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Juda Enciklopedio - Vikipedio

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Havebla en 27 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الموسوعة اليهودية — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الموسوعة اليهودية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C9%99hudi_Ensiklopediyas%C4%B1" title="Yəhudi Ensiklopediyası — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yəhudi Ensiklopediyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Jueva" title="Enciclopèdia Jueva — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enciclopèdia Jueva" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — kimra" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kimra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="The Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enciclopedia_Jud%C3%ADa" title="Enciclopedia Judía — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enciclopedia Judía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="دانشنامه یهودی — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشنامه یهودی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האנציקלופדיה היהודית — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האנציקלופדיה היהודית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2" title="ジューイッシュ・エンサイクロペディア — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジューイッシュ・エンサイクロペディア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — java" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="java" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80_%EB%8C%80%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC%EC%82%AC%EC%A0%84" title="유대 대백과사전 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유대 대백과사전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Jewish Encyclopedia — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia — tagaloga" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="The Jewish Encyclopedia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahudi_Ansiklopedisi" title="Yahudi Ansiklopedisi — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yahudi Ansiklopedisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Єврейська енциклопедія — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Єврейська енциклопедія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%DB%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81" title="یہودی دائرۃ المعارف — urduo" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یہودی دائرۃ المعارف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_(1901%E5%B9%B4)" title="猶太百科全書 (1901年) — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="猶太百科全書 (1901年)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q653922#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Juda_Enciklopedio" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuto:Juda_Enciklopedio&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuto pri la artikolo (paĝo ne ekzistas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝanĝi lingvan varianton" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" 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dir="ltr"><table style="background-color:#F5F5F5;border:1px solid #999999;border-right-width:2px;border-bottom-width:2px;width:23em; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;" class="infobox"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#99FF99;font-size:150%;vertical-align:middle;font-family:times" align="center" class="kaplinio libro"><i><b><span lang="en">The Jewish encyclopedia</span></b></i> </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" align="center" colspan="2"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Jewish_Encyclopedia_Cover_Page_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="1307" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#AAFFAA; color:#000000;"><b>skribita verko&#32;•&#32;Jewish encyclopedia</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th valign="top" align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAFFAA">Aŭtoroj </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">Aŭtoro</td> <td>Isidore Singer </td></tr> <tr> <th valign="top" align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAFFAA">Lingvoj </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Lingvo" title="Lingvo">Lingvo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo">angla lingvo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th valign="top" align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAFFAA">Eldonado </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">Loko</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Novjorko" title="Novjorko">Nov-Jorko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">Eldonejo</td> <td>Funk &amp; Wagnalls </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a href="/wiki/%C4%9Cenro" title="Ĝenro">Ĝenro</a></td> <td>Jewish encyclopedia </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:transparent;"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding: 0.2em; text-align:left; font-size: 100%; font-weight: 400;"><table class="infobox collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="padding:0;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e0e0e0;"> <div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;">&#160;</div>Partoj</th></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <td class="wikidata-content">• Jewish Encyclopedia (Volume V)&#32;<br />•&#32;Jewish Encyclopedia (Volume VIII) <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653922#P527" class="extiw" title="d:Q653922">vd</a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr> <tr><td class="shangu-shablonon infoboximage" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#99FF99;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_libro" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto libro">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_libro" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto libro">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono%3AInformkesto_libro&amp;action=edit">r</a></span></div></td></tr> </tbody></table><p>La <b>Juda Enciklopedio</b> - origine <a href="/wiki/Angle" class="mw-redirect" title="Angle">angle</a> <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i>, <a href="/wiki/Hebree" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebree">hebree</a> <i>האנציקלופדיה היהודית</i> - estas anglalingva <a href="/wiki/Enciklopedio" title="Enciklopedio">enciklopedio</a> origine eldonita en <a href="/wiki/Novjorko" title="Novjorko">Novjorko</a> inter la jaroj 1901 kaj 1906 fare de la eldonejo <i>Funk &amp; Wagnalls</i>, sub la plena titolo <i>The Jewish encyclopedia; a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present day</i> ("La juda enciklopedio; priskriba dokumentiĝo de la historio, religio, literaturo kaj kutimoj de la juda popolo el la plej fruaj tempoj ĝis la nuntempo"). Ĝi enhavis pli ol 15 000 artikolojn en 12 volumoj pri la historio kaj tiam-nuna stato de <a href="/wiki/Judismo" title="Judismo">judismo</a> kaj la <a href="/wiki/Judo" class="mw-redirect" title="Judo">judoj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> La teksto estas nun <a href="/wiki/Publika_hava%C4%B5o" title="Publika havaĵo">publika havaĵo</a>, sed la ilustraĵoj estas markitaj esti kopirajte protektataj fare de la posedantoj de la retejo <i>jewishencyclopedia.com</i>. </p><table class="toccolours float-right" id="WSerie_Judaism" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 90%; width:23em; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;"> <tbody><tr> <td><small>Parto de serio</small><br /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Star_of_David.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="stelo de Davido"><img alt="stelo de Davido" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/45px-Star_of_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/68px-Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/90px-Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a></span> &#160;<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Menora.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Menora.svg/50px-Menora.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Menora.svg/75px-Menora.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Menora.svg/100px-Menora.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="621" /></a></span><br /> <span style="font-size:larger"><b><a href="/wiki/Judismo" title="Judismo">Judismo</a></b></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Portalo:Judismo" title="Portalo:Judismo">Portalo</a> | <a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Judismo" title="Kategorio:Judismo">Kategorio</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Judoj" title="Judoj">Judoj</a> · <a href="/wiki/Judismo" title="Judismo">Judismo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Judismo#Kiu_estas_judo" title="Judismo">Kiu estas judo</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Ortodoksa_judismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortodoksa judismo">Ortodoksaj</a> · <a href="/wiki/Konservema_judismo" title="Konservema judismo">Konservema judismo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Reformisma_Judismo" title="Reformisma Judismo">Progresiva (Reforma - Liberala)</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C4%A4aredim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ĥaredim">Ultraortodoksaj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Samarianoj" title="Samarianoj">Samarianoj</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fala%C5%9Doj" class="mw-redirect" title="Falaŝoj">Falaŝoj</a> · <a href="/wiki/Karaimoj" title="Karaimoj">Karaimoj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;">Etnaj grupoj kaj lingvoj </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9Dkenazoj" title="Aŝkenazoj">Aŝkenazoj</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sefardoj" title="Sefardoj">Sefardoj</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mizra%C4%A5oj" title="Mizraĥoj">Mizraĥoj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="" style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Hebrea_lingvo" title="Hebrea lingvo">Hebrea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jida_lingvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jida lingvo">Jida</a> · <a href="/wiki/Judhispana_lingvo" title="Judhispana lingvo">Judhispana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Geeza_lingvo" title="Geeza lingvo">Geeza</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Religio" title="Religio">Religio</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Dio" title="Dio">Dio</a> · <a href="/wiki/Principoj_de_kredo_en_judismo" title="Principoj de kredo en judismo">Principoj de kredo en judismo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diaj_nomoj_en_ludismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Diaj nomoj en ludismo">Diaj nomoj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/613_micvot" class="mw-redirect" title="613 micvot">613 micvot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hala%C4%A5a" class="mw-redirect" title="Halaĥa">Halaĥa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Le%C4%9Daro_de_Noe" class="mw-redirect" title="Leĝaro de Noe">Leĝaro de Noe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Mesio" title="Mesio">Mesio</a> · <a href="/wiki/Juda_eskatologio" title="Juda eskatologio">Eskatologio</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;">Juda pensado, filozofio kaj etiko </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Juda_religia_filozofio" class="mw-redirect" title="Juda religia filozofio">Juda religia filozofio</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Cedaka" title="Cedaka">Cedaka</a> · <a href="/wiki/Musar" class="mw-redirect" title="Musar">Musar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Koncepto_de_elekteco_en_judismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Koncepto de elekteco en judismo">Elekteco</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/%C4%A4asidismo" title="Ĥasidismo">Ĥasidismo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kabalo" title="Kabalo">Kabalo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Haskala" title="Haskala">Haskala</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b>Religiaj tekstoj</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Torao" class="mw-redirect" title="Torao">Torao</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tana%C4%A5o" title="Tanaĥo">Tanaĥo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mi%C5%9Dno" title="Miŝno">Miŝno</a> · <a href="/wiki/Talmudo" title="Talmudo">Talmudo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Midra%C5%9Do" title="Midraŝo">Midraŝo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Tosefta" title="Tosefta">Tosefta</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mi%C5%9Dne_Tora" title="Miŝne Tora">Miŝne Tora</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cul%C4%A5an_Aru%C4%A5" title="Ŝulĥan Aruĥ">Ŝulĥan Aruĥ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Siduro" title="Siduro">Siduro</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%A5zoro" title="Maĥzoro">Maĥzoro</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pijuto" title="Pijuto">Pijuto</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zoharo" title="Zoharo">Zoharo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b>La vivciklo, tradicioj kaj kutimoj</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Brit_mila" title="Brit mila">Brit mila</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brit_%C5%9Dalom" title="Brit ŝalom">Brit ŝalom</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pidjon_ha-ben" title="Pidjon ha-ben">Pidjon ha-ben</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sim%C4%A5at_Bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Simĥat Bat">Simĥat Bat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bar-micvo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bar-micvo">Bar-micvo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cidu%C4%A5" title="Ŝiduĥ">Ŝiduĥ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Juda_geedzi%C4%9Do" title="Juda geedziĝo">Nupto</a> · <a href="/wiki/Divorco_(Get)" class="mw-redirect" title="Divorco (Get)">Divorco (Get)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Juda_maniero_de_sepultado" class="mw-redirect" title="Juda maniero de sepultado">Sepulto</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%9Drut" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaŝrut">Kaŝrut</a> · <a href="/wiki/Juda_kalendaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Juda kalendaro">Juda kalendaro</a> · <a href="/wiki/Judaj_festotagoj" title="Judaj festotagoj">Judaj festotagoj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Talito" title="Talito">Talito</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tfilino" class="mw-redirect" title="Tfilino">Tfilino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cicito" title="Cicito">Cicito</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kipao" title="Kipao">Kipao</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Mezuzo" title="Mezuzo">Mezuzo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Menorao" class="mw-redirect" title="Menorao">Menorao</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cofaro" title="Ŝofaro">Ŝofaro</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sefer_Tora" title="Sefer Tora">Sefer Tora</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b>Signifaj figuroj de judismo</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isaak" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaak">Isaak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jakobo" title="Jakobo">Jakobo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Moseo" title="Moseo">Moseo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Salomono" title="Salomono">Salomono</a> · <a href="/wiki/Davido" title="Davido">Davido</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elija" title="Elija">Elija</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aaron" class="mw-redirect" title="Aaron">Aaron</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Majmonido" title="Majmonido">Majmonido</a> · <a href="/wiki/Na%C4%A5manides" title="Naĥmanides">Naĥmanides</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%9Di" class="mw-redirect" title="Raŝi">Raŝi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Baal_%C5%9Cem_Tov" title="Baal Ŝem Tov">Baal Ŝem Tov</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gaon_de_Vilno" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaon de Vilno">Gaon de Vilno</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maharal" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharal">Maharal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b>Religiaj konstruaĵoj kaj institutoj</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Templo_de_Jerusalemo" title="Templo de Jerusalemo">Templo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sinagogo" title="Sinagogo">Sinagogo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Je%C5%9Divo" title="Jeŝivo">Jeŝivo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bejt_midra%C5%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="Bejt midraŝ">Bejt midraŝ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Rabeno" title="Rabeno">Rabeno</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C4%A4azan" title="Ĥazan">Ĥazan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dajan" class="mw-redirect" title="Dajan">Dajan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gaon" title="Gaon">Gaon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Kohen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohen">Kohen (pastro)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ma%C5%9Dgia%C4%A5" title="Maŝgiaĥ">Maŝgiaĥ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gabaj" title="Gabaj">Gabaj</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Co%C4%A5et" class="mw-redirect" title="Ŝoĥet">Ŝoĥet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Mohel" title="Mohel">Mohel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bejt_din" class="mw-redirect" title="Bejt din">Bejt din</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%9D_je%C5%9Diva" title="Roŝ jeŝiva">Roŝ jeŝiva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Juda_liturgio" class="mw-redirect" title="Juda liturgio">Juda liturgio</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cema_Jisra%E2%80%99el" class="mw-redirect" title="Ŝema Jisra’el">Ŝema</a> · <a href="/wiki/Amida" title="Amida">Amida</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kadi%C5%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadiŝ">Kadiŝ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Minhag" title="Minhag">Minhag</a> · <a href="/wiki/Minjan" title="Minjan">Minjan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nosa%C4%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosaĥ">Nosaĥ</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ca%C4%A5arit" title="Ŝaĥarit">Ŝaĥarit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Min%C4%A5a" title="Minĥa">Minĥa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ma%E2%80%99ariv" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma’ariv">Ma’ariv</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ne%E2%80%99ila" class="mw-redirect" title="Ne’ila">Ne’ila</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Historio_de_judoj" class="mw-redirect" title="Historio de judoj">Historio de judoj</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Antikva_historio_de_Izraelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Antikva historio de Izraelo">Antikva historio de Izraelo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Historio_de_judoj_en_mezepoko" title="Historio de judoj en mezepoko">Historio de judoj en mezepoko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Historio_de_judoj_en_novepoko" class="mw-redirect" title="Historio de judoj en novepoko">Historio de judoj en novepoko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff; font-size: 95%; border-top: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 5px 0 5px;"><b>Proksimaj temoj</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/Antisemitismo" title="Antisemitismo">Antisemitismo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Holoka%C5%ADsto" title="Holokaŭsto">Holokaŭsto</a> · <a href="/wiki/Israelo" title="Israelo">Israelo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Filosemitismo" title="Filosemitismo">Filosemitismo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cionismo" title="Cionismo">Cionismo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px 0 5px; background: #edf3fe;"><a href="/wiki/Abrahama_religio" title="Abrahama religio">Abrahama religio</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La eldonisto estis <i>Isidore Singer</i>. Sekciaj eldonistoj krom <i>Isidore Singer</i> estis <i>Cyrus Adler, Gotthard Deutsch, Louis Ginzberg, Richard Gottheil, Joseph Jacobs, Marcus Jastrow, Morris Jastrow Junior, Kaufmann Kohler, Frederick de Sola Mendes</i> kaj <i>Crawford Howell Toy</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juda_Enciklopedio&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juda_Enciklopedio&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=F00917FE355F12738DDDAF0994D0405B828CF1D3">artikolo "The Jewish Encyclopedia" de la 16-a de aŭgusto 1902 el la ĵurnalo</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a> (<a href="/wiki/Angla_lingvo" title="Angla lingvo"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">angle</span></a>)</span> </li> </ol></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:FrenchJews1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/FrenchJews1.jpg/300px-FrenchJews1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/FrenchJews1.jpg/450px-FrenchJews1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/FrenchJews1.jpg/600px-FrenchJews1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1204" data-file-height="811" /></a><figcaption><center>bildigo de francaj judoj de la <a href="/wiki/Mezepoko" title="Mezepoko">mezepoko</a> el la Juda Enciklopedio (1901-1906), nun publika havaĵo</center></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juda_Enciklopedio&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juda_Enciklopedio&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidu ankaŭ"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juda_Enciklopedio_de_Brockhaus_kaj_Efron" title="Juda Enciklopedio de Brockhaus kaj Efron">Juda Enciklopedio de Brockhaus kaj Efron</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jewish_Encyclopedia?uselang=eo">Kategorio Juda Enciklopedio en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><table class="noprint plainlinks" style="margin: 0 10%; border-collapse: collapse; background: #FBFBFB; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-left: 10px solid #228b22;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 2px 0px 2px 0.5em;text-align: center;"> <div style="padding: 0.25em 0.5em;width:52px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ĝermo pri judismo"><img alt="Ĝermo pri judismo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Judaism_Symbol.png/40px-Judaism_Symbol.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Judaism_Symbol.png/60px-Judaism_Symbol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Judaism_Symbol.png/80px-Judaism_Symbol.png 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="275" /></span></span></div></td> <td style="padding: 0.25em 0.5em;width: 100%;"><b>Ĉi tiu artikolo ankoraŭ estas <a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:%C4%9Cermo" title="Vikipedio:Ĝermo">ĝermo</a>&#160;pri <a href="/wiki/Judismo" title="Judismo">judismo</a>.</b><hr /> <div style="font-size:90%;">Helpu al Vikipedio <i><a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juda_Enciklopedio&amp;action=edit">plilongigi ĝin</a></i>. 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