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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earlier_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earlier_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Earlier 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earlier_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_development_to_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_development_to_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Postwar development to present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_development_to_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Topography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Topography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Cityscape </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Neighborhoods </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Flora </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Donelson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donelson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.1 Donelson </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donelson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_Hickory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_Hickory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5.2 Old Hickory </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_Hickory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Metropolitan_area" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metropolitan_area"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Metropolitan area </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metropolitan_area-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Top_employers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Top_employers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Top employers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Top_employers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dining" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dining"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Dining </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dining-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entertainment_and_performing_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entertainment_and_performing_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Entertainment and performing arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entertainment_and_performing_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Major_annual_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_annual_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.1 Major annual events </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_annual_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nicknames" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nicknames"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Nicknames </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nicknames-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Sports </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sports subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Professional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Professional </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-College_and_amateur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#College_and_amateur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 College and amateur </div> </a> <ul id="toc-College_and_amateur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_gardens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_gardens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Parks and gardens </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_gardens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_and_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_and_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Law and government </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Law_and_government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Law and government subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Law_and_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Crime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colleges_and_universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colleges_and_universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Colleges and universities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colleges_and_universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Infrastructure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.1 Highways </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.2 Public transit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.3 Air </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intercity_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intercity_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.4 Intercity rail </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intercity_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bridges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bridges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1.5 Bridges </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bridges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 Utilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.3 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 International relations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle International relations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consulates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consulates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Consulates </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consulates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Nashville, Tennessee</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 136 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-136" aria-hidden="true" > 136 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%93%E1%88%BD%E1%89%AA%E1%88%8D%E1%8D%A3_%E1%89%B4%E1%8A%90%E1%88%B2" title="ናሽቪል፣ ቴነሲ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ናሽቪል፣ ቴነሲ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnascburg" title="Gnascburg – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gnascburg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84_(%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A)" title="ناشفيل (تينيسي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ناشفيل (تينيسي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C5%9Fvill" title="Neşvill – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Neşvill" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84" title="نشویل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نشویل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2" title="ন্যাশভিল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ন্যাশভিল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Нашвіл – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нашвіл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Нэшвіл – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нэшвіл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Нашвил – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нашвил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sh%C4%AF%C4%AFh_H%C3%A1%C3%A1l%C3%ADn%C3%AD" title="Áshįįh Háálíní – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Áshįįh Háálíní" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BB_(%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%AF)" title="Νάσβιλ (Τενεσί) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νάσβιλ (Τενεσί)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C5%9Dvilo_(Tenesio)" title="Naŝvilo (Tenesio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Naŝvilo (Tenesio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%8C_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="نشویل، تنسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشویل، تنسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_(%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A)" title="نشويل (تنسي) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="نشويل (تنسي)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB" title="𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌱𐌹𐌻 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌱𐌹𐌻" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EC%8A%88%EB%B9%8C" title="내슈빌 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="내슈빌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A5%D5%B7%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AC" title="Նեշվիլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նեշվիլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87,_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80" title="नैशविले, टेनेसी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नैशविले, टेनेसी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвилл – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Нашвилл" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C" title="נאשוויל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נאשוויל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ნეშვილი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნეშვილი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвилл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нашвилл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessi" title="Nashville, Tennessi – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Nashville, Tennessi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Ten%C3%A8si)" title="Nashville (Tenèsi) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Nashville (Tenèsi)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8)" title="Нэшвилл (Теннесси) – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Нэшвилл (Теннесси)" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasburgum" title="Nasburgum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nasburgum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C5%A1vila" title="Našvila – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Našvila" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C5%A1vilis" title="Našvilis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Našvilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Нешвил – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нешвил" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD,_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%80" title="നാഷ്‌വിൽ, ടെന്നസീ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നാഷ്‌വിൽ, ടെന്നസീ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80)" title="नॅशव्हिल (टेनेसी) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नॅशव्हिल (टेनेसी)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ნეშვილი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნეშვილი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%84_(%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%89)" title="ناشڤيل (تينيسى) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ناشڤيل (تينيسى)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвилл – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нашвилл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2" title="न्याश्भिल – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="न्याश्भिल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%93%E3%83%AB" title="ナッシュビル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナッシュビル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвилл – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нашвилл" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="न्यास्भिल्ल – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="न्यास्भिल्ल" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%84%DB%92" title="ناشولے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ناشولے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9B" title="ណាសវីល – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ណាសវីល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвилл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нашвилл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D" title="नाश्विल् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="नाश्विल्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville_(Tennessee)" title="Nashville (Tennessee) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nashville (Tennessee)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashfile,_Tennessee" title="Nashfile, Tennessee – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Nashfile, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%DA%A4%DB%8C%DA%B5" title="ناشڤیڵ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ناشڤیڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Нешвил – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нешвил" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="நாஷ்வில் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாஷ்வில்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D3%99%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нәшвилл – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Нәшвилл" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C" title="แนชวิลล์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แนชวิลล์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвилл – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нашвилл" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Нашвілл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нашвілл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%8C_%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="نیشویل، ٹینیسی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیشویل، ٹینیسی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashwil" title="Nashwil – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Nashwil" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville" title="Nashville – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Nashville" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C5%A1vill" title="Našvill – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Našvill" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nashville, Tennessee" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" 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This template is reserved for obvious cases only, for other cases refer to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_problems" title="Wikipedia:Copyright problems">Wikipedia:Copyright problems</a>. Note to others: Please do not remove this template until an administrator has reviewed it.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital city of Tennessee, United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Nashville" and "Music City" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nashville (disambiguation)">Nashville (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music_City_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Music City (disambiguation)">Music City (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State capital and consolidated city-county in Tennessee, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Nashville</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">State capital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">consolidated city-county</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:81px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Skyline of Nashville in 2024" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg/268px-Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg/402px-Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg/536px-Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4028" data-file-height="1226" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Downtown Nashville</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Parthenon in Centennial Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg/129px-Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg/194px-Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg/258px-Parthenon_at_evening_in_Nashville.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center">The <a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">Parthenon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:68px;max-width:68px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="AT&T Building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg/66px-AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="66" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg/99px-AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg/132px-AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="3749" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Building_(Nashville)" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Building (Nashville)">AT&T Building</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:67px;max-width:67px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Vanderbilt University" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG/65px-VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG" decoding="async" width="65" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG/98px-VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG/130px-VanderbiltKirlandTower2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Bridgestone_Arena_(Northeast_corner).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bridgestone Arena" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Bridgestone_Arena_%28Northeast_corner%29.JPG/132px-Bridgestone_Arena_%28Northeast_corner%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Bridgestone_Arena_%28Northeast_corner%29.JPG/198px-Bridgestone_Arena_%28Northeast_corner%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Bridgestone_Arena_%28Northeast_corner%29.JPG/264px-Bridgestone_Arena_%28Northeast_corner%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Grand Ole Opry" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png/132px-Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png/198px-Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png/264px-Grand_Ole_Opry_House_2022d.png 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center">The <a href="/wiki/Grand_Ole_Opry" title="Grand Ole Opry">Grand Ole Opry</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:150px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tennessee State Capitol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg/268px-Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg/402px-Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg/536px-Tennessee_State_Capitol_Building_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4702" data-file-height="2644" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Capitol" title="Tennessee State Capitol">Tennessee State Capitol</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Nashville.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Nashville"><img alt="Flag of Nashville" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Nashville.png/100px-Flag_of_Nashville.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Nashville.png/150px-Flag_of_Nashville.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Nashville.png/200px-Flag_of_Nashville.png 2x" data-file-width="3560" data-file-height="2136" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Flag of Nashville, Tennessee">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Nashville,_Tennessee.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Nashville"><img alt="Official seal of Nashville" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Seal_of_Nashville%2C_Tennessee.png/100px-Seal_of_Nashville%2C_Tennessee.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Seal_of_Nashville%2C_Tennessee.png/150px-Seal_of_Nashville%2C_Tennessee.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Seal_of_Nashville%2C_Tennessee.png/200px-Seal_of_Nashville%2C_Tennessee.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1100" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of Nashville, Tennessee">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Music City, Country Music Capital, Athens of the South, Smashville, Nashvegas<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1222442370">.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container>label:first-of-type{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container a.mw-kartographer-container.floatright,.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container a.mw-kartographer-container.floatleft,.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container div.mw-kartographer-container.tright,.mw-parser-output .mapframe-multi-container div.mw-kartographer-container.tleft{padding:0 0 0 0;margin:0 0 0 0}</style><div class="switcher-container mapframe-multi-container center"><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 270px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="270" data-zoom="9" data-lat="36.1622" data-lon="-86.7744" data-overlays="["_191aeb0118b1bbb8e037f166dc91b5d408430b7d"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/9/36.1622/-86.7744/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,36.1622,-86.7744,270x270.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nashville%2C_Tennessee&revid=1277496181&groups=_191aeb0118b1bbb8e037f166dc91b5d408430b7d" width="270" height="270" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,36.1622,-86.7744,270x270@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nashville%2C_Tennessee&revid=1277496181&groups=_191aeb0118b1bbb8e037f166dc91b5d408430b7d 2x" alt="Map" /></a>Show <a href="/wiki/Nashville-Davidson_(balance),_Tennessee" title="Nashville-Davidson (balance), Tennessee">Nashville balance</a></div><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 270px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="270" data-zoom="5" data-lat="36" data-lon="-86" data-overlays="["_79c088ab9cbe5bec0801ef1c63f7ccc8cc055a1b"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/5/36/-86/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,5,36,-86,270x270.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nashville%2C_Tennessee&revid=1277496181&groups=_79c088ab9cbe5bec0801ef1c63f7ccc8cc055a1b" width="270" height="270" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,5,36,-86,270x270@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nashville%2C_Tennessee&revid=1277496181&groups=_79c088ab9cbe5bec0801ef1c63f7ccc8cc055a1b 2x" alt="Map" /></a>Show Tennessee</div><div><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 270px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="270" data-zoom="3" data-lat="39.828175" data-lon="-98.5795" data-overlays="["_376038e71d6c412adf4f2781464310445c47aa91"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/3/39.828175/-98.5795/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,3,39.828175,-98.5795,270x270.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nashville%2C_Tennessee&revid=1277496181&groups=_376038e71d6c412adf4f2781464310445c47aa91" width="270" height="270" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,3,39.828175,-98.5795,270x270@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nashville%2C_Tennessee&revid=1277496181&groups=_376038e71d6c412adf4f2781464310445c47aa91 2x" alt="Map" /></a>Show the United States</div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nashville is located in Tennessee"><img alt="Nashville is located in Tennessee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Tennessee_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1068" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.062%;left:40.94%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Nashville" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Nashville</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div>Show map of Tennessee</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Nashville is located in the United States"><img alt="Nashville is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/250px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/375px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png/500px-Usa_edcp_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:56.912%;left:66.039%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Nashville" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Nashville</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div>Show map of the United States</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nashville,_Tennessee&params=36_09_44_N_86_46_28_W_region:US-TN_type:city(715884)">36°09′44″N 86°46′28″W / 36.16222°N 86.77444°W / 36.16222; -86.77444</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/County_(United_States)" title="County (United States)">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1779; 246 years ago (1779)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated</th><td class="infobox-data">1806; 219 years ago (1806)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City-county consolidation</th><td class="infobox-data">1963; 62 years ago (1963)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Nash" title="Francis Nash">Francis Nash</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of mayors of Nashville, Tennessee">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Freddie_O%27Connell" title="Freddie O'Connell">Freddie O'Connell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[a]</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Vice Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Angie Henderson</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-area_land-4">[3]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">525.94 sq mi (1,362.2 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">504.03 sq mi (1,305.4 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">21.91 sq mi (56.7 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-USGS-5">[4]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">554 ft (169 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2022</a>)<a href="#cite_note-6">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-Consolidated-7">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-8">[6]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">Consolidated</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">715,884</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_cities_by_population" title="List of North American cities by population">65th</a> in North America <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">21st</a> in the United States<a href="#cite_note-balance-9">[c]</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Tennessee" title="List of municipalities in Tennessee">1st</a> in Tennessee<a href="#cite_note-balance-9">[c]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,420.32/sq mi (548.39/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,158,642 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_urban_areas" title="List of United States urban areas">US: 42nd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,980.7/sq mi (764.8/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-2020Pop-10">[7]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,072,283 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_statistical_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan statistical areas">US: 35th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Nashville-Davidson_(balance),_Tennessee" title="Nashville-Davidson (balance), Tennessee">Balance</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">689,447</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Nashvillian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-11">[8]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro</th><td class="infobox-data">$204.861 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">CST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Daylight Time">CDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">ZIP Codes</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">37201-37222, 37224, 37227-37230, 37232, 37234-37236, 37238, 37240-37244, 37246, 37250</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_615_and_629" title="Area codes 615 and 629">615 and 629</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">1652484<a href="#cite_note-USGS-5">[4]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nashville.gov/">nashville.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Nashville, often known as Music City,<a href="#cite_note-12">[9]</a> is the capital and <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Tennessee" title="List of municipalities in Tennessee">most populous city</a> in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> and the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson County</a>. Located in Middle Tennessee, it had a population of 689,447 at the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 U.S. census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[d]</a> Nashville is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">21st most populous city in the United States</a>, and the fourth most populous city in <a href="/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" title="Southeastern United States">the Southeast</a><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-8">[6]</a> Located on the <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_River" title="Cumberland River">Cumberland River</a>,<a href="#cite_note-GR6-14">[10]</a> the city is the center of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_metropolitan_area" title="Nashville metropolitan area">Nashville Metropolitan Area</a>, and is one of the fastest growing in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-15">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[12]</a> Named for <a href="/wiki/Francis_Nash" title="Francis Nash">Francis Nash</a>, a general of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, the city was founded in 1779 when this territory was still considered part of North Carolina. The city grew quickly due to its strategic location as a port on the Cumberland River and, in the 19th century, a railroad center. Nashville as part of Tennessee seceded during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>; in 1862 it was the first state capital in the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederacy</a> to be taken by <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Ohio" title="Army of the Ohio">Union forces</a>. It was occupied through the war. After the war, the city gradually reclaimed its stature. It became a center of trade and developed a manufacturing base. Since 1963, Nashville has had a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">consolidated city-county</a> government, which includes six smaller municipalities in a two-tier system. The city is governed by a mayor, a vice-mayor, and a 40-member metropolitan council. Some 35 of the members are elected from <a href="/wiki/Single-member_district" title="Single-member district">single-member districts</a>, while five are elected <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a>. Reflecting the city's position in state government, Nashville is home to the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Supreme_Court" title="Tennessee Supreme Court">Tennessee Supreme Court</a>'s courthouse for <a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee" title="Middle Tennessee">Middle Tennessee</a>, one of the state's <a href="/wiki/Grand_Divisions_of_Tennessee" title="Grand Divisions of Tennessee">three divisions</a>. As of 2020, Nashville is considered a <a href="/wiki/Global_city" title="Global city">global city</a>, type "Gamma" by the <a href="/wiki/GaWC" class="mw-redirect" title="GaWC">GaWC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[13]</a> The city is a major center for the <a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">music industry</a>, especially <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country music</a>. It is home to three <a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">major professional sports teams</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Predators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Titans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a>. The city is also the home of many colleges and universities including <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belmont_University" title="Belmont University">Belmont University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trevecca_Nazarene_University" title="Trevecca Nazarene University">Trevecca Nazarene University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_University" title="Lipscomb University">Lipscomb University</a>. Nashville is sometimes referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> of the South" due to the large number of educational institutions.<a href="#cite_note-Harper2013-18">[14]</a> The city is also a major center for the healthcare,<a href="#cite_note-19">[15]</a> publishing,<a href="#cite_note-latimes86-20">[16]</a> banking,<a href="#cite_note-21">[17]</a> automotive,<a href="#cite_note-22">[18]</a> and technology<a href="#cite_note-wsmv040621-23">[19]</a> industries. Entities with headquarters in the city include <a href="/wiki/AllianceBernstein" title="AllianceBernstein">AllianceBernstein</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Asurion" title="Asurion">Asurion</a>,<a href="#cite_note-25">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone" title="Bridgestone">Bridgestone Americas</a>,<a href="#cite_note-bridgestoneamericas-26">[22]</a> <a href="/wiki/Captain_D%27s" title="Captain D's">Captain D's</a>,<a href="#cite_note-27">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Gideons_International" title="The Gideons International">Gideons International</a>, <a href="/wiki/HCA_Healthcare" title="HCA Healthcare">Hospital Corporation of America</a>,<a href="#cite_note-28">[24]</a> <a href="/wiki/LifeWay_Christian_Resources" title="LifeWay Christian Resources">LifeWay Christian Resources</a>,<a href="#cite_note-29">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Logan%27s_Roadhouse" title="Logan's Roadhouse">Logan's Roadhouse</a>,<a href="#cite_note-30">[26]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ryman_Hospitality_Properties" title="Ryman Hospitality Properties">Ryman Hospitality Properties</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[27]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="History of Nashville, Tennessee">History of Nashville, Tennessee</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Timeline of Nashville, Tennessee">Timeline of Nashville, Tennessee</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_and_19th_centuries">18th and 19th centuries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 18th and 19th centuries">edit</a>]</div> In 1689, French-Canadian trader <a href="/wiki/Martin_Chartier" title="Martin Chartier">Martin Chartier</a> established a trading post on the Cumberland River, near the present-day site of the city.<a href="#cite_note-32">[28]</a> In 1714, a group of French traders under the command of Charles Charleville established a settlement and trading post at the present location of downtown Nashville, which became known as French Lick. These settlers quickly established an extensive fur trading network with the local Native Americans, but by the 1740s the settlement had largely been abandoned.<a href="#cite_note-33">[29]</a> In 1779, explorers <a href="/wiki/James_Robertson_(explorer)" title="James Robertson (explorer)">James Robertson</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Donelson" title="John Donelson">John Donelson</a> led a party of <a href="/wiki/Overmountain_Men" title="Overmountain Men">Overmountain Men</a> to the site of French Lick, and constructed <a href="/wiki/Fort_Nashborough" title="Fort Nashborough">Fort Nashborough</a>. It was named for <a href="/wiki/Francis_Nash" title="Francis Nash">Francis Nash</a>, the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> hero. Nashville quickly grew because of its strategic location as a port on the <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_River" title="Cumberland River">Cumberland River</a>, a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a>; and its later status as a major railroad center. By 1800, the city had 345 residents, including 136 enslaved African Americans and 14 free African Americans.<a href="#cite_note-SP1L132-34">[30]</a> In 1806, Nashville was <a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">incorporated</a> as a city and became the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson County, Tennessee</a>. In 1843, the city was named as the permanent capital of the state of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>. Knoxville, Kingston & Murfreesboro were prior locations of the state capital.<a href="#cite_note-35">[31]</a> The city government of Nashville owned 24 slaves by 1831, and 60 prior to the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>. They were "put to work to build the first successful water system and maintain the streets."<a href="#cite_note-slavemarketincludedauction-36">[32]</a> Auction blocks and brokers' offices were part of the slave market at the heart of the city.<a href="#cite_note-slavemarketincludedauction-36">[32]</a> It was the center of plantations cultivating tobacco and hemp as commodity crops, in addition to the breeding and training of thoroughbred horses, and other livestock. For years Nashville was considered one of the wealthiest southern capitals and a large portion of its prominence was from the iron business. Nashville led the south for iron production.<a href="#cite_note-37">[33]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg/220px-Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg/330px-Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg/440px-Old_nashville_riverfront.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Nashville riverfront shortly after the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></figcaption></figure> The cholera epidemic that struck Nashville in 1849–1850 took the life of former U.S. President <a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a> and resulted in high fatalities. There were 311 deaths from cholera in 1849<a href="#cite_note-38">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-NashCityCemetery-39">[35]</a> and an estimated 316 to about 500 in 1850.<a href="#cite_note-Bowling1866-40">[36]</a> Before the Civil War, about 700 free <a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">Blacks</a> lived in small enclaves in northern Nashville. More than 3,200 enslaved African Americans lived in the city.<a href="#cite_note-BitterSoutherner-41">[37]</a> By 1860, when the first <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">rumblings of secession</a> began to be heard across the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">South</a>, antebellum Nashville was a prosperous city. The city's significance as a shipping port and rail center made it a desirable prize for competing military forces that wanted to control the region's important river and railroad transportation routes. In February 1862, Nashville became the first Confederate state capital to fall to <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">U.S.</a> troops, and the state was occupied by the U.S. Army for the duration of the war. Many enslaved African Americans from Middle Tennessee fled as refugees to Union lines; they were housed in contraband camps around military installations in Nashville's eastern, western, and southern borders. The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nashville" title="Battle of Nashville">Battle of Nashville</a> (December 15–16, 1864) was a significant Union victory and perhaps the most decisive tactical victory gained by either side in the war; it was also the war's final major military action in which Tennessee regiments played a large part on both sides of the battle. Afterward, the Confederates conducted a <a href="/wiki/War_of_attrition" class="mw-redirect" title="War of attrition">war of attrition</a>, making <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla">guerrilla</a> raids and engaging in small skirmishes. Confederate forces in the <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a> were almost constantly in retreat. In 1868, three years after the end of the Civil War, the Nashville chapter of the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a> was founded by Confederate veteran <a href="/wiki/John_W._Morton_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John W. Morton (Tennessee politician)">John W. Morton</a>. He was reported to have initiated General <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Bedford_Forrest" title="Nathan Bedford Forrest">Nathan Bedford Forrest</a> into the white-supremacist organization.<a href="#cite_note-tennesseanobit-42">[38]</a> The latter became Grand Wizard of the organization, which had chapters of this secret, <a href="/wiki/Insurgent" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurgent">insurgent</a> group forming throughout the state and across the South. They opposed voting and political organizing by <a href="/wiki/Freedmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedmen">freedmen</a>, tried to control their behavior by threats, violence and murder, and sometimes also attacked their White allies, including schoolteachers from the North and Freedman's Bureau officials. Whites directed violence against freedmen and their descendants both during and after the <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a>. Two freedmen, <a href="/wiki/Lynching_of_David_Jones" title="Lynching of David Jones">David Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lynching_of_Jo_Reed" title="Lynching of Jo Reed">Jo Reed</a>, were lynched in Nashville by White mobs in 1872 and 1875, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-43">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[40]</a> Reed was hanged from a bridge over the river, but survived after the rope broke and he fell into the water. He successfully escaped the city soon thereafter.<a href="#cite_note-45">[41]</a> In the aftermath of the Civil War, the <a href="/wiki/Fisk_Jubilee_Singers" title="Fisk Jubilee Singers">Fisk Jubilee Singers</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a> in Nashville emerged as a beacon of hope and cultural pride. By 1871, this ensemble began touring the U.S. and Europe, earning international acclaim for their performances of <a href="/wiki/Negro_spirituals" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro spirituals">Negro spirituals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[42]</a> Their success not only provided vital funding for their university<a href="#cite_note-47">[43]</a> but also marked Nashville as a significant center for African American music and culture, laying the groundwork for the city's enduring musical legacy. In 1873, Nashville suffered another cholera epidemic, along with towns throughout Sumner County along railroad routes and the Cumberland River. This was part of a larger epidemic that struck the Mississippi Valley system and other areas of the United States, such as New York and towns along its major lakes and rivers. The epidemic is estimated to have killed around 1,000 people in Nashville,<a href="#cite_note-48">[44]</a> and 50,000 total. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_from_Capitol._Nashville,_Tennessee_(5614200862).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/View_from_Capitol._Nashville%2C_Tennessee_%285614200862%29.jpg/220px-View_from_Capitol._Nashville%2C_Tennessee_%285614200862%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/View_from_Capitol._Nashville%2C_Tennessee_%285614200862%29.jpg/330px-View_from_Capitol._Nashville%2C_Tennessee_%285614200862%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/View_from_Capitol._Nashville%2C_Tennessee_%285614200862%29.jpg/440px-View_from_Capitol._Nashville%2C_Tennessee_%285614200862%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="814" /></a><figcaption>View from the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Capitol" title="Tennessee State Capitol">Tennessee State Capitol</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1865</figcaption></figure> Meanwhile, the city had reclaimed its important shipping and trading position and developed a solid manufacturing base. The post–Civil War years of the late 19th century brought new prosperity to Nashville and Davidson County. Wealthy planters and businessmen built grand, classical-style buildings. A replica of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">Parthenon</a> was constructed in <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park</a>, near downtown.<a href="#cite_note-49">[45]</a> On April 30, 1892, <a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Grizzard" class="mw-redirect" title="Ephraim Grizzard">Ephraim Grizzard</a>, an African-American man, was <a href="/wiki/Lynching_in_the_United_States" title="Lynching in the United States">lynched</a> in a spectacle murder in front of a white mob of 10,000 in Nashville. He was a suspect in the assault of two white sisters.<a href="#cite_note-richmondthemobhaditsway-50">[46]</a> His lynching was described by journalist <a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Wells" title="Ida B. Wells">Ida B. Wells</a> as: "A naked, bloody example of the blood-thirstiness of the nineteenth century civilization of the Athens of the South."<a href="#cite_note-wellsuniedstatesatrocities-51">[47]</a> His brother, Henry Grizzard, had been lynched and hanged on April 24, 1892, in nearby Goodlettsville as a suspect in the same assault incident. From 1877 to 1950, a total of six lynchings of Blacks were conducted in Davidson County, four before the turn of the century.<a href="#cite_note-52">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earlier_20th_century">Earlier 20th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Earlier 20th century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sky_line_view_of_Nashville,_Tenn_(74039).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Sky_line_view_of_Nashville%2C_Tenn_%2874039%29.jpg/220px-Sky_line_view_of_Nashville%2C_Tenn_%2874039%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Sky_line_view_of_Nashville%2C_Tenn_%2874039%29.jpg/330px-Sky_line_view_of_Nashville%2C_Tenn_%2874039%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Sky_line_view_of_Nashville%2C_Tenn_%2874039%29.jpg/440px-Sky_line_view_of_Nashville%2C_Tenn_%2874039%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3307" data-file-height="2077" /></a><figcaption>Depiction of Nashville skyline c. 1940s</figcaption></figure> By the turn of the century Nashville was home to numerous organizations and individuals associated with revisionist <a href="/wiki/Lost_Cause_of_the_Confederacy" title="Lost Cause of the Confederacy">Lost Cause of the Confederacy</a> pseudohistory, and it has been referred to as the "cradle of the Lost Cause."<a href="#cite_note-simpson29-53">[49]</a> In 1893, the magazine <a href="/wiki/Confederate_Veteran" title="Confederate Veteran">Confederate Veteran</a> began publication in the city.<a href="#cite_note-goffjstorarticle-54">[50]</a> In 1894, the first chapter of <a href="/wiki/United_Daughters_of_the_Confederacy" title="United Daughters of the Confederacy">United Daughters of the Confederacy</a> was founded in the city, and it hosted the first two conventions of the organization.<a href="#cite_note-55">[51]</a> Prominent proponents of the mythology, the so-called "guardians of the Lost Cause," were concentrated Downtown and in the West End, near <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-simpson29-53">[49]</a> At the same time, <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Street_(Nashville)" title="Jefferson Street (Nashville)">Jefferson Street</a> became the historic center of the African American community, with similar districts developing in the Black neighborhoods in East and North Nashville. In 1912, the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee Agricultural and Industrial and Normal School</a> was moved to Jefferson Street.<a href="#cite_note-BitterSoutherner-41">[37]</a> The first <a href="/wiki/Prince%27s_Hot_Chicken_Shack" title="Prince's Hot Chicken Shack">Prince's Hot Chicken Shack</a> originated at the corner of Jefferson Street and 28th Avenue in 1945.<a href="#cite_note-BitterSoutherner-41">[37]</a> Jefferson Street became a destination for jazz and blues musicians,<a href="#cite_note-BitterSoutherner-41">[37]</a> and remained so until the federal government split the area by construction of <a href="/wiki/Interstate_40" title="Interstate 40">Interstate 40</a> in the late 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-tennesseanfootpathbecame-56">[52]</a> In 1925, the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Ole_Opry" title="Grand Ole Opry">Grand Ole Opry</a> marked the beginning of Nashville's journey as the 'Country Music Capital of the World',<a href="#cite_note-57">[53]</a> drawing musicians and fans alike to the city and setting the stage for its future as a country music powerhouse.<a href="#cite_note-58">[54]</a> In 1950, the state legislature approved a new city charter that provided for the election of city council members from <a href="/wiki/Single-member_district" title="Single-member district">single-member districts</a>, rather than <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> voting. This change was supported because at-large voting required candidates to gain a majority of votes from across the city. The previous system prevented the minority population, which then tended to support Republican candidates, from being represented by candidates of their choice; apportionment under single-member districts meant that some districts in Nashville had Black majorities. In 1951, after passage of the new charter, African American attorneys <a href="/wiki/Z._Alexander_Looby" title="Z. Alexander Looby">Z. Alexander Looby</a> and Robert E. Lillard were elected to the city council.<a href="#cite_note-59">[55]</a> During the mid-1950s, Nashville underwent a musical transformation with the emergence of the '<a href="/wiki/Nashville_sound" title="Nashville sound">Nashville Sound</a>,' which was characterized by "smooth strings and choruses", "sophisticated background vocals" and "smooth tempos" associated with <a href="/wiki/Traditional_pop" title="Traditional pop">traditional pop</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[57]</a> The new sound broadened country music's appeal and solidified Nashville's status as a music recording and production center. With the United States Supreme Court ruling in 1954 that public schools had to desegregate with "all deliberate speed", the family of student Robert Kelley filed a lawsuit in 1956, arguing that Nashville administrators should open all-White East High School to him. A similar case was filed by <a href="/wiki/Reverend" class="mw-redirect" title="Reverend">Reverend</a> Henry Maxwell due to his children having to take a 45-minute bus ride from South Nashville to the north end of the city. These suits caused the courts to announce what became known as the "Nashville Plan", where the city's public schools would desegregate one grade per year beginning in the fall of 1957.<a href="#cite_note-BitterSoutherner-41">[37]</a> Urban redevelopment accelerated over the next several decades, and the city grew increasingly segregated. An interstate was placed on the edge of East Nashville while another highway was built through Edgehill, a lower-income, predominantly minority community.<a href="#cite_note-BitterSoutherner-41">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_development_to_present">Postwar development to present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Postwar development to present">edit</a>]</div> Rapid suburbanization occurred during the years immediately after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, as new housing was being built outside city limits. This resulted in a demand for many new schools and other support facilities, which the county found difficult to provide. At the same time, suburbanization led to a declining tax base in the city, although many suburban residents used unique city amenities and services that were supported financially only by city taxpayers. After years of discussion, a referendum was held in 1958 on the issue of consolidating city and county government. It failed to gain approval although it was supported by the then-elected leaders of both jurisdictions, County Judge <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Briley" title="Beverly Briley">Beverly Briley</a> and Mayor <a href="/wiki/Ben_West" title="Ben West">Ben West</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bucy-62">[58]</a> Following the referendum's failure, Nashville annexed some 42 square miles of suburban jurisdictions to expand its tax base. This increased uncertainty among residents, and created resentment among many suburban communities. Under the second charter for metropolitan government, which was approved in 1962, two levels of service provision were proposed: the General Services District and the Urban Services District, to provide for a differential in tax levels. Residents of the Urban Services District had a full range of city services. The areas that made up the General Services District, however, had a lower tax rate until full services were provided.<a href="#cite_note-bucy-62">[58]</a> This helped reconcile aspects of services and taxation among the differing jurisdictions within the large metro region. In the early 1960s, Tennessee still had racial segregation of public facilities, including lunch counters and department store fitting rooms. Hotels and restaurants were also segregated. Between February 13 and May 10, 1960, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_sit-ins" title="Nashville sit-ins">a series of sit-ins</a> were organized at lunch counters in downtown Nashville by the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Student_Movement" title="Nashville Student Movement">Nashville Student Movement</a> and Nashville Christian Leadership Council, and were part of a broader <a href="/wiki/Sit-in_movement" title="Sit-in movement">sit-in movement</a> in the southeastern United States as part of an effort to end racial segregation of public facilities.<a href="#cite_note-63">[59]</a> On April 19, 1960, the house of <a href="/wiki/Z._Alexander_Looby" title="Z. Alexander Looby">Z. Alexander Looby</a>, an African American attorney and council member, was bombed by segregationists.<a href="#cite_note-oshkoshblastwreckshome-64">[60]</a> Protesters marched to the city hall the next day. Mayor Ben West said he supported the desegregation of lunch counters, which civil rights activists had called for.<a href="#cite_note-newspalladiumnashvillesmayorforintegration-65">[61]</a> In 1963, Nashville consolidated its government with Davidson County, forming a <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">metropolitan government</a>. The membership on the Metro Council, the legislative body, was increased from 21 to 40 seats. Of these, five members are elected <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> and 35 are elected from <a href="/wiki/Single-member_district" title="Single-member district">single-member districts</a>, each to serve a term of four years.<a href="#cite_note-bucy-62">[58]</a> As Nashville evolved in the 1960s, its music scene diversified, welcoming <a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a>, and other genres and the 'Nashville Sound' transformed into '<a href="/wiki/Countrypolitan" class="mw-redirect" title="Countrypolitan">Countrypolitan</a>'. Artists like <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a> came to Nashville to record, reflecting the city's expanding influence in the music industry.<a href="#cite_note-66">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[63]</a> In 1960, <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> reported that Nashville had "nosed out <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> as the nation's second biggest (after <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>) record-producing center."<a href="#cite_note-68">[64]</a> In 1957 Nashville desegregated its school system using an innovative grade a year plan, in response to a class action suit Kelly vs. Board of Education of Nashville. By 1966 the Metro Council abandoned the grade a year plan and completely desegregated the entire school system at one time.<a href="#cite_note-69">[65]</a> Congress passed civil rights legislation in 1964 and 1965, but tensions continued as society was slow to change. On April 8, 1967, a riot broke out on the college campuses of Fisk University and Tennessee State University, <a href="/wiki/Historically_black_colleges_and_universities" title="Historically black colleges and universities">historically Black colleges</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Stokely_Carmichael" title="Stokely Carmichael">Stokely Carmichael</a> spoke about <a href="/wiki/Black_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Power">Black Power</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-frizzellnotjustamatter-70">[66]</a> Although it was viewed as a "race riot", it had classist characteristics.<a href="#cite_note-frizzellnotjustamatter-70">[66]</a> In 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a> burnt crosses outside two African American sites in Nashville, including the city headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">NAACP</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tennesseanebertbustatthe-71">[67]</a> Historically, Nashville <a href="/wiki/Zoning_in_the_United_States" title="Zoning in the United States">zoning</a> permitted the construction of <a href="/wiki/Duplex_(building)" title="Duplex (building)">duplex</a> housing. In the 1980s and 1990s, Nashville lawmakers downzoned sections of Nashville to exclusively permit <a href="/wiki/Single-family_detached_home" title="Single-family detached home">single-family housing</a>. Proponents of these downzonings said they would raise home values.<a href="#cite_note-72">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[70]</a> Since the 1970s, the city and county have undergone tremendous growth, particularly during the <a href="/wiki/Boom_and_bust" class="mw-redirect" title="Boom and bust">economic boom</a> of the 1990s under the leadership of then-Mayor and later-<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Tennessee" title="List of governors of Tennessee">Tennessee Governor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Bredesen" title="Phil Bredesen">Phil Bredesen</a>. Making urban renewal a priority, Bredesen fostered the construction or renovation of several city landmarks, including the <a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum">Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum</a>, the downtown <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Public_Library" title="Nashville Public Library">Nashville Public Library</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium" title="Nissan Stadium">Nissan Stadium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[72]</a> Nissan Stadium (formerly Adelphia Coliseum and LP Field) was built after the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>'s (NFL) <a href="/wiki/Houston_Oilers" title="Houston Oilers">Houston Oilers</a> agreed to move to the city in 1995. The NFL team debuted in Nashville in 1998 at <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanderbilt Stadium">Vanderbilt Stadium</a>, and Nissan Stadium opened in the summer of 1999. The Oilers changed their name to the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Tennessee Titans</a> and finished the season with the <a href="/wiki/Music_City_Miracle" title="Music City Miracle">Music City Miracle</a> and a close <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXIV" title="Super Bowl XXXIV">Super Bowl</a> game.<a href="#cite_note-77">[73]</a> The <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Rams" title="St. Louis Rams">St. Louis Rams</a> won in the <a href="/wiki/Final_play_of_Super_Bowl_XXXIV" class="mw-redirect" title="Final play of Super Bowl XXXIV">last play</a> of the game.<a href="#cite_note-78">[74]</a> In 1997, Nashville was awarded a <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> expansion team; this was named the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[75]</a> Since the 2003–04 season, the Predators have made the playoffs in all but four seasons. In 2017, they made the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup_Finals" title="Stanley Cup Finals">Stanley Cup Finals</a> for the first time in franchise history, but ultimately fell to the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Penguins" title="Pittsburgh Penguins">Pittsburgh Penguins</a>, 4 games to 2, in the best-of-seven series.<a href="#cite_note-80">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Recentism plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Recentism" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ambox_clock_yellow.svg/40px-Ambox_clock_yellow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ambox_clock_yellow.svg/60px-Ambox_clock_yellow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ambox_clock_yellow.svg/80px-Ambox_clock_yellow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article appears to be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Recentism" title="Wikipedia:Recentism">slanted towards recent events</a>. Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit">add more content</a> related to non-recent events. (March 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> On January 22, 2009, residents rejected <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Charter_Amendment_1" title="Nashville Charter Amendment 1">Nashville Charter Amendment 1</a>, which sought to make English the official language of the city.<a href="#cite_note-81">[77]</a> Between May 1 and 7, 2010, much of Nashville was <a href="/wiki/2010_Tennessee_floods" title="2010 Tennessee floods">extensively flooded as part of a series of 1,000 year floods</a> throughout Middle and West Tennessee. Much of the flooding took place in areas along the Cumberland and <a href="/wiki/Harpeth_River" title="Harpeth River">Harpeth</a> Rivers and <a href="/wiki/Mill_Creek_(Davidson_County,_Tennessee)" title="Mill Creek (Davidson County, Tennessee)">Mill Creek</a>, and caused extensive damage to the many buildings and structures in the city, including the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Ole_Opry" title="Grand Ole Opry">Grand Ole Opry House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Opryland_Resort_%26_Convention_Center" title="Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center">Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opry_Mills" title="Opry Mills">Opry Mills Mall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schermerhorn_Symphony_Center" title="Schermerhorn Symphony Center">Schermerhorn Symphony Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium" title="Nissan Stadium">Nissan Stadium</a>. Sections of Interstate 24 and Briley Parkway were also flooded. Eleven people died in the Nashville area as a result of the flooding, and damages were estimated to be over $2 billion.<a href="#cite_note-82">[78]</a> The city recovered after the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[79]</a> In March 2012, a Gallup poll ranked Nashville in the top five regions for job growth.<a href="#cite_note-84">[80]</a> In 2013, Nashville was described as "Nowville" and "It City" by <a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">GQ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[83]</a> Nashville elected its first female mayor, <a href="/wiki/Megan_Barry" title="Megan Barry">Megan Barry</a>, on September 25, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-tennesseangarrisonbarrypicks-88">[84]</a> As a council member, Barry had officiated at the city's first same-sex wedding on June 26, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-89">[85]</a> In 2017, Nashville's economy was deemed the third fastest-growing in the nation,<a href="#cite_note-90">[86]</a> and the city was named the "hottest housing market in the US" by Freddie Mac realtors.<a href="#cite_note-91">[87]</a> In May 2017, census estimates showed Nashville had passed <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a> to become most populated city in Tennessee.<a href="#cite_note-92">[88]</a> Nashville has also made national headlines for its "homelessness crisis". Rising housing prices and the opioid crisis have resulted in more people being out on the streets: as of 2018<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit">[update]</a>, between 2,300 and 20,000 Nashvillians are homeless.<a href="#cite_note-nashscenehomelessnesscrisis-93">[89]</a> On March 6, 2018, due to felony charges filed against Mayor Barry relating to the misuse of public funds, she resigned before the end of her term. A <a href="/wiki/2018_Nashville_mayoral_special_election" title="2018 Nashville mayoral special election">special election</a> was called. Following a ruling by the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Supreme_Court" title="Tennessee Supreme Court">Tennessee Supreme Court</a>, the Davidson County Election Commission set the special election for May 24, 2018, to meet the requirement of 75 to 80 days from the date of resignation.<a href="#cite_note-94">[90]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Briley" title="David Briley">David Briley</a>, who was Vice Mayor during the Barry administration and Acting Mayor after her resignation, won the special election with just over 54% of the vote,<a href="#cite_note-95">[91]</a> becoming the 70th mayor of Nashville.<a href="#cite_note-96">[92]</a> On May 1, 2018, voters rejected <a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Move_Nashville" title="Let's Move Nashville">Let's Move Nashville</a>, a referendum which would have funded construction of an $8.9 billion mass transit system under the Nashville Metropolitan Transit Authority (now <a href="/wiki/WeGo_Public_Transit" title="WeGo Public Transit">WeGo Public Transit</a>) by a 2 to 1 margin.<a href="#cite_note-97">[93]</a> On September 28, 2019, <a href="/wiki/John_Cooper_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Cooper (Tennessee politician)">John Cooper</a> became the ninth mayor of Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County.<a href="#cite_note-98">[94]</a> On March 3, 2020, <a href="/wiki/March_2020_Tennessee_tornado_outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="March 2020 Tennessee tornado outbreak">a tornado</a> tracked west to east, just north of the downtown Nashville area, killing at least 25 people and leaving tens of thousands without electricity. Neighborhoods impacted included North Nashville, Germantown, East Nashville, Donelson, and Hermitage.<a href="#cite_note-99">[95]</a> On December 25, 2020, <a href="/wiki/2020_Nashville_bombing" title="2020 Nashville bombing">a vehicle exploded on Second Avenue</a>, killing the perpetrator and injuring eight others.<a href="#cite_note-100">[96]</a> On March 27, 2023, <a href="/wiki/2023_Covenant_School_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Covenant School shooting">a gunman killed three children and three staff</a> at the Covenant School, before getting killed by police.<a href="#cite_note-101">[97]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_December_9%E2%80%9310,_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Tornado outbreak of December 9–10, 2023">December 9, 2023</a>, tornadoes caused considerable destruction and left three people dead.<a href="#cite_note-102">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Topography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nashville_by_Sentinel-2,_2020-07-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Nashville_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-07-11.jpg/220px-Nashville_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-07-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Nashville_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-07-11.jpg/330px-Nashville_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-07-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Nashville_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-07-11.jpg/440px-Nashville_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2020-07-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4007" data-file-height="3539" /></a><figcaption>Satellite image of Nashville 2020</figcaption></figure> Nashville lies on the <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_River" title="Cumberland River">Cumberland River</a> in the northwestern portion of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Basin" title="Nashville Basin">Nashville Basin</a>. Nashville's elevation ranges from its lowest point, 385 feet (117 m) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> at the Cumberland River,<a href="#cite_note-usgs-103">[99]</a> to its highest point, 1,163 feet (354 m) above sea level in the <a href="/wiki/Radnor_Lake_State_Natural_Area" title="Radnor Lake State Natural Area">Radnor Lake State Natural Area</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Highest_point_on_PeakBagger-104">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-Highest_point_on_TNBirds-105">[101]</a> Nashville also sits at the start of the <a href="/wiki/Highland_Rim" title="Highland Rim">Highland Rim</a>, a geophysical region of very hilly land. Because of this, Nashville is very hilly. Nashville also has some stand alone hills around the city such as the hill on which the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Capitol" title="Tennessee State Capitol">Tennessee State Capitol</a> building sits. According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the city has a total area of 527.9 square miles (1,367 km2), of which 504.0 square miles (1,305 km2) of it is land and 23.9 square miles (62 km2) of it (4.53%) is water. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cityscape">Cityscape</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cityscape">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Nashville" title="List of tallest buildings in Nashville">List of tallest buildings in Nashville</a></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skyline of Nashville in 2024"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg/800px-Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg/1200px-Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg/1600px-Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4028" data-file-height="1226" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Nashville_Skyline_from_Ft_Negly_2024.jpg" title="File:Nashville Skyline from Ft Negly 2024.jpg"> </a></div>Skyline of Nashville in 2024</div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._(49897946906).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._%2849897946906%29.jpg/220px-Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._%2849897946906%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._%2849897946906%29.jpg/330px-Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._%2849897946906%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._%2849897946906%29.jpg/440px-Blue_Angels_honored_frontline_workers_with_formation_flights_over_Nashville_and_Little_Rock._%2849897946906%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4074" data-file-height="2917" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Navy <a href="/wiki/Blue_Angels" title="Blue Angels">Blue Angels</a> over Nashville in 2020</figcaption></figure> Nashville's downtown area features a diverse assortment of entertainment, dining, cultural and architectural attractions. The Broadway and 2nd Avenue areas feature entertainment venues, night clubs and an assortment of restaurants. North of Broadway lie Nashville's central business district, Legislative Plaza, Capitol Hill and the <a href="/wiki/Bicentennial_Capitol_Mall_State_Park" title="Bicentennial Capitol Mall State Park">Tennessee Bicentennial Mall</a>. Cultural and architectural attractions can be found throughout the city. Three major interstate highways (I-40, I-65 and I-24) converge near the core area of downtown, and many regional cities are within a day's driving distance. Nashville's first skyscraper, the <a href="/wiki/Life_%26_Casualty_Tower" title="Life & Casualty Tower">Life & Casualty Tower</a>, was completed in 1957 and launched the construction of other high rises in downtown Nashville. After the construction of the <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Building_(Nashville)" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Building (Nashville)">AT&T Building</a> (commonly referred to by locals as the "Batman Building") in 1994, the downtown area saw little construction until the mid-2000s. <a href="/wiki/The_Pinnacle_at_Symphony_Place" title="The Pinnacle at Symphony Place">The Pinnacle</a>, a high rise office building which opened in 2010, was the first skyscraper in Nashville to be built in the preceding 15 years.<a href="#cite_note-106">[102]</a> Since 2000, Nashville has seen two urban construction booms (one prior to the Great Recession and the other after) that have yielded multiple high-rises (defined by Emporis as buildings of a minimum of 115 feet tall). Of the city's 33 towers of 300 feet tall or taller (as of April 2023), 24 have been completed since 2000. Of note, Nashville has a disproportionate number of buildings 300 feet and taller in relation to its overall metropolitan statistical area (MSA) population of about 2 million (2021 U.S. Census Bureau estimate). This is due, in part, to the tourism-centric city's multiple hotel towers and to many condominium towers having multiple unit owners who also own other residential properties in both Nashville and in other markets. In contrast, and for comparison, Phoenix, with an MSA population of about 4.95 million (2021 estimate) offered 21 buildings of 300 feet and taller (as of late 2024). Many civic and infrastructure projects are being planned, in progress, or recently completed. A new MTA bus hub was recently completed in downtown Nashville, as was the Music City Star (now known as the <a href="/wiki/WeGo_Star" title="WeGo Star">WeGo Star</a>) pilot project. Several public parks have been constructed, such as the Public Square. Riverfront Park is scheduled to be extensively updated. The <a href="/wiki/Music_City_Center" title="Music City Center">Music City Center</a> opened in May 2013.<a href="#cite_note-107">[103]</a> It is a 1,200,000-square-foot (110,000 m2) convention center with 350,000 square feet (33,000 m2) of exhibit space.<a href="#cite_note-108">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighborhoods">Neighborhoods</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Neighborhoods">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col div-col-small" style="column-width: 12em;"> <ul><li>12South</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antioch,_Tennessee" title="Antioch, Tennessee">Antioch</a></li> <li>Belmont-Hillsboro</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade,_Tennessee" title="Belle Meade, Tennessee">Belle Meade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellevue,_Tennessee" title="Bellevue, Tennessee">Bellevue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Berry Hill, Tennessee">Berry Hill</a></li> <li>Bordeaux</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buena_Vista_Historic_District_(Tennessee)" title="Buena Vista Historic District (Tennessee)">Buena Vista</a></li> <li>Cane Ridge</li> <li>Cleveland Park</li> <li>Crieve Hall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donelson,_Tennessee" title="Donelson, Tennessee">Donelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="East Nashville, Tennessee">East Nashville</a></li> <li>Edgehill</li> <li>Five Points/East End</li> <li>Germantown</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Hills,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Green Hills, Nashville, Tennessee">Green Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gulch,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="The Gulch, Nashville, Tennessee">The Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage,_Tennessee" title="Hermitage, Tennessee">Hermitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsboro_Village" title="Hillsboro Village">Hillsboro Village</a></li> <li>Hope Gardens</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Inglewood, Nashville, Tennessee">Inglewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joelton,_Tennessee" title="Joelton, Tennessee">Joelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Tennessee" title="Lakewood, Tennessee">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockeland_Springs" title="Lockeland Springs">Lockeland Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Tennessee" title="Madison, Tennessee">Madison</a></li> <li>McFerrin Park</li> <li>North Nashville</li> <li>Oak Hill</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Hickory,_Tennessee" title="Old Hickory, Tennessee">Old Hickory</a></li> <li>Richland/Cherokee Park</li> <li>SoBro</li> <li>Sylvan Heights</li> <li>Sylvan Park</li> <li>The Nations</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tusculum,_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tusculum, Nashville, Tennessee">Tusculum</a></li> <li>Whitland</li> <li>Woodbine</li> <li>Woodland-in-Waverly</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whites_Creek,_Tennessee" title="Whites Creek, Tennessee">Whites Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Meade,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="West Meade, Nashville, Tennessee">West Meade</a></li> <li>West Nashville</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora">Flora</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Flora">edit</a>]</div> The nearby city of <a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Tennessee" title="Lebanon, Tennessee">Lebanon</a> is notable and even named for its so-called "cedar glades", which occur on soils too poor to support most trees and are instead dominated by <a href="/wiki/Juniperus_virginiana" title="Juniperus virginiana">Virginian juniper</a>. <a href="/wiki/Blackberry" title="Blackberry">Blackberry</a> bushes, <a href="/wiki/Pinus_virginiana" title="Pinus virginiana">Virginia pine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinus_taeda" title="Pinus taeda">loblolly pine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sassafras_albidum" title="Sassafras albidum">sassafras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acer_rubrum" title="Acer rubrum">red maple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betula_nigra" title="Betula nigra">river birch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fagus_grandifolia" title="Fagus grandifolia">American beech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arundinaria_gigantea" title="Arundinaria gigantea">river cane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalmia_latifolia" title="Kalmia latifolia">mountain laurel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis" title="Platanus occidentalis">sycamore</a> are all common native trees, along with many others.<a href="#cite_note-109">[105]</a> In addition to the native forests, the combination of hot summers, abundant rainfall and mild winters permit a wide variety of both temperate and subtropical plants to be cultivated easily. <a href="/wiki/Magnolia_grandiflora" title="Magnolia grandiflora">Southern magnolia</a> and cherry blossom trees are commonly cultivated here, with the city having an annual cherry blossom festival.<a href="#cite_note-110">[106]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lagerstroemia" title="Lagerstroemia">Crepe myrtles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taxus" title="Taxus">yew</a> bushes are also commonly grown throughout Metro Nashville, and the winters are mild enough that <a href="/wiki/Magnolia_virginiana" title="Magnolia virginiana">sweetbay magnolia</a> is evergreen whenever it is cultivated. The <a href="/wiki/Pansy" title="Pansy">pansy</a> flower is popular to plant during the autumn, and some varieties will flower overwinter in Nashville's subtropical climate. However, many hot-weather plants like <a href="/wiki/Petunia" title="Petunia">petunia</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Cyperus_papyrus" title="Cyperus papyrus">papyrus</a> thrive as annuals, and <a href="/wiki/Musa_basjoo" title="Musa basjoo">Japanese banana</a> will die aboveground during winter but re-sprout after the danger of frost is over. Unbeknownst to most Tennesseans, even <a href="/wiki/List_of_hardy_palms" title="List of hardy palms">cold-hardy palms</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Rhapidophyllum" title="Rhapidophyllum">needle palm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sabal_minor" title="Sabal minor">dwarf palmetto</a>, are grown uncommonly but often successfully, while the taller <a href="/wiki/Trachycarpus_fortunei" title="Trachycarpus fortunei">windmill palm</a> is more marginal, perishing below about 5 °F (−15 °C) without protection. High desert plants like <a href="/wiki/Picea_pungens" class="mw-redirect" title="Picea pungens">Colorado spruce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Opuntia_humifusa" title="Opuntia humifusa">prickly pear cactus</a> are also grown somewhat commonly, as are <a href="/wiki/Yucca_filamentosa" title="Yucca filamentosa">Yucca filamentosa</a> and the trunking <a href="/wiki/Yucca_rostrata" title="Yucca rostrata">Yucca rostrata</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th>Nashville, Tennessee </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.032em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.7733333333333em;height:2.1111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8844444444444em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">49</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.2733333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">30</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.286em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.5</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.1066666666667em;height:2.3333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.44em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">54</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.6066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">33</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.286em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.5</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.8844444444444em;height:2.5555555555556em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.44em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">63</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3844444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">40</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.3876em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.7</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.8844444444444em;height:2.6666666666667em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.551111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">73</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.3844444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">49</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.54em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">5</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.884444444444em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.328888888889em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">80</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3844444444444em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">58</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.2352em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.773333333333em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">88</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.273333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">66</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.1336em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.2</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.328888888889em;height:2.2222222222222em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.551111111111em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">91</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.828888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">71</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9304em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3.8</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.106666666667em;height:2.3333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.44em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">90</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.606666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">69</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9304em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3.8</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.328888888889em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.773333333333em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">84</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8288888888889em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">62</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7272em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3.4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.9955555555556em;height:2.6666666666667em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.662222222222em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">74</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4955555555556em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">50</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9812em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3.9</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.7733333333333em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">61</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.2733333333333em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">39</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.2352em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">4.4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.1066666666667em;height:2.1111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">52</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.6066666666667em; left:0;width:1.5em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">33</div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: right; clear: both; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Metric conversion</th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.032em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">102</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:7.7733333333333em;height:2.1111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8844444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">9</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.2733333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−1</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.286em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">114</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.1066666666667em;height:2.3333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.44em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">12</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.6066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">1</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.286em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">114</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.8844444444444em;height:2.5555555555556em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.44em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3844444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">4</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.3876em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">119</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.8844444444444em;height:2.6666666666667em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.551111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">23</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.3844444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">9</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.54em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">127</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:10.884444444444em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.328888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">27</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.3844444444444em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">14</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.2352em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">112</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.773333333333em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">31</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.273333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">19</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.1336em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">107</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.328888888889em;height:2.2222222222222em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.551111111111em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">33</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.828888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">22</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9304em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">97</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:12.106666666667em;height:2.3333333333333em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:14.44em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">32</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.606666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">21</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9304em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">97</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:11.328888888889em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:13.773333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">29</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.8288888888889em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">17</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.7272em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">86</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:9.9955555555556em;height:2.6666666666667em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.662222222222em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">23</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.4955555555556em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">10</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.9812em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">99</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.7733333333333em;height:2.4444444444444em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">16</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.2733333333333em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">4</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.2352em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">112</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.2em;width:1.2em;bottom:8.1066666666667em;height:2.1111111111111em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.217777777778em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">11</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.6066666666667em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">1</div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Nashville_International_Airport" title="Nashville International Airport">Nashville International Airport</a> in Donelson has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> Cfa, <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a> Cf),<a href="#cite_note-Petersen2016-111">[107]</a> with hot, humid summers and generally cool winters typical of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper South">Upper South</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nash.brit.clim-112">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-Pidwirny2006-113">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-usatoday2011-114">[110]</a> Snowfall occurs during the winter months, but it is usually not heavy. Average annual snowfall is about 4.7 inches (12 cm), falling mostly in January and February and occasionally in March, November and December.<a href="#cite_note-NOAA-115">[111]</a> The largest snow event since 2003 was on January 22, 2016, when Nashville received 8 inches (20 cm) of snow in a single storm; the largest overall was 17 inches (43 cm), received on March 17, 1892, during the <a href="/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Day_Snowstorm" title="St. Patrick's Day Snowstorm">St. Patrick's Day Snowstorm</a>.<a href="#cite_note-noaa-nash-snowst-116">[112]</a> Rainfall is typically greater in solar spring (Feb-Apr) and summer (May-Jul), while the solar autumn months (Aug-Oct) are the driest on average. Spring and fall are prone to <a href="/wiki/Severe_thunderstorm" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe thunderstorm">severe thunderstorms</a>, which may bring <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornadoes</a>, large <a href="/wiki/Hail" title="Hail">hail</a>, flash floods and damaging wind, with recent major events on <a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_April_15%E2%80%9316,_1998" title="Tornado outbreak of April 15–16, 1998">April 16, 1998</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_April_6%E2%80%938,_2006" title="Tornado outbreak of April 6–8, 2006">April 7, 2006</a>; <a href="/wiki/2008_Super_Tuesday_tornado_outbreak" title="2008 Super Tuesday tornado outbreak">February 5, 2008</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_April_9%E2%80%9311,_2009" title="Tornado outbreak of April 9–11, 2009">April 10, 2009</a>; <a href="/wiki/2010_Tennessee_floods" title="2010 Tennessee floods">May 1–2, 2010</a>; and <a href="/wiki/March_2020_Tennessee_tornado_outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="March 2020 Tennessee tornado outbreak">March 3, 2020</a>. Relative humidity in Nashville averages 83% in the mornings and 60% in the afternoons,<a href="#cite_note-117">[113]</a> which is considered moderate for the Southeastern United States.<a href="#cite_note-118">[114]</a> In recent decades, due to urban development, Nashville has developed an <a href="/wiki/Urban_heat_island" title="Urban heat island">urban heat island</a>; especially on cool, clear nights, temperatures are up to 10 °F (5.6 °C) warmer in the heart of the city than in rural outlying areas. The Nashville region lies within USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 7a.<a href="#cite_note-119">[115]</a> From 1970 to 2020 the average summer temperature has risen 2.8 degrees F (1.5 C).<a href="#cite_note-120">[116]</a> Nashville's long springs and autumns combined with a diverse array of trees and grasses can often make it uncomfortable for <a href="/wiki/Allergy" title="Allergy">allergy</a> sufferers.<a href="#cite_note-121">[117]</a> In 2008, Nashville was ranked as the 26th-worst spring allergy city in the U.S. by the <a href="/wiki/Asthma_and_Allergy_Foundation_of_America" title="Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America">Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America</a>.<a href="#cite_note-allergy08-122">[118]</a> The coldest temperature ever officially recorded in Nashville was −17 °F (−27 °C) on <a href="/wiki/Winter_1985_cold_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Winter 1985 cold wave">January 21, 1985</a>, and the hottest was 109 °F (43 °C) on <a href="/wiki/2012_North_American_heat_wave" title="2012 North American heat wave">June 29, 2012</a>.<a href="#cite_note-records-123">[119]</a> Nashville allegedly had a low of −18 °F (−28 °C) on January 26, 1832, but this was decades before record-keeping began and isn't counted as the official record low.<a href="#cite_note-124">[120]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Threshold </th> <th>Number of days </th></tr> <tr> <td>High > 80 </td> <td>139.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>High > 90 </td> <td>48.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Low < 32 </td> <td>71.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>High < 32 </td> <td>7.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Low < 10 </td> <td>3.0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Donelson">Donelson</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Donelson">edit</a>]</div> The mean annual temperature at Nashville International Airport is 60.8 °F (16.0 °C). Monthly averages range from 39.6 °F (4.2 °C) in January to 80.7 °F (27.1 °C) in July, with a <a href="/wiki/Diurnal_temperature_variation" title="Diurnal temperature variation">diurnal temperature variation</a> of 18.9 to 23.7 °F (10.5 to 13.2 °C). Diurnal temperature variation is highest in April and lowest in December, but it is also relatively high in October and relatively low in January. Donelson's climate classifications are <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> Cfa and <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a> Cfak thanks to its hot summers (average over 71.6 °F (22.0 °C)), cool winters (average over 32.0 °F (0.0 °C)) and long (8+ months) growing seasons (average over 50.0 °F (10.0 °C)). Precipitation is abundant year-round without any major difference, but there is still slight variation. The wet season runs from February through July, reaching its zenith in May with 128 mm of rain. The dry season runs from August through January with an October nadir of 85 mm and secondary December peak of 113 mm. <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nashville,_Tennessee_weatherbox" title="Template:Nashville, Tennessee weatherbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nashville,_Tennessee_weatherbox" title="Template talk:Nashville, Tennessee weatherbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nashville,_Tennessee_weatherbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nashville, Tennessee weatherbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini">Climate data for Nashville (<a href="/wiki/Nashville_International_Airport" title="Nashville International Airport">Nashville Int'l</a>), 1991–2020 normals,<a href="#cite_note-125">[e]</a> extremes 1873−present<a href="#cite_note-126">[f]</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78 (26) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85 (29) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89 (32) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91 (33) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96 (36) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">109 (43) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">107 (42) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">106 (41) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">105 (41) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99 (37) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88 (31) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79 (26) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">109 (43) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.5 (20.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.3 (22.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.1 (26.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.3 (29.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.9 (32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.7 (34.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97.1 (36.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.7 (35.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.4 (34.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.4 (30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.1 (25.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.6 (20.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">98.5 (36.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.1 (9.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.8 (12.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.7 (17.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.6 (22.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.4 (26.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.7 (30.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.9 (32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.4 (32.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.4 (29.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.5 (23.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.4 (16.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.2 (11.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">71.6 (22.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.6 (4.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.4 (6.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.5 (10.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.8 (16.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.3 (20.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.1 (25.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.7 (27.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.7 (26.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.1 (22.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.7 (16.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.3 (10.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.7 (5.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">60.8 (16.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1 (−1.1) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0 (0.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.2 (4.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.9 (9.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.3 (14.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.4 (19.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.5 (21.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.0 (20.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.8 (16.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.9 (9.9) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.2 (4.0) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3 (0.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">50.1 (10.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 (−11.6) </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4 (−9.2) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7 (−5.2) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7 (0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.1 (6.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.2 (12.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.4 (16.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.2 (15.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.3 (8.5) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3 (0.7) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5 (−4.7) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4 (−8.1) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.0 (−12.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−17 (−27) </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−13 (−25) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 (−17) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23 (−5) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34 (1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42 (6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51 (11) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 (8) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36 (2) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26 (−3) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1 (−18) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10 (−23) </td> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−17 (−27) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.02 (102) </td> <td style="background: #44FF44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.47 (114) </td> <td style="background: #53FF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.52 (115) </td> <td style="background: #46FF46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.72 (120) </td> <td style="background: #40FF40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.02 (128) </td> <td style="background: #54FF54; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.36 (111) </td> <td style="background: #61FF61; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.16 (106) </td> <td style="background: #6FFF6F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.79 (96) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.80 (97) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.36 (85) </td> <td style="background: #68FF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.86 (98) </td> <td style="background: #56FF56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.43 (113) </td> <td style="background: #5CFF5C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">50.51 (1,283) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 (5.1) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 (3.8) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 (1.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.25) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 (1.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4.7 (12) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) </th> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">123.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000F0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000F7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.5 </td> <td style="background: #0707FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64.6 </td> <td style="background: #0D0DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000F0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000E7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000E4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000F1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.4 (−3.1) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5 (−1.4) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.9 (2.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.1 (7.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.9 (13.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.9 (17.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.0 (20.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.9 (19.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.2 (16.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.4 (9.1) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.4 (4.1) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3 (−0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.7 (8.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #BFBF2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">139.6 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">145.2 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">191.3 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">231.5 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">261.8 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">277.7 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">279.0 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">262.1 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226.4 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">216.8 </td> <td style="background: #C5C505; color:#000000;" class="notheme">148.1 </td> <td style="background: #BBBB42; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130.6 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,510.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #F6F61E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF57; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF6C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF63; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #F3F316; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">56 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point, and sun 1961−1990)<a href="#cite_note-NOAA1-127">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_txt1-128">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-noaasun1-129">[123]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV index)<a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-130">[124]</a>WMO<a href="#cite_note-131">[125]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Old_Hickory">Old Hickory</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Old Hickory">edit</a>]</div> The mean annual temperature at Old Hickory Dam is 58.5 °F (14.7 °C). Monthly averages range from 37.1 °F (2.8 °C) in January to 78.6 °F (25.9 °C) in August, with a <a href="/wiki/Diurnal_temperature_variation" title="Diurnal temperature variation">diurnal temperature variation</a> of 19.8 to 26.3 °F (11.0 to 14.6 °C). Diurnal temperature variation is highest in April and lowest in January. Old Hickory's climate classifications are <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> Cfa and <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a> Doak thanks to its hot summers (average over 71.6 °F (22.0 °C)), cool winters (average over 32.0 °F (0.0 °C)) and mediocre (4–7 months) growing seasons (average over 50.0 °F (10.0 °C)). Precipitation is abundant year-round without any major difference, but there is still slight variation. The wet season runs from February through July, reaching its zenith in April with 120 mm of rain. The dry season runs from August through January with an October/November nadir of 85 mm and secondary December peak of 113 mm. Data for record temperatures is spotty before June 2007 with another brief gap in data in January 2024, but temperatures in Old Hickory have been known to range from −10 °F (−23.3 °C) in January 1966 to 106 °F (41.1 °C) in June and July 2012. <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Old Hickory Dam, TN (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1965–present)<a href="#cite_note-132">[126]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76 (24) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82 (28) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86 (30) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91 (33) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94 (34) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">106 (41) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">106 (41) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">105 (41) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">101 (38) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87 (31) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76 (24) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">106 (41) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67 (19) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72 (22) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79 (26) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86 (30) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91 (33) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">97 (36) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95 (35) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88 (31) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77 (25) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 (21) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">99 (37) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.0 (8.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.4 (10.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.5 (15.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.3 (21.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.9 (26.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.1 (30.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.9 (32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.2 (32.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.4 (28.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.1 (22.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.1 (15.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.2 (10.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">70.1 (21.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.1 (2.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.7 (4.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.6 (9.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.2 (14.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.9 (19.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.1 (23.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.5 (25.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.6 (25.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.6 (22.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.7 (15.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.9 (8.8) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.5 (4.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">58.5 (14.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2 (−2.7) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0 (−1.1) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8 (2.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.0 (7.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.9 (12.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.1 (17.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.0 (19.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.0 (19.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.8 (15.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.2 (8.4) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7 (2.1) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8 (−1.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.0 (8.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 (−12) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13 (−11) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21 (−6) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 (−1) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40 (4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54 (12) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59 (15) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 (14) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48 (9) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 (1) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22 (−6) </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17 (−8) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9 (−13) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10 (−23) </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (−18) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 (−13) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21 (−6) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34 (1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 (8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52 (11) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54 (12) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36 (2) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26 (−3) </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14 (−10) </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3 (−19) </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−10 (−23) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.73 (95) </td> <td style="background: #4EFF4E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.26 (108) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.64 (118) </td> <td style="background: #46FF46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.74 (120) </td> <td style="background: #52FF52; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.55 (116) </td> <td style="background: #6BFF6B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.76 (96) </td> <td style="background: #65FF65; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.05 (103) </td> <td style="background: #7EFF7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.38 (86) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.70 (94) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.33 (85) </td> <td style="background: #7CFF7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.35 (85) </td> <td style="background: #56FF56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.44 (113) </td> <td style="background: #65FF65; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.93 (1,217) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 (1.5) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 (0.76) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 (0.51) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.25) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.2 (3.0) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=ohx">https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=ohx</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of people from Nashville, Tennessee">List of people from Nashville, Tennessee</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style>Note</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810</a></th><td>1,100</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820</a></th><td>3,410</td><td></td><td>210.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td>5,566</td><td></td><td>63.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td>6,929</td><td></td><td>24.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td>10,165</td><td></td><td>46.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td>16,988</td><td></td><td>67.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td>25,865</td><td></td><td>52.3%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td>43,350</td><td></td><td>67.6%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td>76,168</td><td></td><td>75.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td>80,865</td><td></td><td>6.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td>110,364</td><td></td><td>36.5%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td>118,342</td><td></td><td>7.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>153,866</td><td></td><td>30.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>167,402</td><td></td><td>8.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>174,307</td><td></td><td>4.1%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>170,874</td><td></td><td>−2.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>448,003</td><td></td><td>162.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>455,651</td><td></td><td>1.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>488,374</td><td></td><td>7.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>545,524</td><td></td><td>11.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>601,222</td><td></td><td>10.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>689,447</td><td></td><td>14.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2023 (est.)</th><td class="us-census-pop-estimate">687,788</td><td></td><td>−0.2%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">Sources:<a href="#cite_note-133">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-QuickFacts-8">[6]</a> Notes:<a href="#cite_note-136">[g]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Historical racial composition</th> <th>2020<a href="#cite_note-2020CensusP2-137">[130]</a></th> <th>2010<a href="#cite_note-2010quickfacts-138">[131]</a></th> <th>1990<a href="#cite_note-census1-139">[132]</a></th> <th>1980<a href="#cite_note-census1-139">[132]</a></th> <th>1970<a href="#cite_note-census1-139">[132]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/White_American" class="mw-redirect" title="White American">White (Non-Hispanic)</a></td> <td>53.3%</td> <td>56.3%</td> <td>73.2%</td> <td>75.2%</td> <td>79.5%<a href="#cite_note-fifteen-140">[h]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black or African American</a> (Non-Hispanic)</td> <td>24.3%</td> <td>28.2%</td> <td>24.3%</td> <td>23.3%</td> <td>19.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a></td> <td>14.0%</td> <td>10.0%</td> <td>0.9%</td> <td>0.8%</td> <td>0.6%<a href="#cite_note-fifteen-140">[h]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a></td> <td>3.9%</td> <td>3.1%</td> <td>1.4%</td> <td>0.5%</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial American">Mixed</a></td> <td>3.8%</td> <td>1.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">American Indian and Alaska Native</a></td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.8%</td> <td>0.2%</td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islands Americans">Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander</a></td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>0.0%</td> <td>0.1%</td> <td>N/A</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other Race</td> <td>0.5% </td></tr></tbody></table> As of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a>, there were 689,447 people, 279,545 households, and 146,241 families residing in the city. The population increase of 88,225, or 14.67% over the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a> figure of 601,222 residents, represented the largest net population increase in the city's history.<a href="#cite_note-141">[i]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> was 1,367.87 inhabitants per square mile (528.14/km2). In 2010, there were 254,651 households and 141,469 families (55.6% of households). Of households with families, 37.2% had married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present. 27.9% of all households had children under the age of 18, and 18.8% had at least one member 65 years of age or older. Of the 44.4% of households that are non-families, 36.2% were individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.16.<a href="#cite_note-142">[133]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson,_TN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson%2C_TN.png/220px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson%2C_TN.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson%2C_TN.png/330px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson%2C_TN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson%2C_TN.png/440px-Ethnic_Origins_in_Nashville-Davidson%2C_TN.png 2x" data-file-width="7000" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic origins in Nashville</figcaption></figure> The age distribution was 22.2% under 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 32.8% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 or older. The median age was 34.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males.<a href="#cite_note-143">[134]</a> The median income for a household in the city was $46,141, and the median income for a family was $56,377. Males with a year-round, full-time job had a median income of $41,017 versus $36,292 for females. The per capita income for the city was $27,372. About 13.9% of families and 18.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.5% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.<a href="#cite_note-144">[135]</a> Of residents 25 or older, 33.4% have a bachelor's degree or higher.<a href="#cite_note-consolidated-145">[136]</a> Because of its relatively low cost of living and large job market, Nashville has become a popular city for <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Immigration to the United States">immigrants</a>.<a href="#cite_note-refugees-146">[137]</a> Nashville's foreign-born population more than tripled in size between 1990 and 2000, increasing from 12,662 to 39,596. The city's largest immigrant groups include <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Americans" title="Mexican Americans">Mexicans</a>,<a href="#cite_note-147">[138]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Americans" title="Kurdish Americans">Kurds</a>,<a href="#cite_note-kurdish1-148">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Americans" title="Vietnamese Americans">Vietnamese</a>,<a href="#cite_note-149">[140]</a> <a href="/wiki/Laotian_Americans" title="Laotian Americans">Laotians</a>,<a href="#cite_note-150">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arab_Americans" title="Arab Americans">Arabs</a>,<a href="#cite_note-aljazeera-151">[142]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Somalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Somalis">Somalis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-aljazeera-151">[142]</a> There are also smaller communities of <a href="/wiki/Pashtuns" title="Pashtuns">Pashtuns</a> from <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> and Pakistan concentrated primarily in <a href="/wiki/Antioch,_Tennessee" title="Antioch, Tennessee">Antioch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[143]</a> Nashville has the <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_population_of_Nashville" title="Kurdish population of Nashville">largest Kurdish community in the United States</a>, numbering approximately 15,000.<a href="#cite_note-tennessean062317-153">[144]</a> In 2009, about 60,000 <a href="/wiki/Bhutanese_refugees" title="Bhutanese refugees">Bhutanese refugees</a> were being admitted to the U.S., and some were expected to resettle in Nashville.<a href="#cite_note-154">[145]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_parliamentary_election,_January_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqi parliamentary election, January 2005">Iraqi election of 2005</a>, Nashville was one of the few international locations where <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Americans" title="Iraqi Americans">Iraqi</a> expatriates could vote.<a href="#cite_note-kurdish2-155">[146]</a> The <a href="/wiki/American_Jews" title="American Jews">American Jewish</a> community in Nashville dates back over 150 years, and numbered about 8,000 in 2015, plus 2,000 Jewish college students.<a href="#cite_note-156">[147]</a> In 1779, approximately 20 percent of the settlers in Fort Nashborough were enslaved and free individuals of African descent. From this period until the Civil War, a burgeoning African American community in Nashville, under the guidance of a select few black leaders, diligently laid the groundwork for a prosperous society. They established educational institutions, places of worship, and enterprises, all contributing to the development and progress of the city.<a href="#cite_note-157">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metropolitan_area">Metropolitan area</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Metropolitan area">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nashville_metropolitan_area" title="Nashville metropolitan area">Nashville metropolitan area</a></div> As of 2020<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit">[update]</a>, Nashville has the largest <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> in the state of Tennessee, with a population of 2,014,444.<a href="#cite_note-nash-metroarea-158">[149]</a> The Nashville metropolitan area encompasses 13 of 41 <a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee" title="Middle Tennessee">Middle Tennessee</a> counties: <a href="/wiki/Cannon_County,_Tennessee" title="Cannon County, Tennessee">Cannon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheatham_County,_Tennessee" title="Cheatham County, Tennessee">Cheatham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dickson_County,_Tennessee" title="Dickson County, Tennessee">Dickson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macon_County,_Tennessee" title="Macon County, Tennessee">Macon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maury_County,_Tennessee" title="Maury County, Tennessee">Maury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robertson_County,_Tennessee" title="Robertson County, Tennessee">Robertson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_County,_Tennessee" title="Rutherford County, Tennessee">Rutherford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smith_County,_Tennessee" title="Smith County, Tennessee">Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumner_County,_Tennessee" title="Sumner County, Tennessee">Sumner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trousdale_County,_Tennessee" title="Trousdale County, Tennessee">Trousdale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Williamson_County,_Tennessee" title="Williamson County, Tennessee">Williamson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wilson_County,_Tennessee" title="Wilson County, Tennessee">Wilson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[150]</a> The 2020 population of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Columbia <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">combined statistical area</a> was 2,118,233.<a href="#cite_note-nash-csa-160">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> 59.6% of people in Nashville claim religious affiliation according to information compiled by <a href="/wiki/Sperling%27s_BestPlaces" class="mw-redirect" title="Sperling's BestPlaces">Sperling's BestPlaces</a>. The dominant religion in Nashville is <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, accounting for 57.7% of the population. The Christian population is broken down into 20.6% <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>, 6.2% <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholics</a>, 5.6% <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodists</a>, 3.4% <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostals</a>, 3.4% <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterians</a>, 0.8% <a href="/wiki/Mormons" title="Mormons">Mormons</a>, and 0.5% <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a>. 15.7% identify with other forms of Christianity, including the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Church_(Disciples_of_Christ)" title="Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)">Disciples of Christ</a>. <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> is the second largest religion, with 0.8% of the population. 0.6% of the population adhere to <a href="/wiki/Eastern_religions" title="Eastern religions">eastern religions</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, and 0.3% follow <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-best-religion-161">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of companies based in Nashville, Tennessee">List of companies based in Nashville, Tennessee</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg/300px-AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg/449px-AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg/599px-AT%26T_Building-_June_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="3749" /></a><figcaption>AT&T Building, the tallest building in Tennessee</figcaption></figure> In the 21st century's second decade, Nashville was described as a "southern boomtown" by numerous publications.<a href="#cite_note-162">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[154]</a> In 2017, it had the third-fastest-growing metropolitan economy in the United States<a href="#cite_note-164">[155]</a> and "adds an average of 100 people a day to its net population increase".<a href="#cite_note-165">[156]</a> The Nashville region was also said to be the "Number One" Metro Area for Professional and Business Service Jobs in America;<a href="#cite_note-166">[157]</a> <a href="/wiki/Zillow" title="Zillow">Zillow</a> said it had the "hottest Housing market in America".<a href="#cite_note-167">[158]</a> In 2013, the city ranked No. 5 on <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>' list of the Best Places for Business and Careers.<a href="#cite_note-168">[159]</a> In 2015, Forbes put Nashville as the fourth Best City for White Collar Jobs.<a href="#cite_note-169">[160]</a> In 2015, Business Facilities' 11th Annual Rankings report named Nashville the number one city for Economic Growth Potential.<a href="#cite_note-170">[161]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies with offices within Nashville include <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_New_York_Mellon" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of New York Mellon">BNY Mellon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone" title="Bridgestone">Bridgestone</a> Americas, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young" title="Ernst & Young">Ernst & Young</a>, <a href="/wiki/Community_Health_Systems" title="Community Health Systems">Community Health Systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dell" title="Dell">Dell</a>,<a href="#cite_note-171">[162]</a> <a href="/wiki/Deloitte" title="Deloitte">Deloitte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dollar_General" title="Dollar General">Dollar General</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Corporation_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital Corporation of America">Hospital Corporation of America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> North America, <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a>,<a href="#cite_note-172">[163]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tractor_Supply_Company" title="Tractor Supply Company">Tractor Supply Company</a>, and <a href="/wiki/UBS" title="UBS">UBS</a>. Of these, Community Health Systems, Dollar General, <a href="/wiki/SmileDirectClub" title="SmileDirectClub">SmileDirectClub</a>, Hospital Corporation of America, and Tractor Supply Company are headquartered in the city. Many popular food companies are based in Nashville including <a href="/wiki/Captain_D%27s" title="Captain D's">Captain D's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hunt_Brothers_Pizza" title="Hunt Brothers Pizza">Hunt Brothers Pizza</a>, <a href="/wiki/O%27Charley%27s" title="O'Charley's">O'Charley's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logan%27s_Roadhouse" title="Logan's Roadhouse">Logan's Roadhouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._Alexander%27s" title="J. Alexander's">J. Alexander's</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stoney_River_Legendary_Steaks" title="Stoney River Legendary Steaks">Stoney River Legendary Steaks</a>. As the "home of country music", Nashville has become a major music recording and production center. The <a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">Big Three record labels</a>, as well as numerous independent labels, have offices in Nashville, mostly in the <a href="/wiki/Music_Row" title="Music Row">Music Row</a> area.<a href="#cite_note-173">[164]</a> Nashville has been the headquarters of guitar company <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Guitar_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibson Guitar Corporation">Gibson</a> since 1984. Since the 1960s, Nashville has been the second-largest music production center (after New York City) in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-174">[165]</a> Nashville's music industry is estimated to have a total economic impact of about $10 billion per year and to contribute about 56,000 jobs to the Nashville area.<a href="#cite_note-175">[166]</a> The area's largest industry is health care. Nashville is home to more than 300 health care companies, including <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Corporation_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital Corporation of America">Hospital Corporation of America</a> (HCA), the world's largest private operator of hospitals.<a href="#cite_note-176">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[168]</a> As of 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit">[update]</a>, it was estimated the health care industry contributes US$30 billion per year and 200,000 jobs to the Nashville-area economy.<a href="#cite_note-178">[169]</a> <a href="/wiki/CoreCivic" title="CoreCivic">CoreCivic</a>, formerly known as Corrections Corporation of America and one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Private_prison" title="Private prison">private corrections</a> company in the United States, was founded in Nashville in 1983, but moved out of the city in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-jailbusinessquade-179">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-ccarebrandsascorecivic-180">[171]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> was one of its investors before the company's <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a>.<a href="#cite_note-donnaselmanbigbusiness-181">[172]</a> The City of Nashville's pension fund included "a $921,000 stake" in the company in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-nashvillescenedivestingnotnashville-182">[173]</a> The Nashville Scene notes that, "A drop in CoreCivic stock value, however minor, would have a direct impact on the pension fund that represents nearly 25,000 current and former Metro employees."<a href="#cite_note-nashvillescenedivestingnotnashville-182">[173]</a> The automotive industry is also becoming important for the Middle Tennessee region. <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan North America</a> moved its corporate headquarters in 2006 from <a href="/wiki/Gardena,_California" title="Gardena, California">Gardena, California</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County,_California" title="Los Angeles County, California">Los Angeles County</a>) to <a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Tennessee" title="Franklin, Tennessee">Franklin</a>, a suburb south of Nashville. Nissan's largest North American manufacturing plant is in <a href="/wiki/Smyrna,_Tennessee" title="Smyrna, Tennessee">Smyrna</a>, another suburb of Nashville. Largely as a result of the increased development of Nissan and other Japanese economic interests in the region, Japan moved its former <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> <a href="/wiki/Consulate-general" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulate-general">consulate-general</a> to Nashville's <a href="/wiki/Palmer_Plaza" title="Palmer Plaza">Palmer Plaza</a>. <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> operates an <a href="/wiki/Spring_Hill_Manufacturing" title="Spring Hill Manufacturing">assembly plant</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spring_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Spring Hill, Tennessee">Spring Hill</a>, about 35 miles (56 km) south of Nashville.<a href="#cite_note-183">[174]</a> Automotive parts manufacturer Bridgestone has its their North American headquarters in Nashville and manufacturing plants and a distribution center in nearby counties.<a href="#cite_note-bridgestoneamericas-26">[22]</a> Other major industries in Nashville include insurance, finance, and publishing (especially religious publishing).<a href="#cite_note-latimes86-20">[16]</a> The city hosts headquarters operations for several Protestant denominations, including the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_USA,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.">National Baptist Convention USA</a>, and the National Association of <a href="/wiki/Free_Will_Baptist" title="Free Will Baptist">Free Will Baptists</a>. Nashville is known for Southern confections, including <a href="/wiki/Goo_Goo_Cluster" title="Goo Goo Cluster">Goo Goo Clusters</a>, which have been made in Nashville since 1912.<a href="#cite_note-184">[175]</a> In May 2018, <a href="/wiki/AllianceBernstein" title="AllianceBernstein">AllianceBernstein</a> pledged to build a private client office in the city by mid-2019 and to move its headquarters from <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> to Nashville by 2024.<a href="#cite_note-185">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[177]</a> The technology sector is an important and growing aspect of Nashville's economy.<a href="#cite_note-wsmv040621-23">[19]</a> In November 2018, <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> announced its plans to build an operations center in the Nashville Yards development to serve as the hub for their Retail Operations division.<a href="#cite_note-187">[178]</a> In April 2021, <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Corporation" title="Oracle Corporation">Oracle Corporation</a> announced that it would construct a $1.2 billion campus in Nashville, which is expected to employ 8,500 by 2031.<a href="#cite_note-188">[179]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[180]</a> In December 2019, <a href="/wiki/IHeartMedia" title="IHeartMedia">iHeartMedia</a> selected Nashville as the site of its second digital headquarters.<a href="#cite_note-190">[181]</a> Real estate is becoming a driver for the city's economy. Based on a survey of nearly 1,500 real estate industry professionals conducted by <a href="/wiki/PricewaterhouseCoopers" class="mw-redirect" title="PricewaterhouseCoopers">PricewaterhouseCoopers</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Land_Institute" title="Urban Land Institute">Urban Land Institute</a>, Nashville ranked seventh nationally in terms of attractiveness to real estate investors for 2016.<a href="#cite_note-191">[182]</a> As of October 2015<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit">[update]</a>, according to city figures, there is more than $2 billion in real estate projects underway or projected to start in 2016. Due to high yields available to investors, Nashville has been attracting a lot of capital from out-of-state. A key factor that has been attributed to the increase in investment is the adjustment to the city's zoning code. Developers can easily include a combination of residential, office, retail and entertainment space into their projects. Additionally, the city has invested heavily into public parks. Centennial Park is undergoing extensive renovations. The change in the zoning code and the investment in public space is consistent with the millennial generation's preference for walkable urban neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-192">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top_employers">Top employers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Top employers">edit</a>]</div> According to the Nashville Business Journal, the top employers in the city are:<a href="#cite_note-193">[184]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th># </th> <th>Employer </th> <th>Employees </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University_Medical_Center" title="Vanderbilt University Medical Center">Vanderbilt University Medical Center</a> </td> <td>28,300 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">State of Tennessee</a> </td> <td>26,733 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">U.S. federal government</a> </td> <td>13,707 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/HCA_Healthcare" title="HCA Healthcare">HCA Healthcare</a> </td> <td>10,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Public_Schools" title="Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools">Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools</a> </td> <td>10,281 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> </td> <td>8,822 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Government_of_Nashville_and_Davidson_County,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tennessee">Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County</a> </td> <td>8,700 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Saint_Thomas" title="Ascension Saint Thomas">Ascension Saint Thomas</a> </td> <td>8,335 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kroger" title="Kroger">The Kroger Co.</a> </td> <td>7,813 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> </td> <td>5,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asurion" title="Asurion">Asurion</a> </td> <td>4,260 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bridgestone-Firestone" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridgestone-Firestone">Bridgestone Americas Inc.</a> </td> <td>4,110 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Half-chicken_(dark_meat)_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Half-chicken at Hattie B's with side of baked beans and mac & cheese" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Half-chicken_%28dark_meat%29_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg/220px-Half-chicken_%28dark_meat%29_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Half-chicken_%28dark_meat%29_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg/330px-Half-chicken_%28dark_meat%29_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Half-chicken_%28dark_meat%29_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg/440px-Half-chicken_%28dark_meat%29_at_Hattie_B%27s_with_side_of_baked_beans_and_mac_%26_cheese.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Half-chicken at Hattie B's with side of baked beans and mac and cheese</figcaption></figure> Much of the city's cultural life has revolved around its large university community. Particularly significant in this respect were two groups of critics and writers who were associated with <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> in the early 20th century: the <a href="/wiki/Fugitives_(poets)" title="Fugitives (poets)">Fugitives</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians" title="Southern Agrarians">Agrarians</a>. Popular destinations include <a href="/wiki/Fort_Nashborough" title="Fort Nashborough">Fort Nashborough</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Negley" title="Fort Negley">Fort Negley</a>, the former being a reconstruction of the original settlement, the latter being a semi-restored Civil War battle fort; the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Museum" title="Tennessee State Museum">Tennessee State Museum</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">The Parthenon</a>, a full-scale replica of the original <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a> in Athens. The <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Capitol" title="Tennessee State Capitol">Tennessee State Capitol</a> is one of the oldest working state capitol buildings in the nation.<a href="#cite_note-194">[185]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Hermitage_(Nashville,_Tennessee)" title="The Hermitage (Nashville, Tennessee)">The Hermitage</a>, the former home of President <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>, is one of the largest presidential homes open to the public, and is also one of the most visited.<a href="#cite_note-195">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dining">Dining</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Dining">edit</a>]</div> Some of the more popular types of local cuisine include <a href="/wiki/Hot_chicken" title="Hot chicken">hot chicken</a>, hot fish, <a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">barbecue</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Meat_and_three" title="Meat and three">meat and three</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entertainment_and_performing_arts">Entertainment and performing arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Entertainment and performing arts">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rymanauditorium1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Rymanauditorium1.jpg/220px-Rymanauditorium1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Rymanauditorium1.jpg/330px-Rymanauditorium1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Rymanauditorium1.jpg/440px-Rymanauditorium1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1426" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ryman_Auditorium" title="Ryman Auditorium">Ryman Auditorium</a>, the "Mother Church of Country Music"</figcaption></figure> Nashville has a vibrant music and entertainment scene spanning a variety of genres. With a long history in the music scene, it is no surprise that city was nicknamed "Music City". The <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Tennessee Performing Arts Center">Tennessee Performing Arts Center</a> is the major performing arts center of the city. It is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Repertory_Theatre" title="Nashville Repertory Theatre">Nashville Repertory Theatre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Ballet" title="Nashville Ballet">Nashville Ballet</a>. In September 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Schermerhorn_Symphony_Center" title="Schermerhorn Symphony Center">Schermerhorn Symphony Center</a> opened as the home of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Symphony" title="Nashville Symphony">Nashville Symphony</a>. As the city's name itself is a <a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">metonym</a> for the country music industry, many popular attractions involve <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country music</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum">Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belcourt_Theatre" title="Belcourt Theatre">Belcourt Theatre</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ryman_Auditorium" title="Ryman Auditorium">Ryman Auditorium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-197">[188]</a> Hence, the city became known as America's "Country Music Capital".<a href="#cite_note-198">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[191]</a> The Ryman was home to the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Ole_Opry" title="Grand Ole Opry">Grand Ole Opry</a> until 1974 when the show moved to the Grand Ole Opry House, 9 miles (14 km) east of downtown. The Opry plays there several times a week, except for an annual winter run at the Ryman. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RCAStudioB_Console.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/RCAStudioB_Console.jpg/220px-RCAStudioB_Console.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/RCAStudioB_Console.jpg/330px-RCAStudioB_Console.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/RCAStudioB_Console.jpg/440px-RCAStudioB_Console.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bill_Porter_(sound_engineer)" title="Bill Porter (sound engineer)">Bill Porter</a>'s audio console at <a href="/wiki/RCA_Studio_B" title="RCA Studio B">RCA Studio B</a> in Nashville. Studio B was the birthplace of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_sound" title="Nashville sound">Nashville sound</a>.</figcaption></figure> Many music clubs and <a href="/wiki/Honky-tonk" title="Honky-tonk">honky-tonk</a> bars are in downtown Nashville,<a href="#cite_note-cain20180613-201">[192]</a> particularly the area encompassing <a href="/wiki/Lower_Broadway" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Broadway">Lower Broadway</a>, Second Avenue, and <a href="/wiki/Printer%27s_Alley" title="Printer's Alley">Printer's Alley</a>, which is often referred to as "the District".<a href="#cite_note-Romine2006–117-202">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[194]</a> Each June, the <a href="/wiki/CMA_Music_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="CMA Music Festival">CMA Music Festival</a> (formerly known as Fan Fair) brings thousands of country fans to the city. The <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Fair" title="Tennessee State Fair">Tennessee State Fair</a> is also held annually in September. Nashville was once home of television shows such as <a href="/wiki/Hee_Haw" title="Hee Haw">Hee Haw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pop!_Goes_the_Country" title="Pop! Goes the Country">Pop! Goes the Country</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/The_Nashville_Network" title="The Nashville Network">The Nashville Network</a> and later, <a href="/wiki/RFD-TV" title="RFD-TV">RFD-TV</a>. <a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Country Music Television">Country Music Television</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Great American Country">Great American Country</a> currently operate from Nashville. The city was also home to the <a href="/wiki/Opryland_USA" title="Opryland USA">Opryland USA theme park</a>, which operated from 1972 to 1997 before being closed by its owners (<a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Entertainment_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaylord Entertainment Company">Gaylord Entertainment Company</a>) and soon after demolished to make room for the <a href="/wiki/Opry_Mills" title="Opry Mills">Opry Mills</a> mega-shopping mall. The <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Christian_music" title="Contemporary Christian music">Contemporary Christian music</a> industry is based along Nashville's <a href="/wiki/Music_Row" title="Music Row">Music Row</a>, with a great influence in neighboring <a href="/wiki/Williamson_County,_Tennessee" title="Williamson County, Tennessee">Williamson County</a>. The Christian record companies include <a href="/wiki/EMI_Christian_Music_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="EMI Christian Music Group">EMI Christian Music Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provident_Label_Group" title="Provident Label Group">Provident Label Group</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Word_Records" title="Word Records">Word Records</a>. Music Row houses many <a href="/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music">gospel music</a> and Contemporary Christian music companies centered around 16th and 17th Avenues South. On River Road, off Charlotte Pike in West Nashville, the CabaRay opened its doors on January 18, 2018. The performing venue of <a href="/wiki/Ray_Stevens" title="Ray Stevens">Ray Stevens</a>, it offers a <a href="/wiki/Vegas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegas">Vegas</a>-style dinner and a show atmosphere. There is also a <a href="/wiki/Piano_bar" title="Piano bar">piano bar</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Gift_shop" title="Gift shop">gift shop</a>.<a href="#cite_note-204">[195]</a> Although Nashville was never known as a major <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> town, it did have many great jazz bands, including The Nashville Jazz Machine led by Dave Converse and its current version, the Nashville Jazz Orchestra, led by Jim Williamson, as well as The Establishment, led by Billy Adair. The Francis Craig Orchestra entertained Nashvillians from 1929 to 1945 from the Oak Bar and Grille Room in the <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Hotel" title="Hermitage Hotel">Hermitage Hotel</a>. Craig's orchestra was also the first to broadcast over local radio station WSM-AM and enjoyed phenomenal success with a 12-year show on the <a href="/wiki/NBC_Red_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="NBC Red Network">NBC Radio</a> Network. In the late 1930s, he introduced a newcomer, <a href="/wiki/Dinah_Shore" title="Dinah Shore">Dinah Shore</a>, a local graduate of Hume Fogg High School and Vanderbilt University.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]<a href="#cite_note-205">[196]</a> Radio station <a href="/wiki/WMOT" title="WMOT">WMOT-FM</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Tennessee" title="Murfreesboro, Tennessee">Murfreesboro</a>, which formerly programmed jazz, aided significantly in the recent revival of the city's jazz scene, as has the non-profit Nashville Jazz Workshop, which holds concerts and classes in a renovated building in the north Nashville neighborhood of Germantown. <a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a> also maintains a jazz station, <a href="/wiki/WFSK" class="mw-redirect" title="WFSK">WFSK</a>. Nashville has an active theatre scene and is home to several professional and community theatre companies. <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Children%27s_Theatre" title="Nashville Children's Theatre">Nashville Children's Theatre</a>, Nashville Repertory Theatre, the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Shakespeare_Festival" title="Nashville Shakespeare Festival">Nashville Shakespeare Festival</a>, the Dance Theatre of Tennessee and the Tennessee Women's Theater Project are among the most prominent professional companies. One community theatre, Circle Players, has been in operation for over 60 years. The <a href="/wiki/Barbershop_Harmony_Society" title="Barbershop Harmony Society">Barbershop Harmony Society</a> has its headquarters in Nashville. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> Perhaps the biggest factor in drawing visitors to Nashville is its association with country music, in which the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_sound" title="Nashville sound">Nashville sound</a> played a role.<a href="#cite_note-206">[197]</a> Many visitors to Nashville attend live performances of the Grand Ole Opry, the world's longest-running live radio show. The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum is another major attraction relating to the popularity of country music. The <a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Opryland_Resort_%26_Convention_Center" title="Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center">Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center</a>, the Opry Mills regional shopping mall and the <a href="/wiki/General_Jackson_(riverboat)" title="General Jackson (riverboat)">General Jackson</a> showboat, are all located in what is known as Music Valley. Civil War history is important to the city's tourism industry. Sites pertaining to the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nashville" title="Battle of Nashville">Battle of Nashville</a> and the nearby <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Franklin_(1864)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Franklin (1864)">Battle of Franklin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stones_River" title="Battle of Stones River">Battle of Stones River</a> can be seen, along with several well-preserved antebellum plantation houses such as <a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade_Plantation" title="Belle Meade Plantation">Belle Meade Plantation</a>, Carnton plantation in Franklin, and Belmont Mansion.<a href="#cite_note-Davidson2005-207">[198]</a> Nashville has many arts centers and museums, including the <a href="/wiki/Frist_Center_for_the_Visual_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Frist Center for the Visual Arts">Frist Center for the Visual Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cheekwood_Botanical_Garden_and_Museum_of_Art" title="Cheekwood Botanical Garden and Museum of Art">Cheekwood Botanical Garden and Museum of Art</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Museum" title="Tennessee State Museum">Tennessee State Museum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash_Museum" title="Johnny Cash Museum">Johnny Cash Museum</a>, Fisk University's Van Vechten and Aaron Douglas Galleries, Vanderbilt University's Fine Art Gallery and Sarratt Gallery, the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_African_American_Music" title="National Museum of African American Music">National Museum of African American Music</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">full-scale replica</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>. A sculpture of Athena Parthenos inside the Parthenon is the tallest indoor sculpture in the Western World – standing 42 feet high.<a href="#cite_note-208">[199]</a> Nashville has become an increasingly popular destination for <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_party" title="Bachelor party">bachelor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bachelorette_party" title="Bachelorette party">bachelorette parties</a>.<a href="#cite_note-buzzfeed20180329-209">[200]</a> In 2017, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Scene" title="Nashville Scene">Nashville Scene</a> counted 33 bachelorette parties on Lower Broadway ("from Fifth Avenue down to the Cumberland River, it's their town") in less than two hours on a Friday night, and stated that the actual number was likely higher. Downtown, the newspaper wrote, "offers five blocks of bars with live music and no cover".<a href="#cite_note-hale20170803-210">[201]</a> In 2018, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> called Nashville "the hottest destination for bachelorette parties in the country" because of the honky-tonk bars' live music.<a href="#cite_note-cain20180613-201">[192]</a> City boosters welcome the bachelorette parties because temporary visitors may become permanent; <a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed" title="BuzzFeed">BuzzFeed</a> wrote, "These women are at precisely the point in their lives when a move to Nashville is possible".<a href="#cite_note-buzzfeed20180329-209">[200]</a> The city in 2022 began regulating <a href="/wiki/Party_bus" title="Party bus">party buses</a> that provide <a href="/wiki/Transportainment" title="Transportainment">transportainment</a> in downtown, issuing dozens of permits and rejecting applications for dozens more.<a href="#cite_note-gainey20220630-211">[202]</a> The <a href="/wiki/CMT_(U.S._TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="CMT (U.S. TV channel)">CMT</a> reality television series Bachelorette Weekend follows the employees at Bach Weekend, a Nashville company that designs and throws bachelor and bachelorette parties.<a href="#cite_note-212">[203]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Major_annual_events">Major annual events</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Major annual events">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:LightSteelBlue; color:black;">Event </th> <th style="background:LightSteelBlue; color:black;">Month held and location </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Film_Festival" title="Nashville Film Festival">Nashville Film Festival</a> </td> <td>A weeklong festival in April that features hundreds of independent films. It is one of the largest film festivals in the Southern United States. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Fashion_Week" title="Nashville Fashion Week">Nashville Fashion Week</a> </td> <td>A citywide event typically held in March or April, this is a celebration of Nashville's fashion and retail community featuring local, regional and national design talent in fashion events and shows.<a href="#cite_note-213">[204]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_Nashville_Marathon" title="Rock 'n' Roll Nashville Marathon">Rock 'n' Roll Nashville Marathon</a> </td> <td>Marathon, half marathon, and 5k race held in April with runners from around the world. In 2012, participation surpassed 30,000 runners. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rites of Spring Music Festival </td> <td>A two-day music festival held every April at <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a> since 1986. Rites of Spring has welcomed a number of famous artists to the Vanderbilt campus, including <a href="/wiki/Wiz_Khalifa" title="Wiz Khalifa">Wiz Khalifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Young_the_Giant" title="Young the Giant">Young the Giant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drake_(musician)" title="Drake (musician)">Drake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Aoki" title="Steve Aoki">Steve Aoki</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-214">[205]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iroquois_Steeplechase" title="Iroquois Steeplechase">Iroquois Steeplechase</a> </td> <td>Annual <a href="/wiki/Steeplechase_(horse_racing)" title="Steeplechase (horse racing)">steeplechase</a> horse racing event held in May at <a href="/wiki/Percy_Warner_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Percy Warner Park">Percy Warner Park</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CMA_Music_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="CMA Music Festival">CMA Music Festival</a> </td> <td>A four-day event in June featuring performances by country music stars, autograph signings, artist/fan interaction, and other activities for country music fans. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Pride" title="Nashville Pride">Nashville Pride</a> </td> <td>A two-day event held in June that fosters awareness of and for the <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> community and culture in Middle Tennessee. The 2019 festival drew a record crowd of over 75,000 people, establishing it as the largest LGBT event in Tennessee.<a href="#cite_note-215">[206]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Let Freedom Sing! </td> <td>Held every <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Fourth of July</a> at Riverfront Park, featuring a street festival and live music, and culminating in one of the largest <a href="/wiki/Fireworks" title="Fireworks">fireworks</a> shows in the country.<a href="#cite_note-216">[207]</a> An estimated 280,000 people attended the 2014 celebration.<a href="#cite_note-217">[208]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tomato Art Festival </td> <td>Held each August in <a href="/wiki/East_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="East Nashville, Tennessee">East Nashville</a>, this event celebrates the Tomato as a Unifier.<a href="#cite_note-218">[209]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>African Street Festival </td> <td>Held in September on the campus of Tennessee State University. It is committed to connecting and celebrating the extensions of Africa to America.<a href="#cite_note-219">[210]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Live_on_the_Green_Music_Festival" title="Live on the Green Music Festival">Live on the Green Music Festival</a> </td> <td>A free concert series held in August and September at Public Square Park by local radio station <a href="/wiki/Lightning_100" class="mw-redirect" title="Lightning 100">Lightning 100</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Fair" title="Tennessee State Fair">Tennessee State Fair</a> </td> <td>The State Fair held in September at the State Fairgrounds, which lasts nine days and includes rides, exhibits, <a href="/wiki/Rodeo" title="Rodeo">rodeos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tractor_pulling" title="Tractor pulling">tractor pulls</a>, and numerous other shows and attractions. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Celebrate Nashville Cultural Festival </td> <td>A free event held the first Saturday in October at Centennial Park, it is Middle Tennessee's largest multicultural festival and includes music and dance performances, ethnic food court, children's area, teen area, and marketplace.<a href="#cite_note-220">[211]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Art Nashville International Art Fair </td> <td>An annual Art Fair in downtown Nashville. Includes galleries and dealers from around the world. Open to the public.<a href="#cite_note-221">[212]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nashville Oktoberfest </td> <td>A free event held in the historic Germantown neighborhood since 1980 celebrating the culture and customs of Germany.<a href="#cite_note-222">[213]</a> Oktoberfest is Nashville's oldest annual festival and is one of the largest in the South.<a href="#cite_note-223">[214]</a> In 2015, over 143,000 people attended the three-day event which raised $60,000 for Nashville non-profits.<a href="#cite_note-224">[215]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Southern Festival of Books </td> <td>A festival held in October, featuring readings, panels, and book signings.<a href="#cite_note-225">[216]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Association_Awards" title="Country Music Association Awards">Country Music Association Awards</a> </td> <td>Award ceremony normally held in November at the Bridgestone Arena and televised to a national audience. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Veterans Day Parade </td> <td>A parade running down Broadway on 11/11 at 11:11.11 am since 1951. Features include <a href="/wiki/101st_Airborne_Division" title="101st Airborne Division">101st Airborne Division</a> (Air Assault), <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessee National Guard">Tennessee National Guard</a>, veterans from wars past and present, military plane fly-overs, tanks, motorcycles, first responder vehicles, marching bands and thousands of spectators.<a href="#cite_note-226">[217]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nicknames">Nicknames</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Nicknames">edit</a>]</div> Nashville is a colorful, well-known city in several different arenas. As such, it has earned various sobriquets, including: <ul><li>Music City, U.S.A.: <a href="/wiki/WSM_(AM)" title="WSM (AM)">WSM-AM</a> announcer David Cobb first used this name during a 1950 broadcast and it stuck. It is now the official nickname used by the Nashville Convention and Visitors Bureau. Nashville is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Ole_Opry" title="Grand Ole Opry">Grand Ole Opry</a>, the Country Music Hall of Fame, and many major <a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">record labels</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bmimusiccity-227">[218]</a> This name also dates back to 1873, where after receiving and hearing a performance by the <a href="/wiki/Fisk_Jubilee_Singers" title="Fisk Jubilee Singers">Fisk Jubilee Singers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> of the United Kingdom is reported as saying that "These young people must surely come from a musical city."<a href="#cite_note-fisk2-1-228">[219]</a></li> <li>Smashville: This moniker is most closely associated with the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a> hockey team. According to Yahoo News, the name was conjured by local fan Frank Glinski, "Glinski actually came up with the term "Smashville" during a conversation with the Predators' then-vice president of marketing, who like Glinski had a child playing youth hockey locally." <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/smashville-born-died-lived-nashville-203644940.html">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410133009/https://www.yahoo.com/news/smashville-born-died-lived-nashville-203644940.html">Archived</a> April 10, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> A "Smashville" sign is located outside the home of the Predators, <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> of the South: Home to 24 post-secondary educational institutions, Nashville has long been compared to Athens, the ancient city of learning and site of <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>'s Academy. Since 1897, a full-scale <a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">replica of the Athenian Parthenon</a> has stood in Nashville, and many examples of classical and neoclassical architecture can be found in the city.<a href="#cite_note-Kreyling1996-229">[220]</a> The term was popularized by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Lindsley" title="Philip Lindsley">Philip Lindsley</a> (1786–1855), President of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nashville" title="University of Nashville">University of Nashville</a>, though it is unclear whether he was the first person to use the phrase.</li> <li>The Protestant <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican</a><a href="#cite_note-230">[221]</a> or The <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt#Buckle" title="Bible Belt">Buckle</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt">Bible Belt</a>:<a href="#cite_note-231">[222]</a> Nashville has over 700 churches,<a href="#cite_note-nashcity1-232">[223]</a> several seminaries, a number of Christian music companies, and is the headquarters for the publishing arms of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a> (<a href="/wiki/LifeWay_Christian_Resources" title="LifeWay Christian Resources">LifeWay Christian Resources</a>), the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Publishing_House" class="mw-redirect" title="United Methodist Publishing House">United Methodist Publishing House</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_USA,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.">National Baptist Convention</a> (Sunday School Publishing Board). It is also the seat of the National Baptist Convention, the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Free_Will_Baptists" title="National Association of Free Will Baptists">National Association of Free Will Baptists</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gideons_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Gideons International">Gideons International</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Association" title="Gospel Music Association">Gospel Music Association</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_(publisher)" title="Thomas Nelson (publisher)">Thomas Nelson</a>, the world's largest producer of Bibles.<a href="#cite_note-road&travel-233">[224]</a></li> <li>Cashville: Nashville native <a href="/wiki/Young_Buck" title="Young Buck">Young Buck</a> released a successful rap album called <a href="/wiki/Straight_Outta_Cashville" title="Straight Outta Cashville">Straight Outta Cashville</a> that has popularized the nickname among a new generation.<a href="#cite_note-234">[225]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Kurdistan">Little Kurdistan</a>: Nashville has the United States' largest population of <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kurds_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Kurds in Nashville, Tennessee">Kurdish people</a>, estimated to be around 11,000.<a href="#cite_note-kurdish1-148">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-kurdish3-235">[226]</a></li> <li>Nash Vegas or Nashvegas<a href="#cite_note-nashvegas1-236">[227]</a></li></ul> Nashville has additionally earned the moniker "The Hot Chicken Capital",<a href="#cite_note-pinpulpit20130703-237">[228]</a> becoming known for the local specialty cuisine <a href="/wiki/Hot_chicken" title="Hot chicken">hot chicken</a>.<a href="#cite_note-yahoo20130327-238">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-abcnews20111103-239">[230]</a> The Music City Hot Chicken Festival is hosted annually in Nashville and several restaurants make this spicy version of southern fried chicken.<a href="#cite_note-Music_City_Hot_Chicken_Festival-240">[231]</a> Due to a short-lived smokeless gunpowder plant in 1918, Nashville also had the nickname "Powder City of the World."<a href="#cite_note-The_Powder_City_of_the_World-241">[232]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional">Professional</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Professional">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg/220px-LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg/330px-LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg/440px-LP_Field_2009_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium" title="Nissan Stadium">Nissan Stadium</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Tennessee Titans</a> and formerly <a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bridgestone_Arena_(North_face)_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bridgestone_Arena_%28North_face%29_2.JPG/220px-Bridgestone_Arena_%28North_face%29_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bridgestone_Arena_%28North_face%29_2.JPG/330px-Bridgestone_Arena_%28North_face%29_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Bridgestone_Arena_%28North_face%29_2.JPG/440px-Bridgestone_Arena_%28North_face%29_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GEODIS_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/GEODIS_Park.jpg/220px-GEODIS_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/GEODIS_Park.jpg/330px-GEODIS_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/GEODIS_Park.jpg/440px-GEODIS_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1694" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Geodis_Park" title="Geodis Park">Geodis Park</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Tennessee_Park,_September_10,_2016_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/First_Tennessee_Park%2C_September_10%2C_2016_-_1.jpg/220px-First_Tennessee_Park%2C_September_10%2C_2016_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/First_Tennessee_Park%2C_September_10%2C_2016_-_1.jpg/330px-First_Tennessee_Park%2C_September_10%2C_2016_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/First_Tennessee_Park%2C_September_10%2C_2016_-_1.jpg/440px-First_Tennessee_Park%2C_September_10%2C_2016_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/First_Horizon_Park" title="First Horizon Park">First Horizon Park</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Sounds" title="Nashville Sounds">Nashville Sounds</a></figcaption></figure> Nashville is home to four professional sports franchises. Three play at the <a href="/wiki/Major_professional_sports_leagues_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada">highest professional level</a> of their respective sports: the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Tennessee Titans</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL), the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> (NHL), and <a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a> of <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> (MLS). The city is also home to one minor league team: the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Sounds" title="Nashville Sounds">Nashville Sounds</a> of <a href="/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball" title="Minor League Baseball">Minor League Baseball</a>'s <a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a>. An investment group, Music City Baseball, seeks to secure a <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> expansion franchise or lure an existing team to the city.<a href="#cite_note-242">[233]</a> The Women's National Basketball Association is considering a franchise expansion to Nashville.<a href="#cite_note-243">[234]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Team </th> <th scope="col">Sport </th> <th scope="col">League </th> <th scope="col">Venue </th> <th scope="col">Founded </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Tennessee Titans</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">Football</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium" title="Nissan Stadium">Nissan Stadium</a> </td> <td align="right">1959/1997 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Hockey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a> </td> <td align="right">1997 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Sounds" title="Nashville Sounds">Nashville Sounds</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Horizon_Park" title="First Horizon Park">First Horizon Park</a> </td> <td align="right">1978 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">Soccer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geodis_Park" title="Geodis Park">Geodis Park</a> </td> <td align="right">2020 </td></tr></tbody></table> The <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Tennessee Titans</a> moved to Nashville in 1998. Previously known as the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Houston_Oilers" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Houston Oilers">Houston Oilers</a>, which began play in 1960 in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a>, the team relocated to Tennessee in 1997. They played at the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bowl_Memorial_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium">Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a> for one season, then moved to Nashville in 1998 and played in <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanderbilt Stadium">Vanderbilt Stadium</a> for one season. During those two years, the team was known as the Tennessee Oilers, but changed its name to Titans in 1999. The team now plays at <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium" title="Nissan Stadium">Nissan Stadium</a> in Nashville, which opened in 1999. Since moving to Nashville, the Titans have won five division championships (2000, 2002, 2008, 2020, and 2021) and one conference championship (1999). They competed in 1999's <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXIV" title="Super Bowl XXXIV">Super Bowl XXXIV</a>, losing to the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_St._Louis_Rams" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the St. Louis Rams">St. Louis Rams</a>, 23–16.<a href="#cite_note-244">[235]</a> The city previously hosted the 1939 Nashville Rebels of the <a href="/wiki/American_Football_League_(1938)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football League (1938)">American Football League</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Arena_Football_League" title="Arena Football League">Arena Football League</a> teams named the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Kats" title="Nashville Kats">Nashville Kats</a> (1997–2001 and 2005–2007). From April 25–27, 2019, Nashville hosted the <a href="/wiki/2019_NFL_draft" title="2019 NFL draft">2019 NFL draft</a>, which saw an estimated 200,000 fans attend each day.<a href="#cite_note-tenn20190427-245">[236]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a> joined the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> as an expansion team in the 1998–99 season. The team plays its home games at <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a>. The Predators have won two division championships (2017–18 and 2018–19) and one conference championship (2016–17).<a href="#cite_note-246">[237]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Soccer" title="Major League Soccer">Major League Soccer</a> franchise, began play in 2020 at Nissan Stadium.<a href="#cite_note-247">[238]</a> It moved into the newly completed soccer-specific stadium <a href="/wiki/Geodis_Park" title="Geodis Park">Geodis Park</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Fairgrounds" title="Nashville Fairgrounds">Nashville Fairgrounds</a> in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-248">[239]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Sounds" title="Nashville Sounds">Nashville Sounds</a> baseball team was established in 1978 as an expansion franchise of the <a href="/wiki/Double-A_(baseball)" title="Double-A (baseball)">Double-A</a> <a href="/wiki/Southern_League_(1964%E2%80%93present)" title="Southern League (1964–present)">Southern League</a>. The Sounds won the league championship in 1979 and 1982. In 1985, the Double-A Sounds were replaced by a <a href="/wiki/Triple-A_(baseball)" title="Triple-A (baseball)">Triple-A</a> team of the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_(1902%E2%80%931997)" title="American Association (1902–1997)">American Association</a>. After the circuit dissolved in 1997, they joined the Triple-A <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coast_League" title="Pacific Coast League">Pacific Coast League</a> in 1998 and won the league championship in 2005. The Sounds left their original ballpark, <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Greer_Stadium" title="Herschel Greer Stadium">Herschel Greer Stadium</a>, in 2015 for <a href="/wiki/First_Horizon_Park" title="First Horizon Park">First Horizon Park</a>, a new ballpark built on the site of the former <a href="/wiki/Sulphur_Dell" title="Sulphur Dell">Sulphur Dell</a> ballpark. In 2021, they were placed in the Triple-A East, which became the <a href="/wiki/International_League" title="International League">International League</a> in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-249">[240]</a> In total, the Sounds have won eleven division titles and three league championships.<a href="#cite_note-250">[241]</a> The Music City Fire, an <a href="/wiki/Arena_football" title="Arena football">arena football</a> team of the <a href="/wiki/American_Arena_League" title="American Arena League">American Arena League</a> began play at the Williamson County AgExpo Park in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-251">[242]</a> Nashville is the home of the second-oldest continually operating racetrack in the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Fairgrounds_Speedway" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairgrounds Speedway">Fairgrounds Speedway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-252">[243]</a> It hosted <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Winston_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="NASCAR Winston Cup">NASCAR Winston Cup</a> races from 1958 to 1984, <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Busch_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="NASCAR Busch Series">NASCAR Busch Series</a> and <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Truck_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="NASCAR Truck Series">NASCAR Truck Series</a> in the 1980s and 1990s, and later the <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Whelen_All-American_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="NASCAR Whelen All-American Series">NASCAR Whelen All-American Series</a> and <a href="/wiki/ARCA_Racing_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="ARCA Racing Series">ARCA Racing Series</a>.<a href="#cite_note-253">[244]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Superspeedway" title="Nashville Superspeedway">Nashville Superspeedway</a> is located 30 mi (48 km) southeast of Nashville in <a href="/wiki/Gladeville,_Tennessee" title="Gladeville, Tennessee">Gladeville</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area">Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area</a>. The track held <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a> sanctioned events from 2001 to 2011 as well as <a href="/wiki/IndyCar" title="IndyCar">IndyCar</a> races from 2001 to 2008. Nashville Superspeedway reopened in 2021<a href="#cite_note-254">[245]</a> and hosts the premier <a href="/wiki/NASCAR_Cup_Series" title="NASCAR Cup Series">NASCAR Cup Series</a> race <a href="/wiki/Ally_400" title="Ally 400">Ally 400</a> annually. The <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Invitational" title="Nashville Invitational">Nashville Invitational</a> was a golf tournament on the <a href="/wiki/PGA_Tour" title="PGA Tour">PGA Tour</a> from 1944 to 1946. The <a href="/wiki/Sara_Lee_Classic" title="Sara Lee Classic">Sara Lee Classic</a> was part of the <a href="/wiki/LPGA_Tour" class="mw-redirect" title="LPGA Tour">LPGA Tour</a> from 1988 to 2002. The <a href="/wiki/BellSouth_Senior_Classic" title="BellSouth Senior Classic">BellSouth Senior Classic</a> of the Champions Tour was held from 1994 to 2003. The <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Golf_Open" title="Nashville Golf Open">Nashville Golf Open</a> is part of the <a href="/wiki/Web.com_Tour" class="mw-redirect" title="Web.com Tour">Web.com Tour</a> since 2016. The <a href="/wiki/1961_Women%27s_Western_Open" title="1961 Women's Western Open">1961 Women's Western Open</a> and <a href="/wiki/1980_U.S._Women%27s_Open" title="1980 U.S. Women's Open">1980 U.S. Women's Open</a> were also held in Nashville. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="College_and_amateur">College and amateur</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: College and amateur">edit</a>]</div> Nashville is also home to four <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> athletic programs. Nashville is also home to the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a> <a href="/wiki/Music_City_Bowl" title="Music City Bowl">Music City Bowl</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg/220px-2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg/330px-2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg/440px-2004_Vanderbilt-Navy_Game_TE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1724" /></a><figcaption>2004 Vanderbilt-Navy Game</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Program</th> <th>Division</th> <th>Conference </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Commodores" title="Vanderbilt Commodores">Vanderbilt Commodores</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> (<a href="/wiki/Football_Bowl_Subdivision" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Bowl Subdivision">FBS</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Conference" title="Southeastern Conference">Southeastern Conference</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Tigers_and_Lady_Tigers" title="Tennessee State Tigers and Lady Tigers">Tennessee State Tigers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> (<a href="/wiki/Football_Championship_Subdivision" class="mw-redirect" title="Football Championship Subdivision">FCS</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Valley_Conference" title="Ohio Valley Conference">Ohio Valley Conference</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belmont_Bruins" title="Belmont Bruins">Belmont Bruins</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> (<a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I-AAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Division I-AAA">non-football</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Valley_Conference" title="Missouri Valley Conference">Missouri Valley Conference</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_Bisons" title="Lipscomb Bisons">Lipscomb Bisons</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> (<a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I-AAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Division I-AAA">non-football</a>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ASUN_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="ASUN Conference">ASUN Conference</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Rollergirls" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashville Rollergirls">Nashville Roller Derby</a> is Nashville's only women's flat track <a href="/wiki/Roller_derby" title="Roller derby">roller derby</a> team. Established in 2006, Nashville Roller Derby competes on a regional and national level. They play their home games at the Nashville Fairgrounds Sports Arena. In 2014, they hosted the <a href="/wiki/WFTDA_Championships" title="WFTDA Championships">WFTDA Championships</a> at Municipal Auditorium. The <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Kangaroos" title="Nashville Kangaroos">Nashville Kangaroos</a> are an Australian Rules Football team that compete in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Australian_Football_League" title="United States Australian Football League">United States Australian Football League</a>. The Kangaroos play their home games at Elmington Park. The team is the reigning USAFL Central Region Champions. Three <a href="/wiki/Little_League_Baseball" title="Little League Baseball">Little League Baseball</a> teams from Nashville (one in <a href="/wiki/1970_Little_League_World_Series" title="1970 Little League World Series">1970</a>; one in <a href="/wiki/2013_Little_League_World_Series" title="2013 Little League World Series">2013</a>; and, one in <a href="/wiki/2014_Little_League_World_Series" title="2014 Little League World Series">2014</a>) have qualified for the <a href="/wiki/Little_League_World_Series" title="Little League World Series">Little League World Series</a>. Teams from neighboring <a href="/wiki/Goodlettsville" class="mw-redirect" title="Goodlettsville">Goodlettsville</a> qualified for the <a href="/wiki/2012_Little_League_World_Series" title="2012 Little League World Series">2012</a> and <a href="/wiki/2016_Little_League_World_Series" title="2016 Little League World Series">2016</a> series, giving the metropolitan area teams in three consecutive years to so qualify; and four teams in five years. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks_and_gardens">Parks and gardens</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Parks and gardens">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg/220px-Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg/330px-Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg/440px-Parthenon.at.Nashville.Tenenssee.01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1064" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">The Parthenon</a> in Nashville's <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park</a> is a full-scale reconstruction of the original Greek <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Board_of_Parks_and_Recreation" title="Nashville Board of Parks and Recreation">Metro Board of Parks and Recreation</a> owns and manages 10,200 acres (4,100 ha) of land and 99 parks and greenways (accounting for more than 3% of the total area of the county). <a href="/wiki/Warner_Parks" title="Warner Parks">Warner Parks</a>, situated on 2,684 acres (1,086 ha) of land, consists of a 5,000-square-foot (460 m2) learning center, 20 miles (32 km) of scenic roads, 12 miles (19 km) of hiking trails, and 10 miles (16 km) of horse trails. It is also the home of the annual <a href="/wiki/Iroquois_(horse)" title="Iroquois (horse)">Iroquois</a> <a href="/wiki/Steeplechase_(horse_racing)" title="Steeplechase (horse racing)">Steeplechase</a>. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="United States Army Corps of Engineers">United States Army Corps of Engineers</a> maintains parks on <a href="/wiki/Old_Hickory_Lake" title="Old Hickory Lake">Old Hickory Lake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Percy_Priest_Lake" title="Percy Priest Lake">Percy Priest Lake</a>. These parks are used for activities such as fishing, <a href="/wiki/Water_skiing" title="Water skiing">water skiing</a>, sailing and <a href="/wiki/Boating" title="Boating">boating</a>. The Harbor Island Yacht Club makes its headquarters on Old Hickory Lake, and Percy Priest Lake is home to the Vanderbilt Sailing Club and <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Shores" title="Nashville Shores">Nashville Shores</a>. Other parks in Nashville include <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shelby_Park_(Nashville)" title="Shelby Park (Nashville)">Shelby Park</a>, Cumberland Park, and <a href="/wiki/Radnor_Lake_State_Natural_Area" title="Radnor Lake State Natural Area">Radnor Lake State Natural Area</a>. On August 27, 2013, Nashville mayor Karl Dean revealed plans for two new riverfront parks on the east and west banks of the Cumberland River downtown. Construction on the east bank park began in the fall of 2013, and the projected completion date for the west bank park is 2015. Among many exciting benefits of this Cumberland River re-development project is the construction of a highly anticipated outdoor amphitheater. Located on the west bank, this music venue will be surrounded by a new 12-acre (4.9 ha) park and will replace the previous thermal plant site. It will include room for 6,500 spectators with 2,500 removable seats and additional seating on an overlooking grassy knoll. In addition, the 4.5-acre (1.8 ha) east bank park will include a river landing, providing people access to the river. In regard to the parks' benefits for Nashvillian civilians, Mayor Dean remarked that "if done right, the thermal site can be an iconic park that generations of Nashvillians will be proud of and which they can enjoy".<a href="#cite_note-255">[246]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_and_government">Law and government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Law and government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of mayors of Nashville, Tennessee">List of mayors of Nashville, Tennessee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Council_of_Nashville_and_Davidson_County" title="Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County">Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg/220px-Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg/330px-Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg/440px-Tennessee_State_Capitol_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Capitol" title="Tennessee State Capitol">State Capitol</a> in Nashville</figcaption></figure> The city of Nashville and Davidson County merged in 1963 as a way for Nashville to combat the problems of <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a>. The combined entity is officially known as "the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County", and is popularly known as "Metro Nashville" or simply "Metro". It offers services such as <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Police_Department" title="Metropolitan Nashville Police Department">police</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Fire_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashville Fire Department">fire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Electric_Service" title="Nashville Electric Service">electricity</a>, water and sewage treatment. When the Metro government was formed in 1963, the government was split into two service districts—the "urban services district" and the "general services district." The urban services district encompasses the 1963 boundaries of the former City of Nashville, approximately 72 square miles (190 km2),<a href="#cite_note-citypap20101121-256">[247]</a> and the general services district includes the remainder of Davidson County. There are six smaller municipalities within the consolidated city-county: <a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade,_Tennessee" title="Belle Meade, Tennessee">Belle Meade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berry_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Berry Hill, Tennessee">Berry Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Tennessee" title="Forest Hills, Tennessee">Forest Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Oak Hill, Tennessee">Oak Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goodlettsville,_Tennessee" title="Goodlettsville, Tennessee">Goodlettsville</a> (partially), and <a href="/wiki/Ridgetop,_Tennessee" title="Ridgetop, Tennessee">Ridgetop</a> (partially). These municipalities use a two-tier system of government, with the smaller municipality typically providing police services and the Metro Nashville government providing most other services. Previously, the city of <a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Tennessee" title="Lakewood, Tennessee">Lakewood</a> also had a separate charter. However, Lakewood residents voted in 2010 and 2011 to dissolve its city charter and join the metropolitan government, with both votes passing.<a href="#cite_note-257">[248]</a> Nashville is governed by a mayor, vice-mayor, and <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Council_of_Nashville_and_Davidson_County" title="Metropolitan Council of Nashville and Davidson County">40-member Metropolitan Council</a>. It uses the strong-mayor form of the <a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">mayor–council system</a>.<a href="#cite_note-258">[249]</a> The current mayor of Nashville is <a href="/wiki/Freddie_O%27Connell" title="Freddie O'Connell">Freddie O'Connell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-259">[250]</a> The Metropolitan Council is the legislative body of government for Nashville and Davidson County. There are five council members who are elected at large and 35 council members that represent individual districts. The Metro Council has regular meetings that are presided over by the vice-mayor, who is currently Jim Shulman. The Metro Council meets on the first and third Tuesday of each month at 6:00 pm, according to the Metropolitan Charter. Nashville is home to the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Supreme_Court" title="Tennessee Supreme Court">Tennessee Supreme Court</a>'s courthouse for <a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee" title="Middle Tennessee">Middle Tennessee</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver_Federal_Building_and_United_States_Courthouse" title="Estes Kefauver Federal Building and United States Courthouse">Estes Kefauver Federal Building and United States Courthouse</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Middle_District_of_Tennessee" title="United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee">United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</div> Nashville has been a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> stronghold since at least the end of <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction</a>, and has remained staunchly Democratic even as the state as a whole has trended strongly <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>. Pockets of Republican influence exist in the wealthier portions of the city, but they are usually no match for the overwhelming Democratic trend in the rest of the city. The issue of school busing roiled politics for years but subsided after the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-260">[251]</a> While local elections are officially nonpartisan, nearly all the city's elected officials are publicly known as Democrats. The city is split among 10 state house districts, all of which are held by Democrats. Three state senate districts and part of a fourth are within the county; three are held by Democrats and one by a Republican.<a href="#cite_note-261">[252]</a> In the state legislature, Nashville politicians serve as leaders of both the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Senate" title="Tennessee Senate">Senate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_House_of_Representatives" title="Tennessee House of Representatives">House</a> Democratic Caucuses. Representative Mike Stewart serves as Chairman of the House Caucus. Senator <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Yarbro" title="Jeff Yarbro">Jeff Yarbro</a> serves as Chairman of the Senate Caucus. Democrats are no less dominant at the federal level. Democratic presidential candidates have failed to carry Davidson County only five times since Reconstruction; in 1928, 1968, 1972, 1984 and 1988.<a href="#cite_note-uselectionatlas.org-262">[253]</a> In most years, Democrats have carried Nashville at the presidential level with relatively little difficulty, even in years when they lose Tennessee as a whole. This has been especially true in recent elections, as the state capitol has continued to trend more Democratic even as most of the rest of the state has become staunchly Republican. In the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 presidential election</a>, Tennessean Democrat <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> carried Nashville with over 59% of the vote even as he narrowly lost his home state and thus the presidency. In the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 election</a>, Democrat <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> carried Nashville with 55% of the vote while <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> won the state by 14 points. In <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> carried Nashville with 60% of the vote while Republican <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> won Tennessee by 15 points. Nashville was in a single congressional district, the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 5th congressional district">5th</a>, for most of its history. A Republican had not represented a significant portion of Nashville since 1874, until 2023 when the GOP-controlled state legislature controversially split Nashville into parts of the 5th, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 6th congressional district">6th</a>, and 7th districts in a partisan <a href="/wiki/Gerrymander" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerrymander">gerrymander</a> an additional Republican to Tennessee's congressional delegation as part of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_redistricting_cycle" title="2020 United States redistricting cycle">2022 redistricting cycle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-263">[254]</a> This Republican gerrymander ‘cracked’ the Democratic stronghold of Nashville across three otherwise Republican districts, ensuring three Republican representatives. This gerrymander ‘diminished the influence of Black voters and other voters of color concentrated in Nashville’, by splitting them up and adding portions of the Nashville community into districts that are overwhelmingly white and Republican, thus diluting the voting power of Black voters in the state.<a href="#cite_note-264">[255]</a> Prior to this gerrymander, Republicans made a few spirited challenges to the 5th district in the mid-1960s and early 1970s, almost winning the district in 1968. The last serious bid for the district while still a Democratic stronghold was in 1972, when the Republican candidate gained 38% of the vote even as Nixon carried the district in the presidential election by a large margin. The district's best-known congressman was probably <a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Byrns_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph W. Byrns Sr.">Jo Byrns</a>, who represented the district from 1909 to 1936 and was <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> for much of <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin Roosevelt</a>'s first term as president. Another nationally prominent congressman from Nashville was <a href="/wiki/Percy_Priest" title="Percy Priest">Percy Priest</a>, who represented the district from 1941 to 1956 and was <a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">House Majority Whip</a> from 1949 to 1953. Former mayors <a href="/wiki/Richard_Fulton" title="Richard Fulton">Richard Fulton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Boner" title="Bill Boner">Bill Boner</a> also sat in the U.S. House before assuming the Metro mayoral office. From 2003 to 2013, a sliver of southwestern Nashville was located in the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 7th congressional district">7th District</a>, represented by Republican <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Marsha Blackburn</a>. This area was roughly coextensive with the portion of Nashville she had represented in the state senate from 1998 to 2002. However, the 5th regained all of Nashville after the 2010 census. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime">Crime</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Crime">edit</a>]</div> According to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting database, Metropolitan Nashville has a violent crime rate approximately three times the national average, and a property crime rate approximately 1.6 times the average.<a href="#cite_note-FBIUCR1-265">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-FBIUCR2-266">[257]</a> The following table shows Nashville's crime rate per 100,000 inhabitants for seven UCR categories. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Crime </th> <th>Nashville (2017)<a href="#cite_note-FBIUCR1-265">[256]</a> </th> <th>National average (2017)<a href="#cite_note-FBIUCR2-266">[257]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Murder and non-negligent manslaughter </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16.29 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rape </td> <td style="text-align:right;">72.89 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Robbery </td> <td style="text-align:right;">303.13 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">98.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Aggravated assault </td> <td style="text-align:right;">745.84 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">248.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Burglary </td> <td style="text-align:right;">631.31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">430.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Larceny-theft </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,806.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,694.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Motor vehicle theft </td> <td style="text-align:right;">380.03 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">237.4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peabodyvu.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peabodyvu.JPG/220px-Peabodyvu.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peabodyvu.JPG/330px-Peabodyvu.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Peabodyvu.JPG/440px-Peabodyvu.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Wyatt Center, <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_private_schools_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of private schools in Nashville, Tennessee">List of private schools in Nashville, Tennessee</a></div> The city is served by <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Public_Schools" title="Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools">Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools</a>, also referred to as Metro Schools. This district is the second largest school district in Tennessee, and enrolls approximately 85,000 students at 169 schools.<a href="#cite_note-nces_dist-267">[258]</a> In addition, Nashville is home to numerous private schools, including <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Bell_Academy" title="Montgomery Bell Academy">Montgomery Bell Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harpeth_Hall_School" title="Harpeth Hall School">Harpeth Hall School</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_School_of_Nashville" title="University School of Nashville">University School of Nashville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_Academy" title="Lipscomb Academy">Lipscomb Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Ensworth_School" title="The Ensworth School">The Ensworth School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christ_Presbyterian_Academy" title="Christ Presbyterian Academy">Christ Presbyterian Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Father_Ryan_High_School" title="Father Ryan High School">Father Ryan High School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II_High_School_(Tennessee)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope John Paul II High School (Tennessee)">Pope John Paul II High School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Road_Academy" title="Franklin Road Academy">Franklin Road Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Davidson_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Davidson Academy">Davidson Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Christian_School" title="Nashville Christian School">Nashville Christian School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donelson_Christian_Academy" title="Donelson Christian Academy">Donelson Christian Academy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St._Cecilia_Academy_(Nashville,_Tennessee)" title="St. Cecilia Academy (Nashville, Tennessee)">St. Cecilia Academy</a>. Combined, all of the private schools in Nashville enroll more than 15,000 students.<a href="#cite_note-268">[259]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information on the Nashville charter school organization: <a href="/wiki/LEAD_Public_Schools" title="LEAD Public Schools">LEAD Public Schools</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colleges_and_universities">Colleges and universities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Colleges and universities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG/220px-WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG/330px-WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG/440px-WTN_PeepHoles_056.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Campus Center, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State University</a></figcaption></figure> Nashville has been labeled the "Athens of the South" due to the many colleges and universities in the metropolitan area.<a href="#cite_note-Kreyling1996-229">[220]</a> Total enrollment in post-secondary education in Nashville is around 43,000. The largest is <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a>, with about 13,000 students.<a href="#cite_note-269">[260]</a> Vanderbilt is considered one of the nation's leading research universities and is particularly known for its medical, law, and education programs.<a href="#cite_note-270">[261]</a> Nashville is home to more <a href="/wiki/Historically_black_colleges_and_universities" title="Historically black colleges and universities">historically Black</a> institutions of higher education than any other city save for <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meharry_Medical_College" title="Meharry Medical College">Meharry Medical College</a>, and <a href="/wiki/American_Baptist_College" title="American Baptist College">American Baptist College</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tribune20130418-271">[262]</a> Other schools based in Nashville include <a href="/wiki/Belmont_University" title="Belmont University">Belmont University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_University" title="Lipscomb University">Lipscomb University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trevecca_Nazarene_University" title="Trevecca Nazarene University">Trevecca Nazarene University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_A._Gupton_College" title="John A. Gupton College">John A. Gupton College</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Board_of_Regents" title="Tennessee Board of Regents">Tennessee Board of Regents</a> operates <a href="/wiki/Nashville_State_Community_College" title="Nashville State Community College">Nashville State Community College</a> and the Nashville branch of the Tennessee Colleges of Applied Technology.<a href="#cite_note-272">[263]</a> Other nearby institutes of higher education include <a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Tennessee" title="Murfreesboro, Tennessee">Murfreesboro's</a> <a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee_State_University" title="Middle Tennessee State University">Middle Tennessee State University</a> (MTSU) and <a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville's</a> <a href="/wiki/Austin_Peay_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Austin Peay University">Austin Peay University</a>, both full-sized public university with Tennessee's second- and eighth-largest undergraduate populations, respectively; <a href="/wiki/Daymar_College" title="Daymar College">Daymar College</a> in Franklin; and <a href="/wiki/Cumberland_University" title="Cumberland University">Cumberland University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Tennessee" title="Lebanon, Tennessee">Lebanon</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Media_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Media in Nashville, Tennessee">Media in Nashville, Tennessee</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tennessean_office.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tennessean_office.jpg/220px-Tennessean_office.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tennessean_office.jpg/330px-Tennessean_office.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Tennessean_office.jpg/440px-Tennessean_office.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3884" data-file-height="2672" /></a><figcaption>Former offices of <a href="/wiki/The_Tennessean" title="The Tennessean">The Tennessean</a></figcaption></figure> The daily newspaper in Nashville is <a href="/wiki/The_Tennessean" title="The Tennessean">The Tennessean</a>, which until 1998 competed with the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Banner" title="Nashville Banner">Nashville Banner</a>, another daily paper that was housed in the same building under a <a href="/wiki/Joint_operating_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint operating agreement">joint-operating agreement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-jacksonsun-273">[264]</a> The Tennessean is the city's most widely circulated newspaper. Online news service <a href="/wiki/NashvillePost.com" title="NashvillePost.com">NashvillePost.com</a> competes with the printed dailies to break local and state news. Several weekly papers are also published in Nashville, including The Nashville Pride, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashville Business Journal">Nashville Business Journal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Scene" title="Nashville Scene">Nashville Scene</a> and The Tennessee Tribune. Historically, The Tennessean was associated with a broadly liberal editorial policy, while The Banner carried staunchly conservative views in its editorial pages;<a href="#cite_note-jacksonsun-273">[264]</a> The Banner's heritage had been carried on, to an extent, by <a href="/wiki/The_City_Paper" title="The City Paper">The City Paper</a> which folded in August 2013 after having been founded in October 2000. The Nashville Scene is the area's <a href="/wiki/Alternative_newspaper" title="Alternative newspaper">alternative weekly</a> broadsheet. The Nashville Pride is aimed towards community development and serves Nashville's entrepreneurial population. Nashville Post is an online news source covering business, politics and sports. Nashville is home to eleven broadcast television stations, although most households are served by direct <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable</a> network connections. <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast Cable</a> has a monopoly on terrestrial cable service in Davidson County (but not throughout the entire <a href="/wiki/Media_market" title="Media market">media market</a>). Nashville is ranked as the 26th largest television market in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-274">[265]</a> Major stations include <a href="/wiki/WKRN-TV" title="WKRN-TV">WKRN-TV</a> 2 (<a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>), <a href="/wiki/WSMV-TV" title="WSMV-TV">WSMV-TV</a> 4 (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>), <a href="/wiki/WTVF" title="WTVF">WTVF</a> 5 (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>), <a href="/wiki/WNPT_(TV)" class="mw-redirect" title="WNPT (TV)">WNPT</a> 8 (<a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>), <a href="/wiki/WTNX-LD" title="WTNX-LD">WTNX-LD</a> 15 (<a href="/wiki/Telemundo" title="Telemundo">Telemundo</a>), <a href="/wiki/WZTV" title="WZTV">WZTV</a> 17 (<a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>, with <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a> on DT2), <a href="/wiki/WNPX-TV" title="WNPX-TV">WNPX-TV</a> 28 (<a href="/wiki/Ion_Television" title="Ion Television">ion</a>), <a href="/wiki/WPGD-TV" title="WPGD-TV">WPGD-TV</a> 50 (<a href="/wiki/Trinity_Broadcasting_Network" title="Trinity Broadcasting Network">TBN</a>), <a href="/wiki/WLLC-LD" title="WLLC-LD">WLLC-LD</a> 42 (<a href="/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a>), <a href="/wiki/WUXP-TV" title="WUXP-TV">WUXP-TV</a> 30 (<a href="/wiki/MyNetworkTV" title="MyNetworkTV">MyNetworkTV</a>), (<a href="/wiki/WJFB" title="WJFB">WJFB</a>) 44 (<a href="/wiki/MeTV" title="MeTV">MeTV</a>), and <a href="/wiki/WNAB" title="WNAB">WNAB</a> 58 (<a href="/wiki/Dabl" title="Dabl">Dabl</a>).<a href="#cite_note-275">[266]</a> Nashville is also home to cable networks <a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Country Music Television">Country Music Television</a> (CMT) and <a href="/wiki/RFD-TV" title="RFD-TV">RFD-TV</a>, among others. CMT's <a href="/wiki/Master_control" title="Master control">master control</a> facilities are located in New York City with other <a href="/wiki/Viacom_(2005%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Viacom (2005–present)">Viacom</a> properties. The Top 20 Countdown and CMT Insider are taped in their Nashville studios. <a href="/wiki/Shop_at_Home_Network" title="Shop at Home Network">Shop at Home Network</a> was once based in Nashville, but the channel signed off in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-276">[267]</a> Several <a href="/wiki/Frequency_modulation" title="Frequency modulation">FM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amplitude_modulation" title="Amplitude modulation">AM</a> radio stations broadcast in the Nashville area, including five <a href="/wiki/Campus_radio" title="Campus radio">college stations</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Low-power_broadcasting" title="Low-power broadcasting">LPFM</a> <a href="/wiki/Community_radio" title="Community radio">community radio</a> station. Nashville is ranked as the 39th largest radio market in the United States. <a href="/wiki/WSM-FM" title="WSM-FM">WSM-FM</a> is owned by Cumulus Media and is 95.5 FM. <a href="/wiki/WSM_(AM)" title="WSM (AM)">WSM-AM</a>, owned by Gaylord Entertainment Company, is based on the <a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Opryland_Resort_%26_Convention_Center" title="Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center">Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center</a>. WSM is famous for carrying live broadcasts of the Grand Ole Opry, through which it helped spread the popularity of country music in America, and continues to broadcast country music throughout its broadcast day. <a href="/wiki/WLAC" title="WLAC">WLAC</a>, whose over-the-air signal is heard at 1510 AM, is an <a href="/wiki/IHeartMedia" title="IHeartMedia">iHeartMedia</a>-owned talk station which was originally sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/Life_and_Casualty_Insurance_Company_of_Tennessee" title="Life and Casualty Insurance Company of Tennessee">Life and Casualty Insurance Company of Tennessee</a>, and its competitor <a href="/wiki/WWTN" title="WWTN">WWTN</a> is owned by <a href="/wiki/Cumulus_Media" title="Cumulus Media">Cumulus</a>. Several major motion pictures have been filmed in Nashville, including <a href="/wiki/The_Green_Mile_(film)" title="The Green Mile (film)">The Green Mile</a>, “<a href="/wiki/The_Matrix" title="The Matrix">The Matrix</a>”, <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Castle" title="The Last Castle">The Last Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gummo" title="Gummo">Gummo</a>, “<a href="/wiki/Starman_(film)" title="Starman (film)">Starman</a>”, <a href="/wiki/The_Thing_Called_Love" title="The Thing Called Love">The Thing Called Love</a>, <a href="/wiki/Two_Weeks_(2006_film)" title="Two Weeks (2006 film)">Two Weeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coal_Miner%27s_Daughter_(film)" title="Coal Miner's Daughter (film)">Coal Miner's Daughter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(film)" title="Nashville (film)">Nashville</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Romine2006–32-277">[268]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Country_Strong" title="Country Strong">Country Strong</a>, as well as the ABC television series <a href="/wiki/Nashville_(2012_TV_series)" title="Nashville (2012 TV series)">Nashville</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> According to the 2016 <a href="/wiki/American_Community_Survey" title="American Community Survey">American Community Survey</a>, 78.1% of working Nashville residents commuted by driving alone, 9.8% carpooled, 2% used public transportation, and 2.2% walked. About 1.1% used all other forms of transportation, including taxicab, motorcycle, and bicycle. About 6.7% of working Nashville residents worked at home.<a href="#cite_note-278">[269]</a> In 2015, 7.9% of city of Nashville households were without a car; this figure decreased to 5.9% in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Nashville averaged 1.72 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.<a href="#cite_note-279">[270]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Highways">Highways</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Highways">edit</a>]</div> Nashville is centrally located at the crossroads of three <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">Interstate Highways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interstate_40_in_Tennessee" title="Interstate 40 in Tennessee">I-40</a> (east-west), <a href="/wiki/Interstate_24#Tennessee" title="Interstate 24">I-24</a> (northwest-southeast) and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_65_in_Tennessee" title="Interstate 65 in Tennessee">I-65</a> (north-south). I-40 connects the city between <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a> to the west and <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville</a> to the east, I-24 connects between <a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville</a> to the northwest and <a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga</a> to the southeast, and I-65 connects between <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville</a> to the south. All three of these interstate highways, which also serve the suburbs, form brief <a href="/wiki/Concurrency_(road)" title="Concurrency (road)">concurrencies</a> with each other in the city, and completely encircle downtown. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_440_(Tennessee)" title="Interstate 440 (Tennessee)">I-440</a> is a bypass route connecting I-40, I-65, and I-24 south of Downtown Nashville. <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Route_155" title="Tennessee State Route 155">Briley Parkway</a>, the majority of which is a <a href="/wiki/Controlled_access_highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Controlled access highway">freeway</a>, forms a bypass around the north side of the city and its interstates. Ellington Parkway, a freeway made up of a section of <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_31E#Tennessee" title="U.S. Route 31E">US 31E</a>, runs between east of downtown and Briley Parkway, serving as an alternative route to I-65. <a href="/wiki/Interstate_840_(Tennessee)" title="Interstate 840 (Tennessee)">I-840</a> provides an outer southern bypass for the city and its suburbs. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Numbered_Highway_System" title="United States Numbered Highway System">U.S. Routes</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_31_in_Tennessee" title="U.S. Route 31 in Tennessee">31</a>, 31E, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_31W#Tennessee" title="U.S. Route 31W">31W</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_31A" title="U.S. Route 31A">31 Alternate</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_41_in_Tennessee" title="U.S. Route 41 in Tennessee">41</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_41_Alternate_(Tennessee%E2%80%93Kentucky)" title="U.S. Route 41 Alternate (Tennessee–Kentucky)">41 Alternate</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_70_in_Tennessee" title="U.S. Route 70 in Tennessee">70</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_70S" title="U.S. Route 70S">70S</a>, and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_431_in_Tennessee" title="U.S. Route 431 in Tennessee">431</a> also serve Nashville, intersecting in the city's center as arterial surface roads and radiating outward. Most of these routes are called "pikes" and many carry the names of nearby towns to which they lead. Among these are Clarksville Pike, Gallatin Pike, Lebanon Pike, Murfreesboro Pike, Nolensville Pike, and Franklin Pike.<a href="#cite_note-280">[271]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Public_transit">Public transit</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Public transit">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png/220px-Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png/330px-Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png/440px-Map_showing_Lines_Owned_and_Operated_by_the_Nashville_Railway_and_Light_Company_c_1907.png 2x" data-file-width="1624" data-file-height="1364" /></a><figcaption>Map showing Lines Owned and Operated by the Nashville Railway and Light Company <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1907</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/WeGo_Public_Transit" title="WeGo Public Transit">WeGo Public Transit</a> provides bus transit within the city. Routes utilize a <a href="/wiki/Spoke%E2%80%93hub_distribution_paradigm" title="Spoke–hub distribution paradigm">hub and spoke</a> method, centered around the Music City Central transit station in downtown.<a href="#cite_note-tenn20141008-281">[272]</a> A rejected <a href="/wiki/Let%27s_Move_Nashville" title="Let's Move Nashville">expansion plan</a> included use of <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">bus rapid transit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a> service at some point in the future.<a href="#cite_note-282">[273]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Choose_How_You_Move_(Nashville)" title="Choose How You Move (Nashville)">subsequent expansion plan</a> focused on improving sidewalks, adding smart signals, upgrading bus stops and transit centers, implementing a 24-hour bus service and adding 54 miles of high-capacity transit corridors was passed in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-283">[274]</a> Nashville is considered a gateway city for rail and air traffic for the <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Atlantic_Megaregion" class="mw-redirect" title="Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion">Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-284">[275]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Air">Air</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Air">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg/220px-Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg/330px-Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg/440px-Nashville_International_Airport_restaurants.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2319" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the terminal at the Nashville International Airport</figcaption></figure> The city is served by <a href="/wiki/Nashville_International_Airport" title="Nashville International Airport">Nashville International Airport</a> (BNA), which is operated by the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Airport_Authority" title="Metropolitan Nashville Airport Authority">Metropolitan Nashville Airport Authority</a> (MNAA). Nearly 23 million passengers visited the airport in 2023, making it the 29th busiest airport in the US.<a href="#cite_note-285">[276]</a> BNA is ranked the fastest growing airport among the top 50 airports in the United States. Nashville International Airport serves 600 daily flights to more than 100 nonstop markets. In late 2014, BNA became the first major U.S. airport to establish dedicated pick-up and drop-off areas for <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">vehicle for hire</a> companies.<a href="#cite_note-286">[277]</a> The airport authority also operates the <a href="/wiki/John_C._Tune_Airport" title="John C. Tune Airport">John C. Tune Airport</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Class_E_airspace" class="mw-redirect" title="Class E airspace">Class E airspace</a> <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a> airport. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Intercity_rail">Intercity rail</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Intercity rail">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Music_City_Star.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Music_City_Star.jpg/220px-Music_City_Star.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Music_City_Star.jpg/330px-Music_City_Star.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Music_City_Star.jpg/440px-Music_City_Star.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/WeGo_Star" title="WeGo Star">WeGo Star</a> commuter train beneath the <a href="/wiki/Shelby_Street_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Street Bridge">Shelby Street Bridge</a></figcaption></figure> Although a major freight hub for <a href="/wiki/CSX_Transportation" title="CSX Transportation">CSX Transportation</a>, Nashville is not currently served by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_major_cities_in_the_United_States_lacking_inter-city_rail_service" title="List of major cities in the United States lacking inter-city rail service">third-largest metropolitan area</a> in the U.S. to have this distinction.<a href="#cite_note-287">[278]</a> Nashville's <a href="/wiki/Union_Station_(Nashville)" title="Union Station (Nashville)">Union Station</a> had once been a major intercity passenger rail center for the <a href="/wiki/Louisville_and_Nashville_Railroad" title="Louisville and Nashville Railroad">Louisville and Nashville Railroad</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Chattanooga_and_St._Louis_Railway" title="Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway">Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Central_Railway" title="Tennessee Central Railway">Tennessee Central Railway</a>, reaching Midwestern cities and cities on the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. However, by the time of Amtrak's founding, service had been cut back to a single train, the <a href="/wiki/Floridian_(train,_1971%E2%80%931979)" title="Floridian (train, 1971–1979)">Floridian</a>, which ran from <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> to <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a>. It served Union Station until its cancellation on October 9, 1979, due to poor track conditions resulting in late trains and low ridership, ending over 120 years of intercity rail service in Nashville. While there have been few proposals to restore Amtrak service to Nashville, there have been repeated calls from residents.<a href="#cite_note-amtrak-288">[279]</a> In addition to scarce federal funding, Tennessee state officials do not believe that Nashville is large enough to support intercity rail. "It would be wonderful to say I can be in Memphis and jump on a train to Nashville, but the volume of people who would do that isn't anywhere close to what the cost would be to provide the service," said Ed Cole, chief of environment and planning with the Tennessee Department of Transportation.<a href="#cite_note-amtrak-288">[279]</a> Ross Capon, executive director of the National Association of Railroad Passengers, said rail trips would catch on if routes were expanded, but conceded that it would be nearly impossible to resume Amtrak service to Nashville without a substantial investment from the state.<a href="#cite_note-amtrak-288">[279]</a> However, in 2020, Amtrak indicated it was considering <a href="/wiki/Nashville%E2%80%93Atlanta_passenger_rail" title="Nashville–Atlanta passenger rail">a service that would run from Atlanta to Nashville by way of Chattanooga</a>.<a href="#cite_note-289">[280]</a> Nashville launched a passenger commuter rail system called the Music City Star (now the <a href="/wiki/WeGo_Star" title="WeGo Star">WeGo Star</a>) on September 18, 2006. The only currently operational leg of the system connects the city of Lebanon to downtown Nashville at the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Riverfront_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Nashville Riverfront station">Nashville Riverfront station</a>. Legs to Clarksville, Murfreesboro and Gallatin are currently in the feasibility study stage. The system plan includes seven legs connecting Nashville to surrounding suburbs. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bridges">Bridges</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Bridges">edit</a>]</div> Bridges within the city include: <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Official name</th> <th>Other names</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Date opened</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Korean_War_Veterans_Memorial_Bridge" title="Korean War Veterans Memorial Bridge">Korean War Veterans Memorial Bridge</a> </td> <td>Gateway Bridge </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,660 ft (510 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">May 19, 2004 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-290">[281]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kelly Miller Smith Memorial Bridge </td> <td>Jefferson Street Bridge </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,835 ft (559 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">March 2, 1994 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-291">[282]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Old Hickory Bridge </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,222 ft (372 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1928; second span built 1967 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-292">[283]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Martin Luther King Jr. Bridge </td> <td>Bordeaux Bridge </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">September 18, 1980 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-293">[284]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Seigenthaler_Pedestrian_Bridge" title="John Seigenthaler Pedestrian Bridge">John Seigenthaler Pedestrian Bridge</a> </td> <td>Shelby Street Bridge </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,150 ft (960 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">July 5, 1909 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-294">[285]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Silliman_Evans_Bridge" title="Silliman Evans Bridge">Silliman Evans Bridge</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,362 ft (720 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">January 14, 1964 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-295">[286]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lyle_H._Fulton_Memorial_Bridge" title="Lyle H. Fulton Memorial Bridge">Lyle H. Fulton Memorial Bridge</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> March 15, 1971 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-296">[287]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Victory Memorial Bridge </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">May 19, 1956 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-297">[288]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>William Goodwin Bridge </td> <td>Hobson Pike Bridge </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,215 ft (675 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Woodland Street Bridge </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">639 ft (195 m) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">April 10, 1886; replaced 1965 </td> <td><a href="#cite_note-298">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[290]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utilities">Utilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Utilities">edit</a>]</div> The city of Nashville owns the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Electric_Service" title="Nashville Electric Service">Nashville Electric Service</a> (NES), Metro Water Services (MWS) and Nashville District Energy System (NDES). The Nashville Electric Service provides electricity to the entirety of Davidson County and small portions of the six adjacent counties, and purchases its power from the <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority" title="Tennessee Valley Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a>.<a href="#cite_note-300">[291]</a> Metro Water Services provides water, wastewater, and stormwater to Nashville and the majority of Davidson County, as well as water services to small portions of Rutherford and Williamson counties, and wastewater services to small portions of all of the surrounding counties except for Cheatham County. MWS sources its water from the Cumberland River and operates two water treatment plants and three wastewater treatment plants.<a href="#cite_note-301">[292]</a> Ten additional utility companies provide water and sewer service to Nashville and Davidson County. The Nashville District Energy System provides heating and cooling services to certain buildings in downtown, including multiple government buildings.<a href="#cite_note-302">[293]</a> <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a> is provided by <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Natural_Gas" title="Piedmont Natural Gas">Piedmont Natural Gas</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Duke_Energy" title="Duke Energy">Duke Energy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-303">[294]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of hospitals in Nashville, Tennessee">List of hospitals in Nashville, Tennessee</a></div> As a major center for the healthcare industry, Nashville is home to several hospitals and other primary care facilities. Most hospitals in Nashville are operated by <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University_Medical_Center" title="Vanderbilt University Medical Center">Vanderbilt University Medical Center</a>, the TriStar Division of <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Corporation_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital Corporation of America">Hospital Corporation of America</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ascension_Saint_Thomas" title="Ascension Saint Thomas">Ascension Saint Thomas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-304">[295]</a> The Metropolitan Nashville Hospital Authority operates Nashville General Hospital, which is affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Meharry_Medical_College" title="Meharry Medical College">Meharry Medical College</a>.<a href="#cite_note-305">[296]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: International relations">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a>]</div> Nashville's <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister cities</a> are:<a href="#cite_note-306">[297]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland"><img alt="Northern Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Caen" title="Caen">Caen</a>, France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq"><img alt="Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Erbil" title="Erbil">Erbil</a>, Kurdistan Region, Iraq<a href="#cite_note-307">[298]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kamakura" title="Kamakura">Kamakura</a>, Japan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a>, Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mendoza,_Argentina" title="Mendoza, Argentina">Mendoza</a>, Argentina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan">Taiyuan</a>, China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tamworth_Regional_Council" title="Tamworth Regional Council">Tamworth</a>, Australia</li></ul> </div> <dl><dt>Candidates<a href="#cite_note-308">[299]</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gwangjin_District" title="Gwangjin District">Gwangjin (Seoul)</a>, South Korea</li></ul> <dl><dt>International Friendship City<a href="#cite_note-friendshipcity-309">[300]</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Crouy" title="Crouy">Crouy</a>, France</li></ul> <dl><dt>Municipality United in Friendship<a href="#cite_note-friendshipcity-309">[300]</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/El_Port_de_la_Selva" title="El Port de la Selva">El Port de la Selva</a>, Spain</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consulates">Consulates</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Consulates">edit</a>]</div> Nashville is also home to <a href="/wiki/Consulates" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulates">consulates</a> for the following countries: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[301]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a><a href="#cite_note-311">[302]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (honorary)<a href="#cite_note-312">[303]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (honorary)<a href="#cite_note-313">[304]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a><a href="#cite_note-314">[305]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> (honorary)<a href="#cite_note-315">[306]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Consulate-General_of_Japan,_Nashville" title="Consulate-General of Japan, Nashville">Japan</a><a href="#cite_note-316">[307]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of people from Nashville, Tennessee">List of people from Nashville, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Development_and_Housing_Agency" title="Metropolitan Development and Housing Agency">Metropolitan Development and Housing Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Children_(Halberstam)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Children (Halberstam)">The Children</a>, 1999 book about the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Student_Movement" title="Nashville Student Movement">Nashville Student Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee">National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Nashville" title="USS Nashville">USS Nashville</a>, 3 ships</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/19px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/29px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/38px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:North_America" title="Portal:North America">North America</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/21px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/32px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/42px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Tennessee" title="Portal:Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> Tennessee Code 2-13-208 requires all municipal elections and their respective offices to be <a href="/wiki/Nonpartisanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisanism">nonpartisan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2-13-208-2">[2]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Consolidated refers to the population of Davidson County; Balance refers to the population of Nashville excluding other incorporated cities within the Nashville-Davidson boundary. </li> <li id="cite_note-balance-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-balance_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-balance_9-1">b</a> This ranking is based on Nashville's balance population of 689,447. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">De jure</a>, the city of Nashville includes all of Davidson County including its satellite cities. However, the <a href="/wiki/Nashville-Davidson_(balance),_Tennessee" title="Nashville-Davidson (balance), Tennessee">Nashville-Davidson balance</a> will be used when referring to Nashville. </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> Official records for Nashville were kept at downtown from December 1973 to December 1939, and at Nashville Int'l since January 1940. For more information, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threadex.rcc-acis.org">Threadex</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> The significant increase between 1960 and 1970 is due to the merging of Nashville and Davidson County in 1963. </li> <li id="cite_note-fifteen-140">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fifteen_140-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fifteen_140-1">b</a> From 15% sample </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> Excluding the increase between <a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a> and <a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a>, which was mostly due to the consolidation of the governments of Nashville and Davidson County </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPeter2020" class="citation web cs1">Peter, Kris (August 6, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunlightliving.com/nashvegas/">"Why Is Nashville Called Nashvegas?"</a>. sunlightliving.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220524021238/https://sunlightliving.com/nashvegas/">Archived</a> from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sunlightliving.com&rft.atitle=Why+Is+Nashville+Called+Nashvegas%3F&rft.date=2020-08-06&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsunlightliving.com%2Fnashvegas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2-13-208-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2-13-208_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawserver.com/law/state/tennessee/tn-code/tennessee_code_2-13-208">"Tennessee Code 2-13-208 – Municipal elections to be nonpartisan"</a>. LawServer.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220206220510/https://www.lawserver.com/law/state/tennessee/tn-code/tennessee_code_2-13-208">Archived</a> from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved February 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LawServer.com&rft.atitle=Tennessee+Code+2-13-208+%E2%80%93+Municipal+elections+to+be+nonpartisan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawserver.com%2Flaw%2Fstate%2Ftennessee%2Ftn-code%2Ftennessee_code_2-13-208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-area_land-4"><a href="#cite_ref-area_land_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150228084942/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US47037">"Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County – County Subdivision and Place: 2010 Census Summary File 1"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US47037">the original</a> on February 28, 2015. 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Retrieved May 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bitter+Southerner&rft.atitle=How+Hot+Chicken+Really+Happened&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Rachel+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbittersoutherner.com%2Fhow-hot-chicken-really-happened%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tennesseanobit-42"><a href="#cite_ref-tennesseanobit_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/119557576/?terms=%22John%2BW.%2BMorton%22">"John W. Morton Passes Away in Shelby"</a>. The Tennessean. November 21, 1914. pp. 1–2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008185807/https://www.newspapers.com/image/119557576/?terms=%22John%2BW.%2BMorton%22">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved September 25, 2016 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>. <q>To Captain Morton came the peculiar distinction of having organized that branch of the Ku Klux Klan which operated in Nashville and the adjacent territory, but a more signal honor was his when he performed the ceremonies which initiated Gen. <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Bedford_Forrest" title="Nathan Bedford Forrest">Nathan Bedford Forrest</a> into the mysterious ranks of the Ku Klux Klan.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessean&rft.atitle=John+W.+Morton+Passes+Away+in+Shelby&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.date=1914-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F119557576%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522John%252BW.%252BMorton%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/80864273/?terms=lynching">"A Night of Excitement. David Jones, the Murderer of Murray, Taken from the Jail by a Mob. Murderer Offers Resistance, and is Shot Twice. Afterwards Taken to the Public Square and Hanged in Front of the Station House. The Hanging Witnesses by Immense Crowd of Excited Citizens. Efforts of the Mayor to Restore Quiet. Gov. Brown Makes an Appeal in Behalf of Law and Order"</a>. Nashville Union and American. March 26, 1872. p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180504011644/https://www.newspapers.com/image/80864273/?terms=lynching">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2018. Retrieved May 3, 2018 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nashville+Union+and+American&rft.atitle=A+Night+of+Excitement.+David+Jones%2C+the+Murderer+of+Murray%2C+Taken+from+the+Jail+by+a+Mob.+Murderer+Offers+Resistance%2C+and+is+Shot+Twice.+Afterwards+Taken+to+the+Public+Square+and+Hanged+in+Front+of+the+Station+House.+The+Hanging+Witnesses+by+Immense+Crowd+of+Excited+Citizens.+Efforts+of+the+Mayor+to+Restore+Quiet.+Gov.+Brown+Makes+an+Appeal+in+Behalf+of+Law+and+Order.&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1872-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F80864273%2F%3Fterms%3Dlynching&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/39789147/?terms=%22jo%2Breed%22">"A Fearful Outrage. A Negro Murderer Lynched by a Few Citizens in Nashville—A Mob Looking On and Endorsing the Deed. The State Disgraced by a Supine Set of Officers—An Unmitigated Outrage Against Law and Decency. A Crime for Which the Perpetrators Out to be Made to Pay with Their Lives—The Whole State Demands It"</a>. Memphis Daily Appeal. May 3, 1875. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200710230126/https://www.newspapers.com/image/39789147/?terms=%22jo%2Breed%22">Archived</a> from the original on July 10, 2020. Retrieved June 5, 2018 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Memphis+Daily+Appeal&rft.atitle=A+Fearful+Outrage.+A+Negro+Murderer+Lynched+by+a+Few+Citizens+in+Nashville%E2%80%94A+Mob+Looking+On+and+Endorsing+the+Deed.+The+State+Disgraced+by+a+Supine+Set+of+Officers%E2%80%94An+Unmitigated+Outrage+Against+Law+and+Decency.+A+Crime+for+Which+the+Perpetrators+Out+to+be+Made+to+Pay+with+Their+Lives%E2%80%94The+Whole+State+Demands+It.&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1875-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F39789147%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522jo%252Breed%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/118747772/?terms=%22jo%2Breed%22">"Marshall's Exit. A Fast Man's Career, with the Usual Ending. The Little Game He Played on Ex-Collector Peabody. His Address Is Now Somewhere Beyond the Rio Grande. What He Claimed to Know about the Jo Reed Affair"</a>. The American. Nashville, Tennessee. December 25, 1875. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728022300/https://www.newspapers.com/image/118747772/?terms=%22jo%2Breed%22">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved June 5, 2018 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American&rft.atitle=Marshall%27s+Exit.+A+Fast+Man%27s+Career%2C+with+the+Usual+Ending.+The+Little+Game+He+Played+on+Ex-Collector+Peabody.+His+Address+Is+Now+Somewhere+Beyond+the+Rio+Grande.+What+He+Claimed+to+Know+about+the+Jo+Reed+Affair.&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1875-12-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F118747772%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522jo%252Breed%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFII2023" class="citation web cs1">II, Vann R. Newkirk (November 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2023/12/fisk-university-jubilee-singers-choir-history/675813/">"How the Negro Spiritual Changed American Popular Music—And America Itself"</a>. The Atlantic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240302032215/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2023/12/fisk-university-jubilee-singers-choir-history/675813/">Archived</a> from the original on March 2, 2024. Retrieved March 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=How+the+Negro+Spiritual+Changed+American+Popular+Music%E2%80%94And+America+Itself&rft.date=2023-11-13&rft.aulast=II&rft.aufirst=Vann+R.+Newkirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2023%2F12%2Ffisk-university-jubilee-singers-choir-history%2F675813%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fiskjubileesingers.org/about-the-singers/">"About The Fisk Jubilee Singers"</a>. Fisk Jubilee Singers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240302032217/https://fiskjubileesingers.org/about-the-singers/">Archived</a> from the original on March 2, 2024. Retrieved March 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fisk+Jubilee+Singers&rft.atitle=About+The+Fisk+Jubilee+Singers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffiskjubileesingers.org%2Fabout-the-singers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnes1875" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barnes_(American_physician)" title="Joseph Barnes (American physician)">Barnes, Joseph K.</a> (1875). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HwwPAAAAYAAJ">The Cholera Epidemic of 1873 in the United States</a>. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 478 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cholera+Epidemic+of+1873+in+the+United+States&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=478&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1875&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Joseph+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHwwPAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-South/Nashville-History.html">"Nashville: History"</a>. City-data.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008154303/http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-South/Nashville-History.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved September 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City-data.com&rft.atitle=Nashville%3A+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city-data.com%2Fus-cities%2FThe-South%2FNashville-History.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-richmondthemobhaditsway-50"><a href="#cite_ref-richmondthemobhaditsway_50-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/246663111/?terms=%22ephraim%2Bgrizzard%22">"The Mob Had Its Way. Ephraim Grizzard Taken from Jail at Nashville and Lynched"</a>. The Richmond Item. Richmond, Virginia. May 2, 1892. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728022306/https://www.newspapers.com/image/246663111/?terms=%22ephraim%2Bgrizzard%22">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2018 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Richmond+Item&rft.atitle=The+Mob+Had+Its+Way.+Ephraim+Grizzard+Taken+from+Jail+at+Nashville+and+Lynched&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1892-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F246663111%2F%3Fterms%3D%2522ephraim%252Bgrizzard%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wellsuniedstatesatrocities-51"><a href="#cite_ref-wellsuniedstatesatrocities_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells1892" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Wells" title="Ida B. Wells">Wells, Ida Bell</a> (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.beal/usatro0001&i=17">United States Atrocities: Lynch Law</a>. "Lux" Newspaper and Publishing. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/60222131">60222131</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180428012016/http://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.beal/usatro0001&i=17">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2018. Retrieved April 27, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+States+Atrocities%3A+Lynch+Law&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=%22Lux%22+Newspaper+and+Publishing&rft.date=1892&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F60222131%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Ida+Bell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FP%3Fh%3Dhein.beal%2Fusatro0001%26i%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171023063004/https://eji.org/sites/default/files/lynching-in-america-third-edition-summary.pdf">"Lynching in America: Confronting the Legacy of Racial Terror. Supplement: Lynchings by County"</a> (PDF). Equal Justice Initiative (3rd ed.). 2017. p. 9. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eji.org/sites/default/files/lynching-in-america-third-edition-summary.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 23, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Equal+Justice+Initiative&rft.atitle=Lynching+in+America%3A+Confronting+the+Legacy+of+Racial+Terror.+Supplement%3A+Lynchings+by+County&rft.pages=9&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feji.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Flynching-in-america-third-edition-summary.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-simpson29-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-simpson29_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-simpson29_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson2003" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, John A. (2003). Edith D. Pope and Her Nashville Friends: Guardians of the Lost Cause in the Confederate Veteran. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. pp. 29–31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-211-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-211-9"><bdi>978-1-57233-211-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/428118511">428118511</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edith+D.+Pope+and+Her+Nashville+Friends%3A+Guardians+of+the+Lost+Cause+in+the+Confederate+Veteran&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E31&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F428118511&rft.isbn=978-1-57233-211-9&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-goffjstorarticle-54"><a href="#cite_ref-goffjstorarticle_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoff1972" class="citation journal cs1">Goff, Reda C. (Spring 1972). "The Confederate Veteran Magazine". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 31 (1): 45–60. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42623281">42623281</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tennessee+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Confederate+Veteran+Magazine&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E60&rft.date=1972&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42623281%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Goff&rft.aufirst=Reda+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson2003" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, John A. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3Dwh0dEOFS8C&q=9781572332119&pg=PA75">Edith D. Pope and Her Nashville Friends: Guardians of the Lost Cause in the Confederate Veteran</a>. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-211-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-211-9"><bdi>978-1-57233-211-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/428118511">428118511</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edith+D.+Pope+and+Her+Nashville+Friends%3A+Guardians+of+the+Lost+Cause+in+the+Confederate+Veteran&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F428118511&rft.isbn=978-1-57233-211-9&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=John+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3Dwh0dEOFS8C%26q%3D9781572332119%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tennesseanfootpathbecame-56"><a href="#cite_ref-tennesseanfootpathbecame_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeville2004" class="citation news cs1">Deville, Nancy (June 24, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/244959050">"Footpath became heart of city's black middle class. From '40s to '60s, Jefferson Street among best known music districts in the nation"</a>. The Tennessean. pp. 1, 11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180507085606/http://www.newspapers.com/image/244959050/">Archived</a> from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tennessean&rft.atitle=Footpath+became+heart+of+city%27s+black+middle+class.+From+%2740s+to+%2760s%2C+Jefferson+Street+among+best+known+music+districts+in+the+nation&rft.pages=1%2C+11&rft.date=2004-06-24&rft.aulast=Deville&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F244959050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/nashville-country-music-capital-of-the-world/MAES5BENW4PUSZL3HQYQ5IP7RQ/">"Nashville: Country music capital of the world"</a>. NZ Herald. March 2, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201226043021/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/nashville-country-music-capital-of-the-world/MAES5BENW4PUSZL3HQYQ5IP7RQ/">Archived</a> from the original on December 26, 2020. Retrieved March 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NZ+Herald&rft.atitle=Nashville%3A+Country+music+capital+of+the+world&rft.date=2024-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Ftravel%2Fnashville-country-music-capital-of-the-world%2FMAES5BENW4PUSZL3HQYQ5IP7RQ%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenator_&_William_Frist2000" class="citation web cs1">Senator & William Frist, Senator Fred Thompson-- Collector (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/legacies/loc.afc.afc-legacies.200003532/">"Grand Ole Opry"</a>. lcweb2.loc.gov. Retrieved March 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lcweb2.loc.gov&rft.atitle=Grand+Ole+Opry&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Senator+%26+William+Frist&rft.aufirst=Senator+Fred+Thompson--+Collector&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fdiglib%2Flegacies%2Floc.afc.afc-legacies.200003532%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> Spinney 1998, p. 96 </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByworth2006" class="citation book cs1">Byworth, Tony (2006). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Country Music. London: Flame Tree Publishing. pp. 115–117, 169. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84451-406-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84451-406-9"><bdi>978-1-84451-406-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Country+Music&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E115-%3C%2Fspan%3E117%2C+169&rft.pub=London%3A+Flame+Tree+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84451-406-9&rft.aulast=Byworth&rft.aufirst=Tony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawidoff1997" class="citation book cs1">Dawidoff, Nicholas (March 10, 1997). In the Country of Country. Great Britain: Faber and Faber. pp. 48–50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-571-19174-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-571-19174-6"><bdi>0-571-19174-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Country+of+Country&rft.place=Great+Britain&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E48-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=1997-03-10&rft.isbn=0-571-19174-6&rft.aulast=Dawidoff&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bucy-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bucy_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bucy_62-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bucy_62-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBucy2015" class="citation web cs1">Bucy, Carole (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150125023240/http://www.nashville.gov/Portals/0/SiteContent/Government/docs/MetroHistoryBucy.pdf">"A Short History of the Creation of Metropolitan Government for Nashville-Davidson County"</a> (PDF). Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nashville.gov/Portals/0/SiteContent/Government/docs/MetroHistoryBucy.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on January 25, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+the+Creation+of+Metropolitan+Government+for+Nashville-Davidson+County&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Government+of+Nashville+and+Davidson+County&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Bucy&rft.aufirst=Carole&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nashville.gov%2FPortals%2F0%2FSiteContent%2FGovernment%2Fdocs%2FMetroHistoryBucy.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> Houston 2012, p. 91-99 </li> <li id="cite_note-oshkoshblastwreckshome-64"><a href="#cite_ref-oshkoshblastwreckshome_64-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14347170/blast-wrecks-home-of-nashville-negro/">"Blast Wrecks Home Of Nashville Negro Lawyer"</a>. The Oshkosh Northwestern. Oshkosh, Wisconsin. United Press International. April 19, 1960. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201226042943/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14347170/blast-wrecks-home-of-nashville-negro/">Archived</a> from the original on December 26, 2020. 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Benton Harbor, Michigan. Associated Press. April 20, 1960. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201226042943/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60788427/nashvilles-mayor-for-integration/">Archived</a> from the original on December 26, 2020. 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Retrieved October 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consulate-General+of+Japan+in+Nashville&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nashville.us.emb-japan.go.jp%2Fitprtop_en%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnes1974" class="citation book cs1">Barnes, Melville Marshall (1974) [1st pub. Foster & Webb, 1902]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biographicalske00nash">Biographical Sketches and Pictures of Company B, Confederate Veterans of Nashville, Tenn</a>. Illustrated by Giers' Art Gallery. Brentwood, Tennessee: Beverly Pearson Barnes.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Sketches+and+Pictures+of+Company+B%2C+Confederate+Veterans+of+Nashville%2C+Tenn.&rft.place=Brentwood%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Beverly+Pearson+Barnes&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Melville+Marshall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbiographicalske00nash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarey2000" class="citation book cs1">Carey, Bill (2000). Fortunes, Fiddles, & Fried Chicken: A Nashville Business History. Franklin, Tennessee: Hillsboro Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57736-178-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-57736-178-4"><bdi>1-57736-178-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fortunes%2C+Fiddles%2C+%26+Fried+Chicken%3A+A+Nashville+Business+History&rft.place=Franklin%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Hillsboro+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-57736-178-4&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuke2005" class="citation book cs1">Duke, Jan (2005). Historic Photos of Nashville. Nashville, Tennessee: Turner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59652-184-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59652-184-1"><bdi>978-1-59652-184-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+Photos+of+Nashville&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Turner&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-59652-184-1&rft.aulast=Duke&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurham2008" class="citation book cs1">Durham, Walter T (2008). Nashville: The Occupied City, 1862–1863. Knoxville, Tennessee: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tennessee_Press" title="University of Tennessee Press">University of Tennessee Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-633-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-633-9"><bdi>978-1-57233-633-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nashville%3A+The+Occupied+City%2C+1862%E2%80%931863&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-57233-633-9&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=Walter+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurham2008" class="citation book cs1">Durham, Walter T (2008). Reluctant Partners: Nashville and the Union, 1863–1865. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-634-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-634-6"><bdi>978-1-57233-634-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reluctant+Partners%3A+Nashville+and+the+Union%2C+1863%E2%80%931865&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-57233-634-6&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=Walter+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgerton1979" class="citation book cs1">Egerton, John; et al., eds. (1979). Nashville: The Faces of Two Centuries, 1780–1980. Nashville, Tennessee: PlusMedia. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/79089173">79089173</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/5875892">5875892</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nashville%3A+The+Faces+of+Two+Centuries%2C+1780%E2%80%931980&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=PlusMedia&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F5875892&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F79089173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgerton2001" class="citation book cs1">Egerton, John; et al., eds. (2001). Nashville: An American Self-Portrait. Nashville, Tennessee: Beaten Biscuit. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9706702-1-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-9706702-1-4"><bdi>0-9706702-1-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nashville%3A+An+American+Self-Portrait&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Beaten+Biscuit&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-9706702-1-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaugen2009" class="citation book cs1">Haugen, Ashley D (2009). Historic Photos of Nashville in the 50s, 60s and 70s. Nashville, Tennessee: Turner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59652-539-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59652-539-9"><bdi>978-1-59652-539-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+Photos+of+Nashville+in+the+50s%2C+60s+and+70s&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Turner&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-59652-539-9&rft.aulast=Haugen&rft.aufirst=Ashley+D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouston2012" class="citation book cs1">Houston, Benjamin (2012). The Nashville Way: Racial Etiquette and the Struggle for Social Justice in a Southern City. Athens: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia_Press" title="University of Georgia Press">University of Georgia Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8203-4327-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8203-4327-3"><bdi>978-0-8203-4327-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Nashville+Way%3A+Racial+Etiquette+and+the+Struggle+for+Social+Justice+in+a+Southern+City&rft.place=Athens&rft.pub=University+of+Georgia+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8203-4327-3&rft.aulast=Houston&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLovett1999" class="citation book cs1">Lovett, Bobby L (1999). African-American History of Nashville, Tennessee, 1780–1930: Elites and Dilemmas. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas_Press" title="University of Arkansas Press">University of Arkansas Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55728-555-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-55728-555-1"><bdi>1-55728-555-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=African-American+History+of+Nashville%2C+Tennessee%2C+1780%E2%80%931930%3A+Elites+and+Dilemmas&rft.pub=University+of+Arkansas+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-55728-555-1&rft.aulast=Lovett&rft.aufirst=Bobby+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuire2007" class="citation book cs1">McGuire, Jim (2007). Historic Photos of the Opry: Ryman Auditorium, 1974. Nashville, Tennessee: Turner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59652-373-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59652-373-9"><bdi>978-1-59652-373-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historic+Photos+of+the+Opry%3A+Ryman+Auditorium%2C+1974&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Turner&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-59652-373-9&rft.aulast=McGuire&rft.aufirst=Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotter2008" class="citation book cs1">Potter, Susanna H (2008). Nashville & Memphis. Moon Handbooks. Berkeley, California: Avalon Travel. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59880-102-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59880-102-6"><bdi>978-1-59880-102-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nashville+%26+Memphis&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.series=Moon+Handbooks&rft.pub=Avalon+Travel&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-59880-102-6&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=Susanna+H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomine2006" class="citation book cs1">Romine, Linda (2006). Nashville & Memphis. Frommer Guides (7th ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Frommer's. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-77614-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-77614-9"><bdi>0-471-77614-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nashville+%26+Memphis&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+New+Jersey&rft.series=Frommer+Guides&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=Frommer%27s&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-471-77614-9&rft.aulast=Romine&rft.aufirst=Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpinney1998" class="citation book cs1">Spinney, Robert Guy (May 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hFHsJ3Cv8p0C">World War II in Nashville: Transformation of the Homefront</a>. Knoxville, Tennessee: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tennessee_Press" title="University of Tennessee Press">University of Tennessee Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-004-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57233-004-7"><bdi>978-1-57233-004-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+War+II+in+Nashville%3A+Transformation+of+the+Homefront&rft.place=Knoxville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=1998-05-01&rft.isbn=978-1-57233-004-7&rft.aulast=Spinney&rft.aufirst=Robert+Guy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhFHsJ3Cv8p0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinders2013" class="citation book cs1">Winders, Jamie (2013). Nashville in the New Millennium: Immigrant Settlement, Urban Transformation, and Social Belonging. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61044-802-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61044-802-4"><bdi>978-1-61044-802-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nashville+in+the+New+Millennium%3A+Immigrant+Settlement%2C+Urban+Transformation%2C+and+Social+Belonging&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Russell+Sage+Foundation&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-61044-802-4&rft.aulast=Winders&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWooldridge1890" class="citation book cs1">Wooldridge, John; et al., eds. (1890). History of Nashville, Tennessee. Nashville, Tennessee: Methodist Episcopal Church, South. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/76027605">76027605</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/316211313">316211313</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.place=Nashville%2C+Tennessee&rft.pub=Methodist+Episcopal+Church%2C+South&rft.date=1890&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F316211313&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F76027605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZepp2009" class="citation book cs1">Zepp, George R (2009). Hidden History of Nashville. Charleston, South Carolina: History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59629-792-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59629-792-0"><bdi>978-1-59629-792-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hidden+History+of+Nashville&rft.place=Charleston%2C+South+Carolina&rft.pub=History+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-59629-792-0&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=George+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANashville%2C+Tennessee" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nashville,_Tennessee&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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#aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Nashville, Tennessee at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Nashville, Tennessee">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="c:Nashville, Tennessee">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Nashville, Tennessee">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Nashville, Tennessee">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Nashville, Tennessee">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Nashville, Tennessee">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nashville,_Tennessee" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Nashville, Tennessee">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nashville" class="extiw" title="voy:Nashville">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> <dl><dt>Government</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nashville.gov/">Official website</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitmusiccity.com/">Nashville Convention & Visitors Bureau</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003222351/http://www.visitmusiccity.com/">Archived</a> October 3, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nashvillechamber.com/">Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100106043946/http://www.nashvillechamber.com/">Archived</a> January 6, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100726095748/http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nashvillearchives/index.html">Metropolitan Archives of Nashville and Davidson County</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150615020718/http://www.library.nashville.org/research/res_nash_history_timeline.asp">Nashville/Davidson County timeline</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Nashville_Public_Library" title="Nashville Public Library">Nashville Public Library</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Nashville,_Tennessee39" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Nashville,_Tennessee39" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Nashville, Tennessee</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Tennessee" title="Springfield, Tennessee">Springfield</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hendersonville,_Tennessee" title="Hendersonville, Tennessee">Hendersonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gallatin,_Tennessee" title="Gallatin, Tennessee">Gallatin</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Dickson,_Tennessee" title="Dickson, Tennessee">Dickson</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" />Nashville<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Juliet,_Tennessee" title="Mount Juliet, Tennessee">Mt. Juliet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Tennessee" title="Lebanon, Tennessee">Lebanon</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade,_Tennessee" title="Belle Meade, Tennessee">Belle Meade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bellevue,_Tennessee" title="Bellevue, Tennessee">Bellevue</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_Tennessee" title="Brentwood, Tennessee">Brentwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Tennessee" title="Franklin, Tennessee">Franklin</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Vergne,_Tennessee" title="La Vergne, Tennessee">La Vergne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smyrna,_Tennessee" title="Smyrna, Tennessee">Smyrna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Tennessee" title="Murfreesboro, Tennessee">Murfreesboro</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="City_of_Nashville419" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Template:Nashville, Tennessee"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Template talk:Nashville, Tennessee"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nashville, Tennessee"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="City_of_Nashville419" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">City of Nashville</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Nickname(s): Music City, Athens of the South</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Category:Nashville, Tennessee">About</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="History of Nashville, Tennessee">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Timeline of Nashville, Tennessee">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_Nashville" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies based in Nashville">Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Basin" title="Nashville Basin">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of mayors of Nashville, Tennessee">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of people from Nashville, Tennessee"> People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Media in Nashville, Tennessee">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="List of public art in Nashville, Tennessee">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Public_Schools" title="Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Nashville" title="List of tallest buildings in Nashville">Cityscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Police_Department" title="Metropolitan Nashville Police Department">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighboring cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade,_Tennessee" title="Belle Meade, Tennessee">Belle Meade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Berry Hill, Tennessee">Berry Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Tennessee" title="Forest Hills, Tennessee">Forest Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Oak Hill, Tennessee">Oak Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodlettsville,_Tennessee" title="Goodlettsville, Tennessee">Goodlettsville</a> (partially)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgetop,_Tennessee" title="Ridgetop, Tennessee">Ridgetop</a> (partially)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch,_Tennessee" title="Antioch, Tennessee">Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Hills,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Green Hills, Nashville, Tennessee">Green Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gulch,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="The Gulch, Nashville, Tennessee">The Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage,_Tennessee" title="Hermitage, Tennessee">Hermitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsboro_Village" title="Hillsboro Village">Hillsboro Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Inglewood, Nashville, Tennessee">Inglewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joelton,_Tennessee" title="Joelton, Tennessee">Joelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Tennessee" title="Lakewood, Tennessee">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockeland_Springs" title="Lockeland Springs">Lockeland Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Broadway" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Broadway">Lower Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Tennessee" title="Madison, Tennessee">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Row" title="Music Row">Music Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printer%27s_Alley" title="Printer's Alley">Printer's Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tusculum,_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tusculum, Nashville, Tennessee">Tusculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Meade,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="West Meade, Nashville, Tennessee">West Meade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Category:Buildings and structures in Nashville, Tennessee">Culture and landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/333_Commerce" title="333 Commerce">333 Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belcourt_Theatre" title="Belcourt Theatre">Belcourt Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_Mansion_(Tennessee)" title="Belmont Mansion (Tennessee)">Belmont Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicentennial_Capitol_Mall_State_Park" title="Bicentennial Capitol Mall State Park">Bicentennial Capitol Mall State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluebird_Caf%C3%A9" title="Bluebird Café">Bluebird Café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchanan%27s_Station" title="Buchanan's Station">Buchanan's Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Incarnation_(Nashville,_Tennessee)" title="Cathedral of the Incarnation (Nashville, Tennessee)">Cathedral of the Incarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_(Nashville)" title="Centennial Park (Nashville)">Centennial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheekwood_Botanical_Garden_and_Museum_of_Art" title="Cheekwood Botanical Garden and Museum of Art">Cheekwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_Music_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum">Country Music Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Nashborough" title="Fort Nashborough">Fort Nashborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Negley" title="Fort Negley">Fort Negley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frist_Art_Museum" title="Frist Art Museum">Frist Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Opryland_Resort_%26_Convention_Center" title="Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center">Gaylord Opryland Resort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Ole_Opry" title="Grand Ole Opry">Grand Ole Opry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hermitage_(Nashville,_Tennessee)" title="The Hermitage (Nashville, Tennessee)">The Hermitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_K._Johnson_Rehabilitation_Center" title="Debra K. Johnson Rehabilitation Center">Debra K. Johnson Rehabilitation Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_%26_Casualty_Tower" title="Life & Casualty Tower">Life & Casualty Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loveless_Cafe" title="Loveless Cafe">Loveless Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_City_Center" title="Music City Center">Music City Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Row" title="Music Row">Music Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Children%27s_Theatre" title="Nashville Children's Theatre">Nashville Children's Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_City_Cemetery" title="Nashville City Cemetery">Nashville City Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Zoo_at_Grassmere" title="Nashville Zoo at Grassmere">Nashville Zoo at Grassmere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthenon_(Nashville)" title="Parthenon (Nashville)">Parthenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryman_Auditorium" title="Ryman Auditorium">Ryman Auditorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schermerhorn_Symphony_Center" title="Schermerhorn Symphony Center">Schermerhorn Symphony Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_Commercial_District" title="Second Avenue Commercial District">Second Avenue Commercial District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Seigenthaler_Pedestrian_Bridge" title="John Seigenthaler Pedestrian Bridge">John Seigenthaler Pedestrian Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Street_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Street Bridge">Shelby Street Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Station_Inn" title="Station Inn">Station Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Tennessee Performing Arts Center">Tennessee Performing Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Capitol" title="Tennessee State Capitol">Tennessee State Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Museum" title="Tennessee State Museum">Tennessee State Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._Snodgrass_Tennessee_Tower" title="William R. Snodgrass Tennessee Tower">Tennessee Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Station_(Nashville)" title="Union Station (Nashville)">Union Station</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Allen_Arena" title="Allen Arena">Allen Arena</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bridgestone_Arena" title="Bridgestone Arena">Bridgestone Arena</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Sportsplex" title="Centennial Sportsplex">Centennial Sportsplex</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Curb_Event_Center" title="Curb Event Center">Curb Event Center</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dugan_Field" title="Dugan Field">Dugan Field at Marsh Stadium</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/E.S._Rose_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="E.S. Rose Park">E.S. Rose Park</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ezell_Park" title="Ezell Park">Ezell Park</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fairgrounds_Speedway" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairgrounds Speedway">Fairgrounds Speedway</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Fairground_Sports_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessee State Fairground Sports Arena">Fairground Sports Arena</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/FirstBank_Stadium" title="FirstBank Stadium">FirstBank Stadium</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/First_Horizon_Park" title="First Horizon Park">First Horizon Park</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gentry_Complex" title="Gentry Complex">Gentry Center</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Geodis_Park" title="Geodis Park">Geodis Park</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hale_Stadium" title="Hale Stadium">Hale Stadium</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hawkins_Field" title="Hawkins Field">Hawkins Field</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Gymnasium_(Vanderbilt_University)" title="Memorial Gymnasium (Vanderbilt University)">Memorial Gymnasium</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Municipal_Auditorium" title="Nashville Municipal Auditorium">Nashville Municipal Auditorium</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium" title="Nissan Stadium">Nissan Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Greer_Stadium" title="Herschel Greer Stadium">Greer Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McQuiddy_Gym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McQuiddy Gym (page does not exist)">McQuiddy Gym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opryland_USA" title="Opryland USA">Opryland USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starwood_Amphitheatre" title="Starwood Amphitheatre">Starwood Amphitheatre</a></li> <li>Striplin Gym</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulphur_Dell" title="Sulphur Dell">Sulphur Dell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Prison" title="Tennessee State Prison">Tennessee State Prison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges & universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Baptist_College" title="American Baptist College">American Baptist College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquinas_College_(Tennessee)" title="Aquinas College (Tennessee)">Aquinas College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Art_Institute_of_Tennessee_%E2%80%94_Nashville" class="mw-redirect" title="The Art Institute of Tennessee — Nashville">The Art Institute of Tennessee — Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_University" title="Belmont University">Belmont University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_State_Community_College" title="Columbia State Community College">Columbia State Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_University" title="Cumberland University">Cumberland University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daymar_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Daymar Institute">Draughons Junior College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Will_Baptist_Bible_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Free Will Baptist Bible College">Free Will Baptist Bible College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Gupton_College" title="John A. Gupton College">John A. Gupton College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_University" title="Lipscomb University">Lipscomb University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meharry_Medical_College" title="Meharry Medical College">Meharry Medical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee_State_University" title="Middle Tennessee State University">Middle Tennessee State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_School_of_Law" title="Nashville School of Law">Nashville School of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_State_Community_College" title="Nashville State Community College">Nashville State Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27More_College_of_Design" title="O'More College of Design">O'More College of Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strayer_University" title="Strayer University">Strayer University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_University" title="Tennessee State University">Tennessee State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevecca_Nazarene_University" title="Trevecca Nazarene University">Trevecca Nazarene University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Phoenix" title="University of Phoenix">University of Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volunteer_State_Community_College" title="Volunteer State Community College">Volunteer State Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watkins_College_of_Art,_Design_%26_Film" class="mw-redirect" title="Watkins College of Art, Design & Film">Watkins College of Art, Design & Film</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary & secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Nashville_Public_Schools" title="Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools">Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:MNPS" title="Template:MNPS">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_School_for_the_Blind" title="Tennessee School for the Blind">Tennessee School for the Blind</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Presbyterian_Academy" title="Christ Presbyterian Academy">Christ Presbyterian Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ensworth_School" title="The Ensworth School">The Ensworth School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_Academy" title="Lipscomb Academy">Lipscomb Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Christian_School" title="Nashville Christian School">Nashville Christian School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Titans" title="Tennessee Titans">Tennessee Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Predators" title="Nashville Predators">Nashville Predators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Sounds" title="Nashville Sounds">Nashville Sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_SC" title="Nashville SC">Nashville SC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">College</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_Bruins" title="Belmont Bruins">Belmont Bruins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_Bisons" title="Lipscomb Bisons">Lipscomb Bisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_State_Tigers_and_Lady_Tigers" title="Tennessee State Tigers and Lady Tigers">Tennessee State Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Commodores" title="Vanderbilt Commodores">Vanderbilt Commodores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_International_Airport" title="Nashville International Airport">Nashville International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Tune_Airport" title="John C. Tune Airport">John C. Tune Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeGo_Public_Transit" title="WeGo Public Transit">WeGo Public Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WeGo_Star" title="WeGo Star">WeGo Star</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_metropolitan_area" title="Nashville metropolitan area">Nashville Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Davidson_County,_Tennessee,_United_States425" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Template:Davidson County, Tennessee"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Template talk:Davidson County, Tennessee"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Davidson County, Tennessee"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Davidson_County,_Tennessee,_United_States425" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson County, Tennessee</a>, United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seat</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Meade,_Tennessee" title="Belle Meade, Tennessee">Belle Meade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Berry Hill, Tennessee">Berry Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Tennessee" title="Forest Hills, Tennessee">Forest Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodlettsville,_Tennessee" title="Goodlettsville, Tennessee">Goodlettsville</a>‡</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nashville-Davidson_(balance),_Tennessee" title="Nashville-Davidson (balance), Tennessee">balance</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nolensville,_Tennessee" title="Nolensville, Tennessee">Nolensville</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill,_Tennessee" title="Oak Hill, Tennessee">Oak Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridgetop,_Tennessee" title="Ridgetop, Tennessee">Ridgetop</a>‡</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Davidson_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Davidson_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Davidson_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Davidson_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Davidson_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Davidson_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3907" data-file-height="958" /><figcaption>Davidson County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch,_Tennessee" title="Antioch, Tennessee">Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakers,_Tennessee" title="Bakers, Tennessee">Bakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellevue,_Tennessee" title="Bellevue, Tennessee">Bellevue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donelson,_Tennessee" title="Donelson, Tennessee">Donelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="East Nashville, Tennessee">East Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Hills,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Green Hills, Nashville, Tennessee">Green Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage,_Tennessee" title="Hermitage, Tennessee">Hermitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopewell,_Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Hopewell, Davidson County, Tennessee">Hopewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Inglewood, Nashville, Tennessee">Inglewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joelton,_Tennessee" title="Joelton, Tennessee">Joelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood,_Tennessee" title="Lakewood, Tennessee">Lakewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockeland_Springs" title="Lockeland Springs">Lockeland Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Tennessee" title="Madison, Tennessee">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Hickory,_Tennessee" title="Old Hickory, Tennessee">Old Hickory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasquo,_Tennessee" title="Pasquo, Tennessee">Pasquo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gulch,_Nashville,_Tennessee" title="The Gulch, Nashville, Tennessee">The Gulch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tusculum,_Nashville,_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tusculum, Nashville, Tennessee">Tusculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whites_Creek,_Tennessee" title="Whites Creek, Tennessee">Whites Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/NRHP" class="mw-redirect" title="NRHP">NRHP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee">National Register of Historic Places listings in Davidson County, Tennessee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tennessee_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Tennessee (state)">Tennessee portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nashville_metropolitan_area71" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nashville_Metro" title="Template:Nashville Metro"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nashville_Metro" title="Template talk:Nashville Metro"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nashville_Metro" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nashville Metro"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nashville_metropolitan_area71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nashville_metropolitan_area" title="Nashville metropolitan area">Nashville metropolitan area</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Principal city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Metro_Nashville.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Nashville Metropolitan area"><img alt="Map of the Nashville Metropolitan area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Metro_Nashville.png/150px-Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Metro_Nashville.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Metro_Nashville.png/225px-Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Metro_Nashville.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Map_of_Tennessee_highlighting_Metro_Nashville.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="75" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Tennessee" title="Murfreesboro, Tennessee">Murfreesboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Tennessee" title="Franklin, Tennessee">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentwood,_Tennessee" title="Brentwood, Tennessee">Brentwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendersonville,_Tennessee" title="Hendersonville, Tennessee">Hendersonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Tennessee" title="Lebanon, Tennessee">Lebanon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_County,_Tennessee" title="Rutherford County, Tennessee">Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_County,_Tennessee" title="Robertson County, Tennessee">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumner_County,_Tennessee" title="Sumner County, Tennessee">Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_County,_Tennessee" title="Wilson County, Tennessee">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maury_County,_Tennessee" title="Maury County, Tennessee">Maury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_County,_Tennessee" title="Cannon County, Tennessee">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheatham_County,_Tennessee" title="Cheatham County, Tennessee">Cheatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickson_County,_Tennessee" title="Dickson County, Tennessee">Dickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macon_County,_Tennessee" title="Macon County, Tennessee">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_County,_Tennessee" title="Smith County, Tennessee">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trousdale_County,_Tennessee" title="Trousdale County, Tennessee">Trousdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamson_County,_Tennessee" title="Williamson County, Tennessee">Williamson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Tennessee599" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tennessee" title="Template:Tennessee"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tennessee" title="Template talk:Tennessee"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tennessee" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tennessee"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Tennessee599" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Tennessee" title="Category:Tennessee">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Tennessee" title="Abortion in Tennessee">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Tennessee" title="Cannabis in Tennessee">Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Tennessee" title="Climate change in Tennessee">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_of_Tennessee" title="Name of Tennessee">Name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tennessee" title="History of Tennessee">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Tennessee" title="Outline of Tennessee">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tennessee" title="Geography of Tennessee">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Tennessee" title="Gun laws in Tennessee">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Tennessee">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Tennessee" title="List of people from Tennessee">Tennesseans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Tennessee" title="African Americans in Tennessee">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Tennessee">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Tennessee" title="Category:Mass media in Tennessee">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Tennessee" title="List of newspapers in Tennessee">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Tennessee" title="List of radio stations in Tennessee">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Tennessee" title="List of television stations in Tennessee">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Tennessee" title="Constitution of Tennessee">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Tennessee" title="Elections in Tennessee">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Tennessee" title="List of governors of Tennessee">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee">Lieutenant Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_General_Assembly" title="Tennessee General Assembly">General Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Supreme_Court" title="Tennessee Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Military_Department" title="Tennessee Military Department">Tennessee National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_Tennessee" title="List of law enforcement agencies in Tennessee">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tennessee_state_symbols" title="List of Tennessee state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Tennessee" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Tennessee">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Tennessee" title="List of colleges and universities in Tennessee">Colleges and universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Tennessee" title="Crime in Tennessee">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Tennessee" title="Demographics of Tennessee">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tennessee" title="Economy of Tennessee">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Tennessee" title="Education in Tennessee">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Tennessee" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Tennessee">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tennessee" title="Music of Tennessee">Music</a></li> <li>Media <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Tennessee" title="List of newspapers in Tennessee">newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Tennessee" title="List of radio stations in Tennessee">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Tennessee" title="List of television stations in Tennessee">TV</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Divisions_of_Tennessee" title="Grand Divisions of Tennessee">Grand Divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Tennessee" title="East Tennessee">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Tennessee" title="Middle Tennessee">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Tennessee" title="West Tennessee">West</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Mountains" title="Blue Ridge Mountains">Blue Ridge Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Mountains" title="Cumberland Mountains">Cumberland Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Plateau" title="Cumberland Plateau">Cumberland Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Appalachian_Valley" title="Great Appalachian Valley">Great Appalachian Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Rim" title="Highland Rim">Highland Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Alluvial_Plain" title="Mississippi Alluvial Plain">Mississippi Alluvial Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_embayment" title="Mississippi embayment">Mississippi embayment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Basin" title="Nashville Basin">Nashville Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridge-and-Valley_Appalachians" title="Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians">Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley" title="Tennessee Valley">Tennessee Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-Cities,_Tennessee" title="Tri-Cities, Tennessee">Tri-Cities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Tennessee" title="List of municipalities in Tennessee">Largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Tennessee" title="Murfreesboro, Tennessee">Murfreesboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Tennessee" title="Franklin, Tennessee">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Tennessee" title="Johnson City, Tennessee">Johnson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Tennessee" title="Jackson, Tennessee">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendersonville,_Tennessee" title="Hendersonville, Tennessee">Hendersonville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_of_Tennessee" title="List of metropolitan areas of Tennessee">Metropolitan areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chattanooga_metropolitan_area" title="Chattanooga metropolitan area">Chattanooga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville_metropolitan_area" title="Clarksville metropolitan area">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_metropolitan_area,_Tennessee" title="Cleveland metropolitan area, Tennessee">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_metropolitan_area,_Tennessee" title="Jackson metropolitan area, Tennessee">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_City_metropolitan_area,_Tennessee" title="Johnson City metropolitan area, Tennessee">Johnson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsport%E2%80%93Bristol%E2%80%93Bristol_metropolitan_area" title="Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol metropolitan area">Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoxville_metropolitan_area" title="Knoxville metropolitan area">Knoxville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_metropolitan_area" title="Memphis metropolitan area">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morristown_metropolitan_area" title="Morristown metropolitan area">Morristown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_metropolitan_area" title="Nashville metropolitan area">Nashville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">Combined statistical areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chattanooga%E2%80%93Cleveland%E2%80%93Dalton_combined_statistical_area" title="Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton combined statistical area">Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Micropolitan_statistical_area" title="Micropolitan statistical area">Micropolitan areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cookeville_micropolitan_area" title="Cookeville micropolitan area">Cookeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullahoma%E2%80%93Manchester_micropolitan_area" title="Tullahoma–Manchester micropolitan area">Tullahoma–Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_City_micropolitan_area,_Tennessee" title="Union City micropolitan area, Tennessee">Union City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Tennessee" title="List of counties in Tennessee">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_County,_Tennessee" title="Anderson County, Tennessee">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_County,_Tennessee" title="Bedford County, Tennessee">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_County,_Tennessee" title="Benton County, Tennessee">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledsoe_County,_Tennessee" title="Bledsoe County, Tennessee">Bledsoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blount_County,_Tennessee" title="Blount County, Tennessee">Blount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_County,_Tennessee" title="Bradley County, Tennessee">Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Tennessee" title="Campbell County, Tennessee">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_County,_Tennessee" title="Cannon County, Tennessee">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Tennessee" title="Carroll County, Tennessee">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_County,_Tennessee" title="Carter County, Tennessee">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheatham_County,_Tennessee" title="Cheatham County, Tennessee">Cheatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_County,_Tennessee" title="Chester County, Tennessee">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_County,_Tennessee" title="Claiborne County, Tennessee">Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_County,_Tennessee" title="Clay County, Tennessee">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocke_County,_Tennessee" title="Cocke County, Tennessee">Cocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_County,_Tennessee" title="Coffee County, Tennessee">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crockett_County,_Tennessee" title="Crockett County, Tennessee">Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_County,_Tennessee" title="Cumberland County, Tennessee">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson_County,_Tennessee" title="Davidson County, Tennessee">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur_County,_Tennessee" title="Decatur County, Tennessee">Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeKalb_County,_Tennessee" title="DeKalb County, Tennessee">DeKalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickson_County,_Tennessee" title="Dickson County, Tennessee">Dickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyer_County,_Tennessee" title="Dyer County, Tennessee">Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayette_County,_Tennessee" title="Fayette County, Tennessee">Fayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fentress_County,_Tennessee" title="Fentress County, Tennessee">Fentress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Tennessee" title="Franklin County, Tennessee">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibson_County,_Tennessee" title="Gibson County, Tennessee">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giles_County,_Tennessee" title="Giles County, Tennessee">Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grainger_County,_Tennessee" title="Grainger County, Tennessee">Grainger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Tennessee" title="Greene County, Tennessee">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grundy_County,_Tennessee" title="Grundy County, Tennessee">Grundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamblen_County,_Tennessee" title="Hamblen County, Tennessee">Hamblen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_County,_Tennessee" title="Hamilton County, Tennessee">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hancock_County,_Tennessee" title="Hancock County, Tennessee">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardeman_County,_Tennessee" title="Hardeman County, Tennessee">Hardeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardin_County,_Tennessee" title="Hardin County, Tennessee">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkins_County,_Tennessee" title="Hawkins County, Tennessee">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haywood_County,_Tennessee" title="Haywood County, Tennessee">Haywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_County,_Tennessee" title="Henderson County, Tennessee">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_County,_Tennessee" title="Henry County, Tennessee">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickman_County,_Tennessee" title="Hickman County, Tennessee">Hickman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_County,_Tennessee" title="Houston County, Tennessee">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphreys_County,_Tennessee" title="Humphreys County, Tennessee">Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Tennessee" title="Jackson County, Tennessee">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Tennessee" title="Jefferson County, Tennessee">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Tennessee" title="Johnson County, Tennessee">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_County,_Tennessee" title="Knox County, Tennessee">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_County,_Tennessee" title="Lake County, Tennessee">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauderdale_County,_Tennessee" title="Lauderdale County, Tennessee">Lauderdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_County,_Tennessee" title="Lawrence County, Tennessee">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_County,_Tennessee" title="Lewis County, Tennessee">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Tennessee" title="Lincoln County, Tennessee">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loudon_County,_Tennessee" title="Loudon County, Tennessee">Loudon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macon_County,_Tennessee" title="Macon County, Tennessee">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Tennessee" title="Madison County, Tennessee">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Tennessee" title="Marion County, Tennessee">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_County,_Tennessee" title="Marshall County, Tennessee">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maury_County,_Tennessee" title="Maury County, Tennessee">Maury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMinn_County,_Tennessee" title="McMinn County, Tennessee">McMinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McNairy_County,_Tennessee" title="McNairy County, Tennessee">McNairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meigs_County,_Tennessee" title="Meigs County, Tennessee">Meigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Tennessee" title="Monroe County, Tennessee">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Tennessee" title="Montgomery County, Tennessee">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moore_County,_Tennessee" title="Moore County, Tennessee">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_County,_Tennessee" title="Morgan County, Tennessee">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obion_County,_Tennessee" title="Obion County, Tennessee">Obion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overton_County,_Tennessee" title="Overton County, Tennessee">Overton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_County,_Tennessee" title="Perry County, Tennessee">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickett_County,_Tennessee" title="Pickett County, Tennessee">Pickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polk_County,_Tennessee" title="Polk County, Tennessee">Polk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putnam_County,_Tennessee" title="Putnam County, Tennessee">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_County,_Tennessee" title="Rhea County, Tennessee">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roane_County,_Tennessee" title="Roane County, Tennessee">Roane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertson_County,_Tennessee" title="Robertson County, Tennessee">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_County,_Tennessee" title="Rutherford County, Tennessee">Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Tennessee" title="Scott County, Tennessee">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequatchie_County,_Tennessee" title="Sequatchie County, Tennessee">Sequatchie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevier_County,_Tennessee" title="Sevier County, Tennessee">Sevier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_County,_Tennessee" title="Shelby County, Tennessee">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_County,_Tennessee" title="Smith County, Tennessee">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_County,_Tennessee" title="Stewart County, Tennessee">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_County,_Tennessee" title="Sullivan County, Tennessee">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumner_County,_Tennessee" title="Sumner County, Tennessee">Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipton_County,_Tennessee" title="Tipton County, Tennessee">Tipton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trousdale_County,_Tennessee" title="Trousdale County, Tennessee">Trousdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicoi_County,_Tennessee" title="Unicoi County, Tennessee">Unicoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_County,_Tennessee" title="Union County, Tennessee">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Buren_County,_Tennessee" title="Van Buren County, Tennessee">Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Tennessee" title="Warren County, Tennessee">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Tennessee" title="Washington County, Tennessee">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Tennessee" title="Wayne County, Tennessee">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weakley_County,_Tennessee" title="Weakley County, Tennessee">Weakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_County,_Tennessee" title="White County, Tennessee">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamson_County,_Tennessee" title="Williamson County, Tennessee">Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_County,_Tennessee" title="Wilson County, Tennessee">Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/32px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/48px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/64px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Tennessee" title="Portal:Tennessee">Tennessee portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction87" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_state_capitals" title="Template:US state capitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_state_capitals" title="Template talk:US state capitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_state_capitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US state capitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction87" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capitals of the United States by jurisdiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> Nation: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a> <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> States: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">AL</a> <a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">AK</a> <a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Alaska" title="Juneau, Alaska">Juneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">AZ</a> <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">AR</a> <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a> <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">CO</a> <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">CT</a> <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">DE</a> <a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">FL</a> <a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">GA</a> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">HI</a> <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">ID</a> <a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">IL</a> <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">IN</a> <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">IA</a> <a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">KS</a> <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">KY</a> <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">LA</a> <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">ME</a> <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">MD</a> <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">MA</a> <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">MI</a> <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">MN</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">MS</a> <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">MO</a> <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">MT</a> <a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">NE</a> <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">NV</a> <a href="/wiki/Carson_City,_Nevada" title="Carson City, Nevada">Carson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">NH</a> <a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">NJ</a> <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">NM</a> <a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">NY</a> <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">NC</a> <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a> <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">OH</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">OK</a> <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">OR</a> <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oregon" title="Salem, Oregon">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">PA</a> <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">RI</a> <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">SC</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">SD</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">TN</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">TX</a> <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">UT</a> <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">VT</a> <a href="/wiki/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">VA</a> <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">WA</a> <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Washington" title="Olympia, Washington">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">WV</a> <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">WI</a> <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">WY</a> <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne,_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne</a></li></ul> Territories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">AS</a> <a href="/wiki/Pago_Pago" class="mw-redirect" title="Pago Pago">Pago Pago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">GU</a> <a href="/wiki/Hag%C3%A5t%C3%B1a,_Guam" title="Hagåtña, Guam">Hagåtña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">MP</a> <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">PR</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">VI</a> <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Amalie,_U.S._Virgin_Islands" title="Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands">Charlotte Amalie</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States187" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USPopulousCities" title="Template talk:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USPopulousCities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_100_most_populous_cities_of_the_United_States187" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">100 most populous cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, Massachusetts</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="26"> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita,_Kansas" title="Wichita, Kansas">Wichita, Kansas</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="51"> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado" title="Aurora, Colorado">Aurora, Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans, Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaheim,_California" title="Anaheim, California">Anaheim, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Nevada" title="Henderson, Nevada">Henderson, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside,_California" title="Riverside, California">Riverside, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky" title="Lexington, Kentucky">Lexington, Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvine,_California" title="Irvine, California">Irvine, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California" title="Santa Ana, California">Santa Ana, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greensboro,_North_Carolina" title="Greensboro, North Carolina">Greensboro, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_North_Carolina" title="Durham, North Carolina">Durham, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchorage,_Alaska" title="Anchorage, Alaska">Anchorage, Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis, Missouri</a></li> </ol> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ol start="76"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona" title="Chandler, Arizona">Chandler, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Las_Vegas,_Nevada" title="North Las Vegas, Nevada">North Las Vegas, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_California" title="Chula Vista, California">Chula Vista, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert,_Arizona" title="Gilbert, Arizona">Gilbert, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reno,_Nevada" title="Reno, Nevada">Reno, Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">Fort Wayne, Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake,_Virginia" title="Chesapeake, Virginia">Chesapeake, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona" title="Glendale, Arizona">Glendale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston-Salem,_North_Carolina" title="Winston-Salem, North Carolina">Winston-Salem, North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona" title="Scottsdale, Arizona">Scottsdale, Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garland,_Texas" title="Garland, Texas">Garland, Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_St._Lucie,_Florida" title="Port St. Lucie, Florida">Port St. Lucie, Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane, Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont,_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville, Alabama</a></li> </ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Cities ranked by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a> population estimates for July 1, 2022.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Tennessee33" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tennessee_county_seats" title="Template:Tennessee county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tennessee_county_seats" title="Template talk:Tennessee county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tennessee_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tennessee county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Tennessee33" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alamo,_Tennessee" title="Alamo, Tennessee">Alamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altamont,_Tennessee" title="Altamont, Tennessee">Altamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland_City,_Tennessee" title="Ashland City, Tennessee">Ashland City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens,_Tennessee" title="Athens, Tennessee">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton,_Tennessee" title="Benton, Tennessee">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blountville,_Tennessee" title="Blountville, Tennessee">Blountville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivar,_Tennessee" title="Bolivar, Tennessee">Bolivar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Tennessee" title="Brownsville, Tennessee">Brownsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byrdstown,_Tennessee" title="Byrdstown, Tennessee">Byrdstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden,_Tennessee" title="Camden, Tennessee">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage,_Tennessee" title="Carthage, Tennessee">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celina,_Tennessee" title="Celina, Tennessee">Celina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centerville,_Tennessee" title="Centerville, Tennessee">Centerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_Tennessee" title="Charlotte, Tennessee">Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Tennessee" title="Clarksville, Tennessee">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton,_Tennessee" title="Clinton, Tennessee">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland,_Tennessee" title="Cleveland, Tennessee">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Tennessee" title="Columbia, Tennessee">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookeville,_Tennessee" title="Cookeville, Tennessee">Cookeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covington,_Tennessee" title="Covington, Tennessee">Covington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossville,_Tennessee" title="Crossville, Tennessee">Crossville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandridge,_Tennessee" title="Dandridge, Tennessee">Dandridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Tennessee" title="Dayton, Tennessee">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur,_Tennessee" title="Decatur, Tennessee">Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decaturville,_Tennessee" title="Decaturville, Tennessee">Decaturville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_Tennessee" title="Dover, Tennessee">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dresden,_Tennessee" title="Dresden, Tennessee">Dresden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlap,_Tennessee" title="Dunlap, Tennessee">Dunlap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyersburg,_Tennessee" title="Dyersburg, Tennessee">Dyersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethton,_Tennessee" title="Elizabethton, Tennessee">Elizabethton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erin,_Tennessee" title="Erin, Tennessee">Erin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin,_Tennessee" title="Erwin, Tennessee">Erwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Tennessee" title="Fayetteville, Tennessee">Fayetteville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Tennessee" title="Franklin, Tennessee">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gainesboro,_Tennessee" title="Gainesboro, Tennessee">Gainesboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallatin,_Tennessee" title="Gallatin, Tennessee">Gallatin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeneville,_Tennessee" title="Greeneville, Tennessee">Greeneville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartsville,_Tennessee" title="Hartsville, Tennessee">Hartsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Tennessee" title="Henderson, Tennessee">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hohenwald,_Tennessee" title="Hohenwald, Tennessee">Hohenwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntingdon,_Tennessee" title="Huntingdon, Tennessee">Huntingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Tennessee" title="Huntsville, Tennessee">Huntsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksboro,_Tennessee" title="Jacksboro, Tennessee">Jacksboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Tennessee" title="Jackson, Tennessee">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Tennessee" title="Jamestown, Tennessee">Jamestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper,_Tennessee" title="Jasper, Tennessee">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonesborough,_Tennessee" title="Jonesborough, Tennessee">Jonesborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Tennessee" title="Kingston, Tennessee">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Tennessee" title="Lafayette, Tennessee">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrenceburg,_Tennessee" title="Lawrenceburg, Tennessee">Lawrenceburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon,_Tennessee" title="Lebanon, Tennessee">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisburg,_Tennessee" title="Lewisburg, Tennessee">Lewisburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Tennessee" title="Lexington, Tennessee">Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Tennessee" title="Linden, Tennessee">Linden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Tennessee" title="Livingston, Tennessee">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loudon,_Tennessee" title="Loudon, Tennessee">Loudon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynchburg,_Tennessee" title="Lynchburg, Tennessee">Lynchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Tennessee" title="Madisonville, Tennessee">Madisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_Tennessee" title="Manchester, Tennessee">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryville,_Tennessee" title="Maryville, Tennessee">Maryville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynardville,_Tennessee" title="Maynardville, Tennessee">Maynardville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMinnville,_Tennessee" title="McMinnville, Tennessee">McMinville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morristown,_Tennessee" title="Morristown, Tennessee">Morristown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_City,_Tennessee" title="Mountain City, Tennessee">Mountain City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murfreesboro,_Tennessee" title="Murfreesboro, Tennessee">Murfreesboro</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport,_Tennessee" title="Newport, Tennessee">Newport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris,_Tennessee" title="Paris, Tennessee">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikeville,_Tennessee" title="Pikeville, Tennessee">Pikeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski,_Tennessee" title="Pulaski, Tennessee">Pulaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripley,_Tennessee" title="Ripley, Tennessee">Ripley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogersville,_Tennessee" title="Rogersville, Tennessee">Rogersville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutledge,_Tennessee" title="Rutledge, Tennessee">Rutledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Tennessee" title="Savannah, Tennessee">Savannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selmer,_Tennessee" title="Selmer, Tennessee">Selmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevierville,_Tennessee" title="Sevierville, Tennessee">Sevierville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelbyville,_Tennessee" title="Shelbyville, Tennessee">Shelbyville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithville,_Tennessee" title="Smithville, Tennessee">Smithville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneedville,_Tennessee" title="Sneedville, Tennessee">Sneedville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Tennessee" title="Somerville, Tennessee">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparta,_Tennessee" title="Sparta, Tennessee">Sparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer,_Tennessee" title="Spencer, Tennessee">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Tennessee" title="Springfield, Tennessee">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazewell,_Tennessee" title="Tazewell, Tennessee">Tazewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiptonville,_Tennessee" title="Tiptonville, Tennessee">Tiptonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_Tennessee" title="Trenton, Tennessee">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_City,_Tennessee" title="Union City, Tennessee">Union City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wartburg,_Tennessee" title="Wartburg, Tennessee">Wartburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverly,_Tennessee" title="Waverly, Tennessee">Waverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waynesboro,_Tennessee" title="Waynesboro, Tennessee">Waynesboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Tennessee" title="Winchester, Tennessee">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodbury,_Tennessee" title="Woodbury, Tennessee">Woodbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204195/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39QbtfRCYvtCQc9gYwJbHvFTB">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4102368-7">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78095801">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11963970g">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11963970g">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge118309&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech 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