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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Đăng nhập</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Trang dành cho người dùng chưa đăng nhập <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u" aria-label="Tìm hiểu thêm về sửa đổi"><span>tìm hiểu thêm</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C3%B3ng_g%C3%B3p_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C3%B4i" title="Danh sách các sửa đổi được thực hiện qua địa chỉ IP này [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Đóng góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_t%C3%B4i" title="Thảo luận với địa chỉ IP này [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thảo luận cho địa chỉ IP 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nội dung</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Đầu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Đặc_điểm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Đặc_điểm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Đặc điểm</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Đặc_điểm-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Hiện/ẩn mục Đặc điểm</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Đặc_điểm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Phản_ứng_hóa_học" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phản_ứng_hóa_học"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Phản ứng hóa học</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phản_ứng_hóa_học-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hydride" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydride"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Hydride</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydride-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oxide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oxide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Oxide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oxide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ghi_chú" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ghi_chú"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ghi chú</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ghi_chú-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tham_khảo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tham_khảo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tham khảo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Nội dung" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Đóng mở mục lục" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Đóng mở mục lục</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nhóm bor</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Xem bài viết trong ngôn ngữ khác. Bài có sẵn trong 55 ngôn ngữ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 ngôn ngữ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boorgroep" title="Boorgroep – Tiếng Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Boorgroep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="مجموعة البورون – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة البورون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_d%27o_boro" title="Grupo d'o boro – Tiếng Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grupo d'o boro" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementos_del_grupu_13" title="Elementos del grupu 13 – Tiếng Asturias" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Elementos del grupu 13" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Asturias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vri_sistemin_13-c%C3%BC_qrupu" title="Dövri sistemin 13-cü qrupu – Tiếng Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dövri sistemin 13-cü qrupu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golongan_boron" title="Golongan boron – Tiếng Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Golongan boron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumpulan_boron" title="Kumpulan boron – Tiếng Mã Lai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kumpulan boron" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mã Lai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seka_boron" title="Seka boron – Tiếng Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Seka boron" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF" title="বোরন শ্রেণি – Tiếng Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বোরন শ্রেণি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/13._grupa_hemijskih_elemenata" title="13. grupa hemijskih elemenata – Tiếng Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="13. grupa hemijskih elemenata" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_13_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Група 13 на периодичната система – Tiếng Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Група 13 на периодичната система" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_13_de_la_taula_peri%C3%B2dica" title="Grup 13 de la taula periòdica – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grup 13 de la taula periòdica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/13._skupina" title="13. skupina – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="13. skupina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfen_Gr%C5%B5p_13" title="Elfen Grŵp 13 – Tiếng Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Elfen Grŵp 13" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borgruppe" title="Borgruppe – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Borgruppe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_group" title="Boron group – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Boron group" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_del_boro" title="Grupo del boro – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grupo del boro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemento_de_grupo_13" title="Elemento de grupo 13 – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elemento de grupo 13" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/13._taldeko_elementu" title="13. taldeko elementu – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="13. taldeko elementu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1" title="گروه بور – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروه بور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupe_13_du_tableau_p%C3%A9riodique" title="Groupe 13 du tableau périodique – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Groupe 13 du tableau périodique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/13%EC%A1%B1_%EC%9B%90%EC%86%8C" title="13족 원소 – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="13족 원소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="बोरॉन समूह – Tiếng Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बोरॉन समूह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B3rh%C3%B3pur" title="Bórhópur – Tiếng Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bórhópur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruppo_del_boro" title="Gruppo del boro – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gruppo del boro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupp_del_b%C3%B2r" title="Grupp del bòr – Tiếng Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grupp del bòr" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6ldf%C3%A9mek" title="Földfémek – Tiếng Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Földfémek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Борова група – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Борова група" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%82" title="ബോറോൺ കുടുംബം – Tiếng Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബോറോൺ കുടുംബം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boorgroep" title="Boorgroep – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boorgroep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC13%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第13族元素 – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第13族元素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerdmetal" title="Eerdmetal – Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Eerdmetal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruppe_13" title="Gruppe 13 – Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gruppe 13" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AA_13_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਗਰੁੱਪ 13 ਤੱਤ – Tiếng Punjab" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਰੁੱਪ 13 ਤੱਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Punjab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borowce_(chemia)" title="Borowce (chemia) – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Borowce (chemia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_do_boro" title="Grupo do boro – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grupo do boro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupa_Borului" title="Grupa Borului – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grupa Borului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Подгруппа бора – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подгруппа бора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupi_i_tremb%C3%ABdhjet%C3%AB_i_elementeve_kimike" title="Grupi i trembëdhjetë i elementeve kimike – Tiếng Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grupi i trembëdhjetë i elementeve kimike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_group" title="Boron group – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Boron group" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triely" title="Triely – Tiếng Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Triely" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borova_skupina" title="Borova skupina – Tiếng Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Borova skupina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guruubka_Boron" title="Guruubka Boron – Tiếng Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Guruubka Boron" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/13._%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="13. група хемијских елемената – Tiếng Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="13. група хемијских елемената" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/13._grupa_hemijskih_elemenata" title="13. grupa hemijskih elemenata – Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="13. grupa hemijskih elemenata" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booriryhm%C3%A4" title="Booriryhmä – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Booriryhmä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borgruppen" title="Borgruppen – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Borgruppen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="போரான் குழுமம் – Tiếng Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போரான் குழுமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81" title="బోరాన్ గ్రూపు – Tiếng Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బోరాన్ గ్రూపు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="หมู่โบรอน – Tiếng Thái" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หมู่โบรอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bor_grubu" title="Bor grubu – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bor grubu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_13_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Група 13 періодичної системи елементів – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Група 13 періодичної системи елементів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素 – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="硼族元素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素 – Tiếng Quảng Đông" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="硼族元素" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quảng Đông" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="硼族元素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189294#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sửa liên kết giữa ngôn ngữ" class="wbc-editpage">Sửa liên kết</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Không gian tên"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_bor" title="Xem bài viết [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bài viết</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn:Nh%C3%B3m_bor" rel="discussion" title="Thảo luận về trang này [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Thảo luận</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Thay đổi biến thể ngôn ngữ" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tiếng Việt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet 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class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Công cụ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tác vụ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn_%C4%91%C3%A2y/Nh%C3%B3m_bor" title="Các trang liên kết đến đây [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Các liên kết đến đây</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Thay_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_li%C3%AAn_quan/Nh%C3%B3m_bor" rel="nofollow" title="Thay đổi gần đây của các trang liên kết đến đây [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Thay đổi liên quan</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Trang_%C4%91%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t" title="Một danh sách chứa tất cả trang đặc biệt [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Trang đặc biệt</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&oldid=70699912" title="Liên kết thường trực đến phiên bản này của trang"><span>Liên kết thường trực</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=info" title="Thêm chi tiết về trang này"><span>Thông tin trang</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Tr%C3%ADch_d%E1%BA%ABn&page=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&id=70699912&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hướng dẫn cách trích dẫn trang này"><span>Trích dẫn trang này</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNh%25C3%25B3m_bor"><span>Lấy URL ngắn gọn</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNh%25C3%25B3m_bor"><span>Tải mã QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In và xuất </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:S%C3%A1ch&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Nh%C3%B3m+bor"><span>Tạo một quyển sách</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=show-download-screen"><span>Tải dưới dạng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&printable=yes" title="Bản để in ra của trang [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bản để in ra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tại dự án khác </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Periodic_table_group_13" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189294" title="Liên kết đến khoản mục kết nối trong kho dữ liệu [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Khoản mục Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Giao diện</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Đổi hướng từ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_13&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Nhóm nguyên tố 13">Nhóm nguyên tố 13</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="text-align:center; border:1px solid #a9a9a9; background:#f8f8f8; padding:2px; width:1em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#d8d8d8;">Nhóm bor (nhóm 13) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; width:1em; margin-top:1px; background:transparent; border:1px solid #a9a9a9;"> <table class="nogrid" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent; text-align: center; empty-cells: show; border:none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hydro" title="Hydro (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Hydro (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Heli" title="Heli (noble gas)"><img alt="Heli (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff6666;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithi" title="Lithi (alkali metal)"><img alt="Lithi (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffdead;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Beryli" title="Beryli (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Beryli (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor (metalloid)"><img alt="Bor (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nit%C6%A1" title="Nitơ (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Nitơ (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oxy" title="Oxy (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Oxy (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Fluor (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon (noble gas)"><img alt="Neon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff6666;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Natri" title="Natri (alkali metal)"><img alt="Natri (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffdead;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Magnesi" title="Magnesi (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Magnesi (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B4m" title="Nhôm (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Nhôm (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Silic" title="Silic (metalloid)"><img alt="Silic (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Phosphor (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C6%B0u_hu%E1%BB%B3nh" title="Lưu huỳnh (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Lưu huỳnh (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chlor" title="Chlor (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Chlor (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon (noble gas)"><img alt="Argon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff6666;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali (alkali metal)"><img alt="Kali (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffdead;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Calci" title="Calci (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Calci (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Scandi" title="Scandi (transition metal)"><img alt="Scandi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Titani" title="Titani (transition metal)"><img alt="Titani (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi (transition metal)"><img alt="Vanadi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom (transition metal)"><img alt="Chrom (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan (transition metal)"><img alt="Mangan (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%E1%BA%AFt" title="Sắt (transition metal)"><img alt="Sắt (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt (transition metal)"><img alt="Cobalt (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel (transition metal)"><img alt="Nickel (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng" title="Đồng (transition metal)"><img alt="Đồng (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/K%E1%BA%BDm" title="Kẽm (transition metal)"><img alt="Kẽm (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gali" title="Gali (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Gali (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germani" title="Germani (metalloid)"><img alt="Germani (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic (metalloid)"><img alt="Arsenic (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#a1ffc3;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Seleni" title="Seleni (polyatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Seleni (polyatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Brom (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton (noble gas)"><img alt="Krypton (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff6666;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rubidi" title="Rubidi (alkali metal)"><img alt="Rubidi (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffdead;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stronti" title="Stronti (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Stronti (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yttri" title="Yttri (transition metal)"><img alt="Yttri (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zirconi" title="Zirconi (transition metal)"><img alt="Zirconi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Niobi" title="Niobi (transition metal)"><img alt="Niobi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Molypden" title="Molypden (transition metal)"><img alt="Molypden (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Techneti" title="Techneti (transition metal)"><img alt="Techneti (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rutheni" title="Rutheni (transition metal)"><img alt="Rutheni (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rhodi" title="Rhodi (transition metal)"><img alt="Rhodi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paladi" title="Paladi (transition metal)"><img alt="Paladi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A1c" title="Bạc (transition metal)"><img alt="Bạc (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cadmi" title="Cadmi (transition metal)"><img alt="Cadmi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indi" title="Indi (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Indi (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thi%E1%BA%BFc" title="Thiếc (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Thiếc (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon (metalloid)"><img alt="Antimon (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Teluri" title="Teluri (metalloid)"><img alt="Teluri (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iod" title="Iod (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Iod (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon (noble gas)"><img alt="Xenon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none"> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff6666;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Caesi" title="Caesi (alkali metal)"><img alt="Caesi (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffdead;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bari" title="Bari (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Bari (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lantan" title="Lantan (lanthanide)"><img alt="Lantan (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ceri" title="Ceri (lanthanide)"><img alt="Ceri (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymi" title="Praseodymi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Praseodymi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Neodymi" title="Neodymi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Neodymi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Promethi" title="Promethi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Promethi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Samari" title="Samari (lanthanide)"><img alt="Samari (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europi" title="Europi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Europi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gadolini" title="Gadolini (lanthanide)"><img alt="Gadolini (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Terbi" title="Terbi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Terbi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosi" title="Dysprosi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Dysprosi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Holmi" title="Holmi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Holmi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Erbi" title="Erbi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Erbi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium (lanthanide)"><img alt="Thulium (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbi" title="Ytterbi (lanthanide)"><img alt="Ytterbi (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffbfff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luteti" title="Luteti (lanthanide)"><img alt="Luteti (lanthanide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hafni" title="Hafni (transition metal)"><img alt="Hafni (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal (transition metal)"><img alt="Tantal (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram (transition metal)"><img alt="Wolfram (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rheni" title="Rheni (transition metal)"><img alt="Rheni (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Osmi" title="Osmi (transition metal)"><img alt="Osmi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iridi" title="Iridi (transition metal)"><img alt="Iridi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Platin" title="Platin (transition metal)"><img alt="Platin (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A0ng" title="Vàng (transition metal)"><img alt="Vàng (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thu%E1%BB%B7_ng%C3%A2n" title="Thuỷ ngân (transition metal)"><img alt="Thuỷ ngân (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Thali (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%AC" title="Chì (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Chì (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Bismuth (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccc99;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poloni" title="Poloni (metalloid)"><img alt="Poloni (metalloid)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e7ff8f;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Astatin" title="Astatin (diatomic nonmetal)"><img alt="Astatin (diatomic nonmetal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#c0ffff;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon (noble gas)"><img alt="Radon (noble gas)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff6666;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Franci" title="Franci (alkali metal)"><img alt="Franci (alkali metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffdead;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Radi" title="Radi (alkaline earth metal)"><img alt="Radi (alkaline earth metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Actini" title="Actini (actinide)"><img alt="Actini (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thori" title="Thori (actinide)"><img alt="Thori (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Protactini" title="Protactini (actinide)"><img alt="Protactini (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Urani" title="Urani (actinide)"><img alt="Urani (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Neptuni" title="Neptuni (actinide)"><img alt="Neptuni (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plutoni" title="Plutoni (actinide)"><img alt="Plutoni (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Americi" title="Americi (actinide)"><img alt="Americi (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium (actinide)"><img alt="Curium (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkeli" title="Berkeli (actinide)"><img alt="Berkeli (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Californi" title="Californi (actinide)"><img alt="Californi (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Einsteini" title="Einsteini (actinide)"><img alt="Einsteini (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fermi" title="Fermi (actinide)"><img alt="Fermi (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevi" title="Mendelevi (actinide)"><img alt="Mendelevi (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nobeli" title="Nobeli (actinide)"><img alt="Nobeli (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ff99cc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lawrenci" title="Lawrenci (actinide)"><img alt="Lawrenci (actinide)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordi" title="Rutherfordi (transition metal)"><img alt="Rutherfordi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dubni" title="Dubni (transition metal)"><img alt="Dubni (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgi" title="Seaborgi (transition metal)"><img alt="Seaborgi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bohri" title="Bohri (transition metal)"><img alt="Bohri (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hassi" title="Hassi (transition metal)"><img alt="Hassi (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Meitneri" title="Meitneri (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Meitneri (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadti" title="Darmstadti (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Darmstadti (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Roentgeni" title="Roentgeni (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Roentgeni (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#ffc0c0;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Copernici" title="Copernici (transition metal)"><img alt="Copernici (transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nihoni" title="Nihoni (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Nihoni (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#cccccc;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flerovi" title="Flerovi (post-transition metal)"><img alt="Flerovi (post-transition metal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moscovi" title="Moscovi (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Moscovi (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Livermori" title="Livermori (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Livermori (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td> <td style="border:none"><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:6px; height:8px; z-index:2; padding:0; background-color:#e8e8e8;"><span class="mw-valign-top" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)"><img alt="Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pix.gif" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="nowrap" style="font-size:88%; text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 12 (trang không tồn tại)">Nhóm 12</a> ← <span style="width:8px; border:1px solid black" title="">  </span> → <a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_carbon" title="Nhóm carbon">Nhóm carbon</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:left; margin=0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_(b%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n)" title="Nhóm (bảng tuần hoàn)">Số nhóm IUPAC</a></th> <th>13 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Tên theo nguyên tố</td> <td><span class="nowrap">nhóm bor</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_(b%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n)#CAS_và_IUPAC_cũ" title="Nhóm (bảng tuần hoàn)">Số nhóm CAS</a><br /><small>(Mỹ, quy luật A-B-A)</small></div></td> <td>IIIA </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_(b%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n)#CAS_và_IUPAC_cũ" title="Nhóm (bảng tuần hoàn)">Số nhóm IUPAC cũ</a><br /><small>(Châu Âu, quy luật A-B)</small></div></td> <td>IIIB </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:left;">↓ <small><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n" title="Bảng tuần hoàn">Bảng tuần hoàn</a></small> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 2">2</a> </th> <td title="B, Bor" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Bor_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bor"><img alt="Hình: Bor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Bor_1.jpg/210px-Bor_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Bor_1.jpg/315px-Bor_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Bor_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="334" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor">Bor</a> (B)<br /><span style="color:#000000;">5</span> <small><a href="/wiki/%C3%81_kim" title="Á kim">Á kim</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 3">3</a> </th> <td title="Al, Nhôm" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Aluminium-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kim loại nhôm"><img alt="Hình: Kim loại nhôm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Aluminium-4.jpg/210px-Aluminium-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Aluminium-4.jpg/315px-Aluminium-4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Aluminium-4.jpg/420px-Aluminium-4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="706" data-file-height="706" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B4m" title="Nhôm">Nhôm</a> (Al)<br /><span style="color:#000000;">13</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1i_y%E1%BA%BFu" title="Kim loại yếu">Kim loại yếu</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 4">4</a> </th> <td title="Ga, Gali" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Gallium_crystals.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tinh thể gali"><img alt="Hình: Tinh thể gali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gallium_crystals.jpg/210px-Gallium_crystals.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gallium_crystals.jpg/315px-Gallium_crystals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gallium_crystals.jpg/420px-Gallium_crystals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Gali" title="Gali">Gali</a> (Ga)<br /><span style="color:#000000;">31</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1i_y%E1%BA%BFu" title="Kim loại yếu">Kim loại yếu</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 5 (trang không tồn tại)">5</a> </th> <td title="In, Indi" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Indium_wire.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Indi"><img alt="Hình: Indi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Indium_wire.jpg/210px-Indium_wire.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Indium_wire.jpg/315px-Indium_wire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Indium_wire.jpg/420px-Indium_wire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Indi" title="Indi">Indi</a> (In)<br /><span style="color:#000000;">49</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1i_y%E1%BA%BFu" title="Kim loại yếu">Kim loại yếu</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 6 (trang không tồn tại)">6</a> </th> <td title="Tl, Thali" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mảnh thali bảo quản trong bóng thủy tinh chứa argon"><img alt="Hình: Mảnh thali bảo quản trong bóng thủy tinh chứa argon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg/210px-Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg/315px-Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg/420px-Thallium_pieces_in_ampoule.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">Thali</a> (Tl)<br /><span style="color:#000000;">81</span> <small><a href="/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1i_y%E1%BA%BFu" title="Kim loại yếu">Kim loại yếu</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_nh%C3%B3m_7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên tố nhóm 7 (trang không tồn tại)">7</a> </th> <td title="Nh, Nihoni" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:210px; background:#f0f0f0; border:transparent; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nihoni" title="Nihoni">Nihoni</a> (Nh)<br /><span style="color:#606060;">113</span> <small>Kim loại yếu</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <hr /> <p><i>Legend</i> </p> <table style="text-align:center; border:0; margin:1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:transparent; background:#f0f0f0; padding:0 2px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_t%E1%BB%B1_nhi%C3%AAn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguyên tố tự nhiên (trang không tồn tại)">Nguyên tố tự nhiên</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:transparent; background:#f0f0f0;"><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_t%E1%BB%95ng_h%E1%BB%A3p" title="Nguyên tố tổng hợp">Nguyên tố tổng hợp</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Atomic number color: </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="color:#000000;">Màu đen=thể rắn</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#f0f0f0;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-xem"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Periodic_table_(group_13)" title="Bản mẫu:Periodic table (group 13)"><abbr title="Xem bản mẫu này">x</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-thảo luận"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Periodic_table_(group_13)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thảo luận Bản mẫu:Periodic table (group 13) (trang không tồn tại)"><abbr title="Thảo luận bản mẫu này">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sửa"><a class="external text" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Periodic_table_(group_13)&action=edit"><abbr title="Sửa bản mẫu này">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nhóm</b> <b>bor</b> là các <a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Nguyên tố hóa học">nguyên tố hóa học</a> thuộc <a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B3m_(b%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n)" title="Nhóm (bảng tuần hoàn)">nhóm 13</a> của <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n" title="Bảng tuần hoàn">bảng tuần hoàn</a>, bao gồm <a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor">bor</a> (B), <a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B4m" title="Nhôm">nhôm</a> (Al), <a href="/wiki/Gali" title="Gali">gali</a> (Ga), <a href="/wiki/Indi" title="Indi">indi</a> (In), <a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">thali</a> (Tl) và <a href="/wiki/Nihoni" title="Nihoni">nihoni</a> (Nh). Nhóm này nằm trong <a href="/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_(b%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n)" title="Khối (bảng tuần hoàn)">khối p</a> của bảng tuần hoàn. Các nguyên tố trong nhóm bor có đặc điểm là có ba <a href="/wiki/Electron_h%C3%B3a_tr%E1%BB%8B" title="Electron hóa trị">electron hóa trị</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-C._Kotz,_Treichel,_R._Townsend_2009_351_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C._Kotz,_Treichel,_R._Townsend_2009_351-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bor là một <a href="/wiki/%C3%81_kim" title="Á kim">á kim</a>, ít phổ biến trên <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A1i_%C4%90%E1%BA%A5t" title="Trái Đất">Trái Đất</a>. Các nguyên tố còn lại là <a href="/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1i_y%E1%BA%BFu" title="Kim loại yếu">kim loại yếu</a> (nằm giữa <a href="/wiki/Kim_lo%E1%BA%A1i" title="Kim loại">kim loại</a> và <a href="/wiki/%C3%81_kim" title="Á kim">á kim</a> trong <a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n" title="Bảng tuần hoàn">bảng tuần hoàn</a>). <a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B4m" title="Nhôm">Nhôm</a> là nguyên tố xuất hiện nhiều trên Trái Đất và là <a href="/wiki/S%E1%BB%B1_phong_ph%C3%BA_c%E1%BB%A7a_c%C3%A1c_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_trong_v%E1%BB%8F_Tr%C3%A1i_%C4%90%E1%BA%A5t" title="Sự phong phú của các nguyên tố trong vỏ Trái Đất">nguyên tố phổ biến thứ ba trong vỏ Trái Đất</a> (8,3%).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nihoni hiện tại chưa phát hiện trong tự nhiên, đây là một <a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_t%E1%BB%95ng_h%E1%BB%A3p" title="Nguyên tố tổng hợp">nguyên tố tổng hợp</a>. </p><p>Một số nguyên tố nhóm 13 có vai trò trong <a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%87_sinh_th%C3%A1i" title="Hệ sinh thái">hệ sinh thái</a>. Bor là một <a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_vi_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng" title="Nguyên tố vi lượng">nguyên tố vi lượng</a> ở người và cần thiết cho một số loài thực vật. Thiếu bor làm cây cối phát triển còi cọc, trong khi dư thừa bor cũng ức chế sự phát triển. Nhôm không có vai trò sinh học, không có độc tính đáng kể, được coi là an toàn. Indi và gali có thể kích thích sự trao đổi chất;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gali có khả năng tự liên kết với các <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> sắt. Thali có độc tính cao, can thiệp vào chức năng của nhiều loại <a href="/wiki/Enzym" class="mw-redirect" title="Enzym">enzym</a> quan trọng. Nguyên tố này được sử dụng làm <a href="/wiki/Thu%E1%BB%91c_b%E1%BA%A3o_v%E1%BB%87_th%E1%BB%B1c_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Thuốc bảo vệ thực vật">thuốc trừ sâu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Đặc_điểm"><span id=".C4.90.E1.BA.B7c_.C4.91i.E1.BB.83m"></span>Đặc điểm</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sửa đổi phần “Đặc điểm”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=edit&section=1" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Đặc điểm"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/S%E1%BB%91_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%AD" title="Số nguyên tử"><i>Z</i></a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Nguyên tố hóa học">Nguyên tố</a> </th> <th>Số <a href="/wiki/Electron" title="Electron">electron</a> trên mỗi <a href="/wiki/V%E1%BB%8F_electron" title="Vỏ electron">lớp vỏ</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>Bor </td> <td>2, 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td>Nhôm </td> <td>2, 8, 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 </td> <td>Gali </td> <td>2, 8, 18, 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>49 </td> <td>Indi </td> <td>2, 8, 18, 18, 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>81 </td> <td>Thali </td> <td>2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>113 </td> <td>Nihoni </td> <td>2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 3 (dự đoán) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Mặc dù nằm trong <a href="/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_(b%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n)" title="Khối (bảng tuần hoàn)">khối p</a>, các nguyên tố trong nhóm bor, đặc biệt là bor và nhôm trong liên kết hóa học thường vi phạm <a href="/wiki/Quy_t%E1%BA%AFc_octet" title="Quy tắc octet">quy tắc octet</a>. Tất cả các nguyên tố của nhóm bor đều có <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B3a_tr%E1%BB%8B" title="Hóa trị">hóa trị</a> ba. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phản_ứng_hóa_học"><span id="Ph.E1.BA.A3n_.E1.BB.A9ng_h.C3.B3a_h.E1.BB.8Dc"></span>Phản ứng hóa học</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sửa đổi phần “Phản ứng hóa học”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=edit&section=2" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Phản ứng hóa học"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hydride">Hydride</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sửa đổi phần “Hydride”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=edit&section=3" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Hydride"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hầu hết các nguyên tố trong nhóm bor đều có xu hướng dễ phản ứng theo chiều tăng dần <a href="/wiki/S%E1%BB%91_hi%E1%BB%87u_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Số hiệu nguyên tử">số hiệu nguyên tử</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor">Bor</a>, nguyên tố đầu tiên trong nhóm, thường không phản ứng với nhiều nguyên tố ở nhiệt độ thường. Bor tạo thành nhiều hợp chất với <a href="/wiki/Hydro" title="Hydro">hydro</a> gọi là <i><a href="/wiki/Boran" title="Boran">boran</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boran đơn giản nhất là diboran B<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Các nguyên tố nhóm 13 tiếp theo là <a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B4m" title="Nhôm">nhôm</a> và <a href="/wiki/Gali" title="Gali">gali</a>, tạo thành ít muối <a href="/wiki/Hydride" title="Hydride">hydride</a> bền hơn, mặc dù cả AlH<sub>3</sub> và GaH<sub>3</sub> có tồn tại. Indi chưa có dữ liệu cho thấy có tạo muối hydride, ngoại trừ indi có trong các phức chất như phức <a href="/wiki/Phosphin" title="Phosphin">phosphin</a> H<sub>3</sub>InP(Cy)<sub>3</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muối thali và hydro không bền, chưa tổng hợp được trong phòng thí nghiệm. </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Một vài hợp chất hóa học phổ biến nhóm bor<sup id="cite_ref-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p><sup id="cite_ref-grp.13_elem._chem._8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grp.13_elem._chem.-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-In2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-In2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Nguyên tố</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Oxide" title="Oxide">Oxide</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hydride" title="Hydride">Hydride</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Fluoride" title="Fluoride">Fluoride</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Chloride" title="Chloride">Chloride</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sulfide" title="Sulfide">Sulfide</a> </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td rowspan="9"><a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor">Bor</a> </td> <td>(β/g/α)B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td> <td>B<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub></td> <td>BF<sub>3</sub></td> <td>BCl<sub>3</sub></td> <td>B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>B<sub>2</sub>O</td> <td>B<sub>10</sub>H<sub>14</sub></td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">BF<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span></span></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>B<sub>6</sub>O</td> <td>BH<sub>3</sub></td> <td>B<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>B<sub>5</sub>H<sub>9</sub></td> <td>BF</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>B<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>B<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>B<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">6</sub></span><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">H<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">6</sub></span></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>B<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">12</sub></span><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">H<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">12</sub></span></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>B<sub>20</sub>H<sub>26</sub></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%B4m" title="Nhôm">Nhôm</a> </td> <td>(γ/δ/η/θ/χ)Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td> <td>(α/α`/β/δ/ε/θ/γ) AlH<sub>3</sub></td> <td>AlF<sub>3</sub></td> <td>AlCl<sub>3</sub></td> <td>(α/β/γ) Al<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Al<sub>2</sub>O</td> <td>Al<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>AlO</td> <td>AlH<sub>4</sub></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">AlH<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Gali" title="Gali">Gali</a> </td> <td>(α/β/δ/γ/ε) Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td> <td>Ga<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub></td> <td>GaF<sub>3</sub></td> <td>GaCl<sub>3</sub></td> <td>GaS </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>GaH<sub>4</sub></td> <td></td> <td>GaCl<sub>2</sub></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>GaH<sub>3</sub></td> <td></td> <td>Ga<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Ga<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">GaCl<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Ga<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2</sub></span><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">Cl<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">7</sub></span></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Indi" title="Indi">Indi</a> </td> <td>In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td> <td>InH<sub>3</sub></td> <td>InF<sub>3</sub></td> <td>InCl<sub>3</sub></td> <td>(α/β/γ) In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td>In<sub>2</sub>O</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">Thali</a> </td> <td>Tl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td> <td>TlH<sub>3</sub></td> <td>TlF</td> <td>TlCl</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tl<sub>2</sub>O</td> <td>TlH</td> <td>TlF<sub>3</sub></td> <td>TlCl<sub>3</sub></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>TlO<sub>2</sub></td> <td></td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">TlF<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span></span></td> <td>TlCl<sub>2</sub></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tl<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub></td> <td></td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">TlF<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3</sub></span></span></td> <td>Tl<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>3</sub></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nihoni" title="Nihoni">Nihoni</a> </td> <td>(Nh<sub>2</sub>O)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>(NhH)</td> <td>(NhF)</td> <td>(NhCl)</td> <td>NhOH </td></tr> <tr> <td>(Nh<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)</td> <td>(NhH<sub>3</sub>)</td> <td>(NhF<sub>3</sub>)</td> <td>(NhCl<sub>3</sub>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>(<span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">NhF<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">6</sub></span></span>)</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oxide">Oxide</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sửa đổi phần “Oxide”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=edit&section=4" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Oxide"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tất cả các nguyên tố thuộc nhóm bor được biết là tạo thành <a href="/wiki/Oxide" title="Oxide">oxide</a> hóa trị ba, với hai nguyên tử <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_c%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B3a_tr%E1%BB%8B" title="Liên kết cộng hóa trị">liên kết cộng hóa trị</a> với ba nguyên tử <a href="/wiki/Oxy" title="Oxy">oxy</a>. Những yếu tố này cho thấy xu hướng tăng <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> (từ <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acid</a> đến <a href="/wiki/Base_(h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" title="Base (hóa học)">base</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ghi_chú"><span id="Ghi_ch.C3.BA"></span>Ghi chú</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sửa đổi phần “Ghi chú”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=edit&section=5" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Ghi chú"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Cho đến nay, không có hợp chất nihoni nào được tổng hợp (ngoại trừ có thể là NhOH), và tất cả các hợp chất được đề xuất khác hoàn toàn là lý thuyết.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%B3m_bor&action=edit&section=6" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tham khảo"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-C._Kotz,_Treichel,_R._Townsend_2009_351-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C._Kotz,_Treichel,_R._Townsend_2009_351_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67233549">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFKotz,_John_C.Treichel,_PaulTownsend,_John_Raymond2009" class="citation book cs1">Kotz, John C.; Treichel, Paul & Townsend, John Raymond (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jcn6sgt7RpoC&pg=PA351"><i>Chemistry and chemical reactivity</i></a>. <b>2</b>. Belmont, Ca, USA: Thomson Books. tr. 351. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-495-38712-1" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-495-38712-1"><bdi>978-0-495-38712-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+and+chemical+reactivity&rft.place=Belmont%2C+Ca%2C+USA&rft.pages=351&rft.pub=Thomson+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-495-38712-1&rft.au=Kotz%2C+John+C.&rft.au=Treichel%2C+Paul&rft.au=Townsend%2C+John+Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Djcn6sgt7RpoC%26pg%3DPA351&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vPmlBbHCOTIC&pg=PA89">“Soviet Aluminium from Clay”</a>. <i>New Scientist</i>. One Shilling Weekly. <b>8</b> (191): 89. 1960.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=Soviet+Aluminium+from+Clay&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=191&rft.pages=89&rft.date=1960&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvPmlBbHCOTIC%26pg%3DPA89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Pharmacology and Nutritional Intervention in the Treatment of Disease edited by Faik Atroshi, page 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFDobbs2009" class="citation book cs1">Dobbs, Michael (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pmcy24y2HyMC&pg=PA277"><i>Clinical neurotoxicology: syndromes, substances, environments</i></a>. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders. tr. 276–278. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-323-05260-3" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-323-05260-3"><bdi>978-0-323-05260-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Clinical+neurotoxicology%3A+syndromes%2C+substances%2C+environments&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pa&rft.pages=276-278&rft.pub=Saunders&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-323-05260-3&rft.aulast=Dobbs&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPmcy24y2HyMC%26pg%3DPA277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFRaghavan,_P._S.1998" class="citation book cs1">Raghavan, P. S. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pBiS0jc-kWIC&pg=PA43"><i>Concepts And Problems In Inorganic Chemistry</i></a>. New Delhi, India: Discovery Publishing House. tr. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/81-7141-418-4" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/81-7141-418-4"><bdi>81-7141-418-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Concepts+And+Problems+In+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.place=New+Delhi%2C+India&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Discovery+Publishing+House&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=81-7141-418-4&rft.au=Raghavan%2C+P.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpBiS0jc-kWIC%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harding,_A._Johnson,_Janes_2002_113_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFHarding,_A.JohnsonJanes2002" class="citation book cs1">Harding, A., Charlie; Johnson, David; Janes, Rob (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W0HW8wgmQQsC&pg=PA113"><i>Elements of the p block</i></a>. Cambridge, UK: The Open University. tr. 113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/0-85404-690-9" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/0-85404-690-9"><bdi>0-85404-690-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elements+of+the+p+block&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=The+Open+University&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-85404-690-9&rft.aulast=Harding%2C+A.&rft.aufirst=Charlie&rft.au=Johnson%2C+David&rft.au=Janes%2C+Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW0HW8wgmQQsC%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFColeHibbsJonesSmithies2000" class="citation journal cs1">Cole, M. L.; Hibbs, D. E.; Jones, C.; Smithies, N. A. (2000). “Phosphine and phosphido indium hydride complexes and their use in inorganic synthesis”. <i>Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions</i> (4): 545–550. <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2FA908418E">10.1039/A908418E</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Chemical+Society%2C+Dalton+Transactions&rft.atitle=Phosphine+and+phosphido+indium+hydride+complexes+and+their+use+in+inorganic+synthesis&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=545-550&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2FA908418E&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=M.+L.&rft.au=Hibbs%2C+D.+E.&rft.au=Jones%2C+C.&rft.au=Smithies%2C+N.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grp.13_elem._chem.-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grp.13_elem._chem._8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Downs1993">Downs</a>, pp. 197–201</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFDaintith2004" class="citation book cs1">Daintith, John (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jzT-zlKESmsC&pg=PA269"><i>Oxford dictionary of chemistry</i></a>. Market House Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/978-0-19-860918-6" title="Đặc biệt:Nguồn sách/978-0-19-860918-6"><bdi>978-0-19-860918-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+dictionary+of+chemistry&rft.pub=Market+House+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860918-6&rft.aulast=Daintith&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjzT-zlKESmsC%26pg%3DPA269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-In2-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-In2_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFBleshinsky,_S._V.Abramova,_V._F.1958" class="citation book cs1">Bleshinsky, S. V.; Abramova, V. F. (1958). <bdi lang="ru">Химия индия</bdi> (bằng tiếng Nga). Frunze. tr. 301.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.pages=301&rft.pub=Frunze&rft.date=1958&rft.au=Bleshinsky%2C+S.+V.&rft.au=Abramova%2C+V.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Downs1993">Downs</a>, pp. 195–196</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Henderson">Henderson</a>, p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFJellisonPanekBrayRouse1977" class="citation journal cs1">Jellison, G. E.; Panek, L. W.; Bray, P. J.; Rouse, G. B. (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnx.org/content/m32460/latest/?collection=col11124/latest">“Determinations of structure and bonding in vitreous B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by means of B<sup>10</sup>, B<sup>11</sup>, and O<sup>17</sup> NMR”</a>. <i>The Journal of Chemical Physics</i>. <b>66</b> (2): 802. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(%C4%91%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (định danh)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977JChPh..66..802J">1977JChPh..66..802J</a>. <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1063%2F1.433959">10.1063/1.433959</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 16 tháng 6 năm 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Chemical+Physics&rft.atitle=Determinations+of+structure+and+bonding+in+vitreous+B%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3EO%3Csub%3E3%3C%2Fsub%3E+by+means+of+B%3Csup%3E10%3C%2Fsup%3E%2C+B%3Csup%3E11%3C%2Fsup%3E%2C+and+O%3Csup%3E17%3C%2Fsup%3E+NMR&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=802&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1063%2F1.433959&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1977JChPh..66..802J&rft.aulast=Jellison&rft.aufirst=G.+E.&rft.au=Panek%2C+L.+W.&rft.au=Bray%2C+P.+J.&rft.au=Rouse%2C+G.+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcnx.org%2Fcontent%2Fm32460%2Flatest%2F%3Fcollection%3Dcol11124%2Flatest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3ANh%C3%B3m+bor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Lấy từ “<a dir="ltr" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nhóm_bor&oldid=70699912">https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nhóm_bor&oldid=70699912</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i" title="Đặc biệt:Thể loại">Thể loại</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Nh%C3%B3m_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%91_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Thể loại:Nhóm nguyên tố hóa học">Nhóm nguyên tố hóa học</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:B%E1%BA%A3ng_tu%E1%BA%A7n_ho%C3%A0n" title="Thể loại:Bảng tuần hoàn">Bảng tuần hoàn</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Thể loại ẩn: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_CS1_c%C3%B3_ch%E1%BB%AF_Nga_(ru)" title="Thể loại:Nguồn CS1 có chữ Nga (ru)">Nguồn CS1 có chữ Nga (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_CS1_ti%E1%BA%BFng_Nga_(ru)" title="Thể loại:Nguồn CS1 tiếng Nga (ru)">Nguồn CS1 tiếng Nga (ru)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Trang này được sửa đổi lần cuối vào ngày 17 tháng 9 năm 2023, 05:51.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Văn bản được phát hành theo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nguy%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n_Gi%E1%BA%A5y_ph%C3%A9p_Creative_Commons_Ghi_c%C3%B4ng%E2%80%93Chia_s%E1%BA%BB_t%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_t%E1%BB%B1_phi%C3%AAn_b%E1%BA%A3n_4.0_Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF" title="Wikipedia:Nguyên văn Giấy phép Creative Commons Ghi công–Chia sẻ tương tự phiên bản 4.0 Quốc tế">Giấy phép Creative Commons Ghi công–Chia sẻ tương tự</a>; có thể áp dụng điều khoản bổ sung. 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