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Eisteddfod</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Llangollen International Eisteddfod<br /><div style="display:inline;" class="nickname" lang="cym"><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy">Eisteddfod Ryngwladol Llangollen</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_(21204900011).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_%2821204900011%29.jpg/250px-Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_%2821204900011%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_%2821204900011%29.jpg/375px-Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_%2821204900011%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_%2821204900011%29.jpg/500px-Rufus_and_Lucy_Wainwright_at_Llangollen_International_Eisteddfod_summer_2015_%2821204900011%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3868" data-file-height="2443" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Wainwright" title="Rufus Wainwright">Rufus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Wainwright_Roche" title="Lucy Wainwright Roche">Lucy Wainwright</a> at the event in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Llangollen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">June 1947<span class="noprint">; 77 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1947-06</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Participants</th><td class="infobox-data">4,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Attendance</th><td class="infobox-data">50,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data">Dave Danford</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://international-eisteddfod.co.uk/">international-eisteddfod<wbr />.co<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg/220px-GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg/330px-GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg/440px-GGMC_at_Llangollen_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1836" data-file-height="999" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Men%27s_Chorus" title="Golden Gate Men's Chorus">Golden Gate Men's Chorus</a> at the event in July 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod</b> is a music festival which takes place every year during the second week of July in <a href="/wiki/Llangollen" title="Llangollen">Llangollen</a>, North <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>. It is one of several large annual <a href="/wiki/Eisteddfodau" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisteddfodau">Eisteddfodau</a> in Wales. Singers and dancers from around the world are invited to take part in over 20 competitions followed each evening by concerts on the main stage. Over five thousand singers, dancers and instrumentalists from around 50 countries perform to audiences of more than 50,000 over the 6 days of the event. </p><p>Famous performers at Llangollen have included <a href="/wiki/Luciano_Pavarotti" title="Luciano Pavarotti">Luciano Pavarotti</a> (who first competed in Llangollen in 1955 with his father and a choir from their home town <a href="/wiki/Modena" title="Modena">Modena</a>, and for whom the Eisteddfod's principal trophy – the Choir of the World Pavarotti Trophy – is named<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Alexandrov_Ensemble" title="Alexandrov Ensemble">Red Army Ensemble</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Lloyd_Webber" title="Julian Lloyd Webber">Julian Lloyd Webber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ladysmith_Black_Mambazo" title="Ladysmith Black Mambazo">Ladysmith Black Mambazo</a>. The final Sunday Evening Gala Concert has featured <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Jenkins" title="Katherine Jenkins">Katherine Jenkins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bryn_Terfel" title="Bryn Terfel">Bryn Terfel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Galway" title="James Galway">James Galway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montserrat_Caballe" class="mw-redirect" title="Montserrat Caballe">Montserrat Caballe</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod" title="Special:EditPage/Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_(7500262970).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500262970%29.jpg/250px-Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500262970%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500262970%29.jpg/375px-Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500262970%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500262970%29.jpg/500px-Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500262970%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="445" /></a><figcaption>Dancing at the 1957 Eisteddfod</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_(7500016408).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500016408%29.jpg/220px-Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500016408%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500016408%29.jpg/330px-Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500016408%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500016408%29.jpg/440px-Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod_%287500016408%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="490" /></a><figcaption>Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod, 1954</figcaption></figure> <p>The origins of the International Eisteddfod<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> go back to 1943, when Harold Tudor, an officer of the <a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council</a>, arranged a visit for members of <a href="/wiki/Government-in-exile" title="Government-in-exile">governments-in-exile</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_National_Eisteddfod" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh National Eisteddfod">Welsh National Eisteddfod</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bangor,_Gwynedd" title="Bangor, Gwynedd">Bangor</a>. The excursion was well received, especially by the noted writer and poet Juraj Slavik, the Minister for the Interior in the <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> government-in-exile. Following the visit he wrote to Tudor praising the value of music as a way of healing the effects of war. The following year an international concert was held as part of the Llandybie National Eisteddfod. </p><p>Towards the end of 1945 Tudor proposed that an international choral festival be added to the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Welsh_National_Eisteddfod" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh National Eisteddfod">Welsh National Eisteddfod</a>; however, the Council of the National Eisteddfod felt that as all their effort was directed to rebuilding their own organisation, they could not take on such a scheme. Tudor modified his proposal into an independent music festival, and found support for this idea from <a href="/wiki/W._S._Gwynn_Williams" title="W. S. Gwynn Williams">W. S. Gwynn Williams</a>, Welsh composer and music publisher, and George Northing, a teacher from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinas_Br%C3%A2n_County_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinas Brân County School (page does not exist)">Ysgol Dinas Brân</a> and chairman of Llangollen town council. Gwynn Williams and Northing both pressed for the Eisteddfod to be in their home town of <a href="/wiki/Llangollen" title="Llangollen">Llangollen</a>. </p><p>The public gave support to this idea at two public meetings in May 1946, but concerns were also raised about who would come, where the event would be held and how the event would be financed. The British Council offered to help find choirs from Europe and to give financial support; however, the town decided to raise the money through a public subscription, and quickly gathered over £1100. George Northing was appointed as director of the executive board; Gwynn Williams became music director; Harold Tudor was director of publicity; and W. Clayton Russon, a local businessman and <a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Merionethshire" class="mw-redirect" title="High Sheriff of Merionethshire">High Sheriff of Merionethshire</a>, became president. </p><p>Plans to hold the event on the school field of Dinas Brân County School progressed throughout 1946-47. Accommodation for the overseas competitors would be in houses in the town and surrounding area, and domestic participants would be given beds in church and school halls. As <a href="/wiki/Rationing" title="Rationing">rationing</a> was still in place, ration coupons had to be found for all the visitors, and the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Food_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Food (United Kingdom)">Minister of Food</a> was eventually persuaded to supply these. </p><p>In June 1947 it was time for competitors to travel to Llangollen, but a railway strike had started in France, and there was serious doubt as to whether any overseas competitors would be able to arrive. The organisers were relieved when the first coach of competitors arrived, bringing the ladies' choir Grupo Musical Feminino from <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a>. They were the eventual winners of the Ladies Competition, whilst the Men's Competition was won by the Hungarian workers' choir, who had completed their journey to Wales by hitch-hiking when their train had been cancelled at <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a> because of the French strike. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">Esperanto Society</a> played a significant part in the first year, when it was felt that there could be a shortage of participants. <a href="/wiki/Reto_Rossetti" title="Reto Rossetti">Reto Rossetti</a>, a well-known figure and author in the Esperanto movement, was asked to help, and through publicity in Esperanto magazines and to the surprise of the organisers, several groups contacted the Eisteddfod committee. Two troupes of Spanish dancers, on a tour of Britain sponsored by the British Council and the Esperanto Society, arrived and despite there not being a dance competition in the first year, performed to delighted audiences. Folk dance competitions have featured in every subsequent Llangollen Eisteddfod. The eisteddfod was brought to close with what has now become the traditional Sunday concert, featuring Sir John Barbirolli and the <a href="/wiki/Hall%C3%A9_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallé Orchestra">Hallé Orchestra</a>. The 1947 International Eisteddfod was hailed as an unqualified success, with praise for the organisers, the founders, and all the competitors. There was even a surplus of £1,432 to be used for the next year's event. </p><p>In 1949, just four years after the end of the war, there was a major test mission to promote reconciliation when a choir from <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> came to compete at the Eisteddfod. However there had been Austrian and Italian choirs. As the choir tell it in a letter now in the Clwyd archive in <a href="/wiki/Ruthin" title="Ruthin">Ruthin</a>, there was a tearful welcome from the eisteddfod helpers and the townspeople, with tea and sandwiches, when the choir arrived at the Llangollen station. Later, the festival's compère Mr Hywel Roberts introduced the choir with the words: "Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome our friends from Germany." The town organised a concert to help the choir raise funds, and in 2015 members of the choir were still corresponding with Llangollen friends. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motto">Motto</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Motto"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Welsh motto of the International Eisteddfod, "<i>Byd gwyn fydd byd a gano. Gwaraidd fydd ei gerddi fo</i>", was composed by the poet <a href="/wiki/T._Gwynn_Jones" title="T. Gwynn Jones">T. Gwynn Jones</a> in 1946, a few months after the eisteddfod was establshed. It has appeared on the Eisteddfod trophies, artwork and various artefacts of the eisteddfod for 75 years.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is usually translated as: "Blessed is a world that sings. Gentle are its songs." </p><p>However the word <i>gwyn</i> has a number of meanings, for example "white" as well as "pure" or "holy", and it is used many times in the Bible, for example in the <a href="/wiki/Beatitudes" title="Beatitudes">Beatitudes</a>, to translate the Greek word μακάριοι, where English uses "blessed". It is said that Gwynn Williams was referring to this in selecting the motto. However in March 2023, it appeared that the motto was being misinterpreted by English speakers to mean the colour "white". There was a proposal for the eisteddfod to change its motto, but there was a wave of opposition to this, and it did not proceed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recent_years">Recent years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Recent years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg/220px-Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg/330px-Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg/440px-Llangollen_Pavilion_-_geograph.org.uk_-_699516.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The Pavilion at the event.</figcaption></figure> <p>The 2007 Eisteddfod included performances by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Baez" title="Joan Baez">Joan Baez</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hayley_Westenra" title="Hayley Westenra">Hayley Westenra</a>. In 2008, there were performances by <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Paige" title="Elaine Paige">Elaine Paige</a>, <a href="/wiki/All_Angels" title="All Angels">All Angels</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alfie_Boe" title="Alfie Boe">Alfie Boe</a>; in 2009, performances by <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Dickson" title="Barbara Dickson">Barbara Dickson</a>, Sir <a href="/wiki/Willard_White" title="Willard White">Willard White</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blake_(band)" title="Blake (band)">Blake</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Marsh" title="Natasha Marsh">Natasha Marsh</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/James_Bond" title="James Bond">James Bond</a> 007 spectacular, featuring the Orchestra of <a href="/wiki/Welsh_National_Opera" title="Welsh National Opera">Welsh National Opera</a>, as the Sunday finale; 2010 saw performances by <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Jenkins" title="Katherine Jenkins">Katherine Jenkins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Kennedy" title="Nigel Kennedy">Nigel Kennedy</a>. In 2011 there were concerts featuring <a href="/wiki/Lulu_(singer)" title="Lulu (singer)">Lulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russell_Watson" title="Russell Watson">Russell Watson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faryl_Smith" title="Faryl Smith">Faryl Smith</a>, Ruthie Henshaw and <a href="/wiki/McFly" title="McFly">McFly</a>. </p><p>In 2012 the Eisteddfod played host to <a href="/wiki/Lesley_Garrett" title="Lesley Garrett">Lesley Garrett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alison_Balsom" title="Alison Balsom">Alison Balsom</a>, Nicola Benedettii and <a href="/wiki/Sian_Edwards" title="Sian Edwards">Sian Edwards</a> in a celebration concert for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. There were also appearances by <a href="/wiki/Alfie_Boe" title="Alfie Boe">Alfie Boe</a>, Steffan Morris, and Valentina Nafornta, and a performance of <a href="/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins">Karl Jenkins</a>'s new work "The Peacemakers" by a specially formed massed choir accompanied by the Llangollen International Eisteddfod Orchestra. The week was rounded off by the Grand Finale Concert, featuring Fflur Wyn, <a href="/wiki/Wynne_Evans" title="Wynne Evans">Wynne Evans</a>, Mark Llewelyn Evans, <a href="/wiki/John_Owen-Jones" title="John Owen-Jones">John Owen-Jones</a> and Richard Balcombe. </p><p>In recent years the Sunday evening concert has been given over to more "popular" music. Starting with <a href="/wiki/McFly" title="McFly">McFly</a> in 2011, subsequent concerts have included <a href="/wiki/UB40" title="UB40">UB40</a>, <a href="/wiki/Status_Quo_(band)" title="Status Quo (band)">Status Quo (band)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Manic_Street_Preachers" title="Manic Street Preachers">Manic Street Preachers</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parade">Parade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Parade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Parade" title="Parade">parade</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is usually held on the Tuesday of the Eisteddfod week, in which both the locals and visitors, take part <a href="/wiki/Dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Dancing">dancing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">singing</a>, and playing <a href="/wiki/Musical_instruments" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical instruments">musical instruments</a>, whilst marching the streets of Llangollen. However, in 2016 the parade was moved to the Friday to enable more competitors to take part.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_festivals_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of music festivals in the United Kingdom">List of music festivals in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_east/3856189.stm">"Trophy honour for Pavarotti"</a>. BBC News. 1 July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Trophy+honour+for+Pavarotti&rft.date=2004-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fwales%2Fnorth_east%2F3856189.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALlangollen+International+Musical+Eisteddfod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/efd34650-838f-3d49-954d-263ca2c0862b">Records of the Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod at the JISC Archive Hub</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.llangollen.com/llangollen-international-eisteddfod-trophies/">The Trophies of Llangollen International Musical Eisteddfod</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.international-eisteddfod.co.uk/en/whats-on/the-parade-of-nations">Parade of Nations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110308011251/http://international-eisteddfod.co.uk/en/whats-on/the-parade-of-nations">Archived</a> 2011-03-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://international-eisteddfod.co.uk/sex-and-the-city-singers-bring-musical-fizz-to-llangollen/">Sex and the City singers bring musical fizz to Llangollen</a>". Llangollen 2016. 15 April 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2016.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llangollen_International_Musical_Eisteddfod&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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