Another Change Election | Mark Lilla | The New York Review of Books

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="57x57" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"/> <meta name="application-name" content="The New York Review of Books"/> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#990101"/> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/themes/nyrb_2020/img/mstile-144x144.png"/>  <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>Another Change Election | Mark Lilla | The New York Review of Books</title> <meta name="description" content="On the need to preserve our institutions" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Another Change Election | Mark Lilla" /> <meta property="og:description" content="On the need to preserve our institutions" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The New York Review of Books" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/nybooks" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-16T20:56:05+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/lilla_election-900.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="900" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@nybooks" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/"},"author":[{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#/schema/person/image/5fdfee6a44d54fbe0070e661597e948c"}],"headline":"Another Change Election","datePublished":"2024-10-17T12:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-16T20:56:05+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/"},"wordCount":840,"publisher":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/lilla_election-900.jpg","articleSection":["Election 2024","Politics","United States"],"inLanguage":"en-US","articleBody":"Our text for today is from The New York Times of September 9: More than 60 percent of likely voters said the next president should represent a major change from Mr. Biden, but only 25 percent said the vice president represented that change, while 53 percent said Mr. Trump, the former president, did.* God spare us changes. Americans have trouble resisting the idea of change. We are always undergoing some sort of self-renovation in our lives. We believe in the power of sudden conversions and epiphanies, ten-step programs, and turning over new leaves. To paraphrase Richard Daley’s old joke about voting, Americans believe in getting a new life early and often. As we also know only too well, innovation has become the golden calf of the business world, into whose worship our brightest students at our best universities are being initiated from the moment they arrive. They have little interest in working for established companies with solid numbers and good managers. They hope instead to strike it rich by coming up with some gimmick—an app that generates new apps that protect against other apps!—or work on financing others’ gimmicks. The plastic trinkets of Peter Thiel charm them more than the antique jewels Warren Buffett keeps accumulating. And of course our political language is larded with the c-word. All elections are about change: incumbents want to keep their jobs; challengers try to persuade voters they would do them better. But political institutions, even democratic ones, are not “about” change. They are “about” creating an environment in which changes can be considered and consent to them can be mobilized within the limits of the law. This used to be true even of our political parties, which were homes for different constituencies that might have shared only just enough to try winning elections and governing together—which was the whole point. The Democrats and Republicans of old were ideologically piebald, and stronger for it. Then, as we know, the Democratic Party underwent major structural changes in the 1970s, which was only partly a good thing. Transparency was lacking in party deliberations, and many voices in society—minorities, women, gays and lesbians, young people—were not being heard. But the opening up of the party also shifted the energies of liberals from winning elections for a wide range of interests toward becoming activists on single issues and demanding immediate results. Protests and court cases became more important than canvassing and persuading. This resulted in progress on many important matters, but the common good of the party as a whole began drifting out of view. As a Democratic fundraiser once ruefully told me, “People in my class care about only three things, in this order: my pet issue, my pet candidate, and the next election.” One of the unintended and regrettable effects of the new focus on single issues was that it reshaped how civics was taught in American schools. The old approach was to teach the founding principles of the US Constitution and how our institutions were meant to function within the rule of law. Today, if schoolchildren get any civics education at all, it tends to focus on getting them to choose a single cause, learn what they can about it, and become active “agents of change.” Activism is important in a democracy, but to be effective it has to be grounded in a solid sense of how the system works and why. In particular, young people need reminding that if you don’t win elections—which means appealing to people you disagree with and compromising—your activism will be ineffective. For centrist liberals like myself, the 2024 election, like the past two, is not about “making social change.” It is not even primarily about blocking Trump and his allies from making disastrous policy. It is more fundamentally about preserving our liberal democratic political institutions. It is one thing to win an election; it is a more fundamental achievement to ensure that all future elections remain free, fair, and open to all. Today we feel called upon to preserve and protect, to be—in the original sense of the word—conservatives. One of the most interesting, and encouraging, interviews of an American politician in recent years was one Rachel Maddow did with Liz Cheney on MSNBC in 2023. Cheney was there to promote her book Oath and Honor, on the riot of January 6, 2021, and the hearings she subsequently helped lead on the White House’s involvement in fomenting it. At first Maddow defensively reassured her progressive viewers that she really, really disagreed with Cheney on almost everything related to policy. Yet once they started conversing, it became apparent how much they shared. Viewers saw two (write it) patriots who understood that not all change is good change, and that in these times a different sort of political rhetoric is required to focus our attention on the stake we have in preserving our institutions. Both are voting for Kamala Harris, and personally I’d be happy to see both of them in her cabinet."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/","url":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/","name":"Another Change Election | Mark Lilla | The New York Review of Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/lilla_election-900.jpg","datePublished":"2024-10-17T12:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-16T20:56:05+00:00","description":"On the need to preserve our institutions","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/lilla_election-900.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/lilla_election-900.jpg","width":900,"height":600},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/another-change-election-mark-lilla/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.nybooks.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Articles","item":"https://www.nybooks.com/?post_type=article"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Another Change Election"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#website","url":"https://www.nybooks.com/","name":"The New York Review of Books","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.nybooks.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#organization","name":"The New York Review of Books","url":"https://www.nybooks.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nybooks-t.png","contentUrl":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/nybooks-t.png","width":1200,"height":1200,"caption":"The New York Review of Books"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/nybooks","https://x.com/nybooks","https://www.instagram.com/nybooks/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-new-york-review-of-books","https://www.pinterest.com/nybooks/","https://www.youtube.com/nybooks/","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#/schema/person/image/5fdfee6a44d54fbe0070e661597e948c","name":"Mark Lilla","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.nybooks.com/#/schema/person/image/44b9c79e9fb9c285503d17d590c01af0","url":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/lilla-mark_c.jpg?w=125","contentUrl":"https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/lilla-mark_c.jpg?w=125","width":125,"height":125,"caption":"Mark Lilla"},"description":"Mark Lilla is the author of The Shipwrecked Mind: On Political Reaction and Ignorance and Bliss: On Wanting Not to Know, which will be published in December. 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class="article-col article-main-content paywall-article has-tombstone single-fn"> <p>Our text for today is from <i>The</i> <i>New York Times</i> of September 9:</p><blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p>More than 60 percent of likely voters said the next president should represent a major change from Mr. Biden, but only 25 percent said the vice president represented that change, while 53 percent said Mr. Trump, the former president, did.<sup id="fnr-*"><a href="#fn-*">*</a></sup></p> </blockquote><p>God spare us changes.</p><p>Americans have trouble resisting the idea of change. We are always undergoing some sort of self-renovation in our lives. We believe in the power of sudden conversions and epiphanies, ten-step programs, and turning over new leaves. To paraphrase Richard Daley’s old joke about voting, Americans believe in getting a new life early and often.</p><p>As we also know only too well, innovation has become the golden calf of the business world, into whose worship our brightest students at our best universities are being initiated from the moment they arrive. They have little interest in working for established companies with solid numbers and good managers. They hope instead to strike it rich by coming up with some gimmick—<i>an app that generates new apps that protect against other apps!</i>—or work on financing others’ gimmicks. The plastic trinkets of Peter Thiel charm them more than the antique jewels Warren Buffett keeps accumulating.</p><p>And of course our political language is larded with the c-word. All elections are about change: incumbents want to keep their jobs; challengers try to persuade voters they would do them better. But political institutions, even democratic ones, are not “about” change. They are “about” creating an environment in which changes can be considered and consent to them can be mobilized within the limits of the law. This used to be true even of our political parties, which were homes for different constituencies that might have shared only just enough to try winning elections and governing together—which was the whole point. The Democrats and Republicans of old were ideologically piebald, and stronger for it.</p><p>Then, as we know, the Democratic Party underwent major structural changes in the 1970s, which was only partly a good thing. Transparency was lacking in party deliberations, and many voices in society—minorities, women, gays and lesbians, young people—were not being heard. But the opening up of the party also shifted the energies of liberals from winning elections for a wide range of interests toward becoming activists on single issues and demanding immediate results. Protests and court cases became more important than canvassing and persuading. This resulted in progress on many important matters, but the common good of the party as a whole began drifting out of view. As a Democratic fundraiser once ruefully told me, “People in my class care about only three things, in this order: my pet issue, my pet candidate, and the next election.”</p><p>One of the unintended and regrettable effects of the new focus on single issues was that it reshaped how civics was taught in American schools. The old approach was to teach the founding principles of the US Constitution and how our institutions were meant to function within the rule of law. Today, if schoolchildren get any civics education at all, it tends to focus on getting them to choose a single cause, learn what they can about it, and become active “agents of change.” Activism is important in a democracy, but to be effective it has to be grounded in a solid sense of how the system works and why. In particular, young people need reminding that if you don’t win elections—which means appealing to people you disagree with and compromising—your activism will be ineffective.</p><p>For centrist liberals like myself, the 2024 election, like the past two, is not about “making social change.” It is not even primarily about blocking Trump and his allies from making disastrous policy. It is more fundamentally about preserving our liberal democratic political institutions. It is one thing to win an election; it is a more fundamental achievement to ensure that all future elections remain free, fair, and open to all. Today we feel called upon to preserve and protect, to be—in the original sense of the word—conservatives.</p><p>One of the most interesting, and encouraging, interviews of an American politician in recent years was one Rachel Maddow did with Liz Cheney on <abbr>MSNBC</abbr> in 2023. Cheney was there to promote her book <i>Oath and Honor</i>, on the riot of January 6, 2021, and the hearings she subsequently helped lead on the White House’s involvement in fomenting it. At first Maddow defensively reassured her progressive viewers that she <i>really, really</i> disagreed with Cheney on almost everything related to policy. Yet once they started conversing, it became apparent how much they shared. Viewers saw two (write it) patriots who understood that not all change is good change, and that in these times a different sort of political rhetoric is required to focus our attention on the stake we have in preserving our institutions. Both are voting for Kamala Harris, and personally I’d be happy to see both of them in her cabinet.</p><div id="article-p1" class="inline-ad"><p class="text-label-sm mb-xs-2 mt-xs-2 color-gray text-center">Advertisement</p><div id="div-gpt-ad-1561395340865-0" style="height: 250px; width: 300px; margin: 0 auto;"></div></div> </div> <div class="sidebar-item mb-xs-6 to-position"> <div class="current-issue-desktop d-none d-lg-block"> <section class="current-issue"> <p class="font-giza color-ny-red mb-0">This Issue</p> <p class="font-giza color-black mb-xs-2">November 7, 2024</p> <div class="sidebar-issue d-block mb-xs-3 border-light-gray"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/issues/2024/11/07/" class="cover"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/nyrb110724.jpg?w=165" srcset="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/nyrb110724.jpg?w=165 165w, https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/nyrb110724.jpg?w=330 330w" sizes="(max-width: 165px) 165px, 330px" class="mw-50 shadow-hover" alt="Image of the November 7, 2024 issue cover." > </a> </div> <article> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/where-freedom-ends-laurence-tribe/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-0"> <span class="text-small color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Laurence H. 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</article> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/issues/2024/11/07/" class="text-small semi-bold color-ny-red hover-border-ny-red hover-text-ny-red"> <span>All Contents</span> </a> </section> </div> </div> <div class="article-newsletter-signup to-position has-position sidebar-item mt-0 mb-xs-8"> <div class="sidebar-sign-up"> <p class="newsletter-title font-giza mb-xs-2">Subscribe to our Newsletters</p> <p class="mb-xs-2 text-xs">Best of The New York Review, plus books, events, and other items of interest</p> <div class="sidebar-newsletter mb-xs-6" data-form-source="Article Sidebar"> <form class="newsletter-trigger"> <div class="newsletter-trigger__wrapper"> <label for="email" class="sr-only">Email Address</label> <input type="email" class="newsletter-trigger__input bg-transparent w-100 pl-xs-2 pr-2 pt-2 pb-2" id="email"> <div class="newsletter-trigger__submit mt-xs-2"> <button type="submit" class="button">Continue</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar-author to-position has-position d-none d-lg-block"> <div class="author-module mb-xs-6"> <p class="sidebar-title font-giza color-ny-red mb-xs-2">More by Mark Lilla</p> <article> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-1"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/06/20/the-tower-and-the-sewer-why-liberalism-failed-deneen/" class="color-black hover-text-ny-red text-deocration-none">The Tower and the Sewer <span class="sr-only"> June 20, 2024 issue </span></a> </div> <p class="text-xs mb-xs-1">Catholic postliberal thinkers opposed to modern liberal individualism are less interested in transforming people’s unhappy lives through the power of the gospel than in jockeying for political power as the vanguard of a conservative revolution. </p> <p class="text-label color-gray mb-xs-3"> June 20, 2024 issue </p> </article> <article> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-1"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/05/13/thomas-mann-writer-apart/" class="color-black hover-text-ny-red text-deocration-none">The Writer Apart <span class="sr-only"> May 13, 2021 issue </span></a> </div> <p class="text-xs mb-xs-1">Who is the “nonpolitical” man Thomas Mann tried to defend even as he couldn’t escape politics? </p> <p class="text-label color-gray mb-xs-3"> May 13, 2021 issue </p> </article> <article> <div class="text-small semi-bold "> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2020/11/05/keep-your-wits/" class="color-black hover-text-ny-red text-deocration-none">Keep Your Wits <span class="sr-only"> November 5, 2020 issue </span></a> </div> <p class="text-label color-gray mb-xs-3"> November 5, 2020 issue </p> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="article-bottom article-col hide-on-paywall mb-xs-6"> <div class="social-bottom d-lg-none mb-xs-12"> <div class="article-social"> <div class="d-flex flex-lg-column justify-content-center align-items-lg-end"> <a 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21H13V25H21V21H24C24.6 21 25 20.6 25 20V15C25 14.5 24.6 14 24 14ZM11 17C10.4 17 10 16.6 10 16C10 15.4 10.4 15 11 15C11.6 15 12 15.4 12 16C12 16.6 11.6 17 11 17ZM20 24H14V19H20V24Z"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="article-col"> <div class="sidebar-author d-lg-none"> <div class="author-module mb-xs-6"> <p class="sidebar-title font-giza color-ny-red mb-xs-2">More by Mark Lilla</p> <article> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-1"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/06/20/the-tower-and-the-sewer-why-liberalism-failed-deneen/" class="color-black hover-text-ny-red text-deocration-none">The Tower and the Sewer <span class="sr-only"> June 20, 2024 issue </span></a> </div> <p class="text-xs mb-xs-1">Catholic postliberal thinkers opposed to modern liberal individualism are less interested in transforming people’s unhappy lives through the power of the gospel than in jockeying for political power as the vanguard of a conservative revolution. </p> <p class="text-label color-gray mb-xs-3"> June 20, 2024 issue </p> </article> <article> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-1"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/05/13/thomas-mann-writer-apart/" class="color-black hover-text-ny-red text-deocration-none">The Writer Apart <span class="sr-only"> May 13, 2021 issue </span></a> </div> <p class="text-xs mb-xs-1">Who is the “nonpolitical” man Thomas Mann tried to defend even as he couldn’t escape politics? </p> <p class="text-label color-gray mb-xs-3"> May 13, 2021 issue </p> </article> <article> <div class="text-small semi-bold "> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2020/11/05/keep-your-wits/" class="color-black hover-text-ny-red text-deocration-none">Keep Your Wits <span class="sr-only"> November 5, 2020 issue </span></a> </div> <p class="text-label color-gray mb-xs-3"> November 5, 2020 issue </p> </article> </div> </div> <div class="mb-xs-12"> <div class="author-block bg-yellow pt-xs-3 pl-xs-3 pr-xs-3 pt-lg-6 pl-lg-6 pr-lg-6 mb-xs-6"> <div class="d-flex"> <div class="author-info wrapped-link-ny-red"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/contributors/mark-lilla/" class="d-inline-block hover-border-ny-red text-decoration-none text-xs-22 font-giza mb-xs-2"><span>Mark Lilla</span></a> <p class="text-xs-16 mb-xs-4 color-black">Mark Lilla is the author of <i>The Shipwrecked Mind: On Political Reaction</i> and<i> Ignorance and Bliss: On Wanting Not to Know</i>, which will be published in December. (November 2024)</p> <div class="mb-xs-3 mb-lg-6"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="current-issue-mobile d-lg-none mb-xs-14"> <section class="current-issue"> <p class="font-giza color-ny-red mb-0">This Issue</p> <p class="font-giza color-black mb-xs-2">November 7, 2024</p> <div class="sidebar-issue d-block mb-xs-3 border-light-gray"> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/issues/2024/11/07/" class="cover"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/nyrb110724.jpg?w=165" srcset="https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/nyrb110724.jpg?w=165 165w, https://www.nybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/nyrb110724.jpg?w=330 330w" sizes="(max-width: 165px) 165px, 330px" class="mw-50 shadow-hover" alt="Image of the November 7, 2024 issue cover." > </a> </div> <article> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/where-freedom-ends-laurence-tribe/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-0"> <span class="text-small color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Laurence H. Tribe</strong></span> </div> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-3"> <p class="color-black card-title-ny-red">Where Freedom Ends</p> </div> </a> </article> <article> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/the-joke-turns-fearful-earnest-marilynne-robinson/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-0"> <span class="text-small color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Marilynne Robinson</strong></span> </div> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-3"> <p class="color-black card-title-ny-red">‘The Joke Turns Fearful Earnest’</p> </div> </a> </article> <article> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/the-coming-tech-autocracy-ai-needs-you-verity-harding/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-0"> <span class="text-small color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Sue Halpern</strong></span> </div> <div class="text-small semi-bold mb-xs-3"> <p class="color-black card-title-ny-red">The Coming Tech Autocracy</p> </div> </a> </article> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/issues/2024/11/07/" class="text-small semi-bold color-ny-red hover-border-ny-red hover-text-ny-red"> <span>All Contents</span> </a> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pagination foot"></div> <div class="footnotes d-none print-only"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 article-col"> <ol> <li id="fn-*" class="print-single-footnote"> <span class="marker">*</span> <p>Jonathan Weisman and Ruth Igielnik, “Poll Finds Race for White House Is Neck and Neck.”  <a href="#fnr-*" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote * in the text">↩</a></p> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="related-content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 text-center"> <p class="color-ny-red text-center mb-xs-5 mb-lg-12 border-yellow border-bottom-3 d-inline-block text-xs-30 text-lg-42 font-giza">Read Next</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-3 mb-xs-3 mb-lg-12"> <article class=""> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/11/07/the-joke-turns-fearful-earnest-marilynne-robinson/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-xs-1 color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"> <span class="color-ny-red text-small hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Marilynne Robinson</strong></span> </div> <p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">‘The Joke Turns Fearful Earnest’</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt">On taking democracy seriously</p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> November 7, 2024 issue </p> </a> <div class="rule-article d-lg-none"></div> </article> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-3 left-border-lg mb-xs-3 mb-lg-12"> <article class=""> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1963/12/26/the-fate-of-the-union-kennedy-and-after-2-2/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-xs-1 color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"> <span class="color-ny-red text-small hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Neal Ascherson</strong></span> </div> <p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">The Fate of the Union: Kennedy and After</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt"></p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> December 26, 1963 issue </p> </a> <div class="rule-article d-lg-none"></div> </article> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-3 left-border-lg mb-xs-3 mb-lg-12"> <article class=""> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1963/12/26/the-fate-of-the-union-kennedy-and-after-6/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-xs-1 color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"> <span class="color-ny-red text-small hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Norman Mailer</strong></span> </div> <p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">The Fate of the Union: Kennedy and After</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt"></p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> December 26, 1963 issue </p> </a> <div class="rule-article 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<p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">An Illegal War</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt"></p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> October 21, 2004 issue </p> </a> <div class="rule-article d-lg-none"></div> </article> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-3 left-border-lg mb-xs-3 mb-lg-12"> <article class=""> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2007/03/15/the-report-of-captain-secher/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-xs-1 color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"> <span class="color-ny-red text-small hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Robert Secher</strong></span> </div> <p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">The Report of Captain Secher</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt"></p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> March 15, 2007 issue </p> </a> <div class="rule-article d-lg-none"></div> </article> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-3 left-border-lg mb-xs-3 mb-lg-12"> <article class=""> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1972/12/14/if-the-fighting-had-taken-place-here/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-xs-1 color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"> <span class="color-ny-red text-small hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Jane Yett Kiely</strong></span> </div> <p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">If the Fighting Had Taken Place Here</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt"></p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> December 14, 1972 issue </p> </a> <div class="rule-article d-lg-none"></div> </article> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-3 left-border-lg mb-xs-3 mb-lg-12"> <article class=""> <a href="https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1963/11/28/vice-presidential-notes-the-6th-vice-presidential/" class="article-card"> <div class="text-small mb-xs-1 color-ny-red hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"> <span class="color-ny-red text-small hover-text-ny-red semi-bold"><strong>Xavier Prynne</strong></span> </div> <p class="h4 d-block mb-xs-1 card-title card-title-ny-red">Vice-Presidential Notes: (The 6th Vice-Presidential Note)</p> <p class="text-small mb-xs-1 article-card-excerpt"></p> <p class="text-label color-gray"> November 28, 1963 issue </p> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </section> </article> </section> <div class="toast-cta w-100 bg-white shadow to-activate"> <div class="pb-xs-3 pt-xs-3 position-relative"> <div class="toast-close"> <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.85752 12.21L2.29256 19.7172L0 17.4422L7.56496 9.93495L0.131114 2.55785L2.42368 0.282783L9.85752 7.65988L17.5763 0L19.8689 2.27506L12.1501 9.93495L20 17.7249L17.7074 20L9.85752 12.21Z" fill="#990101"/> </svg> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="short-width mx-auto position-relative"> <img class="toast-img" 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Another Change Election | Mark Lilla | The New York Review of Books