558,"asset_id":33158324,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2057299,"first_name":"Maria Aparecida","last_name":"de Oliveira Silva","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MariaAparecidadeOliveiraSilva","display_name":"Maria Aparecida de Oliveira Silva","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MariaAparecidadeOliveiraSilva?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2057299/887104/117899899/s65_maria_aparecida.de_oliveira_silva.png"},{"id":13540419,"first_name":"Katia","last_name":"Pozzer","domain_name":"ufrgs","page_name":"KatiaPozzer","display_name":"Katia Pozzer","profile_url":"https://ufrgs.academia.edu/KatiaPozzer?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13540419/3971924/4640912/s65_katia.pozzer.jpg_oh_36275469dec4831c46e1a99c4627d780_oe_54374079"},{"id":1838907,"first_name":"Evelyne","last_name":"Azevedo","domain_name":"uerj","page_name":"EvelyneAzevedo","display_name":"Evelyne Azevedo","profile_url":"https://uerj.academia.edu/EvelyneAzevedo?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1838907/626097/116764466/s65_evelyne.azevedo.jpg"},{"id":164175,"first_name":"Moacir Elias","last_name":"Santos","domain_name":"uniandrade","page_name":"MoacirEliasSantos","display_name":"Moacir Elias Santos","profile_url":"https://uniandrade.academia.edu/MoacirEliasSantos?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":779479,"first_name":"Julio","last_name":"Gralha","domain_name":"uff","page_name":"JulioGralha","display_name":"Julio Gralha","profile_url":"https://uff.academia.edu/JulioGralha?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/779479/263633/114507287/s65_julio.gralha.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12451,"name":"Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18105,"name":"Graeco-Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18448,"name":"Ptolemaic Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ptolemaic_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33377,"name":"Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33399,"name":"Herodotus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36253,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Magical Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Magical_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49915,"name":"Herodotus, Thucydides, and Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus_Thucydides_and_Historiography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":657629,"name":"History of Herodotus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Herodotus?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29038524" data-work_id="29038524" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29038524/Amarna_Royal_Clothing_Tradition_and_Adaptation">Amarna Royal Clothing: Tradition and Adaptation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article is concerned with Amarna royal clothing, specifically the kilt, the bag-tunic, and the robe of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten, Nefertiti and the princesses, and sheds light through artistic description and analysis on any religious... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29038524" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article is concerned with Amarna royal clothing,<br />specifically the kilt, the bag-tunic, and the robe of<br />Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten, Nefertiti and the princesses, and<br />sheds light through artistic description and analysis on any<br />religious implications that their clothing may reveal. The<br />Amarna royal clothing was among the innovations of the<br />Amarna Age. The king and his royal family members’<br />clothing are different from the main stream of the<br />iconography of Egyptian royalty. He and his family were<br />probably represented in accordance with the new cult,<br />however, the royal artists clearly exaggerated in representing<br />them. The king might have been the one who inspired his and<br />his family’s clothing change and was influenced by the<br />clothing of his father Amenhotep III.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29038524" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c5bd8925d198e87db133a8009ba30067" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49491284,"asset_id":29038524,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49491284/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1518259" href="https://sca-egypt.academia.edu/HusseinBassir">Hussein Bassir</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1518259" type="text/json">{"id":1518259,"first_name":"Hussein","last_name":"Bassir","domain_name":"sca-egypt","page_name":"HusseinBassir","display_name":"Hussein Bassir","profile_url":"https://sca-egypt.academia.edu/HusseinBassir?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1518259/537991/3202195/s65_hussein.bassir.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29038524 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29038524"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29038524, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29038524", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29038524 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29038524; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29038524"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29038524 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29038524"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29038524; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29038524]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29038524").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29038524").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29038524"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">22</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29038524]'), work: {"id":29038524,"title":"Amarna Royal Clothing: Tradition and Adaptation","created_at":"2016-10-09T21:08:12.151-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29038524/Amarna_Royal_Clothing_Tradition_and_Adaptation?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_29038524","summary":"This article is concerned with Amarna royal clothing,\nspecifically the kilt, the bag-tunic, and the robe of\nAmenhotep IV/Akhenaten, Nefertiti and the princesses, and\nsheds light through artistic description and analysis on any\nreligious implications that their clothing may reveal. The\nAmarna royal clothing was among the innovations of the\nAmarna Age. The king and his royal family members’\nclothing are different from the main stream of the\niconography of Egyptian royalty. He and his family were\nprobably represented in accordance with the new cult,\nhowever, the royal artists clearly exaggerated in representing\nthem. The king might have been the one who inspired his and\nhis family’s clothing change and was influenced by the\nclothing of his father Amenhotep III.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49491284,"asset_id":29038524,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1518259,"first_name":"Hussein","last_name":"Bassir","domain_name":"sca-egypt","page_name":"HusseinBassir","display_name":"Hussein Bassir","profile_url":"https://sca-egypt.academia.edu/HusseinBassir?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1518259/537991/3202195/s65_hussein.bassir.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23460,"name":"Ritual and Performance (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual_and_Performance_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26309,"name":"Kingship (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kingship_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26558,"name":"Visual Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Arts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32971,"name":"Amarna Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35522,"name":"Egyptian Kingship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Kingship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22010831" data-work_id="22010831" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22010831/Development_of_the_Ancient_Israelite_Belief_in_Satan_as_a_Schema_for_Dating_Old_Testament_Passages">Development of the Ancient Israelite Belief in Satan as a Schema for Dating Old Testament Passages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The theological beliefs of the ancient Israelites developed within the greater context of late Second and First Millennia, B.C. ancient Near Eastern culture and thought. Their roots in ancient Mesopotamian civilizations and contacts with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22010831" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The theological beliefs of the ancient Israelites developed within the greater context of late Second and First Millennia, B.C. ancient Near Eastern culture and thought.  Their roots in ancient Mesopotamian civilizations and contacts with the peoples of ancient Egypt, Canaan, Assyria, Babylonia, and Persia ensured that their own kingdom was a marketplace of ideas affording them the opportunity to interpret their own beliefs through the prism of new concepts.  The biblical figure of Satan, as an ancient Israelite belief, demonstrates development throughout the pages of the Old Testament.  By examining the differences in depiction and levels of understanding surrounding this adversarial figure through comparative analysis with surrounding ancient Near Eastern cultures a developmental process can be determined and thus applied to the Old Testament writings in which Satan is mentioned, both directly and indirectly, in order to date their composition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22010831" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="08d862867c36a8316bcbf79166133f52" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42708956,"asset_id":22010831,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42708956/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23036226" href="https://hbu.academia.edu/MatthewPhillips">Matthew J Phillips</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23036226" type="text/json">{"id":23036226,"first_name":"Matthew","last_name":"Phillips","domain_name":"hbu","page_name":"MatthewPhillips","display_name":"Matthew J Phillips","profile_url":"https://hbu.academia.edu/MatthewPhillips?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23036226/6994329/7886250/s65_matthew.phillips.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22010831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22010831"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22010831, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22010831", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_22010831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22010831; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22010831"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22010831 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22010831"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22010831; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22010831]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22010831").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22010831").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22010831"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">28</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4460" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls_Religion_">Dead Sea Scrolls (Religion)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4460" type="text/json">{"id":4460,"name":"Dead Sea Scrolls (Religion)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls_Religion_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22010831]'), work: {"id":22010831,"title":"Development of the Ancient Israelite Belief in Satan as a Schema for Dating Old Testament Passages","created_at":"2016-02-15T11:24:48.871-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22010831/Development_of_the_Ancient_Israelite_Belief_in_Satan_as_a_Schema_for_Dating_Old_Testament_Passages?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_22010831","summary":"The theological beliefs of the ancient Israelites developed within the greater context of late Second and First Millennia, B.C. ancient Near Eastern culture and thought. Their roots in ancient Mesopotamian civilizations and contacts with the peoples of ancient Egypt, Canaan, Assyria, Babylonia, and Persia ensured that their own kingdom was a marketplace of ideas affording them the opportunity to interpret their own beliefs through the prism of new concepts. The biblical figure of Satan, as an ancient Israelite belief, demonstrates development throughout the pages of the Old Testament. By examining the differences in depiction and levels of understanding surrounding this adversarial figure through comparative analysis with surrounding ancient Near Eastern cultures a developmental process can be determined and thus applied to the Old Testament writings in which Satan is mentioned, both directly and indirectly, in order to date their composition.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42708956,"asset_id":22010831,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23036226,"first_name":"Matthew","last_name":"Phillips","domain_name":"hbu","page_name":"MatthewPhillips","display_name":"Matthew J Phillips","profile_url":"https://hbu.academia.edu/MatthewPhillips?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23036226/6994329/7886250/s65_matthew.phillips.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":4460,"name":"Dead Sea Scrolls (Religion)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls_Religion_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":13542,"name":"Mesopotamian Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamian_Religions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13808,"name":"Deuteronomistic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deuteronomistic_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13809,"name":"Prophets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prophets?f_ri=9943"},{"id":16829,"name":"Biblical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20905,"name":"Apocrypha/Pseudepigrapha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apocrypha_Pseudepigrapha?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24602,"name":"Biblical Interpretation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Interpretation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26449,"name":"Ancient Mesopotamian Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mesopotamian_Religions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32809,"name":"Wisdom Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wisdom_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34789,"name":"Dead Sea Scrolls (Religion) (Religion)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls_Religion_Religion_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":75811,"name":"Dead Sea Scrolls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dead_Sea_Scrolls?f_ri=9943"},{"id":90623,"name":"Paul","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paul?f_ri=9943"},{"id":135866,"name":"Pre-Exilic Ancient Israel - Hebrew Bible and Archaeology; Phoenician-Punic language and epigraphy; Levantine Archaeology (espeically Biblical Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pre-Exilic_Ancient_Israel_-_Hebrew_Bible_and_Archaeology_Phoenician-Punic_language_and_epigraphy_L?f_ri=9943"},{"id":151785,"name":"Ot","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ot?f_ri=9943"},{"id":164594,"name":"Pentateuch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentateuch?f_ri=9943"},{"id":369732,"name":"History of Ancient Israel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Ancient_Israel?f_ri=9943"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=9943"},{"id":503230,"name":"Pauline Letters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pauline_Letters?f_ri=9943"},{"id":958801,"name":"The Dead Sea Scrolls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Dead_Sea_Scrolls?f_ri=9943"},{"id":984436,"name":"Ancient Mesopotamia (History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mesopotamia_History-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1008638,"name":"NT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NT?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1557891,"name":"Satanology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Satanology?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37568156" data-work_id="37568156" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37568156/The_Osireion_A_Laymans_Guide">The Osireion, A Layman's Guide</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37568156" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d3e4e1500c069f30228bb97d10c7b6e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57545401,"asset_id":37568156,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57545401/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10142519" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KeithHamilton">Keith Hamilton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10142519" type="text/json">{"id":10142519,"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KeithHamilton","display_name":"Keith Hamilton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KeithHamilton?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10142519/7429812/18304581/s65_keith.hamilton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37568156 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37568156"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37568156, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37568156", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37568156 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37568156; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37568156"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37568156 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37568156"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37568156; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37568156]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37568156").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37568156").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37568156"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37568156]'), work: {"id":37568156,"title":"The Osireion, A Layman's Guide","created_at":"2018-10-11T05:20:19.929-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37568156/The_Osireion_A_Laymans_Guide?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_37568156","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57545401,"asset_id":37568156,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10142519,"first_name":"Keith","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KeithHamilton","display_name":"Keith Hamilton","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KeithHamilton?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10142519/7429812/18304581/s65_keith.hamilton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23460,"name":"Ritual and Performance (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual_and_Performance_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34374,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Architecture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":241654,"name":"Representation of ancient architecture (technical and pictoresques drawings)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representation_of_ancient_architecture_technical_and_pictoresques_drawings_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":256662,"name":"Ancient Architecture and Construction History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Architecture_and_Construction_History?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11312068" data-work_id="11312068" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11312068/_Christians_of_Fustat_in_the_first_three_centuries_of_Islam_The_making_of_a_new_society_in_A_Cosmopolitan_city_Muslims_Christians_and_Jews_in_Old_Cairo_ed_T_Vorderstrasse_and_T_Treptow_Chicago_Oriental_Institute_Museum_Publications_38_2015">"Christians of Fustat in the first three centuries of Islam. The making of a new society", in A Cosmopolitan city. Muslims, Christians and Jews in Old Cairo, ed. T. Vorderstrasse and T. Treptow, Chicago, Oriental Institute Museum Publications 38, 2015.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11312068" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7ff2ae03e713f3a2c08e209955ac60b4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36884303,"asset_id":11312068,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36884303/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2457604" href="https://sorbonne-fr.academia.edu/AudreyDRIDIBASILIO">Audrey DRIDI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2457604" type="text/json">{"id":2457604,"first_name":"Audrey","last_name":"DRIDI","domain_name":"sorbonne-fr","page_name":"AudreyDRIDIBASILIO","display_name":"Audrey DRIDI","profile_url":"https://sorbonne-fr.academia.edu/AudreyDRIDIBASILIO?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2457604/1100803/161681743/s65_audrey.dridi_basilio.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11312068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11312068"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11312068, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11312068", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11312068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11312068; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11312068"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11312068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11312068"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11312068; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11312068]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11312068").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11312068").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11312068"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="535412" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christians_in_the_Middle_East">Christians in the Middle East</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="535412" type="text/json">{"id":535412,"name":"Christians in the Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christians_in_the_Middle_East?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="765733" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fustat">Fustat</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="765733" type="text/json">{"id":765733,"name":"Fustat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fustat?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11312068]'), work: {"id":11312068,"title":"\"Christians of Fustat in the first three centuries of Islam. The making of a new society\", in A Cosmopolitan city. Muslims, Christians and Jews in Old Cairo, ed. T. Vorderstrasse and T. Treptow, Chicago, Oriental Institute Museum Publications 38, 2015.","created_at":"2015-03-06T14:25:07.931-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11312068/_Christians_of_Fustat_in_the_first_three_centuries_of_Islam_The_making_of_a_new_society_in_A_Cosmopolitan_city_Muslims_Christians_and_Jews_in_Old_Cairo_ed_T_Vorderstrasse_and_T_Treptow_Chicago_Oriental_Institute_Museum_Publications_38_2015?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_11312068","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36884303,"asset_id":11312068,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2457604,"first_name":"Audrey","last_name":"DRIDI","domain_name":"sorbonne-fr","page_name":"AudreyDRIDIBASILIO","display_name":"Audrey DRIDI","profile_url":"https://sorbonne-fr.academia.edu/AudreyDRIDIBASILIO?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2457604/1100803/161681743/s65_audrey.dridi_basilio.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":535412,"name":"Christians in the Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christians_in_the_Middle_East?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":765733,"name":"Fustat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fustat?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9524793" data-work_id="9524793" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9524793/The_Teachings_of_Ptah_Hotep">The Teachings of Ptah-Hotep</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The Ethical Axioms on Excellent Discourse and Human Behavior of the Black Afrikan Public Administrator & Prime Minister of Kemet Ptah-Hotep!</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9524793" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ddb9eff121e7dab1a3fa180a14e0a16e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":89980492,"asset_id":9524793,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89980492/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="913745" href="https://unts.academia.edu/AmbakisyeOkangDukuzumurenyi">Ambakisye-Okang Dukuzumurenyi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="913745" type="text/json">{"id":913745,"first_name":"Ambakisye-Okang","last_name":"Dukuzumurenyi","domain_name":"unts","page_name":"AmbakisyeOkangDukuzumurenyi","display_name":"Ambakisye-Okang Dukuzumurenyi","profile_url":"https://unts.academia.edu/AmbakisyeOkangDukuzumurenyi?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/913745/339340/27127816/s65_ambakisye-okang.dukuzumurenyi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9524793 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9524793"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9524793, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9524793", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9524793 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9524793; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9524793"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9524793 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9524793"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9524793; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9524793]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9524793").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9524793").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9524793"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">61</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="201" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology">Political Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="201" type="text/json">{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies">Black Studies Or African American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="296" type="text/json">{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="379" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies">African Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="379" type="text/json">{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9524793]'), work: {"id":9524793,"title":"The Teachings of Ptah-Hotep","created_at":"2014-11-27T03:38:01.945-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9524793/The_Teachings_of_Ptah_Hotep?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_9524793","summary":"The Ethical Axioms on Excellent Discourse and Human Behavior of the Black Afrikan Public Administrator \u0026 Prime Minister of Kemet Ptah-Hotep!","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89980492,"asset_id":9524793,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":913745,"first_name":"Ambakisye-Okang","last_name":"Dukuzumurenyi","domain_name":"unts","page_name":"AmbakisyeOkangDukuzumurenyi","display_name":"Ambakisye-Okang Dukuzumurenyi","profile_url":"https://unts.academia.edu/AmbakisyeOkangDukuzumurenyi?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/913745/339340/27127816/s65_ambakisye-okang.dukuzumurenyi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":799,"name":"Public Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration?f_ri=9943"},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":904,"name":"Normative Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normative_Ethics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":906,"name":"Applied Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Ethics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1225,"name":"African Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2016,"name":"Middle East \u0026 North Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_and_North_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2490,"name":"Political Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Psychology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2938,"name":"Black/African Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_African_Diaspora?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3398,"name":"Educational Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Psychology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3870,"name":"African Diaspora Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3896,"name":"African History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4527,"name":"Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5671,"name":"West Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/West_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6257,"name":"African Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6258,"name":"African American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8827,"name":"East Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/East_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9619,"name":"Pan Africanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pan_Africanism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10749,"name":"History of Public Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Public_Administration?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10750,"name":"Corruption (Corruption)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corruption_Corruption_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12451,"name":"Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12914,"name":"Political Corruption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Corruption?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13050,"name":"African Diaspora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Diaspora?f_ri=9943"},{"id":13497,"name":"African American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14045,"name":"African Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17178,"name":"Ancient Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18373,"name":"Moral Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":29841,"name":"Public Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_Analysis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39480,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":40285,"name":"Africana Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africana_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44470,"name":"Pan-Africanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pan-Africanism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":54089,"name":"Anti-Corruption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-Corruption?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":61866,"name":"South Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":61962,"name":"African Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Development?f_ri=9943"},{"id":63625,"name":"African Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":73699,"name":"Corruption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corruption?f_ri=9943"},{"id":74148,"name":"Afrikology. Social Constructivism. Pan Africanism.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afrikology._Social_Constructivism._Pan_Africanism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":207277,"name":"Pan African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pan_African_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":355567,"name":"Political Science and public administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science_and_public_administration-1?f_ri=9943"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":786718,"name":"Afrocentricity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Afrocentricity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":939798,"name":"Human Rights and Corruption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Rights_and_Corruption?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37189716" data-work_id="37189716" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37189716/Egyptian_Revolution_A_Demographic_Structural_Analysis">Egyptian Revolution: A Demographic Structural Analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It is not surprising that Mubarak's administration " overlooked " the social explosion. Indeed, statistical data righteously claimed that the country was developing very successfully. Economic growth rates were high (even in the crisis... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37189716" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is not surprising that Mubarak's administration " overlooked " the social explosion. Indeed, statistical data righteously claimed that the country was developing very successfully. Economic growth rates were high (even in the crisis years). Poverty and inequality levels were among the lowest in the Third World. Global food prices were rising, but the government was taking serious measures to mitigate their effect on the poorest layers of the population. Unemployment level (in per cent) was less than in many developed countries of the world and, moreover, was declining, and so were population growth rates. What would be the grounds to expect a full-scale social explosion? Of course, the administration had a sort of reliable information on the presence of certain groups of dissident " bloggers " , but how could one expect that they would be able to inspire to go to the Tahrir any great masses of people? It was even more difficult to figure out that Mubarak's regime would be painfully struck by its own modernization successes of the 1980s, which led to the sharp decline of crude death rate and especially of infant and child mortality in 1975–1990. Without these successes many young Egyptians vehemently demanding Mubarak's resignation (or even death) would have been destined to die in early childhood and simply would not have survived to come out to the Tahrir Square.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37189716" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8ac0236bdd883f1b62ca5199be9179ab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57140905,"asset_id":37189716,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57140905/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1547747" href="https://hse-ru.academia.edu/AndreyKorotayev">Andrey Korotayev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1547747" type="text/json">{"id":1547747,"first_name":"Andrey","last_name":"Korotayev","domain_name":"hse-ru","page_name":"AndreyKorotayev","display_name":"Andrey Korotayev","profile_url":"https://hse-ru.academia.edu/AndreyKorotayev?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1547747/546497/59245288/s65_andrey.korotayev.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37189716 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37189716"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37189716, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37189716", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37189716 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37189716; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37189716"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37189716 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37189716"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37189716; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37189716]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37189716").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37189716").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37189716"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology">Political Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3472" type="text/json">{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4487" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions">Revolutions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4487" type="text/json">{"id":4487,"name":"Revolutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12537" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt">Egypt</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12537" type="text/json">{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37189716]'), work: {"id":37189716,"title":"Egyptian Revolution: A Demographic Structural Analysis","created_at":"2018-08-06T08:19:14.251-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37189716/Egyptian_Revolution_A_Demographic_Structural_Analysis?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_37189716","summary":"It is not surprising that Mubarak's administration \" overlooked \" the social explosion. Indeed, statistical data righteously claimed that the country was developing very successfully. Economic growth rates were high (even in the crisis years). Poverty and inequality levels were among the lowest in the Third World. Global food prices were rising, but the government was taking serious measures to mitigate their effect on the poorest layers of the population. Unemployment level (in per cent) was less than in many developed countries of the world and, moreover, was declining, and so were population growth rates. What would be the grounds to expect a full-scale social explosion? Of course, the administration had a sort of reliable information on the presence of certain groups of dissident \" bloggers \" , but how could one expect that they would be able to inspire to go to the Tahrir any great masses of people? It was even more difficult to figure out that Mubarak's regime would be painfully struck by its own modernization successes of the 1980s, which led to the sharp decline of crude death rate and especially of infant and child mortality in 1975–1990. Without these successes many young Egyptians vehemently demanding Mubarak's resignation (or even death) would have been destined to die in early childhood and simply would not have survived to come out to the Tahrir Square.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57140905,"asset_id":37189716,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1547747,"first_name":"Andrey","last_name":"Korotayev","domain_name":"hse-ru","page_name":"AndreyKorotayev","display_name":"Andrey Korotayev","profile_url":"https://hse-ru.academia.edu/AndreyKorotayev?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1547747/546497/59245288/s65_andrey.korotayev.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":4487,"name":"Revolutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":16598,"name":"Social movements and revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_movements_and_revolution?f_ri=9943"},{"id":38036,"name":"Cliometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cliometrics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":58135,"name":"Arab Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":58136,"name":"Egyptian Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":66134,"name":"Egyptian Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Revolution?f_ri=9943"},{"id":80514,"name":"Mubarak","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mubarak?f_ri=9943"},{"id":106157,"name":"Modern Political and Social History of Egypt and Iran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Political_and_Social_History_of_Egypt_and_Iran?f_ri=9943"},{"id":122280,"name":"Egypt, Arab Spring, middle east, Arab studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_Arab_Spring_middle_east_Arab_studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":144753,"name":"Cliodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cliodynamics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":169938,"name":"Arab Spring (Arab Revolts)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_Spring_Arab_Revolts_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":632928,"name":"Arab Spring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_Spring?f_ri=9943"},{"id":639849,"name":"Democracy In the Arab World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_In_the_Arab_World?f_ri=9943"},{"id":957138,"name":"Otpor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Otpor?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6774971" data-work_id="6774971" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6774971/The_cartouche_names_of_the_New_Kingdom">The cartouche names of the New Kingdom</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents (in hieroglyphs and transliteration) the cartouche names (throne names and birth names) of all kings from the New Kingdom. Special attention is given to the many peculiarities in spelling and orthography that occurred... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6774971" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents (in hieroglyphs and transliteration) the cartouche names (throne names and birth names) of all kings from the New Kingdom. Special attention is given to the many peculiarities in spelling and orthography that occurred in the writing of these names. <br /> <br />In the New Kingdom, it became customary to add an epithet to throne names and birth names, inside the cartouche. All known epithets from this period are listed and discussed. <br /> <br />Two appendices give a statistical analysis of some categories of these epithets, and a full listing of all epithets, per king. <br /> <br />57 pages, with bibliography.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6774971" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="781f5fa4d97c00d6aa20d85532d2d132" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33481669,"asset_id":6774971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33481669/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11183142" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SjefWillockx">Sjef Willockx</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11183142" type="text/json">{"id":11183142,"first_name":"Sjef","last_name":"Willockx","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SjefWillockx","display_name":"Sjef Willockx","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SjefWillockx?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11183142/9874033/16076038/s65_sjef.willockx.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6774971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6774971"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6774971, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6774971", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6774971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6774971; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6774971"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6774971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6774971"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6774971; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6774971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6774971").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6774971").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6774971"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6774971]'), work: {"id":6774971,"title":"The cartouche names of the New Kingdom","created_at":"2014-04-16T00:44:20.855-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6774971/The_cartouche_names_of_the_New_Kingdom?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_6774971","summary":"This paper presents (in hieroglyphs and transliteration) the cartouche names (throne names and birth names) of all kings from the New Kingdom. Special attention is given to the many peculiarities in spelling and orthography that occurred in the writing of these names.\r\n\r\nIn the New Kingdom, it became customary to add an epithet to throne names and birth names, inside the cartouche. All known epithets from this period are listed and discussed.\r\n\r\nTwo appendices give a statistical analysis of some categories of these epithets, and a full listing of all epithets, per king.\r\n\r\n57 pages, with bibliography.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33481669,"asset_id":6774971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11183142,"first_name":"Sjef","last_name":"Willockx","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SjefWillockx","display_name":"Sjef Willockx","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SjefWillockx?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11183142/9874033/16076038/s65_sjef.willockx.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":665087,"name":"Egyptian Royal Titulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Royal_Titulary?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26349307" data-work_id="26349307" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26349307/_Temples_and_agriculture_in_Egypt_from_the_Late_New_Kingdom_to_the_Saite_Period_In_J_C_Moreno_Garc%C3%ADa_ed_Dynamics_of_production_in_the_Near_East_Oxbow_Books_Oxford_2016_p_223_256">"Temples and agriculture in Egypt, from the Late New Kingdom to the Saite Period". In: J. C. Moreno García (ed.), Dynamics of production in the Near East, Oxbow Books, Oxford, 2016, p. 223-256.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Paperback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-283-9 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-284-6 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress and British Library All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26349307" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Paperback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-283-9 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-284-6 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress and British Library All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the publisher in writing.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26349307" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b31a8cf466991b10a52ec01ea8d324ee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56639449,"asset_id":26349307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56639449/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26349307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26349307"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26349307, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26349307", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26349307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26349307; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26349307"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26349307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26349307"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26349307; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26349307]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26349307").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26349307").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26349307"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">23</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2795" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology">Landscape Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2795" type="text/json">{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3619" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_History">Rural History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3619" type="text/json">{"id":3619,"name":"Rural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26349307]'), work: {"id":26349307,"title":"\"Temples and agriculture in Egypt, from the Late New Kingdom to the Saite Period\". In: J. C. Moreno García (ed.), Dynamics of production in the Near East, Oxbow Books, Oxford, 2016, p. 223-256.","created_at":"2016-06-20T15:32:55.448-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26349307/_Temples_and_agriculture_in_Egypt_from_the_Late_New_Kingdom_to_the_Saite_Period_In_J_C_Moreno_Garc%C3%ADa_ed_Dynamics_of_production_in_the_Near_East_Oxbow_Books_Oxford_2016_p_223_256?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_26349307","summary":"Paperback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-283-9 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78570-284-6 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress and British Library All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the publisher in writing.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56639449,"asset_id":26349307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3619,"name":"Rural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5757,"name":"Land tenure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_tenure?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19170,"name":"Agrarian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agrarian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21432,"name":"Late Bronze Age archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32296,"name":"Ancient Near East (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33104,"name":"Ancient Agriculture \u0026 Farming (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Agriculture_and_Farming_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33127,"name":"Third Intermediate Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Intermediate_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50061,"name":"Ancient animal husbandry and agriculture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_animal_husbandry_and_agriculture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52227,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":67021,"name":"Late Bronze Age, Early Iron Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_Early_Iron_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":82274,"name":"Late Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":340620,"name":"Rural studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_studies?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_404059" data-work_id="404059" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/404059/The_Royal_Succession_in_the_25th_Dynasty">The Royal Succession in the 25th Dynasty</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One of the unresolved problems of Kushite studies is the succession pattern in the 25th Kushite dynasty ruling in Egypt and their descendents, the rulers of the Kingdom of Napata. It is the purpose of this paper to address this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_404059" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One of the unresolved problems of Kushite studies <br />is the succession pattern in the 25th <br />Kushite dynasty ruling in Egypt and their descendents, the rulers of the Kingdom of Napata. It is the purpose of this <br />paper to address this problem anew. In the following <br />paragraphs I will forward a review of the prevailing <br />theories of succession in Kush. Then, I will argue that <br />the succession pattern in Kush was patrilineal accor- <br />ding to the right of primogeniture, i.e. the kingship <br />passed from father to the eldest surviving son based <br />on Egyptian religious beliefs and was not different <br />from the practice in the Ancient Near East.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/404059" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f07b880644e82c29b35e969a39721084" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1914796,"asset_id":404059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1914796/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="181754" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn">Dan'el Kahn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="181754" type="text/json">{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_404059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="404059"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 404059, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_404059", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_404059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 404059; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_404059"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_404059 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="404059"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 404059; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=404059]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_404059").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_404059").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="404059"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush">Kush</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27414" type="text/json">{"id":27414,"name":"Kush","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_">25th Dynasty (Egyptology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33131" type="text/json">{"id":33131,"name":"25th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Piankhy">Piankhy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="109101" type="text/json">{"id":109101,"name":"Piankhy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Piankhy?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=404059]'), work: {"id":404059,"title":"The Royal Succession in the 25th Dynasty","created_at":"2011-01-05T23:10:43.823-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/404059/The_Royal_Succession_in_the_25th_Dynasty?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_404059","summary":"One of the unresolved problems of Kushite studies\r\nis the succession pattern in the 25th \r\nKushite dynasty ruling in Egypt and their descendents, the rulers of the Kingdom of Napata. It is the purpose of this\r\npaper to address this problem anew. In the following\r\nparagraphs I will forward a review of the prevailing\r\ntheories of succession in Kush. Then, I will argue that\r\nthe succession pattern in Kush was patrilineal accor-\r\nding to the right of primogeniture, i.e. the kingship\r\npassed from father to the eldest surviving son based\r\non Egyptian religious beliefs and was not different\r\nfrom the practice in the Ancient Near East.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":1914796,"asset_id":404059,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":181754,"first_name":"Dan'el","last_name":"Kahn","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"DanelKahn","display_name":"Dan'el Kahn","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/DanelKahn?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/181754/44838/41255/s65_dan_el.kahn.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":27414,"name":"Kush","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kush?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":33131,"name":"25th Dynasty (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/25th_Dynasty_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":109101,"name":"Piankhy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Piankhy?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":109102,"name":"Shabaka","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shabaka?f_ri=9943"},{"id":109103,"name":"Shebitku","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shebitku?f_ri=9943"},{"id":109104,"name":"Taharqa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taharqa?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_627550" data-work_id="627550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/627550/The_Early_History_of_New_Kingdom_Netherworld_Iconography_A_Late_Middle_Kingdom_Apotropaic_Wand_Reconsidered">The Early History of "New Kingdom" Netherworld Iconography: A Late Middle Kingdom Apotropaic Wand Reconsidered</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/627550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="57406514546c35e91bfe566c7869813d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":3384790,"asset_id":627550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/3384790/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="460248" href="https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson">Joshua Aaron Roberson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="460248" type="text/json">{"id":460248,"first_name":"Joshua Aaron","last_name":"Roberson","domain_name":"memphis","page_name":"JoshuaAaronRoberson","display_name":"Joshua Aaron Roberson","profile_url":"https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/460248/151577/11002368/s65_joshua_aaron.roberson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_627550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="627550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 627550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_627550", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_627550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 627550; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_627550"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_627550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="627550"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 627550; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=627550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_627550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_627550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="627550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=627550]'), work: {"id":627550,"title":"The Early History of \"New Kingdom\" Netherworld Iconography: A Late Middle Kingdom Apotropaic Wand Reconsidered","created_at":"2011-05-29T13:02:14.127-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/627550/The_Early_History_of_New_Kingdom_Netherworld_Iconography_A_Late_Middle_Kingdom_Apotropaic_Wand_Reconsidered?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_627550","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":3384790,"asset_id":627550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":460248,"first_name":"Joshua Aaron","last_name":"Roberson","domain_name":"memphis","page_name":"JoshuaAaronRoberson","display_name":"Joshua Aaron Roberson","profile_url":"https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/460248/151577/11002368/s65_joshua_aaron.roberson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":20680,"name":"Egyptian religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21668,"name":"Egyptian Ritual Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Ritual_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33378,"name":"Egyptian Religion (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Religion_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34373,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Cosmology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36252,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Magic?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22264759" data-work_id="22264759" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22264759/_Social_inequality_private_accumulation_of_wealth_and_new_ideological_values_in_late_3rd_millennium_BCE_Egypt_In_H_Meller_et_alii_ed_Arm_und_Reich_Zur_Ressourcenverteilung_in_pr%C3%A4historischen_Gesellschaften_Landesmuseum_f%C3%BCr_Vorgeschichte_Halle_Saale_Halle_2016_p_491_512">“Social inequality, private accumulation of wealth and new ideological values in late 3rd millennium BCE Egypt”. In H. Meller et alii (ed.), Arm und Reich—Zur Ressourcenverteilung in prähistorischen Gesellschaften, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale), Halle, 2016, p. 491-512.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22264759" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <a href="http://portal.dnb.de" rel="nofollow">http://portal.dnb.de</a> abrufbar.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22264759" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b3badba0ac5939c7b0d81473b3cf7204" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57476693,"asset_id":22264759,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57476693/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22264759 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22264759"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22264759, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22264759", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_22264759 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22264759; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22264759"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22264759 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22264759"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22264759; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22264759]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22264759").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22264759").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22264759"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">31</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="397" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology">Near Eastern Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="397" type="text/json">{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1271" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies">Near Eastern Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1271" type="text/json">{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22264759]'), work: {"id":22264759,"title":"“Social inequality, private accumulation of wealth and new ideological values in late 3rd millennium BCE Egypt”. In H. Meller et alii (ed.), Arm und Reich—Zur Ressourcenverteilung in prähistorischen Gesellschaften, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale), Halle, 2016, p. 491-512.","created_at":"2016-02-21T14:51:33.686-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22264759/_Social_inequality_private_accumulation_of_wealth_and_new_ideological_values_in_late_3rd_millennium_BCE_Egypt_In_H_Meller_et_alii_ed_Arm_und_Reich_Zur_Ressourcenverteilung_in_pr%C3%A4historischen_Gesellschaften_Landesmuseum_f%C3%BCr_Vorgeschichte_Halle_Saale_Halle_2016_p_491_512?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_22264759","summary":"Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://portal.dnb.de abrufbar.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57476693,"asset_id":22264759,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1271,"name":"Near Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3619,"name":"Rural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3787,"name":"Levantine Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levantine_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8324,"name":"Ancient economies (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economies_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20549,"name":"Nubian-Egyptian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33104,"name":"Ancient Agriculture \u0026 Farming (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Agriculture_and_Farming_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33108,"name":"Ancient Trade \u0026 Commerce (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Trade_and_Commerce_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33259,"name":"Middle Bronze Age","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Bronze_Age?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33457,"name":"Material Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39480,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Literature?f_ri=9943"},{"id":40806,"name":"Ancient Nubia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Nubia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44542,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":52227,"name":"Ancient Near Eastern Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_Eastern_Economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":107177,"name":"First Intermediate Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Intermediate_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":340620,"name":"Rural studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rural_studies?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36794313" data-work_id="36794313" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36794313/Ancient_Egyptian_Imperialism_Wiley_Blackwell_2018_">Ancient Egyptian Imperialism. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2018)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36794313" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0dc974f20fbdc4270c3962e4f79d50dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57879211,"asset_id":36794313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57879211/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="184730" href="https://barnard.academia.edu/EllenMorris">Ellen Morris</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="184730" type="text/json">{"id":184730,"first_name":"Ellen","last_name":"Morris","domain_name":"barnard","page_name":"EllenMorris","display_name":"Ellen Morris","profile_url":"https://barnard.academia.edu/EllenMorris?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184730/45381/5012137/s65_ellen.morris.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36794313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36794313"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36794313, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36794313", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36794313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36794313; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36794313"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36794313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36794313"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36794313; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36794313]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36794313").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36794313").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36794313"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18727" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Imperialism">History of Imperialism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18727" type="text/json">{"id":18727,"name":"History of Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Imperialism?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20549" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations">Nubian-Egyptian Relations</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20549" type="text/json">{"id":20549,"name":"Nubian-Egyptian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36794313]'), work: {"id":36794313,"title":"Ancient Egyptian Imperialism. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2018)","created_at":"2018-06-06T13:06:29.004-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36794313/Ancient_Egyptian_Imperialism_Wiley_Blackwell_2018_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_36794313","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57879211,"asset_id":36794313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":184730,"first_name":"Ellen","last_name":"Morris","domain_name":"barnard","page_name":"EllenMorris","display_name":"Ellen Morris","profile_url":"https://barnard.academia.edu/EllenMorris?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184730/45381/5012137/s65_ellen.morris.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":18727,"name":"History of Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Imperialism?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":20549,"name":"Nubian-Egyptian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nubian-Egyptian_Relations?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":32634,"name":"Egypt and Canaan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_and_Canaan?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56908,"name":"Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":293688,"name":"Archaeology of the Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Levant?f_ri=9943"},{"id":443009,"name":"Bronze Age Cultural Interconnections and Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Cultural_Interconnections_and_Trade?f_ri=9943"},{"id":553718,"name":"Ancient Egyptian social history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_social_history?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1019273,"name":"Colonialism and Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism_and_Imperialism?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1496067 coauthored" data-work_id="1496067" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1496067/The_Arab_Revolutions_in_Context_Civil_Society_and_Democracy_in_a_Changing_Middle_East">The Arab Revolutions in Context: Civil Society and Democracy in a Changing Middle East</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">From late 2010 a series of dramatic and unprecedented events swept across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), toppling several autocratic regimes that had held power for decades and ushering in a new climate of dissent and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1496067" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">From late 2010 a series of dramatic and unprecedented events swept across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), toppling several autocratic regimes that had held power for decades and ushering in a new climate of dissent and democratization. This book seizes a unique opportunity to reflect on these seismic events, their causes and consequences, and the core issues facing the region as it moves forward. However, this volume aims to be so much more than a collection of detailed thematic essays on the Arab Revolutions. The central argument and the key contribution of this book are twofold. Firstly, it aims to situate the Arab Revolutions within their broader contextual background, arguing that a unique set of historical events as well as local, regional and global dynamics have converged to provide the catalyst that triggered the recent revolts. Secondly, this book will attempt to situate the events within a new conceptual framework. The argument here is that the Arab Revolutions pose a very specific challenge to conventional wisdom concerning democracy and democratisation in the Middle East.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1496067" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2c0194a3857d75eabe39decf32bfe87d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56064239,"asset_id":1496067,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56064239/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51183" href="https://deakin.academia.edu/BenjaminIsakhan">Benjamin Isakhan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51183" type="text/json">{"id":51183,"first_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Isakhan","domain_name":"deakin","page_name":"BenjaminIsakhan","display_name":"Benjamin Isakhan","profile_url":"https://deakin.academia.edu/BenjaminIsakhan?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51183/15567/18712076/s65_benjamin.isakhan.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-1496067">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-1496067"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://deakin.academia.edu/FethiMansouri">Fethi Mansouri</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://deakin.academia.edu/SAkbarzadeh">Shahram Akbarzadeh</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-1496067'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-1496067').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1496067 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1496067"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1496067, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1496067", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1496067 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1496067; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1496067"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1496067 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1496067"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1496067; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1496067]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1496067").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1496067").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1496067"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">118</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1496067]'), work: {"id":1496067,"title":"The Arab Revolutions in Context: Civil Society and Democracy in a Changing Middle East","created_at":"2012-04-02T14:46:25.661-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1496067/The_Arab_Revolutions_in_Context_Civil_Society_and_Democracy_in_a_Changing_Middle_East?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_1496067","summary":"From late 2010 a series of dramatic and unprecedented events swept across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), toppling several autocratic regimes that had held power for decades and ushering in a new climate of dissent and democratization. This book seizes a unique opportunity to reflect on these seismic events, their causes and consequences, and the core issues facing the region as it moves forward. However, this volume aims to be so much more than a collection of detailed thematic essays on the Arab Revolutions. The central argument and the key contribution of this book are twofold. Firstly, it aims to situate the Arab Revolutions within their broader contextual background, arguing that a unique set of historical events as well as local, regional and global dynamics have converged to provide the catalyst that triggered the recent revolts. Secondly, this book will attempt to situate the events within a new conceptual framework. The argument here is that the Arab Revolutions pose a very specific challenge to conventional wisdom concerning democracy and democratisation in the Middle East.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56064239,"asset_id":1496067,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51183,"first_name":"Benjamin","last_name":"Isakhan","domain_name":"deakin","page_name":"BenjaminIsakhan","display_name":"Benjamin Isakhan","profile_url":"https://deakin.academia.edu/BenjaminIsakhan?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51183/15567/18712076/s65_benjamin.isakhan.jpg"},{"id":8854434,"first_name":"Fethi","last_name":"Mansouri","domain_name":"deakin","page_name":"FethiMansouri","display_name":"Fethi Mansouri","profile_url":"https://deakin.academia.edu/FethiMansouri?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8854434/2911486/3402718/s65_fethi.mansouri.jpg"},{"id":18553596,"first_name":"Shahram","last_name":"Akbarzadeh","domain_name":"deakin","page_name":"SAkbarzadeh","display_name":"Shahram Akbarzadeh","profile_url":"https://deakin.academia.edu/SAkbarzadeh?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18553596/9500795/10585198/s65_shahram.akbarzadeh.jpg_oh_3fca1e894676bb60fadf75a7a2a25b09_oe_55e9225c___gda___1441296838_3bfb74646c94aefe207a968b25ecb866"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":201,"name":"Political Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Sociology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":736,"name":"Islamic Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Economics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":796,"name":"Comparative Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":934,"name":"Media and Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_and_Cultural_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":972,"name":"Self and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_and_Identity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2016,"name":"Middle East \u0026 North Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_and_North_Africa?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2089,"name":"Social Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Identity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2933,"name":"Democratic Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3059,"name":"Religion and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4487,"name":"Revolutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Revolutions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5091,"name":"Democratization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5272,"name":"Identity (Culture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_Culture_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5686,"name":"Political Violence and Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Violence_and_Terrorism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":5815,"name":"Identity politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity_politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6914,"name":"Syrian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syrian_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7743,"name":"Religion \u0026 the Public Sphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion_and_the_Public_Sphere?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7757,"name":"Middle Eastern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Eastern_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7978,"name":"Political History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8032,"name":"Cross-Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-Cultural_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8700,"name":"Turkish and Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_and_Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8875,"name":"Civil Society and the Public Sphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Society_and_the_Public_Sphere?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9517,"name":"Protest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protest?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9569,"name":"Saudi Arabia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saudi_Arabia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9650,"name":"Cultural Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Identity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9868,"name":"Deliberative Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deliberative_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10374,"name":"Middle Eastern Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Eastern_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10422,"name":"National Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Identity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10466,"name":"Media and Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_and_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10467,"name":"Public Sphere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Sphere?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":11155,"name":"Women and Gender Issues in Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_and_Gender_Issues_in_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12029,"name":"Modern Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12809,"name":"Middle Eastern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Eastern_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14181,"name":"Middle East (Political Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Political_Science_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14861,"name":"Arabian Gulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15231,"name":"Yemen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yemen?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15391,"name":"Syria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syria?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15866,"name":"Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17128,"name":"Referendum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Referendum?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17919,"name":"Tunisian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tunisian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18228,"name":"New Models Of Participatory And Direct Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Models_Of_Participatory_And_Direct_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18623,"name":"Middle East Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18639,"name":"Dictatorships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dictatorships?f_ri=9943"},{"id":19004,"name":"Participatory Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Participatory_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":20366,"name":"Elections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elections?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21111,"name":"Saudi Arabia, Yemen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saudi_Arabia_Yemen?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21852,"name":"Governance and Civil Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Governance_and_Civil_Society?f_ri=9943"},{"id":22075,"name":"Democratisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratisation?f_ri=9943"},{"id":24804,"name":"Public sphere (Communication)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_sphere_Communication_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28722,"name":"International Relations of Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations_of_Middle_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30936,"name":"Elections and Voting Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elections_and_Voting_Behavior?f_ri=9943"},{"id":31848,"name":"Labor unions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_unions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":31886,"name":"Radical Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radical_Democracy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33180,"name":"Political Islam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Islam?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34598,"name":"Authoritarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Authoritarianism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36135,"name":"Authoritarian regimes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Authoritarian_regimes?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36290,"name":"Election Campaigning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Election_Campaigning?f_ri=9943"},{"id":36589,"name":"Yemen (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yemen_History_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":43017,"name":"Civil Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Society?f_ri=9943"},{"id":43520,"name":"Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":44006,"name":"Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Identity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":48047,"name":"Trade unions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade_unions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49153,"name":"Libya","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libya?f_ri=9943"},{"id":50785,"name":"Dictatorship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dictatorship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":51334,"name":"Orientalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orientalism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":55704,"name":"Transition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition?f_ri=9943"},{"id":61038,"name":"Democracy and Good Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_and_Good_Governance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":70358,"name":"Protest Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protest_Movements?f_ri=9943"},{"id":75837,"name":"Tunisia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tunisia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":77925,"name":"Military Dictatorship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Dictatorship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":81820,"name":"Social protests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_protests?f_ri=9943"},{"id":93184,"name":"Contemporary Libya","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Libya?f_ri=9943"},{"id":122280,"name":"Egypt, Arab Spring, middle east, Arab studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt_Arab_Spring_middle_east_Arab_studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":124218,"name":"Libya Islamists","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libya_Islamists?f_ri=9943"},{"id":126406,"name":"Protest and resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protest_and_resistance?f_ri=9943"},{"id":128063,"name":"Public Sphere and Public Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Sphere_and_Public_Space?f_ri=9943"},{"id":130397,"name":"Democracia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":137744,"name":"Conflict in Libya","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conflict_in_Libya?f_ri=9943"},{"id":156072,"name":"Samuel P Huntington - Clash of Civilizations theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Samuel_P_Huntington_-_Clash_of_Civilizations_theory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":156860,"name":"Clash of Civilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clash_of_Civilization?f_ri=9943"},{"id":157625,"name":"Referendums","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Referendums?f_ri=9943"},{"id":167342,"name":"Islamic and Middle Eastern studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_and_Middle_Eastern_studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":169938,"name":"Arab Spring (Arab Revolts)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arab_Spring_Arab_Revolts_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":221196,"name":"Tunisian Revolution-Arab Spring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tunisian_Revolution-Arab_Spring?f_ri=9943"},{"id":237989,"name":"Political System and Change in Tunisia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_System_and_Change_in_Tunisia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":250767,"name":"NATO INTERVENTION IN LIBYA AND THE INTERNATIONAL LAW","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NATO_INTERVENTION_IN_LIBYA_AND_THE_INTERNATIONAL_LAW?f_ri=9943"},{"id":255194,"name":"Democratic Transitions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratic_Transitions?f_ri=9943"},{"id":256465,"name":"Social Networking \u0026 Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networking_and_Social_Media?f_ri=9943"},{"id":281578,"name":"Libyan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Libyan_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":302725,"name":"Electoral Authoritarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electoral_Authoritarianism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":332205,"name":"Clash of Civilizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clash_of_Civilizations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":374844,"name":"Democracy and Citizenship Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy_and_Citizenship_Education?f_ri=9943"},{"id":391715,"name":"Ethnicity and National Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnicity_and_National_Identity?f_ri=9943"},{"id":399224,"name":"Tunis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tunis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":436782,"name":"Civil Society Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Society_Organizations?f_ri=9943"},{"id":496484,"name":"Protest and State Repression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protest_and_State_Repression?f_ri=9943"},{"id":575764,"name":"Syrian Conflict","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syrian_Conflict?f_ri=9943"},{"id":597180,"name":"Yemen politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yemen_politics?f_ri=9943"},{"id":711064,"name":"Service delivery protests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Service_delivery_protests?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1011717,"name":"Student Protest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Protest?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1023358,"name":"Social Movements/Civil Society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Movements_Civil_Society?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6599686" data-work_id="6599686" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6599686/A_Contribution_to_the_Textual_and_Iconographical_Study_of_Embossments_from_Third_Intermediate_Period_Mummy_Braces_Chiefly_from_the_Bab_el_Gasus_Cache_and_Now_in_the_Cairo_Museum">A Contribution to the Textual and Iconographical Study of Embossments from Third Intermediate Period Mummy Braces, Chiefly from the Bab el-Gasus Cache and Now in the Cairo Museum</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6599686" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a23dd179a6cfdbce1c33c173c065b48d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53482992,"asset_id":6599686,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53482992/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4553049" href="https://uppsala.academia.edu/LuigiPrada">Luigi Prada</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4553049" type="text/json">{"id":4553049,"first_name":"Luigi","last_name":"Prada","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"LuigiPrada","display_name":"Luigi Prada","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/LuigiPrada?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4553049/1887029/2238795/s65_luigi.prada.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6599686 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6599686"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6599686, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6599686", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6599686 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6599686; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6599686"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6599686 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6599686"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6599686; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6599686]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6599686").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6599686").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6599686"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6599686]'), work: {"id":6599686,"title":"A Contribution to the Textual and Iconographical Study of Embossments from Third Intermediate Period Mummy Braces, Chiefly from the Bab el-Gasus Cache and Now in the Cairo Museum","created_at":"2014-03-30T21:50:12.733-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6599686/A_Contribution_to_the_Textual_and_Iconographical_Study_of_Embossments_from_Third_Intermediate_Period_Mummy_Braces_Chiefly_from_the_Bab_el_Gasus_Cache_and_Now_in_the_Cairo_Museum?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_6599686","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53482992,"asset_id":6599686,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4553049,"first_name":"Luigi","last_name":"Prada","domain_name":"uppsala","page_name":"LuigiPrada","display_name":"Luigi Prada","profile_url":"https://uppsala.academia.edu/LuigiPrada?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4553049/1887029/2238795/s65_luigi.prada.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33127,"name":"Third Intermediate Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Intermediate_Period?f_ri=9943"},{"id":248229,"name":"•\t21st Dynasty funerary practice – reuse, robbery, and innovation and creation of the 21st Dynasty Egyptian Coffins Database.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/_21st_Dynasty_funerary_practice_-_reuse_robbery_and_innovation_and_creation_of_the_21st_Dynas?f_ri=9943"},{"id":830018,"name":"High Priest of Amun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Priest_of_Amun?f_ri=9943"},{"id":925666,"name":"Thebes (Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thebes_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30572674" data-work_id="30572674" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30572674/Cultural_and_Religious_Impacts_of_Long_Term_Cross_Cultural_Migration_Between_Egypt_and_the_Levant_in_Journal_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Interconnections_12_2016_50_88">Cultural and Religious Impacts of Long-Term Cross-Cultural Migration Between Egypt and the Levant, in Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 12, 2016, 50-88.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An increase of cross-cultural learning as a consequence of increased travel and migration between Egypt and the Levant during the Iron Age occurred after millennia of migration in earlier times. The result was an Egyptian-Levantine koine,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30572674" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An increase of cross-cultural learning as a consequence of increased travel and migration between Egypt and the Levant during the Iron Age occurred after millennia of migration in earlier times. The result was an Egyptian-Levantine koine, often not recognized as relevant by historians due to an uncritical reproduction of ancient myths of separation. However, the cultural exchange triggered by migration is attested in the language, in the iconography of the region, in the history of the alphabet, in literary motifs, in the characterization of central characters of the Hebrew Bible and, last but not least, in the rise of new religions, which integrated the experience of otherness in a new ethos.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30572674" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fce5d362aa110669d5d593b689311a39" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51014356,"asset_id":30572674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51014356/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18129114" href="https://unifr.academia.edu/ThomasStaubli">Thomas Staubli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18129114" type="text/json">{"id":18129114,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Staubli","domain_name":"unifr","page_name":"ThomasStaubli","display_name":"Thomas Staubli","profile_url":"https://unifr.academia.edu/ThomasStaubli?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18129114/5059357/28987001/s65_thomas.staubli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30572674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30572674"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30572674, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30572674", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30572674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30572674; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30572674"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30572674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30572674"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30572674; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30572674]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30572674").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30572674").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30572674"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="869" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iconography">Iconography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="869" type="text/json">{"id":869,"name":"Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iconography?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30572674]'), work: {"id":30572674,"title":"Cultural and Religious Impacts of Long-Term Cross-Cultural Migration Between Egypt and the Levant, in Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 12, 2016, 50-88.","created_at":"2016-12-22T02:32:59.489-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30572674/Cultural_and_Religious_Impacts_of_Long_Term_Cross_Cultural_Migration_Between_Egypt_and_the_Levant_in_Journal_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Interconnections_12_2016_50_88?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_30572674","summary":"An increase of cross-cultural learning as a consequence of increased travel and migration between Egypt and the Levant during the Iron Age occurred after millennia of migration in earlier times. The result was an Egyptian-Levantine koine, often not recognized as relevant by historians due to an uncritical reproduction of ancient myths of separation. However, the cultural exchange triggered by migration is attested in the language, in the iconography of the region, in the history of the alphabet, in literary motifs, in the characterization of central characters of the Hebrew Bible and, last but not least, in the rise of new religions, which integrated the experience of otherness in a new ethos.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51014356,"asset_id":30572674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18129114,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Staubli","domain_name":"unifr","page_name":"ThomasStaubli","display_name":"Thomas Staubli","profile_url":"https://unifr.academia.edu/ThomasStaubli?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18129114/5059357/28987001/s65_thomas.staubli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":869,"name":"Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iconography?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3787,"name":"Levantine Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levantine_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4173,"name":"Hebrew Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4850,"name":"Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration?f_ri=9943"},{"id":6528,"name":"Biblical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9514,"name":"Levant Prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levant_Prehistory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":18105,"name":"Graeco-Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27032,"name":"Christian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":28127,"name":"Levantine prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levantine_prehistory?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32065,"name":"Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_and_Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":40785,"name":"Biblical Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Exegesis?f_ri=9943"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49311,"name":"Ancient Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":91964,"name":"1) cultural interconnections and trade (Egypt and Levant)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/1_cultural_interconnections_and_trade_Egypt_and_Levant_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":128101,"name":"Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levant?f_ri=9943"},{"id":135866,"name":"Pre-Exilic Ancient Israel - Hebrew Bible and Archaeology; Phoenician-Punic language and epigraphy; Levantine Archaeology (espeically Biblical Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pre-Exilic_Ancient_Israel_-_Hebrew_Bible_and_Archaeology_Phoenician-Punic_language_and_epigraphy_L?f_ri=9943"},{"id":172645,"name":"Archaeology of the Southern Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Southern_Levant?f_ri=9943"},{"id":291776,"name":"Late Bronze Age Levant and new kingdom Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_Levant_and_new_kingdom_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":293688,"name":"Archaeology of the Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Levant?f_ri=9943"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=9943"},{"id":687009,"name":"Biblical and Levantine History and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_and_Levantine_History_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":954139,"name":"The Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Levant?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_336584" data-work_id="336584" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/336584/2007_Contacts_between_pre_classical_Greece_and_the_Near_East_in_the_context_of_cultural_influences_An_overview">2007 Contacts between pre-classical Greece and the Near East in the context of cultural influences: An overview.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The subject of the relations between pre-classical Greece and the ancient Near East has received ample attention in recent times. Archaeologists and historians have discussed ways in which peoples came into contact in the Late Bronze,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_336584" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The subject of the relations between pre-classical Greece and the ancient Near East has received ample attention in recent times. Archaeologists and historians have discussed ways in which peoples came into contact in the Late Bronze, Dark and Greek Archaic Ages, while others have published about cultural elements that the Greeks might have taken over from the ancient Near East. As a result, the old position about the isolated development of the Greek world has become untenable: the origins of many elements of Greek culture can now without a doubt be traced outside the Greek world. Nonetheless, the available archaeological and historical data is hardly ever taken into account in research on cultural influences. Consequently, publications on influences often seem incomplete, since attention is paid only to the similarities between certain cultural elements without consideration of the process of transmission. This article is intended to contribute to changing this situation by gathering the archaeological and historical data relevant for research on Near Eastern influences on ancient Greece, in order to present an overview of which groups of people in what time and under what circumstances the Greeks met or came to know about.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/336584" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8fe2c89ac40b0ed841d21b8127075627" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":1711138,"asset_id":336584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/1711138/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="252664" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ErikvanDongen">Erik van Dongen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="252664" type="text/json">{"id":252664,"first_name":"Erik","last_name":"van Dongen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ErikvanDongen","display_name":"Erik van Dongen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ErikvanDongen?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/252664/54076/63864/s65_erik.van_dongen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_336584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="336584"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 336584, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_336584", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_336584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 336584; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_336584"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_336584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="336584"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 336584; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=336584]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_336584").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_336584").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="336584"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levantine_Archaeology">Levantine Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3787" type="text/json">{"id":3787,"name":"Levantine Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levantine_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6755" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamia_History">Mesopotamia History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6755" type="text/json">{"id":6755,"name":"Mesopotamia History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamia_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=336584]'), work: {"id":336584,"title":"2007 Contacts between pre-classical Greece and the Near East in the context of cultural influences: An overview.","created_at":"2010-09-23T00:12:05.604-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/336584/2007_Contacts_between_pre_classical_Greece_and_the_Near_East_in_the_context_of_cultural_influences_An_overview?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_336584","summary":"The subject of the relations between pre-classical Greece and the ancient Near East has received ample attention in recent times. Archaeologists and historians have discussed ways in which peoples came into contact in the Late Bronze, Dark and Greek Archaic Ages, while others have published about cultural elements that the Greeks might have taken over from the ancient Near East. As a result, the old position about the isolated development of the Greek world has become untenable: the origins of many elements of Greek culture can now without a doubt be traced outside the Greek world. Nonetheless, the available archaeological and historical data is hardly ever taken into account in research on cultural influences. Consequently, publications on influences often seem incomplete, since attention is paid only to the similarities between certain cultural elements without consideration of the process of transmission. This article is intended to contribute to changing this situation by gathering the archaeological and historical data relevant for research on Near Eastern influences on ancient Greece, in order to present an overview of which groups of people in what time and under what circumstances the Greeks met or came to know about.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":1711138,"asset_id":336584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":252664,"first_name":"Erik","last_name":"van Dongen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ErikvanDongen","display_name":"Erik van Dongen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ErikvanDongen?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/252664/54076/63864/s65_erik.van_dongen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3787,"name":"Levantine Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Levantine_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":6755,"name":"Mesopotamia History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mesopotamia_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":13515,"name":"Aegean Bronze Age (Bronze Age Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aegean_Bronze_Age_Bronze_Age_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":22878,"name":"Ancient Greek History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41276,"name":"Ancient Anatolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Anatolia?f_ri=9943"},{"id":45849,"name":"Archaic Greece","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaic_Greece?f_ri=9943"},{"id":86109,"name":"Cyprus and the East Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyprus_and_the_East_Mediterranean?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1389707" data-work_id="1389707" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1389707/Manuscript_Notes_as_Documentary_Sources">Manuscript Notes as Documentary Sources</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Arabic manuscripts abound in notes: readers scribbled notes recording their reading of the text, teachers issued certificates and licences of transmission, owners stated their legal ownership of the manuscript, users praised (or... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1389707" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Arabic manuscripts abound in notes: readers scribbled notes recording their reading of the text, teachers issued certificates and licences of transmission, owners stated their legal ownership of the manuscript, users praised (or dispraised) the text, copyists added their verses and endowers set down their conditions. This copious material represents a unique resource for widening our understanding of Middle Eastern societies and for studying a variety of fields, such as social history, history of ideas, economic history, urban history, historical topography and biographical studies. This is the first volume that is specifically dedicated to discussing the potential of this source material. The eleven contributors, among them some of the leading researchers in this field, discuss case studies that date from the classical period to the 20th century and that originate in the different regions of the Middle East from Anatolia to Yemen and from North Africa to Iraq. The contributions collected in this volume show that the study of manuscript notes has set off to new horizons and that it will enhance our knowledge about societies in the region.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1389707" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="59d272e9aaa2495ee0fac15f1c8dc194" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56278034,"asset_id":1389707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56278034/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="346147" href="https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/KonradHirschler">Konrad Hirschler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="346147" type="text/json">{"id":346147,"first_name":"Konrad","last_name":"Hirschler","domain_name":"uni-hamburg","page_name":"KonradHirschler","display_name":"Konrad Hirschler","profile_url":"https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/KonradHirschler?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/346147/10010062/17609156/s65_konrad.hirschler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1389707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1389707"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1389707, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1389707", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1389707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1389707; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1389707"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1389707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1389707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1389707; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1389707]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1389707").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1389707").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1389707"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2603" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History">Middle East History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2603" type="text/json">{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6663" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscript_Studies">Manuscript Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6663" type="text/json">{"id":6663,"name":"Manuscript Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscript_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1389707]'), work: {"id":1389707,"title":"Manuscript Notes as Documentary Sources","created_at":"2012-02-14T02:15:04.181-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1389707/Manuscript_Notes_as_Documentary_Sources?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_1389707","summary":"Arabic manuscripts abound in notes: readers scribbled notes recording their reading of the text, teachers issued certificates and licences of transmission, owners stated their legal ownership of the manuscript, users praised (or dispraised) the text, copyists added their verses and endowers set down their conditions. This copious material represents a unique resource for widening our understanding of Middle Eastern societies and for studying a variety of fields, such as social history, history of ideas, economic history, urban history, historical topography and biographical studies. This is the first volume that is specifically dedicated to discussing the potential of this source material. The eleven contributors, among them some of the leading researchers in this field, discuss case studies that date from the classical period to the 20th century and that originate in the different regions of the Middle East from Anatolia to Yemen and from North Africa to Iraq. The contributions collected in this volume show that the study of manuscript notes has set off to new horizons and that it will enhance our knowledge about societies in the region. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56278034,"asset_id":1389707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":346147,"first_name":"Konrad","last_name":"Hirschler","domain_name":"uni-hamburg","page_name":"KonradHirschler","display_name":"Konrad Hirschler","profile_url":"https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/KonradHirschler?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/346147/10010062/17609156/s65_konrad.hirschler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":2603,"name":"Middle East History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":6663,"name":"Manuscript Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscript_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":15382,"name":"Syrian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syrian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26891,"name":"Manuscripts (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscripts_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26892,"name":"Codicology of medieval manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codicology_of_medieval_manuscripts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":72895,"name":"Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscripts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":81299,"name":"Islamic Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Manuscripts?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7447397" data-work_id="7447397" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7447397/List_of_publications_updated_23_May_2024_">List of publications (updated 23 May 2024).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7447397" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f95bdf75f19e35e9b9394e7bad16e556" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":115242753,"asset_id":7447397,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115242753/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="274957" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia">Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="274957" type="text/json">{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7447397 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7447397"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7447397, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7447397", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7447397 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7447397; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7447397"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7447397 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7447397"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7447397; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7447397]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7447397").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7447397").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7447397"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="137" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History">Economic History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="137" type="text/json">{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7447397]'), work: {"id":7447397,"title":"List of publications (updated 23 May 2024).","created_at":"2014-06-24T09:48:40.798-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7447397/List_of_publications_updated_23_May_2024_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_7447397","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":115242753,"asset_id":7447397,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":274957,"first_name":"Juan Carlos","last_name":"Moreno Garcia","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia","display_name":"Juan Carlos Moreno Garcia","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/JuanCarlosMorenoGarcia?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/274957/91906/16755128/s65_juan_carlos.moreno_garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":137,"name":"Economic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=9943"},{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3620,"name":"Comparative History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=9943"},{"id":8324,"name":"Ancient economies (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economies_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32296,"name":"Ancient Near East (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33104,"name":"Ancient Agriculture \u0026 Farming (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Agriculture_and_Farming_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33108,"name":"Ancient Trade \u0026 Commerce (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Trade_and_Commerce_Archaeology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":41303,"name":"Social History (Ancient Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History_Ancient_Egypt_?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35959799 coauthored" data-work_id="35959799" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35959799/_Archives_in_Ancient_Egypt_2500_1000_BCE_">"Archives in Ancient Egypt, 2500-1000 BCE"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article gathers and describes the evidence relating to archives in ancient Egypt in the period c. 2500–1000 BCE, and discusses its importance for our understanding of archival practices and functions. The material, which consists... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35959799" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article gathers and describes the evidence relating to archives in ancient <br />Egypt in the period c. 2500–1000 BCE, and discusses its importance for our <br />understanding of archival practices and functions. The material, which consists <br />primarily of papyri, ostraca and, in some extraordinary cases, of clay tablets, is invariably <br />fragmentary, widely distributed both chronologically and geographically, <br />and in many cases largely unpublished. The article provides a convenient overview <br />of the contents of the surviving archives with a notable focus on types of documents <br />and their uses, as well as archaeological context and the materiality of manuscripts. <br />Contextual material is only occasionally cited, and the emphasis throughout is on <br />the physical documents as remains of archival holdings.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35959799" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="239a04e3ba2533493b98b96dc4475f91" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55842744,"asset_id":35959799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55842744/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1733700" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/FredrikHagen">Fredrik Hagen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1733700" type="text/json">{"id":1733700,"first_name":"Fredrik","last_name":"Hagen","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"FredrikHagen","display_name":"Fredrik Hagen","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/FredrikHagen?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35959799">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35959799"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://rmo.academia.edu/DanielSoliman">Daniel Soliman</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35959799'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35959799').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35959799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35959799"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35959799, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35959799", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35959799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35959799; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35959799"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35959799 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35959799"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35959799; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35959799]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35959799").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35959799").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35959799"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27750" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hieratic">Hieratic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27750" type="text/json">{"id":27750,"name":"Hieratic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hieratic?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="594449" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Administration">Ancient Egyptian Administration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="594449" type="text/json">{"id":594449,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Administration?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35959799]'), work: {"id":35959799,"title":"\"Archives in Ancient Egypt, 2500-1000 BCE\"","created_at":"2018-02-19T08:17:17.891-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35959799/_Archives_in_Ancient_Egypt_2500_1000_BCE_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_35959799","summary":"The article gathers and describes the evidence relating to archives in ancient\r\nEgypt in the period c. 2500–1000 BCE, and discusses its importance for our\r\nunderstanding of archival practices and functions. The material, which consists\r\nprimarily of papyri, ostraca and, in some extraordinary cases, of clay tablets, is invariably\r\nfragmentary, widely distributed both chronologically and geographically,\r\nand in many cases largely unpublished. The article provides a convenient overview\r\nof the contents of the surviving archives with a notable focus on types of documents\r\nand their uses, as well as archaeological context and the materiality of manuscripts.\r\nContextual material is only occasionally cited, and the emphasis throughout is on\r\nthe physical documents as remains of archival holdings.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55842744,"asset_id":35959799,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1733700,"first_name":"Fredrik","last_name":"Hagen","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"FredrikHagen","display_name":"Fredrik Hagen","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/FredrikHagen?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":2224599,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Soliman","domain_name":"rmo","page_name":"DanielSoliman","display_name":"Daniel Soliman","profile_url":"https://rmo.academia.edu/DanielSoliman?f_ri=9943","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":27750,"name":"Hieratic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hieratic?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":594449,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Administration?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30500914" data-work_id="30500914" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30500914/THE_MUSLIM_BROTHERHOOD_THE_ORGANIZATION_AND_POLICIES_OF_A_GLOBAL_ISLAMIST_MOVEMENT_Edited_by_Barry_Rubin">THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD: THE ORGANIZATION AND POLICIES OF A GLOBAL ISLAMIST MOVEMENT, Edited by: Barry Rubin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Muslim Brotherhood is by far the most successful Islamist group in the world: a point often overlooked by those studying such matters. There are good reasons for people not to take note of this point. The Brotherhoods in each country... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30500914" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Muslim Brotherhood is by far the most successful Islamist group in<br />the world: a point often overlooked by those studying such matters. There are good reasons for people not to take note of this point. The Brotherhoods in each country are independent of each other; they usually do not use terrorism; they often follow different policies adapted to their surroundings, and they often try to avoid publicity.<br />Nevertheless, the organization—or one might better to say this loose collection of organizations with many similarities among them—is well worth studying. The Brotherhood was the first modern Islamist group to be formed, and in many places, it is a large and influential organization. <br /><br />At the same time, it has never quite seized state power anywhere—though one might say it did so at times in Sudan, and Hamas rules the Gaza Strip—though it still aspires everywhere to this goal.<br /><br />This raises perhaps important questions about the Brotherhood, which is<br />dealt with by every chapter in this book, namely, is it a revolutionary or reformist organization? Does it prefer violent or peaceful means? While following tactics and strategies appropriate for its specific circumstances—and also based on the preferences of its local leaders—the Brotherhood does seek a thoroughly Islamized society and polity in which it exercises state power.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30500914" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c30f52e75e77c5f42043a6531dc9bed0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50941990,"asset_id":30500914,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50941990/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26189388" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian">Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26189388" type="text/json">{"id":26189388,"first_name":"Garabet","last_name":"Moumdjian, Ph.D.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GarabetMoumdjian","display_name":"Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26189388/7205849/68487814/s65_garabet.moumdjian_ph.d..png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30500914 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30500914"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30500914, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30500914", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30500914 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30500914; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30500914"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30500914 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30500914"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30500914; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30500914]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30500914").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30500914").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30500914"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy">Islamic Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5674" type="text/json">{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15800" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History">Islamic History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15800" type="text/json">{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30500914]'), work: {"id":30500914,"title":"THE MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD: THE ORGANIZATION AND POLICIES OF A GLOBAL ISLAMIST MOVEMENT, Edited by: Barry Rubin","created_at":"2016-12-17T17:11:38.073-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30500914/THE_MUSLIM_BROTHERHOOD_THE_ORGANIZATION_AND_POLICIES_OF_A_GLOBAL_ISLAMIST_MOVEMENT_Edited_by_Barry_Rubin?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_30500914","summary":"The Muslim Brotherhood is by far the most successful Islamist group in\nthe world: a point often overlooked by those studying such matters. There are good reasons for people not to take note of this point. The Brotherhoods in each country are independent of each other; they usually do not use terrorism; they often follow different policies adapted to their surroundings, and they often try to avoid publicity.\nNevertheless, the organization—or one might better to say this loose collection of organizations with many similarities among them—is well worth studying. The Brotherhood was the first modern Islamist group to be formed, and in many places, it is a large and influential organization. \n\nAt the same time, it has never quite seized state power anywhere—though one might say it did so at times in Sudan, and Hamas rules the Gaza Strip—though it still aspires everywhere to this goal.\n\nThis raises perhaps important questions about the Brotherhood, which is\ndealt with by every chapter in this book, namely, is it a revolutionary or reformist organization? Does it prefer violent or peaceful means? While following tactics and strategies appropriate for its specific circumstances—and also based on the preferences of its local leaders—the Brotherhood does seek a thoroughly Islamized society and polity in which it exercises state power.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50941990,"asset_id":30500914,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26189388,"first_name":"Garabet","last_name":"Moumdjian, Ph.D.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GarabetMoumdjian","display_name":"Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26189388/7205849/68487814/s65_garabet.moumdjian_ph.d..png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5674,"name":"Islamic Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Philosophy?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":15800,"name":"Islamic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":16171,"name":"Islamic Political Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Political_Thought?f_ri=9943"},{"id":40114,"name":"Muslim Brotherhood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Brotherhood?f_ri=9943"},{"id":43521,"name":"Religious Fundamentalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Fundamentalism?f_ri=9943"},{"id":147675,"name":"Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt after the Egyptian revolution 2011","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Muslim_Brotherhood_in_Egypt_after_the_Egyptian_revolution_2011?f_ri=9943"},{"id":205410,"name":"Islamic fundamentalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_fundamentalism?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1967409" data-work_id="1967409" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1967409/The_Awakening_of_Osiris_and_the_Transit_of_the_Solar_Barques_Royal_Apotheosis_in_a_Most_Concise_Book_of_the_Underworld_and_Sky">The Awakening of Osiris and the Transit of the Solar Barques: Royal Apotheosis in a Most Concise Book of the Underworld and Sky.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Among the many scenes and texts that occur for the first time in the Nineteenth Dynasty cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos is a representation of the awakening of Osiris by Horus, which appears directly beneath a vignette depicting the transit... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1967409" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Among the many scenes and texts that occur for the first time in the Nineteenth Dynasty cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos is a representation of the awakening of Osiris by Horus, which appears directly beneath a vignette depicting the transit of the solar barques. The annotations to this bi-partite tableau appear in a mixture of standard, hieroglyphic Egyptian and cryptographic scripts. Similar groups of scenes and texts occur in the Twentieth Dynasty royal tombs of Ramesses VI (KV9) and Ramesses IX (KV6), the Twenty-Second Dynasty tomb of Sheshonq III at Tanis (NRT5), and the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty private tomb of Mutirdis at Thebes (TT410). In addition, significant, albeit partial parallels occur on the Twenty-Second Dynasty sarcophagus of Psusennes and a Ptolemaic sarcophagus inscribed for a certain Khaf. This study offers a summary of the scenes’ iconography together with the first synoptic edition of the relevant annotations, taking into account all currently published exemplars. Many of the cryptographic texts are translated here for the first time, with improved or significantly expanded readings for other texts, which had been discussed in prior literature. The author also considers the meaning and context of the paired scenes in both royal and private monuments, in order to demonstrate the status of the bi-partite tableau as a unified composition. This composition is identified as a concise representative of the cosmological genre referred to usually as the Books of the Underworld and Sky.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1967409" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e37d3b4c7579f9d787281b76000e52ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58442198,"asset_id":1967409,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58442198/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="460248" href="https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson">Joshua Aaron Roberson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="460248" type="text/json">{"id":460248,"first_name":"Joshua Aaron","last_name":"Roberson","domain_name":"memphis","page_name":"JoshuaAaronRoberson","display_name":"Joshua Aaron Roberson","profile_url":"https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/460248/151577/11002368/s65_joshua_aaron.roberson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1967409 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1967409"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1967409, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1967409", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1967409 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1967409; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1967409"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1967409 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1967409"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1967409; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1967409]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1967409").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1967409").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1967409"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3497" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmology_Anthropology_">Cosmology (Anthropology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3497" type="text/json">{"id":3497,"name":"Cosmology (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmology_Anthropology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1967409]'), work: {"id":1967409,"title":"The Awakening of Osiris and the Transit of the Solar Barques: Royal Apotheosis in a Most Concise Book of the Underworld and Sky.","created_at":"2012-09-25T03:57:31.319-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1967409/The_Awakening_of_Osiris_and_the_Transit_of_the_Solar_Barques_Royal_Apotheosis_in_a_Most_Concise_Book_of_the_Underworld_and_Sky?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_1967409","summary":"Among the many scenes and texts that occur for the first time in the Nineteenth Dynasty cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos is a representation of the awakening of Osiris by Horus, which appears directly beneath a vignette depicting the transit of the solar barques. The annotations to this bi-partite tableau appear in a mixture of standard, hieroglyphic Egyptian and cryptographic scripts. Similar groups of scenes and texts occur in the Twentieth Dynasty royal tombs of Ramesses VI (KV9) and Ramesses IX (KV6), the Twenty-Second Dynasty tomb of Sheshonq III at Tanis (NRT5), and the Twenty-Sixth Dynasty private tomb of Mutirdis at Thebes (TT410). In addition, significant, albeit partial parallels occur on the Twenty-Second Dynasty sarcophagus of Psusennes and a Ptolemaic sarcophagus inscribed for a certain Khaf. This study offers a summary of the scenes’ iconography together with the first synoptic edition of the relevant annotations, taking into account all currently published exemplars. Many of the cryptographic texts are translated here for the first time, with improved or significantly expanded readings for other texts, which had been discussed in prior literature. The author also considers the meaning and context of the paired scenes in both royal and private monuments, in order to demonstrate the status of the bi-partite tableau as a unified composition. This composition is identified as a concise representative of the cosmological genre referred to usually as the Books of the Underworld and Sky.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58442198,"asset_id":1967409,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":460248,"first_name":"Joshua Aaron","last_name":"Roberson","domain_name":"memphis","page_name":"JoshuaAaronRoberson","display_name":"Joshua Aaron Roberson","profile_url":"https://memphis.academia.edu/JoshuaAaronRoberson?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/460248/151577/11002368/s65_joshua_aaron.roberson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3497,"name":"Cosmology (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cosmology_Anthropology_?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":12451,"name":"Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":12455,"name":"Middle Egyptian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Egyptian?f_ri=9943"},{"id":21668,"name":"Egyptian Ritual Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Ritual_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23460,"name":"Ritual and Performance (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual_and_Performance_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":30593,"name":"Egyptian Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Texts?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32097,"name":"Studies in ancient cryptography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Studies_in_ancient_cryptography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":33378,"name":"Egyptian Religion (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Religion_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34373,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Cosmology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Cosmology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":49311,"name":"Ancient Egyptian language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_language?f_ri=9943"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":225867,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Astronomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Astronomy?f_ri=9943"},{"id":380039,"name":"Egyptian Hieroglyphs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Hieroglyphs?f_ri=9943"},{"id":520229,"name":"Egyptian cryptography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_cryptography?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3559266" data-work_id="3559266" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3559266/Kings_viziers_and_courtiers_executive_power_in_the_third_millennium_B_C">Kings, viziers and courtiers. executive power in the third millennium B.C.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3559266" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bee6a12b218263bcbbb88694ee68a6d3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31273049,"asset_id":3559266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31273049/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="60098" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/MiroslavBarta">Miroslav Barta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="60098" type="text/json">{"id":60098,"first_name":"Miroslav","last_name":"Barta","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MiroslavBarta","display_name":"Miroslav Barta","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MiroslavBarta?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60098/84125/92012/s65_miroslav.barta.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3559266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3559266"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3559266, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3559266", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3559266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3559266; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3559266"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3559266 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3559266"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3559266; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3559266]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3559266").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3559266").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3559266"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5293" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation">State Formation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5293" type="text/json">{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3559266]'), work: {"id":3559266,"title":"Kings, viziers and courtiers. executive power in the third millennium B.C.","created_at":"2013-05-18T16:04:40.568-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3559266/Kings_viziers_and_courtiers_executive_power_in_the_third_millennium_B_C?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_3559266","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31273049,"asset_id":3559266,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60098,"first_name":"Miroslav","last_name":"Barta","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MiroslavBarta","display_name":"Miroslav Barta","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MiroslavBarta?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60098/84125/92012/s65_miroslav.barta.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":10104,"name":"Ancient Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=9943"},{"id":23326,"name":"Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Administration?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":204034,"name":"Sacred and divine kingship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sacred_and_divine_kingship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":602128,"name":"Sociology of the State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_the_State?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28405652" data-work_id="28405652" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28405652/Conflict_in_the_Iconography_of_the_Protodynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Periods">Conflict in the Iconography of the Protodynastic and Early Dynastic Periods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Rich and Great: Studies in Honor of Anthony J. Spalinger on the Occasion  of his 70th Feast of Thoth, edited by Renata Landgráfová and Jana Mynáfová. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, 2016.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28405652" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="31c6864d20b535c7840050efdb124ea8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48745574,"asset_id":28405652,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48745574/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="210115" href="https://auckland.academia.edu/CalebHamilton">Caleb R . Hamilton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="210115" type="text/json">{"id":210115,"first_name":"Caleb","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"auckland","page_name":"CalebHamilton","display_name":"Caleb R . Hamilton","profile_url":"https://auckland.academia.edu/CalebHamilton?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/210115/48528/118934592/s65_caleb.hamilton.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28405652 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28405652"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28405652, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28405652", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28405652 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28405652; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28405652"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28405652 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28405652"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28405652; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28405652]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28405652").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28405652").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28405652"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History">Egyptian History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9943" type="text/json">{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29542" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt">Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29542" type="text/json">{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28405652]'), work: {"id":28405652,"title":"Conflict in the Iconography of the Protodynastic and Early Dynastic Periods","created_at":"2016-09-11T03:42:20.467-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28405652/Conflict_in_the_Iconography_of_the_Protodynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Periods?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_28405652","summary":"Rich and Great: Studies in Honor of Anthony J. Spalinger on the Occasion of his 70th Feast of Thoth, edited by Renata Landgráfová and Jana Mynáfová. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, 2016.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48745574,"asset_id":28405652,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":210115,"first_name":"Caleb","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"auckland","page_name":"CalebHamilton","display_name":"Caleb R . Hamilton","profile_url":"https://auckland.academia.edu/CalebHamilton?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/210115/48528/118934592/s65_caleb.hamilton.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35523,"name":"Early Dynastic (Egyptian History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Dynastic_Egyptian_History_?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12902066" data-work_id="12902066" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12902066/_Los_dos_cuerpos_del_rey_cosmos_y_pol%C3%ADtica_de_la_monarqu%C3%ADa_egipcia_">"Los dos cuerpos del rey: cosmos y política de la monarquía egipcia"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El estudio de la evidencia textual, iconográfica y arqueológica del antiguo Egipto refleja la geminación de la persona del monarca. Esta doble naturaleza explica la multiplicidad de imágenes del rey en las fuentes oficiales y populares y... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12902066" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El estudio de la evidencia textual, iconográfica y arqueológica del antiguo Egipto refleja la geminación de la persona del monarca. Esta doble naturaleza explica la multiplicidad de imágenes del rey en las fuentes oficiales y populares y justifica la ambigüedad de nuestras interpretaciones. En este artículo examino el proceso adaptativo de la monarquía egipcia a diversas condiciones políticas, sociales y religiosas desde sus inicios hasta la época grecorromana, discutiendo los principales mecanismos de poder, propaganda, control y legitimación. El dogma divino de la monarquía otorgó al rey el carácter de un dios a la vez que le relegó a la tierra como Horus en forma mortal. Como líder político aspiró a la consolidación del país, el control de sus recursos y la paz social; como dios demiurgo, generaba y expandía el cosmos, mediaba por la humanidad y protegía el equilibrio cósmico contra las fuerzas del caos. Para conseguir estos objetivos, el rey egipcio hizo uso de mecanismos políticos y mágicos que le asegurasen el dominio del país en el Próximo Oriente y el triunfo de Maat en el cosmos. <br /> <br />The analysis of the textual, iconographic and archaeological evidence in ancient Egypt reveals the gemination of the royal persona. This dual nature explains the multiplicity of images of the king in official and popular sources, and justifies the vagueness of our interpretations. In this work I examine the adaptative process of Egyptian kingship to diverse political, social and religious conditions from its origins to the Graeco-Roman times, focusings on the main mechanisms of power, propaganda, control, and legitimation. The divine royal dogma provided the king with the character of a god although also confined him to earth as Horus in human form. As a political ruler, he aimed at the boost of the country, the control of its recourses, and social stability; as a demiurgic god, he generated and extended cosmos, mediated on behalf of humankind, and protected cosmic equilibrium against the forces of chaos. In order to achieve these goals, the Egyptian king made use of political and magical mechanisms that ensured the hegemony of the country in the Near East and the triumph of Maat in cosmos.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12902066" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a50d2a6374bdf2165c0eac1466c0bc19" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39622226,"asset_id":12902066,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39622226/download_file?st=MTczNDIzMjI1MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="228368" href="https://uah.academia.edu/AntonioJMorales">Antonio J. Morales</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="228368" type="text/json">{"id":228368,"first_name":"Antonio J.","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"uah","page_name":"AntonioJMorales","display_name":"Antonio J. Morales","profile_url":"https://uah.academia.edu/AntonioJMorales?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/228368/50800/14598631/s65_antonio_j..morales.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12902066 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12902066"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12902066, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12902066", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12902066 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12902066; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12902066"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12902066 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12902066"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12902066; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12902066]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12902066").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12902066").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12902066"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">25</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1696" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory">Political Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1696" type="text/json">{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3472" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology">Political Anthropology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3472" type="text/json">{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12902066]'), work: {"id":12902066,"title":"\"Los dos cuerpos del rey: cosmos y política de la monarquía egipcia\"","created_at":"2015-06-10T06:32:00.190-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12902066/_Los_dos_cuerpos_del_rey_cosmos_y_pol%C3%ADtica_de_la_monarqu%C3%ADa_egipcia_?f_ri=9943","dom_id":"work_12902066","summary":"El estudio de la evidencia textual, iconográfica y arqueológica del antiguo Egipto refleja la geminación de la persona del monarca. Esta doble naturaleza explica la multiplicidad de imágenes del rey en las fuentes oficiales y populares y justifica la ambigüedad de nuestras interpretaciones. En este artículo examino el proceso adaptativo de la monarquía egipcia a diversas condiciones políticas, sociales y religiosas desde sus inicios hasta la época grecorromana, discutiendo los principales mecanismos de poder, propaganda, control y legitimación. El dogma divino de la monarquía otorgó al rey el carácter de un dios a la vez que le relegó a la tierra como Horus en forma mortal. Como líder político aspiró a la consolidación del país, el control de sus recursos y la paz social; como dios demiurgo, generaba y expandía el cosmos, mediaba por la humanidad y protegía el equilibrio cósmico contra las fuerzas del caos. Para conseguir estos objetivos, el rey egipcio hizo uso de mecanismos políticos y mágicos que le asegurasen el dominio del país en el Próximo Oriente y el triunfo de Maat en el cosmos.\r\n\r\nThe analysis of the textual, iconographic and archaeological evidence in ancient Egypt reveals the gemination of the royal persona. This dual nature explains the multiplicity of images of the king in official and popular sources, and justifies the vagueness of our interpretations. In this work I examine the adaptative process of Egyptian kingship to diverse political, social and religious conditions from its origins to the Graeco-Roman times, focusings on the main mechanisms of power, propaganda, control, and legitimation. The divine royal dogma provided the king with the character of a god although also confined him to earth as Horus in human form. As a political ruler, he aimed at the boost of the country, the control of its recourses, and social stability; as a demiurgic god, he generated and extended cosmos, mediated on behalf of humankind, and protected cosmic equilibrium against the forces of chaos. In order to achieve these goals, the Egyptian king made use of political and magical mechanisms that ensured the hegemony of the country in the Near East and the triumph of Maat in cosmos. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39622226,"asset_id":12902066,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":228368,"first_name":"Antonio J.","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"uah","page_name":"AntonioJMorales","display_name":"Antonio J. Morales","profile_url":"https://uah.academia.edu/AntonioJMorales?f_ri=9943","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/228368/50800/14598631/s65_antonio_j..morales.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3472,"name":"Political Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Anthropology?f_ri=9943","nofollow":false},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":7978,"name":"Political History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35522,"name":"Egyptian Kingship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Kingship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=9943"},{"id":82680,"name":"Ancient Egyptian kingship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_kingship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":83184,"name":"Middle Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=9943"},{"id":87542,"name":"Religious anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_anthropology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":204034,"name":"Sacred and divine kingship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sacred_and_divine_kingship?f_ri=9943"},{"id":235681,"name":"Pharaonic ideology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharaonic_ideology?f_ri=9943"},{"id":270575,"name":"Late Period in ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Period_in_ancient_Egypt?f_ri=9943"},{"id":469827,"name":"Egyptian Pharaohs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Pharaohs?f_ri=9943"},{"id":492864,"name":"Classics and Ancient History: society, history and religion of the ancient Greeks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics_and_Ancient_History_society_history_and_religion_of_the_ancient_Greeks?f_ri=9943"},{"id":619396,"name":"Anthropology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Religion?f_ri=9943"},{"id":624517,"name":"The Role of the State and the Ruler In Ancient and Medieval Societies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Role_of_the_State_and_the_Ruler_In_Ancient_and_Medieval_Societies?f_ri=9943"},{"id":720747,"name":"Ancient states and their formation process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_states_and_their_formation_process?f_ri=9943"},{"id":816377,"name":"Pharaohs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharaohs?f_ri=9943"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostDownloaded?after=1518%2C12902066" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostDownloaded?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="3793">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="3793">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1692">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1692">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="394">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="394">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="118">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="118">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History">Ancient Egyptian History</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="34746">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="34746">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_language">Egyptian language</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="12451">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="12451">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_">New Kingdom (Egyptology)</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="32974">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="32974">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Ritual_Texts">Egyptian Ritual Texts</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="21668">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="21668">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography">Ancient Egyptian Iconography</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="34483">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="34483">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Literature">Ancient Egyptian Literature</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="39480">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="39480">Following</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostDownloaded" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "c48567c1bf513b189f96accefe9638367eb2c311875e38e708120f20bf93bcfe", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="FXHtg7LyJF3eTT8IkkfRBrjgDtXeezrzkatxbqcZsj82n5tne0X5vIX49T3KnUvVAlYR9xSvn/zEk5dA7Tu4vg==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History/MostDownloaded" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="jvFaLlf95it+pLz55cYDYM+7UYEfAjM24+ugF+eJt6GtHyzKnko7yiURdsy9HJmzdQ1Oo9XWljm200Y5rau9IA==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>