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1354 en santé et médecine — Wikipédia

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style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant une <a href="/wiki/Chronologie" title="Chronologie">chronologie</a> ou une <a href="/wiki/Date" title="Date">date</a>, la <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decine" title="Médecine">médecine</a> et la <a href="/wiki/Sant%C3%A9" title="Santé">santé</a>.</strong> </p><p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment&#160;?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="/wiki/Projet:Accueil" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:21em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1351" title="1351">1351</a> <a href="/wiki/1352" title="1352">1352</a> <a href="/wiki/1353" title="1353">1353</a> <b>&#160;<a href="/wiki/1354" title="1354">1354</a>&#160;</b> <a href="/wiki/1355" title="1355">1355</a> <a href="/wiki/1356" title="1356">1356</a> <a href="/wiki/1357" title="1357">1357</a><br /><small><b>Décennies&#160;:</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1320" title="Années 1320">1320</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1330" title="Années 1330">1330</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1340" title="Années 1340">1340</a> <b>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1350" title="Années 1350">1350</a>&#160;</b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1360" title="Années 1360">1360</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1370" title="Années 1370">1370</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1380" title="Années 1380">1380</a><br /><small><b>Siècles&#160;:</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIe siècle">XII<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/XIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIIe siècle">XIII<sup>e</sup></a> <b>&#160;<a href="/wiki/XIVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIVe siècle">XIV<sup>e</sup></a>&#160;</b> <a href="/wiki/XVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVe siècle">XV<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/XVIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIe siècle">XVI<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires&#160;:</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> <b>&#160;<a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a>&#160;</b> <a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIIe millénaire">III<sup>e</sup></a> </td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_chronologies_th%C3%A9matiques" title="Liste des chronologies thématiques">Chronologies thématiques</a></caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <div class="NavFrame" style="clear:both; margin-bottom:1em; border-style:solid; border-color:#FFFFFF;border:none;; background-color: #FFFFFF;background:none !important;margin:0;;" title="&#91;afficher&#93;/&#91;masquer&#93;"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align:center; min-height:2.5em; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_religion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1354 en religion (page inexistante)">Religion</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="margin:0; background-color:none !important;background:none !important;; color:var(--color-base, #202122); display:block; text-align:left;"> <p><small>(,)</small> </p> </div> <div class="NavEnd">&#160;</div> </div><div class="NavFrame" style="clear:both; margin-bottom:1em; border-style:solid; border-color:#FFFFFF;border:none;; background-color: #FFFFFF;background:none !important;margin:0;;" title="&#91;afficher&#93;/&#91;masquer&#93;"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align:center; min-height:2.5em; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_science&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="1354 en science (page inexistante)">Science</a></div> <div class="NavContent" style="margin:0; background-color:none !important;background:none !important;; color:var(--color-base, #202122); display:block; text-align:left;"> <p><small>()</small> et <a class="mw-selflink 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data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <table class="notheme" style="width:50%;text-align:center;border: 1px solid #999;background-color:#CCCCFF;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">Années de la santé et de la médecine</a>&#160;:</b></small><br /> <a href="/wiki/1351_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1351 en santé et médecine">1351</a> - <a href="/wiki/1352_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1352 en santé et médecine">1352</a> - <a href="/wiki/1353_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1353 en santé et médecine">1353</a> - <b>1354</b> - <a href="/wiki/1355_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1355 en santé et médecine">1355</a> - <a href="/wiki/1356_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1356 en santé et médecine">1356</a> - <a href="/wiki/1357_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1357 en santé et médecine">1357</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">Décennies de la santé et de la médecine</a>&#160;:</b></small> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1320" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1320</a> - <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1330" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1330</a> - <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1340" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1340</a> - <b><a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1350" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1350</a></b> - <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1360" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1360</a> - <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1370" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1370</a> - <a href="/wiki/Chronologie_de_la_sant%C3%A9_et_de_la_m%C3%A9decine#Années_1380" title="Chronologie de la santé et de la médecine">1380</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table><p>Cet article présente les faits marquants de l'année <b>1354 en santé et médecine</b>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3_mars" title="3 mars">3 mars</a>&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Haguenau" title="Haguenau">Haguenau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ville_libre_d%27Empire" title="Ville libre d&#39;Empire">ville impériale</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a>, institue deux chirurgiens chargés d'examiner les malades qu'on veut exclure de la communauté parce qu'ils sont soupçonnés de lèpre<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_novembre" title="29 novembre">29 novembre</a>&#160;: fondation à <a href="/wiki/Berne" title="Berne">Berne</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Conf%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_des_VIII_cantons" title="Confédération des VIII cantons">Suisse</a>, par <a href="/wiki/Fontaine_d%27Anna_Seiler#Histoire" title="Fontaine d&#39;Anna Seiler">Anna Seiler</a>, d'une institution qui est à l'origine de l'<a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4pital_de_l%27%C3%8Ele" title="Hôpital de l&#39;Île">hôpital de l'Île</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Fondation par le gouverneur <a href="/wiki/Sultanat_mamelouk_d%27%C3%89gypte" title="Sultanat mamelouk d&#39;Égypte">mamelouk</a> Arghun al-Kamili du <i><a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">bimaristan</a></i> d'<a href="/wiki/Alep" title="Alep">Alep</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie">Syrie</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Fondation de bourses d'études de médecine au <a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_de_Justice" title="Collège de Justice">collège de Justice</a>, à <a href="/wiki/Ancienne_universit%C3%A9_de_Paris" title="Ancienne université de Paris">Paris</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Épidémie de «&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ergotisme" title="Ergotisme">mal des ardents</a>&#160;» en <a href="/wiki/Artois_(province)" title="Artois (province)">Artois</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Picardie_(ancienne_r%C3%A9gion_administrative)#Histoire" title="Picardie (ancienne région administrative)">Picardie</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>À <a href="/wiki/Solignac" title="Solignac">Solignac</a> et à <a href="/wiki/Rilhac-Lastours" title="Rilhac-Lastours">Lastours</a> en <a href="/wiki/Limousin_(ancienne_r%C3%A9gion_administrative)" title="Limousin (ancienne région administrative)">Limousin</a>, les «&#160;hôpitaux&#160;», ainsi désignés en <a href="/wiki/1195_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1195 en santé et médecine">1195</a> et <a href="/wiki/1291_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1291 en santé et médecine">1291</a>, sont mentionnés comme «&#160;léproseries<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&#160;».</li> <li>Une «&#160;maladière&#160;» est mentionnée au lieu-dit <a href="/wiki/Vers-sous-Selli%C3%A8res" title="Vers-sous-Sellières">La Ronce</a>, près de <a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Champs" title="Saint-Germain-des-Champs">Saint-Germain-des-Champs</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Duch%C3%A9_de_Bourgogne" title="Duché de Bourgogne">Bourgogne</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1353_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine" title="1353 en santé et médecine">1353</a>-1354&#160;: le juriste Bernard Rascas fonde à <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a> l'<a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4pital_Sainte-Marthe_d%27Avignon" title="Hôpital Sainte-Marthe d&#39;Avignon">hôpital Sainte-Marthe</a> ou «&#160;grand hôpital&#160;». Il est confié aux <a href="/wiki/Ordre_des_Trinitaires" title="Ordre des Trinitaires">trinitaires</a> et, dès le <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, devient le principal établissement de la ville<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication">Publication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier la section : Publication" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Publication"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Grosmont" title="Henri de Grosmont">Henri de Grosmont</a>, premier duc de Lancastre, <i>Le livre de seyntz medicines</i> [<i>Le Livre des saints remèdes</i>] (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parker.stanford.edu/parker/catalog/xz042hy3921">numérisation d'une édition ancienne</a>&#160;; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anglo-norman.net/sources/">numérisation plus lisible</a>), ouvrage de dévotion qui comporte des recettes de médicaments<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Traduit la même année en anglais sous le titre de <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Book of the Holy Doctors</span></i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1354_en_sant%C3%A9_et_m%C3%A9decine&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:28em;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clementz2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Élisabeth_Clementz2006">Élisabeth Clementz, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;Nus in das huß&#160;»&#160;: La Léproserie de Haguenau et ses habitants du <abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#32;au&#32;<abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle</cite>&#160;», <i>Revue d'Alsace</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;132,&#8206; <time>2006</time>, <span class="nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="paragraphe(s)">§</abbr>&#160;39</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alsace.revues.org/1525">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=%C2%AB+Nus+in+das+hu%C3%9F+%C2%BB&amp;rft.jtitle=Revue+d%27Alsace&amp;rft.issue=132&amp;rft.stitle=La+L%C3%A9proserie+de+Haguenau+et+ses+habitants+du+%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%2213%E1%B5%89+si%C3%A8cle+%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22%3EXIII%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Csup+style%3D%22font-size%3A72%25%22%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26%2332%3Bau%26%2332%3B%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%2217%E1%B5%89+si%C3%A8cle+%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22%3EXVII%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Csup+style%3D%22font-size%3A72%25%22%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&amp;rft.aulast=Clementz&amp;rft.aufirst=%C3%89lisabeth&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr+%22+title%3D%22paragraphe%28s%29%22+%3E%C2%A7%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3B39%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Walthard1827"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rod_Walthard1827">Rod Walthard, <cite class="italique">Description topographique et historique de la ville et des environs de Berne</cite>, Berne, J. J. Bourgdorfer, <time>1827</time>, 268&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b4NXAAAAcAAJ&amp;q=1354">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;110<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Description+topographique+et+historique+de+la+ville+et+des+environs+de+Berne&amp;rft.place=Berne&amp;rft.pub=J.+J.+Bourgdorfer&amp;rft.aulast=Walthard&amp;rft.aufirst=Rod&amp;rft.date=1827&amp;rft.pages=110&amp;rft.tpages=268&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Cherif2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="Driss_Cherif2013">Driss Cherif, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Al-Moristan ou l'Hôpital dans le monde arabo-musulman</cite>&#160;», <i>Histoire des sciences médicales</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;47, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;2,&#8206; <time>2013</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;171 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/hsm/HSMx2013x047x002/HSMx2013x047x002x0169.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Al-Moristan+ou+l%27H%C3%B4pital+dans+le+monde+arabo-musulman&amp;rft.jtitle=Histoire+des+sciences+m%C3%A9dicales&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.aulast=Cherif&amp;rft.aufirst=Driss&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.volume=47&amp;rft.pages=171&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Boudet2007"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Patrice_Boudet2007">Jean-Patrice Boudet, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Charles V, Gervais Chrétien et les manuscrits scientifiques du collège de maître Gervais</cite>&#160;», <i>Médiévales</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;52,&#8206; 2007, mis en ligne le 6 septembre 2009, <span class="nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="paragraphe(s)">§</abbr>&#160;12</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://medievales.revues.org/1943">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-11-29" data-sort-value="2016-11-29">29 novembre 2016</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Charles+V%2C+Gervais+Chr%C3%A9tien+et+les+manuscrits+scientifiques+du+coll%C3%A8ge+de+ma%C3%AEtre+Gervais&amp;rft.jtitle=M%C3%A9di%C3%A9vales&amp;rft.aulast=Boudet&amp;rft.aufirst=Jean-Patrice&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.volume=52&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr+%22+title%3D%22paragraphe%28s%29%22+%3E%C2%A7%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3B12%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Chaudouet2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Olivier_Chaudouet2016">Olivier Chaudouet, <cite class="italique">Histoire de Saint-Antoine-le-Château à travers la vie de saint Antoine «&#160;l'Égyptien&#160;»</cite>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-11-17" data-sort-value="2016-11-17">17 novembre 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olivierchaudouet.com/notice-historique.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;12<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+de+Saint-Antoine-le-Ch%C3%A2teau+%C3%A0+travers+la+vie+de+saint+Antoine+%C2%AB+l%27%C3%89gyptien+%C2%BB&amp;rft.aulast=Chaudouet&amp;rft.aufirst=Olivier&amp;rft.date=2016-11-17&amp;rft.pages=12&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Leroux1884-1887"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alfred_Leroux1884-1887"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Leroux" title="Alfred Leroux">Alfred Leroux</a>, <cite class="italique">Inventaire-sommaire des archives hospitalières antérieures à 1790</cite>, <span class="italique">Haute-Vienne. Ville de Limoges</span>, Limoges, impr. Gely, 1884-1887, 421&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.haute-vienne.fr/_depot_ad87/_depot_arko/articles/700/consulter-l-instrument-de-recherche-h-sup-limoges-_doc.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, «&#160;Lastours&#160;», <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;36, «&#160;Solignac&#160;», <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;38<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Inventaire-sommaire+des+archives+hospitali%C3%A8res+ant%C3%A9rieures+%C3%A0+1790&amp;rft.place=Limoges&amp;rft.pub=impr.+Gely&amp;rft.aulast=Leroux&amp;rft.aufirst=Alfred&amp;rft.date=1887&amp;rft.pages=%C2%AB+Lastours+%C2%BB%2C+%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%22page%22%3Ep.%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3B36%2C+%C2%AB+Solignac+%C2%BB%2C+%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%22page%22%3Ep.%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3B38&amp;rft.tpages=421&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Parat1919-1920"><span class="ouvrage" id="Alexandre_Parat1919-1920"><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Parat" title="Alexandre Parat">Alexandre Parat</a>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">Nouveau répertoire archéologique de l'Avallonnais</cite>&#160;», <i>Bulletin de la Société d'études d'Avallon</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;61-62,&#8206; 1919-1920, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;138 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://echo.auxerre.free.fr/dossier_telechargement/Bulletin_Avallon/1919_bulletin_avallon.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Nouveau+r%C3%A9pertoire+arch%C3%A9ologique+de+l%27Avallonnais&amp;rft.jtitle=Bulletin+de+la+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+d%27%C3%A9tudes+d%27Avallon&amp;rft.aulast=Parat&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexandre&amp;rft.date=1920&amp;rft.volume=61-62&amp;rft.pages=138&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Julien1979"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_Julien1979">Pierre Julien, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal">L'Hôpital Sainte-Marthe d'Avignon à la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle et au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle [compte rendu de] <span class="ouvrage" id="Ibert1979"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michel_Ibert1979">Michel Ibert, <cite class="italique">Contribution à l'étude historique de l'hôpital Sainte-Marthe d'Avignon&#160;: Période 1670-1740</cite> (thèse de doctorat en médecine, Marseille, 1979), Marseille, Pronto-offset impr., <time>1979</time>, 914&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>, <span class="nowrap">2 vol.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Contribution+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%A9tude+historique+de+l%27h%C3%B4pital+Sainte-Marthe+d%27Avignon&amp;rft.place=Marseille&amp;rft.pub=Pronto-offset+impr.&amp;rft.stitle=P%C3%A9riode+1670-1740&amp;rft.aulast=Ibert&amp;rft.aufirst=Michel&amp;rft.date=1979&amp;rft.tpages=914&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span></cite>&#160;», <i>Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;67, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;243,&#8206; <time>1979</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;295 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/doc/pharm_0035-2349_1979_num_67_243_3979_t1_0294_0000_3">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=L%27H%C3%B4pital+Sainte-Marthe+d%27Avignon+%C3%A0+la+fin+du+XVIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle+et+au+d%C3%A9but+du+XVIIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle+%5Bcompte+rendu+de%5D+Michel+Ibert%2C+Contribution+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%A9tude+historique+de+l%27h%C3%B4pital+Sainte-Marthe+d%27Avignon+%3A+P%C3%A9riode+1670-1740+%28th%C3%A8se+de+doctorat+en+m%C3%A9decine%2C+Marseille%2C+1979%29%2C+Marseille%2C+Pronto-offset+impr.%2C+1979%2C+914%26nbsp%3Bp.%2C+2+vol.&amp;rft.jtitle=Revue+d%27histoire+de+la+pharmacie&amp;rft.issue=243&amp;rft.aulast=Julien&amp;rft.aufirst=Pierre&amp;rft.date=1979&amp;rft.volume=67&amp;rft.pages=295&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">«&#160;Hôpital Sainte-Marthe d'Avignon&#160;», sur le site des <i>archives départementales du Vaucluse</i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://e-archives.vaucluse.fr/ead.pdf?id=FRAD084_egf&amp;c=FRAD084_egf_de-819">lire en ligne</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Sur la traduction du mot <a href="/wiki/Anglo-normand_(langue)" title="Anglo-normand (langue)">anglo-normand</a> «&#160;medicines&#160;». Au <abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle le mot français «&#160;médecine&#160;» avait souvent le sens de «&#160;remède&#160;»&#160;; voir <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/médecine">«&#160;Médecine&#160;»</a> sur le site du Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales. On traduit d'habitude en anglais par «&#160;<span class="lang-en" lang="en">medicines</span>&#160;», signifiant «&#160;médicament&#160;»&#160;; par exemple&#160;: <i>Henry of Grosmont, first duke of Lancaster,</i> Le Livre de Seyntz Medicines = The Book of Holy Medicines, <i>translated with notes and introduction by Catherine Batt</i>, Tempe, Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies (Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies, 419&#160;; The French of England Translation Series, 8), 2014, <span class="nowrap">xv + 327&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr></span> Par contre, Émile-Jules Arnould (<i>Étude sur le Livre des saintes médecines du duc Henri de Lancastre, accompagnée d'extraits du texte</i>, Paris, 1948) traduit «&#160;médecines&#160;» et Norman F. Cantor traduit «&#160;doctors&#160;».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Cantor2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Norman_F._Cantor2001"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Cantor" title="Norman Cantor">Norman F. Cantor</a>, <cite class="italique" lang="en">In the Wake of the Plague&#160;: The Black Death and the World it Made</cite>, New York, The Free Press, <time>2001</time>, 245&#160;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-684-85735-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-684-85735-9"><span class="nowrap">0-684-85735-9</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5QK_5hVmDz4C&amp;pg=PA55">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&#160;55<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=In+the+Wake+of+the+Plague&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=The+Free+Press&amp;rft.stitle=The+Black+Death+and+the+World+it+Made&amp;rft.aulast=Cantor&amp;rft.aufirst=Norman+F.&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.pages=55&amp;rft.tpages=245&amp;rft.isbn=0-684-85735-9&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A1354+en+sant%C3%A9+et+m%C3%A9decine"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:M%C3%A9decine" title="Portail de la médecine"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Star_of_life2.svg/24px-Star_of_life2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Star_of_life2.svg/36px-Star_of_life2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Star_of_life2.svg/48px-Star_of_life2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:M%C3%A9decine" title="Portail:Médecine">Portail de la médecine</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge_tardif" title="Portail du Moyen Âge tardif"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/22px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/33px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/44px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="489" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge_tardif" title="Portail:Moyen Âge tardif">Portail du Moyen Âge tardif</a></span> </span></li> </ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐847495b4dd‐rrmxp Cached time: 20241128135905 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.325 seconds Real time usage: 0.438 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3630/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 112819/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 39446/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 26/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18017/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.135/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7466306/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 385.926 1 -total 38.63% 149.066 11 Modèle:Note 24.45% 94.351 1 Modèle:Chronologie_santé_et_médecine 22.00% 84.913 1 Modèle:Palette_Années 21.51% 82.998 5 Modèle:Article 21.17% 81.697 1 Modèle:Méta_infobox_navigation 19.90% 76.801 1 Modèle:Ébauche 11.74% 45.308 1 Modèle:Portail 8.94% 34.507 2 Modèle:Méta_infobox_navigation/Liste 8.09% 31.219 4 Modèle:Trim --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key frwiki:pcache:idhash:10437200-0!canonical and timestamp 20241128135905 and revision id 212215739. 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