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{"work":{"id":7751777,"created_at":"2014-07-22T16:47:53.081-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-16T15:18:07.852-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"The goddess Ilmr, attested only in Icelandic sources, has been almost completely neglected by scholarship. This article offers a comprehensive review of the evidence and discusses the possible interpretations. It proposes that ecological conditions in Iceland could be a factor in why this name seems to become increasingly obscure following the settlement period.","more_info":"Published RMN Newsletter 8, 2014:32-38. University of Helsinki.","publication_date":"2014,5,","publication_name":"RMN Newsletter"},"document_type":"other","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Goddesses Unknown II: On the Apparent Old Norse Goddess Ilmr","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [2228650]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":34268945,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Goddesses Unknown II: On the Apparent Old Norse Goddess Ilmr”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/34268945/mini_magick20180818-7156-1yi7xg.png?1534659984" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Goddesses Unknown II: On the Apparent Old Norse Goddess Ilmr</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2228650" href="https://uga.academia.edu/JosephSHopkins"><img alt="Profile image of Joseph S . Hopkins" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2228650/712156/40336597/s65_joseph.hopkins.jpeg" />Joseph S . Hopkins</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2014, RMN Newsletter</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">7 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 7751777; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=7751777"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The goddess Ilmr, attested only in Icelandic sources, has been almost completely neglected by scholarship. This article offers a comprehensive review of the evidence and discusses the possible interpretations. It proposes that ecological conditions in Iceland could be a factor in why this name seems to become increasingly obscure following the settlement period.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":34268945,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/7751777/Goddesses_Unknown_II_On_the_Apparent_Old_Norse_Goddess_Ilmr"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":34268945,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/7751777/Goddesses_Unknown_II_On_the_Apparent_Old_Norse_Goddess_Ilmr"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Hopkins</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">RMN Newsletter, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Like previous entries in the Goddesses Unknown series, the present article focuses on heretofore little-studied goddesses in the Germanic corpus, in this case the obscure Old Norse goddess Hlín and her association with the widely attested Germanic goddess Frigg.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Goddesses Unknown III: On the Identity of the Old Norse Goddess Hlín","attachmentId":55230989,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35370883/Goddesses_Unknown_III_On_the_Identity_of_the_Old_Norse_Goddess_Hl%C3%ADn","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35370883/Goddesses_Unknown_III_On_the_Identity_of_the_Old_Norse_Goddess_Hl%C3%ADn"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="43498291" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43498291/_fj%C3%B6ll_%C3%B6ll_ok_h%C3%B3lar_v%C3%A1ru_fullir_af_landv%C3%A9ttum_The_Old_Norse_landv%C3%A6ttir_and_related_mythological_beings">“fjöll öll ok hólar váru fullir af landvéttum”: The Old Norse landvættir and related mythological beings</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="101499587" href="https://univie.academia.edu/FloraSchanda">Flora Schanda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Religious practices and worship of and at natural landmarks such as hills, rocks, mountains, sacred groves etc. played an important part in Old Norse religions and was closely connected to the belief in various spirits and deities thought to dwell in these places. In this seminar paper I take a close look at what literary sources tell us about the Old Norse nature spirits called landvættir who were thought to live in the natural landscape and seen as having an important role for the land's well-being and protection as well as being able to influence the life and prosperity of its human inhabitants. I then mention examples of some related mythological beings who share characteristics with these spirits of the land, especially with regard to inhabiting certain landmarks. In the final part of my paper I consider the famous álfar and finish by looking at the development of meaning that finally led to the contemporary image of álfar or elves as inhabiting the Icelandic landscape as well as the popular place they inhabit in the contemporary imagination regarding Icelandic culture.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"“fjöll öll ok hólar váru fullir af landvéttum”: The Old Norse landvættir and related mythological beings","attachmentId":63807700,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43498291/_fj%C3%B6ll_%C3%B6ll_ok_h%C3%B3lar_v%C3%A1ru_fullir_af_landv%C3%A9ttum_The_Old_Norse_landv%C3%A6ttir_and_related_mythological_beings","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43498291/_fj%C3%B6ll_%C3%B6ll_ok_h%C3%B3lar_v%C3%A1ru_fullir_af_landv%C3%A9ttum_The_Old_Norse_landv%C3%A6ttir_and_related_mythological_beings"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="2315070" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2315070/Goddesses_Unknown_I_Nj%C7%ABrun_and_the_Sister_Wife_of_Nj%C7%ABr%C3%B0r">Goddesses Unknown I: Njǫrun and the Sister-Wife of Njǫrðr</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2228650" href="https://uga.academia.edu/JosephSHopkins">Joseph S . Hopkins</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">RMN Newsletter, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article attempts to fill a gap in modern Old Norse scholarship by presenting overviews of two highly mysterious figures, the apparent goddess Njörun and the unnamed wife and sister of the major god Njörðr. In doing so, this article thematically connects with previous discussion of the Vanir found in earlier issues of RMN Newsletter.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Goddesses Unknown I: Njǫrun and the Sister-Wife of Njǫrðr","attachmentId":30361180,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2315070/Goddesses_Unknown_I_Nj%C7%ABrun_and_the_Sister_Wife_of_Nj%C7%ABr%C3%B0r","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2315070/Goddesses_Unknown_I_Nj%C7%ABrun_and_the_Sister_Wife_of_Nj%C7%ABr%C3%B0r"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="91289759" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/91289759/THE_MYTHOLOGY_AND_CULT_OF_FREYJA_AND_HER_IMPORTANCE_TO_VIKING_AGE_WOMEN_LA_MITOLOG%C3%8DA_Y_EL_CULTO_DE_FREYJA_Y_SU_IMPORTANCIA_PARA_LAS_MUJERES_DE_LA_EDAD_VIKINGA">THE MYTHOLOGY AND CULT OF FREYJA AND HER IMPORTANCE TO VIKING AGE WOMEN LA MITOLOGÍA Y EL CULTO DE FREYJA Y SU IMPORTANCIA PARA LAS MUJERES DE LA EDAD VIKINGA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="15160855" href="https://uhi.academia.edu/JulietteFriedlander">Juliette Friedlander</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Scandia, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Freyja, one of the most popular goddesses of the Norse pantheon among Viking age women. Here we investigate how she is the only goddess to have her own poem in the Poetic Edda, and possibly the only god or goddess to have any reference to receiving cult in the poems. We compare her mythological role within the poems, with her role as Vanadís within the disir, and how that relates to the private, household, and women's sphere of worship. We investigate the cult of Freyja through the material world finds, and her strong connections to seiðr. We investigate the practice of seiðr and Freyja. Finally, we look at archaeology of women's finds to uncover whether there are any connections with the worship of Freyja.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE MYTHOLOGY AND CULT OF FREYJA AND HER IMPORTANCE TO VIKING AGE WOMEN LA MITOLOGÍA Y EL CULTO DE FREYJA Y SU IMPORTANCIA PARA LAS MUJERES DE LA EDAD VIKINGA","attachmentId":94618288,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91289759/THE_MYTHOLOGY_AND_CULT_OF_FREYJA_AND_HER_IMPORTANCE_TO_VIKING_AGE_WOMEN_LA_MITOLOG%C3%8DA_Y_EL_CULTO_DE_FREYJA_Y_SU_IMPORTANCIA_PARA_LAS_MUJERES_DE_LA_EDAD_VIKINGA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91289759/THE_MYTHOLOGY_AND_CULT_OF_FREYJA_AND_HER_IMPORTANCE_TO_VIKING_AGE_WOMEN_LA_MITOLOG%C3%8DA_Y_EL_CULTO_DE_FREYJA_Y_SU_IMPORTANCIA_PARA_LAS_MUJERES_DE_LA_EDAD_VIKINGA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="5688874" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5688874/The_Image_of_Sei%C3%B0r_in_Old_Icelandic_Literature_An_Essay_by_Lyonel_D_Perabo">The Image of Seiðr in Old Icelandic Literature: An Essay by Lyonel D. Perabo</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6617623" href="https://sorbonne-fr.academia.edu/LyonelPerabo">Lyonel Perabo</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Image of Seiðr in Old Icelandic Literature: An Essay by Lyonel D. Perabo","attachmentId":32738600,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5688874/The_Image_of_Sei%C3%B0r_in_Old_Icelandic_Literature_An_Essay_by_Lyonel_D_Perabo","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5688874/The_Image_of_Sei%C3%B0r_in_Old_Icelandic_Literature_An_Essay_by_Lyonel_D_Perabo"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="41546437" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41546437/Ph_D_Thesis_Asgard_Revisited_Old_Norse_Mythology_and_Icelandic_National_Culture_1820_1918">Ph.D. Thesis: Asgard Revisited. Old Norse Mythology and Icelandic National Culture 1820-1918</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="22111913" href="https://fryske-akademy.academia.edu/SimonHalink">Simon Halink</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ph.D. Thesis: Asgard Revisited. Old Norse Mythology and Icelandic National Culture 1820-1918","attachmentId":61703869,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41546437/Ph_D_Thesis_Asgard_Revisited_Old_Norse_Mythology_and_Icelandic_National_Culture_1820_1918","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/41546437/Ph_D_Thesis_Asgard_Revisited_Old_Norse_Mythology_and_Icelandic_National_Culture_1820_1918"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="8992612" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8992612/_What_Frigg_Knew_The_Goddess_as_Prophetess_in_Old_Norse_Mythology_in_Dee_profetesse_regine_e_altre_figure_femminili_nel_Medioevo_germanico_ed_Maria_Elena_Ruggerini_e_Veronika_Sz%C3%B6ke_Cagliari_CUEC_2015_pp_67_88">‘What Frigg Knew: The Goddess as Prophetess in Old Norse Mythology’, in Dee, profetesse, regine e altre figure femminili nel Medioevo germanico, ed. Maria Elena Ruggerini e Veronika Szöke (Cagliari: CUEC, 2015), pp. 67-88.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4779663" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/JudyQuinn">Judy Quinn</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">‘What Frigg Knew: The Goddess as Prophetess in Old Norse Mythology’, in Dee, profetesse, regine e altre figure femminili nel Medioevo germanico, Atti del XL Convegno dell’Associazione Italiana di Filologia Germanica, ed. Maria Elena Ruggerini e Veronka Szőke (Cagliari: CUEC, 2015), pp. 67-88</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Cambridge University 3 Quotations of eddic verse are from Hans Kuhn's revision of Gustav Neckel's edition (NECKEL -KUHN 1962 4 ), but with normalised orthography. Translations, while my own, are informed by the translations of the poems by Carolyne Larrington (1997). 4 I quote here the manuscript text (Gl. kg. sml. 2365, 4 o ) and not the unnecessarily emended text of the Neckel -Kuhn edition; see further QUINN 2001: 82-83. 5 For a survey of the sources on norns, see BEK-PEDERSEN 2011.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"‘What Frigg Knew: The Goddess as Prophetess in Old Norse Mythology’, in Dee, profetesse, regine e altre figure femminili nel Medioevo germanico, ed. Maria Elena Ruggerini e Veronika Szöke (Cagliari: CUEC, 2015), pp. 67-88.","attachmentId":35305804,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8992612/_What_Frigg_Knew_The_Goddess_as_Prophetess_in_Old_Norse_Mythology_in_Dee_profetesse_regine_e_altre_figure_femminili_nel_Medioevo_germanico_ed_Maria_Elena_Ruggerini_e_Veronika_Sz%C3%B6ke_Cagliari_CUEC_2015_pp_67_88","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8992612/_What_Frigg_Knew_The_Goddess_as_Prophetess_in_Old_Norse_Mythology_in_Dee_profetesse_regine_e_altre_figure_femminili_nel_Medioevo_germanico_ed_Maria_Elena_Ruggerini_e_Veronika_Sz%C3%B6ke_Cagliari_CUEC_2015_pp_67_88"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="98472588" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98472588/Review_A_Female_Legendary_from_Iceland_Kirkjub%C3%A6jarb%C3%B3k_AM_429_12mo_in_The_Arnamagn%C3%A6an_Collection_Copenhagen_Wolf_Kirsten_Museum_Tusculanum_Press_Copenhagen">Review A Female Legendary from Iceland: "Kirkjubæjarbók" (AM 429 12mo) in The Arnamagnæan Collection, Copenhagen. Wolf Kirsten Museum Tusculanum Press Copenhagen</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="177959896" href="https://purdue.academia.edu/ShaunHughes">Shaun Hughes</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">information, and next morning Heimdallr blows his horn, which brings on the inevitable Ragnarök. Clearly the poem is conceived as a prequel to Völuspá. The anonymous poet of Hrafnagaldur Óðins was a magpie, taking names from a variety of eddic poems, Snorra Edda, þulur, and several others sources. Some features of his style also suggest a desire to imbue the poem with classical overtones. Lassen has done a very good job in her Commentary to the text (pp. 95-106) in discovering these sources and hazarding a guess at some of the poem's more obscure (or confused) references. The text of the poem is presented first as a transcription from a late seventeenth-century manuscript, Stockholm papp. 8vo nr 15, and then in a normalized prose word order with English translation below. The standard of normalization is not fully explained. Variant readings from other manuscripts are placed beneath the transcribed text. Annette Lassen's edition of Hrafnagaldur Óðins is a fine piece of scholarship and a pointer to a field of textual study that does not only hold antiquarian interest but reveals the nature of Icelandic intellectual culture in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and the gradual penetration of that culture into the rest of Scandinavia and Europe in the later eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries. Her accounts of the history and ownership of the various manuscripts containing this poem, and the poetic company it keeps in them, will arouse the reader's curiosity about wider currents of reception. In that context, it would be a very good idea if the many unpublished catalogues of Icelandic manuscripts in libraries outside Iceland, including Jónas Kristjánsson's for Sweden (1967), Shaun Hughes' for Harvard (1977), Jón Helgason's for the British Library (n. d.) and Ólafur Halldórsson's for Edinburgh (1967), could be published and made available for general research, whether electronically or through one of the Árni Magnússon manuscript institutes.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review A Female Legendary from Iceland: \"Kirkjubæjarbók\" (AM 429 12mo) in The Arnamagnæan Collection, Copenhagen. Wolf Kirsten Museum Tusculanum Press Copenhagen","attachmentId":99814271,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98472588/Review_A_Female_Legendary_from_Iceland_Kirkjub%C3%A6jarb%C3%B3k_AM_429_12mo_in_The_Arnamagn%C3%A6an_Collection_Copenhagen_Wolf_Kirsten_Museum_Tusculanum_Press_Copenhagen","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98472588/Review_A_Female_Legendary_from_Iceland_Kirkjub%C3%A6jarb%C3%B3k_AM_429_12mo_in_The_Arnamagn%C3%A6an_Collection_Copenhagen_Wolf_Kirsten_Museum_Tusculanum_Press_Copenhagen"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="35152022" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35152022/Old_Norse_Mythology_Comparative_Perspectives">Old Norse Mythology—Comparative Perspectives</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1219280" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/StephenMitchell">Stephen Mitchell</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hermann, Pernille, Stephen A. Mitchell, Jens Peter Schjødt, and Amber J. Rose, eds. 2017. Old Norse Mythology—Comparative Perspectives. Publications of the Milman Parry Collection of Oral Literature, 3. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Old Norse Mythology—Comparative Perspectives","attachmentId":55945318,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35152022/Old_Norse_Mythology_Comparative_Perspectives","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35152022/Old_Norse_Mythology_Comparative_Perspectives"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="22773610" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22773610/Freyjas_Cats_Perspectives_on_Recent_Viking_Age_Finds_in_%C3%9Eegjandadalur_North_Iceland">Freyja's Cats: Perspectives on Recent Viking Age Finds in Þegjandadalur North Iceland</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30458128" href="https://gc-cuny.academia.edu/BrendaPrehal">Brenda Prehal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Despite its modern popularity, the domestic cat has been overlooked as a valuable tool in symbolic and interpretive understandings of the Viking Age. The cat’s importance in some cultures, such as Ancient Egypt, is abundantly clear, but since they rarely appear in the Norse archaeological record, they are overlooked. This project proposes that the scarcity of the cat in the Norse archaeological record is in fact quite telling of its significance, and it can be an effective tool in recognizing Norse beliefs and cultic practices. Although somewhat hidden, cats are there and quite prominent. One just needs to know how to find them and distinguish their meaning. Using archaeological data and medieval literature in a unique and analytical way, this thesis allows for new types of discussion of archaeological interpretation.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Freyja's Cats: Perspectives on Recent Viking Age Finds in Þegjandadalur North Iceland","attachmentId":43329353,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22773610/Freyjas_Cats_Perspectives_on_Recent_Viking_Age_Finds_in_%C3%9Eegjandadalur_North_Iceland","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22773610/Freyjas_Cats_Perspectives_on_Recent_Viking_Age_Finds_in_%C3%9Eegjandadalur_North_Iceland"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":34268945,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":34268945,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_34268945" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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