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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bade keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bade_(langue)" title="Bade (langue) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bade (langue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%81adanci" title="Ɓadanci – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ɓadanci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bade_jezik" title="Bade jezik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bade jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibade" title="Kibade – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kibade" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_Bade" title="Lenga Bade – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga Bade" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_bade" title="Língua bade – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua bade" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:125%; color: black; background-color: #faecc8;">Bade</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:110%; color: black; background-color: #faecc8;">Gabaden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Yobe_State" title="Yobe State">Yobe State</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jigawa_State" title="Jigawa State">Jigawa State</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">360,000 (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-e25_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e25-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afro-Asiatic</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Chadic_languages" title="Chadic languages">Chadic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/West_Chadic_languages" title="West Chadic languages">West Chadic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/West_Chadic_languages" title="West Chadic languages">Bade–Warji</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Bade_languages" title="Bade languages">Bade languages (B.1)</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Bade</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #faecc8;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/bde" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:bde">bde</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/bade1248">bade1248</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Endangered_Languages_Project" title="Endangered Languages Project">ELP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/1081">Bade</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/5048">Shirawa</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Bade</b> (also spelled Bede, Bedde, or Bode) is a <a href="/wiki/West_Chadic_languages" title="West Chadic languages">West Chadic</a> language spoken by the Bade people in <a href="/wiki/Yobe_State" title="Yobe State">Yobe State</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jigawa_State" title="Jigawa State">Jigawa State</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>. Their traditional ruler is the <a href="/wiki/Bade_Emirate" title="Bade Emirate">Emir of Bade</a>. Similar to many other Western African languages, Bade is a vulnerable language at great risk of extinction.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With 356,000 speakers,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the language and the culture of the Bade people have suffered over the last several years. As the language continues to fade, the culture and historic value associated with the language perishes as well. The local dialect is shifting from Bade to Hausa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Across West Africa, the impact on local communities through the loss of the indigenous tongues will be significant. The endangerment of the Bade language represents the worldwide <a href="/wiki/Language_diversity" class="mw-redirect" title="Language diversity">language diversity</a> that is at risk.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many African languages have only received little linguistic attention, impacting these <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Africa" title="Languages of Africa">African languages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bade is classified under the following categories: <a href="/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages" title="Afroasiatic languages">Afro-Asiatic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chadic_languages" title="Chadic languages">Chadic</a>, West, B, B.1, Bade Proper.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While historical information about the Bade language is limited in scope, many words in the Bade language take root in the Kanuri language.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Kanuri_language" title="Kanuri language">Kanuri</a> language is primarily spoken in West Africa, including: Nigeria and Chad. Bade and Ngizim have borrowed a number of words from the Kanuri language.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to traditional accounts, the Bade language itself originates from the Badr of Yemen and <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> purportedly drove the Bade people out after a failure to pray.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, as one of the many Nigerian endangered languages, bade serves as a local dialect. In general, Nigerian languages comprise the wealth of linguistic diversity that exists in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the years, colonization has also played a role in the deteroriation of local languages, which Bade happens to be among, that for now, most of the Bade villages are becoming Hausa speaking villages.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographic_distribution">Geographic distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geographic distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The speakers of the Bade language are centered in Nigeria. It is spoken in the northern part of Yobe State, Nigeria.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_status">Official status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Official status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The language is not the official language of Nigeria or any other country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialects/varieties"><span id="Dialects.2Fvarieties"></span>Dialects/varieties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Dialects/varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three dialects of the Bade language that coincide with regions:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Gashua Bade (Mazgarwa)</li> <li>Southern Bade (Bade-Kado)</li> <li>Western Bade (Amshi, Maagwaram, Shirawa)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phonology">Phonology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Phonology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most West Chadic languages have a similar consonant inventory separated into eight major groups: labialized laryngeal, laryngeal, labialized velar, velar, lateral, alveopalatal, alveolar, and labial.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Bade/Ngizim languages, the <a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop_(letter)" title="Glottal stop (letter)">glottal stop</a> plays no role, but the vowel hiatus relies on <a href="/wiki/Elision" title="Elision">elision</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coalescence_(linguistics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalescence (linguistics)">coalescence</a>. The sounds also feature a "yawning" and has a shift from fricative to stop.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consonants">Consonants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Consonants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">Labial</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_consonant" title="Alveolar consonant">Alveolar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Postalveolar_consonant" title="Postalveolar consonant">Post-alv.</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">Palatal</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">Velar</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">Glottal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><span style="font-size:85%;">plain</span> </th> <th><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_consonant" title="Lateral consonant">lateral</a></span> </th> <th><small>plain</small> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization"><small>lab.</small></a> </th> <th><small>plain</small> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization"><small>lab.</small></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_nasal" title="Voiced bilabial nasal">m</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar nasal">n</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Stop_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop consonant">Stop</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Affricate" title="Affricate">Affricate</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive">t</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless postalveolar affricate">t͡ʃ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization">kʷ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar plosive">d</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiced postalveolar affricate">d͡ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization">ɡʷ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">prenasal</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵐb</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿd</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ⁿd͡ʒ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑɡ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑɡʷ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Implosive_consonant" title="Implosive consonant">implosive</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_implosive" title="Voiced bilabial implosive">ɓ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_implosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar implosive">ɗ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Relative_articulation#Advanced_and_retracted" title="Relative articulation">ɗ̠ʲ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fricative_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fricative consonant">Fricative</a> </th> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voicelessness" title="Voicelessness">voiceless</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative">ɬ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative">ʃ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_glottal_fricative" title="Voiceless glottal fricative">h</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization">hʷ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><small><a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voiced</a></small> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">z</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_fricative" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral fricative">ɮ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiced postalveolar fricative">ʒ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_glottal_fricative" title="Voiced glottal fricative">ɦ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization">ɦʷ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Rhotic_consonant" title="Rhotic consonant">Rhotic</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar trill">r</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_retroflex_flap" title="Voiced retroflex flap">ɽ</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Approximant_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Approximant consonant">Approximant</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant">l</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_approximant" title="Voiced palatal approximant">j</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span> </td> <td>(<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Glottalization" title="Glottalization">ˀj</a></span>) </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_trill" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced alveolar trill">r</a>/</span> may also be heard as a flap <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps" title="Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps">ɾ</a>]</span>.</li> <li><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɗ̠ʲ/</span> may also be heard as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˀj]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vowels">Vowels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Vowels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Front_vowel" title="Front vowel">Front</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Central_vowel" title="Central vowel">Central</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Back_vowel" title="Back vowel">Back</a> </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/Close_vowel" title="Close vowel">Close</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">iː</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Close central unrounded vowel">ɨ</a></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">uː</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Mid_vowel" title="Mid vowel">Mid</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">eː</a></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">oː</a></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">Open</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a></span> <span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">aː</a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grammar">Grammar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Grammar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The grammar for the Bade language is consistent with the <a href="/wiki/Ngizim_language" title="Ngizim language">Ngizim</a> language.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morphology_and_syntax">Morphology and syntax</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Morphology and syntax"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bade/Ngizim languages slightly differ from other Chadic languages.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bade and Ngizim have long vowels in closed syllables. Mid vowels also have a restricted use compared to other vowels. Mid vowels will rather appear as loanwords from other languages.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The language preserves <a href="/wiki/Diphthong" title="Diphthong">diphthongs</a> in both native and loanwords. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocabulary">Vocabulary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Vocabulary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bade language has strong influence from the <a href="/wiki/Kanuri_language" title="Kanuri language">Kanuri language</a>. There are many loanwords from Kanuri to West Chadic languages, including Bade.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bade is commonly grouped with the <a href="/wiki/Ngizim_language" title="Ngizim language">Ngizim</a> language. As an example, the word "healthy" is <span title="Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kr">nga</i></span> in the Kanuri language and <span title="Ngizim-language text"><i lang="ngi">ngā</i></span> in the Ngizim language.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently, the Hausa language has influenced the Bade language.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fish_names">Fish names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Fish names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-One_source plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-one_source" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>relies largely or entirely upon a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Bade_language" title="Talk:Bade language">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit">improve this article</a> by introducing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> to additional sources at this section.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Below are some fish names of the <a href="/wiki/Hadejia-Nguru_wetlands" title="Hadejia-Nguru wetlands">Hadejia-Nguru wetlands</a> in Bade, along with their <a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kanuri_language" title="Kanuri language">Manga Kanuri</a> equivalent names. Note that many of the species have not been observed recently, due to the drying up of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Scientific name</th> <th>English</th> <th>Bade</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Manga_Kanuri" title="Manga Kanuri">Manga Kanuri</a></th> <th>Present in 2003? </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>fish (general)</td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">Vunakon</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">kíífíí</i></span></td> <td><span title="Manga Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kby-Latn">búnì</i></span></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">kur cibil</i></span></td> <td>?</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">awgirin</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">kanze</i></span></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">amimiwal</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">kúr̃úƙúllìì</i></span></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hepsetus_odoe" title="Hepsetus odoe">Hepsetus odoe</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_pike" class="mw-redirect" title="African pike">African pike</a></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">njig duwaŋ</i></span></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Manga Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kby-Latn">kiribuni</i></span></td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Labeo_coubie" title="Labeo coubie">Labeo coubie</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labeo_coubie" title="Labeo coubie">African carp</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Synodontis" title="Synodontis">Synodontis</a></i> spp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">catfish</a></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">ƙùrúngùù</i></span></td> <td></td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Citharinus_citharus" title="Citharinus citharus">Citharinus citharus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Citharinus_latus" title="Citharinus latus">Citharinus latus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lutefish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutefish">lutefish</a></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">kalafan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">báánàà</i></span></td> <td><span title="Manga Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kby-Latn">palewal</i></span></td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hemichromis_bimaculatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemichromis bimaculatus">Hemichromis bimaculatus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hemichromis_fasciatus" title="Hemichromis fasciatus">Hemichromis fasciatus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jewelfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewelfish">jewelfish</a></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">bakar</i></span></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Heterotis_niloticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterotis niloticus">Heterotis niloticus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonytongue" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonytongue">bonytongue</a></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">ufdakon, ebugancen</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">bárgìì</i></span></td> <td><span title="Manga Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kby-Latn">baya</i></span></td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mormyrus_macrophthalmus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mormyrus macrophthalmus (page does not exist)">Mormyrus macrophthalmus</a></i></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">patima kururun</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">burar buzu</i></span></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Labeo_senegalensis" title="Labeo senegalensis">Labeo senegalensis</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labeo_senegalensis" title="Labeo senegalensis">African carp</a></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">gadabdan</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">búrdòò</i></span></td> <td><span title="Manga Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kby-Latn">bəskəm</i></span></td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcusenius_ihyuysi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcusenius ihyuysi (page does not exist)">Marcusenius ihyuysi</a></i></td> <td></td> <td><span title="Bade-language text"><i lang="bde">gulen</i></span></td> <td><span title="Hausa-language text"><i lang="ha">dagari</i></span></td> <td><span title="Manga Kanuri-language text"><i lang="kby-Latn">lamsa</i></span></td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Epiplatys" title="Epiplatys">Epiplatys</a></i> spp., <i><a href="/wiki/Aplocheilichthys" class="mw-redirect" title="Aplocheilichthys">Aplocheilichthys</a></i> spp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Killifish" title="Killifish">killifish</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Panchax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panchax (page does not exist)">panchax</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toothed_carp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toothed carp (page does not exist)">toothed carp</a></td> <td>ak dakwan</td> <td>dankya, akunu</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Barbus" title="Barbus">Barbus</a></i> spp.</td> <td></td> <td>buk zәmәn</td> <td>digila, bakin burdo</td> <td>bəskəm, cilim</td> <td>only seen near <a href="/wiki/Geidam" title="Geidam">Geidam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brycinus_leuciscus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brycinus leuciscus (page does not exist)">Brycinus leuciscus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_tetra" class="mw-redirect" title="African tetra">African tetras</a></td> <td>wasan</td> <td>dindukuri</td> <td>mәɗi</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Oreochromis_aureus" title="Oreochromis aureus">Oreochromis aureus</a></i> (formerly <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilapia_aurea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilapia aurea (page does not exist)">Tilapia aurea</a></i>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">tilapia</a></td> <td>kafakun</td> <td>duguru</td> <td>kawowo</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Parachanna_obscura" class="mw-redirect" title="Parachanna obscura">Parachanna obscura</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Snakehead_(fish)" title="Snakehead (fish)">snakehead</a></td> <td>mudugun</td> <td>dúmnóó</td> <td>dumno</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clarias_submarginatus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clarias submarginatus (page does not exist)">Clarias submarginatus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">catfish</a></td> <td></td> <td>dundin</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Clarotes" title="Clarotes">Clarotes</a></i> sp. ?</td> <td>?</td> <td></td> <td>dùrùdúrùù</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Labeo" title="Labeo">Labeo</a></i> sp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labeo" title="Labeo">African carp</a></td> <td></td> <td>ɗán dáátàà</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Citharinus_citharus" title="Citharinus citharus">Citharinus citharus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Citharinus_latus" title="Citharinus latus">Citharinus latus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lutefish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutefish">lutefish</a></td> <td></td> <td>fàlfàl</td> <td>fálfàl</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarotherodon_galileus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarotherodon galileus (page does not exist)">Sarotherodon galileus</a></i> (formerly <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilapia_galilaea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilapia galilaea (page does not exist)">Tilapia galilaea</a></i>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">tilapia</a></td> <td>kafakun heta</td> <td>fárín wala</td> <td>holo</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Protopterus_annectens" class="mw-redirect" title="Protopterus annectens">Protopterus annectens</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lungfish" title="Lungfish">lungfish</a></td> <td>ambun</td> <td>gáìwáá</td> <td>ambu</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Heterobranchus_bidorsalis" title="Heterobranchus bidorsalis">Heterobranchus bidorsalis</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>mәsan</td> <td>gara raka (?)</td> <td>?</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Polypterus" title="Polypterus">Polypterus</a></i> spp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bichir" title="Bichir">bichir</a> fish</td> <td>awiɗon</td> <td>gàrgázáá, garza</td> <td>bàràkádí</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Lates_niloticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Lates niloticus">Lates niloticus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nile_perch" title="Nile perch">Nile perch</a></td> <td>kaɓәlin</td> <td>gííwár̃ rúwááɓáríyàà</td> <td>ɓariya</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mormyrus_isidori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mormyrus isidori (page does not exist)">Mormyrus isidori</a></i></td> <td>?</td> <td></td> <td>hààlàɓà</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Clarias" title="Clarias">Clarias</a></i> sp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">catfish</a></td> <td>aalan</td> <td>jàríí</td> <td>ari</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brycinus_macrolepidotus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brycinus macrolepidotus (page does not exist)">Brycinus macrolepidotus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_tetra" class="mw-redirect" title="African tetra">African tetras</a></td> <td>?</td> <td>kándáurákàà</td> <td>?</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyborus_besse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ichthyborus besse (page does not exist)">Ichthyborus besse</a></i></td> <td>? but cf. 'otter'</td> <td></td> <td>kàren rúwáá</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">Tilapia</a></i> spp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">tilapia</a></td> <td>ɗiɗikir</td> <td>kárfásáá</td> <td></td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Distichodus" title="Distichodus">Distichodus</a></i> spp.</td> <td>grasseater</td> <td>kaskasan</td> <td>káwsàà cihaki</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tetraodon_fahaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetraodon fahaka">Tetraodon fahaka</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pufferfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Pufferfish">pufferfish</a></td> <td>kuɗiɗin mәfkәtәn, məkfətən</td> <td>kómbání</td> <td>kube</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dasyatis_garouaensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasyatis garouaensis">Dasyatis garouaensis</a></i></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dotted_ray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dotted ray (page does not exist)">dotted ray</a></td> <td>wurjik duwan</td> <td>kunaman rúwáá</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mormyrus_rume" title="Mormyrus rume">Mormyrus rume</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elephantsnout_fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Elephantsnout fish">elephantsnout fish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trunkfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Trunkfish">trunkfish</a></td> <td></td> <td>lámsàà</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parailia_pellucida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parailia pellucida (page does not exist)">Parailia pellucida</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>kalapar</td> <td>lapar</td> <td>lapar</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Schilbe" title="Schilbe">Schilbe</a></i> spp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Schilbe" title="Schilbe">butter catfish</a></td> <td>ganun</td> <td>lûlúú mai kaya</td> <td>lulu</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Chrysichthys" title="Chrysichthys">Chrysichthys</a></i> sp.</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>mai barewa</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tilapia_zilii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tilapia zilii (page does not exist)">Tilapia zilii</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">tilapia</a></td> <td>kafakun suk jijin</td> <td>mai gidan gaci karfasa shuri</td> <td>kawowo</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Heterobranchus" title="Heterobranchus">Heterobranchus</a></i> spp.</td> <td></td> <td>?</td> <td>mài leemu</td> <td>?</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Malapterurus_electricus" title="Malapterurus electricus">Malapterurus electricus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electric_catfish" title="Electric catfish">electric catfish</a></td> <td>mjaŋ, njan</td> <td>mínjíryáá</td> <td>muu</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagrus_filamentosus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagrus filamentosus (page does not exist)">Bagrus filamentosus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silver_catfish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silver catfish (page does not exist)">silver catfish</a></td> <td></td> <td>mumfal [?]</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagrus_bayad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagrus bayad (page does not exist)">Bagrus bayad</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagrus_docmak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagrus docmak (page does not exist)">Bagrus docmak</a></i></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silver_catfish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silver catfish (page does not exist)">silver catfish</a></td> <td>masamanin</td> <td>múskòò</td> <td>mazambale</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcusenius_cyprinoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcusenius cyprinoides (page does not exist)">Marcusenius cyprinoides</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>takɗo</td> <td>paya</td> <td>paya</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Alestes_baremoze" title="Alestes baremoze">Alestes baremoze</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_tetra" class="mw-redirect" title="African tetra">African tetras</a></td> <td>zantarin saaron</td> <td>sááróó</td> <td>saraŋ</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Oreochromis_niloticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Oreochromis niloticus">Oreochromis niloticus</a></i> (formerly <i><a href="/wiki/Tilapia_nilotica" class="mw-redirect" title="Tilapia nilotica">Tilapia nilotica</a></i>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">tilapia</a></td> <td>andalon</td> <td>sakiya</td> <td>kawowo</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mormyrus" title="Mormyrus">Mormyrus</a></i> sp.</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>sááwáyàà</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Siluranodon_auritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Siluranodon auritus">Siluranodon auritus</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>?</td> <td>sháŋsháŋ (given as <i><a href="/wiki/Synodontis" title="Synodontis">Synodontis</a></i> sp. in other sources)</td> <td>?</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Clarias" title="Clarias">Clarias</a></i> sp.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">catfish</a></td> <td>mәsan</td> <td>tárwáɗáá</td> <td>bigiri</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Marcusenius_abadii" title="Marcusenius abadii">Marcusenius abadii</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>kurinyin</td> <td>táátàr̃</td> <td>lamsa</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Campylomormyrus_tamandua" class="mw-redirect" title="Campylomormyrus tamandua">Campylomormyrus tamandua</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>tәrwәn, sawayen</td> <td>tola, kánzáyíí</td> <td>tólà, sawaya</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hydrocynus_vittatus" title="Hydrocynus vittatus">Hydrocynus vittatus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tigerfish" title="Tigerfish">tigerfish</a></td> <td>dlayad, dleyal, jik duwan</td> <td>tságíí</td> <td>jay</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brycinus_nurse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brycinus nurse (page does not exist)">Brycinus nurse</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/African_tetra" class="mw-redirect" title="African tetra">African tetras</a></td> <td>zharwon, saron</td> <td>ƙááwàráá</td> <td>deda</td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chrysichthys_nigrodigitatus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (page does not exist)">Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Chrysichthys_auratus" title="Chrysichthys auratus">Chrysichthys auratus</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>dumdumi, gajakan</td> <td>ƙàrááyáá</td> <td>ŋgaya</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Auchenoglanis_occidentalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Auchenoglanis occidentalis">Auchenoglanis occidentalis</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auchenoglanis_biscutatus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auchenoglanis biscutatus (page does not exist)">Auchenoglanis biscutatus</a></i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">catfish</a></td> <td>kazhakat</td> <td>yàuníí</td> <td>ŋgaya</td> <td>Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Gymnarchus_niloticus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymnarchus niloticus">Gymnarchus niloticus</a></i></td> <td></td> <td>mәzәman</td> <td>zááwàà</td> <td>kaaz</td> <td>No </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writing_system">Writing system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Writing system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bade language uses a Latin script writing script.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Bade alphabet<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDagonaSchuh2009vii_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDagonaSchuh2009vii-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C6%8F" title="Ə">Ə</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/A_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="A (letter)">A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/B_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="B (letter)">B</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C6%81" title="Ɓ">Ɓ</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/C_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="C (letter)">C</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="D (letter)">D</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C6%8A" title="Ɗ">Ɗ</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/E_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="E (letter)">E</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/F_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="F (letter)">F</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/G_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="G (letter)">G</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/H_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="H (letter)">H</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/I_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="I (letter)">I</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/J_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="J (letter)">J</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/K_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="K (letter)">K</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/L_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="L (letter)">L</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="M (letter)">M</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/N_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="N (letter)">N</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ŋ">Ŋ</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/O_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="O (letter)">O</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/P_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="P (letter)">P</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/R_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="R (letter)">R</a></td> <td>R̃</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="S (letter)">S</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/T_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="T (letter)">T</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/U_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="U (letter)">U</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="V (letter)">V</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/W_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="W (letter)">W</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Y_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Y (letter)">Y</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CA%BCY&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ʼY (page does not exist)">ʼY</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Z_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Z (letter)">Z</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ə</td> <td>a</td> <td>b</td> <td>ɓ</td> <td>c </td> <td>d</td> <td>ɗ</td> <td>e</td> <td>f</td> <td>g </td> <td>h</td> <td>i</td> <td>j</td> <td>k</td> <td>l </td> <td>m</td> <td>n</td> <td>ŋ</td> <td>o</td> <td>p </td> <td>r</td> <td>r̃</td> <td>s</td> <td>t</td> <td>u </td> <td>v</td> <td>w</td> <td>y</td> <td>ʼy</td> <td>z </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The letter R̃ is only used in the Gashua dialect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e25-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e25_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/25/language/bde">Bade</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (25th ed., 2022) <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"><img alt="Closed access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/9px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/14px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/18px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBlench2007" class="citation cs2">Blench, R. (2007), <i>Endangered Languages</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Endangered+Languages&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Blench&rft.aufirst=R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (July 2024)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/"><i>Ethnologue: Languages of the World</i></a> (unknown ed.). SIL International.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnologue%3A+Languages+of+the+World&rft.edition=unknown&rft.pub=SIL+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup" title="Wikipedia:Cleanup"><span title="Wikipedia:Cleanup">This citation is dated, and should be substituted with a specific edition of <i>Ethnologue</i></span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhalen2012" class="citation journal cs1">Whalen, D.H. (2012). "Endangered language families". <i>Language</i>. <b>88</b>: <span class="nowrap">155–</span>173. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Flan.2012.0012">10.1353/lan.2012.0012</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10125%2F5017">10125/5017</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143898338">143898338</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Language&rft.atitle=Endangered+language+families&rft.volume=88&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E155-%3C%2Fspan%3E173&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10125%2F5017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143898338%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Flan.2012.0012&rft.aulast=Whalen&rft.aufirst=D.H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLupke2009" class="citation journal cs1">Lupke, Friederike (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/7882/1/Luepke_2009_ARD_109.pdf">"At the margin - African Endangered Languages in the Context of Global Endangerment Discourses"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/African_Research_%26_Documentation" class="mw-redirect" title="African Research & Documentation">African Research & Documentation</a></i>. <b>109</b>: <span class="nowrap">15–</span>41. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0305862X00016472">10.1017/S0305862X00016472</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142849572">142849572</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=African+Research+%26+Documentation&rft.atitle=At+the+margin+-+African+Endangered+Languages+in+the+Context+of+Global+Endangerment+Discourses&rft.volume=109&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E15-%3C%2Fspan%3E41&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0305862X00016472&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142849572%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Lupke&rft.aufirst=Friederike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feprints.soas.ac.uk%2F7882%2F1%2FLuepke_2009_ARD_109.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuh2003" class="citation journal cs1">Schuh, R.G. 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"Democratisation of Language Use in Public Domains in Nigeria". <i>The Journal of Modern African Studies</i>. <b>31</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">639–</span>656. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0022278X00012283">10.1017/S0022278X00012283</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-278X">0022-278X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155020713">155020713</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Modern+African+Studies&rft.atitle=Democratisation+of+Language+Use+in+Public+Domains+in+Nigeria&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E639-%3C%2Fspan%3E656&rft.date=1993-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155020713%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0022-278X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0022278X00012283&rft.aulast=Brann&rft.aufirst=Conrad+Max+Benedict&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNovak2008" class="citation journal cs1">Novak, Amy (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/246610">"Who speaks? Who listens?: The problem of address in two Nigerian trauma novels"</a>. <i>Studies in the Novel</i>. <b>40</b> (<span class="nowrap">1–</span>2): <span class="nowrap">31–</span>51. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fsdn.0.0013">10.1353/sdn.0.0013</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:49386578">49386578</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+the+Novel&rft.atitle=Who+speaks%3F+Who+listens%3F%3A+The+problem+of+address+in+two+Nigerian+trauma+novels&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E31-%3C%2Fspan%3E51&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fsdn.0.0013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A49386578%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Novak&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Farticle%2F246610&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuh2009" class="citation web cs1">Schuh, Russell (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213033139/http://aflang.humnet.ucla.edu/Ngizim/ngizim.html">"The Ngizim Language"</a>. <i>aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.humnet.ucla.edu/Ngizim/ngizim.html">the original</a> on 13 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu&rft.atitle=The+Ngizim+Language&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Schuh&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faflang.humnet.ucla.edu%2FNgizim%2Fngizim.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuh2002" class="citation web cs1">Schuh, Russell (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170804220717/http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/Bade_Ngizim/Handout_02.pdf">"Overview of Bade/Ngizim of Phonology"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/Bade_Ngizim/Handout_02.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu&rft.atitle=Overview+of+Bade%2FNgizim+of+Phonology&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Schuh&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faflang.linguistics.ucla.edu%2Fpeople%2Fschuh%2FBade_Ngizim%2FHandout_02.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuh2002" class="citation web cs1">Schuh, Russell (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180320100942/http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/Bade_Ngizim/00bade_ngizim.html">"The Phonology and Morphology of Bade and Ngizim"</a>. <i>aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/Bade_Ngizim/00bade_ngizim.html">the original</a> on 20 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu&rft.atitle=The+Phonology+and+Morphology+of+Bade+and+Ngizim&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Schuh&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faflang.linguistics.ucla.edu%2Fpeople%2Fschuh%2FBade_Ngizim%2F00bade_ngizim.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuh1997" class="citation web cs1">Schuh, Russell (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180826065629/http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/Bade_Ngizim/Bade_Ng_voice_changes.pdf">"Changes in Obstruent Voicing in Bade/Ngizim"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/schuh/Bade_Ngizim/Bade_Ng_voice_changes.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu&rft.atitle=Changes+in+Obstruent+Voicing+in+Bade%2FNgizim&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Schuh&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faflang.linguistics.ucla.edu%2Fpeople%2Fschuh%2FBade_Ngizim%2FBade_Ng_voice_changes.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlench2020" class="citation web cs1">Blench, Roger (8 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231106184518/http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Animals/Fish/HJWP%20fish.pdf">"Changing fisheries ecology in the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Roger Blench</i>. Draft. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rogerblench.info/Ethnoscience/Animals/Fish/HJWP%20fish.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roger+Blench&rft.atitle=Changing+fisheries+ecology+in+the+Hadejia-Nguru+wetlands&rft.date=2020-04-08&rft.aulast=Blench&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerblench.info%2FEthnoscience%2FAnimals%2FFish%2FHJWP%2520fish.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (July 2024)">self-published source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDagonaSchuh2009vii-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDagonaSchuh2009vii_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDagonaSchuh2009">Dagona & Schuh 2009</a>, p. vii.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDagonaSchuh2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dagona, Bala Wakili; Schuh, Russell G (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041103194514/http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/aflang/Yobe/Dictionaries/Wbade_english_hausa.pdf"><i>Bade-English-Hausa dictionary: (western dialect)</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Bade, English, and Hausa). Ajami. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/65213389">65213389</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/aflang/Yobe/Dictionaries/Wbade_english_hausa.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 3 November 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bade-English-Hausa+dictionary%3A+%28western+dialect%29&rft.pub=Ajami&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F65213389&rft.aulast=Dagona&rft.aufirst=Bala+Wakili&rft.au=Schuh%2C+Russell+G&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.humnet.ucla.edu%2Fhumnet%2Faflang%2FYobe%2FDictionaries%2FWbade_english_hausa.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unrecognized_language" title="Category:CS1 maint: unrecognized language">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuh1977" class="citation journal cs1">Schuh, Russell G. (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/SchuhBadeNgizimDeterminativeSystem1977/page/n1/mode/2up">"Bade/Ngizim determiner system"</a>. <i>Afroasiatic Linguistics</i>. <b>4</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>74.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Afroasiatic+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Bade%2FNgizim+determiner+system&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E74&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Schuh&rft.aufirst=Russell+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FSchuhBadeNgizimDeterminativeSystem1977%2Fpage%2Fn1%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABade+language" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bade_language&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/Bade/bade.html">UCLA resources on the Bade language</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20161128060030/http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/Bade/bade.html">Archived</a> 2016-11-28 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/Bade/Papers/WB_morphology.pdf">Bade phonology and morphology</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/Yobe/Dictionaries/Gbade_english_bade.pdf">Bade word list</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/Yobe/Dictionaries/Gbade_english_hausa.pdf">Bade-English-Hausa Dictionary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161128201111/http://aflang.linguistics.ucla.edu/Yobe/Dictionaries/Gbade_english_hausa.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-11-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.language-archives.org/language/bde">OLAC resources in and about the Bade language</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Languages_of_Nigeria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Languages of Nigeria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Nigeria140" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Nigeria" title="Languages of Nigeria">Languages of Nigeria</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_English" title="Nigerian English">English</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_language" title="Igbo language">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recognised languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berom_language" title="Berom language">Berom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebira_language" title="Ebira language">Ebira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edo_language" title="Edo language">Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibibio-Efik_languages" title="Ibibio-Efik languages">Efik-Ibibio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fula_language" title="Fula language">Fulfulde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwari_language" title="Gwari language">Gbagyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idoma_language" title="Idoma language">Idoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igala_language" title="Igala language">Igala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijaw_languages" title="Ijaw languages">Ijaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoko_language" title="Isoko language">Isoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izere_language" title="Izere language">Izere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jju_language" title="Jju language">Jju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukunoid_languages" title="Jukunoid languages">Jukun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanuri_language" title="Kanuri language">Kanuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nupe_language" title="Nupe language">Nupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karai-karai" title="Karai-karai">Karai-karai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiv_language" title="Tiv language">Tiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyap_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyap language">Tyap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni_language" title="Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni language">Ukwuani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urhobo_language" title="Urhobo language">Urhobo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e6e6ff;"><div id="Indigenous_languages_(grouped_by_Nigerian_state)106" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Indigenous languages <span style="font-size:85%;">(grouped by <a href="/wiki/States_of_Nigeria" title="States of Nigeria">Nigerian state</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Adamawa_State" title="Adamawa State">Adamawa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Baa language">Baa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacama_language" title="Bacama language">Bacama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_language_(Adamawa)" title="Bali language (Adamawa)">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bata_language" title="Bata language">Bata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boga_language" title="Boga language">Boga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bura_language" title="Bura language">Bura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamba_Leko" title="Chamba Leko">Chamba Leko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daba_language" title="Daba language">Daba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daka_language" title="Daka language">Daka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_language_(Nigeria)" title="Dong language (Nigeria)">Dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fali_of_Mubi" title="Fali of Mubi">Fali of Mubi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ga%27anda_language" title="Ga'anda language">Ga'anda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaa_language" title="Gaa language">Gaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gude_language" title="Gude language">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudu_language" title="Gudu language">Gudu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holma_language" title="Holma language">Holma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huba_language" title="Huba language">Huba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwana_language" title="Hwana language">Hwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hya_language" title="Hya language">Hya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamwe_language" title="Kamwe language">Kamwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakuru_language" title="Kanakuru language">Kanakuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirya-Konz%C9%99l_language" title="Kirya-Konzəl language">Kirya-Konzəl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofa_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kofa language">Kofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koma_language" title="Koma language">Koma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpasam_language" title="Kpasam language">Kpasam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kugama_language" title="Kugama language">Kugama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumba_language" title="Kumba language">Kumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamang_language" title="Lamang language">Lamang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longuda_language" title="Longuda language">Longuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margi_language" title="Margi language">Margi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margi_South_language" title="Margi South language">Margi South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumuye_language" title="Mumuye language">Mumuye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngwaba_language" title="Ngwaba language">Ngwaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyong_language" title="Nyong language">Nyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzanyi_language" title="Nzanyi language">Nzanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psiky%C9%9B_dialect" title="Psikyɛ dialect">Psikyɛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukur_language" title="Sukur language">Sukur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taram_language" title="Taram language">Taram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teme_language" title="Teme language">Teme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tso_language" title="Tso language">Tso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vere_language" title="Vere language">Vere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waja_language" title="Waja language">Waja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wom_language_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wom language (Nigeria)">Wom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yendang_language" title="Yendang language">Yendang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zizilivakan_language" title="Zizilivakan language">Zizilivakan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Akwa_Ibom_State" title="Akwa Ibom State">Akwa Ibom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaang_language" title="Anaang language">Anaang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekit language">Ekit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibibio_language" title="Ibibio language">Ibibio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obolo_language" title="Obolo language">Obolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oron_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Oron language">Oron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bauchi_State" title="Bauchi State">Bauchi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C6%81eele_language" title="Ɓeele language">Ɓeele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bole_language" title="Bole language">Bole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bure_language" title="Bure language">Bure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciwogai_language" title="Ciwogai language">Ciwogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dass_language" title="Dass language">Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazawa_language" title="Dazawa language">Dazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deno_language" title="Deno language">Deno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikaka_language" title="Dikaka language">Dikaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulbu_language" title="Dulbu language">Dulbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galambu_language" title="Galambu language">Galambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gera_language" title="Gera language">Gera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geruma_language" title="Geruma language">Geruma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giiwo_language" title="Giiwo language">Giiwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruntum_language" title="Guruntum language">Guruntum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalaa_language" title="Jalaa language">Jalaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarawa_language_(Nigeria)" title="Jarawa language (Nigeria)">Jarawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_language_(Nigeria)" title="Jimi language (Nigeria)">Jimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karekare_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Karekare language">Karekare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kariya_language" title="Kariya language">Kariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kir-Balar_language" title="Kir-Balar language">Kir-Balar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubi_language" title="Kubi language">Kubi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kushi language">Kushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusur%E2%80%93Myet_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kusur–Myet language">Kusur–Myet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutto_language" title="Kutto language">Kutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaami_language" title="Kwaami language">Kwaami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labir_language" title="Labir language">Labir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longuda_language" title="Longuda language">Longuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangas_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangas language">Mangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mburku_language" title="Mburku language">Mburku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miya_language" title="Miya language">Miya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%27a_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pa'a language">Pa'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piya_language" title="Piya language">Piya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polci_language" title="Polci language">Polci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiki_language" title="Shiki language">Shiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siri_language" title="Siri language">Siri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tso_language" title="Tso language">Tso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warji_language" title="Warji language">Warji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zangwal_language" title="Zangwal language">Zangwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumbun_language" title="Zumbun language">Zumbun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bayelsa_State" title="Bayelsa State">Bayelsa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izon_language" title="Izon language">Izon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epie_language" title="Epie language">Epie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urhobo-Isoko" class="mw-redirect" title="Urhobo-Isoko">Urhobo-Isoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Ijo" title="Southeast Ijo">Southeast Ijo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Benue_State" title="Benue State">Benue</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eggon_language" title="Eggon language">Eggon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igede_language" title="Igede language">Igede</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Borno_State" title="Borno State">Borno</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afade_language" title="Afade language">Afade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bura_language" title="Bura language">Bura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cibak_language" title="Cibak language">Cibak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cineni_language" title="Cineni language">Cineni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dghwede_language" title="Dghwede language">Dghwede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glavda_language" title="Glavda language">Glavda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gude_language" title="Gude language">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guduf-Gava_language" title="Guduf-Gava language">Guduf-Gava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gvoko_language" title="Gvoko language">Gvoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jara_language" title="Jara language">Jara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilbe_language" title="Jilbe language">Jilbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamwe_language" title="Kamwe language">Kamwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakuru_language" title="Kanakuru language">Kanakuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamang_language" title="Lamang language">Lamang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maaka_language" title="Maaka language">Maaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafa_language" title="Mafa language">Mafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margi_language" title="Margi language">Margi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margi_South_language" title="Margi South language">Margi South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nggwahyi_language" title="Nggwahyi language">Nggwahyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putai_language" title="Putai language">Putai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tera_language" title="Tera language">Tera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandala_language" title="Wandala language">Wandala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yedina_language" title="Yedina language">Yedina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cross_River_State" title="Cross River State">Cross River</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abanyom_language" title="Abanyom language">Abanyom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efik_language" title="Efik language">Efik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbe_language" title="Mbe language">Mbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbembe_language" title="Mbembe language">Mbembe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Delta_State" title="Delta State">Delta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urhobo-Isoko" class="mw-redirect" title="Urhobo-Isoko">Urhobo-Isoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ika_language_(Nigeria)" title="Ika language (Nigeria)">Ika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izon_language" title="Izon language">Izon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isoko_language" title="Isoko language">Isoko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni_language" title="Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni language">Ukwuani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urhobo_language" title="Urhobo language">Uhrobo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Edo_State" title="Edo State">Edo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afenmai_language" title="Afenmai language">Afenmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishan language">Ishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bini_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bini language">Bini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gombe_State" title="Gombe State">Gombe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awak_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Awak language">Awak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangwinji_language" title="Bangwinji language">Bangwinji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bole_language" title="Bole language">Bole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadiya_language" title="Dadiya language">Dadiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jara_language" title="Jara language">Jara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamo_language" title="Kamo language">Kamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngamo_language" title="Ngamo language">Ngamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pero_language" title="Pero language">Pero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangale_language" title="Tangale language">Tangale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tera_language" title="Tera language">Tera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula_language" title="Tula language">Tula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waja_language" title="Waja language">Waja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jigawa_State" title="Jigawa State">Jigawa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshenawa_language" title="Teshenawa language">Teshenawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kaduna_State" title="Kaduna State">Kaduna</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adara_language" title="Adara language">Adara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahwai_language" title="Ahwai language">Ahwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanufi_language" title="Kanufi language">Anib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atsam_language" title="Atsam language">Atsam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayu_language" title="Ayu language">Ayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berom_language" title="Berom language">Berom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu_language" title="Bu language">Bu-Ninkada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bina_language" title="Bina language">Bina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piti_language" title="Piti language">Bishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cori_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cori language">Cori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doka_language" title="Doka language">Doka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungu_language" title="Dungu language">Dungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duya_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Duya language">Duya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iku_language" title="Iku language">Ekhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbagyi_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gbagyi language">Gbagyi-Gbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwandara_language" title="Gwandara language">Gwandara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyong_language" title="Gyong language">Gyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasha_language" title="Hasha language">Hasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyam_language" title="Hyam language">Hyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulu_language" title="Kulu language">Ikulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jju_language" title="Jju language">Jju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaivi_language" title="Kaivi language">Kaivi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinuku_language" title="Kinuku language">Kinuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kono_language_(Nigeria)" title="Kono language (Nigeria)">Koonu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuwa-Zamani_language" title="Shuwa-Zamani language">Kuzamani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mada_language" title="Mada language">Mada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mala_language" title="Mala language">Mala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nghan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nghan language">Nghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikyob-Nindem_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikyob-Nindem language">Nikyob-Nindem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninzo_language" title="Ninzo language">Ninzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numana_language" title="Numana language">Numana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nungu_language" title="Nungu language">Nungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyankpa_language" title="Nyankpa language">Nyankpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruma_language" title="Ruma language">Ruma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambe_language" title="Sambe language">Sambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_language" title="Sha language">Sha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamang_language" title="Shamang language">Shamang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurama_language" title="Kurama language">T'kurmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Map_language" title="Map language">Timap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheni-Ziriya_language" title="Sheni-Ziriya language">TiSeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vori_language" title="Vori language">Tivori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toro_language" title="Toro language">Toro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbiri-Niragu_language" title="Gbiri-Niragu language">Tugbiri-Niragu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumi_language" title="Tumi language">Tumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyap_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyap language">Tyap (Fantswam, Gworog, Sholyio, Takad, Tyap Mabatado, Tyecharak, Tyuku)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vono_language" title="Vono language">Vono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koro_Wachi_language" title="Koro Wachi language">Wachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhire_language" title="Zhire language">Zhire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kano_State" title="Kano State">Kano</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C6%8Auwai_language" title="Ɗuwai language">Ɗuwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurama_language" title="Kurama language">Tikurmi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kebbi_State" title="Kebbi State">Kebbi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cipu_language" title="Cipu language">Cipu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damakawa_language" title="Damakawa language">Damakawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hun-Saare_language" title="Hun-Saare language">Hun-Saare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kogi_State" title="Kogi State">Kogi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basa-Benue_language" title="Basa-Benue language">Basa-Benue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassa_Nge_people" title="Bassa Nge people">Bassa Nge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igala_language" title="Igala language">Igala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nupe_language" title="Nupe language">Nupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oworo_dialect" title="Oworo dialect">Oworo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kwara_State" title="Kwara State">Kwara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kakanda_language" title="Kakanda language">Kakanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupa_language" title="Kupa language">Kupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nupe_language" title="Nupe language">Nupe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nasarawa_State" title="Nasarawa State">Nasarawa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ake_language" title="Ake language">Ake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alumu_language" title="Alumu language">Alumu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basa-Benue_language" title="Basa-Benue language">Basa-Benue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duhwa_language" title="Duhwa language">Duhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggon_language" title="Eggon language">Eggon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasha_language" title="Hasha language">Hasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jili_language" title="Jili language">Jili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toro_language" title="Toro language">Toro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Niger_State" title="Niger State">Niger</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asu_language_(Nigeria)" title="Asu language (Nigeria)">Asu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bariba_language" title="Bariba language">Bariba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cipu_language" title="Cipu language">Cipu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbagyi_people" title="Gbagyi people">Gbagyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwandara_language" title="Gwandara language">Gwandara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jijili_language" title="Jijili language">Jijili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakanda_language" title="Kakanda language">Kakanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nupe_language" title="Nupe language">Nupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pongu_language" title="Pongu language">Pongu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ondo_State" title="Ondo State">Ondo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Itsekiri_language" title="Itsekiri language">Itsekiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izon_language" title="Izon language">Izon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukaan_language" title="Ukaan language">Ukaan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plateau_State" title="Plateau State">Plateau</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barkul_language" title="Barkul language">Barkul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berom_language" title="Berom language">Berom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boghom_language" title="Boghom language">Bogghom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bole_language" title="Bole language">Bole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cakfem-Mushere_language" title="Cakfem-Mushere language">Cakfem-Mushere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dass_language" title="Dass language">Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Fyam language">Fyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyer_language" title="Fyer language">Fyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goemai_language" title="Goemai language">Goemai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horom_language" title="Horom language">Horom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izere_language" title="Izere language">Izere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Jorto language">Jorto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koenoem_language" title="Koenoem language">Koenoem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofyar_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kofyar language">Kofyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulere_language" title="Kulere language">Kulere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miship_language" title="Miship language">Miship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montol_language" title="Montol language">Montol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundat_language" title="Mundat language">Mundat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwaghavul_language" title="Mwaghavul language">Mwaghavul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngas_language" title="Ngas language">Ngas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe_language" title="Pe language">Pe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyapun_language" title="Pyapun language">Pyapun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigwe_language" title="Rigwe language">Rigwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_language" title="Ron language">Ron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_language" title="Sha language">Sha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sur language">Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_language" title="Tal language">Tal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambas_language" title="Tambas language">Tambas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarok_language" title="Tarok language">Tarok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyap_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyap language">Tyap (Takad)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yankam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yankam language">Yankam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiwom_language" title="Yiwom language">Yiwom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State" title="Rivers State">Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abua_language" title="Abua language">Abua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baan_language" title="Baan language">Baan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biseni_language" title="Biseni language">Biseni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defaka_language" title="Defaka language">Defaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degema_language" title="Degema language">Degema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekpeye_language" title="Ekpeye language">Ekpeye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleme_language" title="Eleme language">Eleme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engenni_language" title="Engenni language">Engenni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokana_language" title="Gokana language">Gokana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijaw_languages" title="Ijaw languages">Ijaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikwerre_language" title="Ikwerre language">Ikwerre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalabari_language" title="Kalabari language">Kalabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khana_language" title="Khana language">Khana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kugbo_language" title="Kugbo language">Kugbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkoroo_language" title="Nkoroo language">Nkoroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%E2%80%99chi%E2%80%99chi%E2%80%99_language" class="mw-redirect" title="O’chi’chi’ language">O’chi’chi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obolo_language" title="Obolo language">Obolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obulom_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Obulom language">Obulom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odual_language" title="Odual language">Odual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogba_language" title="Ogba language">Ogba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogbogolo_language" title="Ogbogolo language">Ogbogolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogbronuagum_language" title="Ogbronuagum language">Ogbronuagum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogoni_languages" title="Ogoni languages">Ogoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okodia_language" title="Okodia language">Okodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oruma_language" title="Oruma language">Oruma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tee_language" title="Tee language">Tee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni_language" title="Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni language">Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taraba_State" title="Taraba State">Taraba</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baissa_Fali_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Baissa Fali language">Baissa Fali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bete_language_(Nigeria)" title="Bete language (Nigeria)">Bete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buru_language_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buru language (Nigeria)">Buru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadiya_language" title="Dadiya language">Dadiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donga_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Donga language">Donga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kholok_language" title="Kholok language">Kholok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpati_language" title="Kpati language">Kpati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laka_language_(Nigeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laka language (Nigeria)">Laka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufu_language" title="Lufu language">Lufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumuye_language" title="Mumuye language">Mumuye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyam_language" title="Nyam language">Nyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyingwom_language" title="Nyingwom language">Nyingwom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangseng_language" title="Pangseng language">Pangseng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rang_language" title="Rang language">Rang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarok_language" title="Tarok language">Tarok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waja_language" title="Waja language">Waja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_language" title="Waka language">Waka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yendang_language" title="Yendang language">Yendang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoti_language" title="Yoti language">Yoti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yobe_State" title="Yobe State">Yobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bole_language" title="Bole language">Bole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C6%8Auwai_language" title="Ɗuwai language">Ɗuwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karekare_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Karekare language">Karekare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngamo_language" title="Ngamo language">Ngamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngizim_language" title="Ngizim language">Ngizim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sign languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian Sign Language">Nigerian Sign Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bura_Sign_Language" title="Bura Sign Language">Bura Sign Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_Sign_Language" title="Hausa Sign Language">Hausa Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrant languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Nigerian_alphabet" title="Pan-Nigerian alphabet">Pan-Nigerian alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_braille" title="Nigerian braille">Nigerian braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medefaidrin" title="Medefaidrin">Medefaidrin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="West_Chadic_languages438" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:West_Chadic_languages" title="Template:West Chadic languages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:West_Chadic_languages" title="Template talk:West Chadic languages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:West_Chadic_languages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:West Chadic languages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="West_Chadic_languages438" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/West_Chadic_languages" title="West Chadic languages">West Chadic languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hausa%E2%80%93Gwandara_languages" title="Hausa–Gwandara languages">Hausa–<br />Gwandara</a> (A.1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gwandara_language" title="Gwandara language">Gwandara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_language" title="Hausa language">Hausa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bole%E2%80%93Tangale_languages" title="Bole–Tangale languages">Bole–<br />Tangale</a> (A.2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bole</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C6%81eele_language" title="Ɓeele language">Ɓeele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bole_language" title="Bole language">Bole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bure_language" title="Bure language">Bure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazawa_language" title="Dazawa language">Daza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deno_language" title="Deno language">Deno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galambu_language" title="Galambu language">Galambu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gera_language" title="Gera language">Gera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geruma_language" title="Geruma language">Geruma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giiwo_language" title="Giiwo language">Giiwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karai-karai" title="Karai-karai">Karai-karai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kubi_language" title="Kubi language">Kubi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngamo_language" title="Ngamo language">Ngamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maaka_language" title="Maaka language">Maaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pali_language_(Chadic)" title="Pali language (Chadic)">Pali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tangale</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goji_language" title="Goji language">Goji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakuru_language" title="Kanakuru language">Kanakuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kholok_language" title="Kholok language">Kholok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulung_language_(West_Chadic)" title="Kulung language (West Chadic)">Kulung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutto_language" title="Kutto language">Kutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaami_language" title="Kwaami language">Kwaami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyam_language" title="Nyam language">Nyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pero_language" title="Pero language">Pero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piya_language" title="Piya language">Piya-Kwonci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangale_language" title="Tangale language">Tangale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angas_languages" title="Angas languages">Angas</a> (A.3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beln%C9%99ng_language" title="Belnəng language">Belnəng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cakfem-Mushere_language" title="Cakfem-Mushere language">Cakfem-Mushere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakato_language" title="Chakato language">Chakato</a> (Jorto)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goemai_language" title="Goemai language">Goemai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jibyal_language" title="Jibyal language">Jibyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koenoem_language" title="Koenoem language">Koenoem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miler_language" title="Miler language">Miler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miship_language" title="Miship language">Miship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montol_language" title="Montol language">Montol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mwaghavul_language" title="Mwaghavul language">Mwaghavul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngas_language" title="Ngas language">Ngas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nteng_language" title="Nteng language">Nteng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_language" title="Pan language">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyapun_language" title="Pyapun language">Pyapun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_language" title="Tal language">Tal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiwom_language" title="Yiwom language">Yiwom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ron_languages" title="Ron languages">Ron</a> (A.4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duhwa_language" title="Duhwa language">Duhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyer_language" title="Fyer language">Fyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulere_language" title="Kulere language">Kulere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundat_language" title="Mundat language">Mundat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_language" title="Ron language">Ron</a> <ul><li>Bokkos</li> <li>Daffo-Butura</li> <li>Shagawu</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_language" title="Sha language">Sha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambas_language" title="Tambas language">Tambas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bade_languages" title="Bade languages">Bade</a> (B.1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Auyokawa_language" title="Auyokawa language">Auyokawa</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bade</a> <ul><li><i>Shirawa</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C6%8Auwai_language" title="Ɗuwai language">Ɗuwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngizim_language" title="Ngizim language">Ngizim</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teshenawa_language" title="Teshenawa language">Teshenawa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Bauchi_languages" title="North Bauchi languages">North Bauchi</a><br />(Warji) (B.2)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ajawa_language" title="Ajawa language">Ajawa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciwogai_language" title="Ciwogai language">Ciwogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diri_language" title="Diri language">Diri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kariya_language" title="Kariya language">Kariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mburku_language" title="Mburku language">Mburku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miya_language" title="Miya language">Miya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pa%CA%BCa_language" title="Paʼa language">Paʼa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siri_language" title="Siri language">Siri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warji_language" title="Warji language">Warji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumbun_language" title="Zumbun language">Zumbun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Bauchi_languages" title="South Bauchi languages">South Bauchi</a><br />(Barawa) (B.3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Zaar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dass_language" title="Dass language">Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geji_language" title="Geji language">Geji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polci_language" title="Polci language">Polci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saya_language" title="Saya language">Saya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zari_language" title="Zari language">Zari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeem_language" title="Zeem language">Zeem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guruntum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guruntum_language" title="Guruntum language">Guruntum-Mbaaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ju_language_(Chadic)" title="Ju language (Chadic)">Ju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tala_language" title="Tala language">Tala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zangwal_language" title="Zangwal language">Zangwal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Boghom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boghom_language" title="Boghom language">Boghom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_language_(Nigeria)" title="Jimi language (Nigeria)">Jimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimi_language_(Nigeria)" title="Jimi language (Nigeria)">Jum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kir-Balar_language" title="Kir-Balar language">Kir-Balar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantsi_language_(Nigeria)" title="Mantsi language (Nigeria)">Mangas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poki_language" title="Poki language">Poki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a>. See also: <a href="/wiki/Chadic_languages" title="Chadic languages">Chadic languages</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox506" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56239#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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