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ArticleBodyTile"><section class="Article__Column Article__Column--main"><article class="Article__Wrapper"><script type="application/ld+json">{"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/massachusetts","@type":"WebPage"},"headline":"Massachusetts","image":{"width":1600,"height":900,"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_16x9.jpg?w=1200"},"mentions":[],"datePublished":"2019-06-14T11:07:00.000Z","dateModified":"2021-10-01T18:41:19.473Z","author":[{"name":"Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh","url":"","@type":"Person"}],"dateline":"","articleSection":"Geography","about":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Landmark"},"publisher":{"name":"National Geographic Kids","logo":{"url":"https://assets-cdn.nationalgeographic.com/natgeo/static/logos/kids-logo.svg","height":60,"width":150,"@type":"ImageObject"},"@type":"Organization"},"alternativeHeadline":"","keywords":"massachusetts, northeast, u.s. states, profile, pictures, facts, national geographic kids, landmark, environment and conservation, maps","description":"Get facts and photos about the 6th state.","@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle"}</script><div tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="ad-wrapper"><div data-box-type="fitt-adbox-pixel"><div class="Ad pixel pixel ad-slot" data-slot-type="pixel" data-collapse-before-load="true" data-slot-kvps="pos=pixel"></div></div></div><div class="InlineGallery ArticleBodyTile__Lead InlineGallery--dark InlineGallery--noHeader" tabindex="0" aria-label="Inline Gallery" aria-roledescription="carousel"><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop" aria-label="Image Gallery Lead"><div class="Gallery"><div class="Gallery__Container relative"><div style="display:block;flex-grow:1;width:auto"><div class="Gallery__Swipeable" style="overflow-x:hidden"><div class="fitt-swipeable-container" 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Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><button aria-hidden="false" tabindex="0" type="button" class="CarouselArrow CarouselArrow--right" aria-controls="f3c54e93-0465-3ebe-8bc2-b62a1ec7ec21" aria-label="Next image"><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Next" class="CarouselArrow__Icon icon__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#icon__caret__right"></use></svg></button><div class="Gallery__Counter Gallery__Counter--left"><span class="Gallery__Counter-text">1 / 2</span></div></div><div class="Gallery__Wrapper"></div></div><div class="InlineGallery__Bar" aria-live="polite"><span class="InlineGallery__Counter">1 / 2</span></div></aside></div><div><div class="sr-only">Old Sturbridge Village depicts a rural New England town of the 1830s, including homes, a school, country store, working farm, and water-powered mills.</div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption Caption Caption--dark Caption--hideEndBug"><div class="Caption__TextWrapper"><div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">Old Sturbridge Village depicts a rural New England town of the 1830s, including homes, a school, country store, working farm, and water-powered mills.</span></span></span></div></div><span aria-label="Photograph by Bratty1206, Dreamstime" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Photograph by Bratty1206, Dreamstime</span></div></div></div></div><div class="ArticleBodyTile__LeadSeparator"></div><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><header class="Article__Header"><div class="Article__Header__Branding"></div><div class="Article__Headline"><h1 class="Article__Headline__Title">Massachusetts</h1><p class="Article__Headline__Desc">Get facts and photos about the 6th state.</p></div><div class="Article__Headeer__Interactives"></div><div class="Article__Header__Meta Article__Header__Meta--spacing-bottom Article__Header__Meta--noShare"><section class="Byline flex items-center"><div class="Byline__Content"><div aria-label="By Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh" class="Byline__Group"><span class="Byline__ByCopy" aria-hidden="true">By</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="Byline__AuthorRow"><span class="Byline__AuthorContainer"><span class="Byline__Author ">Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh</span></span></span></div></div></section></div></header></div><section class="Article__Content"><div><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop" aria-label="Fast Facts"><div class="ListBox__Wrapper ListBox__Wrapper--blue"><h2 class="ListBox__Header" aria-hidden="true">Fast Facts</h2><div class="RichText ListBox__List"><ul><li><b>Nickname:</b> The Bay State</li><li><b>Statehood:</b> 1788; 6th state</li><li><b>Population (as of July 2016):</b> 6,811,779</li><li><b>Capital:</b> Boston</li><li><b>Biggest City:</b> Boston</li><li><b>Abbreviation:</b> MA</li><li><b>State bird:</b> black-capped chickadee</li><li><b>State flower:</b> mayflower</li></ul></div></div></aside></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--green" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-2-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-2-title">HISTORY</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>People started living in what’s now called Massachusetts about 12,000 years ago, when retreating glaciers uncovered the land. Some artifacts have even been discovered in lakes and rivers created by melting glaciers. Thousands of years later <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast" target="_blank">Native American tribes</a> including the <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast" target="_blank">Wampanoag</a>, Mohegan, and Mohican lived on the land.</p><p>In 1620 a ship called the <i>Mayflower</i> arrived at Cape Cod carrying settlers called Pilgrims. These people were escaping religious persecution in <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/united-kingdom" target="_blank">England</a> and created the first permanent European settlement in New England, called Plymouth. (New England is a region in the northeastern United States that was settled by people from England.) Soon after the Pilgrims celebrated the <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/first-thanksgiving" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">first Thanksgiving</a> with members of the <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast" target="_blank">Wampanoag</a> tribe, which still exists in Massachusetts today.</p><p>Massachusetts has been the scene of many historical events. In 1639 America’s first post office opened in Boston. In 1692 and 1693, untrue rumors led to <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/salem-witch-trials" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">witch hunts in Salem</a>, Massachusetts. And in 1876 Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated the first telephone.</p><p>But Massachusetts may be most historically significant for the role its people played in the Revolutionary War. Anger erupted in 1770 after five colonists were killed by British soldiers in what’s known as the Boston Massacre. Three years later, colonists disguised as Native Americans threw cases of tea into Boston Harbor to protest high taxes from England. The event is now known as the Boston Tea Party. In 1775 the Battles of Lexington and Concord became the first fight of the Revolutionary War. The movement of the British troops prompted silversmith Paul Revere to make his famous midnight ride to warn the colonists. Five years after the war ended, Massachusetts became the sixth U.S. state in 1788.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--green" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-3-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-3-title">WHY’S IT CALLED THAT?</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>Massachusetts’ name might come from the Massachusett tribe, whose name can be translated to “near the great hill” or “near the range of hills.” It refers to the Blue Hills, southwest of Boston.</p><p>The state’s nickname the Bay State may originate from its many bays, or it might refer to the Massachusetts Bay Company, which was given a royal charter to colonize the land.</p></div></div><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop ImageGroup__Wrapper" aria-label="Image Pair"><div class="ImageGroup__Images"><div class="CopyrightImage"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent" id="inline-4_0"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. 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Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div></div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"><p class="Caption__Title" aria-hidden="false"><span class="RichText">Left: Massachusetts state flag</span></p></div></div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"><p class="Caption__Title" aria-hidden="false"><span class="RichText">Right: Massachusetts state symbols</span></p></div></div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption"><span aria-label="ThereseMcK, iStockphoto (elm); Michael Mill, Dreamstime (chickadee); Sarah Jessup, Shutterstock (mayflower); Kary Nieuwenhuis, iStockphoto (quarter)" class="RichText Caption__Credit">ThereseMcK, iStockphoto (elm); Michael Mill, Dreamstime (chickadee); Sarah Jessup, Shutterstock (mayflower); Kary Nieuwenhuis, iStockphoto (quarter)</span></div></div></aside></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--green" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-5-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-5-title">GEOGRAPHY AND LANDFORMS</h3></div><div class="CopyrightImage"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>Massachusetts is a New England state bordered by <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/new-hampshire" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">New Hampshire</a> and <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/vermont" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Vermont</a> in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the east, <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/rhode-island" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Rhode Island</a> and <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/connecticut" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Connecticut</a> in the south, and <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/new-york" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">New York</a> in the west.</p><p>What looks like a big hook in Massachusetts’ eastern coastline is actually land created by glaciers that exposed many rocky bays. Called the Coastal Lowland, this hilly, wet area includes Cape Cod Bay, Martha’s Vineyard, and the Nantucket Islands, all great for fishing, boating, and vacationing.</p><p>The center of the state has streams and plains with gentle hills. Toward the west, the land rises into mountains. It includes a popular spot for fall-leaf watching called the Berkshires, as well as Massachusetts’ highest point, Mount Greylock. In the far west are the Taconic Mountains.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--green" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-6-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-6-title">WILDLIFE</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p><a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Mammals</a> such as black bears, <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/bobcat" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">bobcats</a>, eastern <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/coyote" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">coyotes</a>, moose, and white-tailed deer roam around Massachusetts. <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/facts/bald-eagle" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Bald eagles</a>, wild turkeys, northern cardinals, blue jays, mourning doves, and American robins fly through the state, and snapping turtles, eastern ribbonsnakes, and five-lined skinks are among Massachusetts’ <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/reptiles" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">reptiles</a>. Eastern newts, <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians/facts/american-bullfrog" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">American bullfrogs</a>, and American toads are a few of the Bay State’s best-known <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">amphibians</a>.</p><p>Sugar maples, eastern white pines, sycamores, and American elms (the state tree) grow in the state’s forests. Massachusetts is also filled with wildflowers such as New England asters, blue violets, wild bleeding hearts, black-eyed Susans, and oxeye daisies.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--green" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-7-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-7-title">NATURAL RESOURCES</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>The state’s fertile soil and its harbors (the Bay State has more than 1,500 miles of coastline), produce plenty of crops and seafood. Local farmers grow about 25 percent of the cranberries in the <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/united-states" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">United States</a>!</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--green" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-8-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-8-title">FUN STUFF</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>—Boston cream pie—chocolate-iced white cake filled with custard—is the official state dessert. But it’s not the only famous Massachusetts goodie: Chocolate chip cookies were invented here!</p><p>—Paul Revere, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Hancock, Susan B. Anthony, and Dr. Seuss (whose real name is Theodor Seuss Geisel) were all born in Massachusetts.</p><p>—You can visit Plymouth Rock, the boulder that’s said to be the exact spot where the Pilgrims stepped off the <i>Mayflower</i>. It’s less than half the size today as it was in the 1600s—tourists kept chipping off pieces!</p><p>—Boston’s Freedom Trail is a painted line through the city that leads history buffs to 16 official Revolutionary sites—including the Paul Revere House, where Revere lived at the time of his famous midnight ride.</p><p>—In the late 1600s about 20 people died because they were accused of witchcraft in a series of hearings called the Salem witch trials.</p></div></div></div></section><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><div class="Article__Footer"><div class="Article__Footer--items flex flex-wrap flex-no-wrap items-center justify-between"></div><div class="StoryDivider StoryDivider--noLogo"><hr/><hr/></div></div></div></article></section><section class="Article__Column Article__Column--sidebar"><div class="ArticleStickiness"><div class="ArticleStickiness__Sticky-Section" style="height:250px;top:20px"><div class="ArticleStickiness__Offset-Manager"><div class="ArticleStickiness__Sticky-Element ArticleStickiness__Sticky-Element--fade-in"></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div></div><div></div><div class="FrameBackgroundFull"><div class="FrameBackgroundFull__BackgroundImage" aria-hidden="true"><div class="BackgroundImage"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--16x9"></div></div></div><div class="GeneralContainer"><div class="ReadThisNext__Wrapper"><section class="Headline__Stack Headline__Stack--headingIndented Headline__Stack--underlineHover ReadThisNext ReadThisNext--thumbnailList"><h2 class="Headline__Title">Explore more</h2><div class="ContentList" role="list"><div class="ContentList__Item ContentList__Item--featured" role="listitem"><a class="AnchorLink News__Item external News__Item--featured" tabindex="0" name="&lpos=toolkit" data-track-event_name="explore more:card:u.s. states and territories facts and photos" data-track-placement="footer" target="_self" href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent News__Item__Thumbnail overflow-hidden"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--3x2"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper aspect-ratio--child"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="News__Content__Container"><h2 class="News__Item__Headline enableHeadlinePremiumLogo" aria-label="U.S. states and territories facts and photos"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span title="U.S. states and territories facts and photos" aria-hidden="true">U.S. states and territories facts and photos</span></span></h2><div class="News__Item__Description" aria-label="Get facts and photos of the U.S. states and territories, and the District of Columbia."><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span aria-hidden="true">Get facts and photos of the U.S. states and territories, and the District of Columbia.</span></span></div></div></a></div><div class="ContentList__Item" role="listitem"><a class="AnchorLink News__Item external flex flex-row" tabindex="0" name="&lpos=toolkit" data-track-event_name="explore more:card:video: 50 birds, 50 states" data-track-placement="footer" target="_self" href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/videos/topic/50-birds-50-states"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent News__Item__Thumbnail overflow-hidden"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--1x1"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper aspect-ratio--child"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="News__Content__Container"><h2 class="News__Item__Headline enableHeadlinePremiumLogo" aria-label="Video: 50 Birds, 50 States"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span title="Video: 50 Birds, 50 States" aria-hidden="true">Video: 50 Birds, 50 States</span></span></h2><div class="News__Item__Description" aria-label="Barry the bald eagle soars from coast to coast to meet state birds and learn about their homes. Each episode is an animated rap music video focusing on the big cities, history, landmarks, and significant geographical areas of each state."><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span aria-hidden="true">Barry the bald eagle soars from coast to coast to meet state birds and learn about their homes. 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6th state</li><li><b>Population (as of July 2016):</b> 6,811,779</li><li><b>Capital:</b> Boston</li><li><b>Biggest City:</b> Boston</li><li><b>Abbreviation:</b> MA</li><li><b>State bird:</b> black-capped chickadee</li><li><b>State flower:</b> mayflower</li></ul>","header":"Fast Facts","theme":"blue"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-2","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-2","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>People started living in what’s now called Massachusetts about 12,000 years ago, when retreating glaciers uncovered the land. Some artifacts have even been discovered in lakes and rivers created by melting glaciers. Thousands of years later <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast\" target=\"_blank\">Native American tribes</a> including the <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast\" target=\"_blank\">Wampanoag</a>, Mohegan, and Mohican lived on the land.</p><p>In 1620 a ship called the <i>Mayflower</i> arrived at Cape Cod carrying settlers called Pilgrims. These people were escaping religious persecution in <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/united-kingdom\" target=\"_blank\">England</a> and created the first permanent European settlement in New England, called Plymouth. (New England is a region in the northeastern United States that was settled by people from England.) Soon after the Pilgrims celebrated the <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/first-thanksgiving\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">first Thanksgiving</a> with members of the <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast\" target=\"_blank\">Wampanoag</a> tribe, which still exists in Massachusetts today.</p><p>Massachusetts has been the scene of many historical events. In 1639 America’s first post office opened in Boston. In 1692 and 1693, untrue rumors led to <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/salem-witch-trials\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">witch hunts in Salem</a>, Massachusetts. And in 1876 Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated the first telephone.</p><p>But Massachusetts may be most historically significant for the role its people played in the Revolutionary War. Anger erupted in 1770 after five colonists were killed by British soldiers in what’s known as the Boston Massacre. Three years later, colonists disguised as Native Americans threw cases of tea into Boston Harbor to protest high taxes from England. The event is now known as the Boston Tea Party. In 1775 the Battles of Lexington and Concord became the first fight of the Revolutionary War. The movement of the British troops prompted silversmith Paul Revere to make his famous midnight ride to warn the colonists. Five years after the war ended, Massachusetts became the sixth U.S. state in 1788.</p>","theme":"green","title":"HISTORY"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-3","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-3","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>Massachusetts’ name might come from the Massachusett tribe, whose name can be translated to “near the great hill” or “near the range of hills.” It refers to the Blue Hills, southwest of Boston.</p><p>The state’s nickname the Bay State may originate from its many bays, or it might refer to the Massachusetts Bay Company, which was given a royal charter to colonize the land.</p>","theme":"green","title":"WHY’S IT CALLED THAT?"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-4","cntnt":{"cmsType":"imagegroup","hasCopyright":true,"id":"inline-4","align":"contentWidth","groupCredit":"ThereseMcK, iStockphoto (elm); Michael Mill, Dreamstime (chickadee); Sarah Jessup, Shutterstock (mayflower); Kary Nieuwenhuis, iStockphoto (quarter)","images":[{"aspectRatio":1.3333333333333333,"image":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag.png"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_16x9.png"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_3x2.png"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_square.png"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_2x3.png"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_3x4.png"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_4x3.png"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag_2x1.png"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag.png","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag.png","ttl":"Massachusetts state flag"},"src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/2cf1ccfd-b792-4e72-8416-129a25dfbe17/massachusetts-flag.png","title":"Massachusetts state flag"},{"aspectRatio":1.3333333333333333,"image":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons.jpg","crdt":"ThereseMcK, iStockphoto (elm); Michael Mill, Dreamstime (chickadee); Sarah Jessup, Shutterstock (mayflower); Kary Nieuwenhuis, iStockphoto (quarter)","dsc":"Massachusetts state tree, bird, flower, quarter","ttl":"Massachusetts state tree, bird, flower, quarter"},"src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/d40fed27-78d2-41b9-aefd-690fecef7495/massachusetts-icons.jpg","title":"Massachusetts state symbols"}],"size":"small"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-5","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-5","hasCopyright":true,"image":{"cmsType":"image","hasCopyright":true,"id":"bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d","lines":3,"positionMetaBottom":true,"showMore":true,"image":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.6017316017316017,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map.png"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_16x9.png"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_3x2.png"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_square.png"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_2x3.png"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_3x4.png"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_4x3.png"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_2x1.png"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map.png","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map.png"},"imageSrc":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map_16x9.png?w=636&h=358","hideTitle":true,"hideCredit":true},"imageSrc":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/bd53538d-445c-4c87-a3a3-a59dc0f4a09d/massachusetts-map.png","text":"<p>Massachusetts is a New England state bordered by <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/new-hampshire\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">New Hampshire</a> and <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/vermont\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Vermont</a> in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the east, <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/rhode-island\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Rhode Island</a> and <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/connecticut\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Connecticut</a> in the south, and <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/new-york\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">New York</a> in the west.</p><p>What looks like a big hook in Massachusetts’ eastern coastline is actually land created by glaciers that exposed many rocky bays. Called the Coastal Lowland, this hilly, wet area includes Cape Cod Bay, Martha’s Vineyard, and the Nantucket Islands, all great for fishing, boating, and vacationing.</p><p>The center of the state has streams and plains with gentle hills. Toward the west, the land rises into mountains. It includes a popular spot for fall-leaf watching called the Berkshires, as well as Massachusetts’ highest point, Mount Greylock. In the far west are the Taconic Mountains.</p>","theme":"green","title":"GEOGRAPHY AND LANDFORMS"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-6","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-6","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p><a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Mammals</a> such as black bears, <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/bobcat\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">bobcats</a>, eastern <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/coyote\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">coyotes</a>, moose, and white-tailed deer roam around Massachusetts. <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/facts/bald-eagle\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Bald eagles</a>, wild turkeys, northern cardinals, blue jays, mourning doves, and American robins fly through the state, and snapping turtles, eastern ribbonsnakes, and five-lined skinks are among Massachusetts’ <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/reptiles\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">reptiles</a>. Eastern newts, <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians/facts/american-bullfrog\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">American bullfrogs</a>, and American toads are a few of the Bay State’s best-known <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">amphibians</a>.</p><p>Sugar maples, eastern white pines, sycamores, and American elms (the state tree) grow in the state’s forests. Massachusetts is also filled with wildflowers such as New England asters, blue violets, wild bleeding hearts, black-eyed Susans, and oxeye daisies.</p>","theme":"green","title":"WILDLIFE"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-7","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-7","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>The state’s fertile soil and its harbors (the Bay State has more than 1,500 miles of coastline), produce plenty of crops and seafood. Local farmers grow about 25 percent of the cranberries in the <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/united-states\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">United States</a>!</p>","theme":"green","title":"NATURAL RESOURCES"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-8","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-8","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>—Boston cream pie—chocolate-iced white cake filled with custard—is the official state dessert. But it’s not the only famous Massachusetts goodie: Chocolate chip cookies were invented here!</p><p>—Paul Revere, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, John Hancock, Susan B. Anthony, and Dr. Seuss (whose real name is Theodor Seuss Geisel) were all born in Massachusetts.</p><p>—You can visit Plymouth Rock, the boulder that’s said to be the exact spot where the Pilgrims stepped off the <i>Mayflower</i>. It’s less than half the size today as it was in the 1600s—tourists kept chipping off pieces!</p><p>—Boston’s Freedom Trail is a painted line through the city that leads history buffs to 16 official Revolutionary sites—including the Paul Revere House, where Revere lived at the time of his famous midnight ride.</p><p>—In the late 1600s about 20 people died because they were accused of witchcraft in a series of hearings called the Salem witch trials.</p>","theme":"green","title":"FUN STUFF"},"type":"inline","style":{}}],"cid":"drn:src:natgeo:unison::prod:fd9c0988-2d53-45e0-981d-6864051a6b2d","cntrbGrp":[{"contributors":[{"displayName":"Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh"}],"title":"By","rl":"Writer"}],"mode":"richtext","dscrptn":"Get facts and photos about the 6th state.","enableAds":true,"endbug":true,"isMetered":false,"isUserAuthed":false,"isTruncated":false,"isEntitled":false,"freemiumContentGatingEnabled":false,"premiumContentGatingEnabled":false,"ldMda":{"aspectRatio":"16x9","cmsType":"photogallery","id":"f3c54e93-0465-3ebe-8bc2-b62a1ec7ec21","media":[{"caption":{"credit":"Photograph by Bratty1206, Dreamstime","text":"Old Sturbridge Village depicts a rural New England town of the 1830s, including homes, a school, country store, working farm, and water-powered mills."},"img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge.jpg","altText":"Old Sturbridge Village depicts a rural New England town of the 1830s, including homes, a school, country store, working farm, and water-powered mills.","crdt":"Photograph by Bratty1206, Dreamstime","dsc":"Old Sturbridge Village depicts a rural New England town of the 1830s, including homes, a school, country store, working farm, and water-powered mills.","ttl":"Old Sturbridge Village Massachusetts"}},{"caption":{"credit":"Photograph by Melissa Groo / National Geographic Image Collection","text":"Bobcats can pounce up to 12 feet!"},"img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/6b30ea89-ba47-4f31-9f9e-6a2229710b6c/Jumping_Bobcats_KIDS_0323.jpg","altText":"Bobcats can pounce up to 12 feet!","crdt":"Photograph by Melissa Groo / National Geographic Image Collection","dsc":"Bobcats can pounce up to 12 feet!","ttl":"Jumping - Bobcat Update","rchDsc":{"markup":"Bobcats can pounce up to 12 feet!"},"rchTtl":{"markup":"Jumping - Bobcat Update"}}}],"disableFullscreen":true,"theme":"dark","richDescription":{"markup":""},"hideEndBug":true,"type":"photogalleryLead","hideLine":true},"mdDt":"2021-10-01T18:41:19.473Z","pbDt":"2019-06-14T11:07:00.000Z","schma":{"athrs":[{"name":"Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh"}],"cnnicl":"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/massachusetts","kywrds":"massachusetts, northeast, u.s. states, profile, pictures, facts, national geographic kids, landmark, environment and conservation, maps","lg":"https://assets-cdn.nationalgeographic.com/natgeo/static/logos/kids-logo.svg","pblshr":"National Geographic Kids","abt":"Landmark","sclDsc":"Get facts and photos about the 6th state.","sclImg":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/65c4f51a-3aaa-43c1-b322-bb6633430dcf/massachusetts-stur-bridge_16x9.jpg?w=1200","sclTtl":"Massachusetts Pictures and Facts"},"sctn":"Geography","title":"Massachusetts","wrdcnt":1}]}],"cmsType":"ArticleBodyFrame"},{},{"id":"natgeokids-web-template-readthisnext-frame","mods":[{"id":"natgeokids-web-template-readthisnext-module","cmsType":"RecirculationGridModule","itemTruncate":{"description":4,"title":4},"contentList":[{"description":"Get facts and photos of the U.S. states and territories, and the District of Columbia.","img":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/da2dc20e-eaf3-419e-b8e7-bfba66745fe6/unitedstates_ngkhub.jpg","crdt":"Map by Martin Walz","dsc":"U.S. State hub","ttl":"U.S. State hub","ratio":"3x2"},"isFeatured":true,"headline":"U.S. states and territories facts and photos","link":"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states"},{"description":"Barry the bald eagle soars from coast to coast to meet state birds and learn about their homes. Each episode is an animated rap music video focusing on the big cities, history, landmarks, and significant geographical areas of each 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