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class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Pohnpei" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Pohnpei" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-colonial_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-colonial_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pre-colonial history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-colonial_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earliest_European_contacts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earliest_European_contacts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Earliest European contacts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earliest_European_contacts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th-century_visitors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th-century_visitors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>19th-century visitors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th-century_visitors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscreants_and_missionaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscreants_and_missionaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Miscreants and missionaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miscreants_and_missionaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Spanish rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German_rule_and_land_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_rule_and_land_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>German rule and land reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_rule_and_land_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Japanese rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_administration,_under_United_Nations_oversight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_administration,_under_United_Nations_oversight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>United States administration, under United Nations oversight</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_administration,_under_United_Nations_oversight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pohnpei_in_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pohnpei_in_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Pohnpei in fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pohnpei_in_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pohnpei</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="بونبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بونبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%96" title="Панпеі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Панпеі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Понпей – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Понпей" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei_Island" title="Pohnpei Island – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pohnpei Island" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponape" title="Ponape – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ponape" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%BE%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="پوهنپئی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پوهنپئی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Pohnpei" title="Île Pohnpei – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Île Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B0%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%84%AC" title="폰페이섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폰페이섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei_(isola)" title="Pohnpei (isola) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pohnpei (isola)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99" title="פונפיי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פונפיי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponpeja" title="Ponpeja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ponpeja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponap%C4%97" title="Ponapė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ponapė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Понпеј – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Понпеј" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="ポンペイ島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポンペイ島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei_(wyspa)" title="Pohnpei (wyspa) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pohnpei (wyspa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Понпеј – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Понпеј" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei_(otok)" title="Pohnpei (otok) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pohnpei (otok)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei_(ada)" title="Pohnpei (ada) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pohnpei (ada)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpei" title="Pohnpei – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pohnpei" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BA%B3%E4%BD%A9%E5%B2%9B" title="波纳佩岛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波纳佩岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pohnpei&params=06_54_00_N_158_13_30_E_type:isle_region:FM-PNI_dim:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">06°54′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">158°13′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.90000°N 158.22500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">6.90000; 158.22500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Island in Micronesia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Pacific island. For the Roman ruins, see <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a>. For the modern Italian city, see <a href="/wiki/Pompei" title="Pompei">Pompei</a>. For the Classical Roman leader, see <a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Pompey</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Pohnpei</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_Island.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Pohnpei_Island.png/260px-Pohnpei_Island.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Pohnpei_Island.png/390px-Pohnpei_Island.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Pohnpei_Island.png/520px-Pohnpei_Island.png 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="619" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of Pohnpei</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Pohnpei&params=06_54_00_N_158_13_30_E_type:isle_region:FM-PNI_dim:50000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">06°54′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">158°13′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.90000°N 158.22500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">6.90000; 158.22500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Senyavin_Islands" title="Senyavin Islands">Senyavin Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Adjacent to</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">334 km<sup>2</sup> (129 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">782 m (2566 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Nanlaud" title="Mount Nanlaud">Mount Nanlaud</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_State" title="Pohnpei State">Pohnpei</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest settlement</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kolonia" title="Kolonia">Kolonia</a> (pop. 6,074)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">36,832 (2020)</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/262px-Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="262" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/393px-Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/524px-Pohnpei_in_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1565" data-file-height="828" /></a><figcaption>Pohnpei in Micronesia</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pohnpei</b> (formerly known as <b>Ponape</b> or <b>Ascension</b>, from <a href="/wiki/Pohnpeian_language" title="Pohnpeian language">Pohnpeian</a>: "upon (<i>pohn</i>) a stone altar (<i>pei</i>)") is an island of the <a href="/wiki/Senyavin_Islands" title="Senyavin Islands">Senyavin Islands</a> which are part of the larger <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Caroline Islands</a> group. It belongs to <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_State" title="Pohnpei State">Pohnpei State</a>, one of the four <a href="/wiki/State_(subnational)" class="mw-redirect" title="State (subnational)">states</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a> (FSM). Major population centers on Pohnpei include <a href="/wiki/Palikir" title="Palikir">Palikir</a>, the FSM's capital, and <a href="/wiki/Kolonia" title="Kolonia">Kolonia</a>, the capital of Pohnpei State. Pohnpei is the largest island in the FSM, with an area of 334 km<sup>2</sup> (129 sq mi), and a highest point of 782 m (2,566 ft), the most populous with 36,832 people, and the most developed single island in the FSM. </p><p>Pohnpei is home to the megaliths and ruined city of <a href="/wiki/Nan_Madol" title="Nan Madol">Nan Madol</a>, built of artificial islands off the island's eastern shore beginning in the 8th or 9th century. An important archaeological site, it was declared a national historic site in 1985. </p><p>Pohnpei contains a wealth of <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a>. It is one of the wettest places on Earth with annual recorded rainfall exceeding 7,600 mm (300 in)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> each year in certain mountainous locations. It is home to the ka tree (<i><a href="/wiki/Terminalia_carolinensis" title="Terminalia carolinensis">Terminalia carolinensis</a></i>) found only in Pohnpei and <a href="/wiki/Kosrae" title="Kosrae">Kosrae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Pohnpei</i> comes from the <a href="/wiki/Pohnpeian_language" title="Pohnpeian language">Pohnpeian language</a>, literally meaning "upon a stone altar". It derives from a <a href="/wiki/Chuukic%E2%80%93Pohnpeic_languages" title="Chuukic–Pohnpeic languages">Proto-Chuukic-Pohnpeic</a> phrase <i>*fawo ni pei</i> of the same meaning. Cognates in other <a href="/wiki/Micronesian_languages" title="Micronesian languages">Micronesian languages</a> include <a href="/wiki/Mokilese_language" title="Mokilese language">Mokilese</a> <i>Pohnpei</i> and <a href="/wiki/Chuukese_language" title="Chuukese language">Chuukese</a> <i>Fóónupi</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Nan_Madol" title="Nan Madol">Nan Madol</a></div> <p>The natives of Pohnpei, especially the 'older' generations, often refer to events in their past as having occurred, e.g., in "German times" or "before the Spaniards," which identifies the historical periods:<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Period </th> <th>Years </th></tr> <tr> <td>Native Period </td> <td>Before 1825 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pre-Spanish Period </td> <td>1825–1886 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spanish Period </td> <td>1886–1899 </td></tr> <tr> <td>German Period </td> <td>1899–1914 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Japanese Period </td> <td>1914–1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td>US Period </td> <td>1945–1986 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Independence Period </td> <td>Since 1986 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-colonial_history">Pre-colonial history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pre-colonial history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest settlers were probably <a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita culture</a> people from the Southeast <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands_(archipelago)" title="Solomon Islands (archipelago)">Solomon Islands</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a> <a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McCoy_et_al_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCoy_et_al-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pre-colonial history is divided into three eras: <i>Mwehin Kawa</i> or <i>Mwehin Aramas</i> (Period of Building, or Period of Peopling, before <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1100</span>); <i>Mwehin Sau Deleur</i> (Period of the <a href="/wiki/Saudeleur_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudeleur Dynasty">Lord of Deleur</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1100</span><sup id="cite_ref-Flood_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1628</span>);<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Mwehin <a href="/wiki/Tribal_chief" title="Tribal chief">Nahnmwarki</a></i> (Period of the Nahnmwarki, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1628</span> to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1885</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-Hanlon_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hanlon-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PlaceNames_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaceNames-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pohnpeian legend recounts that the Saudeleur rulers, the first to bring government to Pohnpei, were of foreign origin. The Saudeleur centralized form of absolute rule is characterized in Pohnpeian legend as becoming increasingly oppressive over several generations. Arbitrary and onerous demands, as well as a reputation for offending Pohnpeian deities, sowed resentment among <a href="/wiki/Pohnpeians" class="mw-redirect" title="Pohnpeians">Pohnpeians</a>. The Saudeleur Dynasty ended with the invasion of <a href="/wiki/Isokelekel" title="Isokelekel">Isokelekel</a>, another semi-mythical foreigner, who replaced the Saudeleur rule with the more decentralized <i><a href="/wiki/Tribal_chief" title="Tribal chief">nahnmwarki</a></i> system in existence today.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ballinger_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ballinger-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Petersen1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petersen1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pohnpeian historic society was highly structured into five tribes, various clans and sub-clans; each tribe headed by two principal chiefs. The tribes were organized on a feudal basis. In theory, "all land belonged to the chiefs, who received regular tribute and whose rule was absolute." Punishments administered by chiefs included death and banishment. Tribal wars included looting, destruction of houses and canoes and killing of prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pre-Spanish population estimates are deemed unreliable.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earliest_European_contacts">Earliest European contacts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Earliest European contacts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pohnpei's first European visitor was Spanish navigator <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Saavedra_Cer%C3%B3n" title="Álvaro de Saavedra Cerón">Álvaro de Saavedra</a> on 14 September 1529 shortly before his death, when trying to find the way back to <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He charted it as <i>San Bartolomé</i> and called this one and the surrounding islands as <i>Los Pintados</i> (literally, "the painted ones" in Spanish) because the natives were frequently tattooed. It was later visited by the navigator <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Fernandes_de_Queir%C3%B3s" title="Pedro Fernandes de Queirós">Pedro Fernandes de Queirós</a>, commanding the Spanish ship <i>San Jeronimo</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 23 December 1595; his description is brief, he made no attempt to land.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th-century_visitors">19th-century visitors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 19th-century visitors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is good documentation about Australian sailor John Henry Rowe, who arrived in his barque <i>John Bull</i> on 10 September 1825, though he did not land as his vessel was chased off by native canoes. The first lengthy description of the island and its inhabitants is presented by the Russian explorer <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Litke" class="mw-redirect" title="Fyodor Litke">Fyodor Litke</a>, whose ship <i>Senyavin</i> gave the island group of Pohnpei, Ant and Pakin its name. From 14 to 19 January 1828, his boats attempted to land but could not due to the hostility shown by the islanders, but natives then came aboard his ship, "some trading occurred, a short vocabulary was compiled, and a map made."<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F.H. von Kittlitz, a member of the Litke expedition made a further descriptive account, including the offshore ruins of <a href="/wiki/Nan_Madol" title="Nan Madol">Nan Madol</a>, and the two reports together provided the first real knowledge of Pohnpei.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not clear who the next visitors were; however, when Capt. J.H. Eagleston of the barque <i>Peru</i> sighted the island on 3 January 1832, it was already on his charts as "Ascension Island." Riesenberg writes that it is uncertain who first called it Ascension Island, but the name became established until the Spanish period.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Miscreants_and_missionaries">Miscreants and missionaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Miscreants and missionaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From this time onward, whaling and trading vessels came in increasing numbers. Very soon a "large colony of beachcombers, escaped convicts, and ship's deserters became established ashore," identified as "chiefly bad characters," according to the log of the Swedish frigate <i>Eugenie</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first missionary to arrive was Father <a href="/wiki/Louis_D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9_Maigret" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Désiré Maigret">Louis Désiré Maigret</a>, a Roman Catholic priest. He had sailed from Honolulu on the schooner <i>Notre Dame de Paix</i> and began his efforts in December 1837, but he departed on 29 July 1838 for <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a> after seven unsuccessful months.<sup id="cite_ref-Bunson_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bunson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his company were "several <a href="/wiki/Mangareva" title="Mangareva">Mangarevans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitians</a>," some of whom remained on Pohnpei and left descendants.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten years later Maigret returned to the <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiian kingdom">Hawaiian kingdom</a> as Bishop of Honolulu.<sup id="cite_ref-Bunson_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bunson-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A group of Protestant missionaries from New England established themselves permanently on Pohnpei in 1852. Their letters and journals contain a wealth of information about the island and are preserved at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A drastic population decline occurred after 1854, due to a <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> epidemic.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, to counteract the United States blockade of their ports, Confederate States Navy ships hunted Yankee merchant shipping. On 1 April 1865, the <i><a href="/wiki/CSS_Shenandoah" title="CSS Shenandoah">CSS Shenandoah</a></i> surprised four United States whalers at Ascension Island (Pohnpei) and destroyed them all. The local king, Nananierikie, was delighted to receive much of the spoils from this action.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_rule">Spanish rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Spanish rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1886 the Spaniards claimed the Caroline Islands which were part of the <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a> and began to exert political authority. They founded the city <i>Santiago de la Ascensión</i> in what today is <i>Kolonia</i> (from Spanish <i>colonia</i> or colony). The Spanish built several government buildings, a fort, a church and a school. Spanish Capuchin friars were also sent from Manila to Pohnpei to preach the Catholic faith. After the 1898 <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> purchased the Caroline island group from Spain in 1899 together with the Marianas (except Guam) and four years later the Marshall Islands for 17 million <a href="/wiki/German_gold_mark" class="mw-redirect" title="German gold mark">goldmark</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="German_rule_and_land_reform">German rule and land reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: German rule and land reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the German administration a fundamental change in land ownership was implemented on Pohnpei and throughout the Carolines. Beginning in 1907, the feudal system, in which all land is held in fief, was gradually replaced with the issuance of individual deeds to land. The chief's economic advantages were thus reduced, and only force of tradition granted a first harvest tribute to chiefs.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With land holding, taxes came due and new owners, in lieu of payment, were obliged to work 15 days per year on public projects, such as wharf construction, road building, etc. One such work for taxes engagement sparked the <a href="/wiki/Sokehs_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokehs Rebellion">Sokehs Rebellion</a>. It began as an insubordination event during road construction on Sokehs Island, then escalated into the murder of nine people, the subsequent apprehension and trial of 36 Sokehs rebels, the execution of 15 insurgents, and banishment for others to <a href="/wiki/Babelthuap" class="mw-redirect" title="Babelthuap">Babelthuap</a> in the German Palau Islands. </p><p>The German census of 1911–12 shows 3,190 Pohnpeians, 585 Central Carolinians and 279 Melanesians. Many of the outer islands were resettled (mainly on Sokehs Island) as a consequence of destructive typhoons in their home islands. </p><p>A special census conducted in late 1947 shows a total population of 5,628, of which 4,451 were Pohnpeians, and 1,177 were natives of other Pacific islands. By 1963, the population had grown to nearly 10,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Native_4-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Native-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese_rule">Japanese rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Japanese rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a>, Japan as <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">mandatory power</a> assumed control of all German colonial possessions north of the equator, having occupied Pohnpei along with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Islands" title="Caroline Islands">Carolines</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshalls</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Marianas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marianas">Marianas</a> (except for American-owned <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Kiautschou_Bay_concession" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiautschou Bay concession">Kiautschou Bay</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. In subsequent years and during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> the Japanese garrison strength was composed of about 2,000 men of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">IJN</a> under Captain Jun Naito and 5,984 <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">IJA</a> men under Lieutenant General Masao Watanabe.<sup id="cite_ref-Takizawa_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takizawa-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Pohnpei was bypassed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Island_hopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Island hopping">island-hopping</a> amphibious campaigns of 1943–1945.<sup id="cite_ref-Takizawa_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takizawa-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island was shelled on several occasions, including by the battleships <a href="/wiki/USS_Massachusetts_(BB-59)" title="USS Massachusetts (BB-59)">USS <i>Massachusetts</i></a>, USS <i>Alabama</i>, and <a href="/wiki/USS_Iowa_(BB-61)" title="USS Iowa (BB-61)">USS <i>Iowa</i></a>, as well as air attacks launched from <a href="/wiki/USS_Cowpens_(CVL-25)" title="USS Cowpens (CVL-25)">USS <i>Cowpens</i></a>. After the war, Japanese nationals were repatriated to Japan by the US Navy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_administration,_under_United_Nations_oversight"><span id="United_States_administration.2C_under_United_Nations_oversight"></span>United States administration, under United Nations oversight</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: United States administration, under United Nations oversight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Federated States of Micronesia achieved independence in 1986 after being administered by the United States under UN auspices since 1947 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Trust_Territory_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands">Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg/220px-Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg/330px-Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg/440px-Pohnpei_Island_municipalities.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6554" data-file-height="6924" /></a><figcaption>Detailed map of Pohnpei, showing the borders of the five 'independent tribes'</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senyavin_island_(FSM).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Senyavin_island_%28FSM%29.jpg/220px-Senyavin_island_%28FSM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Senyavin_island_%28FSM%29.jpg/330px-Senyavin_island_%28FSM%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Senyavin_island_%28FSM%29.jpg/440px-Senyavin_island_%28FSM%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="457" data-file-height="265" /></a><figcaption>Senyavin Islands (Pohnpei plus two neighboring atolls)</figcaption></figure> <p>The highest point of the island is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Nanlaud" title="Mount Nanlaud">Mount Nanlaud</a> at 772 or 782 metres. Pohnpei is home to several dozen bird species including four <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</a> species, the <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_lorikeet" title="Pohnpei lorikeet">Pohnpei lorikeet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_fantail" title="Pohnpei fantail">Pohnpei fantail</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_flycatcher" title="Pohnpei flycatcher">Pohnpei flycatcher</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Long-billed_white-eye" title="Long-billed white-eye">long-billed white-eye</a>. A fifth endemic, the <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_starling" title="Pohnpei starling">Pohnpei starling</a>, is thought to have recently gone <a href="/wiki/Extinct" class="mw-redirect" title="Extinct">extinct</a>. </p><p>The only land reptiles are a few species of lizard. Originally the only mammals were bats. Pigs, rats and dogs were introduced; pigs have become feral. The lagoons are rich in fish, molluscs, turtles and other marine fauna. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koloniasokehs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Koloniasokehs.jpg/220px-Koloniasokehs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Koloniasokehs.jpg/330px-Koloniasokehs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Koloniasokehs.jpg/440px-Koloniasokehs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1441" data-file-height="953" /></a><figcaption>Kolonia Town looking down from Sokehs Ridge</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ponape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Ponape.jpg/220px-Ponape.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Ponape.jpg/330px-Ponape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Ponape.jpg/440px-Ponape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1768" data-file-height="1140" /></a><figcaption>District center of Pohnpei Circa 1971</figcaption></figure> <p>Pohnpei belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">tropical rainforest climate</a> zone (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Af</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the wettest places on Earth with an average annual recorded rainfall of 4,775 mm (188.0 in) in towns along the coast and about 7,600 mm (300 in) each year in certain mountainous locations.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Pohnpei </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">30<br />(86) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(75) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(75) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22<br />(71) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22<br />(71) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22<br />(71) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22<br />(71) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23<br />(73) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22<br />(71) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">310<br />(12.1) </td> <td style="background: #005400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">260<br />(10.2) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">360<br />(14) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">450<br />(17.6) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">490<br />(19.4) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">420<br />(16.6) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">440<br />(17.2) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">410<br />(16.3) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">400<br />(15.9) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">410<br />(16.2) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">400<br />(15.9) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">420<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4,770<br />(187.8) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Weatherbase<sup id="cite_ref-Weatherbase_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weatherbase-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population of the state in 2010 was approximately 36,196. While the majority of the population consider themselves ethnic Pohnpeians, Pohnpei is more <a href="/wiki/Multiculturalism" title="Multiculturalism">ethnically diverse</a> than any other island in the FSM. This is largely due to more than a century of foreign colonial occupation, bringing in Spanish, German, Japanese, <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filipino_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino people">Filipino</a>, US, Australian, other western Europeans, and it being home to the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Central_government" title="Central government">national government</a>, which employs hundreds of people from the other three FSM States (<a href="/wiki/Yap" title="Yap">Yap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuuk_State" title="Chuuk State">Chuuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kosrae" title="Kosrae">Kosrae</a>) having distinct ethnic and cultural origins. The <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous</a> makeup also includes the multiple regional ethnicities of the outer islands within Pohnpei State, resulting in a mix of Australasian Pacific Islanders and hence making Pohnpei Island the FSM's <a href="/wiki/Melting_pot" title="Melting pot">melting pot</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PohnpeiAirport_(Japanese_sign).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/PohnpeiAirport_%28Japanese_sign%29.jpg/220px-PohnpeiAirport_%28Japanese_sign%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/PohnpeiAirport_%28Japanese_sign%29.jpg/330px-PohnpeiAirport_%28Japanese_sign%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/PohnpeiAirport_%28Japanese_sign%29.jpg/440px-PohnpeiAirport_%28Japanese_sign%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Sign for travelers at <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_International_Airport" title="Pohnpei International Airport">Pohnpei International Airport</a> in official English and in Japanese.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pohnpeian_language" title="Pohnpeian language">Pohnpeian language</a> (formerly called "Ponapean") and its dialects are the indigenous languages of Pohnpei. The <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a> government also uses Pohnpeian as a <a href="/wiki/Regional_language" title="Regional language">regional language</a>. English and Spanish are spoken in the island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_map.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Pohnpei_map.gif/220px-Pohnpei_map.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Pohnpei_map.gif/330px-Pohnpei_map.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Pohnpei_map.gif 2x" data-file-width="366" data-file-height="356" /></a><figcaption>Municipality map of Pohnpei</figcaption></figure> <p>The municipalities on the island of Pohnpei are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitti_(municipality)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitti (municipality)">Kitti</a>, southwest. Includes <a href="/wiki/Ant_Atoll" title="Ant Atoll">Ant Atoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolonia" title="Kolonia">Kolonia</a>, north</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madolenihmw" title="Madolenihmw">Madolenihmw</a>, east</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nett,_Pohnpei" class="mw-redirect" title="Nett, Pohnpei">Nett</a> (main island, north/center, formerly including state capital <a href="/wiki/Kolonia" title="Kolonia">Kolonia</a> on the north coast)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokehs" title="Sokehs">Sokehs</a>, northwest. Also includes <a href="/wiki/Pakin_Atoll" title="Pakin Atoll">Pakin Atoll</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palikir" title="Palikir">Palikir</a>, the national capital</li> <li><a href="/wiki/U,_Pohnpei" class="mw-redirect" title="U, Pohnpei">U</a>, northeast</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg/220px-Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg/330px-Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg/440px-Pohnpei_International_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_International_Airport" title="Pohnpei International Airport">Pohnpei International Airport</a> Runway and Pohnpei Seaport viewed from Sokehs Ridge</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_International_Airport" title="Pohnpei International Airport">Pohnpei International Airport</a> (<a href="/wiki/IATA_airport_code" title="IATA airport code">IATA</a> code <a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_International_Airport" title="Pohnpei International Airport">PNI</a>) is located near <a href="/wiki/Kolonia" title="Kolonia">Kolonia</a>, on a small island named Deketik off the northern coast of the main island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The FSM is part of the international Olympic movement, originally the work of James Tobin, who now sits on the IOC Executive Board, sending teams to the summer games beginning in 2000 with the Sydney games and continuing every four years to the present with athletes participating in track and field, swimming and weightlifting. The most notable Pohnpeian athlete is marathon runner <a href="/wiki/Elias_Rodriguez_(athlete)" title="Elias Rodriguez (athlete)">Elias Rodriguez</a> who ran for the FSM at the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Olympics">Sydney Olympics</a>. Rodriguez finished last in the marathon but was cheered on by tens of thousands of spectators and watched by millions of television viewers as he entered the Olympic stadium for a final lap immediately prior to the <a href="/wiki/Closing_ceremony" class="mw-redirect" title="Closing ceremony">closing ceremony</a> which was delayed to allow his finish.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pohnpei's state football team were coached by the world's youngest national football coach, the Englishman <a href="/wiki/Paul_Watson_(football_manager)" title="Paul Watson (football manager)">Paul Watson</a>, who led the team on a tour of nearby Guam, winning one match against a local team. <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The annual <a href="/wiki/2023_Micronesian_Futsal_Cup" title="2023 Micronesian Futsal Cup">Micronesian Futsal Cup</a> has been established on the island, also the work of Watson. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pohnpei_in_fiction">Pohnpei in fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Pohnpei in fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pohnpei (as Ponape) plays a role in several stories of the <a href="/wiki/Cthulhu_Mythos" title="Cthulhu Mythos">Cthulhu Mythos</a> by <a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">H. P. Lovecraft</a> and others. Its role in "<a href="/wiki/Out_of_the_Aeons" title="Out of the Aeons">Out of the Aeons</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by Lovecraft and <a href="/wiki/Hazel_Heald" title="Hazel Heald">Hazel Heald</a>, was inspired by the ruins of <a href="/wiki/Nan_Madol" title="Nan Madol">Nan Madol</a> (see above), which had already been used as the setting for a <a href="/wiki/Lost_race" class="mw-redirect" title="Lost race">lost race</a> story by <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Merritt" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham Merritt">Abraham Merritt</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Moon_Pool" title="The Moon Pool">The Moon Pool</a></i>, in which the islands are called Nan-Matal.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pohnpei is a central location in <i><a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Adventure" title="South Sea Adventure">South Sea Adventure</a></i> (1952), the second of <a href="/wiki/Willard_Price" title="Willard Price">Willard Price</a>'s Young Adult Adventure Series books featuring Hal and Roger Hunt.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pohnpei, or "Ponape" as it is spelled, is stated as the home island of "Mike" on the popular blog <i>Dunce Upon A Time</i>, authored by BC Woods.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_State_Department_of_Education" title="Pohnpei State Department of Education">Pohnpei State Department of Education</a> operates public schools. </p><p>Public high schools:<sup id="cite_ref-FSMschools_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSMschools-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanpei_Memorial_High_School" title="Nanpei Memorial High School">Nanpei Memorial High School</a> a.k.a. Kitti High School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madolenihmw_High_School" title="Madolenihmw High School">Madolenihmw High School</a></li> <li>Pohnpei Island Central School (former Pacific Island Central School) in <a href="/wiki/Nett,_Pohnpei" class="mw-redirect" title="Nett, Pohnpei">Nett</a></li></ul> <p>Private schools: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calvary_Christian_Academy_(Federated_States_of_Micronesia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calvary Christian Academy (Federated States of Micronesia) (page does not exist)">Calvary Christian Academy</a> in Kolonia<sup id="cite_ref-FSMschools_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSMschools-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohwa_Christian_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ohwa Christian High School (page does not exist)">Ohwa Christian High School</a> in Madolenihmw<sup id="cite_ref-FSMschools_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSMschools-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mercy_Catholic_High_School_(Micronesia)" title="Our Lady of Mercy Catholic High School (Micronesia)">Our Lady of Mercy Catholic High School</a> in Kolonia<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seventh_Day_Adventist_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seventh Day Adventist High School (page does not exist)">Seventh Day Adventist High School</a> in Nett<sup id="cite_ref-FSMschools_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FSMschools-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Pohnpei Catholic School </p><p>Post secondary education: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Micronesia-FSM" title="College of Micronesia-FSM">College of Micronesia-FSM</a>, which has a state campus in each of the four states with its national campus in the capital city of Palikir. The COM-FSM system also includes the Fisheries and Maritime Institute (FMI) on the Yap islands.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Lidorkini_Museum" title="Lidorkini Museum">Lidorkini Museum</a> was located in Kolonia, until its closure in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 24em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Debra_Daniel" title="Debra Daniel">Debra Daniel</a> – Olympic swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_Falcam" title="Iris Falcam">Iris Falcam</a> – Librarian and former First Lady of Micronesia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Falcam" title="Leo Falcam">Leo Falcam</a> – Former President of Micronesia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerson_Hadley" title="Kerson Hadley">Kerson Hadley</a> – Olympic swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emelihter_Kihleng" title="Emelihter Kihleng">Emelihter Kihleng</a> – Poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailey_Olter" title="Bailey Olter">Bailey Olter</a> – Former President of Micronesia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Rodriguez_(athlete)" title="Elias Rodriguez (athlete)">Elias Rodriguez</a> – Olympic marathon runner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihter_Wendolin" title="Mihter Wendolin">Mihter Wendolin</a> – Olympic sprinter</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Pohnpei_(1977-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Pohnpei"><img alt="Flag of Pohnpei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Pohnpei_%281977-1992%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_Pohnpei_%281977-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Pohnpei_%281977-1992%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Pohnpei_%281977-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Pohnpei_%281977-1992%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_Pohnpei_%281977-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of Pohnpei</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pwusehn_Malek_(also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain)_in_Pohnpei,_FSM.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pwusehn Malek (also known as Chickenshit Mountain) in Pohnpei"><img alt="Pwusehn Malek (also known as Chickenshit Mountain) in Pohnpei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pwusehn_Malek_%28also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain%29_in_Pohnpei%2C_FSM.jpg/120px-Pwusehn_Malek_%28also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain%29_in_Pohnpei%2C_FSM.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pwusehn_Malek_%28also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain%29_in_Pohnpei%2C_FSM.jpg/180px-Pwusehn_Malek_%28also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain%29_in_Pohnpei%2C_FSM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pwusehn_Malek_%28also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain%29_in_Pohnpei%2C_FSM.jpg/240px-Pwusehn_Malek_%28also_known_as_Chickenshit_Mountain%29_in_Pohnpei%2C_FSM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pwusehn Malek (also known as <a href="/wiki/Chicken_shit" title="Chicken shit">Chickenshit</a> Mountain) in Pohnpei</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pohnpei lorikeet"><img alt="Pohnpei lorikeet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg/120px-Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg/180px-Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg/240px-Pohnpei_Lorikeet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pohnpei lorikeet</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pohnpei flycatcher"><img alt="Pohnpei flycatcher" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg/120px-Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg/180px-Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg/240px-Pohnpei_Flycatcher.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pohnpei flycatcher</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PohnpeiAirport.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pohnpei Airport"><img alt="Pohnpei Airport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PohnpeiAirport.jpg/120px-PohnpeiAirport.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PohnpeiAirport.jpg/180px-PohnpeiAirport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PohnpeiAirport.jpg/240px-PohnpeiAirport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pohnpei Airport</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid,_Pohnpei_(Federated_States_of_Micronesia).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Petroglyphs"><img alt="Petroglyphs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid%2C_Pohnpei_%28Federated_States_of_Micronesia%29.jpg/120px-Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid%2C_Pohnpei_%28Federated_States_of_Micronesia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid%2C_Pohnpei_%28Federated_States_of_Micronesia%29.jpg/180px-Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid%2C_Pohnpei_%28Federated_States_of_Micronesia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid%2C_Pohnpei_%28Federated_States_of_Micronesia%29.jpg/240px-Petroglyphs_at_Pohnpeid%2C_Pohnpei_%28Federated_States_of_Micronesia%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Petroglyphs</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapingamarangi" title="Kapingamarangi">Kapingamarangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan_Madol" title="Nan Madol">Nan Madol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nukuoro" title="Nukuoro">Nukuoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroluk" title="Oroluk">Oroluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingelap" title="Pingelap">Pingelap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapwuahfik" title="Sapwuahfik">Sapwuahfik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Naval_Base_Carolines" title="US Naval Base Carolines">US Naval Base Carolines</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Saudeleur era lasted around 500 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Hanlon_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hanlon-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Legend generally dates their downfall to the 1500s,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, archaeologists date Saudeleur ruins to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1628</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morgan_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morgan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PlaceNames_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PlaceNames-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UG_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UG-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"they had set forth for the Nan-Matal, that extraordinary group of island ruins clustered along the eastern shore of Ponape in the Carolines"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weriguam.org/reports/item/rainfall-climatology-for-pohnpei-islands-federated-states-of-micronesia/">"Rainfall Climatology for Pohnpei Islands, Federated States of"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221131133/http://www.weriguam.org/reports/item/rainfall-climatology-for-pohnpei-islands-federated-states-of-micronesia/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rainfall+Climatology+for+Pohnpei+Islands%2C+Federated+States+of&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weriguam.org%2Freports%2Fitem%2Frainfall-climatology-for-pohnpei-islands-federated-states-of-micronesia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Nature_Conservancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature Conservancy">Nature Conservancy</a> Magazine</i> February / March 2015 page 36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBender2003" class="citation journal cs1">Bender, Byron W. (2003). "Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions: 2". <i>Oceanic Linguistics</i>. <b>42</b> (2): 271–281. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fol.2003.0014">10.1353/ol.2003.0014</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:201778237">201778237</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oceanic+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Proto-Micronesian+Reconstructions%3A+2&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=271-281&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fol.2003.0014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A201778237%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Bender&rft.aufirst=Byron+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Native-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Native_4-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiesenberg1968" class="citation book cs1">Riesenberg, Saul H (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JV-0AAAAIAAJ"><i>The Native Polity of Ponape</i></a>. Contributions to Anthropology. Vol. 10. Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 38, 51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780598442437" title="Special:BookSources/9780598442437"><bdi>9780598442437</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Native+Polity+of+Ponape&rft.series=Contributions+to+Anthropology&rft.pages=38%2C+51&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+Press&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=9780598442437&rft.aulast=Riesenberg&rft.aufirst=Saul+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJV-0AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCoy_et_al-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McCoy_et_al_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCoyAldersonHemiCheng2016" class="citation journal cs1">McCoy, Mark D.; Alderson, Helen A.; Hemi, Richard; Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence (November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2016.08.002">"Earliest direct evidence of monument building at the archaeological site of Nan Madol (Pohnpei, Micronesia) identified using 230Th/U coral dating and geochemical sourcing of megalithic architectural stone"</a>. <i>Quaternary Research</i>. <b>86</b> (3): 295–303. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016QuRes..86..295M">2016QuRes..86..295M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2016.08.002">10.1016/j.yqres.2016.08.002</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Research&rft.atitle=Earliest+direct+evidence+of+monument+building+at+the+archaeological+site+of+Nan+Madol+%28Pohnpei%2C+Micronesia%29+identified+using+230Th%2FU+coral+dating+and+geochemical+sourcing+of+megalithic+architectural+stone&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=295-303&rft.date=2016-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2016.08.002&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016QuRes..86..295M&rft.aulast=McCoy&rft.aufirst=Mark+D.&rft.au=Alderson%2C+Helen+A.&rft.au=Hemi%2C+Richard&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Hai&rft.au=Edwards%2C+R.+Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.yqres.2016.08.002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flood-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Flood_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFloodStrongFlood2002" class="citation book cs1">Flood, Bo; Strong, Beret E.; Flood, William (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IVVQ46epBqwC"><i>Micronesian Legends</i></a>. Bess Press. pp. 145–7, 160. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57306-129-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57306-129-8"><bdi>1-57306-129-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007063355/https://books.google.com/books?id=IVVQ46epBqwC">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Micronesian+Legends&rft.pages=145-7%2C+160&rft.pub=Bess+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-57306-129-8&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.au=Strong%2C+Beret+E.&rft.au=Flood%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIVVQ46epBqwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hanlon-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hanlon_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hanlon_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanlon1988" class="citation book cs1">Hanlon, David L (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OzgF5vZByVoC"><i>Upon a Stone Altar: A History of the Island of Pohnpei to 1890</i></a>. Pacific Islands Monograph. Vol. 5. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 13–25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1124-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1124-0"><bdi>0-8248-1124-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Upon+a+Stone+Altar%3A+A+History+of+the+Island+of+Pohnpei+to+1890&rft.series=Pacific+Islands+Monograph&rft.pages=13-25&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-8248-1124-0&rft.aulast=Hanlon&rft.aufirst=David+L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOzgF5vZByVoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordy1993" class="citation book cs1">Cordy, Ross H (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hQMNAQAAMAAJ"><i>The Lelu Stone Ruins (Kosrae, Micronesia): 1978–81 Historical and Archaeological Research</i></a>. Asian and Pacific Archaeology. Social Science Research Institute, University of Hawaii at Manoa. pp. 14, 254, 258. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-1134-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-1134-8"><bdi>0-8248-1134-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007063355/https://books.google.com/books?id=hQMNAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lelu+Stone+Ruins+%28Kosrae%2C+Micronesia%29%3A+1978%E2%80%9381+Historical+and+Archaeological+Research&rft.series=Asian+and+Pacific+Archaeology&rft.pages=14%2C+254%2C+258&rft.pub=Social+Science+Research+Institute%2C+University+of+Hawaii+at+Manoa&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-8248-1134-8&rft.aulast=Cordy&rft.aufirst=Ross+H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhQMNAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morgan-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morgan_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1988" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, William N (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B3Z-aH7govUC"><i>Prehistoric Architecture in Micronesia</i></a>. University of Texas Press. pp. 60, 63, 76, 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-292-76506-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-292-76506-1"><bdi>0-292-76506-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prehistoric+Architecture+in+Micronesia&rft.pages=60%2C+63%2C+76%2C+85&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-292-76506-1&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=William+N&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB3Z-aH7govUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PlaceNames-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PlaceNames_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PlaceNames_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanholzerRufino2003" class="citation book cs1">Panholzer, Tom; Rufino, Mauricio (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h2EWUggiuQIC"><i>Place Names of Pohnpei Island: Including And (Ant) and Pakin Atolls</i></a>. Bess Press. pp. xiii, xii, 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57306-166-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-57306-166-2"><bdi>1-57306-166-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Place+Names+of+Pohnpei+Island%3A+Including+And+%28Ant%29+and+Pakin+Atolls&rft.pages=xiii%2C+xii%2C+101&rft.pub=Bess+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-57306-166-2&rft.aulast=Panholzer&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Rufino%2C+Mauricio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh2EWUggiuQIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UG-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UG_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LgAcAAAAMAAJ"><i>Micronesica</i></a>. University of Guam. 1990. pp. 92, 203, 277. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007063356/https://books.google.com/books?id=LgAcAAAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Micronesica&rft.pages=92%2C+203%2C+277&rft.pub=University+of+Guam&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLgAcAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ballinger-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ballinger_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBallinger1978" class="citation book cs1">Ballinger, Bill Sanborn (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l6oSAQAAIAAJ"><i>Lost City of Stone: The Story of Nan Madol, the "Atlantis" of the Pacific</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. pp. 45–8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-24030-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-24030-7"><bdi>0-671-24030-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007063903/https://books.google.com/books?id=l6oSAQAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+City+of+Stone%3A+The+Story+of+Nan+Madol%2C+the+%22Atlantis%22+of+the+Pacific&rft.pages=45-8&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-671-24030-7&rft.aulast=Ballinger&rft.aufirst=Bill+Sanborn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl6oSAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Petersen1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Petersen1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetersen1990" class="citation cs1">Petersen, Glenn (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/15545/OP35.pdf">"Isokelekel"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Lost in the Weeds: Theme and Variation in Pohnpei Political Mythology</i>. Occasional Papers. Center for Pacific Islands Studies, School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. pp. 34 et seq. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10125%2F15545">10125/15545</a>. OP35. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127005944/http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/handle/10125/15545/OP35.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 27 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Isokelekel&rft.btitle=Lost+in+the+Weeds%3A+Theme+and+Variation+in+Pohnpei+Political+Mythology&rft.series=Occasional+Papers&rft.pages=34+et+seq&rft.pub=Center+for+Pacific+Islands+Studies%2C+School+of+Hawaiian%2C+Asian+%26+Pacific+Studies%2C+University+of+Hawai%CA%BBi+at+M%C4%81noa&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10125%2F15545&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10125%2F15545%2FOP35.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brand, Donald D., <i>The Pacific Basin: A History of its Geographical Explorations</i>, The American Geographical Society, New York, 1967, p.137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coello, Francisco "Conflicto hispano-alemán" <i>Boletín de Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid</i>, t.XIX. 2º semestre 1885, Madrid, pp.244,245,294,296</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bunson-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bunson_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bunson_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bunson, Maggie. <i>Faith in Paradise</i>. Boston: St. Paul Publishing. 1977, pp. 43, 65</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>CSS Shenandoah</i>, Lieutenant James I Waddell, Annapolis 1960, pages 144-155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Takizawa-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Takizawa_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Takizawa_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakizawaAlsleben1999–2000" class="citation web cs1">Takizawa, Akira; Alsleben, Allan (1999–2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/japan_garrison.html">"Japanese garrisons on the by-passed Pacific Islands 1944–1945"</a>. <i>Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941–1942</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160106231303/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/japan_garrison.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forgotten+Campaign%3A+The+Dutch+East+Indies+Campaign+1941%E2%80%931942&rft.atitle=Japanese+garrisons+on+the+by-passed+Pacific+Islands+1944%E2%80%931945&rft.date=1999%2F2000&rft.aulast=Takizawa&rft.aufirst=Akira&rft.au=Alsleben%2C+Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwarfare.gq%2Fdutcheastindies%2Fjapan_garrison.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141108091053/http://www.chinci.com/travel/pax/w/2081869/Mwahnd+Peidak/FM/Micronesia/1/">"Archived copy"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weriguam.org/docs/reports/100.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Weatherbase. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200324161351/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=913480&refer=wikipedia">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Out+of+the+Aeons&rft.aulast=Lovecraft&rft.aufirst=H.P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hplovecraft.com%2Fwritings%2Ftexts%2Ffiction%2Foa.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eng.ichacha.net/zaoju/south%20sea%20adventure.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"south sea adventure" in a sentence – south sea adventure sentence examples – ichacha.net sentence maker"</a>. <i>eng.ichacha.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180223050634/https://eng.ichacha.net/zaoju/south%20sea%20adventure.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eng.ichacha.net&rft.atitle=%22south+sea+adventure%22+in+a+sentence+%E2%80%93+south+sea+adventure+sentence+examples+%E2%80%93+ichacha.net+sentence+maker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feng.ichacha.net%2Fzaoju%2Fsouth%2520sea%2520adventure.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202045146/http://www.dunceuponatime.com/the-micronesian-elvis">"The Micronesian Elvis"</a>. Dunce Upon A Time. 30 August 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dunceuponatime.com/the-micronesian-elvis">the original</a> on 2 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Micronesian+Elvis&rft.pub=Dunce+Upon+A+Time&rft.date=2007-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dunceuponatime.com%2Fthe-micronesian-elvis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FSMschools-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FSMschools_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSMschools_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSMschools_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FSMschools_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fsmembassydc.org/schools.html">Higher Education in the Federated States of Micronesia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014070540/http://www.fsmembassydc.org/schools.html">Archived</a> 14 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Embassy of the Federated States of Micronesia Washington DC. Retrieved on 23 February 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olmchs.edu.fm/contact-2/">Come Visit Us</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180223171437/http://olmchs.edu.fm/contact-2/">Archived</a> 23 February 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mercy_Catholic_High_School_(Micronesia)" title="Our Lady of Mercy Catholic High School (Micronesia)">Our Lady of Mercy Catholic High School</a>. Retrieved on 23 February 2018. "The school is located on the Catholic Mission in Kolonia near the Spanish Wall"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecofriendlytravels.com/wiki/Micronesia">"Green Travel Guide to Micronesia – How to Visit Sustainably"</a>. <i>ecofriendlytravels.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210716193905/https://ecofriendlytravels.com/wiki/Micronesia">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ecofriendlytravels.com&rft.atitle=Green+Travel+Guide+to+Micronesia+%E2%80%93+How+to+Visit+Sustainably&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fecofriendlytravels.com%2Fwiki%2FMicronesia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APohnpei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gene Ashby. <i>Pohnpei, an Island Argosy</i>, Publisher: Rainy Day Pr West; Revised edition (June 1987), paperback, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-931742-14-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-931742-14-9">978-0-931742-14-9</a>.</li> <li>David Childress. "The Lost City of the Pacific". <i>Omega Science Digest</i> (March 1986), pp. 48–55, 121.</li> <li>Thomas Morlang: <i>Rebellion in der Südsee. Der Aufstand auf Ponape gegen die deutschen Kolonialherren 1910-1911</i>. Berlin: Christoph Links Verlag. Germany. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783861536048" title="Special:BookSources/9783861536048">9783861536048</a>.</li> <li>Oliver Sacks (6 June 1997). <i>The Island of the Colour-blind</i>. Pan Macmillan, paperback, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-330-35234-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-330-35234-2">0-330-35234-2</a>.</li> <li>Martha C. Ward (1989). <i>Nest in the Wind: Adventures in anthropology on a tropical island</i>. Waveland Press, paperback, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88133-405-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-88133-405-7">0-88133-405-7</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohnpei&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pohnpei_Island" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pohnpei Island">Pohnpei Island</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pohnpei#Q319836" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Pohnpei">Pohnpei</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navegar-es-preciso.com/news/pohnpei-un-estado-maritimo-insular-en-el-oceano-pacifico-1-/">POHNPEI, un estado marítimo-insular en el Océano Pacífico. 1.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navegar-es-preciso.com/news/pohnpei-uno-de-los-cinco-estados-que-integran-la-fsm-2-/">POHNPEI, uno de los cinco estados que integran la FSM. 2.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navegar-es-preciso.com/news/pohnpei-%28islas-carolinas-orientales%29-3%C2%BA-parte-/">POHNPEI (Islas Carolinas orientales). 3º parte.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navegar-es-preciso.com/news/los-atolones-occidentales-de-pohnpei-%28estados-federados-de-micronesia%29-4%C2%AA-parte-/">Los atolones occidentales de Pohnpei (Estados Federados de Micronesia). 4ª parte.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federated_States_of_Micronesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Federated_States_of_Micronesia_topics" title="Template:Federated States of Micronesia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Federated_States_of_Micronesia_topics" title="Template talk:Federated States of Micronesia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Federated_States_of_Micronesia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Federated States of Micronesia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Federated_States_of_Micronesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a> </div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Chuuk.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chuuk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Chuuk.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chuuk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_Chuuk.svg/46px-Flag_of_Chuuk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chuuk_State" title="Chuuk State">Chuuk</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Flag_of_Kosrae.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kosrae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Flag_of_Kosrae.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kosrae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Flag_of_Kosrae.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kosrae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="370" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kosrae" title="Kosrae">Kosrae</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Pohnpei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pohnpei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Pohnpei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pohnpei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Pohnpei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Pohnpei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pohnpei_State" title="Pohnpei State">Pohnpei</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Yap.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Yap.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Yap.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="370" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yap_State" title="Yap State">Yap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="History of the Federated States of Micronesia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nan_Madol" title="Nan Madol">Nan Madol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_New_Guinea" title="German New Guinea">German New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_Mandate" title="South Seas Mandate">South Seas Mandate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peleliu" title="Battle of Peleliu">Battle of Peleliu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_Territory_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands">Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/135px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Geography of the Federated States of Micronesia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Administrative divisions of the Federated States of Micronesia">Divisions and places</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Politics of the Federated States of Micronesia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_of_Free_Association" title="Compact of Free Association">Compact of Free Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia">Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in the Federated States of Micronesia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Electoral districts of the Federated States of Micronesia">Electoral districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Foreign relations of the Federated States of Micronesia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in the Federated States of Micronesia">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of the Federated States of Micronesia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties in the Federated States of Micronesia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="President of the Federated States of Micronesia">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Vice President of the Federated States of Micronesia">Vice President</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Economy of the Federated States of Micronesia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Telecommunications in the Federated States of Micronesia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport in the Federated States of Micronesia">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia#Culture" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriots_of_Micronesia" title="Patriots of Micronesia">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Demographics of the Federated States of Micronesia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Football in the Federated States of Micronesia">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Federated States of Micronesia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Religion in the Federated States of Micronesia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Public holidays in the Federated States of Micronesia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Seal of the Federated States of Micronesia">Seal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Outline of the Federated States of Micronesia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Federated_States_of_Micronesia%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Federated States of Micronesia–related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Category:Federated States of Micronesia">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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