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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Moscow+Metro" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p>The <b>Moscow Metro</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">metro</a> system serving the <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> capital of <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> as well as the neighbouring cities of <a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reutov" title="Reutov">Reutov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyubertsy" title="Lyubertsy">Lyubertsy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kotelniki" title="Kotelniki">Kotelniki</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a>. Opened in 1935 with one 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) line and 13 stations, it was the first underground railway system in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. </p><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">Moscow Metro</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Komsomolskaya Station Central Hall"><img alt="Komsomolskaya Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/98px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/147px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/196px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6830" data-file-height="4553"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sokolniki Station Central Hall"><img alt="Sokolniki Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/98px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/147px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/196px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rumyantsevo Station Central Hall"><img alt="Rumyantsevo Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg/98px-Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg/147px-Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg/196px-Moscow_Rumyantsevo_Metro_station_04-2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3859" data-file-height="2573"></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arbatskaya Station (line 4) Surface Vestibule"><img alt="Arbatskaya Station (line 4) Surface Vestibule" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg/149px-Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg/224px-Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg/298px-Metro_MSK_Line4_Arbatskaya_Pavilion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3334"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kropotkinskaya Station Surface Vestibule"><img alt="Kropotkinskaya Station Surface Vestibule" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/149px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/224px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/298px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3921" data-file-height="2614"></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_(img1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arbatskaya Station (line 3) Central Hall"><img alt="Arbatskaya Station (line 3) Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_%28img1%29.jpg/98px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_%28img1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_%28img1%29.jpg/147px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_%28img1%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_%28img1%29.jpg/196px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Arbatskaya_%28img1%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Park Kultury Station Central Hall"><img alt="Park Kultury Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg/98px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg/147px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg/196px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Park_Kultury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ploschad Revolyutsii Station Central Hall"><img alt="Ploschad Revolyutsii Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/98px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/147px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/196px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Troparyovo Station Surface Vestibule"><img alt="Troparyovo Station Surface Vestibule" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg/149px-%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg/224px-%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg/298px-%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE_35.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Krasnye Vorota Station Surface Vestibule"><img alt="Krasnye Vorota Station Surface Vestibule" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg/149px-Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg/224px-Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg/298px-Moscow_KrasnyeVorota_1282.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3815" data-file-height="2545"></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biblioteka Imeni Lenina Station Central Hall"><img alt="Biblioteka Imeni Lenina Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg/98px-Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg/147px-Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg/196px-Bib-Lenina-mm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Troparyovo Station Central Hall"><img alt="Troparyovo Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg/98px-Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg/147px-Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg/196px-Troparyovo_MosMetro_station_02-2015_platform.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3747" data-file-height="2498"></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sokol Station Central Hall"><img alt="Sokol Station Central Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg/98px-Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg/147px-Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg/196px-Metro_MSK_Line2_Sokol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4700" data-file-height="3133"></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data">Московский метрополитен</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Moscow" title="Government of Moscow">Government of Moscow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area served</th><td class="infobox-data">Moscow</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data">Federal city of <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and<br>cities of <a href="/wiki/Kotelniki" title="Kotelniki">Kotelniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyubertsy" title="Lyubertsy">Lyubertsy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reutov" title="Reutov">Reutov</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a>, Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Transit type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of lines</th><td class="infobox-data">19 (including the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Monorail" title="Moscow Monorail">Moscow Monorail</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of stations</th><td class="infobox-data">297</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Daily ridership</th><td class="infobox-data">(average) 7.5 million<br> (highest, 26 Dec 2014) 9.715 million <sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual ridership</th><td class="infobox-data">2.5 billion (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Chief executive</th><td class="infobox-data">Viktor Kozlovsky</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mosmetro.ru/">mosmetro<wbr></wbr>.ru</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Operation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Began operation</th><td class="infobox-data">15 May 1935<span class="noprint">; 89 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1935-05-15</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">Moskovsky Metropoliten</i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Headway" title="Headway">Headway</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Peak hours: 1.3 - 1.7 mins<br>Off-peak: 2.5 - 10 minutes</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">Technical</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">System length</th><td class="infobox-data">519.4 km (322.7 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/5_ft_and_1520_mm_gauge_railways" title="5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">1,520 mm</span></a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">27</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification" title="Railway electrification">Electrification</a></th><td class="infobox-data">825 Volt DC <a href="/wiki/Third_rail" title="Third rail">third rail</a>,<br>3 kV DC <a href="/wiki/Overhead_line" title="Overhead line">overhead line</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average speed</th><td class="infobox-data">39.54 km/h (24.57 mph)<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Top speed</th><td class="infobox-data">80 km/h (50 mph)<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 0px;"><table style="width:100%; margin:0; border:none;" class="collapsible"> <tbody><tr style="background-color: #efefef;" class="infobox-header"><th style="text-align: center;">System map</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg/300px-Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg/450px-Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg/600px-Moscow_metro_lines_geographical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="683"></a></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of September 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Moscow Metro had 297 stations and 519.4 km (322.7 mi) of route length, excluding light rail Monorail,<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_metro_systems" title="List of metro systems">8th-longest in the world</a>, the longest in Europe and the longest outside China. It is also the only system with three circle lines.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system is mostly underground, with the deepest section 73 m (240 ft) underground at the <a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a> station, one of the world's deepest underground stations. It is the busiest metro system in Europe, the busiest in the world outside Asia, and is considered a tourist attraction in itself, thanks to its lavish interior decoration.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Moscow Metro is a world leader in the frequency of train traffic, as intervals during peak hours often do not exceed 90 seconds.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2023, Moscow was the first in the world to reduce the intervals of metro trains to 80 seconds, but in practice trains are not likely to exceed the 90 seconds interval.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Name"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Name</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Logo"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Logo</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Operations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Operations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Network"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Network</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Lines"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Lines</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Renamed_lines"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Renamed lines</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#First_four_stages_of_construction"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">First four stages of construction</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="#Stalinist_ideals_in_Metro's_history"><span class="tocnumber">5.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Stalinist ideals in Metro's history</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="#Bright_future_and_literal_brightness_in_the_Metro_of_Moscow"><span class="tocnumber">5.1.2</span> <span class="toctext"><i>Bright future</i> and literal brightness in the Metro of Moscow</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="#Industrialization"><span class="tocnumber">5.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Industrialization</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Mobilization"><span class="tocnumber">5.1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Mobilization</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Later_Soviet_stations"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Later Soviet stations</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><a href="#%22Fifth_stage%22_set_of_stations"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">"Fifth stage" set of stations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="#Nikita_Khrushchev's_era_of_cost_cutting"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Nikita Khrushchev's era of cost cutting</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-16"><a href="#Metro_stations_of_late_USSR"><span class="tocnumber">5.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Metro stations of late USSR</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Post-USSR_stations_of_the_modern_Russian_Federation"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Post-USSR stations of the modern Russian Federation</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-18"><a href="#Moscow_Central_Circle_urban_railway_(Line_14)"><span class="tocnumber">5.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Moscow Central Circle urban railway (Line 14)</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#MCD_(D_lines)"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">MCD (D lines)</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#Big_Circle_Line_(line_11)"><span class="tocnumber">5.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Big Circle Line (line 11)</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Expansions"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Expansions</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Current_plans"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Current plans</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Stations"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Stations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#Rolling_stock"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Rolling stock</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Trains_no_longer_in_operation"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">Trains no longer in operation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#Trains_in_operation"><span class="tocnumber">8.2</span> <span class="toctext">Trains in operation</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#Ticketing"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Ticketing</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="#History_of_the_ticketing_system"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">History of the ticketing system</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="#Contemporary_ticketing_system"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">Contemporary ticketing system</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="#Fares"><span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">Fares</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="#Passenger_services"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Passenger services</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-32"><a href="#Passenger_Mobility_Center"><span class="tocnumber">10.1</span> <span class="toctext">Passenger Mobility Center</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><a href="#Wayfinding"><span class="tocnumber">10.2</span> <span class="toctext">Wayfinding</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="#Digital_services"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Digital services</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="#Mobile_app"><span class="tocnumber">11.1</span> <span class="toctext">Mobile app</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-36"><a href="#Chatbot"><span class="tocnumber">11.2</span> <span class="toctext">Chatbot</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-37"><a href="#Statistics"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Statistics</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-38"><a href="#Notable_incidents"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Notable incidents</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-39"><a href="#1977_bombing"><span class="tocnumber">13.1</span> <span class="toctext">1977 bombing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-40"><a href="#1981_station_fires"><span class="tocnumber">13.2</span> <span class="toctext">1981 station fires</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-41"><a href="#1982_escalator_accident"><span class="tocnumber">13.3</span> <span class="toctext">1982 escalator accident</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><a href="#1996_murder"><span class="tocnumber">13.4</span> <span class="toctext">1996 murder</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-43"><a href="#2000_bombings"><span class="tocnumber">13.5</span> <span class="toctext">2000 bombings</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-44"><a href="#2004_bombings"><span class="tocnumber">13.6</span> <span class="toctext">2004 bombings</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-45"><a href="#2005_Moscow_blackout"><span class="tocnumber">13.7</span> <span class="toctext">2005 Moscow blackout</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-46"><a href="#2006_billboard_incident"><span class="tocnumber">13.8</span> <span class="toctext">2006 billboard incident</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-47"><a href="#2010_bombing"><span class="tocnumber">13.9</span> <span class="toctext">2010 bombing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-48"><a href="#2014_pile_incident"><span class="tocnumber">13.10</span> <span class="toctext">2014 pile incident</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-49"><a href="#2014_derailment"><span class="tocnumber">13.11</span> <span class="toctext">2014 derailment</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-50"><a href="#Metro-2"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Metro-2</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-51"><a href="#In_popular_culture"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">In popular culture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-52"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-53"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">17</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-54"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">18</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-55"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">19</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-56"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">20</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>The full legal name of the metro has been <b>Moscow <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lenin" title="Order of Lenin">Order of Lenin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Red_Banner_of_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the Red Banner of Labor">Order of the Red Banner of Labor</a> <a href="/wiki/V.I._Lenin" class="mw-redirect" title="V.I. Lenin">V.I. Lenin</a> Metro</b> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Московский ордена Ленина и ордена Трудового Красного Знамени метрополитен имени В.И. Ленина</span></span>) since 1955. This is usually shortened to <b>V.I. Lenin Metro</b> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Метрополитен им. В.И. Ленина</span></span>). This shorter official name appears on many stations. Although there were proposals to remove Lenin from the official name, it still stands. During the 1990s and 2000s, Lenin's name was excluded from the signage on newly built and reconstructed stations. In 2016, a Metro representative stated that Lenin's name would remain on station name plates as it aligns with the official name of the company, unchanged since the Soviet era.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first official name of the metro was <b>L. M. Kaganovich Metro</b> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Метрополитен им. Л.М. Кагановича</span></span>) after <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a><sup id="cite_ref-Kaganovich_name_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaganovich_name-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (see <i>History</i> section). However, when the Metro was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lenin" title="Order of Lenin">Order of Lenin</a>, it was officially renamed <b>Moscow Order of Lenin L. M. Kaganovich Metro</b> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Московский ордена Ленина Метрополитен им. Л. М. Кагановича</span></span>) in 1947. When the metro was renamed in 1955, the <a href="/wiki/Okhotny_Ryad_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Okhotny Ryad (Moscow Metro)">Okhotny Ryad</a> station was renamed as "Imeni Kaganovicha" in honor of Lazar Kaganovich. In 1957, the original <i>Okhotny Ryad</i> name of the station was reinstated.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Logo">Logo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Logo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>The first line of the Moscow Metro was launched in 1935, complete with the first <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a>, the capital M paired with the text "МЕТРО". There is no accurate information about the author of the logo, so it is often attributed to the architects of the first stations – Samuil Kravets, Ivan Taranov and Nadezhda Bykova. At the opening in 1935, the M letter on the logo had no definite shape.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the Moscow Metro adopted a standardized logo of the network as part of a broader rebranding of the Moscow Transport.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Operations"><span class="anchor" id="Description_of_the_Metro"></span>Operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The Moscow Metro, a <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">state-owned enterprise</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is 449 km (279 mi) long and consists of 15 lines and 263 stations<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> organized in a <a href="/wiki/Spoke-hub_distribution_paradigm" class="mw-redirect" title="Spoke-hub distribution paradigm">spoke-hub distribution paradigm</a>, with the majority of rail lines running radially from the centre of Moscow to the outlying areas. The <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Koltsevaya Line">Koltsevaya Line</a> (line 5) forms a 20-kilometre (12 mi) long circle which enables passenger travel between these diameters, and the new <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a> (line 14) and even newer <a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="Bolshaya Koltsevaya line">Bolshaya Koltsevaya line</a> (line 11) form a 54-kilometre (34 mi) and 57-kilometre (35 mi) long circles respectively that serve a similar purpose on middle periphery.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most stations and lines are underground, but some lines have at-grade and elevated sections; the <a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Filyovskaya Line">Filyovskaya Line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Butovskaya Line">Butovskaya Line</a> and the Central Circle Line are the three lines that are at grade or mostly at grade. </p><p>The Moscow Metro uses <span class="nowrap">1,520 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">27</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> in</span>) <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russian_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian gauge">Russian gauge</a></span>, like other Russian railways, and an underrunning <a href="/wiki/Third_rail" title="Third rail">third rail</a> with a supply of 825 Volts <a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> except lines 13 and 14, the former being a monorail, and the latter being directly connected to the mainlines with 3000V DC overhead lines, as is typical. The average distance between stations is 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi); the shortest (502 metres (1,647 ft) long) section is between <a href="/wiki/Delovoy_Tsentr_(Filyovskaya_line)" title="Delovoy Tsentr (Filyovskaya line)">Delovoy Tsentr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mezhdunarodnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezhdunarodnaya (Moscow Metro)">Mezhdunarodnaya</a>, and the longest (6.62 kilometres (4.11 mi) long) is between <a href="/wiki/Krylatskoye_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Krylatskoye (Moscow Metro)">Krylatskoye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strogino_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strogino (Moscow Metro)">Strogino</a>. Long distances between stations have the positive effect of a high cruising speed of 41.7 kilometres per hour (25.9 mph). </p><p>The Moscow Metro opens at 05:25 and closes at 01:00.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exact opening time varies at different stations according to the arrival of the first train, but all stations simultaneously close their entrances at 01:00 for maintenance, and so do transfer corridors. The minimum interval between trains is 90 seconds during the morning and evening rush hours.<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2017, the system had an average daily ridership of 6.99 million passengers. Peak daily ridership of 9.71 million was recorded on 26 December 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Free <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a> has been available on all lines of the Moscow Metro since 2 December 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Network">Network</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Network" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>Map all coordinates in "Category:Moscow Metro stations" using</b> <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/osm4wiki/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=en&article=Category%3AMoscow+Metro+stations">OpenStreetMap</a> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="show links" data-collapsetext="Hide"> <p><b>Download coordinates as:</b> </p> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/kmlexport?article=Category%3AMoscow+Metro+stations">KML</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=all&titles=Category%3AMoscow+Metro+stations">GPX (all coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=primary&titles=Category%3AMoscow+Metro+stations">GPX (primary coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=secondary&titles=Category%3AMoscow+Metro+stations">GPX (secondary coordinates)</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg&lang=en" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg/762px-Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg.png" decoding="async" width="762" height="1063" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="1840"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 762px;height: 1063px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg/762px-Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg.png" data-width="762" data-height="1063" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg/1144px-Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg/1525px-Moscow_metro_map_sb.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Topological diagram of Moscow Metro, Moscow monorail (line 13) and Moscow Central Circle (line 14) with future plans.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lines">Lines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lines" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/220px-seek%3D347-Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="419" data-mwtitle="Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-width="1920" data-height="1080"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.360p.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm/Moscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360"></source><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AMoscow_metro_tunnels_-_view_from_cab_of_Synergy_train.webm&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr"></track></video></span><figcaption>A Moscow Metro train passes through <a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_line" title="Sokolnicheskaya line">Sokolnicheskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Koltsevaya Line">Koltsevaya</a> lines. View from the driver's cabin</figcaption></figure> <p>Each line is identified by a name, an alphanumeric index (usually consisting of just a number, and sometimes a letter suffix), and a colour.<sup id="cite_ref-lj229066_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lj229066-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The colour assigned to each line is its colloquial identifier, except for the nondescript greens and blues assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="Bolshaya Koltsevaya line">Bolshaya Koltsevaya</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_line" title="Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line">Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_line" title="Butovskaya line">Butovskaya lines</a> (lines 11, 10, and 12, respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upcoming station is announced by a male voice on inbound trains to the city center (on the <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Koltsevaya Line">Circle line</a>, the clockwise trains), and by a female voice on outbound trains (anti-clockwise trains on the Circle line).<sup id="cite_ref-lj229066_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lj229066-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The metro has a connection to the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Monorail" title="Moscow Monorail">Moscow Monorail</a>, a 4.7-kilometre (2.9 mi), six-station <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Monorail_Transit_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Monorail Transit System">monorail line</a> between <a href="/wiki/Timiryazevskaya_(Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya_line)" title="Timiryazevskaya (Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line)">Timiryazevskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/VDNKh_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="VDNKh (Metro)">VDNKh</a> which opened in January 2008. Prior to the official opening, the monorail had operated in "excursion mode" since 2004. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Lines of Moscow Metro </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Icon </th> <th colspan="2">Line Name </th> <th rowspan="2">First opened </th> <th rowspan="2">Latest<br>extension </th> <th rowspan="2">Length<br>(km) </th> <th rowspan="2">Stations </th> <th rowspan="2">Avg. dist. </th></tr> <tr> <th>English </th> <th>Russian </th></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#1 Sokolnicheskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_line" title="#1 Sokolnicheskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#1 Sokolnicheskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg.png" data-alt="#1 Sokolnicheskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_1.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_line" title="Sokolnicheskaya line">Sokolnicheskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Сокольническая </td> <td>1935 </td> <td>2024<span style="display:none">-09-05</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">43.4 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">27 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.61 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#2 Zamoskvoretskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_line" title="#2 Zamoskvoretskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#2 Zamoskvoretskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg.png" data-alt="#2 Zamoskvoretskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_line" title="Zamoskvoretskaya line">Zamoskvoretskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Замоскворецкая </td> <td>1938<span style="display:none">-09</span> </td> <td>2018 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">42.8 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">24 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.86 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_line" title="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png" data-alt="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_line" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Арбатско-Покровская </td> <td>1938<span style="display:none">-03</span> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">45.1 </td> <td style="text-align: right">22 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#4 Filyovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_line" title="#4 Filyovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#4 Filyovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg.png" data-alt="#4 Filyovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_4.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_line" title="Filyovskaya line">Filyovskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Филёвская </td> <td><span data-sort-value="1958 !">1958 (1935)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">14.9 </td> <td style="text-align: right">13 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.24 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#5 Koltsevaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_line" title="#5 Koltsevaya line"><noscript><img alt="#5 Koltsevaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png" data-alt="#5 Koltsevaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_line" title="Koltsevaya line">Koltsevaya</a> (Circle) </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Кольцевая </td> <td>1950 </td> <td>1954 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">19.3 </td> <td style="text-align: right">12 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.61 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#6 Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_line" title="#6 Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#6 Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg.png" data-alt="#6 Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_6.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_line" title="Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line">Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Калужско-Рижская </td> <td>1958 </td> <td>1990 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">37.8 </td> <td style="text-align: right">24 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.63 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#7 Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya_line" title="#7 Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#7 Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg.png" data-alt="#7 Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_7.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya_line" title="Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line">Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Таганско-Краснопресненская </td> <td>1966 </td> <td>2015<span style="display:none">-08</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">42.2 </td> <td style="text-align: right">23 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.92 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#8 Kalininskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_line" title="#8 Kalininskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#8 Kalininskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png" data-alt="#8 Kalininskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line" title="Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line">Kalininskaya</a><sup id="cite_ref-kalinin_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalinin-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Калининская </td> <td>1979 </td> <td>2012 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">16.3 </td> <td style="text-align: right">8 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.36 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#8A Solntsevskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Solntsevskaya_line" title="#8A Solntsevskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#8A Solntsevskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg.png" data-alt="#8A Solntsevskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8A.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line" title="Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line">Solntsevskaya</a><sup id="cite_ref-kalinin_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalinin-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Солнцевская </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>2023<span style="display:none">-01</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">28.3 </td> <td style="text-align: right">14 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#9 Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya_line" title="#9 Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#9 Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg.png" data-alt="#9 Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_9.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya_line" title="Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line">Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Серпуховско-Тимирязевская </td> <td>1983 </td> <td>2002 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">41.5 </td> <td style="text-align: right">25 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.72 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_line" title="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png" data-alt="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_line" title="Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line">Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Люблинско-Дмитровская </td> <td>1995 </td> <td>2023 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">44.3 </td> <td style="text-align: right">26 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.77 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="#11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line"><noscript><img alt="#11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg.png" data-alt="#11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_11.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="Bolshaya Koltsevaya line">Bolshaya Koltsevaya</a> (Big Circle) </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Большая кольцевая </td> <td>2018 </td> <td>2023 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">57.5 </td> <td style="text-align: right">29 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.98 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#12 Butovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_line" title="#12 Butovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#12 Butovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg.png" data-alt="#12 Butovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_12.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_line" title="Butovskaya line">Butovskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Бутовская </td> <td>2003 </td> <td>2014<span style="display:none">-02</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">10.0 </td> <td style="text-align: right">7 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.67 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#14 Moscow Central Circle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="#14 Moscow Central Circle"><noscript><img alt="#14 Moscow Central Circle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg.png" data-alt="#14 Moscow Central Circle" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_14.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Московское центральное кольцо </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>2016 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">54.0 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">31 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.74 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#15 Nekrasovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nekrasovskaya_line" title="#15 Nekrasovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#15 Nekrasovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg.png" data-alt="#15 Nekrasovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_15.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nekrasovskaya_line" title="Nekrasovskaya line">Nekrasovskaya</a> </td> <td>Некрасовская </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>2020 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">14.0 </td> <td style="text-align: right">8 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.75 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#16 Troitskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="#16 Troitskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#16 Troitskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" data-alt="#16 Troitskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="Troitskaya line">Troitskaya</a> </td> <td>Троицкая </td> <td>2024<span style="display:none">-09-06</span> </td> <td>2024<span style="display:none">-09-06</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">7.2<span style="display:none">47</span> </td> <td style="text-align: right">4 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1.81 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: center;" colspan="5">Total </th> <th style="text-align: right">519.4 </th> <th style="text-align: right">297 </th> <th style="text-align: right">1.75 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8">Light rail </th></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#13 Moscow Monorail"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Monorail" title="#13 Moscow Monorail"><noscript><img alt="#13 Moscow Monorail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg.png" data-alt="#13 Moscow Monorail" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_13.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Monorail" title="Moscow Monorail">Monorail</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Монорельс </td> <td>2004 </td> <td>2004 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">4.7 </td> <td style="text-align: right">6 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">0.94 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8">Other urban rail lines <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#D1 Line D1 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Line_D1_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="#D1 Line D1 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><noscript><img alt="#D1 Line D1 (Moscow Central Diameters)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="257"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 24px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg.png" data-alt="#D1 Line D1 (Moscow Central Diameters)" data-width="24" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg/48px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D1.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Line_D1_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="Line D1 (Moscow Central Diameters)">Belorussko-Savyolovsky diameter</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Белорусско-Савёловский диаметр </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>2020 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">52 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">25 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#D2 Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Line_D2_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="#D2 Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><noscript><img alt="#D2 Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="257"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 24px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg.png" data-alt="#D2 Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters)" data-width="24" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg/48px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Line_D2_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters)">Kursko-Rizhsky diameter</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Курско-Рижский диаметр </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>2023 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">80 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">37 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#D3 Line D3 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Line_D3_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="#D3 Line D3 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><noscript><img alt="#D3 Line D3 (Moscow Central Diameters)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="258"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 24px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg.png" data-alt="#D3 Line D3 (Moscow Central Diameters)" data-width="24" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg/48px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D3.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Line_D3_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="Line D3 (Moscow Central Diameters)">Leningradsko-Kazansky diameter</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Ленинградско-Казанский диаметр </td> <td>2023 </td> <td>2024 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">85 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">40 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#D4 Line D4 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Line_D4_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="#D4 Line D4 (Moscow Central Diameters)"><noscript><img alt="#D4 Line D4 (Moscow Central Diameters)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="258"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 24px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg/24px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg.png" data-alt="#D4 Line D4 (Moscow Central Diameters)" data-width="24" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg/48px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_D4.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Line_D4_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="Line D4 (Moscow Central Diameters)">Kaluzhsko-Nizhegorodsky diameter</a> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Калужско-Нижегородский диаметр </td> <td>2023 </td> <td>2023 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">86 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">36 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2.39 </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th colspan="5" style="text-align: center;">Total </th> <th style="text-align: right;">827.1 </th> <th style="text-align: right">441 </th> <th style="text-align: right;">1.88 </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="8"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Four central stations of the Filyovskaya Line – <a href="/wiki/Alexandrovsky_Sad_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrovsky Sad (Moscow Metro)">Alexandrovsky Sad</a> (formerly Imeni Kominterna), <a href="/wiki/Arbatskaya_(Filyovskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbatskaya (Filyovskaya Line)">Arbatskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smolenskaya_(Filyovskaya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Smolenskaya (Filyovskaya)">Smolenskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kiyevskaya_(Filyovskaya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiyevskaya (Filyovskaya)">Kiyevskaya</a> – were originally opened in 1935–1937, when they were a branch of the Sokolnicheskaya Line. Between 1938 and 1953, they were part of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line. The stations were closed between 1953 and 1958 and then reopened as part of the (new) Filyovskaya Line. A line branching off the Filyovskaya is in operation (as of July 2009), starting from the Alexsandrovsky Sad Station and continuing on the Filyovskaya Line to Kiyevskaya Station, where it departs to stop at the (new) <a href="/wiki/Vystavochnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vystavochnaya">Vystavochnaya</a> and Mezhdunarodnaya Stations.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kalinin-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kalinin_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kalinin_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line currently operates as two separate sections, between <a href="/wiki/Novokosino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Novokosino (Moscow Metro)">Novokosino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tretyakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tretyakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Tretyakovskaya</a> and between <a href="/wiki/Aeroport_Vnukovo_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Aeroport Vnukovo (Moscow Metro)">Aeroport Vnukovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delovoy_Tsentr_(Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line)" title="Delovoy Tsentr (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line)">Delovoy Tsentr</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(MCC) Operated by Moscow Metro, though the service is outsourced to <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">Russian Railways</a>. Uses the same fares and tickets as the metro system allowing for free transfers between the Central Circle and Moscow Metro proper.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A light rail line operated by Moscow Metro. It was integrated into the Metro system as Line 13 in 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Suburban trains that are integrated into metro system within future boundaries of MCD. Dedicated metro lines alongside are under construction.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p>Also, from 11 August 1969 to 26 October 2019, the Moscow Metro included <a href="/wiki/Kakhovskaya_line" title="Kakhovskaya line">Kakhovskaya line</a> 3.3 km (2.1 mi) long with 3 stations, which closed for a long reconstruction. On 7 December 2021, <a href="/wiki/Kakhovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kakhovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Kakhovskaya</a> is reopened after reconstruction as part of the <a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="Bolshaya Koltsevaya line">Bolshaya Koltsevaya line</a>. The renewed Varshavskaya and Kashirskaya stations reopened as part of the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line, which became fully functional on 1 March 2023. Its new stations included Pechatniki, Nagatinsky Zaton and Klenovy Bulvar.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Renamed_lines">Renamed lines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Renamed lines" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_line" title="Sokolnicheskaya line">Sokolnicheskaya line</a> was previously named Kirovsko-Fruzenskaya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_line" title="Zamoskvoretskaya line">Zamoskvoretskaya line</a> was previously named Gorkovsko-Zamoskvoretskaya.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_line" title="Filyovskaya line">Filyovskaya line</a> was previously named Arbatsko-Filyovskaya.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya_line" title="Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line">Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line</a> was previously named Zhdanovsko-Krasnopresnenskaya</li></ul> <p><br> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Expansion_timeline_of_the_Moscow_Metro" title="Expansion timeline of the Moscow Metro">Expansion timeline of the Moscow Metro</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="Typewritten document on yellowing paper, with handwritten notes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/170px-%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="223" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="800"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 223px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/170px-%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg" data-alt="Typewritten document on yellowing paper, with handwritten notes" data-width="170" data-height="223" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/255px-%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg/340px-%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0._1932_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Government of the Soviet Union">Soviet government</a> resolution to construct the Moscow Metro</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_1935_496.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Stamp_1935_496.jpg/220px-Stamp_1935_496.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="322"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 157px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Stamp_1935_496.jpg/220px-Stamp_1935_496.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="157" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Stamp_1935_496.jpg/330px-Stamp_1935_496.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Stamp_1935_496.jpg/440px-Stamp_1935_496.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>1935 Soviet stamp marking the opening of the first Moscow metro line</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:408px;max-width:408px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/200px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3921" data-file-height="2614"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/200px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/300px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg/400px-Moscow_Kropotkinskaya_vestibule_07-2016.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Vestibule of the <a href="/wiki/Kropotkinskaya" title="Kropotkinskaya">Kropotkinskaya</a> station in 2016, with the official name of the metro "V.I. Lenin Metro" (Метрополитен имени В.И. Ленина)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB,_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg/200px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg/200px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg/300px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg/400px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%C2%BB%2C_1935.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The same vestibule in 1935, with the previous name of the metro: "L.M. Kaganovich Metro" (Метро им. Л.М. Кагановича)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The first plans for a metro system in Moscow date back to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> but were postponed by <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>. In 1923, the Moscow City Council formed the Underground Railway Design Office at the Moscow Board of Urban Railways. It carried out preliminary studies, and by 1928 had developed a project for the first route from Sokolniki to the city centre. At the same time, an offer was made to the German company Siemens Bauunion to submit its own project for the same route. In June 1931, the decision to begin construction of the Moscow Metro was made by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a>. In January 1932 the plan for the first lines was approved, and on 21 March 1933 the Soviet government approved a plan for 10 lines with a total route length of 80 km (50 mi). </p><p>The first lines were built using the Moscow general plan designed by <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a>, along with his project managers (notably Ivan M. Kuznetsov and, later, Isaac Y. Segal) in the 1930s–1950s, and the Metro was named after him until 1955 <i>(<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">Metropoliten im. L.M. Kaganovicha</i></span>)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaganovich_name_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaganovich_name-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Moscow Metro construction engineers consulted with their counterparts from the <a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a>, the world's oldest metro system, in 1936: British architect <a href="/wiki/Charles_Holden" title="Charles Holden">Charles Holden</a> and administrator <a href="/wiki/Frank_Pick" title="Frank Pick">Frank Pick</a> had been working on the station developments of the <a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Piccadilly Line">Piccadilly Line</a> extension, and Soviet delegates to London were impressed by Holden's thoroughly modern redeployment of classical elements and use of high-quality materials for the circular ticket hall of <a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Circus_tube_station" title="Piccadilly Circus tube station">Piccadilly Circus</a>, and so engaged Pick and Holden as advisors to Moscow's metro system.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson2018_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson2018-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Partly because of this connection, the design of <a href="/wiki/Gants_Hill_tube_station" title="Gants Hill tube station">Gants Hill tube station</a>, which was completed in 1947, is reminiscent of a Moscow Metro station. Indeed, Holden's homage to Moscow has been described as a gesture of gratitude for the USSR's helpful role in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">The Second World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soviet workers did the labour and the art work, but the main engineering designs, routes, and construction plans were handled by specialists recruited from London Underground. The British called for tunnelling instead of the "<a href="/wiki/Cut-and-cover" class="mw-redirect" title="Cut-and-cover">cut-and-cover</a>" technique, the use of <a href="/wiki/Escalators" class="mw-redirect" title="Escalators">escalators</a> instead of lifts, the routes and the design of the rolling stock.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The paranoia of the <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a> was evident when the secret police arrested numerous British engineers for <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">espionage</a> because they gained an in-depth knowledge of the city's physical layout. Engineers for the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan-Vickers" title="Metropolitan-Vickers">Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Company</a> (Metrovick) were given a <a href="/wiki/Show_trial" title="Show trial">show trial</a> and deported in 1933, ending the role of British business in the USSR.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_four_stages_of_construction">First four stages of construction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: First four stages of construction" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> 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data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="785"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 144px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="144" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Women's construction brigade led by Tatyana Viktorovna Fyodorova during construction of the second line of the Moscow metro, 1936</figcaption></figure> <p>The first line was opened to the public on 15 May 1935 at 07:00 am.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) long and included 13 stations. The day was celebrated as a technological and ideological victory for <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">socialism</a> (and, by extension, <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a>). An estimated 285,000 people rode the Metro at its debut, and its design was greeted with pride; street celebrations included parades, plays and concerts. The <a href="/wiki/Bolshoi_Theatre" title="Bolshoi Theatre">Bolshoi Theatre</a> presented a choral performance by 2,200 Metro workers; 55,000 colored posters (lauding the Metro as the busiest and fastest in the world) and 25,000 copies of "Songs of the Joyous Metro Conquerors" were distributed.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697–724_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Moscow Metro averaged 47 km/h (29 mph) and had a top speed of 80 km/h (50 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In comparison, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> trains averaged a slower 25 miles per hour (40 km/h) and had a top speed of 45 miles per hour (72 km/h).<sup id="cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697–724_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the celebration was an expression of popular joy it was also an effective propaganda display, legitimizing the Metro and declaring it a success. </p><p>The initial line connected <a href="/wiki/Sokolniki_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokolniki (Metro)">Sokolniki</a> to <a href="/wiki/Okhotny_Ryad_(metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Okhotny Ryad (metro)">Okhotny Ryad</a> then branching to <a href="/wiki/Park_Kultury-Radialnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Park Kultury-Radialnaya">Park Kultury</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smolenskaya_(Filyovskaya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Smolenskaya (Filyovskaya)">Smolenskaya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter branch was extended westwards to a new station (<a href="/wiki/Kiyevskaya_(Filyovskaya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiyevskaya (Filyovskaya)">Kiyevskaya</a>) in March 1937, the first Metro line crossing the <a href="/wiki/Moskva_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Moskva River">Moskva River</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Smolensky_Metro_Bridge" title="Smolensky Metro Bridge">Smolensky Metro Bridge</a>. </p><p>The second stage was completed before the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">war</a>. In March 1938, the Arbatskaya branch was split and extended to the <a href="/wiki/Kurskaya-Radialnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurskaya-Radialnaya">Kurskaya</a> station (now the dark-blue <a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line</a>). In September 1938, the <a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamoskvoretskaya Line">Gorkovskaya Line</a> opened between <a href="/wiki/Sokol_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokol (Metro)">Sokol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teatralnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Teatralnaya (Moscow Metro)">Teatralnaya</a>. Here the architecture was based on that of the most popular stations in existence (Krasniye Vorota, Okhotnyi Ryad and Kropotkinskaya); while following the popular art-deco style, it was merged with socialist themes. The first <a href="/wiki/Deep_column_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep column station">deep-level column station</a> <a href="/wiki/Mayakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Mayakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Mayakovskaya</a> was built at the same time. </p><p>Building work on the third stage was delayed (but not interrupted) during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, and two Metro sections were put into service; <a href="/wiki/Teatralnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Teatralnaya (Moscow Metro)">Teatralnaya</a>–<a href="/wiki/Avtozavodskaya_(Zamoskvoretskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avtozavodskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya Line)">Avtozavodskaya</a> (three stations, crossing the Moskva River through a deep tunnel) and <a href="/wiki/Kurskaya-Radialnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurskaya-Radialnaya">Kurskaya</a>–<a href="/wiki/Partizanskaya_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partizanskaya (Metro)">Partizanskaya</a> (four stations) were inaugurated in 1943 and 1944 respectively. War motifs replaced socialist visions in the architectural design of these stations. During the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moscow" title="Battle of Moscow">Siege of Moscow</a> in the fall and winter of 1941, Metro stations were used as air-raid shelters; the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_the_USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Ministers of the USSR">Council of Ministers</a> moved its offices to the <a href="/wiki/Mayakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Mayakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Mayakovskaya</a> platforms, where Stalin made public speeches on several occasions. The <a href="/wiki/Chistye_Prudy_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chistye Prudy (Metro)">Chistiye Prudy</a> station was also walled off, and the headquarters of the Air Defence established there. </p><p>After the war ended in 1945, construction began on the fourth stage of the Metro, which included the <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Koltsevaya Line">Koltsevaya Line</a>, a deep part of the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line from <a href="/wiki/Ploshchad_Revolyutsii" class="mw-redirect" title="Ploshchad Revolyutsii">Ploshchad Revolyutsii</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kievskaya_(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kievskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya)">Kievskaya</a> and a surface extension to <a href="/wiki/Pervomaiskaya_(closed)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pervomaiskaya (closed)">Pervomaiskaya</a> during the early 1950s. The decoration and design characteristic of the Moscow Metro is considered to have reached its zenith in these stations. The <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Koltsevaya Line">Koltsevaya Line</a> was first planned as a line running under the <a href="/wiki/Garden_Ring" title="Garden Ring">Garden Ring</a>, a wide avenue encircling the borders of Moscow's city centre. The first part of the line – from <a href="/wiki/Park_Kultury_(Koltsevaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Park Kultury (Koltsevaya Line)">Park Kultury</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kurskaya_(Koltsevaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurskaya (Koltsevaya Line)">Kurskaya</a> (1950) – follows this avenue. Plans were later changed and the northern part of the ring line runs 1–1.5 kilometres (0.62–0.93 mi) outside the Sadovoye Koltso, thus providing service for seven (out of nine) rail terminals. The next part of the Koltsevaya Line opened in 1952 (Kurskaya–<a href="/wiki/Belorusskaya-Koltsevaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Belorusskaya-Koltsevaya">Belorusskaya</a>), and in 1954 the ring line was completed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Stalinist_ideals_in_Metro's_history"><span id="Stalinist_ideals_in_Metro.27s_history"></span>Stalinist ideals in Metro's history</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Stalinist ideals in Metro's history" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Stalinist_architecture" title="Stalinist architecture">Stalinist architecture</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/220px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/220px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/330px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg/440px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sokolniki.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sokolniki_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokolniki (Moscow Metro)">Sokolniki</a> station, Line 1. Opened in 1935 (the first stage)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg/220px-Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2357"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 123px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg/220px-Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="123" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg/330px-Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg/440px-Metro_Krasnye_Vorota.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Krasnye_Vorota_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Krasnye Vorota (Moscow Metro)">Krasnye Vorota</a>, also opened in 1935 (the first stage) as part of Sokolnicheskaya line, e.g. Line 1</figcaption></figure></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: left; float:left;margin:0 1.5em 1.5em 0;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" data-alt="video icon" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DTDQ62dSMjg">Moscow Metro opening, Soviet Archive Footage</a></td></tr></tbody></table><p> When the Metro opened in 1935, it immediately became the centrepiece of the transportation system (as opposed to horse-carried barrows still widely used in 1930s Moscow). It also became the prototype, the vision for future Soviet large-scale technologies. The artwork of the 13 original stations became nationally and internationally famous. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Teatralnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Teatralnaya (Moscow Metro)">Sverdlov Square</a> subway station featured porcelain bas-reliefs depicting the daily life of the Soviet peoples, and the bas-reliefs at the Dynamo Stadium sports complex glorified sports and physical prowess on the powerful new <i>"<a href="/wiki/Homo_Sovieticus" title="Homo Sovieticus">Homo Sovieticus</a>"</i> (Soviet man).<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The metro was touted as the symbol of the new social order – a sort of Communist cathedral of engineering modernity.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg/220px-Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3320" data-file-height="4662"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 309px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg/220px-Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="309" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg/330px-Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg/440px-Vertical_panorama_of_the_Mayakovskaya_Metro_Station.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mayakovskaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayakovskaya">Mayakovskaya</a> station. Opened in 1938 (the second stage)</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg/220px-Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7423" data-file-height="4639"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 137px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg/220px-Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="137" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg/330px-Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg/440px-Moscow_Elektrozavodskaya_metro_station_asv2018-09.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Elektrozavodskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektrozavodskaya (Moscow Metro)">Elektrozavodskaya</a> station. Opened in 1944 (the third stage)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Metro was also iconic for showcasing <a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist Realism</a> in public art. The method was influenced by <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Chernyshevsky" title="Nikolay Chernyshevsky">Nikolay Chernyshevsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lenin" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenin">Lenin</a>'s favorite 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Nihilist_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Nihilist movement">nihilist</a>, who stated that "art is no useful unless it serves politics".<sup id="cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697–724_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This maxim sums up the reasons why the stations combined aesthetics, technology and ideology: any plan which did not incorporate all three areas cohesively was rejected. </p> <ul><li><i>Kaganovich was in charge; he designed the subway so that citizens would absorb the values and ethos of Stalinist civilization as they rode. Without this cohesion, the Metro would not reflect Socialist Realism. If the Metro did not utilize Socialist Realism, it would fail to illustrate Stalinist values and transform Soviet citizens into socialists. Anything less than Socialist Realism's grand artistic complexity would fail to inspire a long-lasting, nationalistic attachment to Stalin's new society.</i><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Socialist Realism was in fact a method, not exactly a style.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_1997_137–160_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_1997_137%E2%80%93160-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bright_future_and_literal_brightness_in_the_Metro_of_Moscow"><i>Bright future</i> and literal brightness in the Metro of Moscow</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bright future and literal brightness in the Metro of Moscow" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The Moscow Metro was one of the USSR's most ambitious architectural projects. The metro's artists and architects worked to design a structure that embodied <i>svet</i> (literally "light", figuratively "radiance" or "brilliance") and <i>svetloe budushchee</i> (a well-lit/radiant/bright future).<sup id="cite_ref-Cooke_1997_137–160_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooke_1997_137%E2%80%93160-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With their reflective marble walls, high ceilings and grand chandeliers, many Moscow Metro stations have been likened to an "artificial underground sun".<sup id="cite_ref-Bowlt_2002_34–63_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowlt_2002_34%E2%80%9363-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This palatial underground environment<sup id="cite_ref-Bowlt_2002_34–63_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowlt_2002_34%E2%80%9363-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reminded Metro users their taxes were spent on materializing <i>bright future</i>; also, <a href="/wiki/Stalinist_architecture" title="Stalinist architecture">the design</a> was useful for demonstrating the extra structural strength of the underground works (as in Metro doubling as <a href="/wiki/Bunker" title="Bunker">bunkers</a>, bomb shelters). </p><p>The chief lighting engineer was Abram Damsky, a graduate of the Higher State Art-Technical Institute in Moscow. By 1930 he was a chief designer in Moscow's Elektrosvet Factory, and during World War II was sent to the <i>Metrostroi</i> (Metro Construction) Factory as head of the lighting shop.<sup id="cite_ref-Damsky_1987_90–111_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Damsky_1987_90%E2%80%93111-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Damsky recognized the importance of efficiency, as well as the potential for light as an expressive form. His team experimented with different materials (most often cast bronze, aluminum, sheet brass, steel, and milk glass) and methods to optimize the technology.<sup id="cite_ref-Damsky_1987_90–111_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Damsky_1987_90%E2%80%93111-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Damsky's discourse on "Lamps and Architecture 1930–1950" describes in detail the epic chandeliers installed in the Taganskaya Station and the Kaluzhskaia station (<i>Oktyabrskaya</i> nowadays, not to be confused with contemporary "Kaluzhskaya" station on line 6). The work of Abram Damsky further publicized these ideas hoping people would associate the party with the idea of <i>bright</i> future. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Kaluzhskaya Station was designed by the architect [Leonid] Poliakov. Poliakov's decision to base his design on a reinterpretation of Russian classical architecture clearly influenced the concept of the lamps, some of which I planned in collaboration with the architect himself. The shape of the lamps was a torch – the torch of victory, as Polyakov put it... The artistic quality and stylistic unity of all the lamps throughout the station's interior made them perhaps the most successful element of the architectural composition. All were made of cast aluminum decorated in a black and gold anodized coating, a technique which the Metrostroi factory had only just mastered. </p><p>The Taganskaia Metro Station on the Ring Line was designed in...quite another style by the architects K.S. Ryzhkov and A. Medvedev... Their subject matter dealt with images of war and victory...The overall effect was one of ceremony ... In the platform halls the blue ceramic bodies of the chandeliers played a more modest role, but still emphasised the overall expressiveness of the lamp.<sup id="cite_ref-Damsky_1987_90–111_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Damsky_1987_90%E2%80%93111-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Abram Damsky, Lamps and Architecture 1930–1950</cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Industrialization">Industrialization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Industrialization" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro,_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_(7427587294).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg/220px-Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4330" data-file-height="3078"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg/220px-Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg/330px-Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg/440px-Metro%2C_thousands_of_sculptures_of_Lenin_%287427587294%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Statue representing the Soviet workers at <a href="/wiki/Baumanskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Baumanskaya (Moscow Metro)">Baumanskaya</a> station</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg/220px-Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg/220px-Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg/330px-Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg/440px-Paints_of_metro_81-740-741_Partizanskaya.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Monument to Soviet partisan <a href="/wiki/Zoya_Kosmodemyanskaya" title="Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya">Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Partizanskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Partizanskaya (Moscow Metro)">Partizanskaya</a> station from 1944</figcaption></figure> <p>Stalin's <a href="/wiki/First_five-year_plan" title="First five-year plan">first five-year plan</a> (1928–1932) facilitated rapid industrialization to build a socialist motherland. The plan was ambitious, seeking to reorient an agrarian society towards industrialism. It was Stalin's fanatical energy, large-scale planning, and resource distribution that kept up the pace of industrialization. The first five-year plan was instrumental in the completion of the Moscow Metro; without industrialization, the Soviet Union would not have had the raw materials necessary for the project. For example, steel was a main component of many subway stations. Before industrialization, it would have been impossible for the Soviet Union to produce enough <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> to incorporate it into the metro's design; in addition, a steel shortage would have limited the size of the subway system and its technological advancement. </p><p>The Moscow Metro furthered the construction of a socialist Soviet Union because the project accorded with Stalin's <a href="/wiki/Five-year_plans_of_the_Soviet_Union#Second_plan,_1932%E2%80%931937" title="Five-year plans of the Soviet Union">second five-year plan</a>. The Second Plan focused on urbanization and the development of social services. The Moscow Metro was necessary to cope with the influx of peasants who migrated to the city during the 1930s; Moscow's population had grown from 2.16 million in 1928 to 3.6 million in 1933. The Metro also bolstered Moscow's shaky infrastructure and its communal services, which hitherto were nearly nonexistent.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697–724_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mobilization">Mobilization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Mobilization" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party</a> had the power to mobilize; because the party was a single source of control, it could focus its resources. The most notable example of mobilization in the Soviet Union occurred during <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">World War II</a>. The country also mobilized in order to complete the Moscow Metro with unprecedented speed. One of the main motivation factors of the mobilization was to overtake the West and prove that a socialist metro could surpass capitalist designs. It was especially important to the Soviet Union that socialism succeed industrially, technologically, and artistically in the 1930s, since capitalism was at a low ebb during the Great Depression. </p><p>The person in charge of Metro mobilization was <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a>. A prominent Party member, he assumed control of the project as chief overseer. Kaganovich was nicknamed the "Iron Commissar"; he shared Stalin's fanatical energy, dramatic oratory flare, and ability to keep workers building quickly with threats and punishment.<sup id="cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697–724_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was determined to realise the Moscow Metro, regardless of cost. Without Kaganovich's managerial ability, the Moscow Metro might have met the same fate as the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_soviets" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of the soviets">Palace of the Soviets</a>: failure. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kievsk_APL_31.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kievsk_APL_31.jpg/220px-Kievsk_APL_31.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4947" data-file-height="3298"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kievsk_APL_31.jpg/220px-Kievsk_APL_31.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kievsk_APL_31.jpg/330px-Kievsk_APL_31.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kievsk_APL_31.jpg/440px-Kievsk_APL_31.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kiyevskaya_(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_line)" title="Kiyevskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line)">Kiyevskaya</a> (Line 3) (1954) is decorated with a series of <a href="/wiki/Mosaics" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosaics">mosaics</a> by various artists depicting life in <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a> which was then part of the Soviet Union.</figcaption></figure> <p>This was a comprehensive mobilization; the project drew resources and workers from the entire Soviet Union. In his article, archeologist Mike O'Mahoney describes the scope of the Metro mobilization: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>A specialist workforce had been drawn from many different regions, including miners from the Ukrainian and Siberian coalfields and construction workers from the iron and steel mills of Magnitogorsk, the Dniepr hydroelectric power station, and the Turkestan-Siberian railway... materials used in the construction of the metro included iron from Siberian Kuznetsk, timber from northern Russia, cement from the Volga region and the northern Caucasus, bitumen from Baku, and marble and granite from quarries in Karelia, the Crimea, the Caucasus, the Urals, and the Soviet Far East</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Mike O'Mahoney, Archeological Fantasies: Constructing History on the Moscow Metro<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Skilled engineers were scarce, and unskilled workers were instrumental to the realization of the metro. The <i>Metrostroi</i> (the organization responsible for the Metro's construction) conducted massive recruitment campaigns. It printed 15,000 copies of <i>Udarnik metrostroia</i> (<i>Metrostroi Shock Worker</i>, its daily newspaper) and 700 other newsletters (some in different languages) to attract unskilled laborers. Kaganovich was closely involved in the recruitment campaign, targeting the <a href="/wiki/Komsomol" title="Komsomol">Komsomol</a> generation because of its strength and youth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_Soviet_stations">Later Soviet stations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Later Soviet stations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id='"Fifth_stage"_set_of_stations'><span id=".22Fifth_stage.22_set_of_stations"></span>"Fifth stage" set of stations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=14" title='Edit section: "Fifth stage" set of stations' class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> led to the construction of a deep section of the <a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line</a>. The stations on this line were planned as shelters in the event of nuclear war. After finishing the line in 1953 the upper tracks between <a href="/wiki/Ploshchad_Revolyutsii" class="mw-redirect" title="Ploshchad Revolyutsii">Ploshchad Revolyutsii</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kiyevskaya_(Filyovskaya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiyevskaya (Filyovskaya)">Kiyevskaya</a> were closed, and later reopened in 1958 as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Filyovskaya Line">Filyovskaya Line</a>. The stations, too, were supplied with tight gates and life-sustenance systems to function as proper nuclear shelters. </p><p> In the further development of the Metro the term "stages" was not used any more, although sometimes the stations opened in 1957–1959 are referred to as the "fifth stage".<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"></p><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:476px;max-width:476px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:236px;max-width:236px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/234px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6830" data-file-height="4553"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 234px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/234px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="234" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/351px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg/468px-MosMetro_KomsomolskayaKL_img2_asv2018-01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Komsomolskaya_(Koltsevaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Komsomolskaya (Koltsevaya Line)">Komsomolskaya station</a>, opened in 1952, <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Koltsevaya Line">Line 5</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:236px;max-width:236px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_(img2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg/234px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3333"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 234px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg/234px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="234" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg/351px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg/468px-Metro_MSK_Line1_Sportivnaya_%28img2%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Sportivnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Sportivnaya (Moscow Metro)">Sportivnaya</a>, 1957, Line 1 (with a "retro train")</div></div></div></div></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nikita_Khrushchev's_era_of_cost_cutting"><span id="Nikita_Khrushchev.27s_era_of_cost_cutting"></span>Nikita Khrushchev's era of cost cutting</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Nikita Khrushchev's era of cost cutting" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Universitet2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Universitet2.jpg/200px-Universitet2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Universitet2.jpg/200px-Universitet2.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Universitet2.jpg/300px-Universitet2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Universitet2.jpg/400px-Universitet2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Universitet_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Universitet (Moscow Metro)">Universitet</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kakhovskaya_(%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F)_(5404633837).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg/200px-Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg/200px-Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg/300px-Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg/400px-Kakhovskaya_%28%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%285404633837%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Kakhovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kakhovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Kakhovskaya</a> (before reconstruction)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg/200px-Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="3000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg/200px-Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg/300px-Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg/400px-Metro_MSK_Line7_Polezhaevskaya.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Polezhayevskaya" title="Polezhayevskaya">Polezhayevskaya</a>. Opened in 1972. As of January 2022, the variegated walls are preserved "as is"</div></div></div></div></div> <p>During the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, the architectural extravagance of new Metro stations was decisively rejected on the orders of <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a>. He had a preference for a utilitarian "minimalism"-like approach to design, similar to <a href="/wiki/Brutalist_architecture" title="Brutalist architecture">Brutalism style</a>. The idea behind the rejection was similar to one used to create <a href="/wiki/Khrushchyovka" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchyovka">Khrushchyovkas</a>: cheap yet easily mass-produced buildings. Stations of his era, as well as most 1970s stations, were simple in design and style, with walls covered with identical square ceramic tiles. Even decorations at the Metro stations almost finished at the time of the ban (such as <a href="/wiki/VDNKh_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="VDNKh (Metro)">VDNKh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexeyevskaya_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexeyevskaya (Metro)">Alexeyevskaya</a>) got their final decors simplified: VDNKh's arcs/portals, for example, got plain green paint to contrast with well-detailed decorations and pannos around them. </p><p>A typical layout of the cheap shallow-dug metro station (which quickly became known as <i>Sorokonozhka</i> – "centipede", from early designs with 40 concrete columns in two rows) was developed for all new stations, and the stations were built to look almost identical, differing from each other only in colours of the marble and ceramic tiles. Most stations were built with simpler, cheap technology; this resulted in utilitarian design being flawed in some ways. Some stations such as adjacent <a href="/wiki/Rechnoy_Vokzal_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Rechnoy Vokzal (Moscow Metro)">Rechnoi Vokzal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vodny_Stadion_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Vodny Stadion (Moscow Metro)">Vodny Stadion</a> or sequiential <a href="/wiki/Leninsky_Prospekt_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Leninsky Prospekt (Moscow Metro)">Leninsky Prospect</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akademicheskaya_(Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_line)" title="Akademicheskaya (Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line)">Akadmicheskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Profsoyuznaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Profsoyuznaya (Moscow Metro)">Profsoyuznaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Novye_Cheryomushki_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Novye Cheryomushki (Moscow Metro)">Novye Cheryomushki</a> would have a similar look due to the extensive use of same-sized white or off-white ceramic tiles with hard-to-feel differences. </p><p>Walls with cheap ceramic tiles were susceptible to train-related vibration: some tiles would eventually fall off and break. It was not always possible to replace the missing tiles with the ones of the exact color and tone, which eventually led to <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/variegated" class="extiw" title="wikt:variegated">variegated</a> parts of the walls. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Metro_stations_of_late_USSR">Metro stations of late USSR</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Metro stations of late USSR" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The contrasting style gap between the powerfully decorated stations of Moscow's center and the spartan-looking stations of the 1960s was eventually filled. In the mid-1970s the architectural extravagance was partially restored. However, the newer design of shallow "centipede" stations (now with 26 columns, more widely spaced) continued to dominate. For example, <a href="/wiki/Kaluzhskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kaluzhskaya (Moscow Metro)">Kaluzhskaya</a> "centipede" station from 1974 (adjacent to <i>Novye Cheryomushki</i> station) features non-flat tiles (with 3D effect utilized), and <a href="/wiki/Medvedkovo_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Medvedkovo (Moscow Metro)">Medvedkovo</a> from 1978 features complex decorations. </p><p>1971 station <a href="/wiki/Kitay-gorod_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kitay-gorod (Moscow Metro)">Kitay-Gorod</a> ("Ploshchad Nogina" at the time) features <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_interchange" title="Cross-platform interchange">cross-platform interchange</a> (Line 6 and line 7). Although built without "centipede" design or cheap ceramic tiles, the station utilizes near-<a href="/wiki/Grayscale" title="Grayscale">grayscale</a> selection of colors. It is to note the "southbound" and "northbound" halls of the station have identical look. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Babushkinskaya" title="Babushkinskaya">Babushkinskaya</a> station from 1978 is a no-column station (similar to <a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Imeni_Lenina" title="Biblioteka Imeni Lenina">Biblioteka Imeni Lenina</a> from 1935). 1983 <a href="/wiki/Chertanovskaya" title="Chertanovskaya">Chertanovskaya</a> station has resemblance to <a href="/wiki/Kropotkinskaya" title="Kropotkinskaya">Kropotkinskaya</a> (from 1935). Some stations, such as the deep-dug <a href="/wiki/Shabolovskaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Shabolovskaya">Shabolovskaya</a> (1980), have the near-tunnel walls decorated with metal sheets, not tiles. <a href="/wiki/Tyoply_Stan_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tyoply Stan (Moscow Metro)">Tyoply Stan</a> features a theme related to the name and the location of the station ("Tyoply Stan" used to literally mean <i>warm area</i>): its walls are covered in brick-colored ribbed panes, which look like <a href="/wiki/Radiator_(heating)" title="Radiator (heating)">radiators</a>). </p><p>Downtown area got such stations as <a href="/wiki/Borovitskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Borovitskaya (Moscow Metro)">Borovitskaya</a> (1986), with uncovered red bricks and gray, concrete-like colors accompanying a single gold-plated decorative pane known as "Tree of peoples' of USSR" or additional station hall for <a href="/wiki/Tretyakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tretyakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Tretyakovskaya</a> to house <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_interchange" title="Cross-platform interchange">cross-platform interchange</a> system between line 6 and line 8. To this day, Tretyakovskaya metro station consists of two contrasting halls: <a href="/wiki/Brutalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Brutalism">brutalistic</a> 1971 hall and custom design hall from 1986 reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Tretyakov_Gallery" title="Tretyakov Gallery">Tretyakovskaya Galereya</a> museum located within walking distance. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-USSR_stations_of_the_modern_Russian_Federation">Post-USSR stations of the modern Russian Federation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Post-USSR stations of the modern Russian Federation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kozhuh_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Kozhuh_04.jpg/220px-Kozhuh_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4891" data-file-height="3261"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Kozhuh_04.jpg/220px-Kozhuh_04.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Kozhuh_04.jpg/330px-Kozhuh_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Kozhuh_04.jpg/440px-Kozhuh_04.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kozhukhovskaya" title="Kozhukhovskaya">Kozhukhovskaya</a> station (1995)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg/220px-Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2006" data-file-height="1309"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 144px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg/220px-Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="144" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg/330px-Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg/440px-Alma-Atinskaja_20121224_fuse.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alma-Atinskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Alma-Atinskaya (Moscow Metro)">Alma-Atinskaya</a> (opened 2012)</figcaption></figure><p>Metro stations of the 1990s and 2000s vary in style, but some of the stations seem to have their own themes: </p><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulitsa_Akademika_Yangelya" title="Ulitsa Akademika Yangelya">Ulitsa Akademika Yangelya</a> station used to feature thick orange <a href="/wiki/Neon_lamp" title="Neon lamp">neon lamp</a>-like sodium lights instead of regular white lights.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a>, the deepest station of the Moscow Metro, was built in 2003; it features extensive use of dark orange polished granite.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavyansky_Bulvar" title="Slavyansky Bulvar">Slavyansky Bulvar</a> station utilizes a plant-inspired theme (similar to "<a href="/wiki/Bionic_architecture" title="Bionic architecture">bionic style</a>").</li> <li>The sleek variant of aforementioned bionic style is somewhat represented in various Line 10 stations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sretensky_Bulvar" title="Sretensky Bulvar">Sretensky Bulvar</a> station of line 10 is decorated with paintings of nearby memorials and locations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strogino_(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_line)" title="Strogino (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line)">Strogino</a> station has a theme of huge eye-shaped boundaries for lights; with "eyes" occupying the station's ceiling.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troparyovo" title="Troparyovo">Troparyovo</a> (2014) features trees made of polished metal. The trees hold the station's diamond-shaped lights. The station, however, is noticeably dim-lit.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delovoy_Tsentr_(Moscow_Central_Circle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delovoy Tsentr (Moscow Central Circle)">Delovoy Tsentr</a> (2016, MCC, overground station) has green tint.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lomonosovsky_Prospekt_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Lomonosovsky Prospekt (Moscow Metro)">Lomonosovsky Prospekt</a> (Line 8A) is decorated with various <a href="/wiki/Calculus" title="Calculus">equations</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olkhovaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Olkhovaya (Moscow Metro)">Olkhovaya (2019)</a> uses other plant-inspired themes (<i>ольха</i> noun means <a href="/wiki/Alder" title="Alder">alder</a>) with autumn/winter inspired colours.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kosino (Moscow Metro)">Kosino (2019)</a> uses <a href="/wiki/High-tech_architecture" title="High-tech architecture">high-tech style</a> with the addition of thin LED lights.</li></ul> <p>Some bleak, bland-looking "centipedes" like <a href="/wiki/Akademicheskaya_(Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_line)" title="Akademicheskaya (Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line)">Akademicheskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yugo-Zapadnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Yugo-Zapadnaya (Moscow Metro)">Yugo-Zapadnaya</a> have undergone renovations in the 21st century (new blue-striped white walls on Akademicheskaya, aqualine glassy, shiny walls on Yugo-Zapadnaya). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Moscow_Central_Circle_urban_railway_(Line_14)"><span id="Moscow_Central_Circle_urban_railway_.28Line_14.29"></span>Moscow Central Circle urban railway (Line 14)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Moscow Central Circle urban railway (Line 14)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="Large, light outdoor station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg/220px-MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg/220px-MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg" data-alt="Large, light outdoor station" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg/330px-MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg/440px-MCC_12LUZH_7041_PLAT.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_(Moscow_Central_Circle)" title="Luzhniki (Moscow Central Circle)">Luzhniki</a> MCC station</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ES2G-051_and_033_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg/220px-ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1147" data-file-height="848"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 163px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg/220px-ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="163" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg/330px-ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg/440px-ES2G-051_and_033_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>"Lastochka" trains</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg/220px-ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="666"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg/220px-ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg/330px-ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg/440px-ES2G_interior_head_car.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Seats in "Lastochka" trains</figcaption></figure><p>A new circle metro line in Moscow was relatively quickly made in the 2010s. The Moscow Central Circle line (Line 14) was opened for use in September 2016 by re-purposing and upgrading the <a href="/wiki/Little_Ring_of_the_Moscow_Railway" title="Little Ring of the Moscow Railway">Maloe ZheleznoDorozhnoe Kol'tso</a>. A proposal to convert that freight line into a <a href="/wiki/Urban_rail_transit" title="Urban rail transit">metropolitan railway</a> with frequent passenger service was announced in 2012. The original tracks had been built in pre-revolutionary Moscow decades before the creation of Moscow Metro; the tracks remained in place in one piece as a non-electrified line until the 21st century. Yet the <a href="/wiki/Circle_route" title="Circle route">circle route</a> was never abandoned or cut. New track (along the existing one) was laid and all-new stations were built between 2014 and 2016. MCC's stations got such amenities as <a href="/wiki/Vending_machine" title="Vending machine">vending machines</a> and free <a href="/wiki/Toilet" title="Toilet">water closets</a>. </p><p>Line 14 is operated by <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">Russian Railways</a> and uses full-sized trains (an idea, somewhat similar to <a href="/wiki/S-Train" class="mw-redirect" title="S-Train">S-Train</a>). The extra resemblance to an S-Train line is, the 1908 line now connects modern northern residential districts to western and southern <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">downtown area</a>, with a station adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Moscow_International_Business_Center" title="Moscow International Business Center">Moscow International Business Center</a>. </p><p>There is a noticeable relief of congestion, decrease in usage of formerly overcrowded <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_line" title="Koltsevaya line">Koltsevaya line</a> since the introduction of MCC. To make line 14 attractive to frequent <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_line" title="Koltsevaya line">Koltsevaya line</a> interchanges users, upgrades over regular comfort of Moscow Metro were made. Use of small laptops/portable video playing devices and food consumption from <a href="/wiki/Tupperware" title="Tupperware">tupperwares</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tub_(container)" title="Tub (container)">tubs</a> was also improved for Line 14: the trains have small folding tables in the back of nearly every seat, while the seats are facing one direction like in planes or intercity buses - unlike side-against-side sofas typical for Metro. </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Diameters" title="Moscow Central Diameters">MCD lines</a> (D1, D2 etc.) MCC line accepts "unified" tickets and "Troika" cards just like Moscow Metro and buses of Moscow do. Free transfers are permitted between the MCC and the Moscow Metro if the trip before the transfer is less than 90 minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-osi_facebook_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-osi_facebook-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It's made possible by using same "<i>Ediny</i>", literally "unified" tickets instead of printing "paper tickets" used at railroads. </p> <ul><li>To interchange to line 14 for free, passenger must keep their freshly used ticket after entering Moscow Metro to apply it upon entering any line 14 station (and vice versa, keep their "fresh" ticket to enter underground Metro line after leaving Line 14 for an interchange).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MCD_(D_lines)"><span id="MCD_.28D_lines.29"></span>MCD (D lines)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: MCD (D lines)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Diameters" title="Moscow Central Diameters">Moscow Central Diameters</a></div> <p>In 2019, new lines of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">Russian Railways</a> got included in the map of Metro as "<a href="/wiki/Line_D1_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="Line D1 (Moscow Central Diameters)">line D1</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Line_D2_(Moscow_Central_Diameters)" title="Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters)">line D2</a>". Unlike Line 14, the MCD lines actually form <a href="/wiki/S-Train" class="mw-redirect" title="S-Train">S-Train</a> lines, bypassing the "vokzals", terminus stations of respective intercity railways. Line D3 is planned to be launched in August 2023, while D4 will be launched in September of that year. The schedule for the development of the infrastructure of the Central Transport Hub in 2023 was signed by the <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Moscow" title="Mayor of Moscow">Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Sobyanin" title="Sergey Sobyanin">Sergei Sobyanin</a> and the head of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">Russian Railways</a> <a href="/wiki/Oleg_Belozyorov" title="Oleg Belozyorov">Oleg Belozerov</a> in December 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As for the fees, MCD accepts Moscow's "Troika" cards. Also, every MCD station has printers which print "station X – station Y" tickets on paper. Users of the D lines must keep their tickets until exiting their destination stations: their exit terminals require a valid "... to station Y" ticket's barcode.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Big_Circle_Line_(line_11)"><span id="Big_Circle_Line_.28line_11.29"></span>Big Circle Line (line 11)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Big Circle Line (line 11)" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:226px;max-width:226px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/222px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 222px;height: 148px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/222px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="222" data-height="148" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/333px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/444px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Kakhovskaya after reconstruction</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg/222px-Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 222px;height: 148px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg/222px-Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="222" data-height="148" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg/333px-Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg/444px-Aminyevskaya_-_station_hall_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Aminyevskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Aminyevskaya (Moscow Metro)">Aminyevskaya</a> with stripy style</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg/222px-81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 222px;height: 148px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg/222px-81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="222" data-height="148" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg/333px-81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg/444px-81-765_Moskva_on_Shelepikha_station.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">81-765 train on Shelepikha station</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="Bolshaya Koltsevaya line">Bolshaya Koltsevaya line</a></div> <p>After upgrading the railway from 1908 to a proper Metro line, the development of another circle route was re-launched, now adjusted for the pear-shaped <a href="/wiki/Circle_route" title="Circle route">circle route</a> of line #14. </p><p>Throughout the late 2010s, Line 11 was extended from short, tiny <a href="/wiki/Kakhovskaya_line" title="Kakhovskaya line">Kakhovskaya line</a> to a half-circle (from Kakhovskaya to <a href="/wiki/Savyolovskaya_(Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line)" title="Savyolovskaya (Bolshaya Koltsevaya line)">Savyolovskaya</a>). In early 2023, the circle was finished.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Similarly made <a href="/wiki/Shelepikha_(Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelepikha (Bolshaya Koltsevaya line)">Shelepikha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khoroshyovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Khoroshyovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Khoroshovskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/CSKA_(Moscow_Metro)" title="CSKA (Moscow Metro)">CSKA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petrovsky_Park_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Petrovsky Park (Moscow Metro)">Petrovsky Park</a> stations have lots of polished granite and shiny surfaces, in contrast to Soviet "centipedes". Throughout 2018–2021, these stations were connected to <a href="/wiki/Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line" title="Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line">line 8A</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narodnoye_Opolcheniye_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Narodnoye Opolcheniye (Moscow Metro)">Narodnoye Opolcheniye</a> (2021) features lots of straight edges and linear decorations (such as uninterrupted "three stripes" style of the ceiling lights and rectangular columns).</li></ul> <p>As for the spring of 2023, the whole <a href="/wiki/Circle_route" title="Circle route">circle route</a> line is up and running, forming a circle stretching to the southern near-MKAD residential parts of the city (<a href="/wiki/Prospekt_Vernadskogo_(Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line)" title="Prospekt Vernadskogo (Bolshaya Koltsevaya line)">Prospekt Vernadskogo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tekstilshchiki_(Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line)" title="Tekstilshchiki (Bolshaya Koltsevaya line)">Tekstilshchiki</a>) as opposed to the MCC's stretching towards the northern districts of Moscow. In other words, BCL "mirrors" MCC, avoiding forming a perfect circle around the city centre. While being 70 km (43 mi) long, the line is now the longest subway line in the world, 13 km (8.1 mi) ahead of the previous record holder - the line 10 of <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway">Beijing Subway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Expansions">Expansions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Expansions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Expansion_timeline_of_the_Moscow_Metro" title="Expansion timeline of the Moscow Metro">Expansion timeline of the Moscow Metro</a></div> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div><small></small></div><div><small>Moscow Metro growth. See or edit <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data:moscow_subway_station_counts.tab" class="extiw" title="c:Data:moscow subway station counts.tab">source data</a>.</small></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MosMetro1935-2019.gif" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosMetro1935-2019.gif/300px-MosMetro1935-2019.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="350" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 350px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosMetro1935-2019.gif/300px-MosMetro1935-2019.gif" data-width="300" data-height="350" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosMetro1935-2019.gif/450px-MosMetro1935-2019.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MosMetro1935-2019.gif/600px-MosMetro1935-2019.gif 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>GIF-animated scheme of Moscow Metro growth (1935–2019)</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the turn of the 2nd millennium several projects have been completed, and more are underway. The first was the Annino-Butovo extension, which extended the <a href="/wiki/Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line">Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya Line</a> from <a href="/wiki/Prazhskaya" title="Prazhskaya">Prazhskaya</a> to Ulitsa Akademika Yangelya in 2000, Annino in 2001 and <a href="/wiki/Bulvar_Dmitriya_Donskogo" title="Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo">Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo</a> in 2002. Its continuation, an elevated <a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Butovskaya Line">Butovskaya Line</a>, was inaugurated in 2003. <a href="/wiki/Vorobyovy_Gory_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Vorobyovy Gory (Moscow Metro)">Vorobyovy Gory</a> station, which initially opened in 1959 and was forced to close in 1983 after the concrete used to build the bridge was found to be defective, was rebuilt and reopened after many years in 2002. Another recent project included building a branch off the <a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Filyovskaya Line">Filyovskaya Line</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_International_Business_Center" title="Moscow International Business Center">Moscow International Business Center</a>. This included <a href="/wiki/Vystavochnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vystavochnaya">Vystavochnaya</a> (opened in 2005) and <a href="/wiki/Mezhdunarodnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezhdunarodnaya (Moscow Metro)">Mezhdunarodnaya</a> (opened in 2006). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Strogino%E2%80%93Mitino_extension" class="mw-redirect" title="Strogino–Mitino extension">Strogino–Mitino extension</a> began with <a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a> in 2003. Its first stations (an expanded <a href="/wiki/Kuntsevskaya_(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_and_Filyovskaya_lines)" title="Kuntsevskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya and Filyovskaya lines)">Kuntsevskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strogino_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strogino (Metro)">Strogino</a>) opened in January 2008, and <a href="/wiki/Slavyansky_Bulvar" title="Slavyansky Bulvar">Slavyansky Bulvar</a> followed in September. <a href="/wiki/Myakinino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Myakinino (Moscow Metro)">Myakinino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volokolamskaya_(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Volokolamskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line)">Volokolamskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Mitino (Moscow Metro)">Mitino</a> opened in December 2009. <a href="/wiki/Myakinino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Myakinino (Moscow Metro)">Myakinino</a> station was built by a state-private financial partnership, unique in Moscow Metro history.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new terminus, <a href="/wiki/Pyatnitskoye_Shosse_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyatnitskoye Shosse (Moscow Metro)">Pyatnitskoye Shosse</a>, was completed in December 2012. </p><p>After many years of construction, the long-awaited <a href="/wiki/Lyublinskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyublinskaya Line">Lyublinskaya Line</a> extension was inaugurated with <a href="/wiki/Trubnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Trubnaya">Trubnaya</a> in August 2007 and <a href="/wiki/Sretensky_Bulvar" title="Sretensky Bulvar">Sretensky Bulvar</a> in December of that year. In June 2010, it was extended northwards with the <a href="/wiki/Dostoyevskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dostoyevskaya (Moscow Metro)">Dostoyevskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maryina_Roshcha_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryina Roshcha (Moscow Metro)">Maryina Roscha</a> stations. In December 2011, the Lyublinskaya Line was expanded southwards by three stations and connected to the <a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamoskvoretskaya Line">Zamoskvoretskaya Line</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Alma-Atinskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Alma-Atinskaya (Moscow Metro)">Alma-Atinskaya</a> station opening on the latter in December 2012. The <a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalininskaya Line">Kalininskaya Line</a> was extended past the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Ring_Road" title="Moscow Ring Road">Moscow Ring Road</a> in August 2012 with <a href="/wiki/Novokosino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Novokosino (Moscow Metro)">Novokosino</a> station. </p><p>In 2011, works began on the <a href="/wiki/Third_Interchange_Contour" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Interchange Contour">Third Interchange Contour</a> that is set to take the pressure off the Koltsevaya Line.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually the new line will attain a shape of the second ring with connections to all lines (except Koltsevaya and Butovskaya).<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line">Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line</a> was extended after several delays to the south-eastern districts of Moscow outside the Ring Road with the opening of <a href="/wiki/Zhulebino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Zhulebino (Moscow Metro)">Zhulebino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lermontovsky_Prospekt" title="Lermontovsky Prospekt">Lermontovsky Prospekt</a> stations. Originally scheduled for 2013, a new segment of the <a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalininskaya Line">Kalininskaya Line</a> between <a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delovoy_Tsentr_(Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delovoy Tsentr (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line)">Delovoy Tsentr</a> (separate from the main part) was opened in January 2014, while the underground extension of <a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Butovskaya Line">Butovskaya Line</a> northwards to offer a transfer to the <a href="/wiki/Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line">Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line</a> was completed in February. <a href="/wiki/Spartak_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Spartak (Moscow Metro)">Spartak</a>, a station on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya Line that remained unfinished for forty years, was finally opened in August 2014. The first stage of the southern extension of the <a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokolnicheskaya Line">Sokolnicheskaya Line</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Troparyovo" title="Troparyovo">Troparyovo</a> station, opened in December 2014. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_plans">Current plans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Current plans" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In addition to major metro expansion the Moscow Government and Russian Railways plans to upgrade more commuter railways to a metro-style service, similar to the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">MCC</a>. New tracks and stations are planned to be built in order to achieve this. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>List of expansion projects of Moscow Metro by date </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Line </th> <th colspan="2">Terminals </th> <th>Length (km) </th> <th>Stations </th> <th>Status </th> <th>Planned<br>opening </th></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#16 Troitskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="#16 Troitskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#16 Troitskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" data-alt="#16 Troitskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="Troitskaya line">Troitskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td>Tyutchevskaya </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Novomoskovskaya_(Troitskaya_line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Novomoskovskaya (Troitskaya line)">Novomoskovskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">End of 2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#16 Troitskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="#16 Troitskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#16 Troitskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" data-alt="#16 Troitskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="Troitskaya line">Troitskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Novatorskaya_(Troitskaya_line)" title="Novatorskaya (Troitskaya line)">Novatorskaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZIL_(Troitskaya_line)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZIL (Troitskaya line) (page does not exist)">ZIL</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya_line" title="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png" data-alt="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya_line" title="Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line">Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Delevoy_Tsentr_(Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delevoy Tsentr (Bolshaya Koltsevaya line) (page does not exist)">Delevoy Tsentr</a> </td> <td>Bulvar Karbysheva </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">End of 2026 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#18 Biryulyovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Biryulyovskaya_line" title="#18 Biryulyovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#18 Biryulyovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg.png" data-alt="#18 Biryulyovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_18.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Biryulyovskaya_line" title="Biryulyovskaya line">Biryulyovskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=ZIL_(Moscow_Metro)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ZIL (Moscow Metro) (page does not exist)">ZIL</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biryulyovo_(Moscow_Metro)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biryulyovo (Moscow Metro) (page does not exist)">Biryulyovo</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2028+ </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_line" title="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png" data-alt="#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_10.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_line" title="Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line">Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td colspan="2">Yuzhny Port </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td>Under Planning </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_line" title="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png" data-alt="#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_3.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_line" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shchyolkovskaya" title="Shchyolkovskaya">Shchyolkovskaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golyanovo_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golyanovo (Moscow Metro)">Golyanovo</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2027 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#5 Koltsevaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_line" title="#5 Koltsevaya line"><noscript><img alt="#5 Koltsevaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png" data-alt="#5 Koltsevaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_5.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Koltsevaya_line" title="Koltsevaya line">Koltsevaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td colspan="2">Dostoevskaya </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2028 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#16 Troitskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="#16 Troitskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#16 Troitskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png" data-alt="#16 Troitskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_16.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Troitskaya_line" title="Troitskaya line">Troitskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Novomoskovskaya_(Troitskaya_line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Novomoskovskaya (Troitskaya line)">Novomoskovskaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Troitsk_(Moscow_Metro)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troitsk (Moscow Metro) (page does not exist)">Troitsk</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td>Under Planning </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2028-2029 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya_line" title="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png" data-alt="#17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_17.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya_line" title="Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line">Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td>Bulvar Karbysheva </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilyinskaya_(Moscow_Metro)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilyinskaya (Moscow Metro) (page does not exist)">Ilyinskaya</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td>Under construction </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2028-2029 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:inline;"><span title="#8 Kalininskaya line"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_line" title="#8 Kalininskaya line"><noscript><img alt="#8 Kalininskaya line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/18px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png" data-alt="#8 Kalininskaya line" data-width="18" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/27px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg/36px-Moskwa_Metro_Line_8.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span> <a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalininskaya line">Kalininskaya line</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tretyakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tretyakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Tretyakovskaya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delovoy_Tsentr_(Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line)" title="Delovoy Tsentr (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line)">Delovoy Tsentr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td>Under Planning </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Stations">Stations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Stations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Moscow_Metro_stations" title="List of Moscow Metro stations">List of Moscow Metro stations</a></div> <p>Of the metro's 250 stations, 88 are deep underground, 123 are shallow, 12 are surface-level and 5 are elevated. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The deep stations comprise 55 <a href="/wiki/Pylon_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Pylon station">triple-vaulted pylon</a> stations, 19 <a href="/wiki/Deep_column_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep column station">triple-vaulted column</a> stations, and one <a href="/wiki/Single-vault_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-vault station">single-vault station</a>. The shallow stations comprise 79 <a href="/wiki/Shallow_column_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Shallow column station">spanned column</a> stations (a large portion of them following the "centipede" design), 33 <a href="/wiki/Shallow_single-vault_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Shallow single-vault station">single-vaulted stations</a> (Kharkov technology), and four single-spanned stations. In addition, there are 12 ground-level stations, four elevated stations, and one station (<a href="/wiki/Vorobyovy_Gory_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Vorobyovy Gory (Moscow Metro)">Vorobyovy Gory</a>) on a bridge. Two stations have three tracks, and one has double halls. Seven of the stations have side platforms (only one of which is subterranean). In addition, there were two temporary stations within rail yards. </p><p>The stations being constructed under <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalin's regime</a>, in the style of <a href="/wiki/Socialist_classicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist classicism">socialist classicism</a>, were meant as underground "palaces of the people". Stations such as <a href="/wiki/Komsomolskaya_(Koltsevaya_line)" title="Komsomolskaya (Koltsevaya line)">Komsomolskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiyevskaya_(Koltsevaya_line)" title="Kiyevskaya (Koltsevaya line)">Kiyevskaya</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mayakovskaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayakovskaya">Mayakovskaya</a> and others built after 1935 in the second phase of the evolution of the network are tourist landmarks: their photogenic architecture, large chandeliers and detailed decoration are unusual for an urban transport system of the twentieth century. </p><p>The stations opened in the 21st century are influenced by an international and more neutral style with improved technical quality.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:708px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Michurinsky Prospekt is the first semi-underground station in the Moscow Metro"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg/700px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg" decoding="async" width="700" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10127" data-file-height="2166"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 700px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg/700px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="700" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg/1050px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg/1400px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%9B_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82.jpg" title="File:Панорама станции метро КСЛ Мичуринский проспект.jpg"> </a></div><a href="/wiki/Michurinsky_Prospekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Michurinsky Prospekt">Michurinsky Prospekt</a> is the first semi-underground station in the Moscow Metro</div></div></div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ploshchad Revolyutsii (1938)"><noscript><img alt="Ploshchad Revolyutsii (1938)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/248px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/248px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg" data-alt="Ploshchad Revolyutsii (1938)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/372px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg/495px-Ploshchad_revolyutsii_Metro_2010.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ploshchad_Revolyutsii_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Ploshchad Revolyutsii (Moscow Metro)">Ploshchad Revolyutsii</a> (1938)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baumanskaya (1944)"><noscript><img alt="Baumanskaya (1944)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg/248px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg/248px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg" data-alt="Baumanskaya (1944)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg/372px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg/495px-Metro_MSK_Line3_Baumanskaya.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baumanskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Baumanskaya (Moscow Metro)">Baumanskaya</a> (1944)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Novoslobodskaya (1952)"><noscript><img alt="Novoslobodskaya (1952)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg/248px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2133"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg/248px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg" data-alt="Novoslobodskaya (1952)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg/372px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg/495px-Metro_MSK_Line5_Novoslobodskaya.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Novoslobodskaya" title="Novoslobodskaya">Novoslobodskaya</a> (1952)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 172px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frunzenskaya (1957)"><noscript><img alt="Frunzenskaya (1957)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg/255px-MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3853" data-file-height="2498"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg/255px-MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg" data-alt="Frunzenskaya (1957)" data-width="170" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg/383px-MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg/509px-MoscowMetro_Frunzenskaya_HA1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Frunzenskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Frunzenskaya (Moscow Metro)">Frunzenskaya (1957)</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Leninsky Prospekt (1962)"><noscript><img alt="Leninsky Prospekt (1962)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg/248px-Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4721" data-file-height="3146"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg/248px-Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg" data-alt="Leninsky Prospekt (1962)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg/372px-Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg/495px-Len_Prosp_Antares_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Leninsky_Prospekt_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Leninsky Prospekt (Moscow Metro)">Leninsky Prospekt</a> (1962)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kakhovskaya (1969) (after 2021 reconstruction)"><noscript><img alt="Kakhovskaya (1969) (after 2021 reconstruction)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/248px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/248px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg" data-alt="Kakhovskaya (1969) (after 2021 reconstruction)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/372px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg/495px-Kakhovskaya_-_station_hall_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kakhovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kakhovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Kakhovskaya</a> (1969) (after 2021 reconstruction)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tretyakovskaya (early station, 1971)"><noscript><img alt="Tretyakovskaya (early station, 1971)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg/220px-Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 147px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg/220px-Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg" data-alt="Tretyakovskaya (early station, 1971)" data-width="147" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg/331px-Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg/440px-Tretyakovskaya1-mm.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tretyakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tretyakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Tretyakovskaya</a> (early station, 1971)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shabol_Antares_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shabolovskaya (1980)"><noscript><img alt="Shabolovskaya (1980)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Shabol_Antares_07.jpg/248px-Shabol_Antares_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5066" data-file-height="3376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Shabol_Antares_07.jpg/248px-Shabol_Antares_07.jpg" data-alt="Shabolovskaya (1980)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Shabol_Antares_07.jpg/372px-Shabol_Antares_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Shabol_Antares_07.jpg/495px-Shabol_Antares_07.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shabolovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Shabolovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Shabolovskaya</a> (1980)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tretyakovskaya (additional adjacent station, 1986)"><noscript><img alt="Tretyakovskaya (additional adjacent station, 1986)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg/248px-Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg/248px-Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg" data-alt="Tretyakovskaya (additional adjacent station, 1986)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg/372px-Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg/495px-Tretyakovskaya_North_2010.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tretyakovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tretyakovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Tretyakovskaya</a> (additional adjacent station, 1986)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Konkovo_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Konkovo (1987)"><noscript><img alt="Konkovo (1987)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Konkovo_02.jpg/248px-Konkovo_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5025" data-file-height="3350"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Konkovo_02.jpg/248px-Konkovo_02.jpg" data-alt="Konkovo (1987)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Konkovo_02.jpg/372px-Konkovo_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Konkovo_02.jpg/495px-Konkovo_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Konkovo_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Konkovo (Moscow Metro)">Konkovo</a> (1987)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tstan_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tyoply Stan (1987)"><noscript><img alt="Tyoply Stan (1987)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Tstan_02.jpg/248px-Tstan_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4952" data-file-height="3302"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Tstan_02.jpg/248px-Tstan_02.jpg" data-alt="Tyoply Stan (1987)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Tstan_02.jpg/372px-Tstan_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Tstan_02.jpg/495px-Tstan_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tyoply_Stan_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Tyoply Stan (Moscow Metro)">Tyoply Stan</a> (1987)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rimskaya-mm.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rimskaya (1995)"><noscript><img alt="Rimskaya (1995)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Rimskaya-mm.jpg/248px-Rimskaya-mm.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Rimskaya-mm.jpg/248px-Rimskaya-mm.jpg" data-alt="Rimskaya (1995)" data-width="166" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Rimskaya-mm.jpg/372px-Rimskaya-mm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Rimskaya-mm.jpg/495px-Rimskaya-mm.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rimskaya" title="Rimskaya">Rimskaya</a> (1995)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Park Pobedy (2003)"><noscript><img alt="Park Pobedy (2003)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg/220px-Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 147px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg/220px-Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg" data-alt="Park Pobedy (2003)" data-width="147" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg/331px-Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg/440px-Parkpobedy-mm01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a> (2003)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Slavyansky Bulvar (2008)"><noscript><img alt="Slavyansky Bulvar (2008)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG/220px-Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG" decoding="async" width="147" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 147px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG/220px-Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG" data-alt="Slavyansky Bulvar (2008)" data-width="147" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG/331px-Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG/440px-Slavyanskiy_bulvar_station.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Slavyansky_Bulvar" title="Slavyansky Bulvar">Slavyansky Bulvar</a> (2008)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Novokosino_metro_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Novokosino (2012)"><noscript><img alt="Novokosino (2012)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Novokosino_metro_4.jpg/220px-Novokosino_metro_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 147px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Novokosino_metro_4.jpg/220px-Novokosino_metro_4.jpg" data-alt="Novokosino (2012)" data-width="147" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Novokosino_metro_4.jpg/331px-Novokosino_metro_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Novokosino_metro_4.jpg/440px-Novokosino_metro_4.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Novokosino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Novokosino (Moscow Metro)">Novokosino</a> (2012)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 198px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 196px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kosino (2019)"><noscript><img alt="Kosino (2019)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg/294px-Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7220" data-file-height="4061"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 196px;height: 110px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg/294px-Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg" data-alt="Kosino (2019)" data-width="196" data-height="110" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg/441px-Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg/587px-Moscow_Kosino_metro_station_asv2019-06.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kosino_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kosino (Moscow Metro)">Kosino</a> (2019)</div> </li> </ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Rolling_stock">Rolling stock</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Rolling stock" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm/220px-seek%3D20-Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="804" data-mwtitle="Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-width="1280" data-height="720"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm/Train_parade_in_Moscow_Metro_15.05.2015.webm.360p.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360"></source></video></span><figcaption>A train parade on the Circle Line</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the beginning, <a href="/wiki/Railway_platform" title="Railway platform">platforms</a> have been at least 155 metres (509 ft) long to accommodate eight-car trains. The only exceptions are on the <a href="/wiki/Filyovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Filyovskaya Line">Filyovskaya Line</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vystavochnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vystavochnaya">Vystavochnaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mezhdunarodnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezhdunarodnaya (Moscow Metro)">Mezhdunarodnaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Studencheskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Studencheskaya (Moscow Metro)">Studencheskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kutuzovskaya_(Filyovskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutuzovskaya (Filyovskaya Line)">Kutuzovskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fili_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fili (Metro)">Fili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bagrationovskaya" title="Bagrationovskaya">Bagrationovskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filyovsky_Park_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Filyovsky Park (Moscow Metro)">Filyovsky Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pionerskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Pionerskaya (Moscow Metro)">Pionerskaya</a>, which only allows six-car trains (note that this list includes all ground-level stations on the line, except <a href="/wiki/Kuntsevskaya_(Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_and_Filyovskaya_lines)" title="Kuntsevskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya and Filyovskaya lines)">Kuntsevskaya</a>, which allows normal length trains). </p><p>Trains on the Zamoskvoretskaya, <a href="/wiki/Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_line" title="Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line">Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya</a>, Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya, <a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalininskaya line">Kalininskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solntsevskaya_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Solntsevskaya line">Solntsevskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Koltsevaya_line" title="Bolshaya Koltsevaya line">Bolshaya Koltsevaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya_line" title="Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line">Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_line" title="Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line">Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nekrasovskaya_line" title="Nekrasovskaya line">Nekrasovskaya</a> lines have eight cars, on the Sokolnicheskaya line seven or eight cars, on the original Koltsevaya line seven cars, and on the Filyovskaya line six cars. The <a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya</a> line also once ran seven-car 81-717 size trains, but now use five-car trains of another type. <a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_line" title="Butovskaya line">Butovskaya line</a> uses three-car trains of another type. </p><p>Dimensions have varied subtly, but for the most cars fit into the ranges of 19–20 metres (62 ft 4 in – 65 ft 7 in) long and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">2.65–2.7 metres (8 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in – 8 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in) wide with 4 doors per side. The <a href="/wiki/81-740/741" title="81-740/741">81-740/741 Rusich</a> deviates greatly from this, with a 3-car Rusich being roughly 4 normal cars and a 5-car Rusich being 7 normal cars. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float;"> <caption>Rolling Stock for Moscow Metro </caption> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#e8e8e8"> <th>Car</th> <th>Delivered</th> <th>In service </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>А/Б</i> ("A/B")</td> <td>1934–1939</td> <td>1935–1975 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/BVG_Class_C" title="BVG Class C">B</a></i> ("V", earlier <i>C</i>)</td> <td>1927–1930</td> <td>1946–1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Г</i> ("G")</td> <td>1939–1940, 1946–1956</td> <td>1940–1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Д</i> ("D")</td> <td>1955–1963</td> <td>1955–1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>E/Ем/Еж</i> ("E/Em/Ezh")</td> <td>1959–1979</td> <td>1962–2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Metrovagonmash_81-717/81-714" title="Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714">81-717/81-714 "Nomernoy"</a></i></td> <td>1976–2011</td> <td>1977 - ff. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>И</i> ("I", 81-715/716)</td> <td>1974, 1980–1981, 1985</td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/81-720/721" title="81-720/721">81-720/721 "Yauza"</a></i></td> <td>1991–2004</td> <td>1998–2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/81-740/741" title="81-740/741">81-740/741 "Rusich"</a></i></td> <td>2002–2013</td> <td>2003 ff. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/81-760/761" title="81-760/761">81-760/761 "Oka"</a></i></td> <td>2010–2016</td> <td>2012 ff. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/81-765/766/767" class="mw-redirect" title="81-765/766/767">81-765/766/767 "Moskva"</a></i></td> <td>2016–2020</td> <td>2017 ff. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/81-775/776/777" class="mw-redirect" title="81-775/776/777">81-775/776/777 "Moskva 2020"</a></i></td> <td>2020 ff.</td> <td>2020 ff. </td></tr> <tr> <td>81-785/786/787 <p>"Moskva 2024" </p> </td> <td>2024 ff. </td> <td>2024 ff. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trains_no_longer_in_operation">Trains no longer in operation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Trains no longer in operation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The V-type trains were formerly from Berlin U-Bahn <a href="/wiki/BVG_Class_C" title="BVG Class C">C-class trains</a> from 1945 to 1969, until its complete demise in 1970. They were transported from the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_U-Bahn" title="Berlin U-Bahn">Berlin U-Bahn</a> during the Soviet occupation. A-type and B-type trains were custom-made since the opening. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 183.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seligerskaya_station,_A_train_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A-type"><noscript><img alt="A-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg/275px-Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1939" data-file-height="1213"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 184px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg/275px-Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg" data-alt="A-type" data-width="184" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg/413px-Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg/550px-Seligerskaya_station%2C_A_train_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A-type</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 133.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 131.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="B-type"><noscript><img alt="B-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg/197px-Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="337" data-file-height="295"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 132px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg/197px-Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg" data-alt="B-type" data-width="132" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg/295px-Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Type_B_metro_train_at_Krasnoselskaya.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">B-type</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 154.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 152.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:V4-158,_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="V-4-type (former Berlin Class C-1)"><noscript><img alt="V-4-type (former Berlin Class C-1)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg/229px-V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 153px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg/229px-V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg" data-alt="V-4-type (former Berlin Class C-1)" data-width="153" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg/344px-V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg/459px-V4-158%2C_Krasnaya_Presnya_depot.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">V-4-type (former Berlin Class C-1)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 183.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:V2_train_in_curve,_Kutuzovskaya_-_Fili_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="V2-type (former Berlin Class C-2)"><noscript><img alt="V2-type (former Berlin Class C-2)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/V2_train_in_curve%2C_Kutuzovskaya_-_Fili_%28cropped%29.jpg/275px-V2_train_in_curve%2C_Kutuzovskaya_-_Fili_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="253"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 184px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/V2_train_in_curve%2C_Kutuzovskaya_-_Fili_%28cropped%29.jpg/275px-V2_train_in_curve%2C_Kutuzovskaya_-_Fili_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="V2-type (former Berlin Class C-2)" data-width="184" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/V2_train_in_curve%2C_Kutuzovskaya_-_Fili_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">V2-type (former Berlin Class C-2)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 206px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 204px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="G-type"><noscript><img alt="G-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg/306px-Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg" decoding="async" width="204" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 204px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg/306px-Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg" data-alt="G-type" data-width="204" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg/459px-Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg/612px-Moscow_metro_G_530_museum_car.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">G-type</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 168px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 166px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="D-type"><noscript><img alt="D-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg/249px-D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1726" data-file-height="1193"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 166px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg/249px-D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg" data-alt="D-type" data-width="166" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg/373px-D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg/498px-D_subway_train_in_Moscow.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">D-type</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 154.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 152.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki-e.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="E-type"><noscript><img alt="E-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wiki-e.jpg/229px-Wiki-e.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 153px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wiki-e.jpg/229px-Wiki-e.jpg" data-alt="E-type" data-width="153" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wiki-e.jpg/344px-Wiki-e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Wiki-e.jpg/459px-Wiki-e.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">E-type</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 174.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 172.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:I_10001_in_depot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="I-1-type (81-715.1/716.1)"><noscript><img alt="I-1-type (81-715.1/716.1)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/I_10001_in_depot.jpg/259px-I_10001_in_depot.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 173px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/I_10001_in_depot.jpg/259px-I_10001_in_depot.jpg" data-alt="I-1-type (81-715.1/716.1)" data-width="173" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/I_10001_in_depot.jpg/389px-I_10001_in_depot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/I_10001_in_depot.jpg/518px-I_10001_in_depot.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">I-1-type (81-715.1/716.1)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 174.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 172.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="I-2-type (81-715.2/716.2)"><noscript><img alt="I-2-type (81-715.2/716.2)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg/259px-Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg" decoding="async" width="173" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="466"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 173px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg/259px-Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg" data-alt="I-2-type (81-715.2/716.2)" data-width="173" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg/388px-Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg/517px-Metro_train_I_10004.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">I-2-type (81-715.2/716.2)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 154.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 152.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title='81-720/721-type ("Yauza")'><noscript><img alt='81-720/721-type ("Yauza")' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg/229px-Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 153px;height: 115px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg/229px-Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg" data-alt='81-720/721-type ("Yauza")' data-width="153" data-height="115" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg/344px-Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg/459px-Metro_wagon_81-720.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/81-720/721" title="81-720/721">81-720/721-type ("Yauza")</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trains_in_operation">Trains in operation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Trains in operation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Currently, the Metro only operates 81-style trains. </p><p>Rolling stock on several lines was replaced with articulated 81-740/741 Rusich trains, which were originally designed for light rail subway lines. The <a href="/wiki/Butovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Butovskaya Line">Butovskaya Line</a> was designed by different standards, and has shorter (96-metre (315 ft) long) platforms. It employs articulated 81-740/741 trains, which consist of three cars (although the line can also use traditional four-car trains). </p><p>On the Moscow Monorail, Intamin P30 trains are used, consisting of six short cars. On the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a>, which is a route on the conventional railway line, ES2G <a href="/wiki/Lastochka" title="Lastochka">Lastochka</a> trains are used, consisting of five cars. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 217.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 215.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="81-717/81-714-type"><noscript><img alt="81-717/81-714-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg/323px-Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg" decoding="async" width="216" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 216px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg/323px-Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg" data-alt="81-717/81-714-type" data-width="216" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg/485px-Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg/647px-Metro_train_81-717.5M-714.5M_2606_in_tunnel.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Metrovagonmash_81-717/81-714" title="Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714">81-717/81-714-type</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 204px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 202px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title='81-717.5A/81-714.5A-type ("retro train")'><noscript><img alt='81-717.5A/81-714.5A-type ("retro train")' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg/303px-Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 202px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg/303px-Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg" data-alt='81-717.5A/81-714.5A-type ("retro train")' data-width="202" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg/455px-Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg/606px-Retro-train_of_Moscow_Metro.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">81-717.5A/81-714.5A-type ("retro train")</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:81-717.6-714.6,_Pechatniki_depot_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="81-717.6-714.6-type"><noscript><img alt="81-717.6-714.6-type" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg/291px-81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="527"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 194px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg/291px-81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="81-717.6-714.6-type" data-width="194" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg/436px-81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg/581px-81-717.6-714.6%2C_Pechatniki_depot_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">81-717.6-714.6-type</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:81-740-741,_Fili.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title='81-740/741-type ("Rusich")'><noscript><img alt='81-740/741-type ("Rusich")' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg/355px-81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg" decoding="async" width="237" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2404" data-file-height="1371"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 237px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg/355px-81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg" data-alt='81-740/741-type ("Rusich")' data-width="237" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg/532px-81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg/709px-81-740-741%2C_Fili.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/81-740/741" title="81-740/741">81-740/741-type ("Rusich")</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 204px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 202px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132,_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title='81-760/761-type ("Oka") (ru)'><noscript><img alt='81-760/761-type ("Oka") (ru)' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg/303px-81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 202px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg/303px-81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg" data-alt='81-760/761-type ("Oka") (ru)' data-width="202" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg/455px-81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg/606px-81-760-761_%E2%84%96_37132%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/81-760/761" title="81-760/761">81-760/761-type ("Oka")</a> (<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE)" class="extiw" title="ru:Ока (вагон метро)">ru</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title='81-765/766/767-type ("Moscow")'><noscript><img alt='81-765/766/767-type ("Moscow")' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg/281px-81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2686" data-file-height="1935"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 188px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg/281px-81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg" data-alt='81-765/766/767-type ("Moscow")' data-width="188" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg/421px-81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg/561px-81-765-766-767_on_Barrikadnaya_metro_station.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/81-765/766/767" class="mw-redirect" title="81-765/766/767">81-765/766/767</a>-type ("Moscow")</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 191.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 189.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_(5)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title='81-775/776/777-type ("Moscow-2020")'><noscript><img alt='81-775/776/777-type ("Moscow-2020")' src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/284px-Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1187" data-file-height="844"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 190px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/284px-Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt='81-775/776/777-type ("Moscow-2020")' data-width="190" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/426px-Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/568px-Terekhovo_-_station_hall_and_81-775_train_%285%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/81-775/776/777" class="mw-redirect" title="81-775/776/777">81-775/776/777</a>-type ("Moscow-2020")</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Intamin P30 train (operates on the Monorail line)"><noscript><img alt="Intamin P30 train (operates on the Monorail line)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg/269px-Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg/269px-Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg" data-alt="Intamin P30 train (operates on the Monorail line)" data-width="180" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg/404px-Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg/539px-Mmts_timiryazevskaya_wiki_14.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Intamin P30 train (operates on the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Monorail" title="Moscow Monorail">Monorail</a> line)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 244px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 242px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ES2G-050.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ES2G Lastochka train (operates on the Moscow Central Circle line)"><noscript><img alt="ES2G Lastochka train (operates on the Moscow Central Circle line)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ES2G-050.jpg/363px-ES2G-050.jpg" decoding="async" width="242" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="891"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 242px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ES2G-050.jpg/363px-ES2G-050.jpg" data-alt="ES2G Lastochka train (operates on the Moscow Central Circle line)" data-width="242" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ES2G-050.jpg/545px-ES2G-050.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/ES2G-050.jpg/726px-ES2G-050.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lastochka" title="Lastochka">ES2G Lastochka</a> train (operates on the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a> line)</div> </li> </ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Ticketing">Ticketing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Ticketing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png/220px-MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1044" data-file-height="660"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 139px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png/220px-MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png" data-width="220" data-height="139" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png/330px-MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png/440px-MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>One-trip transport card of Moscow Metro</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_(%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F)_(7221508840).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg/220px-North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg/220px-North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg/330px-North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg/440px-North_vestibule_of_Shipilovskaya_station_%28%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%29_%287221508840%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Moscow Metro turnstiles</figcaption></figure> <p>The Moscow Metro charges a flat fare for a single journey, regardless of distance or time travelled within the network. An exception to this is the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Diameters" title="Moscow Central Diameters">Moscow Central Diameters</a>, which operate on a zone-based fare system. The Moscow Metro ticketing system allows free interchanges within a 90-minute window between different transport modes, including the MCC, the MCD, trams and buses.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern Metro turnstiles are designed to accept various forms of payment, including plastic cards like the <a href="/wiki/Troika_card" title="Troika card">Troika card</a> or Moscow Resident Social Cards, bank cards, bank stickers, souvenir tickets such as Troika rings, bracelets, or keychains, and disposable RFID chip cardboard cards. Additionally, all stations are equipped to accept biometric payments. Some transport cards have usage limitations that impose a waiting period between consecutive uses (e.g., delays of 7 or 20 minutes).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_the_ticketing_system">History of the ticketing system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: History of the ticketing system" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Soviet era turnstiles simply accepted N kopeck coins. </p><p>In the early years of Russian Federation (and with the start of a <a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation" title="Hyperinflation">hyperinflation</a>) plastic tokens were used. Disposable <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_stripe_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic stripe card">magnetic stripe cards</a> were introduced in 1993 on a trial basis, and used as unlimited monthly tickets between 1996 and 1998. The sale of tokens ended on 1 January 1999, and they stopped being accepted in February 1999; from that time, magnetic cards were used as tickets with a fixed number of rides. </p><p>On 1 September 1998, the Moscow Metro became the first metro system in Europe to fully implement "contactless" <a href="/wiki/Smart_cards" class="mw-redirect" title="Smart cards">smart cards</a>, known as Transport Cards. Transport Cards were the card to have unlimited amount of trips for 30, 90 or 365 days, its active lifetime was projected as 3½ years. Defective cards were to be exchanged at no extra cost. </p><p>In August 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Moscow" title="Government of Moscow">city government</a> launched the Moscow Resident Social Card program. Social Cards are free smart cards issued for the elderly and other groups of citizens officially registered as residents of Moscow or the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow region">Moscow region</a>; they offer discounts in shops and pharmacies, and double as credit cards issued by the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Moscow" title="Bank of Moscow">Bank of Moscow</a>. Social Cards can be used for unlimited free access to the city's public-transport system, including the Moscow Metro; while they do not feature the time delay, they include a photograph and are non-transferable. </p><p>Since 2006, <a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Russia" title="Banking in Russia">several banks</a> have issued <a href="/wiki/Credit_card" title="Credit card">credit cards</a> which double as Ultralight cards and are accepted at turnstiles. The fare is passed to the bank and the payment is withdrawn from the owner's bank account at the end of the calendar month, using a discount rate based on the number of trips that month (for up to 70 trips, the cost of each trip is prorated from current Ultralight rates; each additional trip costs 24.14 rubles).<sup id="cite_ref-rates_2010_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rates_2010-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Partner banks include the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Moscow" title="Bank of Moscow">Bank of Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/CitiBank" class="mw-redirect" title="CitiBank">CitiBank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosbank" title="Rosbank">Rosbank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfa-Bank" title="Alfa-Bank">Alfa-Bank</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avangard_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avangard Bank (page does not exist)">Avangard Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-creditcards_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creditcards-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2007, Moscow Metro began replacing limited magnetic cards with <a href="/wiki/Smart_card#Contactless_smart_cards" title="Smart card">contactless</a> disposable tickets based on <a href="/wiki/NXP_Semiconductors" title="NXP Semiconductors">NXP's</a> <a href="/wiki/MIFARE" title="MIFARE">MIFARE Ultralight</a> technology. Ultralight tickets are available for a fixed number of trips in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 60-trip denominations (valid for 5 or 90 days from the day of purchase) and as a monthly ticket, only valid for a selected calendar month and limited to 70 trips. The sale of magnetic cards ended on 16 January 2008 and magnetic cards ceased to be accepted in late 2008, making the Moscow metro the world's first major public-transport system to run exclusively on a contactless automatic fare-collection system.<sup id="cite_ref-mifareinmoscow_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mifareinmoscow-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_ticketing_system">Contemporary ticketing system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Contemporary ticketing system" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>On 2 April 2013, the Moscow Department of Transport introduced the <a href="/wiki/Troika_card" title="Troika card">Troika smartcard</a>, which serves as the foundation of the city's modern ticketing system. Currently, passengers can use a single Troika card to pay for travel on the metro, <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">MCC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Diameters" title="Moscow Central Diameters">MCD</a>, buses, <a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Moscow" title="Trams in Moscow">trams</a>, river transport, suburban trains, and <a href="/wiki/Aeroexpress" title="Aeroexpress">Aeroexpress</a>. Approximately 80% of all trips in Moscow are paid for using Troika, with over 50 million cards sold to date.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, Troika production, including its chip, was fully localized in Moscow. In 2024, Moscow plans to launch a virtual analog of the card for smartphones.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moreover, the Moscow Metro offers Ediniy (Unified) tickets with varying durations: 1 day, 3 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 365 days.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, the Moscow Metro started testing bank card payments at ticket windows.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the moment, bank card or bank sticker payments are accepted at all turnstiles in the network. As of April 2024, this payment option is used approximately 900 thousand times daily.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2021, the Moscow Metro became the first metro system in the world to implement biometric payment on a large scale. To use this system, passengers must link their photo, bank card, and metro card to the service through the Moscow Metro mobile app. This allows passengers to pay for their rides without taking out their phone, metro card, or bank card, thereby increasing passenger flow at station entrances. The technology is available at all metro stations, the MCC, and on river transport. As of April 2024, passengers have completed 100 million trips using biometric technology.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other payment methods include: </p> <ul><li>Payment via Mir Pay using an Android phone with a <a href="/wiki/Mir_(payment_system)" title="Mir (payment system)">Mir card</a></li> <li>Payment with a smartphone via FPS in open test mode at all metro, MCC, and river transport turnstiles</li> <li>Cash or bank card payments at ticket offices and vending machines</li> <li>Moscow Resident Social Card</li></ul> <p>The Moscow Metro ticketing system received two prestigious international Transport Ticketing Awards in 2020<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fares"><span class="anchor" id="Fares_for_a_single_trip,_1935–2013"></span>Fares</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Fares" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0 0 10px 10px; text-align:center"> <caption>Ticket rates effective February 2023<sup id="cite_ref-rates_2010_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rates_2010-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Trip limit </th> <th>Cost for central zone </th> <th>Cost for suburban zone </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><i><b>Ediny</b></i> ticket. Valid for metro, monorail, MCC and ground transport. Not valid for MCD. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 ride </td> <td>62 </td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 rides </td> <td>124 </td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><b><i>Koshelek</i> ticket</b> on the <b>Troika card</b>. Valid for all public transport in Moscow (Metro, MCC, all surface transport, suburban electric trains). </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 ride</td> <td>50</td> <td>65 </td></tr> <tr> <td>90 minutes</td> <td>75</td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><b><i>Ediny</i> ticket</b> on the <b>Troika card</b>. Valid for all metro, monorail, MCC, MCD zones "Central", "Suburban" or land transport. </td></tr> <tr> <td>60 trips</td> <td>2.730</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 day </td> <td>285 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 nights</td> <td>540</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 days</td> <td>2.540</td> <td>3.010 </td></tr> <tr> <td>90 days</td> <td>6.150</td> <td>7.800 </td></tr> <tr> <td>365 days </td> <td>19.500 </td> <td>24.450 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>MCD network is divided between the "Central" and "Suburban" zone. Metro (with the monorail and the MCC) is completely within the Central zone. </p> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:right"> <caption><span class="nowrap"><b>Single-trip fares, 1935–2018</b></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Effective date </th> <th>Price </th> <th class="unsortable">Remarks </th></tr> <tr> <td>1935-05-15</td> <td>50 <a href="/wiki/Ruble" title="Ruble">kopecks</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935-08-01</td> <td>40 kopecks</td> <td align="left">with season ticket – 35 kopecks </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935-10-01</td> <td>30 kopecks</td> <td align="left">with season ticket – 25 kopecks </td></tr> <tr> <td>1942-05-31</td> <td>40 kopecks</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1948-08-16</td> <td>50 kopecks</td> <td align="left">Banknotes were cut in value to one-tenth but most prices stayed the same </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961-01-01</td> <td>5 kopecks</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Redenomination" title="Redenomination">redenomination</a>; turnstiles accepted 5 kopek coins </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991-04-02</td> <td>15 kopecks</td> <td align="left">Turnstiles accepted three 5 kopeck coins (written 5+5+5) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992-03-01</td> <td>50 kopecks</td> <td align="left">5 kopeck coins were replaced by turnstile tokens </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992-06-24</td> <td>1 <a href="/wiki/Russian_ruble" title="Russian ruble">ruble</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992-12-01</td> <td>3 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993-02-16</td> <td>6 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993-06-25</td> <td>10 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993-10-15</td> <td>30 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994-01-01</td> <td>50 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994-03-18</td> <td>100 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994-06-23</td> <td>150 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994-09-21</td> <td>250 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994-12-20</td> <td>400 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995-03-20</td> <td>600 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995-07-21</td> <td>800 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995-09-20</td> <td>1,000 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995-12-21</td> <td>1,500 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997-06-11</td> <td>2,000 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998-01-01</td> <td>2 rubles</td> <td align="left">Redenomination due to post-Soviet inflation </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998-09-01</td> <td>3 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999-01-01</td> <td>4 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000-07-15</td> <td>5 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002-10-01</td> <td>7 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004-04-01</td> <td>10 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005-01-01</td> <td>13 rubles</td> <td align="left">Monorail fare is 50 rubles (25 rubles discount fare), no other tickets are valid on monorail </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006-01-01</td> <td>15 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007-01-01</td> <td>17 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008-01-01</td> <td>19 rubles</td> <td align="left">Monorail fare is equal to the metro fare (reduced to 19 rubles), and only special monthly tickets also available and valid on this line </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009-01-01</td> <td>22 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010-01-01</td> <td>26 rubles</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011-01-01</td> <td>28 rubles</td> <td align="left">Russian Railways fare in Moscow fare principles are separated and the fare did not increase (26 rubles) unlike in earlier years. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013-01-01</td> <td>28 rubles</td> <td align="left"><i>minor change:</i> Monorail fare included in all metro fares, first transfer in 90 minutes does not charge </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013-04-02</td> <td>30 rubles</td> <td align="left">Single journey fare increased. Most other kinds of fares are lowered. New: 90 minute fare. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014-01-01</td> <td>30–40 rubles</td> <td align="left">Single and double fare increased. 5–60 pass fare, and all 90 minute fare are stayed. Russian railway fare in Moscow increased to 28 rubles. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016-01-01</td> <td>32–50 rubles</td> <td align="left">All ticket fares increased. Single fare increased to 50 rubles or 32 rubles (by <a href="/wiki/Troika_card" title="Troika card">Troika e-wallet</a>). All unlimited fare are stayed.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017-01-01</td> <td>35–55 rubles</td> <td align="left">All ticket fares increased. Single fare increased to 55 rubles or 35 rubles (by Troika e-wallet). All |-unlimited fare are stayed. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018-01-02</td> <td>36–55 rubles</td> <td align="left">Single fare increased by 1 ruble, only while paying by Troika e-wallet. 90 minutes fare increased from 54 to 56 rubles. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019-01-02</td> <td>38–55 rubles</td> <td align="left">Single fare increased by 2 rubles, while paying Troika card. 90 minutes tickets increased by 3 rubles. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019-12-09</td> <td>38–55 rubles</td> <td align="left">4 of 10 railway lines included in metro fare; central zone does not require (0–2 zones), surburbian +7RUR (but 7 RUR is difference only, 2–3 zones cost 23 RUR as earlier) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020-02-01</td> <td>40–57 rubles</td> <td align="left">fares increased by 2 rubles, season tickets stayed. Also opened Ostafievo in zone 5 that caused to lower some fares is you set as destation and course of another ticket </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020-04-21</td> <td>40 rubles</td> <td align="left">Till 2020-06-09 COVID-19 restriction: single fare tickets are eliminated, bank cards disabled till June 9, some discount ticked also blocked (dates non shown) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020-02-01</td> <td>42–60 rubles</td> <td align="left">fares raised except 90/365 days </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Passenger_services">Passenger services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Passenger services" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Passenger_Mobility_Center">Passenger Mobility Center</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Passenger Mobility Center" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The Passenger Mobility Center was created within the Moscow Metro in October 2013 to aid passengers with reduced mobility, encompassing individuals with hearing or visual impairments, mobility limitations, senior citizens, large families, and parents with strollers.<sup id="cite_ref-RailTech_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RailTech-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the PMC staff escorts passengers at the metro, MCC, MCD, buses and trams. </p><p>Since its inception, PMC has assisted over 1.15 million passengers with reduced mobility.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, PMC staff escorted approximately 70,000 passengers, representing a 9% increase compared to 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-RailTech_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RailTech-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wayfinding">Wayfinding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Wayfinding" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In 2013, the Moscow Metro started to develop the new principles of <a href="/wiki/Wayfinding" title="Wayfinding">wayfinding</a>, including a redesigned metro map. Today, these principles have been applied to all of Moscow Transport. The new system is characterized by the following features: </p> <ul><li>The single font of the Moscow Transport – Moscow Sans</li> <li>More concise and comprehensible signage</li> <li>Geographical maps across the city that includes information on surrounding streets and landmarks</li> <li>Use of easily understandable pictograms instead of words (e.g., line numbers)</li> <li>Assignment of numbers to each metro exit</li> <li>Floor signage on stations</li> <li>Accessibility information for passengers with reduced mobility</li> <li>Digital wayfinding screens above the doors in the newest train models</li> <li>A standardized design for temporary announcements<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Digital_services">Digital services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Digital services" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobile_app">Mobile app</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Mobile app" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Launched in 2017, the Moscow Metro mobile app offers a range of useful features for passengers: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Troika_card" title="Troika card">Troika card</a> management (purchase tickets, view pass and transaction history, set up auto-payment)</li> <li>Transfer of Troika card balance to a new card in case of loss</li> <li>Identification of less crowded carriages on arriving trains</li> <li>Temporary suspension of annual passes (once per year for 14 days)</li> <li>Route planning</li> <li>Linking of the Moscow Resident Social Card</li> <li>Purchase of intercity bus tickets</li> <li>Registration for <a href="/wiki/Biometrics" title="Biometrics">biometric</a> payment service</li> <li>Reporting of lost items</li> <li>Request for assistance from the Passenger Mobility Service</li> <li>Chatbot access</li></ul> <p>As of March 2024, the app has been downloaded 13 million times and is used by 2 million people monthly.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chatbot">Chatbot</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Chatbot" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In 2020, the Moscow Metro introduced Aleksandra, a <a href="/wiki/Chatbot" title="Chatbot">chatbot</a> that has since become the official chatbot for all types of urban transport in Moscow. As of February 2024, Aleksandra has answered over 6.8 million questions and is equipped to respond to over 58,000 inquiries related to Moscow's urban transport system.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Statistics" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2018</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_MetroCrowded_(pixinn.net).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/777px-Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="777" height="517" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="851"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 777px;height: 517px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/777px-Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg" data-width="777" data-height="517" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg/1166px-Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Moscow_MetroCrowded_%28pixinn.net%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Moscow Metro is <a href="/wiki/Metro_systems_by_annual_passenger_rides" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro systems by annual passenger rides">one of the busiest metro systems in the world</a>.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="border: solid 1px #ddd; text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Ridership statistics </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Passengers (2018)</td> <td>2,500,400,000 passengers<sup id="cite_ref-Digits_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">—— full-fare</td> <td>1,812,900,000 passengers </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">—— privileged category</td> <td>473,500,000 passengers </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">—— pupils and students</td> <td>214,000,000 passengers </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Maximum daily ridership</td> <td>9,715,635 passengers </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Revenue from fares (2005)</td> <td>15.9974 billion <a href="/wiki/Russian_ruble" title="Russian ruble">rubles</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Average passenger trip</td> <td>14.93 kilometres (9.28 mi) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Line statistics </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Total lines length</td> <td>333.3 kilometres (207.1 mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of lines</td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Longest line</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line</a> (43.5 kilometres (27.0 mi)) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Shortest line</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kakhovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kakhovskaya Line">Kakhovskaya Line</a> (3.3 kilometres (2.1 mi)) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Longest section</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strogino_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strogino (Metro)">Strogino</a>–<a href="/wiki/Krylatskoye_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Krylatskoye (Moscow Metro)">Krylatskoye</a> (6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi)) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Shortest section</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vystavochnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vystavochnaya">Vystavochnaya</a>–<a href="/wiki/Mezhdunarodnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezhdunarodnaya (Moscow Metro)">Mezhdunarodnaya</a> (502 metres (1,647 ft)) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Station statistics </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of stations</td> <td>228 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— transfer stations</td> <td>68 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— transfer points</td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— surface/elevated</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Deepest station</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a> (84 metres (276 ft)) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Shallowest underground station</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pechatniki_(Moscow_Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pechatniki (Moscow Metro)">Pechatniki</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Station with the longest platform</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vorobyovy_Gory_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vorobyovy Gory (Metro)">Vorobyovy Gory (Metro)</a> (282 metres (925 ft)) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of stations with a single entrance</td> <td>73 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Infrastructure statistics </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of <a href="/wiki/Turnstile" title="Turnstile">turnstiles</a> with automatic control on entrances</td> <td>2,374 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of stations with escalators</td> <td>125 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of escalators</td> <td>631 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— including Monorail stations</td> <td>18 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Longest escalator</td> <td>126 metres (413 ft) (Park Pobedy) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Total number of <a href="/wiki/Ventilation_shaft" title="Ventilation shaft">ventilation shafts</a></td> <td>393 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of local ventilation systems in use</td> <td>4,965 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of medical assistance points (2005)</td> <td>46 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Total length of all escalators</td> <td>65.4 kilometres (40.6 mi) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Rolling stock statistics </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Number of train maintenance depots</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Total number of train runs per day</td> <td>9,915 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Average speed:</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— commercial</td> <td>41.71 kilometres per hour (25.92 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— technical (2005)</td> <td>48.85 kilometres per hour (30.35 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Total number of cars (average per day)</td> <td>4,428 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Cars in service (average per day)</td> <td>3,397 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Annual run of all cars</td> <td>722,100,000 kilometres (448,700,000 mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Average daily run of a car</td> <td>556.2 kilometres (345.6 mi) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Average passengers per car</td> <td>53 people </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Timetable fulfillment</td> <td>99.96% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Minimum average interval</td> <td>90 sec </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Staff statistics </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">Total number of employees</td> <td>34,792 people </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— males</td> <td>18,291 people </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#ddd; white-space:nowrap;">— females</td> <td>16,448 people </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notable_incidents"><span class="anchor" id="Incidents"></span> Notable incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Notable incidents" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1977_bombing"><span class="anchor" id="Bombing_of_1977"></span>1977 bombing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: 1977 bombing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1977_Moscow_bombings" title="1977 Moscow bombings">1977 Moscow bombings</a></div> <p>On 8 January 1977, a bomb was reported to have killed 7 and seriously injured 33. It went off in a crowded train between Izmaylovskaya and Pervomayskaya stations.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three Armenians were later arrested, charged and executed in connection with the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1981_station_fires"><span class="anchor" id="Station_fires_of_1981"></span>1981 station fires</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: 1981 station fires" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In June 1981, seven bodies were seen being removed from the <a href="/wiki/Oktyabrskaya_(Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oktyabrskaya (Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line)">Oktyabrskaya station</a> during a fire there. A fire was also reported at <a href="/wiki/Prospekt_Mira_(Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prospekt Mira (Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line)">Prospekt Mira station</a> about that time.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1982_escalator_accident"><span class="anchor" id="Escalator_accident_of_1982"></span>1982 escalator accident</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: 1982 escalator accident" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aviamotornaya_(Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line)#Escalator_accident_in_1982" title="Aviamotornaya (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line)">Aviamotornaya (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line) § Escalator accident in 1982</a></div> <p>A fatal accident occurred on 17 February 1982 due to an <a href="/wiki/Escalator" title="Escalator">escalator</a> collapse at the <a href="/wiki/Aviamotornaya_(Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya_line)" title="Aviamotornaya (Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya line)">Aviamotornaya</a> station on the <a href="/wiki/Kalininskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalininskaya Line">Kalininskaya Line</a>. Eight people were killed and 30 injured due to a pileup caused by faulty emergency brakes.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1996_murder">1996 murder</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: 1996 murder" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In 1996, an American-Russian businessman <a href="/wiki/Paul_Tatum" title="Paul Tatum">Paul Tatum</a> was murdered at the Kiyevskaya Metro station. He was shot dead by a man carrying a concealed Kalashnikov gun.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000_bombings"><span class="anchor" id="Bombing_of_2000"></span>2000 bombings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: 2000 bombings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>On 8 August 2000, a strong blast in a Metro underpass at Pushkinskaya metro station in the center of Moscow claimed the lives of 12, with 150 injured. A homemade bomb equivalent to 800 grams of <a href="/wiki/TNT" title="TNT">TNT</a> had been left in a bag near a kiosk.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004_bombings"><span class="anchor" id="Bombing_of_2004"></span>2004 bombings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: 2004 bombings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/February_2004_Moscow_Metro_bombing" title="February 2004 Moscow Metro bombing">February 2004 Moscow Metro bombing</a> and <a href="/wiki/August_2004_Moscow_Metro_bombing" title="August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing">August 2004 Moscow Metro bombing</a></div> <p>On 6 February 2004, an explosion wrecked a train between the <a href="/wiki/Avtozavodskaya_(Zamoskvoretskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avtozavodskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya Line)">Avtozavodskaya</a> and Paveletskaya stations on the <a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamoskvoretskaya Line">Zamoskvoretskaya Line</a>, killing 41 and wounding over 100.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechen</a> terrorists were blamed. A later investigation concluded that a <a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkessian</a> resident had carried out a <a href="/wiki/Suicide_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Suicide bombing">suicide bombing</a>. The same group organized another attack on 31 August 2004, killing 10 and injuring more than 50 others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005_Moscow_blackout"><span class="anchor" id="Moscow_blackout_of_2005"></span>2005 Moscow blackout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: 2005 Moscow blackout" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2005_Moscow_power_blackouts" title="2005 Moscow power blackouts">2005 Moscow power blackouts</a></div> <p>On 25 May 2005, <a href="/wiki/2005_Moscow_power_blackouts" title="2005 Moscow power blackouts">a citywide blackout</a> halted operation on some lines. The following lines, however, continued operations: Sokolnicheskaya, Zamoskvoretskaya from <a href="/wiki/Avtozavodskaya_(Zamoskvoretskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avtozavodskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya Line)">Avtozavodskaya</a> to <a href="/wiki/Rechnoy_Vokzal_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Rechnoy Vokzal (Moscow Metro)">Rechnoy Vokzal</a>, Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya, Filyovskaya, Koltsevaya, Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya from <a href="/wiki/Novoyasenevskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Novoyasenevskaya (Moscow Metro)">Bitsevskiy Park</a> to <a href="/wiki/Oktyabrskaya-Radialnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Oktyabrskaya-Radialnaya">Oktyabrskaya-Radialnaya</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Prospekt_Mira-Radialnaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Prospekt Mira-Radialnaya">Prospekt Mira-Radialnaya</a> to <a href="/wiki/Medvedkovo_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Medvedkovo (Moscow Metro)">Medvedkovo</a>, Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya, Kalininskaya, Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya from <a href="/wiki/Serpukhovskaya" title="Serpukhovskaya">Serpukhovskaya</a> to <a href="/wiki/Altufyevo_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Altufyevo (Metro)">Altufyevo</a> and Lyublinskaya from <a href="/wiki/Chkalovskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Chkalovskaya (Moscow Metro)">Chkalovskaya</a> to <a href="/wiki/Dubrovka_(Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubrovka (Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya Line)">Dubrovka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-blackout-ytro_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blackout-ytro-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was no service on the Kakhovskaya and Butovskaya lines. The blackout severely affected the Zamoskvoretskaya and Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya lines, where initially all service was disrupted because of trains halted in tunnels in the southern part of city (most affected by the blackout). Later, limited service resumed and passengers stranded in tunnels were evacuated. Some lines were only slightly impacted by the blackout, which mainly affected southern Moscow; the north, east and western parts of the city experienced little or no disruption.<sup id="cite_ref-blackout-ytro_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blackout-ytro-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006_billboard_incident"><span class="anchor" id="Billboard_incident_of_2006"></span>2006 billboard incident</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: 2006 billboard incident" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg/220px-Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg/220px-Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg/330px-Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg/440px-Moscow_metro_2006-03-20_Crash_at_Voikovskaya_07.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Site of construction pile incident on next day after event (2006)</figcaption></figure> <p>On 19 March 2006, a construction pile from an unauthorized billboard installation was driven through a tunnel roof, hitting a train between the <a href="/wiki/Sokol_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokol (Metro)">Sokol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Voikovskaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Voikovskaya">Voikovskaya</a> stations on the <a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamoskvoretskaya Line">Zamoskvoretskaya Line</a>. No injuries were reported.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010_bombing"><span class="anchor" id="Bombing_of_2010"></span>2010 bombing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: 2010 bombing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2010_Moscow_Metro_bombings" title="2010 Moscow Metro bombings">2010 Moscow Metro bombings</a></div> <p>On 29 March 2010, two bombs exploded on the <a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokolnicheskaya Line">Sokolnicheskaya Line</a>, killing 40 and injuring 102 others. The first bomb went off at the <a href="/wiki/Lubyanka_(Metro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lubyanka (Metro)">Lubyanka station</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokolnicheskaya Line">Sokolnicheskaya Line</a> at 7:56, during the morning rush hour.<sup id="cite_ref-rtebomb2010_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtebomb2010-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least 26 were killed in the first explosion, of which 14 were in the rail car where it took place. A second explosion occurred at the <a href="/wiki/Park_Kultury_(Sokolnicheskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Park Kultury (Sokolnicheskaya Line)">Park Kultury</a> station at 8:38, roughly forty minutes after the first one.<sup id="cite_ref-rtebomb2010_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtebomb2010-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fourteen people were killed in that blast. The <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Emirate" title="Caucasus Emirate">Caucasus Emirate</a> later claimed responsibility for the bombings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_pile_incident"><span class="anchor" id="2014_pile_incident"></span>2014 pile incident</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: 2014 pile incident" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>On 25 January 2014, at 15:37 a construction pile from a <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Central_Circle" title="Moscow Central Circle">Moscow Central Circle</a> construction site was driven through a tunnel roof between <a href="/wiki/Avtozavodskaya_(Zamoskvoretskaya_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Avtozavodskaya (Zamoskvoretskaya Line)">Avtozavodskaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kolomenskaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Kolomenskaya (Moscow Metro)">Kolomenskaya</a> stations on the <a href="/wiki/Zamoskvoretskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamoskvoretskaya Line">Zamoskvoretskaya Line</a>. The train operator applied emergency brakes, and the train did not crash into the pile. Passengers were evacuated from the tunnel, with no injures reported. The normal line operation resumed the same day at 19:50.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_derailment">2014 derailment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: 2014 derailment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2014_Moscow_Metro_derailment" title="2014 Moscow Metro derailment">2014 Moscow Metro derailment</a></div> <p>On 15 July 2014, a train derailed between <a href="/wiki/Park_Pobedy_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Park Pobedy (Moscow Metro)">Park Pobedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slavyansky_Bulvar" title="Slavyansky Bulvar">Slavyansky Bulvar</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line">Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line</a>, killing 24 people and injuring dozens more.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Metro-2">Metro-2</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Metro-2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Metro-2" title="Metro-2">Metro-2</a></div> <p>Conspiracy theorists have claimed that a second and deeper metro system code-named "D-6",<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (July 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> designed for emergency evacuation of key city personnel in case of nuclear attack during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, exists under military jurisdiction. It is believed that it consists of a single track connecting the <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Kremlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscow Kremlin">Kremlin</a>, chief HQ (<a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff</a> –<i>Genshtab</i>), Lubyanka (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation">FSB</a> Headquarters), the Ministry of Defense and several other secret installations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There are alleged to be entrances to the system from several civilian buildings, such as the <a href="/wiki/Russian_State_Library" title="Russian State Library">Russian State Library</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_University" title="Moscow State University">Moscow State University</a> (MSU) and at least two stations of the regular Metro. It is speculated that these would allow for the evacuation of a small number of randomly chosen civilians, in addition to most of the elite military personnel. A suspected junction between the secret system and the regular Metro is supposedly behind the <a href="/wiki/Sportivnaya_(Moscow_Metro)" title="Sportivnaya (Moscow Metro)">Sportivnaya</a> station on the <a href="/wiki/Sokolnicheskaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokolnicheskaya Line">Sokolnicheskaya Line</a>. The final section of this system was supposedly completed in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: In popular culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <p>The Moscow Metro is the central location and namesake for the <a href="/wiki/Universe_of_Metro_2033" class="mw-redirect" title="Universe of Metro 2033"><i>Metro</i> series</a>, where during a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear war">nuclear war</a>, Moscow's inhabitants are driven down into the Moscow Metro, which has been designed as a <a href="/wiki/Fallout_shelter" title="Fallout shelter">fallout shelter</a>, with the various stations being turned into makeshift settlements. </p><p>In 2012, an art film was released about a catastrophe in the Moscow underground.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 21px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="32" data-height="21" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Russia portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_train.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/31px-P_train.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 31px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/31px-P_train.svg.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="31" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/47px-P_train.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/62px-P_train.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Trains" title="Portal:Trains">Trains portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Moscow_Metro_stations" title="List of Moscow Metro stations">List of Moscow Metro stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_timeline_of_the_Moscow_Metro" title="Expansion timeline of the Moscow Metro">Expansion timeline of the Moscow Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metro_systems" title="List of metro systems">List of metro systems</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro_ridership_statistics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moscow Metro ridership statistics (page does not exist)">Moscow Metro ridership statistics</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Пассажиропоток Московского метрополитена">ru</a>]</span> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stray_dogs_in_Moscow#Subway-dwelling_dogs" class="mw-redirect" title="Stray dogs in Moscow">Metro dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Moscow" title="Trams in Moscow">Trams in Moscow</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metro_2033_(novel)" title="Metro 2033 (novel)">Metro 2033</a></i></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(17)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-17 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-17"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Московский метрополитен</span></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[mɐˈskofskʲɪj<span class="wrap"> </span>mʲɪtrəpəlʲɪˈtɛn]</a></span>)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(18)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-18 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-18"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Digits-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Digits_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226043949/http://www.mosmetro.ru/press/digits/?type=m%20"><bdi lang="ru">Метрополитен в цифрах</bdi></a> [Metropolitan in figures] (in Russian). Moscow Metro. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mosmetro.ru/press/digits/?type=m">the original</a> on 26 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D0%B2+%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85&rft.pub=Moscow+Metro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mosmetro.ru%2Fpress%2Fdigits%2F%3Ftype%3Dm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://msknovosti.ru/transport/kak-vyglyadyat-novye-stantsii-bolshoy-koltsevoy-linii-metro/">"Как выглядят новые станции Большой кольцевой линии метро"</a>. <i>MSK News</i>. March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MSK+News&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%8F%D1%82+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE&rft.date=2023-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmsknovosti.ru%2Ftransport%2Fkak-vyglyadyat-novye-stantsii-bolshoy-koltsevoy-linii-metro%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.expatica.com/ru/lifestyle/culture-entertainment/places-to-visit-in-moscow-104122/">"The best places to visit in Moscow"</a>. <i>Expatica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Expatica&rft.atitle=The+best+places+to+visit+in+Moscow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.expatica.com%2Fru%2Flifestyle%2Fculture-entertainment%2Fplaces-to-visit-in-moscow-104122%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.m24.ru/news/gorod/23102019/94391">"Москва первой в мире снизила интервал движения поездов метро до 90 секунд"</a>. <i>Moscow 24</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Moscow+24&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%B4%D0%BE+90+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.m24.ru%2Fnews%2Fgorod%2F23102019%2F94391&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.ru/moskva/moskva-pobila-rekord-po-intervalu-dvizheniya-poezdov-metro/">"Москва побила рекорд по интервалу движения поездов метро"</a>. <i>NEWS.ru</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NEWS.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.ru%2Fmoskva%2Fmoskva-pobila-rekord-po-intervalu-dvizheniya-poezdov-metro%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.m24.ru/articles/metro/18052016/105466">"Имя Ленина оставят в названиях станций московского метро Подробнее"</a>. MОСКВА24. 18 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%98%D0%BC%D1%8F+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82+%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5&rft.pub=M%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%92%D0%9024&rft.date=2016-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.m24.ru%2Farticles%2Fmetro%2F18052016%2F105466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaganovich_name-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kaganovich_name_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kaganovich_name_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Metro.ru Original order on naming the Metro after Kaganovich. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metro.ru/library/kak_my_stroili_metro/3.html">Retrieved</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20010710190748/http://www.metro.ru/library/kak_my_stroili_metro/3.html">Archived</a> 10 July 2001 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> 19 October 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКорябкин,_Андрей2020" class="citation web cs1">Корябкин, Андрей (1 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vgudok.com/light/moskovskoe-metro-lazaryu-lazarevo-leninu-leninskoe-viktor-kozlovskiy-protiv-pereimenovaniya">"Московское метро: Лазарю – Лазарево, Ленину – ленинское"</a>. vgudok Light<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%3A+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8E+%E2%80%93+%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%2C+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83+%E2%80%93+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5.&rft.pub=vgudok+Light&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft.au=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%2C+%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvgudok.com%2Flight%2Fmoskovskoe-metro-lazaryu-lazarevo-leninu-leninskoe-viktor-kozlovskiy-protiv-pereimenovaniya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140223000634/http://www.adme.ru/dizajn/u-moskovskogo-metro-net-logotipa-492755">"У московского метро нет логотипа"</a>. ADME. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adme.ru/dizajn/u-moskovskogo-metro-net-logotipa-492755/">the original</a> on 23 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A3+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0&rft.pub=ADME&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adme.ru%2Fdizajn%2Fu-moskovskogo-metro-net-logotipa-492755%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvc.ru/news/show/id/50112">"Новый символ московского метро обошелся столичным властям в 1 рубль"</a>. ТВЦ TV channel<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8F+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%B2+1+%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C&rft.pub=%D0%A2%D0%92%D0%A6+TV+channel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvc.ru%2Fnews%2Fshow%2Fid%2F50112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mosmetro.ru">"Московский метрополитен"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmosmetro.ru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141230103702/http://engl.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=4">"Lines and stations"</a>. <i>Moscow Metro website</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://engl.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=4">the original</a> on 30 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Moscow+Metro+website&rft.atitle=Lines+and+stations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fengl.mosmetro.ru%2Fpages%2Fpage_0.php%3Fid_page%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/File:Moskau-Metro-Stationsanzeiger.jpg" title="File:Moskau-Metro-Stationsanzeiger.jpg">this</a> image as an example</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111117015142/http://old.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=590">"Режим работы станций и вестибюлей"</a>. Moscow Metro. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mosmetro.ru/info/routine/station/">the original</a> on 17 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9&rft.pub=Moscow+Metro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmosmetro.ru%2Finfo%2Froutine%2Fstation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.1tv.ru/news/2014-12-02/30254-s_segodnyashnego_dnya_set_wi_fi_stala_dostupna_na_vseh_liniyah_moskovskogo_metropolitena">"С сегодняшнего дня сеть Wi-Fi стала доступна на всех линиях Московского метрополитена"</a>. <i>1tv.ru</i> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Channel_One_Russia" title="Channel One Russia">Channel One Russia</a>. 2 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1tv.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A1+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C+Wi-Fi+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%85+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85+%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.date=2014-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.1tv.ru%2Fnews%2F2014-12-02%2F30254-s_segodnyashnego_dnya_set_wi_fi_stala_dostupna_na_vseh_liniyah_moskovskogo_metropolitena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lj229066-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lj229066_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lj229066_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150124135755/http://mosmetro.livejournal.com/229066.html"><bdi lang="ru">Голоса в метро</bdi></a>. <i>Official blog of Moscow Metro</i> (in Russian). 26 November 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mosmetro.livejournal.com/229066.html">the original</a> on 24 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+blog+of+Moscow+Metro&rft.atitle=%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE&rft.date=2010-11-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmosmetro.livejournal.com%2F229066.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daily.afisha.ru/cities/13900-mck-mcd-bkl-razbiraemsya-v-novoy-sheme-metro/#:~:text=%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%C2%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85,%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B8%C2%A0%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B5">"МЦК, МЦД, БКЛ: разбираемся в новой схеме метро"</a>. Afisha Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%A6%D0%9A%2C+%D0%9C%D0%A6%D0%94%2C+%D0%91%D0%9A%D0%9B%3A+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE&rft.pub=Afisha+Daily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaily.afisha.ru%2Fcities%2F13900-mck-mcd-bkl-razbiraemsya-v-novoy-sheme-metro%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3D%25D0%259E%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%2520%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25C2%25A0%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D1%2585%2C%25D1%2584%25D1%2583%25D0%25BA%25D1%2581%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%2520%25D0%25B8%25C2%25A0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msk.kp.ru/online/news/5253106/">"Ликсутов: После полного запуска БКЛ пассажиры уже совершили по новому кольцу 53,4 миллиона поездок"</a>. <i>msk.kp.ru</i> (in Russian). 3 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=msk.kp.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%3A+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%91%D0%9A%D0%9B+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8B+%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%83+53%2C4+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA&rft.date=2023-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msk.kp.ru%2Fonline%2Fnews%2F5253106%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilson2018-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wilson2018_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2018" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Vicky (2018). <i>London's Oddities</i>. Metro Publications Ltd. p. 310. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-902910-53-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-902910-53-6"><bdi>978-1-902910-53-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=London%27s+Oddities&rft.pages=310&rft.pub=Metro+Publications+Ltd&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-902910-53-6&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Vicky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325143602/http://www.pootergeek.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/gants_hill.jpg">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pootergeek.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/gants_hill.jpg">the original</a> on 25 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pootergeek.com%2Fwordpress%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2008%2F08%2Fgants_hill.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence,_David1994" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, David (1994). <i>Underground Architecture</i>. Harrow: Capital Transport. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85414-160-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85414-160-0"><bdi>1-85414-160-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Underground+Architecture&rft.place=Harrow&rft.pub=Capital+Transport&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-85414-160-0&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Robbins, "London Underground and Moscow Metro," <i>Journal of Transport History,</i> (1997) 18#1 pp 45–53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gordon W. Morrell, "Redefining Intelligence and Intelligence-Gathering: The Industrial Intelligence Centre and the Metro-Vickers Affair, Moscow 1933," <i>Intelligence and National Security</i> (1994) 9#3 pp 520–533.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sachak (date unknown). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010420031732/http://sachak.chat.ru/istoria.html">История создания Московского метро</a> (History of Moscow Metro) <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jenks_2000_697–724-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jenks_2000_697%E2%80%93724_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenks2000" class="citation journal cs1">Jenks, Andrew (October 2000). "A Metro on the Mount: The Underground as a Church of Soviet Civilization". <i>Technology and Culture</i>. <b>41</b> (4): 697–724. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Ftech.2000.0160">10.1353/tech.2000.0160</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2517594">2517594</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:108455892">108455892</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technology+and+Culture&rft.atitle=A+Metro+on+the+Mount%3A+The+Underground+as+a+Church+of+Soviet+Civilization&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=697-724&rft.date=2000-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A108455892%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2517594%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Ftech.2000.0160&rft.aulast=Jenks&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://engl.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=99">Moscow Metro / Moscow Metro / General Information / Key Performance Indicators</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120310172839/http://engl.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=99">Archived</a> 10 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Engl.mosmetro.ru. Retrieved on 17 August 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">First Metro map. Retrieved from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325143605/http://www.metro.ru/map/1935/metro.ru-1935map-big1.jpg">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metro.ru/map/1935/metro.ru-1935map-big1.jpg">the original</a> on 25 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metro.ru%2Fmap%2F1935%2Fmetro.ru-1935map-big1.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Isabel Wünsche, "Homo Sovieticus: The Athletic Motif in the Design of the Dynamo Metro Station," <i>Studies in the Decorative Arts</i> (2000) 7#2 pp 65–90</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Jenks, "A Metro on the Mount," <i>Technology & Culture</i> (2000) 41#4 pp 697–723</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoyce1956" class="citation journal cs1">Voyce, Arthur (January 1956). 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Russia Since Stalin: Old Trends and New Problems. <b>303</b>: 104–115. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F000271625630300110">10.1177/000271625630300110</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1032295">1032295</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144177034">144177034</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+American+Academy+of+Political+and+Social+Science&rft.atitle=Soviet+Art+and+Architecture%3A+Recent+Developments&rft.volume=303&rft.pages=104-115&rft.date=1956-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144177034%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1032295%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F000271625630300110&rft.aulast=Voyce&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooke_1997_137–160-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_1997_137%E2%80%93160_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cooke_1997_137%E2%80%93160_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooke1997" class="citation journal cs1">Cooke, Catherine (1997). 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Moscow Transport Department. 24 September 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://transport.mos.ru/mostrans/oplata_proezda/#tab-pills-mcd">the original</a> on 16 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.date=2024-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftransport.mos.ru%2Fmostrans%2Foplata_proezda%2F%23tab-pills-mcd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/info/17166917">Она имеет протяженность 70 км и насчитывает 31 станцию ([The line</a> has the length of 70 km and counts 31 station)]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metrorailtoday.com/news/moscow-metro-launches-worlds-longest-metro-circle-line-big-circle-line-11">"Moscow Metro launches World's longest metro circle line - Big Circle Line 11 | Metro Rail Today"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moscow+Metro+launches+World%27s+longest+metro+circle+line+-+Big+Circle+Line+11+%26%23124%3B+Metro+Rail+Today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetrorailtoday.com%2Fnews%2Fmoscow-metro-launches-worlds-longest-metro-circle-line-big-circle-line-11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100113090017/http://www.bn.ru/articles/2009/12/28/54667.html"><bdi lang="ru">"Крокус" сдал "частную" станцию метро</bdi></a>. <i>bn.ru</i> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bn.ru/articles/2009/12/28/54667.html">the original</a> on 13 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bn.ru&rft.atitle=%22%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%22+%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB+%22%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E%22+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bn.ru%2Farticles%2F2009%2F12%2F28%2F54667.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ria.ru/moscow/20090310/164312774.html">"Третий пересадочный контур метро разгрузит Кольцевую ветку на 20%"</a>. RIA Novosti. 10 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B0+20%25&rft.pub=RIA+Novosti&rft.date=2009-03-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2Fmoscow%2F20090310%2F164312774.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ria.ru/moscow/20100322/215667847.html">"Власти Москвы утвердили план развития столичного метро с 2012 года"</a>. RIA Novosti. 22 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%8B+%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%81+2012+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=RIA+Novosti&rft.date=2010-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2Fmoscow%2F20100322%2F215667847.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railway-technology.com/features/moscow-metro-stations/">"The people's palace: exploring Moscow Metro's evolving designs"</a>. <i>railway-technology.com</i>. 10 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=railway-technology.com&rft.atitle=The+people%27s+palace%3A+exploring+Moscow+Metro%27s+evolving+designs&rft.date=2018-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railway-technology.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmoscow-metro-stations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mosmetro.ru/news/details/2943">"Где действует бесплатная пересадка в течение 90 минут?"</a>. the Moscow Metro. 10 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%B4%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+90+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%3F&rft.pub=the+Moscow+Metro&rft.date=2023-07-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mosmetro.ru%2Fnews%2Fdetails%2F2943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mosmetro.ru/passengers/information/ticket-rules">"Порядок пользования (обращения) проездными билетами"</a>. the Moscow Metro<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%28%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%29+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8&rft.pub=the+Moscow+Metro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mosmetro.ru%2Fpassengers%2Finformation%2Fticket-rules&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rates_2010-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rates_2010_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rates_2010_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170414080630/http://www.mosmetro.ru/tariffs/">"Table of tariffs"</a> (in Russian). City of Moscow. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mosmetro.ru/tariffs/">the original</a> on 14 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+of+tariffs&rft.pub=City+of+Moscow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mosmetro.ru%2Ftariffs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-creditcards-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-creditcards_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727014525/http://old.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=779">"Безналичная система оплаты проезда"</a>. Moscow metro. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=779">the original</a> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=Moscow+metro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.mosmetro.ru%2Fpages%2Fpage_0.php%3Fid_page%3D779&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mifareinmoscow-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mifareinmoscow_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nxp.com/news/content/file_1518.html">"Moscow Metro: the World's First Major Transport System to operate fully contactless with NXP's MIFARE Technology"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NXP_Semiconductors" title="NXP Semiconductors">NXP Semiconductors</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B8+80+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82+%C2%AB%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9%C2%BB+%E2%80%94+%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&rft.pub=City+of+Moscow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mos.ru%2Fmayor%2Fthemes%2F2299%2F11013050%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mos.ru/mayor/themes/2299/11013050/">"Почти 80 процентов поездок на метро москвичи оплачивают «Тройкой» — Собянин"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B8+80+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82+%C2%AB%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9%C2%BB+%E2%80%94+%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD&rft.pub=City+of+Moscow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mos.ru%2Fmayor%2Fthemes%2F2299%2F11013050%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220216232342/https://transport.mos.ru/mostrans/oplata_proezda/#tab-pills-biletedinyi">"Оплата проезда"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=metro.molot.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%22%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmetro.molot.ru%2Fcrash_avia.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1996/11/05/slaying-could-chill-business-with-moscow-oklahoman-in-hotel-dispute/62337432007/">"Slaying Could Chill Business with Moscow Oklahoman in Hotel Dispute"</a>. 5 November 1996.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Slaying+Could+Chill+Business+with+Moscow+Oklahoman+in+Hotel+Dispute&rft.date=1996-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oklahoman.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F1996%2F11%2F05%2Fslaying-could-chill-business-with-moscow-oklahoman-in-hotel-dispute%2F62337432007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/871792.stm">"In pictures: Moscow's bomb horror"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+pictures%3A+Moscow%27s+bomb+horror&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F871792.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metro.molot.ru/crash_zamoskv2.shtml"><bdi lang="ru">Взрыв на Замоскворецкой линии</bdi></a>. <i>metro.molot.ru</i> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=metro.molot.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmetro.molot.ru%2Fcrash_zamoskv2.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blackout-ytro-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blackout-ytro_76-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blackout-ytro_76-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrashchenkov2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Grashchenkov, Ilya (25 May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719062440/http://pda.utro.ru/articles/2005/05/25/441638.shtml"><bdi lang="ru">Как работает московское метро. Список закрытых станций</bdi></a> (in Russian). Yтро.ru. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pda.utro.ru/articles/2005/05/25/441638.shtml">the original</a> on 19 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE.+%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9&rft.date=2005-05-25&rft.aulast=Grashchenkov&rft.aufirst=Ilya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpda.utro.ru%2Farticles%2F2005%2F05%2F25%2F441638.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000085&sid=afR6LO3sb09Y&refer=europe">Moscow Metro Tunnel Collapses on Train; Nobody Hurt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060206114322/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000085">Archived</a> 6 February 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rtebomb2010-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rtebomb2010_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rtebomb2010_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rte.ie/news/2010/0329/russia.html">"38 killed in Moscow metro suicide attacks"</a>. <i>RTÉ</i>. 29 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89&rft.atitle=38+killed+in+Moscow+metro+suicide+attacks&rft.date=2010-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frte.ie%2Fnews%2F2010%2F0329%2Frussia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interfax.ru/russia/353261">"Движение на "зеленой ветке" московского метро восстановлено после аварии"</a>. <i>Interfax.ru</i> (in Russian). 22 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interfax.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%22%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5%22+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2014-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.ru%2Frussia%2F353261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/proisshestviya/1378795">"Число жертв аварии в московском метро увеличилось до 24 человек"</a>. ТАСС<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE+%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B2+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%B4%D0%BE+24+%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Fproisshestviya%2F1378795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlla_Eshchenko,_Laura_Smith-Spark_and_Holly_Yan2014" class="citation web cs1">Alla Eshchenko, Laura Smith-Spark and Holly Yan (15 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2014/07/15/world/europe/moscow-train-derailment/index.html">"Report: 22 killed in Moscow train derailment"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report%3A+22+killed+in+Moscow+train+derailment&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2014-07-15&rft.au=Alla+Eshchenko%2C+Laura+Smith-Spark+and+Holly+Yan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F07%2F15%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fmoscow-train-derailment%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110623085526/http://www.moscow-russia-insiders-guide.com/moscow-metro-2.html">"Moscow Metro 2 – The dark legend of Moscow"</a>. Moscow Russia Insider's Guide. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moscow-russia-insiders-guide.com/moscow-metro-2.html">the original</a> on 23 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moscow+Metro+2+%E2%80%93+The+dark+legend+of+Moscow&rft.pub=Moscow+Russia+Insider%27s+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moscow-russia-insiders-guide.com%2Fmoscow-metro-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metro.ru/metro2/">"Метро-2"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmetro.ru%2Fmetro2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kinopoisk.ru/film/521689/">"КиноПоиск.ru"</a>. <i>www.kinopoisk.ru</i> (in Russian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kinopoisk.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA.ru&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kinopoisk.ru%2Ffilm%2F521689%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(19)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-19 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-19"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinchester1936" class="citation cs2">Winchester, Clarence, ed. (1936), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaywondersoftheworld.com/moscow-underground.html">"Moscow's underground"</a>, <i>Railway Wonders of the World</i>, pp. 894–899</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Moscow%27s+underground&rft.btitle=Railway+Wonders+of+the+World&rft.pages=894-899&rft.date=1936&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaywondersoftheworld.com%2Fmoscow-underground.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoscow+Metro" class="Z3988"></span> illustrated contemporary description of the Moscow underground</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kuznetsov_(architect)" title="Sergey Kuznetsov (architect)">Sergey Kuznetsov</a>/ Alexander Zmeul/ Erken Kagarov: <i>Hidden Urbanism: Architecture and Design of the Moscow Metro 1935–2015</i>. Berlin 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3869224121" title="Special:BookSources/978-3869224121">978-3869224121</a>.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(20)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-20 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-20"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096941587">.mw-parser-output .attached-kml-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .attached-kml-error code{font-size:inherit;font-weight:normal;border:0}.mw-parser-output .kmldata,.mw-parser-output .attached-kml-wikidata{display:none}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right attached-kml"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Attached_KML/Moscow_Metro&action=raw">KML file</a></b> (<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Attached_KML/Moscow_Metro&action=edit">edit</a> • <a href="/wiki/Help:Attached_KML" title="Help:Attached KML">help</a>)</span></div></div> </div><div class="kmldata" data-server="en.wikipedia.org" title="Template:Attached KML/Moscow Metro"><a href="/wiki/Template:Attached_KML/Moscow_Metro" title="Template:Attached KML/Moscow Metro">Template:Attached KML/Moscow Metro</a></div><div title="KML & Wikidata" class="attached-kml-wikidata">KML is from Wikidata</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&oldid=1258855219">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&oldid=1258855219</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Moscow_Metro&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="176.58.137.204" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1732235714"> <span>Last edited on 22 November 2024, at 00:35</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88" title="مترو موسكو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مترو موسكو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Mosc%C3%BA" title="Metro de Moscú – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Metro de Moscú" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskva_metrosu" title="Moskva metrosu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Moskva metrosu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="মস্কো মেট্রো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মস্কো মেট্রো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Маскоўскі метрапалітэн – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Маскоўскі метрапалітэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Маскоўскі мэтрапалітэн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Маскоўскі мэтрапалітэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Московско метро – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Московско метро" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Moscou" title="Metro de Moscou – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Metro de Moscou" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%C4%95" title="Мускав метрополитенĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мускав метрополитенĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_v_Moskv%C4%9B" title="Metro v Moskvě – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Metro v Moskvě" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Moscfa" title="Metro Moscfa – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Metro Moscfa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskvas_metro" title="Moskvas metro – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Moskvas metro" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Moskau" title="Metro Moskau – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Metro Moskau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskva_metroo" title="Moskva metroo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Moskva metroo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CF%8C_%CE%9C%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Μετρό Μόσχας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μετρό Μόσχας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Mosc%C3%BA" title="Metro de Moscú – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Metro de Moscú" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroo_de_Moskvo" title="Metroo de Moskvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Metroo de Moskvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskuko_metroa" title="Moskuko metroa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Moskuko metroa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="متروی مسکو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="متروی مسکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Moscou" title="Métro de Moscou – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Métro de Moscou" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meitreo_Mhosc%C3%B3" title="Meitreo Mhoscó – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Meitreo Mhoscó" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Moscova" title="Metro de Moscova – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Metro de Moscova" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94_%EC%A7%80%ED%95%98%EC%B2%A0" title="모스크바 지하철 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모스크바 지하철" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Մոսկվայի մետրոպոլիտեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոսկվայի մետրոպոլիտեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovski_metro" title="Moskovski metro – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Moskovski metro" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Moskow" title="Metro Moskow – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Metro Moskow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitana_di_Mosca" title="Metropolitana di Mosca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Metropolitana di Mosca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%94" title="הרכבת התחתית של מוסקבה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרכבת התחתית של מוסקבה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მოსკოვის მეტროპოლიტენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მოსკოვის მეტროპოლიტენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%83_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Мәскеу метросы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мәскеу метросы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Канкарса метрополитен – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Канкарса метрополитен" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Moscau" title="Metro de Moscau – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Metro de Moscau" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrivia_subterranea_Moscuensis" title="Ferrivia subterranea Moscuensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ferrivia subterranea Moscuensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maskavas_metropolit%C4%93ns" title="Maskavas metropolitēns – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Maskavas metropolitēns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maskvos_metropolitenas" title="Maskvos metropolitenas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Maskvos metropolitenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moszkvai_metr%C3%B3" title="Moszkvai metró – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Moszkvai metró" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Московско метро – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Московско метро" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B" title="മോസ്കോ മെട്രോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മോസ്കോ മെട്രോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="मॉस्को मेट्रो – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मॉस्को मेट्रो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Moscow" title="Metro Moscow – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Metro Moscow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Москвагийн метро – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Москвагийн метро" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_van_Moskou" title="Metro van Moskou – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Metro van Moskou" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AF%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%89%84" title="モスクワ地下鉄 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モスクワ地下鉄" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Москван метрополитен – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Москван метрополитен" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskvas_metro" title="Moskvas metro – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Moskvas metro" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroen_i_Moskva" title="Metroen i Moskva – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Metroen i Moskva" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8tro_de_Mosc%C3%B2u" title="Mètro de Moscòu – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mètro de Moscòu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Москосо метрополитен – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Москосо метрополитен" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskva_metropoliteni" title="Moskva metropoliteni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Moskva metropoliteni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ماسکو میٹرو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ماسکو میٹرو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_w_Moskwie" title="Metro w Moskwie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Metro w Moskwie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_de_Moscovo" title="Metro de Moscovo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Metro de Moscovo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroul_din_Moscova" title="Metroul din Moscova – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Metroul din Moscova" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Московский метрополитен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Московский метрополитен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Metro" title="Moscow Metro – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Moscow Metro" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Metro" title="Moscow Metro – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Moscow Metro" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovsk%C3%A9_metro" title="Moskovské metro – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Moskovské metro" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovska_podzemna_%C5%BEeleznica" title="Moskovska podzemna železnica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Moskovska podzemna železnica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Московски метро – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Московски метро" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovski_metro" title="Moskovski metro – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Moskovski metro" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskovan_metro" title="Moskovan metro – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Moskovan metro" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskvas_tunnelbana" title="Moskvas tunnelbana – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Moskvas tunnelbana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D3%99%D2%AF_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Мәскәү метрополитены – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мәскәү метрополитены" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81" title="รถไฟใต้ดินมอสโก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รถไฟใต้ดินมอสโก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Метрои Маскав – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Метрои Маскав" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moskova_Metrosu" title="Moskova Metrosu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Moskova Metrosu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Муско метрополитен – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Муско метрополитен" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Московський метрополітен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Московський метрополітен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88" title="ماسکو میٹرو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماسکو میٹرو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A0u_%C4%91i%E1%BB%87n_ng%E1%BA%A7m_Moskva" title="Tàu điện ngầm Moskva – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tàu điện ngầm Moskva" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81" title="莫斯科地铁 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="莫斯科地铁" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E9%90%B5" title="莫斯科地下鐵 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="莫斯科地下鐵" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81" title="莫斯科地铁 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莫斯科地铁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 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