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<li id="toc-Fight_against_apartheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fight_against_apartheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Fight against apartheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fight_against_apartheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-apartheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-apartheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Post-apartheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-apartheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_secretaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_secretaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>General secretaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_secretaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_chairperson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_chairperson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>National chairperson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_chairperson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prominent_members_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_SACP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prominent_members_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_SACP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Prominent members of the Central Committee of the SACP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prominent_members_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_SACP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Veterans'_category" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Veterans'_category"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Veterans' category</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Veterans'_category-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">South African Communist Party</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suid-Afrikaanse_Kommunistiese_Party" title="Suid-Afrikaanse Kommunistiese Party – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Suid-Afrikaanse Kommunistiese Party" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Паўднёва-Афрыканская камуністычная партыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўднёва-Афрыканская камуністычная партыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_Comunista_de_Sud-%C3%A0frica" title="Partit Comunista de Sud-àfrica – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit Comunista de Sud-àfrica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_sydafrikanske_kommunistparti" title="Det sydafrikanske kommunistparti – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det sydafrikanske kommunistparti" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Communist_Party" title="South African Communist Party – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="South African Communist Party" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_Sudafricano" title="Partido Comunista Sudafricano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Comunista Sudafricano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudafrika_Komunista_Partio" title="Sudafrika Komunista Partio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sudafrika Komunista Partio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="حزب کمونیست آفریقای جنوبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب کمونیست آفریقای جنوبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_communiste_sud-africain" title="Parti communiste sud-africain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti communiste sud-africain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_Surafricano" title="Partido Comunista Surafricano – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Partido Comunista Surafricano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9" title="남아프리카 공산당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="남아프리카 공산당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partai_Komunis_Afrika_Selatan" title="Partai Komunis Afrika Selatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Partai Komunis Afrika Selatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Sudafricano" title="Partito Comunista Sudafricano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Comunista Sudafricano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF" title="സൗത്ത് ആഫ്രിക്കൻ കമ്മ്യൂണിസ്റ്റ് പാർട്ടി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൗത്ത് ആഫ്രിക്കൻ കമ്മ്യൂണിസ്റ്റ് പാർട്ടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuid-Afrikaanse_Communistische_Partij" title="Zuid-Afrikaanse Communistische Partij – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zuid-Afrikaanse Communistische Partij" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Communist_Party" title="South African Communist Party – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="South African Communist Party" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_s%C3%B8rafrikanske_kommunistpartiet" title="Det sørafrikanske kommunistpartiet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Det sørafrikanske kommunistpartiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80" title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਅਫ਼ਰੀਕੀ ਕਮਿਊਨਿਸਟ ਪਾਰਟੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੱਖਣੀ ਅਫ਼ਰੀਕੀ ਕਮਿਊਨਿਸਟ ਪਾਰਟੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A4%D8%AA%DA%BE_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%B9_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="ساؤتھ افریقن کمیونسٹ پارٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ساؤتھ افریقن کمیونسٹ پارٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82udniowoafryka%C5%84ska_Partia_Komunistyczna" title="Południowoafrykańska Partia Komunistyczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Południowoafrykańska Partia Komunistyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_Sul-Africano" title="Partido Comunista Sul-Africano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Comunista Sul-Africano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Южно-Африканская коммунистическая партия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Южно-Африканская коммунистическая партия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partitu_Cumunista_Sudafricanu" title="Partitu Cumunista Sudafricanu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Partitu Cumunista Sudafricanu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Communist_Party" title="South African Communist Party – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="South African Communist Party" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Јужноафричка комунистичка партија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јужноафричка комунистичка партија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etel%C3%A4-Afrikan_kommunistinen_puolue" title="Etelä-Afrikan kommunistinen puolue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etelä-Afrikan kommunistinen puolue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydafrikanska_kommunistpartiet" title="Sydafrikanska kommunistpartiet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydafrikanska kommunistpartiet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89" title="พรรคคอมมิวนิสต์แอฟริกาใต้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พรรคคอมมิวนิสต์แอฟริกาใต้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCney_Afrika_Kom%C3%BCnist_Partisi" title="Güney Afrika Komünist Partisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güney Afrika Komünist Partisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in South Africa</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #FE0000; border-bottom:2px solid #FE0000; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">South African Communist Party</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg/150px-Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg/225px-Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg/300px-Emblem_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1154" data-file-height="1292" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_chair" title="Party chair">Chairperson</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Blade_Nzimande" title="Blade Nzimande">Blade Nzimande</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Solly_Afrika_Mapaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Solly Afrika Mapaila">Solly Afrika Mapaila</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">First Deputy General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Madala_Masuku" title="Madala Masuku">Madala Masuku</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Second Deputy General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/David_Masondo" title="David Masondo">David Masondo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">12 February 1921<span class="noprint">; 103 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1921-02-12</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_League_(South_Africa)" title="International Socialist League (South Africa)">International Socialist League</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">4th Floor<br />Cosatu House<br />110 Jorissen Street<br /><a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Umsebenzi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Young Communist League of South Africa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2015)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 220,000<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">Far-left</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">National affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Alliance" title="Tripartite Alliance">Tripartite Alliance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Meeting_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties">IMCWP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Regional affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;">Africa Left Networking Forum</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:red; color:black;"> </span> Red</li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;"> </span> Black</li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;"> </span> Yellow</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Party flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg/400px-Flag_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4580" data-file-height="2844" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacp.org.za/">www<wbr />.sacp<wbr />.org<wbr />.za</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #FE0000;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_South_Africa" title="Politics of South Africa">Politics of South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_South_Africa" title="List of political parties in South Africa">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_South_Africa" title="Elections in South Africa">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>South African Communist Party</b> (<b>SACP</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">communist party</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>. It was founded in 12 February 1921 as the <b>Communist Party of South Africa</b> (<b>CPSA</b>), tactically dissolved itself in 1950 in the face of being declared illegal by the governing <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa)" title="National Party (South Africa)">National Party</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_Communism_Act,_1950" title="Suppression of Communism Act, 1950">Suppression of Communism Act, 1950</a>. The Communist Party was reconstituted underground and re-launched as the SACP in 1953, participating in the struggle to end the <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> system. It is a member of the ruling <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Alliance" title="Tripartite Alliance">Tripartite Alliance</a> alongside the <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_South_African_Trade_Unions" title="Congress of South African Trade Unions">Congress of South African Trade Unions</a> (COSATU) and through this it influences the South African government. The party's <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the South African Communist Party">Central Committee</a> is the party's highest decision-making structure. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Communist Party of South Africa was founded in 1921 by the joining together of the <a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_League_(South_Africa)" title="International Socialist League (South Africa)">International Socialist League</a> and others under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/William_H._Andrews_(unionist)" title="William H. Andrews (unionist)">Willam H. Andrews</a>. It first came to prominence during the <a href="/wiki/Rand_Rebellion" title="Rand Rebellion">Rand Rebellion</a>, a strike by white miners in 1922. The large mining concerns, facing labour shortages and wage pressures, had announced their intention of engaging blacks in semi-skilled and some higher-level jobs at low wage rates, compared to their white counterparts who enjoyed the monopoly of higher and well-paying occupations. The CPSA supported the strike as the struggle between the working class and the capitalist class, but it distanced itself from racist slogans associated with the strike.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party said in the statement a white South Africa was impossible, and all the workers had to organise and unite regardless of their race to fight for a non-racial South Africa and better conditions for all workers. </p><p>The party thus reoriented itself at its 1924 Party Congress towards organising black workers and "Africanising" the party. By 1928, 1,600 of the party's 1,750 members were black. In the same year, the Communist International adopted a resolution for the CPSA to adopt the "Native Republic" thesis, which stipulated that South Africa is a country belonging to the natives, that is, the Indigenous Black population. The resolution was influenced by a delegation from South Africa. James la Guma, the party Chairperson from Cape Town, had met with the leadership of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Communist International</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Contemporary scholars have argued that the party dismissed competing attempts at multiracial revolutionary organisations during this period, especially multiracial union organising by the <a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">syndicalists</a>, and used revisionist history to claim that the party and its Native Republic policy was the only viable route to African liberation.<sup id="cite_ref-colorlines_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-colorlines-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, in 1929 the party adopted a "strategic line" which held that, "The most direct line of advance to <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a> runs through the mass struggle for <a href="/wiki/Majority_rule" title="Majority rule">majority rule</a>". By 1948, the Communist Party had officially abandoned the Native Republic policy. </p><p>In 1946, the CPSA along with the <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> participated in the general strike that was started by the <a href="/wiki/1946_African_Mine_Workers%27_Union_strike" title="1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike">African Mine Workers' Strike</a> in 1946. Many party members, such as <a href="/wiki/Bram_Fischer" title="Bram Fischer">Bram Fischer</a>, were arrested. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fight_against_apartheid">Fight against apartheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fight against apartheid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union-Africa_relations#South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Union-Africa relations">Soviet Union-Africa relations § South Africa</a></div> <p>Aware that the National Party, elected to government in 1948, was about to ban the Communist Party, the CPSA decided by a majority to dissolve itself. A minority felt that the party should organise underground, but the majority apparently argued that this would be unnecessary, believing that support should be given to the African National Congress (ANC) in the drive to majority rule. After its voluntary dissolution, the CPSA was declared illegal in 1950. In 1953, a group of former CPSA members launched the <i>South African Communist Party</i> that remained — as had been the CPSA — aligned with the Soviet Union. The ban on the party was lifted in 1990 when the ANC and other anti-apartheid organisations and individuals were also unbanned, and African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela was released from prison.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The CPSA/SACP was a particular target of the governing National Party. The <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_Communism_Act,_1950" title="Suppression of Communism Act, 1950">Suppression of Communism Act</a> was used against all those dedicated to ending apartheid, but was obviously particularly targeted at the communists. </p><p>Following the dissolution and subsequent banning of the CPSA, former party members and, after 1953, members of the SACP adopted a policy of primarily working within the ANC in order to reorient that organisation's programme from a nationalist policy akin to the CPSA's former Native Republic policy towards a non-racial programme which declared that all ethnic groups residing in South Africa had equal rights to the country. While black members of the SACP were encouraged to join the ANC and seek leadership positions within that organisation, many of its white leading members formed the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Congress_of_Democrats" title="South African Congress of Democrats">Congress of Democrats</a> which in turn allied itself with the <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> and other "non-racial" congresses in the <a href="/wiki/Congress_Alliance" title="Congress Alliance">Congress Alliance</a> on the basis of multi-racialism. The Congress Alliance committed itself to a democratic, non-racial South Africa where the "people shall govern" through the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Charter" title="Freedom Charter">Freedom Charter</a>. The Freedom Charter was adopted by the ANC, the SACP and other partners in the Alliance in accordance with its evolution. The Charter has since remained the cornerstone of the Alliance, as its basic, shared programme to advance a national democratic revolution, both a process of struggle and transformation to achieve a non-racial, non-sexist, democratic and prosperous South Africa. </p><p>The SACP played a role in the development of the Freedom Charter through its cadres who were openly active in the Congress Alliance and in the Party's underground organisation. In the same vein the Party played an important role in the evolution of the Alliance and the development of the liberation movement in South Africa. </p><p>As the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa)" title="National Party (South Africa)">National Party</a> increased repression in response to increased black pressure and radicalism throughout the 1950s, the <a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">ANC</a>, previously committed to non-violence, turned towards the question of force. A new generation of leaders, led by <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Sisulu" title="Walter Sisulu">Walter Sisulu</a> recognised that the Nationalists were certain to ban the ANC and so make peaceful protest all but impossible. </p><p>They allied themselves with the communists to form <a href="/wiki/Umkhonto_we_Sizwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Umkhonto we Sizwe">Umkhonto we Sizwe</a> ("Spear of the Nation") which began a campaign of terror by bombing civilian targets like shopping malls and restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the leaders of Umkhonto were soon arrested and jailed and the liberation movement was left weak and with an exiled leadership. Communist <a href="/wiki/Joe_Slovo" title="Joe Slovo">Joe Slovo</a> was Chief of Staff of Umkhonto; his wife and fellow SACP cadre <a href="/wiki/Ruth_First" title="Ruth First">Ruth First</a> was perhaps the leading theoretician of the revolutionary struggle the ANC were engaged in. The ANC itself, though, remained broadly <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democratic</a> in outlook.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In exile, communist nations provided the ANC with funding and firearms. Gradual work by the ANC slowly rebuilt the organisation inside South Africa, and the ANC was able to capitalise on the wave of anger amongst young South Africans during and after the <a href="/wiki/Soweto_uprising" title="Soweto uprising">Soweto uprising</a> of 1976. </p><p>Eventually external pressures and internal ferment made even many strong supporters of apartheid recognise that change had to come and a long process of negotiations began which resulted, in 1994, in the defeat of the National Party after forty-six years of rule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-apartheid">Post-apartheid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post-apartheid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With victory a number of communists occupied prominent positions on the ANC benches in parliament. Most prominently, <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> appointed <a href="/wiki/Joe_Slovo" title="Joe Slovo">Joe Slovo</a> as Minister for Housing. This period also brought new strains in the ANC-SACP alliance when the ANC's programme did not threaten the existence of <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalism</a> in South Africa and was heavily reliant on foreign investment and tourism. However, the Freedom Charter had been considered only as a blueprint for a future democratic and free South Africa. Joe Slovo believed socialism had failed in Eastern Europe and could not be regarded as a model for the SACP. In his <a href="/wiki/Autobiography" title="Autobiography">autobiography</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Long_Walk_to_Freedom" title="Long Walk to Freedom">Long Walk to Freedom</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> famously remarked: </p> <blockquote><p>"The cynical have always suggested that the Communists were using us. But who is to say that we were not using them?"<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>After Mandela's death in 2013, the ANC confirmed that he had been a member of the SACP and served on its central committee.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through the Tripartite Alliance and the sitting of many SACP members on the ANC's <a href="/wiki/National_Executive_Committee_of_the_African_National_Congress" title="National Executive Committee of the African National Congress">NEC</a>, the SACP has wielded influence from within the ANC, often serving as an ideological opposition against the presidency and socio-economic policies of <a href="/wiki/Thabo_Mbeki" title="Thabo Mbeki">Thabo Mbeki</a> (1999–2008); this became most apparent with the ouster of Mbeki from the presidencies of both the party (2007, by vote) and the government (2008, by ANC party recall) and his eventual replacement in both offices with <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Zuma" title="Jacob Zuma">Jacob Zuma</a>, who was widely seen as being more conciliatory to the ideological demands of both the SACP and COSATU. </p><p>Initially, the party did not contest elections under its own name. However, in December 2017, the party contested a number of local council by-elections in <a href="/wiki/Metsimaholo_Local_Municipality" title="Metsimaholo Local Municipality">Metsimahalo</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Free_State_(province)" title="Free State (province)">Free State</a>, failing to win any <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post</a> ward seats, but gaining three proportional representation seats. In total the SACP received 3,270 votes (6,3%).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his address to the 2015 Biennial National Conference of the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Jewish_Board_of_Deputies" title="South African Jewish Board of Deputies">South African Jewish Board of Deputies</a>, South African President <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Zuma" title="Jacob Zuma">Jacob Zuma</a> credited <a href="/wiki/South_African_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="South African Jews">South African Jews</a> for being "among the first to organise the South African working class" as some Jewish activists occupied leading positions within the Communist Party.<sup id="cite_ref-zuma-2015_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zuma-2015-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_secretaries">General secretaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: General secretaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>1921: <a href="/wiki/William_H._Andrews_(unionist)" title="William H. Andrews (unionist)">William H. Andrews</a></dd> <dd>1925: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Shields_(journalist)" title="Jimmy Shields (journalist)">Jimmy Shields</a></dd> <dd>1929: <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wolton" title="Douglas Wolton">Douglas Wolton</a><sup id="cite_ref-switzer334_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-switzer334-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1929: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Nzula" title="Albert Nzula">Albert Nzula</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1932: <a href="/wiki/J._B._Marks" title="J. B. Marks">J. B. Marks</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1933: <a href="/wiki/Moses_Kotane" title="Moses Kotane">Moses Kotane</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1936: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Thabo_Mofutsanyana" title="Edwin Thabo Mofutsanyana">Edwin Thabo Mofutsanyana</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1938: <a href="/wiki/Moses_Kotane" title="Moses Kotane">Moses Kotane</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1978: <a href="/wiki/Moses_Mabhida" title="Moses Mabhida">Moses Mabhida</a></dd> <dd>1984: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Slovo" title="Joe Slovo">Joe Slovo</a></dd> <dd>1991: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Hani" title="Chris Hani">Chris Hani</a></dd> <dd>1993: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nqakula" title="Charles Nqakula">Charles Nqakula</a></dd> <dd>1998: <a href="/wiki/Blade_Nzimande" title="Blade Nzimande">Blade Nzimande</a></dd> <dd>2022: <a href="/wiki/Solly_Afrika_Mapaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Solly Afrika Mapaila">Solly Afrika Mapaila</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_chairperson">National chairperson</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: National chairperson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>1921: <a href="/wiki/William_H._Andrews_(unionist)" title="William H. Andrews (unionist)">William H. Andrews</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1925: <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bunting" title="Sidney Bunting">Sidney Bunting</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1931: <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wolton" title="Douglas Wolton">Douglas Wolton</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1933: <a href="/wiki/Lazar_Bach" title="Lazar Bach">Lazar Bach</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1935: Issie Wolfson<sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1939: <a href="/wiki/William_H._Andrews_(unionist)" title="William H. Andrews (unionist)">William H. Andrews</a><sup id="cite_ref-roth_18-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roth-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>1953: <a href="/wiki/Bram_Fischer" title="Bram Fischer">Bram Fischer</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>2007: <a href="/wiki/Gwede_Mantashe" title="Gwede Mantashe">Gwede Mantashe</a></dd> <dd>2017: <a href="/wiki/Senzeni_Zokwana" title="Senzeni Zokwana">Senzeni Zokwana</a></dd> <dd>2022: <a href="/wiki/Blade_Nzimande" title="Blade Nzimande">Blade Nzimande</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prominent_members_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_SACP">Prominent members of the Central Committee of the SACP</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Prominent members of the Central Committee of the SACP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Harmel" title="Michael Harmel">Michael Harmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Kotane" title="Moses Kotane">Moses Kotane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Marks" title="J. B. Marks">J. B. Marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bram_Fischer" title="Bram Fischer">Bram Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Cronin" title="Jeremy Cronin">Jeremy Cronin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_First" title="Ruth First">Ruth First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hani" title="Chris Hani">Chris Hani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Kasrils" title="Ronnie Kasrils">Ronnie Kasrils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Maharaj" title="Mac Maharaj">Mac Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govan_Mbeki" title="Govan Mbeki">Govan Mbeki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thabo_Mbeki" title="Thabo Mbeki">Thabo Mbeki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Mhlaba" title="Raymond Mhlaba">Raymond Mhlaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Slovo" title="Joe Slovo">Joe Slovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Dadoo" title="Yusuf Dadoo">Yusuf Dadoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade_Nzimande" title="Blade Nzimande">Blade Nzimande</a></li> <li>Sechaba "Charles" Setsubi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Davies_(politician)" title="Rob Davies (politician)">Rob Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mashamba" title="George Mashamba">George Mashamba</a></li> <li>Mfengu Makhalima</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Bunting" title="Brian Bunting">Brian Bunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kay_Moonsamy" title="Kay Moonsamy">Kay Moonsamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nkadimeng" title="John Nkadimeng">John Nkadimeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Barsel" title="Esther Barsel">Esther Barsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nqakula" title="Charles Nqakula">Charles Nqakula</a></li> <li>Judy Malqueeny</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thenjiwe_Mtintso" title="Thenjiwe Mtintso">Thenjiwe Mtintso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gomomo" title="John Gomomo">John Gomomo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Veterans'_category"><span id="Veterans.27_category"></span>Veterans' category</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Veterans' category"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Mufamadi" title="Sydney Mufamadi">Sydney Mufamadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nqakula" title="Charles Nqakula">Charles Nqakula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essop_Pahad" title="Essop Pahad">Essop Pahad</a></li> <li>David Niddrie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ivon_Jones" title="David Ivon Jones">David Ivon Jones</a> - founding member of the South African Communist Party</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">List of communist parties</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/African_Communist" title="African Communist">African Communist</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_South_African_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the South African Communist Party">Central Committee of the South African Communist Party</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Raising the Red Flag. The International Socialist League & the Communist Party of South Africa 1914 - 1932</i> by Sheridan Johns. Mayibuye History and Literature Series No. 49. Mayibuye Books. University of the Western Cape, Bellville. 1995. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86808-211-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-86808-211-3">1-86808-211-3</a>.</li> <li><i>Time Longer Than Rope</i> by Edward Roux. The University of Wisconsin Press. Madison, Wisconsin. 1964. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-03204-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-03204-3">978-0-299-03204-3</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_African_Communist_Party&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sacp.org.za/content/offices">"Offices | South African Communist Party (SACP)"</a>. <i>www.sacp.org.za</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sacp.org.za&rft.atitle=Offices+%26%23124%3B+South+African+Communist+Party+%28SACP%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacp.org.za%2Fcontent%2Foffices&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+African+Communist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKotze" class="citation news cs1">Kotze, Dirk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/why-communism-appears-to-be-gaining-favour-in-south-africa-45063">"Why communism appears to be gaining favour in South Africa"</a>. <i>The Conversation</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052257/https://theconversation.com/why-communism-appears-to-be-gaining-favour-in-south-africa-45063">Archived</a> from the original on 22 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=Why+communism+appears+to+be+gaining+favour+in+South+Africa&rft.aulast=Kotze&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fwhy-communism-appears-to-be-gaining-favour-in-south-africa-45063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+African+Communist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181104152624/http://www.sacp.org.za/main.php?ID=3840">"Constitution"</a>. South African Communist Party. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacp.org.za/main.php?ID=3840">the original</a> on 4 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution&rft.pub=South+African+Communist+Party&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacp.org.za%2Fmain.php%3FID%3D3840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+African+Communist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Public Statement on the strike," issued by the CPSA on the occasion of the strike in 1922. <i>South African Communists Speak</i> (Inkululeko, 1981) contains this and other documents from the History of the South African Communist Party, 1915-1980.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dr. Raymond van Diemel. <i>"I have seen the new Jerusalem": Revisiting and re-conceptualising Josiah T. Gumede and Jimmy La Guma's USSR visit of 1927</i> (2001)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-colorlines-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-colorlines_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColevan_der_Walt2011" class="citation journal cs1">Cole, Peter; van der Walt, Lucien (January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abahlali.org/files/IWW.pdf">"Crossing the Color Lines, Crossing the Continents: Comparing the Racial Politics of the IWW in South Africa and the United States, 1905–1925"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Safundi: The Journal of South African and American Studies</i>. <b>12</b> (1): 69–96. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111004141911/http://abahlali.org/files/IWW.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:South_African_Communist_Party" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:South African Communist Party">South African Communist Party</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacp.org.za/">South African Communist Party</a> – official site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacp.org.za/docs/history/fifty1.html">Fifty Fighting Years: The Communist Party of South Africa 1921–1971</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/history/international/comintern/sections/sacp/index.htm">South African Communist Party Documents</a> from <a href="/wiki/Marxists_Internet_Archive" title="Marxists Internet Archive">Marxists Internet Archive</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_South_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Africa_political_parties" title="Template:South Africa political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_Africa_political_parties" title="Template talk:South Africa political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_Africa_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South Africa political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_South_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_South_Africa" title="List of political parties in South Africa">Political parties</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="National Assembly of South Africa">National Assembly</a><br /><small>(with number of seats held)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (159)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Democratic Alliance</a> (87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UMkhonto_weSizwe_(political_party)" title="UMkhonto weSizwe (political party)">uMkhonto weSizwe</a> (58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">Economic Freedom Fighters</a> (39)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">Inkatha Freedom Party</a> (17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Alliance" title="Patriotic Alliance">Patriotic Alliance</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Front_Plus" title="Freedom Front Plus">Freedom Front Plus</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ActionSA" title="ActionSA">ActionSA</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Christian_Democratic_Party" title="African Christian Democratic Party">African Christian Democratic Party</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Movement" title="United Democratic Movement">United Democratic Movement</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Mzansi" title="Rise Mzansi">Rise Mzansi</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Transformation_Movement" title="African Transformation Movement">African Transformation Movement</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jama-ah" title="Al Jama-ah">Al Jama-ah</a> (2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">National Council of Provinces</a><br /><small>(with number of seats held)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_National_Congress" title="African National Congress">African National Congress</a> (54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Democratic Alliance</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Economic Freedom Fighters">Economic Freedom Fighters</a> (11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Front_Plus" title="Freedom Front Plus">Freedom Front Plus</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inkatha_Freedom_Party" title="Inkatha Freedom Party">Inkatha Freedom Party</a> (2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communist and socialist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Content_Movement" title="African Content Movement">African Content Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azanian_People%27s_Organisation" title="Azanian People's Organisation">Azanian People's Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolsheviks_Party_of_South_Africa" title="Bolsheviks Party of South Africa">Bolsheviks Party of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Ambassadors" title="National People's Ambassadors">National People's Ambassadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Revolutionary_Workers_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (South Africa)">Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">South African Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_International_Vanguard_Party" title="Workers International Vanguard Party">Workers International Vanguard Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_and_Socialist_Party" title="Workers and Socialist Party">Workers and Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Congress_(South_Africa)" title="United Congress (South Africa)">United Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social democratic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Congress_of_Democrats" title="African Congress of Democrats">African Congress of Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Democratic_Change" title="African Democratic Change">African Democratic Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikan_Alliance_of_Social_Democrats" title="Afrikan Alliance of Social Democrats">Afrikan Alliance of Social Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agang_South_Africa" title="Agang South Africa">Agang South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_People_(South_African_political_party)" title="Congress of the People (South African political party)">Congress of the People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Freedom_Party" title="National Freedom Party">National Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_of_Africans_Unity" title="Power of Africans Unity">Power of Africans Unity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pan-Africanist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_People%27s_Convention" title="African People's Convention">African People's Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abantu_Batho_Congress" title="Abantu Batho Congress">Abantu Batho Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_First_Land_First" title="Black First Land First">Black First Land First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Africanist_Congress_of_Azania" title="Pan Africanist Congress of Azania">Pan Africanist Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Africanist_Movement" title="Pan Africanist Movement">Pan Africanist Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minority rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Muslim_Party" title="Africa Muslim Party">Africa Muslim Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Muslim_Congress" title="Cape Muslim Congress">Cape Muslim Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatriots_of_South_Africa" title="Compatriots of South Africa">Compatriots of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_Front" title="Minority Front">Minority Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coloured_Congress" title="National Coloured Congress">National Coloured Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liberal and libertarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_Party_of_South_Africa" title="Capitalist Party of South Africa">Capitalist Party of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Congress" title="Democratic Liberal Congress">Democratic Liberal Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Democrats_(South_Africa)" title="Free Democrats (South Africa)">Free Democrats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agrarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Warriors_of_Maruleng" title="Civic Warriors of Maruleng">Civic Warriors of Maruleng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Land Party (South Africa)">Land Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Christian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hope4SA" title="Hope4SA">#Hope4SA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Christian Democratic Party (South Africa)">Christian Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Political_Movement" title="Christian Political Movement">Christian Political Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Emancipation_Forum" title="Economic Emancipation Forum">Economic Emancipation Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Governance_Movement" title="Kingdom Governance Movement">Kingdom Governance Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Christian_Democratic_Party" title="United Christian Democratic Party">United Christian Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_People_First" title="Uniting People First">Uniting People First</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environmentalist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECOPEACE_Party" title="ECOPEACE Party">ECOPEACE Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_South_Africa" title="Green Party of South Africa">Green Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Single issue</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Security_Congress" title="African Security Congress">African Security Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Things_Are_Possible_(political_party)" title="All Things Are Possible (political party)">All Things Are Possible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Transformation_for_All" title="Alliance for Transformation for All">Alliance for Transformation for All</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagga_Party" title="Dagga Party">Dagga Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_for_Service_Delivery" title="Forum for Service Delivery">Forum for Service Delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_South_Africa_Party" title="New South Africa Party">New South Africa Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dudula" title="Operation Dudula">Operation Dudula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendum_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Referendum Party (South Africa)">Referendum Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Maintenance_and_Estate_Beneficiaries_Association" title="South African Maintenance and Estate Beneficiaries Association">South African Maintenance and Estate Beneficiaries Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_Forward" title="Women Forward">Women Forward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local issues and regionalist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Better_Residents_Association" title="Better Residents Association">Better Residents Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Independence_Party" title="Cape Independence Party">Cape Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabalorivhuwa_Patriotic_Front" title="Dabalorivhuwa Patriotic Front">Dabalorivhuwa Patriotic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazankulu_Liberation_Congress" title="Gazankulu Liberation Congress">Gazankulu Liberation Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoo_Gemeenskap_Party" title="Karoo Gemeenskap Party">Karoo Gemeenskap Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAP16_Civic_Movement" title="MAP16 Civic Movement">MAP16 Civic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaaslike_Besorgde_Inwoners" title="Plaaslike Besorgde Inwoners">Plaaslike Besorgde Inwoners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterkspruit_Civic_Association" title="Sterkspruit Civic Association">Sterkspruit Civic Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Covenant" title="African Covenant">African Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Independent_Congress" title="African Independent Congress">African Independent Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Revelation_Congress" title="International Revelation Congress">International Revelation Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_South_Africa" title="National Party South Africa">National Party South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Afrikaner nationalist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Self-determination_Party" title="Afrikaner Self-determination Party">Afrikaner Self-determination Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boerestaat_Party" title="Boerestaat Party">Boerestaat Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herstigte_Nasionale_Party" title="Herstigte Nasionale Party">Herstigte Nasionale Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservative_Party_of_South_Africa" title="National Conservative Party of South Africa">National Conservative Party of South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African traditionalist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Mantungwa_Community" title="African Mantungwa Community">African Mantungwa Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Renaissance_Unity_Party" title="African Renaissance Unity Party">African Renaissance Unity Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikwankwetla_Party_of_South_Africa" title="Dikwankwetla Party of South Africa">Dikwankwetla Party of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Front_(South_Africa)" title="National People's Front (South Africa)">National People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Freedom_Party" title="National Religious Freedom Party">National Religious Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Congress_of_Traditional_Authorities" title="South African National Congress of Traditional Authorities">South African National Congress of Traditional Authorities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uncategorised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Change_Academy" title="African Change Academy">African Change Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Congress_for_Transformation" title="African Congress for Transformation">African Congress for Transformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_People%27s_Movement" title="African People's Movement">African People's Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Citizens_for_Change" title="Alliance of Citizens for Change">Alliance of Citizens for Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Independent_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Independent Party (South Africa)">Democratic Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_(political_party)" title="Good (political party)">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Civic_Organisation_of_South_Africa" title="Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa">Independent Civic Organisation of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Peoples_Independent_Civic_Organisation" title="The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation">The Peoples Independent Civic Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_for_Change_(South_Africa)" title="People's Movement for Change (South Africa)">People's Movement for Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Political_Party" title="South African Political Party">South African Political Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Rainbow_Alliance" title="South African Rainbow Alliance">South African Rainbow Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_National_Party" title="Spectrum National Party">Spectrum National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Sugar_South_Africa" title="Team Sugar South Africa">Team Sugar South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Independent_Movement" title="United Independent Movement">United Independent Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiluva" title="Xiluva">Xiluva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ximoko_Party" title="Ximoko Party">Ximoko Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Azania" title="Socialist Party of Azania">Socialist Party of Azania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Party_of_South_Africa" title="Workers Party of South Africa">Workers Party of South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Socialist and social democratic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Labour Party (South Africa)">Labour Party (1910)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(South_Africa,_1969)" title="Labour Party (South Africa, 1969)">Labour Party (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Labour_Party_(South_Africa)" title="New Labour Party (South Africa)">New Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Independent_Front" title="United Independent Front">United Independent Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_South_Africa" title="Liberalism in South Africa">Liberal and progressive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Party (South Africa)">Democratic Party (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(South_Africa,_1973)" title="Democratic Party (South Africa, 1973)">Democratic Party (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party_(Transkei)" title="Democratic Progressive Party (Transkei)">Democratic Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Reform_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Democratic Reform Party (South Africa)">Democratic Reform Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Dominion Party (South Africa)">Dominion Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Federal Alliance (South Africa)">Federal Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Democrats" title="Independent Democrats">Independent Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Independent Party (South Africa)">Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_South_Africa" title="Liberal Party of South Africa">Liberal Party of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Federal_Party" title="Progressive Federal Party">Progressive Federal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(Cape_Colony)" title="Progressive Party (Cape Colony)">Progressive Party (1890)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Progressive Party (South Africa)">Progressive Party (1959)</a></li> <li><a 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Alliance_(South_Africa)" title="Christian Democratic Alliance (South Africa)">Christian Democratic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Front_(South_Africa)" title="Christian Front (South Africa)">Christian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christen_Party/Christian_Party" title="Christen Party/Christian Party">Christen Party/Christian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Democrats_(South_Africa)" title="Federation of Democrats (South Africa)">Federation of Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herenigde_Nasionale_Party" title="Herenigde Nasionale Party">Herenigde Nasionale Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Het_Volk_(political_party)" title="Het Volk (political party)">Het Volk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservative_Party_(South_Africa)" 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Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_nationalism" title="Afrikaner nationalism">Afrikaner nationalist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Bond" title="Afrikaner Bond">Afrikaner Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Eenheidsbeweging" title="Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging">Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Party" title="Afrikaner Party">Afrikaner Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Volksfront" title="Afrikaner Volksfront">Afrikaner Volksfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Conservative Party (South Africa)">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_National_(South_Africa)" title="Front National (South Africa)">Front National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Action_(South_Africa)" 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