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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Norma Jean Almodovar</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Norma Jean Wright</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1951-05-27</span>) </span>May 27, 1951<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 73)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Binghamton,_New_York" title="Binghamton, New York">Binghamton, New York</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">nonprofit executive director; author; sex worker activist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">former traffic officer turned prostitute; former candidate for lieutenant governor of the State of California</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Cop to Call Girl</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal charge</th><td class="infobox-data">pandering<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal penalty</th><td class="infobox-data">three years imprisonment;<br />three years probation;<br />three years parole<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criminal status</th><td class="infobox-data category">released<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Radames Almodovar</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1970⁠–⁠1978)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Victor Savant</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1984)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://normajeanalmodovar.com">normajeanalmodovar<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Norma Jean Almodovar</b> (born May 27, 1951) is an American author and <a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">sex workers</a>' activist. Almodovar worked as a <a href="/wiki/Parking_enforcement_officer" title="Parking enforcement officer">traffic officer</a> for ten years. In 1982, she quit her job with the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Police_Department" title="Los Angeles Police Department">Los Angeles Police Department</a> and began working as a <a href="/wiki/Call_girl" title="Call girl">call girl</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stewart_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stewart-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1984, she may have attempted to recruit a former coworker to begin working as a prostitute. Her actions resulted in her arrest and conviction for <a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">pandering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-region_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-region-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, Almodovar ran for <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor" title="Lieutenant governor">lieutenant governor</a> in the <a href="/wiki/California_gubernatorial_election,_1986" class="mw-redirect" title="California gubernatorial election, 1986">California gubernatorial election</a>, as a <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stewart_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stewart-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-region_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-region-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Almodovar's autobiography was published by <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a> in 1993. She is the founder of the <a href="/wiki/International_Sex_Worker_Foundation_for_Art,_Culture_and_Education" title="International Sex Worker Foundation for Art, Culture and Education">International Sex Worker Foundation for Art, Culture and Education</a> (ISWFACE). As of 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Almodovar also serves as the executive director of the Los Angeles branch of the <a href="/wiki/Sex_workers%27_rights" title="Sex workers' rights">sex workers' rights</a> organization <a href="/wiki/COYOTE" title="COYOTE">COYOTE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-danndulin1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-danndulin1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_background">Personal background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Personal background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Norma Jean Almodovar (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Née">née</a> Wright) was born on May 27, 1951, in <a href="/wiki/Binghamton,_New_York" title="Binghamton, New York">Binghamton, New York</a>. She is the daughter of Harold M. and Helen Ruth (née) Doolittle Wright. Her father served in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">US Army</a> and, upon his return, began working in a local factory. Her mother taught school, but retired early as her family continued to grow. Almodovar is the oldest daughter, with eight brothers and five sisters.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Almodovar's childhood, her mother began attending the Baptist church, following her conversion to <a href="/wiki/Born_again_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Born again (Christianity)">Christianity</a>. From that point, Almodovar's social and spiritual life centered around the church. Fully embracing Christianity along with her mother, Almodovar felt drawn to spend her life in direct service to God. She began preparing to serve as a missionary to <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, believing that God had a higher purpose for her life.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-danndulin1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-danndulin1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1969, following her graduation from <a href="/wiki/Binghamton_High_School" title="Binghamton High School">Binghamton Central High School</a>, Almodovar enrolled in the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_College_of_the_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia College of the Bible">Philadelphia College of the Bible</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-beliefs_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beliefs-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After enrolling, she began looking for work to cover tuition and living expenses, but eventually relocated to New York City with a classmate. Soon after arriving in Manhattan, Almodovar began clerking at the <a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crisis_of_faith">Crisis of faith</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Crisis of faith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 1970, Almodovar went to California to visit relatives. After spending a week with her aunt, she spent time with some friends from New York, who had recently relocated to Los Angeles. After their arrival, her friends became involved with a religious sect that presented extreme unorthodox teachings and displayed <a href="/wiki/Cult#The_study_of_cults" title="Cult">cultic tendencies</a>. After Almodovar arrived in California, her friends began proselytizing, working to convert her to their fundamentalist beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to her visit to California, Almodovar had experienced a crisis of faith and began reconsidering her long-held spiritual beliefs, encompassing the teachings of the Baptist church and her personal conviction about the existence of God. When her group of friends expressed their beliefs, she willingly accepted their invitation and joined their church. After she became a member, she began volunteering and serving the church and leadership in various capacities.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In summer 1970, she met a relative of one of the members in the church, who had recently completed his <a href="/wiki/Tour_of_duty" title="Tour of duty">tour of duty</a> with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">US Air Force</a>. After a short courtship, she married Radames Almodovar on November 19, 1970. The marriage lasted for three years, during which time, Almodovar continued to evaluate her religious beliefs and eventually chose to distance herself from the Christian beliefs of her childhood and those of her recent conversion to the church that had been embraced by her friends. At the time of her divorce to Almodovar, she no longer embraced Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_background">Professional background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Professional background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Los_Angeles_Police_Department">Los Angeles Police Department</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Los Angeles Police Department"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1972, Almodovar joined the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) as a civilian traffic officer.<sup id="cite_ref-region_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-region-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-danndulin1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-danndulin1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the majority of her career, she was assigned to the Rampart and Hollywood Divisions, working the night shift. Her responsibilities included issuing parking tickets, recovering stolen property, and directing traffic and spectators at scene of automobile collisions, as well as the site of local fires or crime scenes. During her employment, Almodovar witnessed felony corruption and criminal activity carried out by other members of the police force. She additionally experienced three injuries while on the job.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>On the job injuries</dt></dl> <p>In 1974, Almodovar was injured, when her three-wheeled, LAPD-issued <a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a> motorcycle <a href="/wiki/Rear-end_collision" title="Rear-end collision">rear-ended</a> the vehicle in front of her. The driver of the other car initially intended to run a red light, but upon noticing the police vehicle behind him, stopped suddenly and put his car in reverse, hitting Almodovar's motorcycle. As a result of her injuries from the collision, Almodovar was on disability for over 18 months.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Almodovar's second injury came as a result of an attack by a local, well-known businessman and member of the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Commerce">Chamber of Commerce</a>. He reportedly attempted to run over Almodovar with his vehicle. While he was initially arrested for <a href="/wiki/Aggravated_assault" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggravated assault">aggravated assault</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">City of Los Angeles</a> chose not to prosecute him. Due to local statutes, as a city employee, Almodovar was not allowed to file a lawsuit to recover <a href="/wiki/Damages" title="Damages">damages</a> for the physical and emotional injuries she received.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 18, 1982, Almodovar was injured for the third time. The department vehicle that she was driving was rear-ended by a man who was heavily intoxicated. After the collision, the driver fled the scene of the accident, but was quickly apprehended after a brief pursuit by undercover police officers that were nearby. Following his apprehension, the initial investigation revealed that the driver was an <a href="/wiki/Alien_(law)" title="Alien (law)">unauthorized Mexican national</a>, who had stolen the vehicle and had just committed an <a href="/wiki/Armed_robbery" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed robbery">armed robbery</a>. While the individual was released from police custody shortly after being processed into the Hollywood jail, Almodovar was at the hospital undergoing medical tests to determine the extent of her injuries. <a href="/wiki/Radiology" title="Radiology">Radiology</a> reports indicated that she had an injured back and neck.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the incident of April 18, 1982, Almodovar became disillusioned with the Los Angeles Police Department and her former colleagues. She felt personally offended by individuals on the police force who had knowingly engaged in illegal and corrupt activities.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These activities in which officers allegedly participated, encompassed <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">organized crime</a> rings that were responsible for burglaries,<sup id="cite_ref-west_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-west-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gag_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gag-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Drug_trafficking" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug trafficking">drug trafficking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Contract_killing" title="Contract killing">contract killing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_exploitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual exploitation">sexual exploitation</a> of minors.<sup id="cite_ref-gag_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gag-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The response of the police department following Almodovar's last injury served as the <a href="/wiki/Straw_that_broke_the_camel%27s_back" title="Straw that broke the camel's back">straw that broke the camel's back</a> in the anger and disillusionment that she felt about the LAPD. She became frustrated at the lack of support from her colleagues, who consistently refused or neglected to prosecute individuals responsible for the injuries she had incurred. She was no longer confident that the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">City of Los Angeles</a> or her coworkers were able or interested in protecting her from harm. After finishing the required paperwork and accident report, Almodovar went home and never returned to work for the Los Angeles Police Department again.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prostitution">Prostitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prostitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When her disability benefits ended, Almodovar began working as a <a href="/wiki/Call_girl" title="Call girl">call girl</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Hills">Beverly Hills</a>. When asked by others why she chose to work in the <a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">sex industry</a>, she often replies that she </p> <blockquote><p>wanted to make a social statement about the moral hypocrisy of our society, a society which seemed completely untroubled by the police corruption that permeated the LAPD, and yet demanded that law enforcement spend a significant portion of its scarce and valuable resources to set-up and arrest women whose sole crime was to accept money from men for acts of sex in which they could otherwise legally engage, even with thousands of men, provided the sex was free.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Almodovar was opposed to arresting women for prostitution, done in an effort to protect them from exploitation, while the arrest itself would establish a police record and label them as a prostitute, potentially limiting opportunities throughout the rest of their lives. In comparing her work as a call girl with her work for the LAPD, she has said, "I would rather be a whore (an outcast from society) than to work for the Los Angeles Police Department. It is much more honest and I can live with myself."<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cop_to_Call_Girl"><i>Cop to Call Girl</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cop to Call Girl"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While Almodovar was working on the night shift for the LAPD, she often spent several hours waiting for a tow truck to arrive and pick up stolen and illegally parked cars. During this down time, she began working on a manuscript that documented her life and career. After leaving the police force, she continued working on the book, adding her experiences as a prostitute. The book was titled, <i>Cop to Call Girl</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-danndulin1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-danndulin1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_proceedings">Legal proceedings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legal proceedings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrest_and_probation">Arrest and probation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Arrest and probation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 17, 1983, Almodovar was arrested at her home for one count of pandering, then taken to the police station where she had previously worked. During the investigation, the police confiscated her unfinished manuscript, claiming that it was "evidence" of her crime.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The case against her centered around the testimony of a former coworker, that Almodovar attempted to recruit as a prostitute.<sup id="cite_ref-region_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-region-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her defense, Almodovar stated that she was merely helping to fulfill the sexual fantasy of the coworker and former friend, by setting her up with a wealthy businessman, who was willing to pay her for sex.<sup id="cite_ref-void_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-void-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the subsequent trial, presided by Judge <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aurelio_Mu%C3%B1oz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aurelio Muñoz (page does not exist)">Aurelio Muñoz</a>, the coworker testified that she had arrived at Almodovar's house with a hidden tape recorder to document their conversation. Almodovar stated that her coworker had approached her as part of a setup by police officials, who wanted to stop her from completing her manuscript, which detailed her sexual escapades, along with department corruption.<sup id="cite_ref-void_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-void-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was corroborated by the coworker on the witness stand, when she admitted that she had been working with other members of the LAPD to set up Almodovar, in an effort to keep her from publishing her book, which was believed to be an exposé of the inner workings and corruption of the Los Angeles Police Department.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Almodovar's defense attorney, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Teeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Teeter">Lawrence Teeter</a>, offered little credible evidence to refute the prosecution's case.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, Almodovar was convicted of one count of felony pandering, which called for a mandatory three- to six-year prison sentence. Following her conviction, the judge ordered a 90-day psychiatric evaluation to determine whether or not Almodovar posed a threat to society. She was remanded to custody on November 21, 1984, the day before Thanksgiving.<sup id="cite_ref-bio_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-region_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-region-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-danndulin1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-danndulin1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the completion of Almodovar's psychiatric evaluation on January 9, 1985, Muñoz chose to disregard the mandatory sentencing guidelines, claiming them to be <a href="/wiki/Cruel_and_unusual_punishment" title="Cruel and unusual punishment">cruel and unusual punishment</a> that was out of proportion for the actions for which Almodovar was convicted. Muñoz imposed a sentence of three years' probation.<sup id="cite_ref-void_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-void-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1985, the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office filed an appeal with the California State Court of Appeals, which overturned the sentence imposed by Muñoz and sent Almodovar to the <a href="/wiki/California_Institution_for_Women" title="California Institution for Women">California Institution for Women</a> to serve the mandatory three years required by the sentencing guidelines.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (April 2016)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Published_works">Published works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Published works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAlmodovar1993" class="citation book cs1">Almodovar, Norma Jean (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/coptocallgirl00almo"><i>Cop to call girl</i></a></span>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780671794255" title="Special:BookSources/9780671794255"><bdi>9780671794255</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cop+to+call+girl&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780671794255&rft.aulast=Almodovar&rft.aufirst=Norma+Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcoptocallgirl00almo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Almodovar, Norma Jean (2006), "Porn stars, radical feminists, cops and outlaw whores: the battle between feminist theory and reality, free speech and free spirits", in Spector, Jessica (ed.), <i>Prostitution and pornography: philosophical debate about the sex industry</i>, Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 149–174, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780804749381" title="Special:BookSources/9780804749381"><bdi>9780804749381</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Porn+stars%2C+radical+feminists%2C+cops+and+outlaw+whores%3A+the+battle+between+feminist+theory+and+reality%2C+free+speech+and+free+spirits&rft.btitle=Prostitution+and+pornography%3A+philosophical+debate+about+the+sex+industry&rft.place=Stanford&rft.pages=149-174&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780804749381&rft.aulast=Almodovar&rft.aufirst=Norma+Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bio-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bio_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.normajeanalmodovar.com/mybio.html">"Biography"</a>. Norma Jean Almodovar<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography&rft.pub=Norma+Jean+Almodovar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.normajeanalmodovar.com%2Fmybio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stewart-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stewart_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stewart_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart1986" class="citation news cs1">Stewart, Robert W. (16 December 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-12-16-me-3550-story.html">"Judges Asked to Void Conviction of Ex-Hooker"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Judges+Asked+to+Void+Conviction+of+Ex-Hooker&rft.date=1986-12-16&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1986-12-16-me-3550-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LAT1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LAT1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LAT1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LAT1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-09-08-mn-2940-story.html">"Suit Claims Officers Took 'Call Girl' Text"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. 8 September 1985<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Suit+Claims+Officers+Took+%27Call+Girl%27+Text&rft.date=1985-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1985-09-08-mn-2940-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-region-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-region_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-region_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-region_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-region_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-region_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-03-20-mn-21507-story.html">"The Region"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. March 20, 1986<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Region&rft.date=1986-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1986-03-20-mn-21507-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-danndulin1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-danndulin1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-danndulin1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-danndulin1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-danndulin1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-danndulin1_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.danndulin.com/njalmodovar.html">"Norma Jean Almodovar Interview"</a>. 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"Judge Issues Gag Order in Case of Police Officers Charged in Burglary". <i>Los Angeles Times</i>, page C1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedman, Arnie (October 3, 1976). "2 quit, 2 suspended, 7 face charges in cop sex scandal". <i>Los Angeles Times</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-06-17-mn-11607-story.html">"Ex-Officer Pleads No Contest in Molestation Case - Los Angeles Times"</a>. Articles.latimes.com. 1986-06-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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August 3, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Lawrence+Teeter%2C+56%3B+Lawyer+Tried+to+Win+New+Trial+for+RFK%27s+Killer&rft.date=2005-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2005-aug-03-me-teeter3-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJACK_JONES1989" class="citation web cs1">JACK JONES (1989-01-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-01-10-me-231-story.html">"When it comes to my own body, I believe I have the right to do with it what I want"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-08-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=When+it+comes+to+my+own+body%2C+I+believe+I+have+the+right+to+do+with+it+what+I+want.&rft.date=1989-01-10&rft.au=JACK+JONES&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1989-01-10-me-231-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorma+Jean+Almodovar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norma_Jean_Almodovar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Prostitution in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Prostitution in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Prostitution in the United States">Prostitution in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_American_Samoa" title="Prostitution in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_California" title="Prostitution in California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Los_Angeles_in_the_19th_century" title="Prostitution in Los Angeles in the 19th century">Prostitution in Los Angeles in the 19th century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guam" title="Prostitution in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hawaii" title="Prostitution in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nevada" title="Prostitution in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Rhode_Island" title="Prostitution in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_vice_in_Texas" title="History of vice in Texas">Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Building_at_217_West_Main_Street" title="Building at 217 West Main Street">217 West Main Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel%27s_Ladies" title="Angel's Ladies">Angel's Ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold%27s_Bar_and_Grill" title="Arnold's Bar and Grill">Arnold's Bar and Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Meadows_Sky_Ranch" title="Ash Meadows Sky Ranch">Ash Meadows Sky Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Cage_Theatre" title="Bird Cage Theatre">Bird Cage Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Ranch_(Nevada)" title="Chicken Ranch (Nevada)">Chicken Ranch (Nevada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Ranch_(Texas)" title="Chicken Ranch (Texas)">Chicken Ranch (Texas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottontail_Ranch" title="Cottontail Ranch">Cottontail Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hof%27s_Love_Ranch" title="Dennis Hof's Love Ranch">Dennis Hof's Love Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna%27s_Ranch" title="Donna's Ranch">Donna's Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumas_Brothel" title="Dumas Brothel">Dumas Brothel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everleigh_Club" title="Everleigh Club">Everleigh Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Laramie_Three-Mile_Hog_Ranch" title="Fort Laramie Three-Mile Hog Ranch">Fort Laramie Three-Mile Hog Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleim_Building" title="Gleim Building">Gleim Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Kat_Guest_Ranch" title="Kit Kat Guest Ranch">Kit Kat Guest Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_Apartments" title="Lester Apartments">Lester Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brothels_in_Nevada" title="List of brothels in Nevada">List of brothels in Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Ranch" title="The Love Ranch">The Love Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Todd_Lincoln_House" title="Mary Todd Lincoln House">Mary Todd Lincoln House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Hattie%27s_Bordello" title="Miss Hattie's Bordello">Miss Hattie's Bordello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonlite_BunnyRanch" title="Moonlite BunnyRanch">Moonlite BunnyRanch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustang_Ranch" title="Mustang Ranch">Mustang Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._1_Geisha" title="No. 1 Geisha">No. 1 Geisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bridge_Ranch" title="Old Bridge Ranch">Old Bridge Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paresis_Hall" title="Paresis Hall">Paresis Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagebrush_Ranch" title="Sagebrush Ranch">Sagebrush Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shady_Lady_Ranch" class="mw-redirect" title="Shady Lady Ranch">Shady Lady Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheri%27s_Ranch" title="Sheri's Ranch">Sheri's Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star_(Ketchikan,_Alaska)" title="The Star (Ketchikan, Alaska)">The Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Jail_Building_and_Row_House" title="Stone Jail Building and Row House">Stone Jail Building and Row House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Horse_Adult_Resort_%26_Spa" title="Wild Horse Adult Resort & Spa">Wild Horse Adult Resort & Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_House_(Grand_Encampment,_Wyoming)" title="Willis House (Grand Encampment, Wyoming)">Willis House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USAID_v._Alliance_for_Open_Society_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID v. Alliance for Open Society (2013)">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USAID_v._Alliance_for_Open_Society_(2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID v. Alliance for Open Society (2020)">2020</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bennis_v._Michigan" title="Bennis v. Michigan">Bennis v. Michigan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamberlain%E2%80%93Kahn_Act" title="Chamberlain–Kahn Act">Chamberlain–Kahn Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mann_Act" title="Mann Act">Mann Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raines_law" title="Raines law">Raines law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Light_Abatement_Act" title="Red Light Abatement Act">Red Light Abatement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controlling_Vice:_Regulating_Brothel_Prostitution_in_St._Paul,_1865%E2%80%931883" title="Controlling Vice: Regulating Brothel Prostitution in St. Paul, 1865–1883">Regulating Brothel Prostitution in St. Paul, 1865–1883</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Pimp" title="American Pimp">American Pimp</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dreamcatcher_(2015_film)" title="Dreamcatcher (2015 film)">Dreamcatcher</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secrets_of_a_Hollywood_Super_Madam" title="Secrets of a Hollywood Super Madam">Secrets of a Hollywood Super Madam</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BAYSWAN" title="BAYSWAN">BAYSWAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COYOTE" title="COYOTE">COYOTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_Now" title="Equality Now">Equality Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_the_Slaves" title="Free the Slaves">Free the Slaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Workers_Outreach_Project_USA" title="Sex Workers Outreach Project USA">SWOP-USA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norma Jean Almodovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Cherry" title="Fred Cherry">Fred Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Fifteen" title="Committee of Fifteen">Committee of Fifteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Fourteen" title="Committee of Fourteen">Committee of Fourteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robyn_Few" title="Robyn Few">Robyn Few</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa_Gira_Grant" title="Melissa Gira Grant">Melissa Gira Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Leigh" title="Carol Leigh">Carol Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Little" title="Alice Little">Alice Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Livingston" title="Rose Livingston">Rose Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Meg Muñoz">Meg Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Female_Moral_Reform_Society" title="New England Female Moral Reform Society">New England Female Moral Reform Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Female_Moral_Reform_Society" title="New York Female Moral Reform Society">New York Female Moral Reform Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Project" title="Polaris Project">Polaris Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Quan" title="Tracy Quan">Tracy Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audacia_Ray" title="Audacia Ray">Audacia Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Sprinkle" title="Annie Sprinkle">Annie Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margo_St._James" title="Margo St. James">Margo St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_White_(activist)" title="Sheila White (activist)">Sheila White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothel</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">owners<br />and<br />madams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Adams_(madam)" title="Elizabeth Adams (madam)">Elizabeth Adams</a> (aka, Madam Alex)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polly_Adler" title="Polly Adler">Polly Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ah_Toy" title="Ah Toy">Ah Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Airey" title="Josephine Airey">Josephine Airey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Allen" title="Brenda Allen">Brenda Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josie_Arlington" title="Josie Arlington">Josie Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Baker_(madam)" title="Dorothy Baker (madam)">Dorothy Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Biddle_Barrows" title="Sydney Biddle Barrows">Sydney Biddle Barrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sue" title="Big Sue">Big Sue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Brezing" title="Belle Brezing">Belle Brezing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Bulette" title="Julia Bulette">Julia Bulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilma_Burt" title="Hilma Burt">Hilma Burt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Clifford" title="Nina Clifford">Nina Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Jim_Colosimo" title="Big Jim Colosimo">Big Jim Colosimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Conforte" title="Joseph Conforte">Joseph Conforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Cora" title="Belle Cora">Belle Cora</a> (Arabella Ryan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cora_Crane" title="Cora Crane">Cora Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Cump%C4%83na%C8%99" title="Ana Cumpănaș">Ana Cumpănaș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristin_M._Davis" title="Kristin M. Davis">Kristin M. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Doty" title="Phoebe Doty">Phoebe Doty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_DuFran" title="Dora DuFran">Dora DuFran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ada_and_Minna_Everleigh" title="Ada and Minna Everleigh">Ada and Minna Everleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mame_Faye" title="Mame Faye">Mame Faye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vina_Fields" title="Vina Fields">Vina Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Fleiss" title="Heidi Fleiss">Heidi Fleiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Gibson" title="Jody Gibson">Jody Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_%22Tex%22_Gill" title="Dante "Tex" Gill">Dante "Tex" Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Gleim" title="Mary Gleim">Mary Gleim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Graham_(Seattle_madam)" title="Lou Graham (Seattle madam)">Lou Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Gray" title="Eunice Gray">Eunice Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Hall" title="Mary Ann Hall">Mary Ann Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Jane_Haskins" title="Hester Jane Haskins">Hester Jane Haskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Haycraft" title="Eliza Haycraft">Eliza Haycraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Heitler" title="Mike Heitler">Mike Heitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hof" title="Dennis Hof">Dennis Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollie_Johnson" title="Mollie Johnson">Mollie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Lape" title="Lizzie Lape">Lizzie Lape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Leroy" title="Kitty Leroy">Kitty Leroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Light_Lizzie" title="Red Light Lizzie">Red Light Lizzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bell_McDaniel" title="Laura Bell McDaniel">Laura Bell McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_Miller" title="Adeline Miller">Adeline Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Damnable" title="Mother Damnable">Mother Damnable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Meg Muñoz">Meg Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Jeane_Palfrey" title="Deborah Jeane Palfrey">Deborah Jeane Palfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Peixotto" title="Grace Peixotto">Grace Peixotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Piazza" title="Willie Piazza">Willie Piazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poker_Alice" title="Poker Alice">Poker Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Porter" title="Fannie Porter">Fannie Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Silks" title="Mattie Silks">Mattie Silks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Stanford" title="Sally Stanford">Sally Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Starr" title="Pearl Starr">Pearl Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libby_Thompson" title="Libby Thompson">Libby Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Thompson_(businesswoman)" title="Mary Thompson (businesswoman)">Mary Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Townsend" title="Kate Townsend">Kate Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Trump" title="Frederick Trump">Frederick Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_L._Turbiville" title="Deborah L. Turbiville">Deborah L. Turbiville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_de_Vere" title="Pearl de Vere">Pearl de Vere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessie_Wall" title="Tessie Wall">Tessie Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulu_White" title="Lulu White">Lulu White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnie_White" title="Minnie White">Minnie White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Wilson_(madam)" title="Anna Wilson (madam)">Anna Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Wooster" title="Louise Wooster">Louise Wooster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">Courtesans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Alexandra_Dupr%C3%A9" title="Ashley Alexandra Dupré">Ashley Alexandra Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillie_Langtry" title="Lillie Langtry">Lillie Langtry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_White" title="Fanny White">Fanny White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">Pimps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Bowers" title="Scotty Bowers">Scotty Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Jane_Haskins" title="Hester Jane Haskins">Hester Jane Haskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Heitler" title="Mike Heitler">Mike Heitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hof" title="Dennis Hof">Dennis Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice-T" title="Ice-T">Ice-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceberg_Slim" title="Iceberg Slim">Iceberg Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_%22Magic%22_Juan" title="Don "Magic" Juan">Don "Magic" Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Light_Lizzie" title="Red Light Lizzie">Red Light Lizzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Ruby" title="Jack Ruby">Jack Ruby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Shelton" title="Lee Shelton">Lee Shelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillmore_Slim" title="Fillmore Slim">Fillmore Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Swearengen" title="Al Swearengen">Al Swearengen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Tinerino" title="Dennis Tinerino">Dennis Tinerino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">Prostitutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ah_Toy" title="Ah Toy">Ah Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Amy" title="Air Force Amy">Air Force Amy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Airey" title="Josephine Airey">Josephine Airey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Allen" title="Brenda Allen">Brenda Allen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norma Jean Almodovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josie_Arlington" title="Josie Arlington">Josie Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Avalon" title="Mickey Avalon">Mickey Avalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Baker_(madam)" title="Dorothy Baker (madam)">Dorothy Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Berkowitz" title="Richard Berkowitz">Richard Berkowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Bessie" title="Diamond Bessie">Diamond Bessie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Nose_Kate" title="Big Nose Kate">Big Nose Kate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Blaylock" title="Mattie Blaylock">Mattie Blaylock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Bowers" title="Scotty Bowers">Scotty Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Ray_Bowles" title="Gary Ray Bowles">Gary Ray Bowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_A._Bowman" title="Sarah A. Bowman">Sarah A. Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandi_Britton" title="Brandi Britton">Brandi Britton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Brown_(murder_victim)" title="Carrie Brown (murder victim)">Carrie Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Brown_(prostitute)" title="Julia Brown (prostitute)">Julia Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Bulette" title="Julia Bulette">Julia Bulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Crystal_Carver" title="Lisa Crystal Carver">Lisa Crystal Carver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Clevenger" title="Sylvia Clevenger">Sylvia Clevenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cunanan" title="Andrew Cunanan">Andrew Cunanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeysuckle_Divine" title="Honeysuckle Divine">Honeysuckle Divine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issan_Dorsey" title="Issan Dorsey">Issan Dorsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Doty" title="Phoebe Doty">Phoebe Doty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_DuFran" title="Dora DuFran">Dora DuFran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Elliott" title="Pearl Elliott">Pearl Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robyn_Few" title="Robyn Few">Robyn Few</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Fire" title="Alexis Fire">Alexis Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Fish" title="Albert Fish">Albert Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florrie_Fisher" title="Florrie Fisher">Florrie Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Fleiss" title="Heidi Fleiss">Heidi Fleiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Forney" title="Ali Forney">Ali Forney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denham_Fouts" title="Denham Fouts">Denham Fouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Lee_Gardner" title="Ronnie Lee Gardner">Ronnie Lee Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Gibson" title="Jody Gibson">Jody Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billi_Gordon" title="Billi Gordon">Billi Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hall" title="Maggie Hall">Maggie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Halsted" title="Fred Halsted">Fred Halsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Haycraft" title="Eliza Haycraft">Eliza Haycraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Jo_Henry" title="Toni Jo Henry">Toni Jo Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holcomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Holcomb">Richard Holcomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endesha_Ida_Mae_Holland" title="Endesha Ida Mae Holland">Endesha Ida Mae Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xaviera_Hollander" title="Xaviera Hollander">Xaviera Hollander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amber_L._Hollibaugh" title="Amber L. Hollibaugh">Amber L. Hollibaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Holliday" title="Jason Holliday">Jason Holliday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holmes_(actor)" title="John Holmes (actor)">John Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calamity_Jane" title="Calamity Jane">Calamity Jane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Jewett" title="Helen Jewett">Helen Jewett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Johnson_(entertainer)" title="Dean Johnson (entertainer)">Dean Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollie_Johnson" title="Mollie Johnson">Mollie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_La_Tourneaux" title="Robert La Tourneaux">Robert La Tourneaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jillian_Lauren" title="Jillian Lauren">Jillian Lauren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Leroy" title="Kitty Leroy">Kitty Leroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Livingston" title="Rose Livingston">Rose Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Little" title="Alice Little">Alice Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Lobert" title="Annie Lobert">Annie Lobert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crazy_Lou" title="Crazy Lou">Crazy Lou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Magnanti" title="Brooke Magnanti">Brooke Magnanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_May" title="Chicago May">Chicago May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_May" title="Rosa May">Rosa May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bell_McDaniel" title="Laura Bell McDaniel">Laura Bell McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_Miller" title="Adeline Miller">Adeline Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Della_Moore" title="Della Moore">Della Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Tanya_Moore_and_Tina_Rodriguez" title="Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez">Tanya Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicki_Morgan" title="Vicki Morgan">Vicki Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Featherlegs" title="Mother Featherlegs">Mother Featherlegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_O%27Hara" title="Jean O'Hara">Jean O'Hara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Payton" title="Barbara Payton">Barbara Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Peete" title="Louise Peete">Louise Peete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Piazza" title="Willie Piazza">Willie Piazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Porter" title="Fannie Porter">Fannie Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Quan" title="Tracy Quan">Tracy Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Tanya_Moore_and_Tina_Rodriguez" title="Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez">Tina Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalimar_Seiuli" title="Shalimar Seiuli">Shalimar Seiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Silks" title="Mattie Silks">Mattie Silks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Solanas" title="Valerie Solanas">Valerie Solanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeda_Sperry" title="Almeda Sperry">Almeda Sperry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Sprinkle" title="Annie Sprinkle">Annie Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Spungen" title="Nancy Spungen">Nancy Spungen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margo_St._James" title="Margo St. James">Margo St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Starr" title="Pearl Starr">Pearl Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Henry_Sterry" title="David Henry Sterry">David Henry Sterry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Stowe" title="Star Stowe">Star Stowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Thomas" title="Sunset Thomas">Sunset Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estella_Marie_Thompson" title="Estella Marie Thompson">Estella Marie Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libby_Thompson" title="Libby Thompson">Libby Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ellen_Tracy" title="Mary Ellen Tracy">Mary Ellen Tracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Tyson" title="Tiger Tyson">Tiger Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_de_Vere" title="Pearl de Vere">Pearl de Vere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_White_(activist)" title="Sheila White (activist)">Sheila White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Wilson_(madam)" title="Anna Wilson (madam)">Anna Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Wooster" title="Louise Wooster">Louise Wooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aileen_Wuornos" title="Aileen Wuornos">Aileen Wuornos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Xtravaganza" title="Venus Xtravaganza">Venus Xtravaganza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Client_(prostitution)" title="Client (prostitution)">Johns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craig_J._Spence" title="Craig J. Spence">Craig J. Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliot_Spitzer_prostitution_scandal" title="Eliot Spitzer prostitution scandal">Eliot Spitzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_red-light_districts#United_States" title="List of red-light districts">Red-light districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_Coast,_San_Francisco" title="Barbary Coast, San Francisco">Barbary Coast, San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Block,_Baltimore" title="The Block, Baltimore">The Block, Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(San_Francisco)" title="Broadway (San Francisco)">Broadway (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucktown,_Davenport" title="Bucktown, Davenport">Bucktown, Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_District,_Omaha" title="Burnt District, Omaha">Burnt District, Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheshire_Bridge_Road" title="Cheshire Bridge Road">Cheshire Bridge Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Honolulu" title="Chinatown, Honolulu">Chinatown, Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Avenue_(San_Francisco)" title="Columbus Avenue (San Francisco)">Columbus Avenue (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Zone,_Boston" title="Combat Zone, Boston">Combat Zone, Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_Street_(Ketchikan,_Alaska)" title="Creek Street (Ketchikan, Alaska)">Creek Street (Ketchikan, Alaska)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont_Street" title="Fremont Street">Fremont Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Half_Acre_(Fort_Worth)" title="Hell's Half Acre (Fort Worth)">Hell's Half Acre (Fort Worth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunts_Point,_Bronx" title="Hunts Point, Bronx">Hunts Point, Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington,_Philadelphia" title="Kensington, Philadelphia">Kensington, Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Strip" title="Las Vegas Strip">Las Vegas Strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Levee,_Chicago" title="The Levee, Chicago">The Levee, Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Avenue_(Pittsburgh)" title="Liberty Avenue (Pittsburgh)">Liberty Avenue (Pittsburgh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Strip" title="Minnesota Strip">Minnesota Strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrell%27s_Row" title="Murrell's Row">Murrell's Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_State_Route_582" title="Nevada State Route 582">Nevada State Route 582</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Street_(Boston)" title="North Street (Boston)">North Street (Boston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Liberties,_Philadelphia" title="Northern Liberties, Philadelphia">Northern Liberties, Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Sporting_District" title="San Antonio Sporting District">San Antonio Sporting District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepulveda_Boulevard" title="Sepulveda Boulevard">Sepulveda Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slabtown_(Atlanta)" title="Slabtown (Atlanta)">Slabtown (Atlanta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan" title="SoHo, Manhattan">SoHo, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporting_District,_Omaha" title="Sporting District, Omaha">Sporting District, Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stingaree,_San_Diego" title="Stingaree, San Diego">Stingaree, San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyville,_New_Orleans" title="Storyville, New Orleans">Storyville, New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard" title="Sunset Boulevard">Sunset Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_Manhattan" title="Tenderloin, Manhattan">Tenderloin, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin, San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Alley,_Butte" title="Venus Alley, Butte">Venus Alley, Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Avenue_(Los_Angeles)" title="Western Avenue (Los Angeles)">Western Avenue (Los Angeles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Violence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denver_Prostitute_Killer" title="Denver Prostitute Killer">Denver Prostitute Killer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappearance_of_Jessie_Foster" title="Disappearance of Jessie Foster">Disappearance of Jessie Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Brown_(murder_victim)" title="Carrie Brown (murder victim)">Murder of Carrie Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Tanya_Moore_and_Tina_Rodriguez" title="Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez">Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989_DC_Prostitute_Expulsion" title="1989 DC Prostitute Expulsion">1989 DC Prostitute Expulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Apple_Oriental_Tours" title="Big Apple Oriental Tours">Big Apple Oriental Tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_penitentiary" title="Church penitentiary">Church penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_sexual_exploitation_of_children#United_States" title="Commercial sexual exploitation of children">Commercial sexual exploitation of children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperors_Club_VIP" title="Emperors Club VIP">Emperors Club VIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hookers_for_Hillary" title="Hookers for Hillary">Hookers for Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hour" title="John Hour">John Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_school" title="John school">John school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stormy_Nights" title="Operation Stormy Nights">Operation Stormy Nights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_abuse_of_sex_workers_in_the_United_States" title="Police abuse of sex workers in the United States">Police abuse of sex workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Harlem_Renaissance" title="Prostitution in Harlem Renaissance">Prostitution in Harlem Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_the_United_States" title="Sex trafficking in the United States">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_minute_men" title="Three minute men">Three minute men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truckers_Against_Trafficking" title="Truckers Against Trafficking">Truckers Against Trafficking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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