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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Combat_Zone,_Boston&params=42.3515_N_71.0628_W_region:US-MA_type:city"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°21′05″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°03′46″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.3515°N 71.0628°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.3515; -71.0628</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1960s adult entertainment district in Boston, Massachusetts</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:State_Theatre,_Boston,_MA,_1967.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/State_Theatre%2C_Boston%2C_MA%2C_1967.jpg/220px-State_Theatre%2C_Boston%2C_MA%2C_1967.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/State_Theatre%2C_Boston%2C_MA%2C_1967.jpg/330px-State_Theatre%2C_Boston%2C_MA%2C_1967.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/State_Theatre%2C_Boston%2C_MA%2C_1967.jpg/440px-State_Theatre%2C_Boston%2C_MA%2C_1967.jpg 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="484" /></a><figcaption>The State Theatre, 1967<br />by <a href="/wiki/Nick_DeWolf" title="Nick DeWolf">Nick DeWolf</a></figcaption></figure> <p>"<b>Combat Zone</b>" was the name given in the 1960s to the <a href="/wiki/Adult_entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult entertainment">adult entertainment</a> district in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Boston" title="Downtown Boston">downtown Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. Centered on <a href="/wiki/Washington_Street_(Boston)" title="Washington Street (Boston)">Washington Street</a> between Boylston Street and Kneeland Street, the area was once the site of many <a href="/wiki/Strip_club" title="Strip club">strip clubs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peep_show" title="Peep show">peep shows</a>, <a href="/wiki/X_rating" title="X rating">X-rated</a> movie theaters, and <a href="/wiki/Adult_bookstore" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult bookstore">adult bookstores</a>. It had a reputation for crime, including <a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">prostitution</a>. </p><p>In 1974, in an attempt to contain the spread of adult businesses, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Redevelopment_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Redevelopment Authority">Boston Redevelopment Authority</a> officially designated the Combat Zone as the city's adult entertainment district. For a variety of reasons, such as rising property values and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Home_video" title="Home video">home video</a> technology, most of the adult businesses in the area have since closed, and the "Combat Zone" moniker has become obsolete. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name "Combat Zone" was popularized through a series of exposé articles on the area <a href="/wiki/Jean_Cole" title="Jean Cole">Jean Cole</a> wrote for the Boston <i><a href="/wiki/Boston_Herald" title="Boston Herald">Daily Record</a></i> in the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The moniker described an area that resembled a war zone both because of its well-known crime and violence, and because many soldiers and sailors on shore leave from the <a href="/wiki/Charlestown_(Boston)_Navy_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlestown (Boston) Navy Yard">Charlestown (Boston) Navy Yard</a> frequented the many strip clubs and brothels while in uniform.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Combat Zone began to form in the early 1960s, when city officials razed the West End and former <a href="/wiki/Red_light_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Red light district">red light district</a> at <a href="/wiki/Scollay_Square" title="Scollay Square">Scollay Square</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Faneuil_Hall" title="Faneuil Hall">Faneuil Hall</a>, to build the <a href="/wiki/Government_Center,_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Center, Boston, Massachusetts">Government Center</a> <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">urban renewal</a> project. Displaced Scollay Square denizens relocated to the lower Washington Street area because it was only half a mile away, the rents were low,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the residents of nearby <a href="/wiki/Chinatown_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinatown (Boston)">Chinatown</a> lacked the political power to keep them out.<sup id="cite_ref-berson_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-berson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally, there was an attempt to name the area <b>Liberty Tree Neighborhood</b> after the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Tree" title="Liberty Tree">Liberty Tree</a> that once stood in the area, but the name did not catch on.<sup id="cite_ref-Kifner_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kifner-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lower Washington Street was already part of Boston's entertainment district with a number of <a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">movie theaters</a>, bars, delicatessens, and restaurants that catered to night life. It was located between the classic, studio-built movie palaces such as the <a href="/wiki/RKO_Keith%27s_Theatre_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="RKO Keith's Theatre (Boston)">RKO Keith's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Theatre_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramount Theatre (Boston, Massachusetts)">Paramount</a> theatres and the stage <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">theatres</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Theatre_(Boston)" title="Colonial Theatre (Boston)">Colonial</a> on Boylston Street.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the closing of the <a href="/wiki/American_burlesque" title="American burlesque">burlesque</a> theatres in Scollay Square, many of the bars began to feature <a href="/wiki/Go-go_dancing" title="Go-go dancing">go-go dancers</a> and, later, <a href="/wiki/Nude" class="mw-redirect" title="Nude">nude</a> dancers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1970s, when laws against <a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">obscenity</a> were relaxed,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> many of the cinemas then screening second-run films began screening <a href="/wiki/Adult_movie" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult movie">adult movies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peak_years:_Mid-1960s_–_late_1970s"><span id="Peak_years:_Mid-1960s_.E2.80.93_late_1970s"></span>Peak years: Mid-1960s – late 1970s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Peak years: Mid-1960s – late 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg/220px-Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg/330px-Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg/440px-Boston%27s_Combat_Zone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="673" /></a><figcaption>The Naked i, one of the Combat Zone's larger strip clubs</figcaption></figure> <p>During the Combat Zone's heyday, some of the larger strip clubs were Naked i Cabaret (famous for its animated <a href="/wiki/Neon_sign" title="Neon sign">neon sign</a> which superimposed an eye over a woman's crotch), Club 66, the Teddy Bear Lounge, and the Two O'Clock Club.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides the strip clubs and <a href="/wiki/X-rated" class="mw-redirect" title="X-rated">X-rated</a> movie theaters, numerous <a href="/wiki/Peep_show" title="Peep show">peep shows</a> and adult bookstores lined most of Washington Street between Boylston Street and Kneeland Street. In 1976, <i>The Wall Street Journal</i> called the area "a sexual Disneyland".<sup id="cite_ref-ashbrook_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ashbrook-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The prevailing attitude towards <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuality</a> at the time was one of intolerance. Lower Washington Street, by contrast, was known for many years as the "Gay Times Square".<sup id="cite_ref-improper_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-improper-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-umbwiki_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-umbwiki-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the area changed, that nickname fell out of circulation, but the Combat Zone's relatively open atmosphere still attracted many <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> people. Popular gathering spots included the <a href="/wiki/Playland_Caf%C3%A9" title="Playland Café">Playland Café</a> on Essex Street, the Stuart Theater on Washington Street, and many others. Nearby <a href="/wiki/Park_Square_(Boston)" title="Park Square (Boston)">Park Square</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bay_Village,_Boston" title="Bay Village, Boston">Bay Village</a> were home to several gay and drag bars, such as the Punch Bowl and Jacques Cabaret.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Combat Zone's detractors often grouped homosexuals, transvestites, prostitutes, strippers, purveyors of adult books and films, and drug dealers together under an umbrella of perceived immorality. Jeremiah Murphy wrote in a 1973 <i>Boston Globe</i> article about the Combat Zone, "Now it is almost 3 a.m. and the gay bars have closed and the fags and hookers and pimps and pushers roam the streets."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 1974 <i>Boston Herald</i> article, representatives of the Sack Theater Chain called the Combat Zone "Satan's playground" and "a malignancy comprised of pimps, prostitutes, erotica, and merchants of immorality" whose growth had to be removed.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As late as 1984 the <i>Globe</i> was referring to certain theaters in the Zone as "notorious gathering places for homosexuals".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Combat Zone was also recognized as being racially diverse at a time when other Boston neighborhoods were relatively segregated.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his memoir, Jonathan Tudan recalls the tension in his Tremont Street building over news of an impending police raid in 1969. Along with the drug dealers and prostitutes, he writes, "mixed-race couples shacking up have begun to nervously doubt their freedom."<sup id="cite_ref-tudan_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tudan-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prostitution">Prostitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prostitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_(11223219814).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223219814%29.jpg/220px-Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223219814%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223219814%29.jpg/330px-Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223219814%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223219814%29.jpg/440px-Marquee_at_Pilgrim_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223219814%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5831" data-file-height="4677" /></a><figcaption>The Pilgrim Theater, 1960s.<br />City Censor, City of Boston</figcaption></figure> <p>LaGrange Street, a small one-way street which runs between Washington and Tremont Streets, was the principal gathering spot for <a href="/wiki/Street_prostitution" title="Street prostitution">street prostitutes</a>. Most congregated near "Good Time Charlie's" at 25 LaGrange Street.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/The_Pilgrim_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="The Pilgrim Theater">The Pilgrim Theater</a>, one of the last old time burlesque houses, was the site of a political scandal in December 1974 when the Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/House_Ways_and_Means_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Ways and Means Committee">House Ways and Means Committee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Mills" title="Wilbur Mills">Wilbur Mills</a> democrat, seemingly inebriated, appeared on stage with stripper <a href="/wiki/Fanne_Foxe" title="Fanne Foxe">Fanne Foxe</a>, "The Argentine Firecracker".<sup id="cite_ref-ashbrook_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ashbrook-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pilgrim then ceased to feature live shows, instead focusing on X-rated movies, and became a cruising site for men to have (paid or unpaid) sex with men.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>State Representative <a href="/wiki/Barney_Frank" title="Barney Frank">Barney Frank</a> made a name for himself in the mid-1970s as a political defender of the Combat Zone. Frank took a <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">libertarian</a> view on vice, bucking the consensus that the area needed to be "cleaned up". At the same time he wanted to prevent the Zone's adult businesses from spreading into the affluent <a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Boston" title="Beacon Hill, Boston">Beacon Hill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Back_Bay,_Boston" title="Back Bay, Boston">Back Bay</a> neighborhoods where they might disturb his constituents.<sup id="cite_ref-ashbrook_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ashbrook-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1975, with the support of Boston Police Commissioner <a href="/wiki/Robert_DiGrazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert DiGrazia">Robert DiGrazia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frank introduced a bill that would have legalized the sex-for-hire business but kept it quarantined in a red light district, which would be moved to Boston's <a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Boston" title="Financial District, Boston">Financial District</a>. The Financial District was not populated at night, unlike the areas abutting the Combat Zone.<sup id="cite_ref-frank_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frank-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fischer_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fischer-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Combat Zone had other supporters. Boston Mayor <a href="/wiki/Kevin_White_(mayor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevin White (mayor)">Kevin White</a> was in favor of allowing adult businesses to operate within defined boundaries,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as was conservative pundit <a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">William F. Buckley Jr.</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1975, White made headlines when he made an unannounced tour of the Combat Zone, visiting several establishments where he went largely unrecognized.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When approached by a prostitute on LaGrange Street, White replied, "Thank you, I'm too old."<sup id="cite_ref-ashbrook_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ashbrook-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many Combat Zone prostitutes, both male and female, were <a href="/wiki/Minor_(law)" title="Minor (law)">minors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1975, 97 girls under the age of 17 were arrested in the Combat Zone for prostitution. A spokesperson for the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Police_Department" title="Boston Police Department">Boston Police Department</a> called that "the tip of the iceberg", explaining that minors were more often charged with being a Child in Need of Services.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Audrey Morrissey, a former underage Combat Zone prostitute who went on to become the associate director of a victims' service agency, recalled that in her day, underage prostitutes were held responsible for what would now be considered a crime against them, while <a href="/wiki/Prostitution#Etymology_and_terminology" title="Prostitution">johns</a> were rarely arrested.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_crime">Other crime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other crime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Combat Zone had a reputation for violent crime which, while not unfounded, was sensationalized by the press.<sup id="cite_ref-schaefer_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 1975, Police Superintendent <a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Jordan" title="Joseph M. Jordan">Joseph M. Jordan</a> (who later became the Commissioner) told reporters that Boston's most "troublesome" police districts were Districts 2 (Roxbury), 3 (Mattapan) and 4 (Back Bay/South End). The Combat Zone was in District 1.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Street crime in the Combat Zone was commonly attributed to the blighting influence of adult businesses, despite the fact that the area had been a <a href="/wiki/Skid_row" title="Skid row">skid row</a> before their arrival.<sup id="cite_ref-schaefer_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a 1977 <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> magazine article put it, "Violence has followed the vice."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newspaper reporters routinely suggested that adult businesses in the Combat Zone were connected to <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">organized crime</a>. Although those rumors were largely unsubstantiated,<sup id="cite_ref-schaefer_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at least one establishment did have such a connection: Jay's Lounge on Tremont Street, owned by mob boss <a href="/wiki/Gennaro_Angiulo" title="Gennaro Angiulo">Gennaro Angiulo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ford_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ford-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The murder of Andrew Puopolo in the Combat Zone, in November 1976, led to <i>Commonwealth v. Soares</i>, the seminal Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court case barring racial discrimination in jury selection.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area also had a problem with police corruption, according to a 1976 Special Investigations Unit report on Police District One. The report alleged that "a direct relationship existed between ... the highest ranking member of the District One command staff and the Angiulo family during the period in question ... the unusual police service attending the Angiulo funeral can only be explained as an act of respect and fealty to an organized crime overlord by the deputy superintendent." According to the report, officers ignored organized crime and confined themselves to arresting low-level offenders such as street <a href="/wiki/Bookmaker" title="Bookmaker">bookies</a>, prostitutes, and drug users. District One was allegedly the center of a major gambling syndicate, but officers who worked there refused to investigate, fearing reprisal by their superiors.<sup id="cite_ref-police_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-police-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Combat Zone was also reputedly a center for illegal gun sales.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another controversial practice that was common in the Combat Zone was <a href="/wiki/Bargirl" title="Bargirl">drink solicitation</a>. In violation of Boston's "mingling" regulations, dancers and hostesses at some bars were paid to socialize with customers and encourage them to buy drinks.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bars were occasionally raided and shut down for "B-girl activity".<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zoning">Zoning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Zoning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boston%27s_Adult_Entertainment_District,_Zoning_Map,_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Boston%27s_Adult_Entertainment_District%2C_Zoning_Map%2C_1974.jpg/220px-Boston%27s_Adult_Entertainment_District%2C_Zoning_Map%2C_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Boston%27s_Adult_Entertainment_District%2C_Zoning_Map%2C_1974.jpg/330px-Boston%27s_Adult_Entertainment_District%2C_Zoning_Map%2C_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Boston%27s_Adult_Entertainment_District%2C_Zoning_Map%2C_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="586" /></a><figcaption>1974 zoning map of Boston's adult entertainment district.<br />Boston Redevelopment Authority</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974, when the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court declared the state's obscenity laws unconstitutional, city officials feared that Boston was about to become a "mecca of pornography".<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Boston_Redevelopment_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Redevelopment Authority">Boston Redevelopment Authority</a> tried to contain the spread of adult businesses by designating the Combat Zone as the official adult entertainment district.<sup id="cite_ref-jordan_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jordan-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This district was exempted from the usual ban on flashing neon signs.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, the BRA made ambitious plans to improve the area's aesthetics. That year, funding was approved for Liberty Tree Park, a small park near the site of the historic <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Tree" title="Liberty Tree">Liberty Tree</a>, as "the first step in improving the Combat Zone."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boston was the first American city to establish a specific zone for adult entertainment.<sup id="cite_ref-jordan_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jordan-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most cities, such as <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>, used zoning regulations to disperse adult businesses and prevent them from forming a district.<sup id="cite_ref-clapp_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clapp-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although adult entertainment was confined to the Combat Zone, buildings in the Combat Zone were not used exclusively for that purpose. Residents lived in furnished apartments,<sup id="cite_ref-tudan_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tudan-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> single-room-occupancy hotels (SROs), homeless shelters, and a retired <a href="/wiki/Merchant_marines" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchant marines">merchant marines</a>' home. Urban renewal plans tended to overlook these residents, and the buildings were eventually demolished or converted to other uses.<sup id="cite_ref-schaefer_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Francis_House_(Boston)" title="Saint Francis House (Boston)">Saint Francis House</a> on Boylston Street, a daytime shelter for the homeless, is still in operation.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demise">Demise</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Combat Zone's demise can be attributed to a number of factors. Among them are the rising property values that made the downtown locations more attractive to real estate developers,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the closure of the Charlestown (Boston) Navy Yard,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the spread of <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">AIDS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Home_video" title="Home video">home video</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>, which made it possible to view <a href="/wiki/Adult_movie" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult movie">adult movies</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Erotica" title="Erotica">erotica</a> at home without going to a red light district.<sup id="cite_ref-feeney_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feeney-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another factor was the city's ambivalence towards the area: despite the BRA's plans to improve the Combat Zone, the area suffered from municipal neglect. Throughout the mid-1970s, the city neglected the Zone's streetlights, policing, and garbage pickup, fostering an atmosphere of urban blight and criminality.<sup id="cite_ref-fischer_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fischer-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-schaefer_32-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-giorlandino39_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-giorlandino39-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Street prostitutes became bolder, often picking pockets and robbing passersby. In 1976, just before leaving office, Police Commissioner Robert DiGrazia released a 572-page Special Investigations Unit report to the press documenting widespread police corruption, neglect, and brutality in the Zone.<sup id="cite_ref-fischer_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fischer-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-police_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-police-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-giorlandino39_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-giorlandino39-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just two weeks later, the highly publicized murder of the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a> football player <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Puopolo" title="Andrew Puopolo">Andrew Puopolo</a> focused attention on crime in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Years of grassroots activism by neighboring Chinatown residents, aggressive police work, use of bureaucratic procedures to discourage adult businesses,<sup id="cite_ref-schaefer_32-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and massive urban renewal projects instigated by the BRA have helped to stem crime and close most of the adult businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-noonan_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noonan-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All that remains of the former Combat Zone are two small strip clubs, Centerfolds and the Glass Slipper, along LaGrange Street, and a few adult book and video stores on Washington and Kneeland streets.<sup id="cite_ref-fischer_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fischer-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Street prostitution has moved to other parts of town.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A new <a href="/wiki/Emerson_College" title="Emerson College">Emerson College</a> dormitory (and eventual relocation of the entire campus),<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Suffolk_University" title="Suffolk University">Suffolk University</a> administrative offices, a relocated branch of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> <a href="/wiki/Registry_of_Motor_Vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Registry of Motor Vehicles">Registry of Motor Vehicles</a>, a new $300 million development which includes a <a href="/wiki/Ritz-Carlton" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritz-Carlton">Ritz-Carlton</a> Hotel and a <a href="/wiki/Loews_Cineplex_Entertainment" title="Loews Cineplex Entertainment">Loews</a> cinema, and a renovated <a href="/wiki/Boston_Opera_House_(1980)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Opera House (1980)">Boston Opera House</a> all opened in the area in the late 1990s and early 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-noonan_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noonan-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006 a luxury apartment tower, the Archstone Boston Common, was erected at the corner of Washington and Beach streets.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The historic <a href="/wiki/Hayden_Building_(Boston)" title="Hayden Building (Boston)">Hayden Building</a> on Washington Street, once home to an adult movie theater and a <a href="/wiki/Gay_bathhouse" title="Gay bathhouse">gay bathhouse</a>, was renovated in 2013 and now houses luxury apartments and retail space.<sup id="cite_ref-grillo_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grillo-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_performers">Notable performers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable performers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Chesty_Morgan" title="Chesty Morgan">Chesty Morgan</a>, an exotic dancer known for her 73-inch bust, regularly performed at the Pilgrim Theater. In August 1974, the theater's owner claimed, "She was like a god out of the heavens for us. She saved the theater and I hope she can do it again."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Princess_Cheyenne" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Cheyenne">Princess Cheyenne</a>, another celebrated exotic dancer, performed at the Naked i in the 1970s and 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sylvia Sidney, "Boston's most (in)famous drag queen", regularly performed at clubs in the Combat Zone. Sidney was named for the actress <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Sidney" title="Sylvia Sidney">Sylvia Sidney</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-umbwiki_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-umbwiki-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Comedian <a href="/wiki/Jay_Leno" title="Jay Leno">Jay Leno</a> got his start doing stand-up in the Two O'Clock Club and the Teddy Bare Lounge in the Combat Zone.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jazz musicians <a href="/wiki/Sabby_Lewis" title="Sabby Lewis">Sabby Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Wetmore" title="Dick Wetmore">Dick Wetmore</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bull_Moose_Jackson" title="Bull Moose Jackson">Bull Moose Jackson</a> played regularly at the Gilded Cage on Boylston Street in the 1960s. The Gilded Cage was destroyed in 1966 when a leaking gas main <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Hotel_explosion" title="Paramount Hotel explosion">exploded in the nearby Paramount Hotel</a>, causing a five-alarm fire that killed 11 people.<sup id="cite_ref-gildedcage_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gildedcage-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-List_of_hotels_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-List_of_hotels-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the demolition of Scollay Square, there was already at least one strip bar in what would later become known as the Combat Zone: <a href="/wiki/Izzy_Ort%27s_Bar_%26_Grille" title="Izzy Ort's Bar & Grille">Izzy Ort's Bar & Grille</a> at 25 Essex Street. Many notable jazz musicians played there in the 1940s and early 1950s, including <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Braff" title="Ruby Braff">Ruby Braff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Rivers_(jazz_musician)" title="Sam Rivers (jazz musician)">Sam Rivers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herb_Pomeroy" title="Herb Pomeroy">Herb Pomeroy</a>, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-vacca_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vacca-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Entertainer <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a> sang and danced there when he lived in Boston.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Silver Dollar Bar, which later became the Two O'Clock, was <a href="/wiki/Frank_O%27Hara" title="Frank O'Hara">Frank O'Hara</a>'s favorite bar when he studied at Harvard.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like Izzy Ort's, it was a live music venue as well as a popular hangout for sailors. Among others, <a href="/wiki/George_Wein" title="George Wein">George Wein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nat_Pierce" title="Nat Pierce">Nat Pierce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Perry" title="Ray Perry">Ray Perry</a>, and Fat Man Robinson played there.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_art_and_popular_culture">In art and popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In art and popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2010, the Howard Yezerski Gallery in Boston (now the Miller Yezerski Gallery) hosted an exhibit titled "Boston Combat Zone: 1969-1978", featuring black-and-white photographs by Roswell Angier, Jerry Berndt, and John Goodman.<sup id="cite_ref-feeney_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-feeney-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the opening, several former Combat Zone entertainers were critical of what they saw as an overemphasis on the area's negative aspects.<sup id="cite_ref-cohen_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cohen-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Games">Games</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Combat Zone is portrayed in <i><a href="/wiki/Fallout_4" title="Fallout 4">Fallout 4</a></i> as an explorable area. In the video game, which is set in a <a href="/wiki/Apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction" title="Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction">post-apocalyptic fictional</a> Boston, the "Combat Zone" takes on a literal meaning as an area for human <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_match_types#Barbed_Wire_Steel_Cage_match" title="Professional wrestling match types">barbed wire steel cage matches</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his first novel, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Case_of_Need" title="A Case of Need">A Case of Need</a></i> (1968), a <a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">medical thriller</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mystery_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Mystery novel">mystery novel</a> set in the late 1960s Boston, the physician-turned-author <a href="/wiki/Michael_Crichton" title="Michael Crichton">Michael Crichton</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vividly describes the Combat Zone itself, the types and preponderance of injuries and diseases treated by the local public hospital, <a href="/wiki/Boston_City_Hospital" title="Boston City Hospital">Boston City</a> (which, he wrote, was sometimes referred to as "Boston Shitty"), and the opportunities working and training there presented to medical professionals, despite Boston City's low status relative to the city's other hospitals, to see and treat cases they might not be exposed to elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novel was adapted into the film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Carey_Treatment" title="The Carey Treatment">The Carey Treatment</a></i> (1972).<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Part 3 of <a href="/wiki/Lynda_Hull" title="Lynda Hull">Lynda Hull</a>'s seven-part poem, "Suite for Emily" (1993), describes the Combat Zone. Hull, an award-winning poet, lived for a time in Boston's Chinatown.<sup id="cite_ref-hull_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hull-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stephen_King" title="Stephen King">Stephen King</a> mentions the Combat Zone in his novels <i><a href="/wiki/The_Stand" title="The Stand">The Stand</a></i> (1978), <i><a href="/wiki/Cujo" title="Cujo">Cujo</a></i> (1981), <i><a href="/wiki/Blaze_(novel)" title="Blaze (novel)">Blaze</a></i> (2007), and <i><a href="/wiki/11/22/63" title="11/22/63">11/22/63</a></i> (2011).<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Parker" title="Robert B. Parker">Robert B. Parker</a>'s Spenser novels often have his protagonist spending time in the Combat Zone.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/David_Foster_Wallace" title="David Foster Wallace">David Foster Wallace</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedic_novel" title="Encyclopedic novel">encyclopedic novel</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Infinite_Jest" title="Infinite Jest">Infinite Jest</a></i> (1996), the characters Pemulis and Struck are alleged patrons of the Combat Zone after the district's relocation to "east of the Common".<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Movies">Movies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Movies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Martin Scorsese's 2006 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Departed" title="The Departed">The Departed</a></i>, characters portrayed by Jack Nicholson and Matt Damon are surveilled by that of Leonardo DiCaprio in a Combat Zone adult-film theater owned by Nicholson's character based on Whitey Bulger. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"<a href="/wiki/Lightning_Strikes_(Aerosmith_song)" title="Lightning Strikes (Aerosmith song)">Lightning Strikes</a>" by Aerosmith (1982) mentions the Combat Zone,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as does the 1980 song "<a href="/wiki/You_May_Be_Right" title="You May Be Right">You May Be Right</a>" by Billy Joel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An episode of the Boston-set television series <i><a href="/wiki/Cheers" title="Cheers">Cheers</a></i> ("<a href="/wiki/Showdown_(Cheers)" title="Showdown (Cheers)">Showdown, Part 1</a>" (1983)) includes a moment when <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Pantusso" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernie Pantusso">Ernie Pantusso</a> invites <a href="/wiki/Sam_Malone" title="Sam Malone">Sam Malone</a> to the Combat Zone, to see "a girlie show". In a subsequent episode (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Cheers_episodes#Season_2_(1983–84)" title="List of Cheers episodes">"How Do I Love Thee?... Let Me Call You Back" (8 Dec. 1983)</a>), the gang returns to the bar after a night at the Combat Zone led by Carla.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Image gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_(11191558024).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The State Theatre, 1960s. City Censor, City of Boston"><img alt="The State Theatre, 1960s. City Censor, City of Boston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811191558024%29.jpg/120px-Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811191558024%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811191558024%29.jpg/180px-Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811191558024%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811191558024%29.jpg/240px-Marquee_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811191558024%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5815" data-file-height="4677" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The State Theatre, 1960s.<br />City Censor, City of Boston</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_(11223324095).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Film poster at the State Theatre, 1960s City Censor, City of Boston"><img alt="Film poster at the State Theatre, 1960s City Censor, City of Boston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223324095%29.jpg/96px-Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223324095%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223324095%29.jpg/144px-Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223324095%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223324095%29.jpg/192px-Film_posters_at_State_Theatre_on_Washington_Street_%2811223324095%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4677" data-file-height="5831" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Film poster at the State Theatre, 1960s<br />City Censor, City of Boston</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Street_(Boston)#Ann_Street_in_the_19th_century" title="North Street (Boston)">Ann Street</a>, Boston's red light district in the 19th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banned_in_Boston" title="Banned in Boston">Banned in Boston</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miller_v._California" title="Miller v. California">Miller v. California</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVrabel2004" class="citation book cs1">Vrabel, Jim (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rPoMAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Jean+Cole%22+%22combat+zone%22"><i>When in Boston: A Time Line & Almanac</i></a>. Northeastern University Press. p. 327. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781555536206" title="Special:BookSources/9781555536206"><bdi>9781555536206</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+in+Boston%3A+A+Time+Line+%26+Almanac&rft.pages=327&rft.pub=Northeastern+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781555536206&rft.aulast=Vrabel&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrPoMAAAAYAAJ%26q%3D%2522Jean%2BCole%2522%2B%2522combat%2Bzone%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiorlandino1986" class="citation web cs1">Giorlandino, Salvatore S. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150316222700/http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/14980/15038233.pdf?sequence=1">"The Origin, Development, and Decline of Boston's Adult Entertainment District: The Combat Zone"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>mit.edu</i>. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. p. 10. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/14980/15038233.pdf?sequence=1">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mit.edu&rft.atitle=The+Origin%2C+Development%2C+and+Decline+of+Boston%27s+Adult+Entertainment+District%3A+The+Combat+Zone&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Giorlandino&rft.aufirst=Salvatore+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdspace.mit.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1721.1%2F14980%2F15038233.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giorlandino, pp. 12-14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-berson-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-berson_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerson2015" class="citation book cs1">Berson, Jessica (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/5375507">"Dancing in the Combat Zone: Striptease, Nostalgia, and Urban Renewal"</a>. <i>The Naked Result: How Exotic Dance Became Big Business</i>. Oxford University Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2014</span> – via Academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dancing+in+the+Combat+Zone%3A+Striptease%2C+Nostalgia%2C+and+Urban+Renewal&rft.btitle=The+Naked+Result%3A+How+Exotic+Dance+Became+Big+Business&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Berson&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F5375507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kifner-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kifner_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKifner1976" class="citation news cs1">Kifner, John (1 December 1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1734&dat=19761130&id=v_seAAAAIBAJ&pg=4141,3508015&hl=en">"Boston Sex District Stirs Controversy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch_(Lexington)" title="The Dispatch (Lexington)">The Dispatch</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> News Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dispatch&rft.atitle=Boston+Sex+District+Stirs+Controversy&rft.date=1976-12-01&rft.aulast=Kifner&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1734%26dat%3D19761130%26id%3Dv_seAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4141%2C3508015%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130420064739/http://www.cityofboston.gov/Images_Documents/Paramount%20Theatre%20Study%20Report_tcm3-19429.pdf">"Paramount Theatre Study Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>City of Boston</i>. Boston Landmarks Commission. 1983. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofboston.gov/images_documents/Paramount%20Theatre%20Study%20Report_tcm3-19429.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Boston&rft.atitle=Paramount+Theatre+Study+Report&rft.date=1983&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofboston.gov%2Fimages_documents%2FParamount%2520Theatre%2520Study%2520Report_tcm3-19429.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVorhees2009" class="citation book cs1">Vorhees, Mara (2009). <i>Boston City Guide</i>. Lonely Planet. p. 83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781741791785" title="Special:BookSources/9781741791785"><bdi>9781741791785</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boston+City+Guide&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781741791785&rft.aulast=Vorhees&rft.aufirst=Mara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giorlandino, pp. 19-20. <i>Miller vs. California</i> (1973) and <i>Commonwealth vs. Horton</i> (1974).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarkin1974" class="citation news cs1">Larkin, Al (28 April 1974). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/661727371">"Porno ruling loosens up Combat Zone"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/661727371">661727371</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Porno+ruling+loosens+up+Combat+Zone&rft.date=1974-04-28&rft.aulast=Larkin&rft.aufirst=Al&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F661727371&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2010" class="citation news cs1">Cook, Greg (February 16, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thephoenix.com/Boston/arts/97125-walk-on-the-wild-side/">"A walk on the wild side"</a>. <i>The Phoenix</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Phoenix&rft.atitle=A+walk+on+the+wild+side&rft.date=2010-02-16&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthephoenix.com%2FBoston%2Farts%2F97125-walk-on-the-wild-side%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ashbrook-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ashbrook_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ashbrook_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ashbrook_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ashbrook_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshbrook1988" class="citation news cs1">Ashbrook, Tom (Aug 2, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018162610/https://secure.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/294441024.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug+2%2C+1988&author=Ashbrook%2C+Tom&pub=Boston+Globe+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=THE+ZONE+GOING+THE+WAY+OF+ALL+FLESH">"The Zone Going the Way of All Flesh"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secure.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/294441024.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug+2%2C+1988&author=Ashbrook%2C+Tom&pub=Boston+Globe+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=THE+ZONE+GOING+THE+WAY+OF+ALL+FLESH">the original</a></span> on October 18, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=The+Zone+Going+the+Way+of+All+Flesh&rft.date=1988-08-02&rft.aulast=Ashbrook&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.pqarchiver.com%2Fboston%2Fdoc%2F294441024.html%3FFMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26type%3Dcurrent%26date%3DAug%2B2%252C%2B1988%26author%3DAshbrook%252C%2BTom%26pub%3DBoston%2BGlobe%2B%2528pre-1997%2BFulltext%2529%26edition%3D%26startpage%3D%26desc%3DTHE%2BZONE%2BGOING%2BTHE%2BWAY%2BOF%2BALL%2BFLESH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-improper-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-improper_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistory_Project1999" class="citation book cs1">History Project (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0807079499"><i>Improper Bostonians: Lesbian and Gay History from the Puritans to Playland</i></a>. Beacon Press. p. 164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807079492" title="Special:BookSources/9780807079492"><bdi>9780807079492</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Improper+Bostonians%3A+Lesbian+and+Gay+History+from+the+Puritans+to+Playland&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Beacon+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780807079492&rft.au=History+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fisbn%3D0807079499&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-umbwiki-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-umbwiki_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-umbwiki_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610141825/http://amst325l-f12-lecklider.wikispaces.umb.edu/Boston+Combat+Zone">"Boston Combat Zone"</a>. <i>UMass Boston LGBT History Wiki</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amst325l-f12-lecklider.wikispaces.umb.edu/Boston+Combat+Zone">the original</a> on 10 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UMass+Boston+LGBT+History+Wiki&rft.atitle=Boston+Combat+Zone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famst325l-f12-lecklider.wikispaces.umb.edu%2FBoston%2BCombat%2BZone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2007" class="citation news cs1">Sullivan, Robert David (December 2, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2007/12/02/last_call/?page=full">"Last Call"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Last+Call&rft.date=2007-12-02&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Robert+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fbostonglobe%2Fideas%2Farticles%2F2007%2F12%2F02%2Flast_call%2F%3Fpage%3Dfull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlanding2003" class="citation web cs1">Blanding, Michael (July 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130321074244/http://www.bostonmagazine.com/2006/05/the-bay-village-drag-bar-war">"The Bay Village Drag Bar War"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Boston_(magazine)" title="Boston (magazine)">Boston</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonmagazine.com/2006/05/the-bay-village-drag-bar-war/">the original</a> on 21 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston&rft.atitle=The+Bay+Village+Drag+Bar+War&rft.date=2003-07&rft.aulast=Blanding&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonmagazine.com%2F2006%2F05%2Fthe-bay-village-drag-bar-war%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1973" class="citation news cs1">Murphy, Jeremiah (February 23, 1973). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/503657579">"Boston at night: The excitement turns to fright"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/503657579">503657579</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141220205504/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/503657579.html?FMT=AI&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Feb+23,+1973&author=Murphy,+Jeremiah&pub=Boston+Globe+(1960-1982)&edition=&startpage=&desc=Boston+at+night:+The+excitement+turns+to+fright">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Boston+at+night%3A+The+excitement+turns+to+fright&rft.date=1973-02-23&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Jeremiah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F503657579&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giorlandino, p. 26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrell1984" class="citation news cs1">Farrell, David (December 23, 1984). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/294300806">"Ray Flynn's War on Combat Zone"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/294300806">294300806</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141220205501/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/294300806.html?FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+23,+1984&author=Farrell,+David&pub=Boston+Globe+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=&desc=RAY+FLYNN'S+WAR+ON+COMBAT+ZONE">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Ray+Flynn%27s+War+on+Combat+Zone&rft.date=1984-12-23&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F294300806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1976" class="citation news cs1">Smith, Ron (March 7, 1976). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/656818890">"Beautiful, bustling Boston"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/656818890">656818890</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170309065943/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/656818890.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Mar+7%2C+1976&author=Smith%2C+Ron&pub=Boston+Globe+%281960-1982%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=Beautiful%2C+bustling+Boston">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>. <q>The Italians of the North End, the Brahmins of Beacon Hill, the blacks of Mission Hill, the super-rich of Chestnut Hill, the blue-collar workers of East Cambridge, and the Irish of South Boston all live in enclaves of clannishness.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Beautiful%2C+bustling+Boston&rft.date=1976-03-07&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F656818890&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span> Note that the article touts the Combat Zone as one of the city's modern tourist attractions.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tudan-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tudan_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tudan_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTudan2008" class="citation book cs1">Tudan, Jonathan (2008). <i>Lovers, Muggers & Thieves: A Boston Memoir</i>. Hawk Nest Press. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60702-396-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60702-396-8"><bdi>978-1-60702-396-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lovers%2C+Muggers+%26+Thieves%3A+A+Boston+Memoir&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Hawk+Nest+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-60702-396-8&rft.aulast=Tudan&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllis2010" class="citation web cs1">Allis, Sam (March 7, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100310084320/http://www.boston.com/ae/theater_arts/articles/2010/03/07/taking_a_sidewalk_stroll_on_the_seedy_side_of_the_combat_zone">"This was where hookers, johns, and trouble met"</a>. <i>Boston.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.com/ae/theater_arts/articles/2010/03/07/taking_a_sidewalk_stroll_on_the_seedy_side_of_the_combat_zone/">the original</a> on 10 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston.com&rft.atitle=This+was+where+hookers%2C+johns%2C+and+trouble+met&rft.date=2010-03-07&rft.aulast=Allis&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fae%2Ftheater_arts%2Farticles%2F2010%2F03%2F07%2Ftaking_a_sidewalk_stroll_on_the_seedy_side_of_the_combat_zone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatza1994" class="citation web cs1">Matza, Michael (September 12, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141221085546/http://articles.philly.com/1994-09-12/news/25839457_1_adult-businesses-buildings-parking-lot">"Bostonians Clash Over The Sites Of Adult Businesses - Preservationists Want To Save The 19th-century Buildings"</a>. <i>philly.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.philly.com/1994-09-12/news/25839457_1_adult-businesses-buildings-parking-lot">the original</a> on 21 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=philly.com&rft.atitle=Bostonians+Clash+Over+The+Sites+Of+Adult+Businesses+-+Preservationists+Want+To+Save+The+19th-century+Buildings.&rft.date=1994-09-12&rft.aulast=Matza&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.philly.com%2F1994-09-12%2Fnews%2F25839457_1_adult-businesses-buildings-parking-lot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeisberg2009" class="citation book cs1">Weisberg, Stewart E. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/barneyfrankstory00weis/page/125"><i>Barney Frank: The Story of America's only Left-handed, Gay, Jewish Congressman</i></a>. Amherst, MA: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Press" title="University of Massachusetts Press">University of Massachusetts Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/barneyfrankstory00weis/page/125">125</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-721-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-721-4"><bdi>978-1-55849-721-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Barney+Frank%3A+The+Story+of+America%27s+only+Left-handed%2C+Gay%2C+Jewish+Congressman&rft.place=Amherst%2C+MA&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-721-4&rft.aulast=Weisberg&rft.aufirst=Stewart+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbarneyfrankstory00weis%2Fpage%2F125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frank-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-frank_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"A Frank Suggestion: Hookers in the Financial District", <i>Boston Herald-American</i>, November 25, 1976</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fischer-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fischer_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fischer_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fischer_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fischer_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2009" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Anne Gray (September 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110724094328/http://v.tgdn.net/2009/09/guest-post-anne-gray-fischer-history-of-the-combat-zone.html">"Anne Gray Fischer Presents a History of 'The Combat Zone'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Vernacular</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://v.tgdn.net/2009/09/guest-post-anne-gray-fischer-history-of-the-combat-zone.html">the original</a> on 24 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vernacular&rft.atitle=Anne+Gray+Fischer+Presents+a+History+of+%27The+Combat+Zone%27&rft.date=2009-09-29&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Anne+Gray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fv.tgdn.net%2F2009%2F09%2Fguest-post-anne-gray-fischer-history-of-the-combat-zone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrell1975" class="citation news cs1">Farrell, David (March 2, 1975). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/747808098">"Combat Zone headed for trouble"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/747808098">747808098</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170309063851/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/747808098.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Mar+2%2C+1975&author=Farrell%2C+David&pub=Boston+Globe+%281960-1982%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=Combat+Zone+headed+for+trouble">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>. <q>The mayor's recent tour of the strip joints in the Combat Zone and Park Square and his generous comments about these establishments left no doubt that he supports Boston Redevelopment Authority plans to glorify the area.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Combat+Zone+headed+for+trouble&rft.date=1975-03-02&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F747808098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckley1974" class="citation news cs1">Buckley, William F. Jr. (June 21, 1974). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/850918916">"Boston's newest arrangement with sin"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/850918916">850918916</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170309063234/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/850918916.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+21%2C+1974&author=Buckley%2C+William+F%2C+Jr&pub=Boston+Globe+%281960-1982%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=Boston%27s+newest+arrangement+with+sin">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>. <q>The Boston experiment should be indulged.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Boston%27s+newest+arrangement+with+sin&rft.date=1974-06-21&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=William+F.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F850918916&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAP1975" class="citation web cs1">AP (February 8, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2455&dat=19750208&id=wb0yAAAAIBAJ&pg=4232,3481348">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Combat Zone' tour eyeful for mayor"</a>. <i>The Saturday Citizen</i>. p. 149<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Saturday+Citizen&rft.atitle=%27Combat+Zone%27+tour+eyeful+for+mayor&rft.pages=149&rft.date=1975-02-08&rft.au=AP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D2455%26dat%3D19750208%26id%3Dwb0yAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4232%2C3481348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNaught1997" class="citation news cs1">McNaught, Sarah (October 27, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000304114803/http://www.weeklywire.com/ww/10-27-97/boston_feature_3.html">"The lost boys"</a>. <i>The Boston Phoenix</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weeklywire.com/ww/10-27-97/boston_feature_3.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Phoenix&rft.atitle=The+lost+boys&rft.date=1997-10-27&rft.aulast=McNaught&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weeklywire.com%2Fww%2F10-27-97%2Fboston_feature_3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNegri1976" class="citation news cs1">Negri, Gloria (November 16, 1976). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/661721249">"New views on juvenile prostitution"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/661721249">661721249</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150131164213/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/661721249.html?FMT=AI&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+16,+1976&author=Negri,+Gloria&pub=Boston+Globe+(1960-1982)&edition=&startpage=&desc=New+views+on+juvenile+prostitution">Archived</a> from the original on January 31, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=New+views+on+juvenile+prostitution&rft.date=1976-11-16&rft.aulast=Negri&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F661721249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBotelho2013" class="citation news cs1">Botelho, Alyssa (August 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130819195631/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/08/19/trafficking/WcFRNTDtVpsKN57pazM7GL/story.html">"AG takes steps against human trafficking"</a>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/08/19/trafficking/WcFRNTDtVpsKN57pazM7GL/story.html">the original</a> on 19 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=AG+takes+steps+against+human+trafficking&rft.date=2013-08-19&rft.aulast=Botelho&rft.aufirst=Alyssa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fmetro%2F2013%2F08%2F19%2Ftrafficking%2FWcFRNTDtVpsKN57pazM7GL%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schaefer-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-schaefer_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schaefer_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schaefer_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schaefer_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schaefer_32-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-schaefer_32-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaeferJohnsonJenkins_III2003" class="citation book cs1">Schaefer, Eric; Johnson, Eithne; Jenkins III, Henry (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZSz3ThOv9gC&pg=PA436">"Quarantined! A Case Study of Boston's Combat Zone"</a>. <i>Hop on Pop: The Politics and Pleasures of Popular Culture</i>. Duke University Press. pp. 430–453. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780822383505" title="Special:BookSources/9780822383505"><bdi>9780822383505</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Quarantined%21+A+Case+Study+of+Boston%27s+Combat+Zone&rft.btitle=Hop+on+Pop%3A+The+Politics+and+Pleasures+of+Popular+Culture&rft.pages=430-453&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780822383505&rft.aulast=Schaefer&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Eithne&rft.au=Jenkins+III%2C+Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZZSz3ThOv9gC%26pg%3DPA436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConnolly1975" class="citation news cs1">Connolly, Richard (13 April 1975). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/651809927">"Boston's crime rate: What do the statistics really show about it?"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/651809927">651809927</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150318131659/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/651809927.html?FMT=AI&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Apr+13,+1975&author=Connolly,+Richard&pub=Boston+Globe+(1960-1983)&edition=&startpage=&desc=BOSTON'S+CRIME+RATE">Archived</a> from the original on March 18, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Boston%27s+crime+rate%3A+What+do+the+statistics+really+show+about+it%3F&rft.date=1975-04-13&rft.aulast=Connolly&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F651809927&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140804074148/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C915473%2C00.html">"Americana: Taming the Combat Zone"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. September 19, 1977. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,915473,00.html">the original</a> on 4 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Americana%3A+Taming+the+Combat+Zone&rft.date=1977-09-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C915473%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ford-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ford_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFordSchorow2011" class="citation book cs1">Ford, Beverly; Schorow, Stephanie (2011). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bostonmobguidehi00ford"><i>The Boston Mob Guide: Hit Men, Hoodlums & Hideouts</i></a></span>. The History Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bostonmobguidehi00ford/page/27">27</a>, 30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781609494209" title="Special:BookSources/9781609494209"><bdi>9781609494209</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boston+Mob+Guide%3A+Hit+Men%2C+Hoodlums+%26+Hideouts&rft.pages=27%2C+30&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781609494209&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.aufirst=Beverly&rft.au=Schorow%2C+Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbostonmobguidehi00ford&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/377/377mass461.html"><i>Commonwealth v. Soares</i></a>. Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Commonwealth+v.+Soares&rft.pub=Massachusetts+Supreme+Judicial+Court&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmasscases.com%2Fcases%2Fsjc%2F377%2F377mass461.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-police-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-police_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-police_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/661526527">"Partial text of report on Police District One"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. November 9, 1976. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/661526527">661526527</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161006050956/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/661526527.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+9%2C+1976&author=&pub=Boston+Globe+%281960-1982%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=Partial+text+of+report+on+Police+District+One">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Partial+text+of+report+on+Police+District+One&rft.date=1976-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F661526527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span> Excerpted from "The Final Corruption and/or Incompetence Report relative to Police District One during the period February 15, 1973 - September 30, 1975"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1916&dat=19780107&id=iOkgAAAAIBAJ&pg=2396,1149934">"Tough Law on Guns Seen Getting Results"</a>. <i>The Hour</i>. UPI. 7 January 1978<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hour&rft.atitle=Tough+Law+on+Guns+Seen+Getting+Results&rft.date=1978-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1916%26dat%3D19780107%26id%3DiOkgAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2396%2C1149934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111124121540/http://openjurist.org/597/f2d/295/olitsky-v-omalley">"597 F. 2d 295 - Olitsky v. O'Malley"</a>. <i>OpenJurist.org</i>. <b>F2d</b> (597): 295. 1979. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://openjurist.org/597/f2d/295/olitsky-v-omalley">the original</a> on 24 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OpenJurist.org&rft.atitle=597+F.+2d+295+-+Olitsky+v.+O%27Malley&rft.volume=F2d&rft.issue=597&rft.pages=295&rft.date=1979&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopenjurist.org%2F597%2Ff2d%2F295%2Folitsky-v-omalley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/504806585">"Combat Zone Hit by Fire, Raids"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. April 2, 1967. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/504806585">504806585</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161006051010/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/504806585.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Apr+2%2C+1967&author=&pub=Boston+Globe+%281960-1982%29&desc=Hub+Combat+Zone+Hit+by+Fire%2C+Raids">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>. <q>Four men and five women were booked after the raids involving B-girl operations. They were arraigned in <a href="/wiki/Boston_Municipal_Court" title="Boston Municipal Court">Boston Municipal Court</a> charged with larceny by means of false pretenses.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Combat+Zone+Hit+by+Fire%2C+Raids&rft.date=1967-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F504806585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giorlandino, p. 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jordan-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jordan_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jordan_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJordan1974" class="citation news cs1">Jordan, Robert (November 15, 1974). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secure.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/655463558.html?FMT=AI&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+15%2C+1974&author=Jordan%2C+Robert&pub=Boston+Globe+%281960-1983%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=Boston+board+approves+zone+for+adult+shows">"Boston board approves zone for adult shows"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Boston+board+approves+zone+for+adult+shows&rft.date=1974-11-15&rft.aulast=Jordan&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsecure.pqarchiver.com%2Fboston%2Fdoc%2F655463558.html%3FFMT%3DAI%26FMTS%3DABS%3AAI%26type%3Dhistoric%26date%3DNov%2B15%252C%2B1974%26author%3DJordan%252C%2BRobert%26pub%3DBoston%2BGlobe%2B%25281960-1983%2529%26edition%3D%26startpage%3D%26desc%3DBoston%2Bboard%2Bapproves%2Bzone%2Bfor%2Badult%2Bshows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL15926658W/Text_amendment_no._38">"Text amendment no. 38 (BRA 4566)"</a>. <i>OpenLibrary.org</i>. Boston Redevelopment Authority. 1974.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenLibrary.org&rft.atitle=Text+amendment+no.+38+%28BRA+4566%29&rft.date=1974&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fworks%2FOL15926658W%2FText_amendment_no._38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAP1974" class="citation news cs1">AP (August 31, 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1928&dat=19740831&id=-u4pAAAAIBAJ&pg=1157,4801826">"Liberty Tree Park Set to Go"</a>. <i>The Lewiston Daily Sun</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Lewiston+Daily+Sun&rft.atitle=Liberty+Tree+Park+Set+to+Go&rft.date=1974-08-31&rft.au=AP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1928%26dat%3D19740831%26id%3D-u4pAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1157%2C4801826&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clapp-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-clapp_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClapp1988" class="citation journal cs1">Clapp, James A. (April 1988). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'X' Marks the Spot: The Problem of the Erogenous Zone of the American City". <i>Revue française d'études américaines</i>. <b>36</b> (36). Editions Berlin: 225–234. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Frfea.1988.1312">10.3406/rfea.1988.1312</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20871836">20871836</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+fran%C3%A7aise+d%27%C3%A9tudes+am%C3%A9ricaines&rft.atitle=%27X%27+Marks+the+Spot%3A+The+Problem+of+the+Erogenous+Zone+of+the+American+City&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=36&rft.pages=225-234&rft.date=1988-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Frfea.1988.1312&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20871836%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Clapp&rft.aufirst=James+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150310060813/http://www.stfrancishouse.org/site/PageServer?pagename=SFH_homepage">"Homepage"</a>. <i>St. Francis House</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St.+Francis+House&rft.atitle=Homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stfrancishouse.org%2Fsite%2FPageServer%3Fpagename%3DSFH_homepage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Giorlandino, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufman1984" class="citation news cs1">Kaufman, Jonathan (December 27, 1984). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/294234185">"From Scollay Sq. Tattoo Parlors to Combat Zone Porno Films"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/294234185">294234185</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161130040131/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/294234185.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+27%2C+1984&author=Kaufman%2C+Jonathan&pub=Boston+Globe+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=&desc=FROM+SCOLLAY+SQ.+TATTOO+PARLORS%3B+TO+COMBAT+ZONE+PORNO+FILMS">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>. <q>By the early 1970s, Boston was no longer a port of call for the military.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=From+Scollay+Sq.+Tattoo+Parlors+to+Combat+Zone+Porno+Films&rft.date=1984-12-27&rft.aulast=Kaufman&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F294234185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150317143121/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/20/us/boston-journal-cleanup-comes-to-the-combat-zone.html">"Boston Journal; Cleanup Comes to the Combat Zone"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 20 July 1989. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=A+Vanished+World+of+Sex%2C+Squalor%2C+Captured+in+Black+and+White&rft.date=2010-03-07&rft.aulast=Feeney&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F404727935&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-giorlandino39-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-giorlandino39_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-giorlandino39_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Giorlandino, p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeineman2002" class="citation web cs1">Heineman, Zachary R. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2002/6/4/brutal-murder-of-student-leaves-class/?page=single">the original</a> on 14 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Harvard+Crimson&rft.atitle=Brutal+Murder+of+Student+Leaves+Class+of+1977+Shocked%2C+Mourning&rft.date=2002-06-04&rft.aulast=Heineman&rft.aufirst=Zachary+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecrimson.com%2Farticle%2F2002%2F6%2F4%2Fbrutal-murder-of-student-leaves-class%2F%3Fpage%3Dsingle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-noonan-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-noonan_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-noonan_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoonan1998" class="citation news cs1">Noonan, Erica (December 6, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=894&dat=19981206&id=xxEwAAAAIBAJ&pg=6836,619423">"Boston residents fear return of combat zone"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 5,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Comedy+Clubs+Serious+Business+to+Jay+Leno&rft.date=1983-01-21&rft.aulast=Santosuosso&rft.aufirst=Ernie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F294162244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gildedcage-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gildedcage_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150318181558/http://troystreet.com/tspots/2013/06/02/on-may-27-1963/">"May 27, 1963: Frazier Visits the Gilded Cage"</a>. <i>Troy Street Publishing</i>. 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January 2008. 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(February 25, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150207194208/http://www.metrowestdailynews.com/article/20100225/News/302259875">"Exhibit is a flashback to Boston's Combat Zone"</a>. <i>MetroWest Daily News</i>. 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(15 November 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/15/archives/criminals-at-large.html">"Criminals At Large"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Criminals+At+Large&rft.date=1970-11-15&rft.aulast=Hubin&rft.aufirst=Allen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F11%2F15%2Farchives%2Fcriminals-at-large.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinkerton2014" class="citation web cs1">Pinkerton, Nick (20 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmcomment.com/blog/the-carey-treatment-blake-edwards/">"Futures & Pasts: The Carey Treatment"</a>. <i>Film Comment</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Film+Comment&rft.atitle=Futures+%26+Pasts%3A+The+Carey+Treatment&rft.date=2014-02-20&rft.aulast=Pinkerton&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmcomment.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-carey-treatment-blake-edwards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hull-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hull_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHull" class="citation web cs1">Hull, Lynda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111105015651/http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/182186">"Suite for Emily"</a>. <i>Poetry Foundation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/182186">the original</a> on 5 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Poetry+Foundation&rft.atitle=Suite+for+Emily&rft.aulast=Hull&rft.aufirst=Lynda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poetryfoundation.org%2Fpoem%2F182186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing2011" class="citation book cs1">King, Stephen (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a8Ezn-ZaWv4C&pg=PA278"><i>11/22/63</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. p. 278. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781451660807" title="Special:BookSources/9781451660807"><bdi>9781451660807</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=11%2F22%2F63&rft.pages=278&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781451660807&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da8Ezn-ZaWv4C%26pg%3DPA278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParker1992" class="citation book cs1">Parker, Robert B. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=%22whores%2C+dope%2C+numbers%2C+and+other+rackets%22&btnG=Search+Books#tbm=bks&q=%22whores%2C+dope%2C+numbers%22"><i>Ceremony</i></a>. Dell. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0440109938" title="Special:BookSources/978-0440109938"><bdi>978-0440109938</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ceremony&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Dell&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0440109938&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Robert+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3D%2522whores%252C%2Bdope%252C%2Bnumbers%252C%2Band%2Bother%2Brackets%2522%26btnG%3DSearch%2BBooks%23tbm%3Dbks%26q%3D%2522whores%252C%2Bdope%252C%2Bnumbers%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallace1996" class="citation book cs1">Wallace, David Foster (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nhe2yvx6hP8C&pg=PT428"><i>Infinite Jest</i></a>. Boston: Little Brown. p. 428. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780316073851" title="Special:BookSources/9780316073851"><bdi>9780316073851</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Infinite+Jest&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=428&rft.pub=Little+Brown&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780316073851&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=David+Foster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNhe2yvx6hP8C%26pg%3DPT428&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150213234808/http://songmeanings.com/songs/view/6573/">"Aerosmith - Lightning Strikes"</a>. <i>SongMeanings.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://songmeanings.com/songs/view/6573/">the original</a> on 13 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SongMeanings.com&rft.atitle=Aerosmith+-+Lightning+Strikes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsongmeanings.com%2Fsongs%2Fview%2F6573%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBjorklund2014" class="citation book cs1">Bjorklund, Dennis (September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pEN6sTeG20AC"><i>Cheers TV Show: A Comprehensive Reference</i></a>. Praetorian Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780967985237" title="Special:BookSources/9780967985237"><bdi>9780967985237</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cheers+TV+Show%3A+A+Comprehensive+Reference&rft.pub=Praetorian+Publishing&rft.date=2014-09&rft.isbn=9780967985237&rft.aulast=Bjorklund&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpEN6sTeG20AC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Angier, Roswell (1976). <i>A Kind of Life: Conversations in the Combat Zone</i>. Danbury, NH: Addison House. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89169-002-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89169-002-6">0-89169-002-6</a>.</li> <li>Lewin, Lauri (1984). <i>Naked Is the Best Disguise: My Life as a Stripper</i>. New York, NY: William Morrow and Company. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-688-02929-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-688-02929-9">0-688-02929-9</a>.</li> <li>Tudan, Jonathan (2008). <i>Lovers, Muggers & Thieves: A Boston Memoir</i>. Calabasas, CA: Hawk Nest Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60702-396-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60702-396-8">978-1-60702-396-8</a>.</li> <li>Alexander, Geoff (2023). <i>We Weren't Angels: A Memoir of Sex, Drugs and Crime in Boston's Combat Zone</i>. McFarland. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-47669-205-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-47669-205-0">978-1-47669-205-0</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Combat_Zone,_Boston&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhKI8y1r_EQ">A Chinatown Banquet: Combat Zone</a></i>, a video created by the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Community_Development_Corporation" title="Asian Community Development Corporation">Asian Community Development Corporation</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150218004344/http://www.wbur.org/2010/02/19/combat-zone">"A Visual History of Boston's Combat Zone"</a>. WBUR News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wbur.org/2010/02/19/combat-zone">the original</a> on 18 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Visual+History+of+Boston%27s+Combat+Zone&rft.pub=WBUR+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbur.org%2F2010%2F02%2F19%2Fcombat-zone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Lower Washington street area: a program for revitalization</i>. OpenLibrary.org, Boston Redevelopment Authority. 1978. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL25183285M">25183285M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lower+Washington+street+area%3A+a+program+for+revitalization&rft.pub=OpenLibrary.org%2C+Boston+Redevelopment+Authority&rft.date=1978&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL25183285M%23id-name%3DOL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1969" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Robert (August 3, 1969). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/650685114">"The politics of pornography in Boston"</a></span>. <i>The Boston Globe</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/650685114">650685114</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141221161937/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/doc/650685114.html?FMT=AI&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Aug+3,+1969&author=Taylor,+Robert&pub=Boston+Globe+(1960-1982)&edition=&startpage=&desc=The+politics+of+pornography+in+Boston">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=The+politics+of+pornography+in+Boston&rft.date=1969-08-03&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F650685114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStradley2010" class="citation web cs1">Stradley, Don L. (September 25, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141226095026/http://donstradley.blogspot.com/2010/09/was-there-combat-zone-strangler.html">"Was There a Combat Zone Strangler?"</a>. <i>Etcetera</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://donstradley.blogspot.com/2010/09/was-there-combat-zone-strangler.html">the original</a> on 26 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Etcetera&rft.atitle=Was+There+a+Combat+Zone+Strangler%3F&rft.date=2010-09-25&rft.aulast=Stradley&rft.aufirst=Don+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdonstradley.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F09%2Fwas-there-combat-zone-strangler.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStradley2014" class="citation web cs1">Stradley, Don L. (June 29, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141226095038/http://donstradley.blogspot.com/2014/06/a-few-tales-from-pilgrim.html">"A Few Tales from the Pilgrim"</a>. <i>Etcetera</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://donstradley.blogspot.com/2014/06/a-few-tales-from-pilgrim.html">the original</a> on 26 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Etcetera&rft.atitle=A+Few+Tales+from+the+Pilgrim&rft.date=2014-06-29&rft.aulast=Stradley&rft.aufirst=Don+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdonstradley.blogspot.com%2F2014%2F06%2Fa-few-tales-from-pilgrim.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACombat+Zone%2C+Boston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/365/365mass164.html">Commonwealth vs. George C. Horton</a></i>, 1974.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prostitution_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Prostitution in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Prostitution in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prostitution in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prostitution_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_United_States" title="Prostitution in the United States">Prostitution in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_American_Samoa" title="Prostitution in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_California" title="Prostitution in California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Los_Angeles_in_the_19th_century" title="Prostitution in Los Angeles in the 19th century">Prostitution in Los Angeles in the 19th century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Guam" title="Prostitution in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hawaii" title="Prostitution in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Nevada" title="Prostitution in Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Rhode_Island" title="Prostitution in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_vice_in_Texas" title="History of vice in Texas">Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Building_at_217_West_Main_Street" title="Building at 217 West Main Street">217 West Main Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel%27s_Ladies" title="Angel's Ladies">Angel's Ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold%27s_Bar_and_Grill" title="Arnold's Bar and Grill">Arnold's Bar and Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Meadows_Sky_Ranch" title="Ash Meadows Sky Ranch">Ash Meadows Sky Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_Cage_Theatre" title="Bird Cage Theatre">Bird Cage Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Ranch_(Nevada)" title="Chicken Ranch (Nevada)">Chicken Ranch (Nevada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Ranch_(Texas)" title="Chicken Ranch (Texas)">Chicken Ranch (Texas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottontail_Ranch" title="Cottontail Ranch">Cottontail Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hof%27s_Love_Ranch" title="Dennis Hof's Love Ranch">Dennis Hof's Love Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna%27s_Ranch" title="Donna's Ranch">Donna's Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumas_Brothel" title="Dumas Brothel">Dumas Brothel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everleigh_Club" title="Everleigh Club">Everleigh Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Laramie_Three-Mile_Hog_Ranch" title="Fort Laramie Three-Mile Hog Ranch">Fort Laramie Three-Mile Hog Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleim_Building" title="Gleim Building">Gleim Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Kat_Guest_Ranch" title="Kit Kat Guest Ranch">Kit Kat Guest Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_Apartments" title="Lester Apartments">Lester Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brothels_in_Nevada" title="List of brothels in Nevada">List of brothels in Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Love_Ranch" title="The Love Ranch">The Love Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Todd_Lincoln_House" title="Mary Todd Lincoln House">Mary Todd Lincoln House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Hattie%27s_Bordello" title="Miss Hattie's Bordello">Miss Hattie's Bordello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonlite_BunnyRanch" title="Moonlite BunnyRanch">Moonlite BunnyRanch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustang_Ranch" title="Mustang Ranch">Mustang Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._1_Geisha" title="No. 1 Geisha">No. 1 Geisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bridge_Ranch" title="Old Bridge Ranch">Old Bridge Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paresis_Hall" title="Paresis Hall">Paresis Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagebrush_Ranch" title="Sagebrush Ranch">Sagebrush Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shady_Lady_Ranch" class="mw-redirect" title="Shady Lady Ranch">Shady Lady Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheri%27s_Ranch" title="Sheri's Ranch">Sheri's Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Star_(Ketchikan,_Alaska)" title="The Star (Ketchikan, Alaska)">The Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Jail_Building_and_Row_House" title="Stone Jail Building and Row House">Stone Jail Building and Row House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Horse_Adult_Resort_%26_Spa" title="Wild Horse Adult Resort & Spa">Wild Horse Adult Resort & Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_House_(Grand_Encampment,_Wyoming)" title="Willis House (Grand Encampment, Wyoming)">Willis House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USAID_v._Alliance_for_Open_Society_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID v. Alliance for Open Society (2013)">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USAID_v._Alliance_for_Open_Society_(2020)" class="mw-redirect" title="USAID v. Alliance for Open Society (2020)">2020</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bennis_v._Michigan" title="Bennis v. Michigan">Bennis v. Michigan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamberlain%E2%80%93Kahn_Act" title="Chamberlain–Kahn Act">Chamberlain–Kahn Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mann_Act" title="Mann Act">Mann Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raines_law" title="Raines law">Raines law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Light_Abatement_Act" title="Red Light Abatement Act">Red Light Abatement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controlling_Vice:_Regulating_Brothel_Prostitution_in_St._Paul,_1865%E2%80%931883" title="Controlling Vice: Regulating Brothel Prostitution in St. Paul, 1865–1883">Regulating Brothel Prostitution in St. Paul, 1865–1883</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Pimp" title="American Pimp">American Pimp</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dreamcatcher_(2015_film)" title="Dreamcatcher (2015 film)">Dreamcatcher</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secrets_of_a_Hollywood_Super_Madam" title="Secrets of a Hollywood Super Madam">Secrets of a Hollywood Super Madam</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BAYSWAN" title="BAYSWAN">BAYSWAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COYOTE" title="COYOTE">COYOTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_Now" title="Equality Now">Equality Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_the_Slaves" title="Free the Slaves">Free the Slaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Workers_Outreach_Project_USA" title="Sex Workers Outreach Project USA">SWOP-USA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Jean_Almodovar" title="Norma Jean Almodovar">Norma Jean Almodovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Cherry" title="Fred Cherry">Fred Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Fifteen" title="Committee of Fifteen">Committee of Fifteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Fourteen" title="Committee of Fourteen">Committee of Fourteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robyn_Few" title="Robyn Few">Robyn Few</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa_Gira_Grant" title="Melissa Gira Grant">Melissa Gira Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Leigh" title="Carol Leigh">Carol Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Little" title="Alice Little">Alice Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Livingston" title="Rose Livingston">Rose Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Meg Muñoz">Meg Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Female_Moral_Reform_Society" title="New England Female Moral Reform Society">New England Female Moral Reform Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Female_Moral_Reform_Society" title="New York Female Moral Reform Society">New York Female Moral Reform Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Project" title="Polaris Project">Polaris Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Quan" title="Tracy Quan">Tracy Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audacia_Ray" title="Audacia Ray">Audacia Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Sprinkle" title="Annie Sprinkle">Annie Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margo_St._James" title="Margo St. James">Margo St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_White_(activist)" title="Sheila White (activist)">Sheila White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Brothel" title="Brothel">Brothel</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">owners<br />and<br />madams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Adams_(madam)" title="Elizabeth Adams (madam)">Elizabeth Adams</a> (aka, Madam Alex)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polly_Adler" title="Polly Adler">Polly Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ah_Toy" title="Ah Toy">Ah Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Airey" title="Josephine Airey">Josephine Airey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Allen" title="Brenda Allen">Brenda Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josie_Arlington" title="Josie Arlington">Josie Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Baker_(madam)" title="Dorothy Baker (madam)">Dorothy Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Biddle_Barrows" title="Sydney Biddle Barrows">Sydney Biddle Barrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sue" title="Big Sue">Big Sue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Brezing" title="Belle Brezing">Belle Brezing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Bulette" title="Julia Bulette">Julia Bulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilma_Burt" title="Hilma Burt">Hilma Burt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Clifford" title="Nina Clifford">Nina Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Jim_Colosimo" title="Big Jim Colosimo">Big Jim Colosimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Conforte" title="Joseph Conforte">Joseph Conforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Cora" title="Belle Cora">Belle Cora</a> (Arabella Ryan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cora_Crane" title="Cora Crane">Cora Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Cump%C4%83na%C8%99" title="Ana Cumpănaș">Ana Cumpănaș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristin_M._Davis" title="Kristin M. Davis">Kristin M. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Doty" title="Phoebe Doty">Phoebe Doty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_DuFran" title="Dora DuFran">Dora DuFran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ada_and_Minna_Everleigh" title="Ada and Minna Everleigh">Ada and Minna Everleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mame_Faye" title="Mame Faye">Mame Faye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vina_Fields" title="Vina Fields">Vina Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Fleiss" title="Heidi Fleiss">Heidi Fleiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Gibson" title="Jody Gibson">Jody Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_%22Tex%22_Gill" title="Dante "Tex" Gill">Dante "Tex" Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Gleim" title="Mary Gleim">Mary Gleim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Graham_(Seattle_madam)" title="Lou Graham (Seattle madam)">Lou Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Gray" title="Eunice Gray">Eunice Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Hall" title="Mary Ann Hall">Mary Ann Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Jane_Haskins" title="Hester Jane Haskins">Hester Jane Haskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Haycraft" title="Eliza Haycraft">Eliza Haycraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Heitler" title="Mike Heitler">Mike Heitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hof" title="Dennis Hof">Dennis Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollie_Johnson" title="Mollie Johnson">Mollie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Lape" title="Lizzie Lape">Lizzie Lape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Leroy" title="Kitty Leroy">Kitty Leroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Light_Lizzie" title="Red Light Lizzie">Red Light Lizzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bell_McDaniel" title="Laura Bell McDaniel">Laura Bell McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_Miller" title="Adeline Miller">Adeline Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Damnable" title="Mother Damnable">Mother Damnable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Meg Muñoz">Meg Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Jeane_Palfrey" title="Deborah Jeane Palfrey">Deborah Jeane Palfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Peixotto" title="Grace Peixotto">Grace Peixotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Piazza" title="Willie Piazza">Willie Piazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poker_Alice" title="Poker Alice">Poker Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Porter" title="Fannie Porter">Fannie Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Silks" title="Mattie Silks">Mattie Silks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Stanford" title="Sally Stanford">Sally Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Starr" title="Pearl Starr">Pearl Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libby_Thompson" title="Libby Thompson">Libby Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Thompson_(businesswoman)" title="Mary Thompson (businesswoman)">Mary Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Townsend" title="Kate Townsend">Kate Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Trump" title="Frederick Trump">Frederick Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_L._Turbiville" title="Deborah L. Turbiville">Deborah L. Turbiville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_de_Vere" title="Pearl de Vere">Pearl de Vere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessie_Wall" title="Tessie Wall">Tessie Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulu_White" title="Lulu White">Lulu White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnie_White" title="Minnie White">Minnie White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Wilson_(madam)" title="Anna Wilson (madam)">Anna Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Wooster" title="Louise Wooster">Louise Wooster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">Courtesans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Alexandra_Dupr%C3%A9" title="Ashley Alexandra Dupré">Ashley Alexandra Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillie_Langtry" title="Lillie Langtry">Lillie Langtry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_White" title="Fanny White">Fanny White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Procuring_(prostitution)" title="Procuring (prostitution)">Pimps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Bowers" title="Scotty Bowers">Scotty Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Jane_Haskins" title="Hester Jane Haskins">Hester Jane Haskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Heitler" title="Mike Heitler">Mike Heitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hof" title="Dennis Hof">Dennis Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice-T" title="Ice-T">Ice-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceberg_Slim" title="Iceberg Slim">Iceberg Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_%22Magic%22_Juan" title="Don "Magic" Juan">Don "Magic" Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Light_Lizzie" title="Red Light Lizzie">Red Light Lizzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Ruby" title="Jack Ruby">Jack Ruby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Shelton" title="Lee Shelton">Lee Shelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillmore_Slim" title="Fillmore Slim">Fillmore Slim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Swearengen" title="Al Swearengen">Al Swearengen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Tinerino" title="Dennis Tinerino">Dennis Tinerino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">Prostitutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ah_Toy" title="Ah Toy">Ah Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Amy" title="Air Force Amy">Air Force Amy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Airey" title="Josephine Airey">Josephine Airey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Allen" title="Brenda Allen">Brenda Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Jean_Almodovar" title="Norma Jean Almodovar">Norma Jean Almodovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josie_Arlington" title="Josie Arlington">Josie Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Avalon" title="Mickey Avalon">Mickey Avalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Baker_(madam)" title="Dorothy Baker (madam)">Dorothy Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Berkowitz" title="Richard Berkowitz">Richard Berkowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_Bessie" title="Diamond Bessie">Diamond Bessie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Nose_Kate" title="Big Nose Kate">Big Nose Kate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Blaylock" title="Mattie Blaylock">Mattie Blaylock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Bowers" title="Scotty Bowers">Scotty Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Ray_Bowles" title="Gary Ray Bowles">Gary Ray Bowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_A._Bowman" title="Sarah A. Bowman">Sarah A. Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandi_Britton" title="Brandi Britton">Brandi Britton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Brown_(murder_victim)" title="Carrie Brown (murder victim)">Carrie Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Brown_(prostitute)" title="Julia Brown (prostitute)">Julia Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Bulette" title="Julia Bulette">Julia Bulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Crystal_Carver" title="Lisa Crystal Carver">Lisa Crystal Carver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Clevenger" title="Sylvia Clevenger">Sylvia Clevenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cunanan" title="Andrew Cunanan">Andrew Cunanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeysuckle_Divine" title="Honeysuckle Divine">Honeysuckle Divine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issan_Dorsey" title="Issan Dorsey">Issan Dorsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Doty" title="Phoebe Doty">Phoebe Doty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dora_DuFran" title="Dora DuFran">Dora DuFran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Elliott" title="Pearl Elliott">Pearl Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robyn_Few" title="Robyn Few">Robyn Few</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Fire" title="Alexis Fire">Alexis Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Fish" title="Albert Fish">Albert Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florrie_Fisher" title="Florrie Fisher">Florrie Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Fleiss" title="Heidi Fleiss">Heidi Fleiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Forney" title="Ali Forney">Ali Forney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denham_Fouts" title="Denham Fouts">Denham Fouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Lee_Gardner" title="Ronnie Lee Gardner">Ronnie Lee Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Gibson" title="Jody Gibson">Jody Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billi_Gordon" title="Billi Gordon">Billi Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hall" title="Maggie Hall">Maggie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Halsted" title="Fred Halsted">Fred Halsted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Haycraft" title="Eliza Haycraft">Eliza Haycraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Jo_Henry" title="Toni Jo Henry">Toni Jo Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holcomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Holcomb">Richard Holcomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endesha_Ida_Mae_Holland" title="Endesha Ida Mae Holland">Endesha Ida Mae Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xaviera_Hollander" title="Xaviera Hollander">Xaviera Hollander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amber_L._Hollibaugh" title="Amber L. Hollibaugh">Amber L. Hollibaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Holliday" title="Jason Holliday">Jason Holliday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holmes_(actor)" title="John Holmes (actor)">John Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calamity_Jane" title="Calamity Jane">Calamity Jane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Jewett" title="Helen Jewett">Helen Jewett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Johnson_(entertainer)" title="Dean Johnson (entertainer)">Dean Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mollie_Johnson" title="Mollie Johnson">Mollie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_La_Tourneaux" title="Robert La Tourneaux">Robert La Tourneaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jillian_Lauren" title="Jillian Lauren">Jillian Lauren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Leroy" title="Kitty Leroy">Kitty Leroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Livingston" title="Rose Livingston">Rose Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Little" title="Alice Little">Alice Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Lobert" title="Annie Lobert">Annie Lobert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crazy_Lou" title="Crazy Lou">Crazy Lou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Magnanti" title="Brooke Magnanti">Brooke Magnanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_May" title="Chicago May">Chicago May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_May" title="Rosa May">Rosa May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Bell_McDaniel" title="Laura Bell McDaniel">Laura Bell McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_Miller" title="Adeline Miller">Adeline Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Della_Moore" title="Della Moore">Della Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Tanya_Moore_and_Tina_Rodriguez" title="Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez">Tanya Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicki_Morgan" title="Vicki Morgan">Vicki Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Featherlegs" title="Mother Featherlegs">Mother Featherlegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_O%27Hara" title="Jean O'Hara">Jean O'Hara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Payton" title="Barbara Payton">Barbara Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Peete" title="Louise Peete">Louise Peete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Piazza" title="Willie Piazza">Willie Piazza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Porter" title="Fannie Porter">Fannie Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Quan" title="Tracy Quan">Tracy Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Tanya_Moore_and_Tina_Rodriguez" title="Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez">Tina Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalimar_Seiuli" title="Shalimar Seiuli">Shalimar Seiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Silks" title="Mattie Silks">Mattie Silks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Solanas" title="Valerie Solanas">Valerie Solanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeda_Sperry" title="Almeda Sperry">Almeda Sperry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Sprinkle" title="Annie Sprinkle">Annie Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Spungen" title="Nancy Spungen">Nancy Spungen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margo_St._James" title="Margo St. James">Margo St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Starr" title="Pearl Starr">Pearl Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Henry_Sterry" title="David Henry Sterry">David Henry Sterry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Stowe" title="Star Stowe">Star Stowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Thomas" title="Sunset Thomas">Sunset Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estella_Marie_Thompson" title="Estella Marie Thompson">Estella Marie Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libby_Thompson" title="Libby Thompson">Libby Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ellen_Tracy" title="Mary Ellen Tracy">Mary Ellen Tracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Tyson" title="Tiger Tyson">Tiger Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_de_Vere" title="Pearl de Vere">Pearl de Vere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_White_(activist)" title="Sheila White (activist)">Sheila White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Wilson_(madam)" title="Anna Wilson (madam)">Anna Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Wooster" title="Louise Wooster">Louise Wooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aileen_Wuornos" title="Aileen Wuornos">Aileen Wuornos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Xtravaganza" title="Venus Xtravaganza">Venus Xtravaganza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Client_(prostitution)" title="Client (prostitution)">Johns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craig_J._Spence" title="Craig J. Spence">Craig J. Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliot_Spitzer_prostitution_scandal" title="Eliot Spitzer prostitution scandal">Eliot Spitzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_red-light_districts#United_States" title="List of red-light districts">Red-light districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_Coast,_San_Francisco" title="Barbary Coast, San Francisco">Barbary Coast, San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Block,_Baltimore" title="The Block, Baltimore">The Block, Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(San_Francisco)" title="Broadway (San Francisco)">Broadway (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucktown,_Davenport" title="Bucktown, Davenport">Bucktown, Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_District,_Omaha" title="Burnt District, Omaha">Burnt District, Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheshire_Bridge_Road" title="Cheshire Bridge Road">Cheshire Bridge Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Honolulu" title="Chinatown, Honolulu">Chinatown, Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Avenue_(San_Francisco)" title="Columbus Avenue (San Francisco)">Columbus Avenue (San Francisco)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Combat Zone, Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_Street_(Ketchikan,_Alaska)" title="Creek Street (Ketchikan, Alaska)">Creek Street (Ketchikan, Alaska)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fremont_Street" title="Fremont Street">Fremont Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Half_Acre_(Fort_Worth)" title="Hell's Half Acre (Fort Worth)">Hell's Half Acre (Fort Worth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunts_Point,_Bronx" title="Hunts Point, Bronx">Hunts Point, Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington,_Philadelphia" title="Kensington, Philadelphia">Kensington, Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Strip" title="Las Vegas Strip">Las Vegas Strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Levee,_Chicago" title="The Levee, Chicago">The Levee, Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Avenue_(Pittsburgh)" title="Liberty Avenue (Pittsburgh)">Liberty Avenue (Pittsburgh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Strip" title="Minnesota Strip">Minnesota Strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrell%27s_Row" title="Murrell's Row">Murrell's Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_State_Route_582" title="Nevada State Route 582">Nevada State Route 582</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Street_(Boston)" title="North Street (Boston)">North Street (Boston)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Liberties,_Philadelphia" title="Northern Liberties, Philadelphia">Northern Liberties, Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Sporting_District" title="San Antonio Sporting District">San Antonio Sporting District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepulveda_Boulevard" title="Sepulveda Boulevard">Sepulveda Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slabtown_(Atlanta)" title="Slabtown (Atlanta)">Slabtown (Atlanta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan" title="SoHo, Manhattan">SoHo, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sporting_District,_Omaha" title="Sporting District, Omaha">Sporting District, Omaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stingaree,_San_Diego" title="Stingaree, San Diego">Stingaree, San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storyville,_New_Orleans" title="Storyville, New Orleans">Storyville, New Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard" title="Sunset Boulevard">Sunset Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_Manhattan" title="Tenderloin, Manhattan">Tenderloin, Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin,_San_Francisco" title="Tenderloin, San Francisco">Tenderloin, San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Alley,_Butte" title="Venus Alley, Butte">Venus Alley, Butte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Avenue_(Los_Angeles)" title="Western Avenue (Los Angeles)">Western Avenue (Los Angeles)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Violence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denver_Prostitute_Killer" title="Denver Prostitute Killer">Denver Prostitute Killer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappearance_of_Jessie_Foster" title="Disappearance of Jessie Foster">Disappearance of Jessie Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Brown_(murder_victim)" title="Carrie Brown (murder victim)">Murder of Carrie Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Tanya_Moore_and_Tina_Rodriguez" title="Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez">Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989_DC_Prostitute_Expulsion" title="1989 DC Prostitute Expulsion">1989 DC Prostitute Expulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Apple_Oriental_Tours" title="Big Apple Oriental Tours">Big Apple Oriental Tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_penitentiary" title="Church penitentiary">Church penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_sexual_exploitation_of_children#United_States" title="Commercial sexual exploitation of children">Commercial sexual exploitation of children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperors_Club_VIP" title="Emperors Club VIP">Emperors Club VIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hookers_for_Hillary" title="Hookers for Hillary">Hookers for Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hour" title="John Hour">John Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_school" title="John school">John school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stormy_Nights" title="Operation Stormy Nights">Operation Stormy Nights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_abuse_of_sex_workers_in_the_United_States" title="Police abuse of sex workers in the United States">Police abuse of sex workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Harlem_Renaissance" title="Prostitution in Harlem Renaissance">Prostitution in Harlem Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_the_United_States" title="Sex trafficking in the United States">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_minute_men" title="Three minute men">Three minute men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truckers_Against_Trafficking" title="Truckers Against Trafficking">Truckers Against Trafficking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Combat_Zone,_Boston&params=42.3515_N_71.0628_W_region:US-MA_type:city"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°21′05″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°03′46″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.3515°N 71.0628°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.3515; -71.0628</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img 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