CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>List of established military terms - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"07fdb1f9-fa31-4116-a769-12e21210ab78","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"List_of_established_military_terms","wgTitle":"List of established military terms","wgCurRevisionId":1266847351,"wgRevisionId":1266847351,"wgArticleId":2752238,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","All articles with bare URLs for citations","Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022","Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles needing additional references from October 2023","All articles needing additional references", "Articles containing French-language text","Webarchive template wayback links","Military lists","Military terminology","Lists of government and military acronyms"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"List_of_established_military_terms","wgRelevantArticleId":2752238,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5963751","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site", "mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.15"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="List of established military terms - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-List_of_established_military_terms rootpage-List_of_established_military_terms skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+established+military+terms" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+established+military+terms" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=List+of+established+military+terms" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=List+of+established+military+terms" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_(all_arms)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_(all_arms)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Administrative (all arms)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administrative_(all_arms)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Administrative (all arms) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Administrative_(all_arms)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Intelligence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intelligence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Intelligence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intelligence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctrinal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Doctrinal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_land" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_land"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>On land</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-On_land-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle On land subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-On_land-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arms_and_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms_and_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Arms and services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms_and_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctrinal_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Doctrinal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordnance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordnance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ordnance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordnance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Edged" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edged"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Edged</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edged-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Projectile_munitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Projectile_munitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Projectile munitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Projectile_munitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Individual" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.1</span> <span>Individual</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artillery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artillery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2.2</span> <span>Artillery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artillery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explosives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explosives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.3</span> <span>Explosives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explosives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incendiary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incendiary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.4</span> <span>Incendiary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incendiary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Vehicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engineering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engineering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Engineering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engineering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geographic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geographic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Geographic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geographic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Naval</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Naval-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Naval subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Naval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arms_and_services_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms_and_services_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Arms and services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms_and_services_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctrinal_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Doctrinal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Operational</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordnance_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordnance_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Ordnance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordnance_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vessels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vessels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Vessels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vessels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engineering_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engineering_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Engineering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engineering_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Air-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Air subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arms_and_services_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms_and_services_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Arms and services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms_and_services_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Operational</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctrinal_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Doctrinal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tactics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tactics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Tactics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tactics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ordnance_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordnance_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Ordnance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordnance_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engineering_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engineering_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Engineering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engineering_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Space" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Space"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Space</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Space-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Space subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Space-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Arms_and_services_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arms_and_services_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Arms and services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arms_and_services_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctrinal_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Doctrinal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of established military terms</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%98%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="فهرست واژگان نظامی کاربردی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فهرست واژگان نظامی کاربردی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glosar_de_termeni_militari" title="Glosar de termeni militari – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Glosar de termeni militari" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="போரியல் கலைச்சொற்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போரியல் கலைச்சொற்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5963751#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:List_of_established_military_terms" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/List_of_established_military_terms"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_established_military_terms" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/List_of_established_military_terms" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&oldid=1266847351" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=List_of_established_military_terms&id=1266847351&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_established_military_terms"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FList_of_established_military_terms"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=List_of_established_military_terms&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5963751" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_established_military_terms" title="Special:EditPage/List of established military terms">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22List+of+established+military+terms%22">"List of established military terms"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22List+of+established+military+terms%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22List+of+established+military+terms%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22List+of+established+military+terms%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22List+of+established+military+terms%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22List+of+established+military+terms%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>This is a <b>list of established military terms</b> which have been in use for at least 50 years. Since technology and doctrine have changed over time, not all of them are in current use, or they may have been superseded by more modern terms. However, they are still in current use in articles about previous military periods. Some of them like <i>camouflet</i> have been adapted to describe modern versions of old techniques. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_(all_arms)"><span id="Administrative_.28all_arms.29"></span>Administrative (all arms)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Administrative (all arms)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Access_control" title="Access control">Access control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonment" title="Cantonment">Cantonment</a>: a temporary or semi-permanent military quarters; in <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_defence" title="Chief of defence">Chief of defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloak_and_dagger" title="Cloak and dagger">Cloak and Dagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_information_center" title="Combat information center">Combat information center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_(military_formation)" title="Command (military formation)">Command (military formation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_center" title="Command center">Command center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command and control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">Commander-in-chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_hierarchy" title="Command hierarchy">Command hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_diplomacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense diplomacy">Defense diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence minister">Defence minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directive_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Directive control">Directive control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_multiplication" title="Force multiplication">Force multiplication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_facility" class="mw-redirect" title="Military facility">Military facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_genius" class="mw-redirect" title="Military genius">Military genius</a> - <a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Clausewitz" title="Carl von Clausewitz"> Clausewitz</a>'s attempt to identify characteristics of successful military commanders<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Materiel" title="Materiel">Materiel</a> (also <i>matériel</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_supply_chain_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Military supply chain management">Military supply chain management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-factor_authentication" title="Multi-factor authentication">Multi-factor authentication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_football" title="Nuclear football">Nuclear football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operational_level_of_war" title="Operational level of war">Operational level of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permissive_action_link" title="Permissive action link">Permissive action link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plausible_deniability" title="Plausible deniability">Plausible deniability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_clearance" title="Security clearance">Security clearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situation_room" class="mw-redirect" title="Situation room">Situation room</a>: a room in a government headquarters etc where senior high-ranking military officials in authority find out the latest information about something serious that is happening, and proceed to make decisions about what to do.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_(military)" title="Staff (military)">Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staging_area" title="Staging area">Staging area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratocracy" title="Stratocracy">Stratocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_cabinet" title="War cabinet">War cabinet</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intelligence">Intelligence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Intelligence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">Signals intelligence</a> (SIGINT) and <a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence_in_modern_history" title="Signals intelligence in modern history">signals intelligence in modern history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic intelligence">Electronic intelligence</a> (ELINT) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-frequency_direction_finding" title="High-frequency direction finding">High-frequency direction finding</a> (nicknamed <i>huff-duff</i>) is the common name for a type of radio direction finding employed especially during the two world wars.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications intelligence">Communications intelligence</a> (COMINT)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_intelligence_(intelligence_collection)" class="mw-redirect" title="Human intelligence (intelligence collection)">Human intelligence</a> (HUMINT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagery_intelligence" title="Imagery intelligence">Imagery intelligence</a> (IMINT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measurement_and_signature_intelligence" title="Measurement and signature intelligence">Measurement and signature intelligence</a> (MASINT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_intelligence" title="Open-source intelligence">Open-source intelligence</a> (OSINT)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctrinal">Doctrinal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Doctrinal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad-hoc" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad-hoc">Ad-hoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_management_language" title="Battle management language">Battle management language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COGCON" title="COGCON">COGCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEFCON" title="DEFCON">DEFCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ersatz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ersatz">Ersatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_formation" title="Tactical formation">Tactical formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Codes" title="Gold Codes">Gold Codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LERTCON" title="LERTCON">LERTCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiservice_tactical_brevity_code" title="Multiservice tactical brevity code">Multiservice tactical brevity code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_codes" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainbow codes">Rainbow codes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_land">On land</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: On land"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demilitarized_zone" title="Demilitarized zone">Demilitarized zone</a> (DMZ): Area that is specifically established to be free from military presence or action. Often used to create a buffer between two conflicting states to prevent accidental border skirmishes and established by treaty or a third party peace keeper.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_man%27s_land" title="No man's land">No man's land</a>: land that is not occupied or, more specifically, land that is under dispute between countries or areas that will not occupy it because of fear or uncertainty, or for tactical or strategical considerations. No man's land was what the Allied Expeditionary Force under the command of General Pershing would refer to the land separating the fronts of the two opposing armies, as it was deadly to be there.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arms_and_services">Arms and services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Arms and services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a> includes any engine used for the discharge of large projectiles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">Artillery battery</a>: an organized group of artillery pieces (previously artillery park).</li> <li>Also see below <a href="#Artillery">Artillery</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctrinal_2">Doctrinal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Doctrinal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These terms are used for talking about how armed forces are used. Many of the terms below can be applied to combat in other environments although most often used in reference to land warfare. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambush" title="Ambush">Ambush</a>: carrying out a surprise attack on an enemy that passes by a concealed position.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrage_(artillery)" title="Barrage (artillery)">Artillery barrage</a>: a line or barrier of exploding artillery shells, created by continuous and co-ordinated fire of a large number of guns.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battalia_(formation)" title="Battalia (formation)">Battalia</a>: an army or a subcomponent of an army such as a battalion in <a href="/wiki/Battle_array" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle array">battle array</a> (common military parlance in the 17th century).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">Blockade</a>: a ring of naval vessels surrounding a specific port or even an entire nation. The goal is to halt the movement of goods which could help the blockaded nation's war effort.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booby_trap" title="Booby trap">Booby trap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Breach_(military)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Breach (military) (page does not exist)">Breach</a>: a gap in fortified or battle lines.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakout_(military)" title="Breakout (military)">Breakout</a>: exploiting a breach in enemy lines so that a large force (division or above) passes through.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgehead" title="Bridgehead">Bridgehead</a> and its varieties known as <a href="/wiki/Beachhead" title="Beachhead">beachheads</a> and <a href="/wiki/Airhead_(warfare)" class="mw-redirect" title="Airhead (warfare)">airheads</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camouflet" title="Camouflet">Camouflet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalk_(military)" title="Chalk (military)">Chalk</a>: a group of paratroopers or other soldiers that deploy from a single aircraft. A chalk often corresponds to a platoon-sized unit for air assault operations, or a company-minus-sized organization for airborne operations. For air transport operations, it can consist of up to a company-plus-sized unit. Frequently, a load of paratroopers in one aircraft, prepared for a drop, is also referred to as a stick.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charge_(warfare)" title="Charge (warfare)">Charge</a>: a large force heads directly to an enemy to engage in close quarters combat, with the hope of breaking the enemy line.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chequered_retreat" title="Chequered retreat">Chequered retreat</a>, (<i>retraite en échiquier</i>, Fr.) a line or battalion, alternately retreating and facing about in the presence of an enemy, exhibiting a deployment like chequered squares</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Column_(formation)" title="Column (formation)">Column</a>: a formation of soldiers marching in files in which the files is significantly longer than the width of ranks in the formation.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command and control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterattack" title="Counterattack">Counterattack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-battery_fire" title="Counter-battery fire">Counter-battery fire</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coup_de_gr%C3%A2ce" title="Coup de grâce">Coup de grâce</a></i>: a death blow intended to end the suffering of a wounded soldier; also applied to severely damaged ships (called <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttling</a> when applied to friendly ships).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coup_de_main" title="Coup de main">Coup de main</a></i>: a swift pre-emptive strike.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Debellatio" title="Debellatio">Debellatio</a></i>: to end a war by complete destruction of a hostile state. More severe than sacking.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decisive_victory" title="Decisive victory">Decisive victory</a>: an overwhelming victory for one side, often shifting the course of conflict.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defilade" class="mw-redirect" title="Defilade">Defilade</a>: a unit or position is "defiladed" if it is protected from direct exposure to enemy fire; see also <a href="/wiki/Hull-down" class="mw-redirect" title="Hull-down">Hull-down</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DUSTOFF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DUSTOFF (page does not exist)">DUSTOFF</a>: a now traditional call sign for US Army Air Ambulance helicopter operations engaging in <a href="/wiki/MEDEVAC" class="mw-redirect" title="MEDEVAC">MEDEVAC</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echelon_formation" title="Echelon formation">Echelon formation</a>: a military formation in which members are arranged diagonally.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encirclement" title="Encirclement">Encirclement</a>: surrounding enemy forces on all sides, isolating them.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfilade" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfilade">Enfilade</a>: a unit (or position) is "enfiladed" when enemy fire can be directed along the long axis of the unit. For instance, a trench is enfiladed if the enemy can fire down the length of the trench. May also refer to placing a unit in a position to enfilade, or the position so enfiladed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_envelopment" class="mw-redirect" title="Double envelopment">Envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraction_(military)" title="Extraction (military)">Extraction point</a>: the location designated for reassembly of forces and their subsequent transportation out of the battle zone.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabian_strategy" title="Fabian strategy">Fabian strategy</a>: avoiding <a href="/wiki/Pitched_battle" title="Pitched battle">pitched battles</a> in order to wear down the enemy in a <a href="/wiki/Attrition_warfare" title="Attrition warfare">war of attrition</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_withdrawal" class="mw-redirect" title="Fighting withdrawal">Fighting withdrawal</a>: pulling back military forces while maintaining contact with the enemy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_(formation)" title="File (formation)">File</a>: a single column of soldiers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_in_the_hole" title="Fire in the hole">Fire in the hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flanking_maneuver" title="Flanking maneuver">Flanking maneuver</a>: to attack an enemy or an enemy unit from the side, or to maneuver to do so.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forlorn_hope" title="Forlorn hope">Forlorn hope</a>: a band of soldiers or other combatants chosen to take the leading part in a military operation, such as an assault on a defended position, where the risk of casualties is high.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontal_assault" title="Frontal assault">Frontal assault</a> or <a href="/wiki/Frontal_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Frontal attack">frontal attack</a>: an attack toward the front of an enemy force.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">Garrison</a>: a body of troops holding a particular location on a long-term basis.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_zero" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground zero">Ground zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_tactics" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla tactics">Guerrilla tactics</a>: attacking the enemy and the subsequent breaking off of contact and retreating; also referred to as "hit-and-run tactics".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hit-and-run_tactics" title="Hit-and-run tactics">Hit-and-run</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hors_de_combat" title="Hors de combat">Hors de combat</a></i>: a unit out of the fight, surrendered, wounded (when incapacitated), and so on.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry_square" title="Infantry square">Infantry square</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pike_square" title="Pike square">pike square</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Schiltron" title="Schiltron">schiltron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infiltration_tactics" title="Infiltration tactics">Infiltration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intent_(military)" title="Intent (military)">Intent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdiction" title="Interdiction">Interdiction</a>: to attack and disrupt enemy supply lines.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Killing field">Killing field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodgement" title="Lodgement">Lodgement</a>: an enclave made by increasing the size of a bridgehead.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission-type_tactics" title="Mission-type tactics">Mission-type tactics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MEDEVAC" class="mw-redirect" title="MEDEVAC">MEDEVAC</a>: the tactical medical evacuation of wounded from the field of battle by air, bringing them to a higher level of medical care and treatment, e.g. from a forward field location or a forward aid station to a combat support hospital, forward surgical team or other treatment facility able to provide significant stabilizing care or definitive treatment to the injured.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melee" title="Melee">Melee</a> or <i>Mêlée</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess" title="Mess">Mess</a>: A place where troops gather for their meals</li> <li>Mikes: <a href="/wiki/Minute" title="Minute">Minutes</a>. When used in normal vernacular speaker will say will be ready in X-Mikes where X represents number of minutes.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobile_column&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobile column (page does not exist)">Mobile columns</a>, or movable columns (French: <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">colomnes mobiles</i></span> or <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">troupes en activité</i></span>) — in contrast to stationary troops <i>troupes sédentaire</i>. This may be used as a bureaucratic description to describe the function for which troops are raised for example the regiments of the <a href="/wiki/Highland_Fencible_Corps" title="Highland Fencible Corps">Highland Fencible Corps</a> were raised for garrison duties while Scottish line regiments in the British Army were raised to fight anywhere;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or it may be an operational description.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_quarter" title="No quarter">No quarter given</a>: all enemy troops are to be killed, even those who surrender. Also referred to as "take no prisoners".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overwatch_(military_tactic)" title="Overwatch (military tactic)">Overwatch</a>: tactical technique in which one unit is positioned in a <a href="/wiki/Overlook" class="mw-redirect" title="Overlook">vantage</a> position to provide <a href="/wiki/All_round_defence" title="All round defence">perimeter</a> surveillance and immediate <a href="/wiki/Fire_support" title="Fire support">fire support</a> for another friendly unit.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrolling" title="Patrolling">Patrolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_shot" title="Parthian shot">Parthian shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalanx_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalanx formation">Phalanx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picket_(military)" title="Picket (military)">Pickets</a> (or <i>picquet</i>s): sentries or advance troops specifically tasked with early warning of contact with the enemy. A soldier who has this job is on "picket duty", and may also be referred to as a "lookout." (see also <a href="/wiki/Vedette_(sentry)" title="Vedette (sentry)">Vedette</a>, a mounted sentry or outpost)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pincer_maneuver" class="mw-redirect" title="Pincer maneuver">Pincer maneuver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitched_battle" title="Pitched battle">Pitched battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salients,_re-entrants_and_pockets" class="mw-redirect" title="Salients, re-entrants and pockets">Pocket</a>: see "salient".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhic_victory" title="Pyrrhic victory">Pyrrhic victory</a>: a victory paid for so dearly that it potentially could lead to a later defeat ("a battle won, a war lost").</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_(military)" title="Raid (military)">Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rank_(formation)" title="Rank (formation)">Rank</a>: a single line of soldiers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a></li> <li>Reconnoitre: to go to an area (reconnoitering) to find out information of the exact location of an enemy force.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retreat_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Retreat (military)">Retreat</a>: withdrawal of troops from a battlefield (can be either orderly or unorderly; fighting or by rout).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rout" title="Rout">Rout</a>: disorderly withdrawal of troops from a battlefield following a defeat, either real or perceived.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looting" title="Looting">Sack</a>: the destruction and looting of a city, usually after an assault.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Safeguard"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Safe-guard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safe-guard (page does not exist)">Safe-guard</a>: individual soldiers or detachments placed to prevent resources (often farms full of crops and livestock) from being looted or plundered</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salients,_re-entrants_and_pockets" class="mw-redirect" title="Salients, re-entrants and pockets">Salients</a>: a pocket or "bulge" in a fortified or battle line. The enemy's line facing a salient is referred to as a "re-entrant".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">Scorched earth</a>: the deliberate destruction of resources in order to deny their use to the enemy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuttlebutt" title="Scuttlebutt">Scuttlebutt</a>: For gossip or water fountain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">Scuttling</a>: the deliberate destruction of a ship to prevent its capture and use by an enemy. Commonly used as a <i><a href="/wiki/Coup_de_gr%C3%A2ce" title="Coup de grâce">coup de grâce</a></i>, but has also been a protest (as after the <a href="/wiki/High_Seas_Fleet" title="High Seas Fleet">First World War</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_wall" title="Shield wall">Shield wall</a>: the massed use of interconnected shields to form a wall in battle.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_wall_(fortification)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shield wall (fortification)">Shield wall (fortification)</a>: the highest and thickest wall of a castle protecting the main assault approach.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_and_scoot" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoot and scoot">Shoot and scoot</a>: a type of fire-and-movement tactic used by artillery to avoid counter-battery fire.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">Siege</a>: a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by force or attrition, often accompanied by an assault in the later phase. <ul><li>Siege <i>en régle</i>: A siege where a city or fortress is invested but no bombardment or assault takes place. Instead, the besieger attempts to persuade the defenders to surrender through negotiation, inducement, or through privations such as starvation. This may be done because the fortress is too strong for the attackers to capture through bombardment and assault, or because if the fortification when captured is undamaged it immediately becomes a functional strong point for the former besiegers.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumvallation" class="mw-redirect" title="Circumvallation">Circumvallation</a>: a line of fortifications built by the attackers around the besieged fortification facing towards it.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contravallation" class="mw-redirect" title="Contravallation">Contravallation</a>: a second line of fortifications behind the circumvallation facing away from the enemy fort to protect the besiegers from attacks by allies of the besieged.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalade" title="Escalade">Escalade</a>: the act of scaling defensive walls or ramparts with the aid of ladders, a prominent feature of siege warfare in medieval times.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chevaux_de_frise" class="mw-redirect" title="Chevaux de frise">Chevaux de frise</a></i>: sword blades chained together to incapacitate people trying to charge into a breach in the walls.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investment_(military)" title="Investment (military)">Investment</a>: surrounding an enemy fort (or town) with armed forces to prevent entry or escape.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining (military)">Military mining</a>, undermining of defence positions either fortifications or enemy front line trenches (see also <a href="/wiki/Camouflet" title="Camouflet">camouflet</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_(geometry)" title="Parallel (geometry)">Parallel</a> <a href="/wiki/Trenches" class="mw-redirect" title="Trenches">trenches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapping" title="Sapping">Sapping</a>: digging approach trench towards enemy fortifications within range of the besieged guns.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege engines">Siege engines</a>: specialised weapons used to overcome fortifications of a besieged fort or town; in modern times, the task has fallen to large artillery pieces.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_train" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege train">Siege train</a>: specialised siege artillery moved in a column by road or by rail.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_tower" title="Siege tower">Siege tower</a>: a wooden tower on wheels constructed to protect assailants and ladders while approaching the defensive walls of a fortification.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortie" title="Sortie">Sortie</a> (also "to sally (forth)"): a sudden attack against a besieging enemy from within a besieged fort or town.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_at_discretion" class="mw-redirect" title="Surrender at discretion">Surrender at discretion</a>: <a href="/wiki/Unconditional_surrender" title="Unconditional surrender">unconditional surrender</a> instead of surrendering with terms.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirmish" class="mw-redirect" title="Skirmish">Skirmish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Switch_position&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Switch position (page does not exist)">Switch position</a>: A defensive position oblique to, and connecting, successive defensive positions paralleling the front.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_run" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunder run">thunder run</a>: quick surprise penetration attack deep into enemy territory, designed to confuse and potentially break enemy lines and take a city.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedette_(sentry)" title="Vedette (sentry)">Vedette</a>, a mounted sentry or outpost, who has the function of bringing information, giving signals or warnings of danger, etc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_(military)" title="Withdrawal (military)">Withdrawal (military)</a>: retreat (i.e., pulling back) of troops from a battlefield (can be either orderly or unorderly; fighting or by rout)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ordnance">Ordnance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ordnance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These terms concern identification of means of combat to inflict damage on the opponent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Edged">Edged</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Edged"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Weapons that inflict damage through cutting or stabbing. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">Bayonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_(weapon)" title="Bill (weapon)">Bill (weapon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_axe" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish axe">Danish axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halberd" title="Halberd">Halberd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_to_hand_combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Hand to hand combat">Hands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Knife</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dagger" title="Dagger">Dagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lance" title="Lance">Lance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polearm" title="Polearm">Polearm</a> or <a href="/wiki/Poleaxe" title="Poleaxe">poleaxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_(weapon)" title="Pike (weapon)">Pike (weapon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_(weapon)" title="Partisan (weapon)">Partisan (weapon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabre" title="Sabre">Sabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">Spear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword" title="Sword">Sword</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Projectile_munitions">Projectile munitions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Projectile munitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Munitions are weapons and ordnance that inflict damage through impact. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Individual">Individual</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Individual"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bow_(weapon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bow (weapon)">Bow (weapon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossbow" title="Crossbow">Crossbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sling_(weapon)" title="Sling (weapon)">Sling (weapon)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slingshot" title="Slingshot">slingshot</a> (hand catapult)</li></ul> <p>Firearms </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbine" title="Carbine">Carbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">Machine gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">Musket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">Pistol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolver" title="Revolver">Revolver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle" title="Rifle">Rifle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">Shotgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine gun</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Artillery">Artillery</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Artillery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crew-served, non-vehicle mounted weapons </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballista" title="Ballista">Ballista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catapult" title="Catapult">Catapult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangonel" title="Mangonel">Mangonel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onager_(siege_weapon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Onager (siege weapon)">Onager (siege weapon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebuchet" title="Trebuchet">Trebuchet</a></li></ul> <p>Guns </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombard_(weapon)" title="Bombard (weapon)">Bombard (weapon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">Cannon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autocannon" title="Autocannon">Autocannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilisk_(cannon)" title="Basilisk (cannon)">Basilisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombard_(weapon)" title="Bombard (weapon)">Bombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carronade" title="Carronade">Carronade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culverin" title="Culverin">Culverin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demi-cannon" title="Demi-cannon">Demi-cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demi-culverin" title="Demi-culverin">Demi-culverin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falconet_(cannon)" title="Falconet (cannon)">Falconet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_cannon" title="Hand cannon">Hand cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minion_(cannon)" title="Minion (cannon)">Minion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saker_(cannon)" title="Saker (cannon)">Saker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun" title="Gun">Gun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Field_gun" title="Field gun">Field gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_artillery" title="Naval artillery">Naval artillery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howitzer" title="Howitzer">Howitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">Mortar (weapon)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Explosives">Explosives</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Explosives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Explosive ordnance causes damage through release of chemical energy. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shell_(weapon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shell (weapon)">Artillery shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangalore_torpedo" title="Bangalore torpedo">Bangalore torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camouflet" title="Camouflet">Camouflet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenade" title="Grenade">Grenade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hand_grenade" class="mw-redirect" title="Hand grenade">Hand grenade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifle_grenade" title="Rifle grenade">Rifle grenade</a> (see also <a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">Grenade launcher</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_propelled_grenade" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket propelled grenade">Rocket propelled grenade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">Land mine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_mine" title="Anti-tank mine">Anti-tank mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-personnel_mine" title="Anti-personnel mine">Anti-personnel mine</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Incendiary">Incendiary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Incendiary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Incendiary ordnance causes damage through release of heat. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flamethrower" title="Flamethrower">Flamethrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_fire" title="Greek fire">Greek fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napalm" title="Napalm">Napalm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_phosphorus" title="White phosphorus">White phosphorus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vehicles">Vehicles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_car_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armoured car (military)">Armoured car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariot" title="Chariot">Chariot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half-track" title="Half-track">Half-track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">Armoured personnel carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_destroyer" title="Tank destroyer">Tank destroyer</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engineering">Engineering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Engineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See also <a href="/wiki/List_of_fortifications" title="List of fortifications">List of fortifications</a></i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abatis" title="Abatis">Abatis</a>: a defensive obstacle consisting of an obstacle formed (in the modern era) of the branches of trees laid in a row.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banquette" title="Banquette">Banquette</a>, or fire step</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbed_wire" title="Barbed wire">Barbed wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartizan" title="Bartizan">Bartizan</a>: a cylindrical turret or sentry post projecting beyond the parapet of a fort or castle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastion" title="Bastion">Bastion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastion_fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastion fortress">Bastion fortress</a>: a star-shaped fortress surrounding a town or city (also known as <i>star fort</i> or <i>Trace italienne</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artillery_battery" title="Artillery battery">Battery</a>: an artillery position, which may be fortified.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berm" title="Berm">Berm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blast_wall" title="Blast wall">Blast wall</a>: a barrier for protection from <a href="/wiki/High_explosive" class="mw-redirect" title="High explosive">high explosive</a> blast.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockhouse" title="Blockhouse">Blockhouse</a>: a) Medieval and Renaissance - a small artillery tower, b) 18th and 19th centuries - a small colonial wooden fort, c) 20th century - a large concrete defensive structure.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breastwork_(fortification)" title="Breastwork (fortification)">Breastwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastion" title="Bastion">Bulwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunker" title="Bunker">Bunker</a>: a heavily fortified, mainly underground, facility used as a defensive position; also commonly used as command centres for high-level officers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caponier" title="Caponier">Caponier</a>: a defensive firing position either projecting into, or traversing the ditch of a fort.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnot_wall" title="Carnot wall">Carnot wall</a>: a wall pierced with loopholes, sited above the scarp of a ditch but below the rampart.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casemate" title="Casemate">Casemate</a>: a vaulted chamber for protected storage, accommodation or if provided with an embrasure, for artillery</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle" title="Castle">Castle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_fortification" title="Medieval fortification">Medieval fortification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrow_slit" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrow slit">Arrow slit</a> (arrow loop, loophole)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbican" title="Barbican">Barbican</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chemin_de_ronde" title="Chemin de ronde">Chemin de ronde</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concentric_castle" title="Concentric castle">Concentric castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">Drawbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatehouse" title="Gatehouse">Gatehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keep" title="Keep">Keep</a> or donjon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">Moat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machicolation" title="Machicolation">Machicolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder-hole" class="mw-redirect" title="Murder-hole">Murder-hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portcullis" title="Portcullis">Portcullis</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadel" title="Citadel">Citadel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterscarp" title="Counterscarp">Counterscarp</a>: the opposing side of a ditch in front of a fortification, i.e., the side facing it.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterscarp#Counterscarp_gallery" title="Counterscarp">Counterscarp gallery</a>: a firing position built into the counterscarp wall of the ditch.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter mine">Counter mine</a>: anti-siege tunnel dug by a fortification's defenders below an attacker's <a href="/wiki/Mining_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining (military)">mine</a> with the intent of destroying it before the attackers are able to damage (the foundations of) the fortification's walls.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupure" title="Coupure">Coupure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covertway" title="Covertway">Covertway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_fighting_position" title="Defensive fighting position">Defensive fighting position</a>; for example, a <a href="/wiki/Rifle_pit" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifle pit">rifle pit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sangar_(fortification)" title="Sangar (fortification)">sangar</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fox_hole" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox hole">fox hole</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravelin" title="Ravelin">Demi-lune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditch_(fortification)" title="Ditch (fortification)">Ditch</a>: a dry moat.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_teeth_(fortification)" title="Dragon's teeth (fortification)">Dragon's teeth</a>: Triangular obstacles acting as roadblocks for armoured vehicles.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Water_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Water Line">Dutch Water Line</a>: a series of water-based defensive measures designed to flood large areas in case of attack.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earthworks_(engineering)" title="Earthworks (engineering)">Earthworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embrasure" title="Embrasure">Embrasure</a>: an opening in a parapet or casemate, for a gun to fire through.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascine" title="Fascine">Fascine</a> is a bundle of sticks or similar, were used in military defences for revetting (shoring up) trenches or ramparts, especially around artillery batteries, or filling in ditches and trenches during an attack.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A8che_(fortification)" title="Flèche (fortification)">Flèche</a>: an arrow shaped <a href="/wiki/Outwork" title="Outwork">outwork</a>, smaller than a <a href="/wiki/Ravelin" title="Ravelin">ravelin</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Lunette" title="Lunette">lunette</a>, with 2 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Face_(fortification)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Face (fortification) (page does not exist)">faces</a> with a parapet and an open <a href="/wiki/Gorge_(fortification)" title="Gorge (fortification)">gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort">Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortification" title="Fortification">Fortification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortress">Fortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabion" title="Gabion">Gabion</a>: a large basket filled with earth, used to form a temporary parapet for artillery</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacis" title="Glacis">Glacis</a>: a bank of earth sloping away from the fort, to protect it from direct artillery fire</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorge_(fortification)" title="Gorge (fortification)">Gorge</a>: opening at the rear of an outwork for access by defending troops from the main defensive position</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Hill fort">Hill fort</a> (New Zealand: <a href="/wiki/Pa_(M%C4%81ori)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pa (Māori)">Pa (Māori)</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunette_(fortification)" title="Lunette (fortification)">Lunette</a>: an outwork consisting of a salient angle with two flanks and an open gorge.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magazine_(artillery)" title="Magazine (artillery)">Magazine</a>: a protected place within a fort, where ammunition is stored and prepared for use.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mining (military)">Mining</a>: a siege method used since antiquity against a walled city, fortress or castle, where tunnels are dug to undermine the foundations of the walls; also see counter-mine.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outwork" title="Outwork">Outwork</a>: a minor defence, built or established outside the principal fortification limits, detached or semidetached.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapet" title="Parapet">Parapet</a>: a wall at the edge of the rampart to protect the defenders.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillbox_(military)" title="Pillbox (military)">Pillbox</a>: a small concrete guard post.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygonal_fort" title="Polygonal fort">Polygonal fort</a>: a later type of fort without bastions.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defensive_wall" title="Defensive wall">Rampart</a>: The main defensive wall of a fortification.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravelin" title="Ravelin">Ravelin</a>: a triangular fortification in front of bastion as a detached outwork.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redan" title="Redan">Redan</a>: a V-shaped salient angle toward an expected attack, made from earthworks or other material.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redoubt" title="Redoubt">Redoubt</a>: a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, which can be constructed of earthworks, stone or brick.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reduit" title="Reduit">Reduit</a>: an enclosed defensive emplacement inside a larger fort; provides protection during a persistent attack.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangar_(fortification)" title="Sangar (fortification)">Sangar</a>: a small temporary fortified position with a breastwork originally of stone, but built of sandbags and similar materials in modern times.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_port" title="Sally port">Sally port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapping" title="Sapping">Sapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarp_(fortification)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scarp (fortification)">Scarp</a>: the side of a ditch in front of a fortification facing away from it.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sconce_(fortification)" title="Sconce (fortification)">Sconce</a>: a small protective fortification, such as an earthwork, often placed on a mound as a defensive work for artillery.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_defence_and_fortification#Sea_fort" title="Coastal defence and fortification">Sea fort</a>: a coastal fort entirely surrounded by the sea, either built on a rock or directly onto the sea bed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slighting" title="Slighting">Slighting</a>: the deliberate destruction of an (abandoned) fortification without opposition from its (former) occupants and/or defenders.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortie" title="Sortie">Sortie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Star fort">Star fort</a>: a star-shaped fortress surrounding a town or city (also known as <i>Bastion fortress</i> or <i>Trace italienne</i>).</li> <li>Team room: <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenaille" title="Tenaille">Tenaille</a> (archaic Tenalia): an advanced pincer-shaped defensive work in front of the main defences of a fortress.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terreplein" title="Terreplein">Terreplein</a>: the fighting platform on top of a rampart, behind the parapet.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAte-de-pont" class="mw-redirect" title="Tête-de-pont">Tête-de-pont</a></i>: a temporary defensive work defending a bridge at the end closest to the enemy.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trace_italienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Trace italienne">Trace italienne</a></i>: a star-shaped fortress surrounding a town or city (also known as <i>Bastion fortress</i> or <i>star fort</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">Trench</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geographic">Geographic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Geographic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defile_(geography)" title="Defile (geography)">Defile</a>: a geographic term for a narrow pass or gorge between mountains. It has its origins as a military description of a pass through which troops can march only in a narrow column or with a narrow front.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debouch" title="Debouch">Debouch</a>: <ul><li>To emerge from a defile or similar into open country;</li> <li>A fortification at the end of a defile;</li> <li>Water that flows out of a defile into a wider place such as a lake.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choke_point" title="Choke point">Choke point</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naval">Naval</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Naval"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arms_and_services_2">Arms and services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Arms and services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These terms concern combat arms and supporting services of armed forces used in naval warfare. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strike_package" title="Strike package">Strike package</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctrinal_3">Doctrinal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Doctrinal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These terms concern the type of use of naval armed forces. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">Blockade</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coup_de_gr%C3%A2ce" title="Coup de grâce">Coup de grâce</a></i>: a final shot intended to finish off a sinking (enemy) ship (which should be distinguished from <a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">scuttling</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossing_the_Tee" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossing the Tee">Crossing the Tee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conn_(nautical)" title="Conn (nautical)">Conn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard" title="Vanguard">Vanguard</a>—the leading part of an advancing military formation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_astern" class="mw-redirect" title="Line astern">Line astern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Line_ahead" class="mw-redirect" title="Line ahead">line ahead</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Line_of_battle" title="Line of battle">line of battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-beach_capability" title="Over-the-beach capability">Over-the-beach capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raking_fire" title="Raking fire">Raking fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuttling" title="Scuttling">Scuttling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_gage" title="Weather gage">Weather gage</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operational">Operational</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Operational"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Adrift: Loose and out of control. Typically applied to a ship or vessel that has lost power and is unable to control its movement.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Aft: Any part of the ship closer to the stern than you currently are.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>All Hands: The entire ship's crew to include all officers and enlisted.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aye_aye,_sir" class="mw-redirect" title="Aye aye, sir">Aye, Aye</a>: Response acknowledging and understanding a command.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bow (ship)">Bow</a>: Front of the ship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Below: Any deck beneath the one you are currently on.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Burner, Burner Go: Afterburner on full power</li> <li>Carry on: An order given to continue work or duties.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cast off: To throw off, to let go, to unfurl.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colours,_standards_and_guidons" class="mw-redirect" title="Colours, standards and guidons">Colours</a>: Raising and lowering of the National Ensign, the National flag, and organization flags.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathom" title="Fathom">Fathom</a>: Unit of measurement generally used for depth from sea level to sea floor.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_quarters" title="General quarters">General Quarters</a>: Battle stations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Generally set when the ship is about to engage in battle or hostile activities.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helocasting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helocasting (page does not exist)">Helocasting</a>:</li> <li>Jettison: To throw or dispose of something over the side of the ship.</li> <li>Ladder: Also known as a ladder well. Much like civilian stairs, however much steeper.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leave_(U.S._military)" title="Leave (U.S. military)">Leave</a>: Vacation time nearly completely free unless an emergency recall occurs.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shore_leave" title="Shore leave">Shore leave</a> or Liberty (US): Permission to leave the ship/base to enjoy non-work activities.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Maritime Insertion:</li> <li>Mid-watch: Tends to be the midnight to 0400 watch. Also known as "balls to four" due to military time equivalent 0000-0400.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="needle_alive"></span>Needle alive: Airspeed indicator showing increasing speed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_and_starboard" title="Port and starboard">Port Side</a>: Left hand side of the ship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Quarters: Generally the morning assembly of all hands for muster and accountability.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_and_starboard" title="Port and starboard">Starboard</a>: Right hand side of the ship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready_5" title="Ready 5">Ready 5</a>/Alert 5: Aircraft on standby on flight deck ready to be launched in 5 minutes or less.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready_room" title="Ready room">Ready room</a>: Room on an aircraft carrier where aircrew conduct much of their pre-flight and post-flight briefs.</li> <li>Round Down: The stern of the Carrier where the Flight Deck Started.</li> <li>Smoke in the air: Used by Naval Aviators/Aircrew for locked-on incoming missiles at visual range.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_skimming" title="Sea skimming">Sea skimming</a>: Low level flight procedure for missiles/fighter aircraft to avoid radar detection.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stern" title="Stern">Stern</a>: Rear of the ship.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taps_(bugle_call)" title="Taps (bugle call)">Taps</a>: Lights out, time to sleep.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Turn to: Start working.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Working Aloft: Working above the highest deck, generally performing maintenance on the ship's mast or antennas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ordnance_2">Ordnance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Ordnance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naval_artillery" title="Naval artillery">Naval artillery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_mine" title="Naval mine">Sea mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powerhead_(firearm)" title="Powerhead (firearm)">Powerhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speargun" title="Speargun">Speargun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercavitating_ammunition" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercavitating ammunition">Supercavitating ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercavitating_torpedo" title="Supercavitating torpedo">Supercavitating torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_turret" title="Gun turret">Turret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_firearm" title="Underwater firearm">Underwater firearm</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vessels">Vessels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Vessels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helicopter_carrier" title="Helicopter carrier">Helicopter carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escort_carrier" title="Escort carrier">Escort carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_carrier" title="Fleet carrier">Fleet carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">Light carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_catapult_ship" title="Fighter catapult ship">Fighter catapult ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAM_Ship" class="mw-redirect" title="CAM Ship">Catapult aircraft merchant ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">Merchant aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_maintenance_carriers_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="Aircraft maintenance carriers of the Royal Navy">Aircraft maintenance carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdiction_Assault_Ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Interdiction Assault Ship">Interdiction assault ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">Flagship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-ship" title="Q-ship">Special service ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troopship" title="Troopship">Troopship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship%27s_tender" title="Ship's tender">Ship's tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_transport" title="Attack transport">Attack transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecarrier" title="Battlecarrier">Battlecarrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">Battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought" title="Dreadnought">Dreadnought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_battleship" class="mw-redirect" title="Pocket battleship">Pocket battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaplane_tender" title="Seaplane tender">Seaplane tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">Sloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecruiser" title="Battlecruiser">Battlecruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser" title="Cruiser">Cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_cruiser" title="Heavy cruiser">Heavy cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_cruiser" title="Armored cruiser">Armored cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_cruiser" title="Light cruiser">Light cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_cruiser" title="Scout cruiser">Scout cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_cruiser" title="Strike cruiser">Strike cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_escort" title="Destroyer escort">Destroyer escort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flotilla_leader" title="Flotilla leader">Destroyer flotilla leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_tender" title="Destroyer tender">Destroyer depot ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">Corvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerodynamically_alleviated_marine_vehicle" title="Aerodynamically alleviated marine vehicle">Aerodynamically alleviated marine vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground-effect_vehicle" title="Ground-effect vehicle">Ground-effect vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Craft_Air_Cushion" title="Landing Craft Air Cushion">Landing Craft Air Cushion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft_carrier" title="Landing craft carrier">Landing craft depot ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_merchantman" title="Armed merchantman">Merchant cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stealth_ship" title="Stealth ship">Stealth ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_effect_ship" title="Surface effect ship">Surface effect ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_tender" title="Submarine tender">Submarine tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midget_submarine" title="Midget submarine">Midget submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_submarine" title="Cruiser submarine">Cruiser submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_submarine" title="Attack submarine">Hunter-killer submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">Ballistic missile submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise missile submarine">Guided missile submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_chaser" title="Submarine chaser">Submarine chaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_aircraft_carrier" title="Submarine aircraft carrier">Submarine aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_boat" title="Torpedo boat">Torpedo boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_command_ship" title="Amphibious command ship">Amphibious command ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship" title="Amphibious assault ship">Amphibious assault ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_transport_dock" title="Amphibious transport dock">Amphibious transport dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock_landing_ship" title="Dock landing ship">Dock landing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expeditionary_transfer_dock" class="mw-redirect" title="Expeditionary transfer dock">Expeditionary transfer dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littoral_combat_ship" title="Littoral combat ship">Littoral combat ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_defence_ship" title="Coastal defence ship">Coastal defence ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barracks_ship" title="Barracks ship">Barracks ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexeflote" title="Mexeflote">Mexeflote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhino_ferry" title="Rhino ferry">Rhino ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">Patrol boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_vessel" title="Research vessel">Research vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survey_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Survey ship">Survey ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_dock" title="Dry dock">Dry dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_trials_craft" title="Torpedo trials craft">Torpedo trials craft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_ship" title="Guard ship">Guard ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_layer" title="Cable layer">Cable layer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_repair_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Cable repair ship">Cable repair ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_ship" title="Cargo ship">Cargo ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda-class_attack_cargo_ship" title="Andromeda-class attack cargo ship">Attack cargo ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_cargo_ship" title="Vehicle cargo ship">Vehicle cargo ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulk_carrier" title="Bulk carrier">Dry cargo ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replenishment_oiler" title="Replenishment oiler">Replenishment oiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_tanker" title="Oil tanker">Oil tanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_sealift_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic sealift ship">Maritime prepositioning ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_supply_vessel" title="Platform supply vessel">Offshore supply ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Container_ship" title="Container ship">Container ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">Hospital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_combat_support_ship" title="Fast combat support ship">Fast combat support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expeditionary_fast_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Expeditionary fast transport">Expeditionary fast transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvage_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvage ship">Salvage ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracking_ship" title="Tracking ship">Instrumentation ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugboat" title="Tugboat">Fleet ocean tug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CB90-class_fast_assault_craft" title="CB90-class fast assault craft">Riverine command ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_V_Special_Operations_Craft" title="Mark V Special Operations Craft">Special operations insertion ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_transport" title="High-speed transport">High-speed transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend-class_cutter" title="Legend-class cutter">Maritime security cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium_endurance_cutter" title="Medium endurance cutter">Medium endurance cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_endurance_cutter" title="High endurance cutter">High endurance cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel-class_cutter" title="Sentinel-class cutter">Fast response cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Protector-class_patrol_boat" title="Marine Protector-class patrol boat">Marine protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare_ship" title="Amphibious warfare ship">Landing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_ship,_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing ship, tank">Tank landing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icebreaker" title="Icebreaker">Icebreaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar-class_icebreaker" title="Polar-class icebreaker">Heavy icebreaker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USCG_Inland_construction_tender&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USCG Inland construction tender (page does not exist)">Inland construction tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USCG_seagoing_buoy_tender" title="USCG seagoing buoy tender">Seagoing buoy tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeper-class_cutter" title="Keeper-class cutter">Coastal buoy tender</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_frank_s._besson-class_logistic_support_vessel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General frank s. besson-class logistic support vessel (page does not exist)">Logistic support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_ship" title="Arsenal ship">Arsenal ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_battery" title="Floating battery">Floating battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_ship" title="Training ship">Training ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minelayer" title="Minelayer">Minelayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Mine countermeasures vessel">Mine countermeasures vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minesweeper" title="Minesweeper">Minesweeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">Gunboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_gunboat" title="River gunboat">Riverine gunboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock_landing_ship" title="Dock landing ship">Dock landing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monitor_(warship)" title="Monitor (warship)">Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breastwork_monitor" title="Breastwork monitor">Breastwork monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_monitor" title="River monitor">Riverine monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_research_ship" title="Technical research ship">Technical research ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_defense_test_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Self defense test ship">Self defense test ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea-based_X-band_radar" title="Sea-based X-band radar">Self-propelled radar station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Fighter" title="Sea Fighter">Fast sea frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_vessel" title="Crane vessel">Crane ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Wright_(T-AVB-3)" class="mw-redirect" title="SS Wright (T-AVB-3)">Aviation logistics support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moored_training_ship" title="Moored training ship">Moored training ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_trawler" title="Naval trawler">Naval trawler</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engineering_2">Engineering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Engineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_cavity_system" title="Air cavity system">Air cavity system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrohydrodynamics" title="Electrohydrodynamics">Electrohydrodynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_drive_propulsion" title="Internal drive propulsion">Internal drive propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetohydrodynamic_drive" title="Magnetohydrodynamic drive">Magnetohydrodynamic drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump-jet" title="Pump-jet">Pump-jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercavitation" title="Supercavitation">Supercavitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercavitating_propeller" title="Supercavitating propeller">Supercavitating propeller</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Air">Air</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arms_and_services_3">Arms and services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Arms and services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These terms concern combat arms and supporting services of armed forces used in air warfare. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flight_(military_unit)" title="Flight (military unit)">Flight (military unit)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operational_2">Operational</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Operational"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="anchor" id="airspeed_alive"></span>Airspeed alive: Airspeed indicator showing increasing speed.</li> <li>Smoke in the air: used by pilots/aircrew for locked-on incoming missiles at visual range.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortie" title="Sortie">Sortie</a>: used by <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air forces</a> to indicate an aircraft mission count (<i>flew seven sorties</i>) or in the sense of a departure (<i>the aircraft sortied</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squadron_hack" class="mw-redirect" title="Squadron hack">Squadron hack</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctrinal_4">Doctrinal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Doctrinal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These terms concern the type of use of aviation armed forces. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_marshalling" title="Aircraft marshalling">Aircraft marshalling</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tactics">Tactics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Tactics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_ramming" title="Aerial ramming">Aerial ramming</a></li> <li>Bombing: specifically <a href="/wiki/Area_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Area bombing">area bombing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carpet_bombing" title="Carpet bombing">carpet bombing</a> and pattern bombing.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glider_snatch_pick-up" title="Glider snatch pick-up">Glider snatch pick-up</a></li> <li>Sortie: a mission flown by an aircraft</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ordnance_3">Ordnance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Ordnance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">Bomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">Missile</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airship" title="Airship">Airship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">Attacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigible" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirigible">Dirigible</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balloon" title="Balloon">balloon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_bomber" class="mw-redirect" title="Fighter bomber">Fighter bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotter_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Spotter plane">Spotter plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stealth_aircraft" title="Stealth aircraft">Stealth aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Strike aircraft">Strike aircraft</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engineering_3">Engineering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Engineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hardened_personnel_shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hardened personnel shelter (page does not exist)">Hardened personnel shelter</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Space">Space</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Space"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arms_and_services_4">Arms and services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Arms and services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">Space corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">Space force</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctrinal_5">Doctrinal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Doctrinal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative" title="Strategic Defense Initiative">Strategic Defense Initiative</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_German_military_terms" title="Glossary of German military terms">Glossary of German military terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_military_abbreviations" title="Glossary of military abbreviations">Glossary of military abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NATO_country_codes" title="List of NATO country codes">List of NATO country codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_ordnance_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="List of British ordnance terms">List of British ordnance terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_used_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of equipment used in World War II">List of equipment used in World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_slang_terms_for_federal_agents" title="List of slang terms for federal agents">List of slang terms for federal agents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_government_and_military_acronyms" title="List of government and military acronyms">List of government and military acronyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_slang_terms" title="List of military slang terms">List of military slang terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_tactics" title="List of military tactics">List of military tactics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_electronic_warfare_equipment" title="List of World War II electronic warfare equipment">List of World War II electronic warfare equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._security_clearance_terms" title="List of U.S. security clearance terms">List of U.S. security clearance terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation,_avionics,_aerospace_and_aeronautical_abbreviations" title="List of aviation, avionics, aerospace and aeronautical abbreviations">List of aviation, avionics, aerospace and aeronautical abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_mnemonics" title="List of aviation mnemonics">List of aviation mnemonics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCimbala2012" class="citation book cs1">Cimbala, Stephen J. (12 November 2012) [1991]. "Clausewitz and Escalation: Limits of Theory and Practice". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zd2Jh8P8DMcC"><i>Clausewitz and Escalation: Classical Perspective on Nuclear Strategy</i></a>. Abingdon: Frank Cass. pp. 166, 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136292231" title="Special:BookSources/9781136292231"><bdi>9781136292231</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2024</span>. <q>Unfortunately, Clausewitz does not develop the theory of military genius rigorously. [...] Two qualities are indispensable for the commander who wishes to possess military genius: '<i>first, an intellect that, even in the darkest hour, retains some glimmerings of the inner light which leads to truth; and second, the courage to follow this faint light wherever it may lead</i>'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Clausewitz+and+Escalation%3A+Limits+of+Theory+and+Practice&rft.btitle=Clausewitz+and+Escalation%3A+Classical+Perspective+on+Nuclear+Strategy&rft.place=Abingdon&rft.pages=166%2C+168&rft.pub=Frank+Cass&rft.date=2012-11-12&rft.isbn=9781136292231&rft.aulast=Cimbala&rft.aufirst=Stephen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzd2Jh8P8DMcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politicaldictionary.com/words/situation-room/">"Situation Room - Political Dictionary"</a>. 18 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Situation+Room+-+Political+Dictionary&rft.date=2024-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpoliticaldictionary.com%2Fwords%2Fsituation-room%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Forlorn Hope"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Forlorn_Hope">"Forlorn Hope" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Forlorn+Hope&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://api.army.mil/e2/c/downloads/355651.pdf">https://api.army.mil/e2/c/downloads/355651.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames1816" class="citation cs2">James, Charles (1816), <i>n Universal Military Dictionary, in English and French: In which are Explained the Terms of the Principal Sciences that are Necessary for the Information of an Officer</i> (4 ed.), T. Egerton, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IrRCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA798">798</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=n+Universal+Military+Dictionary%2C+in+English+and+French%3A+In+which+are+Explained+the+Terms+of+the+Principal+Sciences+that+are+Necessary+for+the+Information+of+an+Officer&rft.pages=798&rft.edition=4&rft.pub=T.+Egerton&rft.date=1816&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray2013" class="citation cs2">Murray, Nicholas (2013), <i>The Rocky Road to the Great War: The Evolution of Trench Warfare to 1914</i> (illustrated ed.), Potomac Books, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3W7cAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA101">101</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781597975537" title="Special:BookSources/9781597975537"><bdi>9781597975537</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rocky+Road+to+the+Great+War%3A+The+Evolution+of+Trench+Warfare+to+1914&rft.pages=101&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Potomac+Books&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781597975537&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSafire2007" class="citation news cs1">Safire, William (October 14, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/14/magazine/14wwln-safire-t.html">"Overwatch"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Overwatch&rft.date=2007-10-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Safire&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F10%2F14%2Fmagazine%2F14wwln-safire-t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YUYxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA249">"Fergusson on Fortification"</a>. <i>The Dublin University Magazine</i>. <b>34</b> (199). Dublin: James McGlashan: 250. July–December 1849.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dublin+University+Magazine&rft.atitle=Fergusson+on+Fortification&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=199&rft.pages=250&rft.date=1849-07%2F1849-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYUYxAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUS_Army_Military_Intelligence_Service" class="citation web cs1">US Army Military Intelligence Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.easy39th.com/files/Special_Series,_No._13_British_Military_Terminology_1943.pdf">"British Military Terminology"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Sep 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Military+Terminology&rft.au=US+Army+Military+Intelligence+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.easy39th.com%2Ffiles%2FSpecial_Series%2C_No._13_British_Military_Terminology_1943.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://special-ops.org/inside-an-army-rangers-team-room-afghanistan/">"Inside an Army Rangers Team Room Somewhere in Afghanistan"</a>. 21 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inside+an+Army+Rangers+Team+Room+Somewhere+in+Afghanistan&rft.date=2020-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspecial-ops.org%2Finside-an-army-rangers-team-room-afghanistan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navy.com/glossary.html">"Glossary of Terms : Navy.com"</a>. <i>www.navy.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.navy.com&rft.atitle=Glossary+of+Terms+%3A+Navy.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navy.com%2Fglossary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+established+military+terms" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.angelfire.com/wy/svenskildbiter/madict.html">A Dictionary of Military Architecture: Fortification and Fieldworks from the Iron Age to the Eighteenth Century</a></i> by Stephen Francis Wyley, drawings by Steven Lowe</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianforts.co.uk/gloss.htm">Victorian Forts glossary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024157/http://www.victorianforts.co.uk/gloss.htm">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. A more comprehensive version has been published as <i>A Handbook of Military Terms</i> by David Moore at the same site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/hli/currents/earthworks/glossaryA_C.htm">Military Earthworks Terms</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070217234508/http://www.cr.nps.gov/hps/hli/currents/earthworks/glossaryA_C.htm">Archived</a> 2007-02-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120924201753/http://www.military-dictionary.org/">Military Terms Dictionary</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup> Lookup on military terms offering you clear definitions by some of the most reliable reference works in this field.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allacronyms.com/_military">Military acronyms and abbreviations</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&oldid=1266847351">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&oldid=1266847351</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_lists" title="Category:Military lists">Military lists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_terminology" title="Category:Military terminology">Military terminology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_government_and_military_acronyms" title="Category:Lists of government and military acronyms">Lists of government and military acronyms</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_bare_URLs_for_citations" title="Category:All articles with bare URLs for citations">All articles with bare URLs for citations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_bare_URLs_for_citations_from_March_2022" title="Category:Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022">Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PDF_format_bare_URLs_for_citations" title="Category:Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations">Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_October_2023" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from October 2023">Articles needing additional references from October 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 January 2025, at 13:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_established_military_terms&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">List of established military terms</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>3 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5d75d7759c-fjptf","wgBackendResponseTime":126,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.406","walltime":"0.530","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1849,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":33117,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1239,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":41685,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 402.422 1 -total"," 37.47% 150.775 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.48% 82.398 1 Template:Short_description"," 20.30% 81.681 2 Template:Lang"," 18.51% 74.494 1 Template:Cite_book"," 14.17% 57.009 1 Template:Mcn"," 12.51% 50.334 1 Template:Ambox"," 8.64% 34.771 2 Template:Pagetype"," 8.47% 34.072 3 Template:Main_other"," 7.97% 32.092 1 Template:SDcat"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.224","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":16231355,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-84749c7844-5zrkj","timestamp":"20250210045938","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"List of established military terms","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_established_military_terms","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5963751","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5963751","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-09-25T02:45:18Z","dateModified":"2025-01-02T13:59:31Z","headline":"Wikimedia list article"}</script> </body> </html>