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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Gavin Arthur</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Chester_Alan_(%22Gavin%22)_Arthur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photographic portrait of Gavin Arthur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Chester_Alan_%28%22Gavin%22%29_Arthur.jpg/220px-Chester_Alan_%28%22Gavin%22%29_Arthur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Chester_Alan_%28%22Gavin%22%29_Arthur.jpg/330px-Chester_Alan_%28%22Gavin%22%29_Arthur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Chester_Alan_%28%22Gavin%22%29_Arthur.jpg/440px-Chester_Alan_%28%22Gavin%22%29_Arthur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="701" data-file-height="900" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Arthur, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1920</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Chester Alan Arthur III</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1901-03-21</span>)</span>March 21, 1901<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a>, US</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 28, 1972<span style="display:none">(1972-04-28)</span> (aged 71)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Fort_Miley_Military_Reservation" title="Fort Miley Military Reservation">Fort Miley Veterans Hospital</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco, California</a>, US</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia College (New York)">Columbia College</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State College</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrologer" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrologer">Astrologer</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sexologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexologist">sexologist</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Charlotte Joy Wilson</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="29 June 1922">1922</span>; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1932)<wbr /></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Esther_Murphy_Strachey" title="Esther Murphy Strachey">Esther Murphy Strachey</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1935; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1961)<wbr /></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Ellen Jansen</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1965)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chester_Alan_Arthur_II" title="Chester Alan Arthur II">Chester Alan Arthur II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a> (grandfather)</li></ul></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Lewis_Herndon" title="William Lewis Herndon">William Lewis Herndon</a> (great-grandfather)</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Chester Alan</b> "<b>Gavin</b>" <b>Arthur III</b> (March 21, 1901 – April 28, 1972) was an American <a href="/wiki/Astrologer" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrologer">astrologer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexologist">sexologist</a>. He was the grandson of <a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a>, the twenty-first <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a>. He received his early education from <a href="/wiki/Columbia_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia College (New York)">Columbia College</a> and later joined the <a href="/wiki/Philolexian_Society" title="Philolexian Society">Philolexian Society</a>. He left his college and participated in the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Movement_(Ireland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Movement (Ireland)">Irish Republican Movement</a>. During his time in Ireland, he began going by the name Gavin. </p><p>Arthur founded <i>Dune Forum</i>, a short-lived cultural magazine aimed to spread alternating religious and political ideologies. After his father's death, he inherited various official documents, including newspapers during the time of his grandfather's presidency and presidential memento. In the 1950s, due to financial instability, Arthur sold newspapers on the streets of San Francisco. In the 1960s, he published <i>The Circle of Sex</i>, where he claimed that he had developed sexual intimacy with <a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Edward Carpenter</a>. He also claimed that Carpenter had had sexual relations with American author <a href="/wiki/Walt_Whitman" title="Walt Whitman">Walt Whitman</a>. Arthur died in 1972; he was the last living descendant of the Arthur family. Most of his papers and official documents were donated to the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chester Alan Arthur III was born in <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a>, on March 21, 1901, to <a href="/wiki/Chester_Alan_Arthur_II" title="Chester Alan Arthur II">Chester Alan Arthur II</a> and his wife, Myra Fithian Andrews. He was the grandson of <a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a>, twenty-first <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a>. Arthur II was an indirect stakeholder in the Trinchera Estate, a 250,000 acres (1,000 km<sup>2</sup>) ranch which was one of the main source of income for his family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESummers2021_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESummers2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the early 1920s, Arthur studied at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia College (New York)">Columbia College</a> in New York;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was a member of the Class of 1924<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFackenthal193227_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFackenthal193227-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also of the <a href="/wiki/Philolexian_Society" title="Philolexian Society">Philolexian Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Columbia_Spectator''19211_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Columbia_Spectator''19211-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur was an admirer of the works of the British poet and activist <a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Edward Carpenter</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edgeplain.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Edgeplain.JPG/220px-Edgeplain.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Edgeplain.JPG/330px-Edgeplain.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Edgeplain.JPG/440px-Edgeplain.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4440" data-file-height="2712" /></a><figcaption>Arthur's childhood home in Colorado Springs, Colorado<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENRHP_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENRHP-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After leaving college, Arthur worked in the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Movement_(Ireland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Movement (Ireland)">Irish Republican Movement</a>, living in New York, France, and Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While in Europe, Arthur and his wife Charlotte had roles in the 1930 <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Borderline_(1930_film)" title="Borderline (1930 film)">Borderline</a>,</i> which also starred <a href="/wiki/H.D." title="H.D.">H.D.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Robeson" title="Paul Robeson">Paul Robeson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Pray199657_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Pray199657-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 1930s, he moved to <a href="/wiki/Pismo_Beach,_California" title="Pismo Beach, California">Pismo Beach, California</a>, and began going by the name "Gavin",.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur founded an art and literature <a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">commune</a> and published a short-lived magazine, <i>Dune Forum</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with an intention to "express the creative thought of America looking not toward Europe but toward the West" and spread alternating religious and political ideologies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Time''1934_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Time''1934-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amy Hart wrote that the magazine was a "platform where Dunites could express their varied worldviews and religious ideals".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017158_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017158-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dunites were group of artists and mystics who lived in <a href="/wiki/Guadalupe-Nipomo_Dunes" title="Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes">Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes</a> from the 1930s till 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017153–154_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017153–154-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur, one of the most famous dunite, described the group as "intensely individualistic, with ideas as different one from another as any in the country" in the <i>Dune Forum</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017164_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017164-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The magazine was released in seven issues between 1933 and 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017164_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017164-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1934, Arthur joined the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utopian_Society_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utopian Society of America (page does not exist)">Utopian Society of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1936 and 1937, he wrote six articles published in <a href="/wiki/Labor_Defender" title="Labor Defender">Labor Defender</a> and he served as an editor with <a href="/wiki/Langston_Hughes" title="Langston Hughes">Langston Hughes</a>. Upon his father's death in 1937, all of Arthur II's financial assets were distributed equally between his son Gavin and his wife. He inherited various receipts, bills, checkbooks, presidential mementos, newspaper clippings from <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">his grandfather's presidency</a>, and correspondence letters from politicians such as <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a>, among others. He received typed copies of various important documents.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur served as secretary of the California <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> in 1940, during the administration of <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>, but resigned the following year, convinced that the party had betrayed his principles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Arthur served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Merchant_navy" title="Merchant navy">Merchant navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war, Arthur moved to New York and undertook the writing of a family history, which was never completed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Returning to California in 1949, Arthur taught classes at <a href="/wiki/San_Quentin_State_Prison" class="mw-redirect" title="San Quentin State Prison">San Quentin State Prison</a> for many years. In 1952, he finished his bachelor's degree at <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often low on funds, Arthur sold newspapers on the streets of San Francisco in the 1950s and 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, he began to gain fame as an <a href="/wiki/Astrologer" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrologer">astrologer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Circle_of_Sex"><i>The Circle of Sex</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Circle of Sex"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A sexologist by profession,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsky2017-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur published <i>The Circle of Sex</i> in 1962 that analyzed human sexuality through the lens of <a href="/wiki/Yin_and_yang" title="Yin and yang">yin-yang</a> polarities. Rather than the linear scale developed by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kinsey" title="Alfred Kinsey">Alfred Kinsey</a>, Arthur envisioned sexuality as a wheel with twelve orientations, six for each sex.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The twelve types corresponded to the 12-hours dial clock and Arthur illustrated each with a historical archetype, like <a href="/wiki/Don_Juan" title="Don Juan">Don Juan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sappho" title="Sappho">Sappho</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lady_Chatterley%27s_Lover" title="Lady Chatterley's Lover">Lady C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1966, he published an enlarged edition of the same title. In that edition, he claimed that on his first visit with Carpenter, they both developed a sexual intimacy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristy2007D4_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristy2007D4-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carpenter later told him that he had been sexual with American author <a href="/wiki/Walt_Whitman" title="Walt Whitman">Walt Whitman</a> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur, bisexual himself,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsky2017-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was said to have been intimate with <a href="/wiki/Neal_Cassady" title="Neal Cassady">Neal Cassady</a> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Astrology_and_later_career">Astrology and later career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Astrology and later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arthur was friend to many people of the <a href="/wiki/Beat_Generation" title="Beat Generation">Beat Generation</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Allen_Ginsberg" title="Allen Ginsberg">Allen Ginsberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Watts" title="Alan Watts">Alan Watts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was active in the early <a href="/wiki/Gay_liberation" title="Gay liberation">gay rights</a> movement, and was also a leader of the <a href="/wiki/Haight-Ashbury#Hippie_community" title="Haight-Ashbury">Haight-Ashbury counterculture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsky2017-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur used his astrology to decide the date for the first "<a href="/wiki/Human_Be-In" title="Human Be-In">Human Be-In</a>" event on January 14, 1967. Over 30,000 people,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg2017_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg2017-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including many <a href="/wiki/Gypsie" class="mw-redirect" title="Gypsie">Gypsies</a> attended the event.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsky2017-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the presidency of <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, according to <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, he helped the first lady <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis">Jacqueline Kennedy</a> to "locate art objects stored and forgotten by previous Presidential occupants".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur believed he was in spiritual connections with local <a href="/wiki/Chumash_people" title="Chumash people">Chumash Indians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017156_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017156-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to various of his friends, including <a href="/wiki/F._Scott_Fitzgerald" title="F. Scott Fitzgerald">F. Scott Fitzgerald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arthur would refer to himself as a "pre-hippie hippie".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Argus-Courier''19725_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Argus-Courier''19725-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_death">Personal life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Esther_%26_Chester_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to the caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Esther_%26_Chester_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Esther_%26_Chester_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Esther_%26_Chester_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="440" /></a><figcaption>Gavin with his second wife <a href="/wiki/Esther_Murphy_Strachey" title="Esther Murphy Strachey">Esther Murphy Strachey</a> in the 1940s</figcaption></figure> <p>Arthur was married three times. In 1922, he married Charlotte Joy Johnson, divorcing her in 1932. Three years later, he wed <a href="/wiki/Esther_Murphy_Strachey" title="Esther Murphy Strachey">Esther Murphy Strachey</a>, whom he divorced in 1961. His final marriage, to Ellen Jansen, took place in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arthur died on April 28, 1972, at the <a href="/wiki/Fort_Miley_Military_Reservation" title="Fort Miley Military Reservation">Fort Miley Veterans Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is buried at the <a href="/wiki/Albany_Rural_Cemetery" title="Albany Rural Cemetery">Albany Rural Cemetery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHallenbeck2022A1_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallenbeck2022A1-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having no children of his own, he was the last living descendant of his grandfather, President Chester A. Arthur. His papers, including many family papers, were given to the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> soon after his death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1972319_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves1972319-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philip Avillo wrote that "Throughout his life, Arthur cultivated a wide variety of people, including political leaders, writers, entertainers, sexologists, and social misfits and outcasts."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAvillo20113–5_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAvillo2011">Avillo 2011</a>, pp. 3–5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESummers2021-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESummers2021_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSummers2021">Summers 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFackenthal193227-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFackenthal193227_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFackenthal1932">Fackenthal 1932</a>, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Columbia_Spectator''19211-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Columbia_Spectator''19211_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFColumbia_Spectator1921"><i>Columbia Spectator</i> 1921</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray2005194_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurray2005">Murray 2005</a>, p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENRHP-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENRHP_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNRHP">NRHP</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Pray199657-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Pray199657_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFO'Pray1996">O'Pray 1996</a>, p. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Time''1934-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Time''1934_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTime1934"><i>Time</i> 1934</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017158-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017158_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHart2017">Hart 2017</a>, p. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017153–154-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017153–154_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHart2017">Hart 2017</a>, pp. 153–154.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017164-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017164_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017164_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHart2017">Hart 2017</a>, p. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1972313_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReeves1972">Reeves 1972</a>, p. 313.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''197267_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_New_York_Times1972"><i>The New York Times</i> 1972</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''San_Mateo_County_Times''19727_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSan_Mateo_County_Times1972"><i>San Mateo County Times</i> 1972</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELipsky2017-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipsky2017_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLipsky2017">Lipsky 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeyer200044–49_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMeyer2000">Meyer 2000</a>, pp. 44–49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristy2007D4-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChristy2007D4_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChristy2007">Christy 2007</a>, p. D4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorgan2006294_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorgan2006">Morgan 2006</a>, p. 294.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg2017-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg2017_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldberg2017">Goldberg 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHart2017156-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHart2017156_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHart2017">Hart 2017</a>, p. 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Argus-Courier''19725-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Argus-Courier''19725_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArgus-Courier1972"><i>Argus-Courier</i> 1972</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHallenbeck2022A1-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHallenbeck2022A1_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHallenbeck2022">Hallenbeck 2022</a>, p. A1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReeves1972319-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReeves1972319_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReeves1972">Reeves 1972</a>, p. 319.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Arthur&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFArgus-Courier1972" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97188187/chester-a-arthur/">"Chester A. Arthur"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Argus-Courier" title="Argus-Courier">Argus-Courier</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. May 1, 1972. p. 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Argus-Courier&rft.atitle=Chester+A.+Arthur&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1972-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97188187%2Fchester-a-arthur%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvillo2011" class="citation web cs1">Avillo, Philip, ed. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2011/ms011190.pdf">"Arthur Family Papers"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/mm76049577">mm76049577</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arthur+Family+Papers&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2Fmm76049577&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemory.loc.gov%2Fservice%2Fmss%2Feadxmlmss%2Feadpdfmss%2F2011%2Fms011190.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristy2007" class="citation news cs1">Christy, J. (2007). "He's Still the Man; A New Life of Allen Ginsberg Gets the Cherished Yet Underrated Beat Figure Exactly Right Capturing the Creative, Nurturing Soul he Remained Despite Being the Most Accessible Famous Writer Ever, Says One Who Was There, Biography". <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. p. D4. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/439121964">439121964</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Subscription Required"><img alt="Subscription Required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/10px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/15px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/20px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=He%27s+Still+the+Man%3B+A+New+Life+of+Allen+Ginsberg+Gets+the+Cherished+Yet+Underrated+Beat+Figure+Exactly+Right+Capturing+the+Creative%2C+Nurturing+Soul+he+Remained+Despite+Being+the+Most+Accessible+Famous+Writer+Ever%2C+Says+One+Who+Was+There%2C+Biography&rft.pages=D4&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Christy&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColumbia_Spectator1921" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectatorarchive.library.columbia.edu/?a=d&d=cs19210506-01&dliv=userclipping&cliparea=1.1%2C2920%2C739%2C663%2C321&factor=2&e=------192-en-20--1--txt-txIN-chester+arthur------">"Philolexian Literary Society"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Daily_Spectator" title="Columbia Daily Spectator">Columbia Spectator</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Libraries" title="Columbia University Libraries">Columbia University Libraries</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Spectator&rft.atitle=Philolexian+Literary+Society&rft.volume=XLIV&rft.issue=139&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1921-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectatorarchive.library.columbia.edu%2F%3Fa%3Dd%26d%3Dcs19210506-01%26dliv%3Duserclipping%26cliparea%3D1.1%252C2920%252C739%252C663%252C321%26factor%3D2%26e%3D------192-en-20--1--txt-txIN-chester%2Barthur------&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFackenthal1932" class="citation book cs1">Fackenthal, F. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/HathiTrust" title="HathiTrust">HathiTrust</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Public Domain"><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columbia+University+Alumni+Register%2C+1754%E2%80%931931&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1932&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Duc1.b4525470%26view%3D1up%26seq%3D1%26skin%3D2021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldberg2017" class="citation news cs1">Goldberg, Danny (January 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/all-the-human-be-in-was-saying-50-years-ago-was-give-peace-a-chance/">"All the Human Be-In Was Saying 50 Years Ago, Was Give Peace a Chance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2022</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=All+the+Human+Be-In+Was+Saying+50+Years+Ago%2C+Was+Give+Peace+a+Chance&rft.date=2017-01-13&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Farchive%2Fall-the-human-be-in-was-saying-50-years-ago-was-give-peace-a-chance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2017" class="citation journal cs1">Hart, Amy (2017). "The Gods of the Dunes: The Diverse Spiritual Practices and Beliefs of the Dunites". <i>Communal Societies</i>. <b>37</b> (2): 153–170. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/2008823252">2008823252</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Subscription Required"><img alt="Subscription Required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/10px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/15px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/20px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communal+Societies&rft.atitle=The+Gods+of+the+Dunes%3A+The+Diverse+Spiritual+Practices+and+Beliefs+of+the+Dunites&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=153-170&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Amy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallenbeck2022" class="citation news cs1">Hallenbeck, Brent (February 21, 2022). "A Look at VT's Other President: Chester Alan Arthur Served as 21st President". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Burlington_Free_Press" title="The Burlington Free Press">The Burlington Free Press</a></i>. pp. A1. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/2630697537">2630697537</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Subscription Required"><img alt="Subscription Required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/10px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/15px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/20px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Burlington+Free+Press&rft.atitle=A+Look+at+VT%27s+Other+President%3A+Chester+Alan+Arthur+Served+as+21st+President&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2022-02-21&rft.aulast=Hallenbeck&rft.aufirst=Brent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipsky2017" class="citation news cs1">Lipsky, Bill (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sfbaytimes.com/gavin-arthur-and-the-summer-of-love/">"Gavin Arthur and the Summer of Love"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Times" title="San Francisco Bay Times">San Francisco Bay Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2022</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Bay+Times&rft.atitle=Gavin+Arthur+and+the+Summer+of+Love&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Lipsky&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsfbaytimes.com%2Fgavin-arthur-and-the-summer-of-love%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2000" class="citation book cs1">Meyer, Michael (2000) [1976]. <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lAo9dwT9zaAC"><i>The Astrology of Relationship: A Humanistic Approach to the Practice of Synastry</i></a></span>. iUniverse. pp. 44–49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-595-08934-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-595-08934-5"><bdi>978-0-595-08934-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Astrology+of+Relationship%3A+A+Humanistic+Approach+to+the+Practice+of+Synastry&rft.pages=44-49&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-595-08934-5&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlAo9dwT9zaAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2006" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, Bill (2006). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9ycn1N8Hw9EC"><i>I Celebrate Myself: The Somewhat Private Life of Allen Ginsberg</i></a></span>. Penguin. p. 294. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-311249-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-311249-5"><bdi>978-0-14-311249-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Walt+Whitman+Quarterly+Review&rft.atitle=Walt+Whitman%2C+Edward+Carpenter%2C+Gavin+Arthur%2C+and+The+Circle+of+Sex&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=194-198&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.13008%2F2153-3695.1772&rft.issn=0737-0679&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.lib.uiowa.edu%2Fwwqr%2Farticle%2Fid%2F25850%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNRHP" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130601074008/http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/CO/El+Paso/state.html">"Colorado – El Paso County"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/CO/El+Paso/state.html">the original</a> on June 1, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2013</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Colorado+%E2%80%93+El+Paso+County&rft.pub=National+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com%2FCO%2FEl%2BPaso%2Fstate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Pray1996" class="citation book cs1">O'Pray, Michael (1996). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://google.co.in/books/edition/The_British_Avant_garde_Film_1926_1995/bmT5ebjTKj8C?hl=en&gbpv=0"><i>The British Avant-Garde Film, 1926–1995: An Anthology of Writings</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Luton_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Luton Press">University of Luton Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86020-004-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86020-004-5"><bdi>978-1-86020-004-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+British+Avant-Garde+Film%2C+1926%E2%80%931995%3A+An+Anthology+of+Writings&rft.pub=University+of+Luton+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-86020-004-5&rft.aulast=O%27Pray&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgoogle.co.in%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FThe_British_Avant_garde_Film_1926_1995%2FbmT5ebjTKj8C%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReeves1972" class="citation journal cs1">Reeves, Thomas C. (1972). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4634741">"The Search for the Chester Alan Arthur Papers"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Magazine_of_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Wisconsin Magazine of History">Wisconsin Magazine of History</a></i>. <b>55</b> (4). <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Historical_Society" title="Wisconsin Historical Society">Wisconsin Historical Society</a>: 310–319. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4634741">4634741</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wisconsin+Magazine+of+History&rft.atitle=The+Search+for+the+Chester+Alan+Arthur+Papers&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=310-319&rft.date=1972&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4634741%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Reeves&rft.aufirst=Thomas+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4634741&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSan_Mateo_County_Times1972" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97184844/grandson-of-president-arthur-dies/">"Grandson of President Arthur Dies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/San_Mateo_County_Times" title="San Mateo County Times">San Mateo County Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. May 1, 1972. p. 7<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Mateo+County+Times&rft.atitle=Grandson+of+President+Arthur+Dies&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1972-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97184844%2Fgrandson-of-president-arthur-dies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSummers2021" class="citation news cs1">Summers, Danny (January 21, 2021) [December 18, 2019]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gazette.com/cheyenneedition/chester-a-arthur-ii-was-a-sportsman-from-the-sidelines/article_9a701d5e-1d07-11ea-9819-7f135287d4ef.html">"Chester A. Arthur II was a sportsman; From the Sidelines"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Gazette_(Colorado_Springs)" title="The Gazette (Colorado Springs)">The Gazette</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2022</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette&rft.atitle=Chester+A.+Arthur+II+was+a+sportsman%3B+From+the+Sidelines&rft.date=2021-01-21&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgazette.com%2Fcheyenneedition%2Fchester-a-arthur-ii-was-a-sportsman-from-the-sidelines%2Farticle_9a701d5e-1d07-11ea-9819-7f135287d4ef.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_New_York_Times1972" class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1972/04/30/archives/chester-arthur-3d-dies-on-coast-at-71.html">"Chester Arthur 3D Dies on Coast at 71"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. April 30, 1972. p. 67<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chester+Arthur+3D+Dies+on+Coast+at+71&rft.pages=67&rft.date=1972-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1972%2F04%2F30%2Farchives%2Fchester-arthur-3d-dies-on-coast-at-71.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGavin+Arthur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTime1934" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,746881,00.html">"Press: Names"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. January 22, 1934<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2022</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Open Access"><img alt="Open Access" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/10px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/15px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></cite><span 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Arthur</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">21st</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1881–1885)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">20th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1881)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lemmon_v._New_York" title="Lemmon v. New York">Lemmon v. New York</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Central_America" title="SS Central America">SS <i>Central America</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collector_of_the_Port_of_New_York" title="Collector of the Port of New York">Collector of the Port of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_presidential_election" title="1880 United States presidential election">1880 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Republican_National_Convention" title="1880 Republican National Convention">1880 Republican National Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Alan_Arthur_State_Historic_Site" title="Chester Alan Arthur State Historic Site">Chester Alan Arthur State Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur_Home" title="Chester A. Arthur Home">Chester A. Arthur Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Rural_Cemetery" title="Albany Rural Cemetery">Albany Rural Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur">Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_U.S._foreign_policy,_1861%E2%80%931897" title="History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Route_scandal" title="Star Route scandal">Star Route scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendleton_Civil_Service_Reform_Act" title="Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act">Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Civil_Service_Commission" title="United States Civil Service Commission">United States Civil Service Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariff_of_1883" title="Tariff of 1883">Tariff of 1883</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1882" title="Immigration Act of 1882">Immigration Act of 1882</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Exclusion_Act" title="Chinese Exclusion Act">Chinese Exclusion Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmunds_Act" title="Edmunds Act">Edmunds Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Appropriations_Act" title="Indian Appropriations Act">Indian Appropriations Act of 1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Animal_Industry" title="Bureau of Animal Industry">Bureau of Animal Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Chester_A._Arthur" title="List of federal judges appointed by Chester A. Arthur">List of federal judges appointed by Chester A. Arthur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public image</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Statue of Chester A. Arthur">Statue of Chester A. Arthur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nell_Arthur" title="Nell Arthur">Nell Arthur</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Alan_Arthur_II" title="Chester Alan Arthur II">Chester Alan Arthur II</a> (son)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gavin Arthur</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Arthur_(clergyman)" title="William Arthur (clergyman)">William Arthur</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Arthur_McElroy" title="Mary Arthur McElroy">Mary Arthur McElroy</a> (sister)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">← James A. Garfield</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">← William A. Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Thomas A. Hendricks →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chester_A._Arthur" title="Category:Chester A. 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.portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-unbordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul 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