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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-단열_과정의_예" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#단열_과정의_예"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>단열 과정의 예</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-단열_과정의_예-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>단열 과정의 예 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-단열_과정의_예-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-단열_팽창" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#단열_팽창"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>단열 팽창</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-단열_팽창-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-단열_압축" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#단열_압축"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>단열 압축</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-단열_압축-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-이상_기체의_가역_단열_과정" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#이상_기체의_가역_단열_과정"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>이상 기체의 가역 단열 과정</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-이상_기체의_가역_단열_과정-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">단열과정</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 63개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabaties" title="Adiabaties – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Adiabaties" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%83%D8%B8%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9" title="عملية كظومة – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عملية كظومة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procesu_adiab%C3%A1ticu" title="Procesu adiabáticu – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Procesu adiabáticu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatik_proses" title="Adiabatik proses – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Adiabatik proses" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Адыябатны працэс – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Адыябатны працэс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Адиабатен процес – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Адиабатен процес" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="রুদ্ধতাপীয় প্রক্রিয়া – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রুদ্ধতাপীয় প্রক্রিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%85%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="དྲོད་གཅོད་རྒྱུད་རིམ། – 티베트어" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དྲོད་གཅོད་རྒྱུད་རིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="티베트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adijabatski_proces" title="Adijabatski proces – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Adijabatski proces" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_adiab%C3%A0tic" title="Procés adiabàtic – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Procés adiabàtic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatick%C3%BD_d%C4%9Bj" title="Adiabatický děj – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Adiabatický děj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatisk_proces" title="Adiabatisk proces – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Adiabatisk proces" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatische_Zustands%C3%A4nderung" title="Adiabatische Zustandsänderung – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Adiabatische Zustandsänderung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AE" title="Αδιαβατική μεταβολή – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αδιαβατική μεταβολή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_process" title="Adiabatic process – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Adiabatic process" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabata_procezo" title="Adiabata procezo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Adiabata procezo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceso_adiab%C3%A1tico" title="Proceso adiabático – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Proceso adiabático" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabaatiline_protsess" title="Adiabaatiline protsess – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Adiabaatiline protsess" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prozesu_adiabatiko" title="Prozesu adiabatiko – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Prozesu adiabatiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B1%D9%88" title="فرایند بی‌دررو – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرایند بی‌دررو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabaattinen_prosessi" title="Adiabaattinen prosessi – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Adiabaattinen prosessi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processus_adiabatique" title="Processus adiabatique – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Processus adiabatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%B3iseas_aidiabatach" title="Próiseas aidiabatach – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Próiseas aidiabatach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceso_adiab%C3%A1tico" title="Proceso adiabático – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Proceso adiabático" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9A_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99%D7%90%D7%91%D7%98%D7%99" title="תהליך אדיאבטי – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תהליך אדיאבטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE" title="रुद्धोष्म प्रक्रम – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रुद्धोष्म प्रक्रम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adijabatski_proces" title="Adijabatski proces – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Adijabatski proces" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatikus_%C3%A1llapotv%C3%A1ltoz%C3%A1s" title="Adiabatikus állapotváltozás – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Adiabatikus állapotváltozás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%A8%D5%B6%D5%A9%D5%A1%D6%81" title="Ադիաբատական գործընթաց – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ադիաբատական գործընթաց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proses_adiabatik" title="Proses adiabatik – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Proses adiabatik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasformazione_adiabatica" title="Trasformazione adiabatica – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Trasformazione adiabatica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AD%E7%86%B1%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B" title="断熱過程 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="断熱過程" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Адиабаттық процестер – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Адиабаттық процестер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Адиабата процесси – 키르기스어" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Адиабата процесси" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="키르기스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatesche_Prozess" title="Adiabatesche Prozess – 룩셈부르크어" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Adiabatesche Prozess" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="룩셈부르크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatinis_procesas" title="Adiabatinis procesas – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Adiabatinis procesas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiab%C4%81tisks_process" title="Adiabātisks process – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Adiabātisks process" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Адијабатски процес – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Адијабатски процес" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="അഡയബാറ്റിക് പ്രക്രിയ – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അഡയബാറ്റിക് പ്രക്രിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81" title="Адиабат процесс – 몽골어" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Адиабат процесс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="몽골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatisch_proces" title="Adiabatisch proces – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Adiabatisch proces" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatisk_prosess" title="Adiabatisk prosess – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Adiabatisk prosess" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatisk_prosess" title="Adiabatisk prosess – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Adiabatisk prosess" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proc%C3%A8s_adiabatic" title="Procès adiabatic – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Procès adiabatic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przemiana_adiabatyczna" title="Przemiana adiabatyczna – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przemiana adiabatyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_adiab%C3%A1tico" title="Sistema adiabático – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema adiabático" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proces_adiabatic" title="Proces adiabatic – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Proces adiabatic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="좋은 글"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81" title="Адиабатический процесс – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Адиабатический процесс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adijabatski_proces" title="Adijabatski proces – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Adijabatski proces" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_process" title="Adiabatic process – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Adiabatic process" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatick%C3%BD_dej" title="Adiabatický dej – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Adiabatický dej" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatna_sprememba" title="Adiabatna sprememba – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Adiabatna sprememba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Адијабатски процес – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Адијабатски процес" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatisk_process" title="Adiabatisk process – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Adiabatisk process" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="மாறாவெப்பச் செயல்முறை – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாறாவெப்பச் செயல்முறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="กระบวนการอะเดียแบติก – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระบวนการอะเดียแบติก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adyabatik" title="Adyabatik – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Adyabatik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Адіабатичний процес – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Адіабатичний процес" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatik_jarayon" title="Adiabatik jarayon – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Adiabatik jarayon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A1_tr%C3%ACnh_%C4%91o%E1%BA%A1n_nhi%E1%BB%87t" title="Quá trình đoạn nhiệt – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quá trình đoạn nhiệt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%9D%E7%83%AD%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="绝热过程 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="绝热过程" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%9D%E7%83%AD%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="绝热过程 – 중국어" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311371"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311371"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="열역학">열역학</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%85%B8_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80" title="카르노 기관"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/220px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/330px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg/440px-Carnot_heat_engine_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="370" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption" style="padding:0.5em 0.2em 0.6em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; display:block;margin-bottom:0.1em;">고전적 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%85%B8_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80" title="카르노 기관">카르노 기관</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;">분과</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="열역학">고전열역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="통계역학">통계역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="화학열역학">화학열역학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%89%ED%98%95%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="평형열역학">평형열역학</a>/<a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%8F%89%ED%98%95%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="비평형열역학">비평형열역학</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;">법칙</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EC%A0%9C0%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="열역학 제0법칙">열역학 제0법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EC%A0%9C1%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="열역학 제1법칙">열역학 제1법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EC%A0%9C2%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="열역학 제2법칙">열역학 제2법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EC%A0%9C3%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="열역학 제3법칙">열역학 제3법칙</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EA%B3%84" class="mw-redirect" title="열역학 계">계</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EC%83%81%ED%83%9C" title="열역학적 상태">상태</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%ED%83%9C%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="상태방정식">상태방정식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81%EA%B8%B0%EC%B2%B4" title="이상기체">이상기체</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%A0%9C_%EA%B8%B0%EC%B2%B4" title="실제 기체">실제 기체</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88%EC%9D%98_%EC%83%81%ED%83%9C" title="물질의 상태">물질의 상태</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%ED%8F%89%ED%98%95" title="열역학적 평형">열역학적 평형</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%A0%9C%EB%B6%80%ED%94%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="공제부피 (없는 문서)">공제부피</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="열역학 과정">과정</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%95%95%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등압과정">등압과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%A0%81%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등적과정">등적과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%98%A8%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등온과정">등온과정</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">단열과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등엔트로피 과정">등엔트로피 과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%97%94%ED%83%88%ED%94%BC_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등엔탈피 과정">등엔탈피 과정</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A4%80%EC%A0%95%EC%A0%81%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="준정적과정 (없는 문서)">준정적과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%B0%A9%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="다방과정">다방과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0%ED%8C%BD%EC%B0%BD" title="자유팽창">자유팽창</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%97%AD%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="가역과정">가역과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EA%B0%80%EC%97%AD%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="비가역과정">비가역과정</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%B4%EC%A0%81%EA%B0%80%EC%97%AD_%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="내적가역 열역학 (없는 문서)">내적가역성</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%B4" title="열역학 사이클">순환</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80" title="열기관">열기관</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%83%89%EB%82%9C%EB%B0%A9_%EC%88%9C%ED%99%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="냉난방 순환 (없는 문서)">냉난방 순환</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%ED%9A%A8%EC%9C%A8" title="열효율">열효율</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EC%84%B1%EC%A7%88" title="열역학적 성질">계의 성질</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><div style="font-size:90%;padding-bottom:0.2em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">비고: <i>기울임꼴</i>로 된 것들은 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%B5%EC%95%A1%EB%B3%80%EC%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="공액변수 (없는 문서)">공액변수</a>이다.</div> <table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;margin-top:0.4em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.7em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EB%8F%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열역학도 (없는 문서)">열역학도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0_%EC%84%B1%EC%A7%88%EA%B3%BC_%ED%81%AC%EA%B8%B0_%EC%84%B1%EC%A7%88" title="세기 성질과 크기 성질">세기 성질과 크기 성질</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/wiki/%EC%83%81%ED%83%9C%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="상태함수">상태함수</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.7em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EC%98%A8%EB%8F%84" class="mw-redirect" title="열역학적 온도">온도</a>  / <i><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC" title="엔트로피">엔트로피</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC_%EA%B0%9C%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="엔트로피 개론 (없는 문서)">개론</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%95%EB%A0%A5" title="압력">압력</a> / <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%80%ED%94%BC_(%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="부피 (열역학) (없는 문서)">부피</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="화학적 퍼텐셜 (없는 문서)">화학적 퍼텐셜</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90%EC%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="입자수">입자수</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A6%9D%EA%B8%B0%EB%9F%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="증기량 (없는 문서)">증기량</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8C%80%EB%B9%84%EC%84%B1%EC%A7%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="대비성질 (없는 문서)">대비성질</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EB%A1%9C_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98" title="경로 함수">과정함수</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.7em;;padding-bottom:0.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="일 (물리학)">일</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4" title="열">열</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AC%BC%EC%84%B1_(%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="물성 (열역학) (없는 문서)">물성</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%9C%EC%88%98_%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="순수 물질의 열역학적 데이터베이스 (없는 문서)">순수 물질의 열역학적 데이터베이스</a></li></ul> <div style="font-size:90%;margin-top:0.4em;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;"><table> <tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%9A%A9%EB%9F%89" title="열용량">비열용량</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c=}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c=}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/891d40a9b18752b04065caee655d008b3ec11428" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.46ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c=}"></span></td> <td><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ec7200acd984a1d3a3d7dc455e262fbe54f7f6e0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.636ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T}"></span></td><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial S}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial S}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c609f4d3c5692ea4495479ef47594dc67f9fa464" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.817ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial S}"></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>N</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5e3890c981ae85503089652feb48b191b57aae3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N}"></span></td><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/504aa558fff3d00d10b03cadb1085cb0b7bdc631" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.954ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial T}"></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%95%EC%B6%95%EB%A5%A0" title="압축률">압축률</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \beta =-}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>β</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \beta =-}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b01c042bf1456bd4d2a8caed1f4912820a7ecbb3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.239ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \beta =-}"></span></td> <td><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92d98b82a3778f043108d4e20960a9193df57cbf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1}"></span></td><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0cecdd9d069fa84159940068fc11a91b6b3b9ee4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.105ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial V}"></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af0f6064540e84211d0ffe4dac72098adfa52845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.787ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V}"></span></td><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ebc4a48eb2412f08b54fe438b5139c88f9cfa372" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.487ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial p}"></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%ED%8C%BD%EC%B0%BD" title="열팽창">열팽창</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:left"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \alpha =}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>α</mi> <mo>=</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \alpha =}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a92d4583d351f08c1c70985f0c843b2fff1b01e7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.941ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \alpha =}"></span></td> <td><table><tbody><tr><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/92d98b82a3778f043108d4e20960a9193df57cbf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1}"></span></td><td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0cecdd9d069fa84159940068fc11a91b6b3b9ee4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.105ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial V}"></span></td></tr><tr><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/af0f6064540e84211d0ffe4dac72098adfa52845" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.787ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V}"></span></td><td style="border-top:solid 1px black;"><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \partial T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∂</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \partial T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/504aa558fff3d00d10b03cadb1085cb0b7bdc631" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.954ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \partial T}"></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열역학 방정식 (없는 문서)">방정식</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%85%B8_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC_(%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="카르노 정리 (열역학) (없는 문서)">카르노 정리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EC%A7%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="클라우지우스 정리 (없는 문서)">클라우지우스 정리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열역학 기본관계 (없는 문서)">열역학 기본관계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81%EA%B8%B0%EC%B2%B4_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="이상기체 법칙">이상기체 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0_%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84%EC%8B%9D" title="맥스웰 관계식">맥스웰 관계식</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%A8%EC%82%AC%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4_%EC%83%81%ED%98%B8%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84%EC%8B%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="온사게르 상호관계식 (없는 문서)">온사게르 상호관계식</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80%EB%A8%BC_%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="브리지먼 열역학 방정식 (없는 문서)">브리지먼 열역학 방정식</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%9D_%ED%91%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열역학 방정식 표 (없는 문서)">열역학 방정식 표</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%ED%8D%BC%ED%85%90%EC%85%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="열역학적 퍼텐셜">퍼텐셜</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="열역학적 자유 에너지">자유 에너지</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="자유 엔트로피 (없는 문서)">자유 엔트로피</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%B4%EB%B6%80_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="내부 에너지">내부 에너지</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U(S,V)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>U</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U(S,V)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/921f33f9c6551562ec836007b035c2de6323d2d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.912ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U(S,V)}"></span><br /></li><li style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%94%ED%83%88%ED%94%BC" title="엔탈피">엔탈피</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mi>V</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6407d78e5f39d07f70e2414a92e08e2e068519f3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.254ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle H(S,p)=U+pV}"></span><br /></li><li style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84%ED%99%80%EC%B8%A0_%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="헬름홀츠 자유 에너지">헬름홀츠 자유 에너지</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5e93692f031ba6484d82731c54db83a69daed3f0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.867ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A(T,V)=U-TS}"></span><br /></li><li style="font-size:105%;line-height:1.6em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B9%81%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="깁스 자유 에너지">깁스 자유 에너지</a><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>T</mi> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8dd7a8f0b8ae04963da133e3b202432e1b6caed4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.614ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G(T,p)=H-TS}"></span></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;">역사</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> 열역학사</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열역학사 (없는 문서)">개괄</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4_%EA%B0%9C%EB%85%90%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열 개념의 역사 (없는 문서)">열 개념의 역사</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="엔트로피의 역사 (없는 문서)">엔트로피의 역사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%B2%B4_%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="기체 법칙">기체 법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AC%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="영구기관의 역사 (없는 문서)">영구기관의 역사</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="통계열역학철학 (없는 문서)">과학철학</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC_(%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%84%EC%9D%98_%ED%99%94%EC%82%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="엔트로피 (시간의 화살) (없는 문서)">엔트로피와 시간</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC%EC%99%80_%EC%83%9D%EB%AA%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="엔트로피와 생명 (없는 문서)">엔트로피와 생명</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B4_%EB%9E%98%EC%B9%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="브라운 래칫 (없는 문서)">브라운 래칫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0%EC%9D%98_%EB%8F%84%EA%B9%A8%EB%B9%84" title="맥스웰의 도깨비">맥스웰의 도깨비</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%A3%BD%EC%9D%8C_%EC%97%AD%EC%84%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열죽음 역설 (없는 문서)">열죽음 역설</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%88%EB%AF%B8%ED%8A%B8%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%84%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="로슈미트의 역설 (없는 문서)">로슈미트의 역설</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%98%91%EB%8F%99%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="협동학 (없는 문서)">협동학</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> 이론</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%86%8C%EC%84%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="열소설">열소설</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열이론 (없는 문서)">열이론</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%99%9C%EB%A0%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="활력 (없는 문서)">활력</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%9D%98_%EC%82%AC%EC%82%AC%EB%8B%B9%EB%9F%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열의 사사당량 (없는 문서)">열의 사사당량</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EB%8F%99%EB%A0%A5" title="원동력">원동력</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> 주요 저서</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EC%B0%B0_%EB%95%8C_%EB%B0%9C%EC%83%9D%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EC%97%B4%EC%9D%98_%EC%9B%90%EC%9D%B8%EC%97%90_%EA%B4%80%ED%95%9C_%EC%8B%A4%ED%97%98%EC%A0%81_%EC%A1%B0%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="마찰 때 발생하는 열의 원인에 관한 실험적 조사 (없는 문서)">마찰 때 발생하는 열의 원인에<br />관한 실험적 조사</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%88%EA%B7%A0%EC%9D%BC_%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88%EC%9D%98_%ED%8F%89%ED%98%95%EC%97%90_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%98%EC%97%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="불균일 물질의 평형에 대하여 (없는 문서)">불균일 물질의<br />평형에 대하여</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B6%88%EC%9D%98_%EC%9B%90%EB%8F%99%EB%A0%A5%EC%97%90_%EA%B4%80%ED%95%9C_%EA%B3%A0%EC%B0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="불의 원동력에 관한 고찰 (없는 문서)">불의 원동력에 <br /> 관한 고찰</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> 연표</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%82%AC_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열역학사 연표 (없는 문서)">열역학사 연표</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%B4%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80_%EA%B0%9C%EB%B0%9C%EC%82%AC_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="열기관 개발사 연표 (없는 문서)">열기관 개발사 연표</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eaeaff;font-style:italic;"> 교육</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EC%A0%81_%ED%91%9C%EB%A9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="맥스웰의 열역학적 표면 (없는 문서)">맥스웰의 열역학적 표면</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%94%BC_(%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80_%EB%B6%84%EC%82%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="엔트로피 (에너지 분산) (없는 문서)">에너지 분산으로서의 엔트로피</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;">과학자</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%8B%88%EC%97%98_%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%88%84%EC%9D%B4" title="다니엘 베르누이">베르누이</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC_%EB%A0%88%EC%98%A4%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4_%EC%82%AC%EB%94%94_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%85%B8" title="니콜라 레오나르 사디 카르노">카르노</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%A0%EB%88%84%EC%95%84_%ED%8F%B4_%EC%97%90%EB%B0%80_%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%ED%8E%98%EB%A1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="베누아 폴 에밀 클라페롱 (없는 문서)">클라페롱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9A%B0%EC%A7%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="루돌프 클라우지우스">클라우지우스</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%BD%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%ED%8B%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC%ED%85%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%8F%84%EB%A6%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="콘스탄틴 카라테오도리 (없는 문서)">카라테오도리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%94%BC%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4_%EB%92%A4%EC%97%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="피에르 뒤엠 (없는 문서)">뒤엠</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%B0%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EC%9C%8C%EB%9F%AC%EB%93%9C_%EA%B9%81%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="조시아 윌러드 깁스 (없는 문서)">깁스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%8C_%ED%8F%B0_%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84%ED%99%80%EC%B8%A0" title="헤르만 폰 헬름홀츠">헬름홀츠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%A7_%EC%A4%84" title="제임스 프레스콧 줄">줄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%ED%81%B4%EB%9F%AC%ED%81%AC_%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0" title="제임스 클러크 맥스웰">맥스웰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B0_%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="율리우스 폰 마이어">폰 마이어</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4_%EC%98%A8%EC%82%AC%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4" title="라르스 온사게르">온사게르</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EC%A1%B4_%EB%A7%A5%EC%BF%BC%EB%A5%B8_%EB%9E%AD%ED%82%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="윌리엄 존 맥쿼른 랭킨 (없는 문서)">랭킨</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%B4_%EC%8A%A4%EB%AF%B8%ED%8A%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="존 스미튼 (없는 문서)">스미튼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%8A%88%ED%83%88" title="게오르크 에른스트 슈탈">슈탈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A4%EC%A0%80%EB%AF%BC_%ED%86%B0%EC%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="벤저민 톰슨">톰슨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C1%EB%8C%80_%EC%BC%88%EB%B9%88_%EB%82%A8%EC%9E%91_%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%ED%86%B0%EC%8A%A8" title="제1대 켈빈 남작 윌리엄 톰슨">켈빈 남작</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A1%B4_%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9B%8C%ED%84%B0%EC%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="존 제임스 워터슨 (없는 문서)">워터슨</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="display:block;margin-top:0.4em; line-height:1.6em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="분류"><img alt="분류" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="분류:열역학">분류: 열역학</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="틀:열역학"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:열역학 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="특수:문서편집/틀:열역학"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="열역학 과정">열역학 과정</a>에서 <b>단열과정</b>(斷熱過程, <span lang="en">adiabatic process</span>)이란 어떤 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99%EA%B3%84" title="열역학계">열역학계</a>가 외부와 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4" title="열">열</a> 및 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AC%BC%EC%A7%88" title="물질">물질</a>의 출입이 차단된 채로 변화하는 과정을 일컫는다. 즉, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} U=\delta Q-\delta W}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>δ</mi> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>δ</mi> <mi>W</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} U=\delta Q-\delta W}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db813da5fa781341c23f4ee5cd5a55f287444aee" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:15.385ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {d} U=\delta Q-\delta W}"></span></dd></dl> <p>에서 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \delta Q}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>δ</mi> <mi>Q</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \delta Q}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf715eece146c816847a8c5d56eae97798453d64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.887ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \delta Q}"></span>가 0이다. 단열 과정은 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%97%AD_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" class="mw-redirect" title="가역 과정">가역 과정</a>일 수도, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EA%B0%80%EC%97%AD_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" class="mw-redirect" title="비가역 과정">비가역 과정</a>일 수도 있다. </p><p>압력-부피 도표에서 단열 과정을 나타내는 곡선을 <b>단열 곡선</b>(斷熱曲線, <span lang="en">adiabat</span>)이라고 한다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="단열_과정의_예"><span id=".EB.8B.A8.EC.97.B4_.EA.B3.BC.EC.A0.95.EC.9D.98_.EC.98.88"></span>단열 과정의 예</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 단열 과정의 예"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="단열_팽창"><span id=".EB.8B.A8.EC.97.B4_.ED.8C.BD.EC.B0.BD"></span>단열 팽창</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 단열 팽창"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W>0 일 때 열기관이 일을 한 만큼 내부 에너지가 작아진다. 기체의 온도가 내려간다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="단열_압축"><span id=".EB.8B.A8.EC.97.B4_.EC.95.95.EC.B6.95"></span>단열 압축</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 단열 압축"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W<0 일 때 열기관이 일을 받은 만큼 내부 에너지가 증가한다. 기체의 온도가 올라간다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="이상_기체의_가역_단열_과정"><span id=".EC.9D.B4.EC.83.81_.EA.B8.B0.EC.B2.B4.EC.9D.98_.EA.B0.80.EC.97.AD_.EB.8B.A8.EC.97.B4_.EA.B3.BC.EC.A0.95"></span>이상 기체의 가역 단열 과정</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 이상 기체의 가역 단열 과정"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Adiabatic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Adiabatic.svg/220px-Adiabatic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Adiabatic.svg/330px-Adiabatic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Adiabatic.svg/440px-Adiabatic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="259" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81_%EA%B8%B0%EC%B2%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="이상 기체">이상 기체</a>의 단열 곡선</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Adia3d.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Adia3d.png/220px-Adia3d.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Adia3d.png/330px-Adia3d.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Adia3d.png/440px-Adia3d.png 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption>압력-부피-온도 공간에서의 단열 곡선. 여기서 온도축을 사영하여 없애면 압력-부피 평면의 단열 곡선을 얻는다.</figcaption></figure> <p>입자당 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0%EB%8F%84" class="mw-disambig" title="자유도">자유도</a>가 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>q</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/06809d64fa7c817ffc7e323f85997f783dbdf71d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.07ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q}"></span>개인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81_%EA%B8%B0%EC%B2%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="이상 기체">이상 기체</a>의 경우, </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \delta Q={\frac {1}{2}}qN\;dT+P\;dV=(q/2+1)P\;dV+(q/2)NV\;dP={\frac {1}{2}}NP^{1-q}V^{-1-q}\;d(V^{q+2}P^{q})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>δ</mi> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>T</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>V</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>V</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mi>V</mi> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> <msup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="thickmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>P</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \delta Q={\frac {1}{2}}qN\;dT+P\;dV=(q/2+1)P\;dV+(q/2)NV\;dP={\frac {1}{2}}NP^{1-q}V^{-1-q}\;d(V^{q+2}P^{q})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/83236061b6cefbdfc7baab73eca853ad9cd317cd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:85.891ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \delta Q={\frac {1}{2}}qN\;dT+P\;dV=(q/2+1)P\;dV+(q/2)NV\;dP={\frac {1}{2}}NP^{1-q}V^{-1-q}\;d(V^{q+2}P^{q})}"></span></dd></dl> <p>이다. 따라서 압력-부피 도표에서 단열 곡선은 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle PV^{(q+2)/q}=}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>P</mi> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle PV^{(q+2)/q}=}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/56395008020babdc31bf4836ea8a0b167fc9a404" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:12.062ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle PV^{(q+2)/q}=}"></span>상수</dd></dl> <p>의 꼴이다. 보통 변수 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma =(q+2)/q}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>q</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma =(q+2)/q}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/03a3d99a5e8e6782f8d060691f9ef45dd61213ab" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.475ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma =(q+2)/q}"></span></dd></dl> <p>를 <b>단열 계수</b>(<span lang="en">adiabatic index</span>)로 정의한다. </p><p>단원자 기체의 경우에는 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q=3}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q=3}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2d859ff2e5023ed1f714ccace69e88ab993a5f43" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.33ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q=3}"></span>이므로 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma =5/3}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma =5/3}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b9ee1da1c0bf29b00c2a3443c170409fb6e233b8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.848ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma =5/3}"></span>이다. 이원자 기체의 경우에는 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q=5}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q=5}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1b82461fdf059d99f9dcee740b2f66abf90df3dc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.33ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q=5}"></span>이므로 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \gamma =7/5}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>7</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>5</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \gamma =7/5}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3b057ffb924f1190febad410afaccf31fadf6edf" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.848ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \gamma =7/5}"></span>이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_%EC%A0%9C1%EB%B2%95%EC%B9%99" title="열역학 제1법칙">열역학 제1법칙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%95%95%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등압과정">등압과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%97%94%ED%83%88%ED%94%BC_%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등엔탈피 과정">등엔탈피 과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%A0%81%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등적과정">등적과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%98%A8%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="등온과정">등온과정</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%B0%A9%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95" title="다방과정">다방과정</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%8B%A8%EC%97%B4%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%95&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 위키미디어 공용에 <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Adiabatic_processes?uselang=ko">단열과정</a></span> 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table class="notice metadata plainlinks stub" style="clear: both; font-size: smaller;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 40px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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