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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ostatnie zmiany</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="wolna encyklopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-pl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Szukaj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Szukaj</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" aria-label="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specjalna:Szukaj"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Szukaj</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Zmień rozmiar czcionki, szerokość oraz kolorystykę strony" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wygląd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wygląd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pl.wikipedia.org&uselang=pl" class=""><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&returnto=Kwark+dziwny" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe." class=""><span>Utwórz konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&returnto=Kwark+dziwny" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Zaloguj się</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Więcej opcji" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia osobiste</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu użytkownika" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pl.wikipedia.org&uselang=pl"><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&returnto=Kwark+dziwny" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Utwórz konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&returnto=Kwark+dziwny" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Zobacz_też" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Spis treści" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kwark dziwny</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 50 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vreemdkwark" title="Vreemdkwark – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vreemdkwark" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8" title="كوارك غريب – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوارك غريب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_estra%C3%B1u" title="Quark estrañu – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Quark estrañu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="S-кварк – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="S-кварк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Странен кварк – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Странен кварк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_s" title="Quark s – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Quark s" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark_s" title="Kvark s – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kvark s" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange-kvark" title="Strange-kvark – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Strange-kvark" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange-Quark" title="Strange-Quark – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Strange-Quark" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-kvark" title="S-kvark – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="S-kvark" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_quark" title="Strange quark – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Strange quark" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuark_extra%C3%B1o" title="Cuark extraño – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cuark extraño" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_arraro" title="Quark arraro – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Quark arraro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B4%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA" title="کوارک شگفت – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوارک شگفت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_%C3%A9trange" title="Quark étrange – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Quark étrange" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%AC%98_%EC%BF%BC%ED%81%AC" title="기묘 쿼크 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기묘 쿼크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-%D6%84%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF" title="S-քվարկ – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="S-քվարկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="विचित्र क्वार्क – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विचित्र क्वार्क" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strani_kvark" title="Strani kvark – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Strani kvark" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_strange" title="Quark strange – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Quark strange" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A8" title="קווארק מוזר – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קווארק מוזר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="S-კვარკი – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="S-კვარკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarcum_mirum" title="Quarcum mirum – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quarcum mirum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S_kvarks" title="S kvarks – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="S kvarks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keistasis_kvarkas" title="Keistasis kvarkas – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Keistasis kvarkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_kvark" title="Strange kvark – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Strange kvark" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Чуден кварк – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Чуден кварк" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuark_aneh" title="Kuark aneh – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kuark aneh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="ストレンジクォーク – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ストレンジクォーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A6rkvark" title="Særkvark – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Særkvark" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_estrani" title="Quark estrani – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Quark estrani" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="وکھرا کوارک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وکھرا کوارک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_strange" title="Quark strange – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Quark strange" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="S-кварк – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="S-кварк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_quark" title="Strange quark – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Strange quark" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podivn%C3%BD_kvark" title="Podivný kvark – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Podivný kvark" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark_s" title="Kvark s – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kvark s" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strani_kvark" title="Strani kvark – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Strani kvark" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strani_kvark" title="Strani kvark – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Strani kvark" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outokvarkki" title="Outokvarkki – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Outokvarkki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakaibang_quark" title="Kakaibang quark – tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kakaibang quark" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-kvark" title="S-kvark – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="S-kvark" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garip_kuark" title="Garip kuark – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Garip kuark" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="S-кварк – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="S-кварк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="عجیب کوارک – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عجیب کوارک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_l%E1%BA%A1" title="Quark lạ – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quark lạ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urusahon_nga_quark" title="Urusahon nga quark – waraj" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Urusahon nga quark" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waraj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="奇夸克 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奇夸克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="奇夸克 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="奇夸克" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="奇夸克 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奇夸克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6763#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kwark_dziwny" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja:Kwark_dziwny&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony (strona nie istnieje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kwark_dziwny"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/Kwark_dziwny" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/Kwark_dziwny" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&oldid=73163668" title="Stały link do tej wersji tej strony"><span>Link do tej wersji</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Cytuj&page=Kwark_dziwny&id=73163668&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacja o tym jak należy cytować tę stronę"><span>Cytowanie tego artykułu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6763" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562627">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Kwark dziwny</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs grafika-z-wikidanych"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Strange_quark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Strange_quark.svg/196px-Strange_quark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="196" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Strange_quark.svg/295px-Strange_quark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Strange_quark.svg/393px-Strange_quark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="113" data-file-height="138" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Klasyfikacja </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Fermion" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermion">fermion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kwark" title="Kwark">kwark</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Generacja </th> <td> <p>2 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Symbol </th> <td> <p>s </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Antymateria" title="Antymateria">Antycząstka</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Antykwark" title="Antykwark">kwark antydziwny</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Postulowana </th> <td> <p>1964 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Ładunek </th> <td> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle -{\tfrac {1}{3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle -{\tfrac {1}{3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/edb3e88f738057777c96ebd0a7a7c7c1d1934696" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:3.466ex; height:3.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle -{\tfrac {1}{3}}}"></span> e </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Masa </th> <td> <p>80 do 130 <a href="/wiki/Elektronowolt" title="Elektronowolt">MeV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%99dko%C5%9B%C4%87_%C5%9Bwiat%C5%82a" title="Prędkość światła">c</a>² </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Spin </th> <td> <p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/edef8290613648790a8ac1a95c2fb7c3972aea2f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:1.658ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{2}}}"></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Generacja </th> <td> <p>2 </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Kwark dziwny</b> (<a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_angielski" title="Język angielski">ang.</a> <i>strange</i>, oznaczenie <b>s</b>) – jeden z <a href="/wiki/Kwark" title="Kwark">kwarków</a>. Kwark ten nie występuje w spotykanej we wszechświecie <a href="/wiki/Materia_(fizyka)" title="Materia (fizyka)">materii</a> (istnieją przesłanki, że występuje w <a href="/wiki/Plazma_kwarkowo-gluonowa" title="Plazma kwarkowo-gluonowa">plazmie kwarkowo-gluonowej</a>), występuje jednak w <a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stka_elementarna" title="Cząstka elementarna">cząstkach elementarnych</a> wytwarzanych w <a href="/wiki/Akcelerator_cz%C4%85stek" title="Akcelerator cząstek">akceleratorach</a>, np. <a href="/wiki/Kaon" title="Kaon">kaonach</a> i <a href="/wiki/Omega_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Omega (cząstka)">omegach</a>. </p><p>Istnienie kwarka dziwnego zostało postulowane w <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> przez <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Manna</a> i <a href="/wiki/George_Zweig" title="George Zweig">Zweiga</a> wraz z kwarkami <a href="/wiki/Kwark_g%C3%B3rny" title="Kwark górny">u</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kwark_dolny" title="Kwark dolny">d</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p><p>Parametry kwarka s: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masa_(fizyka)" title="Masa (fizyka)">masa</a>: 80 do 130 <a href="/wiki/Elektronowolt" title="Elektronowolt">MeV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%99dko%C5%9B%C4%87_%C5%9Bwiat%C5%82a" title="Prędkość światła">c</a>²<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81adunek_elektryczny" title="Ładunek elektryczny">ładunek elektryczny</a>: -1/3 e</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izospin" title="Izospin">izospin</a>: 0 (trzecia składowa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spin_(fizyka)" title="Spin (fizyka)">spin</a>: 1/2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stki_dziwne" title="Cząstki dziwne">dziwność</a>: -1</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Materia_dziwna" title="Materia dziwna">materia dziwna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stki_dziwne" title="Cząstki dziwne">cząstki dziwne</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Gordon Fraser: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=0idvEIXwfxsC">The New Physics</a></i>. Cambridge University Press, 2006, s. 91. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/0521816009" title="Specjalna:Książki/0521816009">ISBN <span class="isbn">0-521-81600-9</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Physics&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.pages=91&rft.isbn=0-521-81600-9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0idvEIXwfxsC"></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Eidelman, S. <i>et al.</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2004.06.001"><em>Review of Particle Physics</em></a>. „Physics Letters B”. 592 (July 15, 2004). 1-4. s. 1-5.</cite><span class="Z3988" 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Użyj przycisku podglądu przed zapisaniem zmian."><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Cz%C4%85stki_elementarne&action=edit">e</a></li></ul><div class="navbox-title caption"><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stka" title="Cząstka">Cząstki w fizyce</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content navbox-main-content inner-group"><div class="tr a1 mw-collapsible" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><span class="fakebar"></span><div class="navbox-group opis"><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stka_elementarna" title="Cząstka elementarna">Elementarne</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><table class="a1 inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Fermiony" title="Fermiony">Fermiony</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_1_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Kwark" title="Kwark">Kwarki</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwark_g%C3%B3rny" title="Kwark górny">u</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwark_dolny" title="Kwark dolny">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwark_powabny" title="Kwark powabny">c</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwark_t" title="Kwark t">t</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwark_b" title="Kwark b">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antykwark" title="Antykwark">antykwarki</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_1_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Lepton_(mechanika_kwantowa)" title="Lepton (mechanika kwantowa)">Leptony</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">e<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pozyton" title="Pozyton">e<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mion" title="Mion">µ<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antymion" class="mw-redirect" title="Antymion">µ<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taon" title="Taon">τ<sup>-</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antytaon" title="Antytaon">τ<sup>+</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">ν<sub>e</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>e</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">ν<sub>µ</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>µ</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino">ν<sub>τ</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino" title="Neutrino"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><sub>τ</sub></a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a1_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bozony" title="Bozony">Bozony</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_2_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bozony_cechowania" title="Bozony cechowania">Cechowania</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozon_W" title="Bozon W">W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozon_Z" title="Bozon Z">Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_(bozon_cechowania)" title="B (bozon cechowania)">B</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_2_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stka_skalarna" title="Cząstka skalarna">Skalar</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bozon_Higgsa" title="Bozon Higgsa">H</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a1_3"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Inne</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duchy_Fadiejewa-Popowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duchy Fadiejewa-Popowa (strona nie istnieje)">duchy Fadiejewa-Popowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biegun_Landaua" title="Biegun Landaua">duch Landaua</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_4"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Hipotetyczne</th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_4_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Supersymetria" title="Supersymetria">Superpartnerzy</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1_4_1_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Gaugino" title="Gaugino">Gaugina</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gluino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gluino (strona nie istnieje)">gluino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grawitino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grawitino (strona nie istnieje)">grawitino</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a1_4_1_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Inne</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chargino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chargino (strona nie istnieje)">chargino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Higsino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Higsino (strona nie istnieje)">higsino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutralino" title="Neutralino">neutralino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skwark" title="Skwark">skwarki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slepton" title="Slepton">sleptony</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a1_4_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Inne</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksjon" title="Aksjon">aksjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85stka_Plancka" title="Cząstka Plancka">cząstka Plancka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dylaton" title="Dylaton">dylaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grawiton" title="Grawiton">grawiton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majoron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majoron (strona nie istnieje)">majoron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preon" title="Preon">preon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermion_Majorany" title="Fermion Majorany">fermion Majorany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monopol_magnetyczny" title="Monopol magnetyczny">monopol magnetyczny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachion" title="Tachion">tachion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozony_X_i_Y" title="Bozony X i Y">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozony_X_i_Y" title="Bozony X i Y">Y</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bozony_W%E2%80%B2_i_Z%E2%80%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bozony W′ i Z′ (strona nie istnieje)">W′</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bozony_W%E2%80%B2_i_Z%E2%80%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bozony W′ i Z′ (strona nie istnieje)">Z′</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino_sterylne" title="Neutrino sterylne">neutrino sterylne</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="tr a2 mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><span class="fakebar"></span><div class="navbox-group opis">Złożone</div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><table class="a2 inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a2_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hadrony" title="Hadrony">Hadrony</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a2_1_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bariony" title="Bariony">Bariony</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hiperony" title="Hiperony">Hiperony</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nukleony" title="Nukleony">N</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antyproton" title="Antyproton"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">p</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">n</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron"><span style="text-decoration:overline;">n</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Delta (cząstka)">Δ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Lambda (cząstka)">Λ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Sigma (cząstka)">Σ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksi_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Ksi (cząstka)">Ξ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Omega (cząstka)">Ω</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a2_1_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mezony" title="Mezony">Mezony</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kwarkonium" title="Kwarkonium">Kwarkonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pion_(cz%C4%85stka)" title="Pion (cząstka)">π</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezon_eta" title="Mezon eta">η</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezon_rho" title="Mezon rho">ρ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaon" title="Kaon">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezon_fi" title="Mezon fi">φ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezon_D" title="Mezon D">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezon_B" title="Mezon B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czarmonium" title="Czarmonium">czarmonium</a> (J/ψ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottomonium" title="Bottomonium">bottomonium</a> (Υ)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="a2_3"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Inne</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%85dro_atomowe" title="Jądro atomowe">jądra atomowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiperj%C4%85dro" title="Hiperjądro">hiperjądra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_egzotyczny" title="Atom egzotyczny">atomy egzotyczne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pozytonium" title="Pozytonium">pozytonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mionium" title="Mionium">mionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pionium" title="Pionium">pionium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protonium" title="Protonium">protonium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Superatom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superatom (strona nie istnieje)">superatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%85steczka" title="Cząsteczka">cząsteczki</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a2_4"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Hipotetyczne</th><td class="navbox-list spis"><table class="inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a2_4_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hadrony_egzotyczne" title="Hadrony egzotyczne">Hadrony egzotyczne</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bariony_egzotyczne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bariony egzotyczne (strona nie istnieje)">bariony egzotyczne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentakwark" title="Pentakwark">pentakwarki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dibarion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dibarion (strona nie istnieje)">dibariony</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezony_egzotyczne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezony egzotyczne (strona nie istnieje)">mezony egzotyczne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kula_gluonowa" title="Kula gluonowa">kule gluonowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrakwark" title="Tetrakwark">tetrakwarki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moleku%C5%82a_mezonowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molekuła mezonowa (strona nie istnieje)">molekuły mezonowe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a2_4_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Interpretacja</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikwark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikwark (strona nie istnieje)">dikwarki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skyrmion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skyrmion (strona nie istnieje)">skyrmiony</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomeron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomeron (strona nie istnieje)">pomerony</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="tr a3 mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><span class="fakebar"></span><div class="navbox-group opis"><a href="/wiki/Kwazicz%C4%85stka" title="Kwazicząstka">Kwazicząstki</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><table class="a3 inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a3_1"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Elektrony i dziury</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dziura_elektronowa" title="Dziura elektronowa">dziura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekscyton" title="Ekscyton">ekscyton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trion_(fizyka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trion (fizyka) (strona nie istnieje)">trion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biekscyton" title="Biekscyton">biekscyton</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a3_2"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Fonony i pokrewne</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fonon" title="Fonon">fonon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bipolaron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bipolaron (strona nie istnieje)">bipolaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaron" title="Polaron">polaron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polaryton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polaryton (strona nie istnieje)">polaryton</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a3_3"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Separacja_spinowo-%C5%82adunkowa" title="Separacja spinowo-ładunkowa">Separacja spinowo-ładunkowa</a></th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holon_(cz%C4%85stka)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holon (cząstka) (strona nie istnieje)">holon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiton" title="Orbiton">orbiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separacja_spinowo-%C5%82adunkowa" title="Separacja spinowo-ładunkowa">spinon</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a3_4"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Odpowiedniki cz. elementarnych</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anyon" title="Anyon">anyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermion_Majorany" title="Fermion Majorany">fermion Majorany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monopol_magnetyczny" title="Monopol magnetyczny">monopol magnetyczny</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skyrmion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skyrmion (strona nie istnieje)">skyrmion</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr class="a3_5"><th class="navbox-group opis" scope="row">Inne</th><td class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-even"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fazon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fazon (strona nie istnieje)">fazon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frakton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frakton (strona nie istnieje)">frakton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konfiguron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konfiguron (strona nie istnieje)">konfiguron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewiton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewiton (strona nie istnieje)">lewiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnon" title="Magnon">magnon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plazmaron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plazmaron (strona nie istnieje)">plazmaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazmon_(fizyka)" title="Plazmon (fizyka)">plazmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roton" title="Roton">roton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soliton_Dawydowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soliton Dawydowa (strona nie istnieje)">soliton Dawydowa</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562624">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">typ cząstki</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4346665-5">4346665-5</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/strange-quark">science/strange-quark</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-21415293.xml">21415293</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&oldid=73163668">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kwark_dziwny&oldid=73163668</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Kwarki" title="Kategoria:Kwarki">Kwarki</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> 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