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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_K70" title="Фолксваген K70 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фолксваген K70" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/VW_K_70" title="VW K 70 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="VW K 70" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%B7%DB%B0" title="فولکس‌واگن کا۷۰ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فولکس‌واگن کا۷۰" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K_70" title="Volkswagen K 70 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Volkswagen K 70" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%95%D7%92%D7%9F_K70" title="פולקסווגן K70 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פולקסווגן K70" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BBK70" title="フォルクスワーゲン・K70 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フォルクスワーゲン・K70" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K_70" title="Volkswagen K 70 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Volkswagen K 70" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K_70" title="Volkswagen K 70 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Volkswagen K 70" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_K70" title="Volkswagen K70 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Volkswagen K70" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Motor vehicle</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C0C0C0;color:inherit; padding:0.25em 1em; text-align:center;">Volkswagen K70</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg/300px-12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg/450px-12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg/600px-12-01-03-autostadtl-by-RalfR-60.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4008" data-file-height="2648" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #C0C0C0">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also called</th><td class="infobox-data">NSU K70 (1969–1970)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production</th><td class="infobox-data">1970–1975</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Assembly</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neckarsulm" title="Neckarsulm">Neckarsulm</a>, Germany (NSU model)<br /><a href="/wiki/Salzgitter" title="Salzgitter">Salzgitter</a>, Germany (VW model)<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar1973_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar1973-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_design" title="Automotive design">Designer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Claus_Luthe" title="Claus Luthe">Claus Luthe</a><sup id="cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar197111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #C0C0C0">Body and chassis</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Car_classification" title="Car classification">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mid-size" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-size">Mid-size</a> / <a href="/wiki/Large_family_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Large family car">Large family car</a> (<a href="/wiki/D-segment" title="D-segment">D</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Car_body_style" title="Car body style">Body style</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4-door <a href="/wiki/Sedan_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan (car)">sedan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Layout</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/FF_layout" class="mw-redirect" title="FF layout">FF layout</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #C0C0C0">Powertrain</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">Engine</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.6 L <a href="/wiki/Straight-four_engine" title="Straight-four engine">I4</a><br /> 1.8 L I4</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #C0C0C0">Dimensions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Wheelbase" title="Wheelbase">Wheelbase</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,690 mm (105.9 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">4,455 mm (175.4 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">1,665 mm (65.6 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">1,455 mm (57.3 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Curb_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="Curb weight">Curb weight</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,100 kg (2,425 lb)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #C0C0C0">Chronology</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat" title="Volkswagen Passat">Volkswagen Passat</a> (VW)<br /><a href="/wiki/Audi_80" title="Audi 80">Audi 80</a> (NSU)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Volkswagen K70</b> is a four-door, front engine, front wheel drive <a href="/wiki/Sedan_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan (car)">sedan</a> developed by <a href="/wiki/NSU_Motorenwerke_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="NSU Motorenwerke AG">NSU</a> and marketed from 1970–1975 by Volkswagen after its 1969 acquisition of NSU. </p><p>Designed by NSU's chief engineer Ewald Praxl and styled by <a href="/wiki/Claus_Luthe" title="Claus Luthe">Claus Luthe</a> as a four-door sedan (and five-door wagon) to complement the <a href="/wiki/NSU_Ro_80" title="NSU Ro 80">NSU Ro80</a>, the K70 would become the first Volkswagen with a front-mounted engine, water cooling and front wheel drive. Competing with VW's own <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">411/412</a> and Audi's <a href="/wiki/Audi_100" title="Audi 100">100</a>, the K70 was ultimately sold only as a sedan, with 211,127 examples manufactured for model years 1970–1975. </p><p>The <i><b>K70</b></i> retained NSU's naming convention, as introduced with the Ro 80 — with <i><b>K</b></i> denoting the German word <i>Kolben</i> (piston) and <i><b>70</b></i> designating an engine output of 70 <a href="/wiki/Metric_horsepower" class="mw-redirect" title="Metric horsepower">PS</a> (51 kW; 69 hp). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_K70&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The K70 was originally developed to complement the <a href="/wiki/NSU_Ro_80" title="NSU Ro 80">Ro 80</a>, distinguished by its conventional piston engine rather than the Ro80's <a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel</a> rotary engine. NSU scheduled the press launch for March 1969, intending to present it to the wider public at the 1969 <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Motor_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Motor Show">Geneva Motor Show</a>. </p><p>Prior to launch, rumors arose that Volkswagen would absorb cash strapped NSU. Even before the take over had been made public, the K70's future was threatened by management concerns that the K70 was too close in size and price to the recently launched <a href="/wiki/Audi_100#Audi_100_C1" title="Audi 100">Audi 100</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-zeit1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zeit1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plans for the K70 launch were deferred at the last minute, with rumors that Volkswagen removed the K70 from NSU's show stand on the eve of the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Motor_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Motor Show">show</a>. The NSU K70 was shown and advertised in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Automobil_Revue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Automobil Revue (page does not exist)">Automobil Revue</a>'s 1969 Geneva Show yearbook, published in March 1969, with a note in the addenda stating that the K70 "will not be built for the time being" and will not be shown.<sup id="cite_ref-AR69_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR69-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In total, 23 pre-series K70s with NSU badging were built.<sup id="cite_ref-avenger_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avenger-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> BMW may have also been relieved, as the NSU K70 would have competed directly with their recently introduced <a href="/wiki/BMW_02_Series" title="BMW 02 Series">2002</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-zeit1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zeit1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 26 April 1969 NSU shareholders' meeting endorsed a NSU/VW merger in which NSU was to take over <a href="/wiki/Auto_Union" title="Auto Union">Auto Union</a> in return for an increase in the NSU share capital issued to Volkswagen.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar1969_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar1969-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In reality, VW took over NSU, and during 1969 NSU was integrated with Auto Union, which Volkswagen had acquired from <a href="/wiki/Daimler_Benz" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler Benz">Daimler Benz</a> in 1964 — in turn creating the basis of modern-day <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a>. </p><p>VW needed a new family sedan to replace the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">Type 4 (Volkswagen 411 / 412)</a>, which itself had been intended as a move upmarket from <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Type 1</a>-based cars. Considering the K70, with its front wheel drive and modern styling, could transform its image, VW scrapped publicity material showing the K70 badged as an NSU, and just over a year later the sedan went into production at Volkswagen's new <a href="/wiki/Salzgitter" title="Salzgitter">Salzgitter</a> plant, rather than at NSU's <a href="/wiki/Neckarsulm" title="Neckarsulm">Neckarsulm</a> plant. Branded as a Volkswagen, the K70 arrived off the production line in August 1970, and was subsequently launched in export markets. A launch date for the wagon / estate version, which would have competed directly against the Volkswagen 411/412 Variant, was delayed indefinitely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_K70&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG/220px-Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG/330px-Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG/440px-Volkswagen_K70_arriving_Schaffen-Diest_2015.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2218" data-file-height="1331" /></a><figcaption>A 1973-1975 K70 L with round headlamps</figcaption></figure> <p>The K70 was launched featuring a four-cylinder water-cooled engine: this was a development from the four-cylinder air cooled engine mounted in the rear of the <a href="/wiki/NSU_Typ_110" title="NSU Typ 110">NSU 1200</a>, its displacement increased to 1,605 cc (97.9 cu in). Despite reports that the car's name reflected an output of 70 PS (51 kW; 69 hp), the engine was rated 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp). It was longitudinally mounted, well forward and placed directly above the <a href="/wiki/Differential_(mechanical_device)#Purpose" title="Differential (mechanical device)">differential</a>, between the front wheels, and canted to the right. The clutch and gear box were directly behind the <a href="/wiki/Differential_(mechanical_device)" title="Differential (mechanical device)">differential</a>, and the three comprised a compact package which necessitated a relatively high bonnet but which also maximised the proportion of the car's weight carried by the front wheels, and the space available for passengers and their luggage, characteristics that the K70 shared with the <a href="/wiki/NSU_Ro80" class="mw-redirect" title="NSU Ro80">NSU Ro80</a>. The K70 also featured the same inboard disc brakes as the Ro80. </p><p>The performance from the engine, especially on the entry level 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) version, was merely adequate. Comparison with the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">411</a>, which by 1970 had acquired an enlarged engine and <a href="/wiki/Fuel_injection" title="Fuel injection">fuel injection</a>, was (and is) hard to avoid. Neither of VW's family middle weight sedans topped the charts for top speed and acceleration, nor for fuel consumption, and the K70's indifferent fuel consumption became an increasingly pressing issue because the car's production run coincided with the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a>. </p><p>For what was essentially a limited production car, the K70 did undergo numerous changes. Most of them were intended to increase the parts commonality with other Volkswagen products (which was initially nearly none at all). The original square-edged bumpers were replaced with the rounded ones of the <a href="/wiki/Audi_100" title="Audi 100">Audi 100</a> in August 1971. The shifter linkage was simplified in the spring of 1972, which improved the shift action; a new synchronization design introduced in August 1972 (for the 1973 model year) further improved it. At this time the car was also modified beneath the front bumper, with new openings in the sheet metal to provide better cooling for the differential. At the same time, the L versions' rectangular headlights were replaced with twin round units which distanced the car slightly from its NSU origins. In August 1974 the three-spoke steering wheel was replaced with a padded, four-spoke item also used in the Beetle. The May 1973 introduction of an 1,807 cc (110.3 cu in) version with a claimed 100 PS (74 kW; 99 hp) addressed performance concerns and was accompanied by redesigned engine and transmission mountings intended to reduce interior noise.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar1973_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar1973-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final K70s did out-accelerate the final <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">412s</a>, and had a higher maximum speed although the 411/412 offered a fuel mileage advantage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_K70&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VW_K70L_481031_(1973)_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/VW_K70L_481031_%281973%29_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG/220px-VW_K70L_481031_%281973%29_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/VW_K70L_481031_%281973%29_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG/330px-VW_K70L_481031_%281973%29_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/VW_K70L_481031_%281973%29_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG/440px-VW_K70L_481031_%281973%29_licence_70-98-ZA_pic5.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2999" data-file-height="2254" /></a><figcaption>VW K70L, rear view (1973-1975)</figcaption></figure> <p>Tall by contemporary standards, the K70 benefited from the space saving characteristics of its <a href="/wiki/Front_wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Front wheel drive">front wheel drive</a> layout and compact engine installation. The boxy cabin was unusually spacious and the 650-litre (23 cu ft) luggage capacity class leading. The driver sat slightly higher than in competitor vehicles and the large window area conferred above average all-round visibility.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar197111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The relatively large glass area also led to the car carrying an above average proportion of its weight above waist height, however, rendering a wide <a href="/wiki/Axle_track" title="Axle track">track</a> particularly important in order to ensure lateral stability.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar197111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1960s was a decade when forward looking manufacturers were highlighting secondary safety features. Those on the K70 included a fuel tank mounted directly ahead of the rear axle and boot/trunk, within the wheelbase.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar197111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As publicity for the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_W116#Safety" title="Mercedes-Benz W116">Mercedes-Benz S Class</a> would stress when that car was launched in 1972, this was the least vulnerable position in terms of the risk of the fuel tank being punctured in the event of a crash. The steering column was angled in order to reduce the risk of its being pushed too far back into the passenger cabin, and while <a href="/wiki/Seat_belt" title="Seat belt">seat belts</a> were an optional extra, at least on the domestic market, mounting points for them were standard. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial">Commercial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_K70&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Commercial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008,_Salzgitter,_VW_Autowerk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008%2C_Salzgitter%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008%2C_Salzgitter%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008%2C_Salzgitter%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008%2C_Salzgitter%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008%2C_Salzgitter%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F040733-0008%2C_Salzgitter%2C_VW_Autowerk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>VW K70 and VW 412 being produced at Salzgitter.</figcaption></figure> <p>For the Volkswagen dealership network, their staff trained over many years to promote and service rear-engined air-cooled cars, the appearance at relatively short notice of the water-cooled front-engined K70 presented a challenge. Although the car was priced below the Audi 100, there was an unavoidable overlap in the market place with the Volkswagen 411. Despite the different badging, some potential buyers may have tarred the K70 with the same brush as its unreliable NSU Ro 80 sister car, leading to poor sales. The car also gained a reputation for rampant body <a href="/wiki/Corrosion" title="Corrosion">corrosion</a> from which it never recovered. </p><p>The K70 was replaced in 1973 by the <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat" title="Volkswagen Passat">Volkswagen Passat</a>, although it continued in production until February 1975, by which time Volkswagen had produced 210,082 K70s.<sup id="cite_ref-OldtimerKatalogNr23_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OldtimerKatalogNr23-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An alternative source gives the production total for the K70 as 211,127.<sup id="cite_ref-DeAutos45bis90Oswaldpages8&9_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeAutos45bis90Oswaldpages8&9-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of these, only 800 were thought to have been produced in right-hand drive for the British market, of which eleven were reported to remain on the road in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The K70 together with the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">VW 411/412</a> ended up being the only cars ever to be produced at Salzgitter, the plant being turned over for engine and transmission manufacture for the entire Volkswagen Group,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which continues to the present day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data">Data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_K70&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Technical data VW K70 <sup id="cite_ref-DeAutos45bis90Oswald_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DeAutos45bis90Oswald-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>(Manufacturer's figures except where stated)</i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="16%">VW K70 </th> <th width="28%">1600 </th> <th width="28%">1600L </th> <th width="28%">1800LS </th></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Produced: </td> <td align="center">1970–1974</td> <td align="center">1970–1973</td> <td align="center">1973–1974 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Engine: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Straight-four_engine" title="Straight-four engine">4-cylinder-inline engine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Four-stroke" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-stroke">four-stroke</a>), front-mounted </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Bore x Stroke: </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">82 mm x 76 mm</td> <td align="center">87 mm x 76 mm </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Displacement: </td> <td colspan="2" align="center">1605 cc</td> <td align="center">1807 cc </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Max. Power @ rpm: </td> <td align="center">75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) at 5200</td> <td align="center">90 PS (66 kW; 89 hp) at 5200</td> <td align="center">100 PS (74 kW; 99 hp) at 5300 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Max. Torque @ rpm: </td> <td align="center">122 N⋅m (90 lb⋅ft) at 3500</td> <td align="center">134 N⋅m (99 lb⋅ft) at 4000</td> <td align="center">152 N⋅m (112 lb⋅ft) at 3750 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Compression Ratio: </td> <td align="center">8.0 : 1</td> <td align="center">9.5 : 1</td> <td align="center">9.5 : 1 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Fuel feed: </td> <td colspan="4" align="center">single 2bbl-carburetor Solex 40DDH, later 40DDHT </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Fuel tank capacity: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">52 L (13.7 US gal; 11.4 imp gal) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Valvetrain: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">Overhead camshaft, duplex chain </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Cooling: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">Water </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Gearbox: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">4-speed-manual, front wheel drive </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Electrical system: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">12 volt </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Front suspension: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">MacPherson axle, coil springs, anti-roll bar </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Rear suspension:: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">Trailing arms, coils springs, anti-roll bar </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Brakes: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">Front inboard discs (Ø 255 mm), rear drums, servo-assisted </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Steering: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">Rack & pinion </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Body structure: </td> <td colspan="3" align="center">Sheet steel, unibody (monocoque) construction </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Dry weight: </td> <td align="center">1,060 kg (2,340 lb)</td> <td align="center">1,060 kg (2,340 lb)</td> <td align="center">1,100 kg (2,400 lb) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Loaded weight: </td> <td align="center">1,510 kg (3,330 lb)</td> <td align="center">1,510 kg (3,330 lb)</td> <td align="center">1,560 kg (3,440 lb) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Track front/<br />rear: </td> <td align="center">1,390 mm (55 in) 1,425 mm (56.1 in)</td> <td align="center">1,390 mm (55 in) 1,425 mm (56.1 in)</td> <td align="center">1,390 mm (55 in) 1,425 mm (56.1 in) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Wheelbase: </td> <td align="center">2,690 mm (106 in)</td> <td align="center">2,690 mm (106 in)</td> <td align="center">2,690 mm (106 in) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Length: </td> <td align="center">4,420 mm (174 in)</td> <td align="center">4,420 mm (174 in)</td> <td align="center">4,470 mm (176 in) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Width: </td> <td align="center">1,685 mm (66.3 in)</td> <td align="center">1,685 mm (66.3 in)</td> <td align="center">1,665 mm (65.6 in) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Height: </td> <td align="center">1,450 mm (57 in)</td> <td align="center">1,450 mm (57 in)</td> <td align="center">1,435 mm (56.5 in) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Tyre/Tire sizes: </td> <td align="center">165SR14</td> <td align="center">165SR14</td> <td align="center">165SR14 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td></td> <td colspan="3" align="center"> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Top speed: </td> <td align="center">148 km/h (92 mph)</td> <td align="center">158 km/h (98 mph)</td> <td align="center">162 km/h (101 mph) </td></tr> <tr style="background:#EEEEEE;"> <td>Fuel Consumption: </td> <td align="center">12.5 litres per 100 kilometres (22.6 mpg<sub>‑imp</sub>; 18.8 mpg<sub>‑US</sub>)</td> <td align="center">13.5 litres per 100 kilometres (20.9 mpg<sub>‑imp</sub>; 17.4 mpg<sub>‑US</sub>)</td> <td align="center">13.5 litres per 100 kilometres (20.9 mpg<sub>‑imp</sub>; 17.4 mpg<sub>‑US</sub>) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_K70&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Volkswagen_K70" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Volkswagen K70">Volkswagen K70</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Autocar1973-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar1973_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar1973_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"News". <i><a href="/wiki/Autocar_(magazine)" title="Autocar (magazine)">Autocar</a></i>. Vol. 138, no. 3998. 1973-01-11. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autocar&rft.atitle=News&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=3998&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1973-01-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Autocar197111-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar197111_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEves1971" class="citation magazine cs1">Eves, Edward (1971-11-11). "Designs analysed: The Volkswagen K70". <i><a href="/wiki/Autocar_(magazine)" title="Autocar (magazine)">Autocar</a></i>. Vol. 135, no. 3945. pp. <span class="nowrap">36–</span>39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autocar&rft.atitle=Designs+analysed%3A+The+Volkswagen+K70&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=3945&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E36-%3C%2Fspan%3E39&rft.date=1971-11-11&rft.aulast=Eves&rft.aufirst=Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zeit1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zeit1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zeit1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKorp1969" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Korp, Dieter (1969-03-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150730192032/http://www.zeit.de/1969/10/ein-modell-als-morgengabe/komplettansicht">"Ein Modell als Morgengabe"</a> [A model as a dowry]. <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Zeit" title="Die Zeit">Die Zeit</a></i> (in German) (10). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zeit.de/1969/10/ein-modell-als-morgengabe/komplettansicht">the original</a> on 2015-07-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Zeit&rft.atitle=Ein+Modell+als+Morgengabe&rft.issue=10&rft.date=1969-03-07&rft.aulast=Korp&rft.aufirst=Dieter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2F1969%2F10%2Fein-modell-als-morgengabe%2Fkomplettansicht&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AR69-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AR69_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="AR69" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Braunschweig, Robert; et al., eds. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avengers-in-time.blogspot.com/2015/09/1969-cars-nsu-vw-k70-nsu-that-became.html">the original</a> on 2018-01-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Avengers+in+Time&rft.atitle=1969%2C+Cars%3A+NSU+%28VW%29+K70%2C+the+NSU+that+became+a+Volkswagen+%28NSU+Typ+86%2C+VW+Typ+48%29&rft.date=2015-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Favengers-in-time.blogspot.com%2F2015%2F09%2F1969-cars-nsu-vw-k70-nsu-that-became.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Autocar1969-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Autocar1969_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"News and Views: VW-NSU Merger". <i><a href="/wiki/Autocar_(magazine)" title="Autocar (magazine)">Autocar</a></i>. Vol. 130, no. 3813. 1969-03-13. p. 58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autocar&rft.atitle=News+and+Views%3A+VW-NSU+Merger&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=3813&rft.pages=58&rft.date=1969-03-13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OldtimerKatalogNr23-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OldtimerKatalogNr23_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZink2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zink, Günther, ed. (2009). <i>Oldtimer Katalog</i> (in German). Vol. 23. Königswinter: HEEL Verlag GmbH. p. 355. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86852-067-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86852-067-5"><bdi>978-3-86852-067-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oldtimer+Katalog&rft.place=K%C3%B6nigswinter&rft.pages=355&rft.pub=HEEL+Verlag+GmbH&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3-86852-067-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeAutos45bis90Oswaldpages8&9-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DeAutos45bis90Oswaldpages8&9_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="WO01" class="citation book cs1">Oswald, Werner (2001). <i>Deutsche Autos 1945-1990</i>. Vol. 4. Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. pp. <span class="nowrap">8–</span>9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-613-02131-5" title="Special:BookSources/3-613-02131-5"><bdi>3-613-02131-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deutsche+Autos+1945-1990&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E8-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.pub=Motorbuch+Verlag&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=3-613-02131-5&rft.aulast=Oswald&rft.aufirst=Werner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cars/classic/uks-rarest-cars-volkswagen-k70/">"UK's rarest cars: 1973 Volkswagen K70, one of only 11 left"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UK%E2%80%99s+rarest+cars%3A+1973+Volkswagen+K70%2C+one+of+only+11+left&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fcars%2Fclassic%2Fuks-rarest-cars-volkswagen-k70%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volkswagen-media-services.com/medias_publish/ms/content/en/pressemitteilungen/2011/03/15/The_Volkswagen_Plant_in_Salzgitter.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html">"The Volkswagen Plant in Salzgitter"</a>. VW Media Services<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Volkswagen+Plant+in+Salzgitter&rft.pub=VW+Media+Services&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.volkswagen-media-services.com%2Fmedias_publish%2Fms%2Fcontent%2Fen%2Fpressemitteilungen%2F2011%2F03%2F15%2FThe_Volkswagen_Plant_in_Salzgitter.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVolkswagen+K70" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DeAutos45bis90Oswald-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DeAutos45bis90Oswald_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#WO01">Oswald 2001</a>, pp. 66–67.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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Group</a><br /><b>See also</b>: <a href="/wiki/Template:Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Template:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles">Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Current<br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cars27" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Arteon" title="Volkswagen Arteon">Arteon/CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Bora_(China)" title="Volkswagen Bora (China)">Bora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Golf" title="Volkswagen Golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID.3" title="Volkswagen ID.3">ID.3</a></li> <li><a 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">MPVs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Buzz" title="Volkswagen ID. Buzz">ID. Buzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Touran" title="Volkswagen Touran">Touran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Viloran" title="Volkswagen Viloran">Viloran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg/70px-Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg/105px-Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg/140px-Volkswagen_logo_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Discontinued<br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_air-cooled_engine" title="Volkswagen air-cooled engine">Aircooled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_181" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen 181">181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">411/412 (Type 4)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_3" title="Volkswagen Type 3">1500/1600 (Type 3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Beetle (Type 1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Volkswagen Brasília">Brasília</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Country_Buggy" title="Volkswagen Country Buggy">Country Buggy/Sakbayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Gacel" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Gacel">Gacel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_14A_(Hebm%C3%BCller_Cabriolet)" title="Volkswagen Type 14A (Hebmüller Cabriolet)">Hebmüller Cabriolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Karmann_Ghia" title="Volkswagen Karmann Ghia">Karmann Ghia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Kommandeurswagen" title="Volkswagen Kommandeurswagen">Kommandeurswagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_K%C3%BCbelwagen" title="Volkswagen Kübelwagen">Kübelwagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Schwimmwagen" title="Volkswagen Schwimmwagen">Schwimmwagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Senda" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Senda">Senda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_SP2" title="Volkswagen SP2">SP1/SP2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_18A" title="Volkswagen Type 18A">Type 18A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_147_Kleinlieferwagen" title="Volkswagen Type 147 Kleinlieferwagen">Type 147 (Fridolin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porsche_914" title="Porsche 914">VW-Porsche 914</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Water_cooling" title="Water cooling">Watercooled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Ameo" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Ameo">Ameo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Apollo" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Apollo">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Atlantic">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle_(A5)" title="Volkswagen Beetle (A5)">Beetle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_C-Trek" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen C-Trek">C-Trek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Cabrio" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Cabrio">Cabrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Cabriolet" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Cabriolet">Cabriolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Carat" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Carat">Carat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Caribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Caribe">Caribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEAT_Cordoba#Citi_Golf" class="mw-redirect" title="SEAT Cordoba">Citi Golf (China)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Citi_Golf" title="Volkswagen Citi Golf">Citi Golf (South Africa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Cl%C3%A1sico" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Clásico">Clásico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Corrado" title="Volkswagen Corrado">Corrado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Corsar" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Corsar">Corsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Dasher" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Dasher">Dasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Derby" title="Volkswagen Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Eos" title="Volkswagen Eos">Eos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Fox" title="Volkswagen Fox">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Gol" title="Volkswagen Gol">Gol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Golf_Plus" title="Volkswagen Golf Plus">Golf Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Golf_Sportsvan" title="Volkswagen Golf Sportsvan">Golf Sportsvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Iltis" title="Volkswagen Iltis">Iltis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Logus" title="Volkswagen Logus">Logus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Lupo" title="Volkswagen Lupo">Lupo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_New_Beetle" title="Volkswagen New Beetle">New Beetle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Parati" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Parati">Parati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat_Lingyu" title="Volkswagen Passat Lingyu">Passat Lingyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat_(North_America_and_China)" title="Volkswagen Passat (North America and China)">Passat (North America)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Phaeton" title="Volkswagen Phaeton">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Phideon" title="Volkswagen Phideon">Phideon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Pointer" title="Volkswagen Pointer">Pointer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Polo_Playa" title="Volkswagen Polo Playa">Polo Playa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Rapid_(2012)#Polo" title="Škoda Rapid (2012)">Polo (Russia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Quantum" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Quantum">Quantum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Rabbit" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Rabbit">Rabbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Routan" title="Volkswagen Routan">Routan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Santana" title="Volkswagen Santana">Santana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Scirocco" title="Volkswagen Scirocco">Scirocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Sharan" title="Volkswagen Sharan">Sharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Suran" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Suran">SpaceCross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Suran" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Suran">Suran/SpaceFox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Taro" title="Volkswagen Taro">Taro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Up" title="Volkswagen Up">Up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Vento_(A05)" title="Volkswagen Vento (A05)">Vento/Polo Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Voyage" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Voyage">Voyage/Gol Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_1-litre_car" title="Volkswagen 1-litre car">XL1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Concept_car" title="Concept car">Concept<br />vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_1-litre_car" title="Volkswagen 1-litre car">1-Litre/L1/XL1 Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat#Passat_Alltrack" title="Volkswagen Passat">Alltrack Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ARVW" title="Volkswagen ARVW">ARVW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Auto_2000" title="Volkswagen Auto 2000">Auto 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Bio_Runner" title="Volkswagen Bio Runner">Bio Runner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_BUDD-e" title="Volkswagen BUDD-e">BUDD-e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Microbus_Concept" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Microbus Concept">Bulli Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_C_Coupe_GTE" title="Volkswagen C Coupe GTE">C Coupe GTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Chico" title="Volkswagen Chico">Chico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Concept_A" title="Volkswagen Concept A">Concept A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Concept_BlueSport" title="Volkswagen Concept BlueSport">Concept BlueSport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Concept_D" title="Volkswagen Concept D">Concept D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Concept_R" title="Volkswagen Concept R">Concept R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_CrossBlue" title="Volkswagen CrossBlue">CrossBlue Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Cross_Coupe_GTE_Concept" title="Volkswagen Cross Coupe GTE Concept">Cross Coupe GTE concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_EcoRacer" title="Volkswagen EcoRacer">EcoRacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDAG_Biwak" title="EDAG Biwak">EDAG Biwak (New Beetle estate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_GTI_Roadster_Vision_Gran_Turismo" title="Volkswagen GTI Roadster Vision Gran Turismo">GTI Roadster/Supersport Vision Gran Turismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_GX3" title="Volkswagen GX3">GX3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID.2all" title="Volkswagen ID.2all">ID.2all</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Buggy" title="Volkswagen ID. Buggy">I.D. Buggy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_I.D._Buzz" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen I.D. Buzz">I.D. Buzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_I.D._Crozz" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen I.D. Crozz">I.D. Crozz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_I.D._R" title="Volkswagen I.D. R">I.D. R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_I.D._Roomzz" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen I.D. Roomzz">I.D. Roomzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Space_Vizzion" title="Volkswagen ID. Space Vizzion">I.D. Space Vizzion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Vizzion" title="Volkswagen ID. Vizzion">ID. Vizzion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Life" title="Volkswagen ID. Life">ID. Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Aero" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen ID. Aero">ID. Aero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_ID._Next&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volkswagen ID. Next (page does not exist)">ID.Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Scirocco#IROC_concept_(2006)" title="Volkswagen Scirocco">Iroc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Magellan" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Magellan">Magellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Microbus_Concept" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Microbus Concept">Microbus Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Milano" title="Volkswagen Milano">Milano Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_New_Beetle#Ragster_concept" title="Volkswagen New Beetle">New Beetle Ragster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_New_Compact_Coup%C3%A9" title="Volkswagen New Compact Coupé">New Compact Coupé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Phaeton" title="Volkswagen Phaeton">Phaeton D2 Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Talagon" title="Volkswagen Talagon">SMV Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_(vehicle)" title="Stanley (vehicle)">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_T-Cross" title="Volkswagen T-Cross">T-Cross Breeze Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_T-Roc" title="Volkswagen T-Roc">T-Roc Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkswagen_T-Prime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volkswagen T-Prime (page does not exist)">T-Prime Concept GTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Taigun" title="Volkswagen Taigun">Taigun Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Tarok" title="Volkswagen Tarok">Tarok Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Touran#Touran_Hy_Motion_and_Hybrid" title="Volkswagen Touran">Touran HyMotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_W12" title="Volkswagen W12">W12 Coupe/Roadster (Nardò)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_1-litre_car" title="Volkswagen 1-litre car">XL Sport Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_e-Beetle" title="Volkswagen e-Beetle">e-Beetle Concept</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Auto_racing" title="Auto racing">Racing cars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Polo_R_WRC" title="Volkswagen Polo R WRC">Polo R WRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_I.D._R" title="Volkswagen I.D. R">I.D. R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_Vee" title="Formula Vee">Formula Vee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMPI_Imp" class="mw-redirect" title="EMPI Imp">EMPI Imp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_Bug" title="Baja Bug">Baja Bug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyers_Manx" title="Meyers Manx">Meyers Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Touareg#Race_Touareg_3" title="Volkswagen Touareg">Race Touareg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_petrol_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines">Petrol engines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_Volkswagen_Group_petrol_engines" title="List of discontinued Volkswagen Group petrol engines">Discontinued petrol engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_G60_engine" title="Volkswagen G60 engine">G40 / G60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VR6_engine" title="VR6 engine">VR6 engine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_diesel_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group diesel engines">Diesel engines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_Volkswagen_Group_diesel_engines" title="List of discontinued Volkswagen Group diesel engines">Discontinued diesel engines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_Volkswagen_engines" title="List of North American Volkswagen engines">North American engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_air-cooled_engine" title="Volkswagen air-cooled engine">Air-cooled engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Wasserboxer_engine" title="Volkswagen Wasserboxer engine">Wasserboxer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_factories" title="List of Volkswagen Group factories">Factories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Autoeuropa" title="Volkswagen Autoeuropa">Autoeuropa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Bratislava_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Bratislava Plant">Bratislava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Chattanooga_Assembly_Plant" title="Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant">Chattanooga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transparent_Factory" title="Transparent Factory">Transparent Factory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Westmoreland_Assembly" title="Volkswagen Westmoreland Assembly">Westmoreland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfsburg_Volkswagen_Plant" title="Wolfsburg Volkswagen Plant">Wolfsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Zwickau-Mosel_Plant" title="Volkswagen Zwickau-Mosel Plant">Zwickau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_passenger_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Volkswagen passenger vehicles">List of passenger cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_emissions_scandal" title="Volkswagen emissions scandal">Emissions scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4motion" title="4motion">4Motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_advertising" title="Volkswagen advertising">Advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AutoMuseum_Volkswagen" title="AutoMuseum Volkswagen">AutoMuseum Volkswagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlueMotion" title="BlueMotion">BlueMotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehra-Lessien" title="Ehra-Lessien">Ehra-Lessien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Labour_Front" title="German Labour Front">Deutsche Arbeitsfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-Lader" title="G-Lader">G-Lader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbie" title="Herbie">Herbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_platforms" title="List of Volkswagen Group platforms">Platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_R" title="Volkswagen R">Volkswagen R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Westfalia_Camper" title="Volkswagen Westfalia Camper">Westfalia Camper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Volkswagen_vehicles" title="Category:Volkswagen vehicles">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Volkswagen_Passenger_Cars,_a_marque_of_the_Volkswagen_Group,_car_timeline,_European_market,_1950–1979_—_next_»305" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Volkswagen_(Europe)_timeline_1950%E2%80%931979" title="Template:Volkswagen (Europe) timeline 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title="Template:Volkswagen (Europe) timeline 1980 to date"><small>next</small> »</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td rowspan="2" width="6%"><b>Type</b> </td> <td colspan="10" width="28%">1950s </td> <td colspan="10" width="32%">1960s </td> <td colspan="10" width="34%">1970s </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"> <td width="2.8%">0</td> <td width="2.8%">1</td> <td width="2.8%">2</td> <td width="2.8%">3</td> <td width="2.8%">4</td> <td width="2.8%">5</td> <td width="2.8%">6</td> <td width="2.8%">7</td> <td width="2.8%">8</td> <td width="2.8%">9 </td> <td width="3%">0</td> <td width="3%">1</td> <td width="3%">2</td> <td width="3%">3</td> <td width="3%">4</td> <td width="3%">5</td> <td width="3%">6</td> <td width="3%">7</td> <td width="3%">8</td> <td width="3%">9 </td> <td width="3.4%">0</td> <td width="3.4%">1</td> <td width="3.4%">2</td> <td width="3.4%">3</td> <td width="3.4%">4</td> <td width="3.4%">5</td> <td width="3.4%">6</td> <td width="3.4%">7</td> <td width="3.4%">8</td> <td width="3.4%">9 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"><a href="/wiki/Economy_car" title="Economy car">Economy car</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Beetle (Type 1)</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Supermini" class="mw-redirect" title="Supermini">Supermini</a> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Polo_Mk1" title="Volkswagen Polo Mk1">Polo I</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="7"> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Derby" title="Volkswagen Derby">Derby I</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Small family car</a></span> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_3" title="Volkswagen Type 3">Type 3</a> </td> <td colspan="6" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Golf_Mk1" title="Volkswagen Golf Mk1">Golf I</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Large_family_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Large family car">Large family car</a></span> </td> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="7"> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_4" title="Volkswagen Type 4">Type 4</a> </td> <td colspan="6"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="8"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#FFFACD"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K70</a> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat" title="Volkswagen Passat">Passat I</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#F0F0F0"><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupé">Coupé</a> </td> <td colspan="5"> </td> <td colspan="20" style="background-color:#98FB98"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Karmann_Ghia" title="Volkswagen Karmann Ghia">Karmann Ghia</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="background-color:#40E0D0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Scirocco" title="Volkswagen Scirocco">Scirocco I</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td colspan="10"> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#98FB98"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Karmann_Ghia#34" title="Volkswagen Karmann Ghia">Type 34 Karmann Ghia</a> </td> <td colspan="7" style="background-color:#E0FFFF"><a href="/wiki/Porsche_914" title="Porsche 914">VW-Porsche 914</a> </td> <td colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <td style="background-color:#F0F0F0;"><a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">Utility vehicle</a> </td> <td colspan="10" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="9" style="background-color:#E0E0E0"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background-color:#C0C0C0"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_181" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen 181">Type 181 Kurierwagen/Trekker</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" style="background-color:#EFEFEF">Legend </td> <td colspan="42" style="text-align:left;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:#FFFACD; color:#FFFACD;">    </span> Developed by <a href="/wiki/NSU_Motorenwerke" title="NSU Motorenwerke">NSU</a></span></li> <li><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:#98FB98; color:#98FB98;">    </span> Manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Karmann" title="Karmann">Karmann</a> and designed by <a href="/wiki/Ghia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghia">Ghia</a></span></li> <li><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:#40E0D0; color:#40E0D0;">    </span> Manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Karmann" title="Karmann">Karmann</a></span></li> <li><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:none; background-color:#E0FFFF; color:#E0FFFF;">    </span> Manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Karmann" title="Karmann">Karmann</a> and developed by <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a></span></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> 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