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Disponibile in 21 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88" title="روبيرت سوينهو - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبيرت سوينهو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8B" title="রবার্ট সুইনহো - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রবার্ট সুইনহো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9B%E3%83%BC" title="ロバート・スウィンホー - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・スウィンホー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Суинхо, Роберт - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суинхо, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Роберт Свайно - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Свайно" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%96%87%E8%B1%AA" title="羅伯特·斯文豪 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅伯特·斯文豪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Robert Swinhoe - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Robert Swinhoe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q468149#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Robert_Swinhoe" rel="discussion" 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hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q468149" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Swinhoe_Robert_1836-1877.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Swinhoe_Robert_1836-1877.png/220px-Swinhoe_Robert_1836-1877.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Swinhoe_Robert_1836-1877.png/330px-Swinhoe_Robert_1836-1877.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Swinhoe_Robert_1836-1877.png 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="539" /></a><figcaption>Robert Swinhoe</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Robert Swinhoe</b> (<a href="/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>, <a href="/wiki/1%C2%BA_settembre" title="1º settembre">1º settembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1836" title="1836">1836</a> – <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a>, <a href="/wiki/28_ottobre" title="28 ottobre">28 ottobre</a> <a href="/wiki/1877" title="1877">1877</a>) è stato un <a href="/wiki/Biologia" title="Biologia">biologo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ornitologia" title="Ornitologia">ornitologo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Zoologia" title="Zoologia">zoologo</a> <a href="/wiki/Inghilterra" title="Inghilterra">inglese</a>. </p><p>Swinhoe nacque a <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>, in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. Nessuna fonte indica la data del suo arrivo in Inghilterra, ma sappiamo che frequentò l'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Londra" title="Università di Londra">Università di Londra</a>, laureandosi in Scienze Biologiche nel 1858 e che nel 1860 si unì ai corpi consolari della <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Cina</a>. Nel 1861 si stabilì nel remoto porto di Amoy, circa 482 chilometri a nordest di <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>. Durante la sua permanenza in questo porto imparò non solo la lingua cinese (sia il <a href="/wiki/Lingua_cinese_standard" title="Lingua cinese standard">cinese</a>, ufficiale, che il locale dialetto Hokkien - Min Nan), ma iniziò un dettagliato e autorevole studio sugli uccelli della Cina orientale. Nel 1861, mentre si trovava ad Amoy, corteggiò e sposò Christina Stronach, figlia di un missionario scozzese. Nel 1863 Swinhoe venne nominato primo rappresentante consolare europeo dell'isola di <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Formosa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>). Una serie di ritardi impedirono di ottenere fisicamente quel posto fino al 1862. In seguito fu console di Amoy, Ningpo e Chefoo, situate tutte quante in Cina continentale. Per varie volte, durante la sua carriera, fu «console itinerante» per conto del plenipotenziario britannico in Cina, Rutherford Alcock. I suoi doveri in questa carica compresero un viaggio di esplorazione della seconda più grande isola della Cina, <a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a>, così come un viaggio lungo il <a href="/wiki/Fiume_Yangtze" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiume Yangtze">fiume Yangtze</a>, fino al <a href="/wiki/Chungking" class="mw-redirect" title="Chungking">Chungking</a>, nella <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Provincia del Szechuan</a>, per dare una mano a determinare la navigabilità delle navi a vapore su quel fiume. Mentre era impegnato nei suoi vari viaggi, mantenne il posto al consolato formosano, e infatti non rinunciò ad esso fino al ritiro dal servizio del suo governo, nel 1873. In Cina, durante il tempo libero, collezionò reperti di storia naturale e, dal momento che l'area non era ancora stata aperta agli occidentali, molte di queste specie erano nuove per la scienza. Essendo soprattutto un <a href="/wiki/Ornitologo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ornitologo">ornitologo</a>, molte delle sue nuove scoperte riguardarono gli <a href="/wiki/Uccelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Uccelli">uccelli</a>, ma scoprì anche nuovi <a href="/wiki/Pesci" class="mw-redirect" title="Pesci">pesci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mammiferi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammiferi">mammiferi</a> ed <a href="/wiki/Insetti" class="mw-redirect" title="Insetti">insetti</a>. Nel 1865 ritornò in Inghilterra con la sua collezione. Molti di questi uccelli vennero descritti per la prima volta in <i>Uccelli dell'Asia</i> di <a href="/wiki/John_Gould" title="John Gould">John Gould</a> (1866). </p><p>Da giovane si era interessato agli uccelli ed aveva una piccola collezione di uccelli britannici, di uova e di nidi. Ebbe una corrispondenza con Henry Stevenson ed una delle sue prime pubblicazioni uscì nel 1858, l'anno in cui <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> ed <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a> pubblicarono i loro scritti sulla selezione naturale. Swinhoe prese a cuore le idee di Darwin e nel 1872 classificò una specie (ora una sottospecie) in onore di Darwin (<i><a href="/wiki/Pucrasia_macrolopha" title="Pucrasia macrolopha">Pucrasia macrolopha darwini</a></i>). Dopo il 1860 pubblicò normalmente su Ibis ed in seguito sulle Procedure della Società Zoologica di Londra. </p><p>Durante i suoi viaggi, oltre a studiare le culture locali, si interessò anche allo studio di uccelli e mammiferi. Nei suoi viaggi raccolse sia esemplari vivi che morti, regolarmente inviati allo Zoo di Londra. Fu lui a spedire in Europa il primo esemplare di <a href="/wiki/Elaphurus_davidianus" title="Elaphurus davidianus">cervo di Padre David</a>. </p><p>Il suo interesse principale, comunque, furono gli uccelli, e su questo argomento corrispose moltissimo con <a href="/wiki/Edward_Blyth" title="Edward Blyth">Edward Blyth</a>. Intorno al 1871 iniziò a soffrire di paralisi parziali e si trasferì a Chefoo, da lui chiamata la <i>Scarborough della Cina</i>. A causa dei suoi problemi di salute fu costretto a lasciare la Cina nell'ottobre 1875. Nella sua casa a Chelsea continuò a pubblicare scritti e la sua ultima pubblicazione su Ibis fu la descrizione di un nuovo genere e specie di uccello, <i>Liocichla steerii</i>. Morì a 41 anni, presumibilmente di <a href="/wiki/Sifilide" title="Sifilide">sifilide</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Philip_Lutley_Sclater" title="Philip Lutley Sclater">P. L. Sclater</a> lo descrisse come <i>uno tra i migliori ed industriosi naturalisti esploratori mai vissuti</i> e dopo la sua morte <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">A. R. Wallace</a> scrisse <i>grazie agli sforzi di Mr. Swinhoe... non ci sono vertebrati a sangue caldo maggiormente conosciuti (ad eccezione di quelli dell'Europa, del Nordamerica e dell'India Britannica) di quelli che vivono nei distretti costieri della Cina e delle sue isole</i>. </p><p>La sua raccolta di 3700 esemplari venne acquistata da Henry Seebohm ed in seguito conservata al Museo di Liverpool. In onore di Swinhoe vennero classificate un gran numero di specie, tra cui ricordiamo il petrello delle tempeste di Swinhoe, descritto per la prima da lui stesso nel 1867. Suo fratello, il Colonnello <a href="/wiki/Charles_Swinhoe" title="Charles Swinhoe">Charles Swinhoe</a>, fu un membro fondatore della Società di Storia Naturale di Bombay, in India. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hall, Philip B. (1987) Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877): A Victorian Naturalist in Treatyport China. The Geographical Journal 153:37-47</li> <li>Collar, N J (2004) Robert Swinhoe. Birding Asia 1:49-53</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Robert Swinhoe"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Swinhoe?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="wikispecies:Robert Swinhoe"><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe?uselang=it">Wikispecies</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Robert_Swinhoe?uselang=it">Robert Swinhoe</a></span></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikispecies"><img alt="Collabora a Wikispecies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/18px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/27px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/36px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="129" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikispecies</a></span> contiene informazioni su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Robert_Swinhoe?uselang=it">Robert Swinhoe</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051231061255/http://home.gwi.net/~pineking/RS/MAINLIST.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Published Writings of Robert Swinhoe</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">home.gwi.net</span>. <small>URL consultato il 27 aprile 2008</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://home.gwi.net/~pineking/RS/MAINLIST.htm">url originale</abbr> il 31 dicembre 2005)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080918234706/http://academic.reed.edu/formosa/texts/swinhoebio.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Biography by Samuel Stephenson</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">academic.reed.edu</span>. <small>URL consultato il 27 aprile 2008</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://academic.reed.edu/formosa/texts/swinhoebio.html">url originale</abbr> il 18 settembre 2008)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/27460884">27460884</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000071465834">0000 0000 7146 5834</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2009066735">n2009066735</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1055355707">1055355707</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-grow: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biografie"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/25px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/38px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg/50px-Crystal_Clear_app_Login_Manager.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Biografie" title="Portale:Biografie">Portale Biografie</a></b>: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di biografie</div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&oldid=137095561">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Swinhoe&oldid=137095561</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Biologi_britannici" title="Categoria:Biologi britannici">Biologi britannici</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ornitologi_britannici" title="Categoria:Ornitologi britannici">Ornitologi britannici</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Zoologi_britannici_del_XIX_secolo" title="Categoria:Zoologi britannici del XIX secolo">Zoologi britannici del XIX secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Biologi_del_XIX_secolo" title="Categoria:Biologi del XIX secolo">Biologi del XIX secolo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_nel_1836" title="Categoria:Nati nel 1836">Nati nel 1836</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Morti_nel_1877" title="Categoria:Morti nel 1877">Morti nel 1877</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_il_1%C2%BA_settembre" title="Categoria:Nati il 1º settembre">Nati il 1º settembre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Morti_il_28_ottobre" title="Categoria:Morti il 28 ottobre">Morti il 28 ottobre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Nati_a_Calcutta" title="Categoria:Nati a Calcutta">Nati a Calcutta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Morti_a_Londra" title="Categoria:Morti a Londra">Morti a Londra</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks 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