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sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Likriktning,_effektivvärde_och_medelvärdesström" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Likriktning,_effektivvärde_och_medelvärdesström"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Likriktning, effektivvärde och medelvärdesström</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Likriktning,_effektivvärde_och_medelvärdesström-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Likriktning, effektivvärde och medelvärdesström</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Likriktning,_effektivvärde_och_medelvärdesström-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Exempel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exempel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Exempel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exempel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Likström</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 86 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelykstroom" title="Gelykstroom – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gelykstroom" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%80%E1%8C%A5%E1%89%B0%E1%8A%9B_%E1%8C%85%E1%88%A8%E1%89%B5" title="ቀጥተኛ ጅረት – amhariska" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቀጥተኛ ጅረት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1" title="تيار مستمر – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيار مستمر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrient_contina" title="Corrient contina – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Corrient contina" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corriente_continua" title="Corriente continua – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Corriente continua" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabit_c%C9%99r%C9%99yan" title="Sabit cərəyan – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sabit cərəyan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%8E_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9" title="একমুখী বিদ্যুৎ প্রবাহ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="একমুখী বিদ্যুৎ প্রবাহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%CC%8Dt-li%C3%BB" title="Ti̍t-liû – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ti̍t-liû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Пастаянны ток – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пастаянны ток" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Постоянен ток – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Постоянен ток" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleichstraum" title="Gleichstraum – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gleichstraum" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istosmjerna_struja" title="Istosmjerna struja – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Istosmjerna struja" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrent_continu" title="Corrent continu – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Corrent continu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%88%C4%83%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%C4%83%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Улшăнусăр ток – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Улшăнусăр ток" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stejnosm%C4%9Brn%C3%BD_proud" title="Stejnosměrný proud – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stejnosměrný proud" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A6vnstr%C3%B8m" title="Jævnstrøm – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jævnstrøm" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleichstrom" title="Gleichstrom – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gleichstrom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alalisvool" title="Alalisvool – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alalisvool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Συνεχές ρεύμα – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συνεχές ρεύμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Direct current" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corriente_continua" title="Corriente continua – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Corriente continua" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinua_kurento" title="Kontinua kurento – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kontinua kurento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korronte_zuzen" title="Korronte zuzen – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Korronte zuzen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%85" title="جریان مستقیم – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جریان مستقیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courant_continu" title="Courant continu – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Courant continu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrente_continua" title="Corrente continua – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Corrente continua" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%81%EB%A5%98" title="직류 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="직류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%84" title="Հաստատուն հոսանք – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հաստատուն հոսանք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="दिष्ट धारा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दिष्ट धारा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istosmjerna_struja" title="Istosmjerna struja – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istosmjerna struja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_searah" title="Arus searah – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Arus searah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_searah" title="Arus searah – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arus searah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jafnstraumur" title="Jafnstraumur – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jafnstraumur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrente_continua" title="Corrente continua – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corrente continua" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8" title="זרם ישר – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זרם ישר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მუდმივი დენი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუდმივი დენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%9B%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Тұрақты ток – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тұрақты ток" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kouran_dir%C3%A8k_(DC)" title="Kouran dirèk (DC) – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kouran dirèk (DC)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Туруктуу ток – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Туруктуу ток" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%ABdzstr%C4%81va" title="Līdzstrāva – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Līdzstrāva" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuolatin%C4%97_elektros_srov%C4%97" title="Nuolatinė elektros srovė – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nuolatinė elektros srovė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelieksjtroum" title="Gelieksjtroum – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gelieksjtroum" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrent_continua" title="Corrent continua – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Corrent continua" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyen%C3%A1ram" title="Egyenáram – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Egyenáram" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Еднонасочна струја – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Еднонасочна струја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="നേർധാരാ വൈദ്യുതി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നേർധാരാ വൈദ്യുതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_terus" title="Arus terus – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arus terus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Тогтмол гүйдэл – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тогтмол гүйдэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="တည်ငြိမ်လျှပ်စစ် – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တည်ငြိမ်လျှပ်စစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelijkstroom" title="Gelijkstroom – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gelijkstroom" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="डिसी करेन्ट – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="डिसी करेन्ट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81" title="直流 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="直流" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likstruum" title="Likstruum – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Likstruum" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likestr%C3%B8m" title="Likestrøm – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Likestrøm" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likestraum" title="Likestraum – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Likestraum" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrent_contin%C3%BA" title="Corrent continú – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Corrent continú" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBzgarmas_tok" title="Oʻzgarmas tok – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oʻzgarmas tok" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਬਿਜਲੀ ਦੀ ਸਿੱਧੀ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਹਿਤ ਧਾਰਾ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਜਲੀ ਦੀ ਸਿੱਧੀ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਹਿਤ ਧਾਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%B9" title="ڈریکٹ کرنٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈریکٹ کرنٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C4%85d_sta%C5%82y" title="Prąd stały – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prąd stały" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrente_cont%C3%ADnua" title="Corrente contínua – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Corrente contínua" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curent_continuu" title="Curent continuu – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Curent continuu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Постоянный ток – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Постоянный ток" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glieksponnenge" title="Glieksponnenge – saterfrisiska" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Glieksponnenge" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rryma_e_vazhdueshme" title="Rryma e vazhdueshme – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rryma e vazhdueshme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Direct current" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednosmern%C3%BD_pr%C3%BAd" title="Jednosmerný prúd – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jednosmerný prúd" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enosmerni_elektri%C4%8Dni_tok" title="Enosmerni električni tok – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Enosmerni električni tok" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%95%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%95" title="تەزووی نەگۆڕ – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەزووی نەگۆڕ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Једносмерна струја – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Једносмерна струја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednosmjerna_struja" title="Jednosmjerna struja – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jednosmjerna struja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arus_listrik_saarah" title="Arus listrik saarah – sundanesiska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Arus listrik saarah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasavirta" title="Tasavirta – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tasavirta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Direct current" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நேர் மின்னோட்டம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நேர் மின்னோட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8F%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%96_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%82" title="ఏకముఖ విద్యుత్ ప్రవాహం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఏకముఖ విద్యుత్ ప్రవాహం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87" title="ไฟฟ้ากระแสตรง – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไฟฟ้ากระแสตรง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C4%9Fru_ak%C4%B1m" title="Doğru akım – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Doğru akım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Постійний струм – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Постійний струм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D9%88" title="راست رو – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="راست رو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_m%E1%BB%99t_chi%E1%BB%81u" title="Điện một chiều – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện một chiều" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Direct current" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawaan_gu_w%C3%A9y" title="Dawaan gu wéy – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Dawaan gu wéy" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E7%94%B5" title="直流电 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="直流电" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%9B%BB" title="乾電 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="乾電" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="直流電" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q159241#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r51224235">.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border-collapse:collapse;background:#fbfbfb;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox th.ambox-text,.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-text{padding:.25em .5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-image{padding:2px 0 2px .5em;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-imageright{padding:2px 4px 2px 0;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete,.mw-parser-output table.ambox-serious{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-merge{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox{border-top-width:0}.mw-parser-output .messagebox{border:1px solid #aaaaaa;background-color:#f8f9fa;width:80%;margin:0 auto 1em auto;padding:.2em}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.merge{border:1px solid #c0b8cc;background-color:#f0e5ff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.cleanup{border:1px solid #9f9fff;background-color:#efefff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.nested-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;width:100%;margin:2px 4px}</style><table class="metadata ambox ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/40px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/80px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Den här artikeln <b>behöver <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:K%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Källhänvisningar">källhänvisningar</a> för att kunna <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet">verifieras</a>.</b> <small>(2019-11)</small> <br /><small>Åtgärda genom att lägga till pålitliga källor (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion_till_k%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Introduktion till källhänvisningar">gärna som fotnoter</a>). Uppgifter utan källhänvisning kan <a href="/wiki/Mall:K%C3%A4lla_beh%C3%B6vs" title="Mall:Källa behövs">ifrågasättas</a> och tas bort utan att det behöver diskuteras på <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Likstr%C3%B6m" title="Diskussion:Likström">diskussionssidan</a>.</small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Direct_current_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Direct_current_symbol.svg/250px-Direct_current_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Direct_current_symbol.svg/375px-Direct_current_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Direct_current_symbol.svg/500px-Direct_current_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="100" /></a><figcaption>Symbol för likström</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Current_rectification_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Current_rectification_diagram.svg/250px-Current_rectification_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Current_rectification_diagram.svg/375px-Current_rectification_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Current_rectification_diagram.svg/500px-Current_rectification_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="631" /></a><figcaption>Typer av likström. Uppifrån och ner: Ström från batteri, halvvågslikriktad sinussignal och helvågslikriktad sinussignal.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Likström</b>, <i>DC</i> (eng. <i>direct current</i>), är <a href="/wiki/Elektrisk_str%C3%B6m" title="Elektrisk ström">elektrisk ström</a> som alltid har samma riktning till skillnad från <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xelstr%C3%B6m" title="Växelström">växelström</a> där strömmen byter riktning. <i>Galvanisk ström</i> är en äldre benämning på likström som i viss mån fortfarande används. </p><p>Ofta används symbolen '=' för likström till skillnad från växelströmmens '~'. Elektroniska kretsar behöver vanligen likström då <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistorer</a> och andra <a href="/wiki/Halvledare" title="Halvledare">halvledare</a> bara leder ström i en riktning. </p><p>Den nationella eldistributionen sköts i form av växelström fram till vägguttagen och växelströmmen måste därför omvandlas till likström innan den kopplas till likströmsberoende apparatur. Omvandlingen kan ske innanför apparaten eller i ett yttre nätaggregat. </p><p>En ideal likström har konstant styrka, men det är i praktiken omöjligt att uppnå. Batterier ger den mest stabila likströmmen men spänningen sjunker efter en viss tids användning och är beroende av den momentana belastningen. Apparater som omvandlar växelström till likström ger ofta en pulserande likström. Vid helvågslikriktning av en sinusformad våg är utgångssignalen formad som <a href="/wiki/Sinus" title="Sinus">sinusfunktionens</a> <a href="/wiki/Absolutbelopp" title="Absolutbelopp">absolutbelopp</a>. Lite bättre nätaggregat ger en stabilare spänning med hjälp av diodbryggor och <a href="/wiki/Kondensator" title="Kondensator">kondensatorer</a>, men uppnår ändå inte perfekt likström. </p><p>Ett sätt att uppnå i det närmaste perfekt likström utan <a href="/wiki/Rippel" title="Rippel">rippel</a> är att använda sig av <a href="/wiki/Switchteknik" title="Switchteknik">switchade nätaggregat</a>. Noga konstruerade <a href="/wiki/Linj%C3%A4r" class="mw-redirect" title="Linjär">linjära</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A4nningsregulator" class="mw-redirect" title="Spänningsregulator">regulatorkretsar</a> kan också generera nästan perfekt likspänning fast då till priset av att de oftast blir varma och därmed har förluster. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Likriktning,_effektivvärde_och_medelvärdesström"><span id="Likriktning.2C_effektivv.C3.A4rde_och_medelv.C3.A4rdesstr.C3.B6m"></span>Likriktning, effektivvärde och medelvärdesström</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Likriktning, effektivvärde och medelvärdesström" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Likriktning, effektivvärde och medelvärdesström"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xelstr%C3%B6m" title="Växelström">Växelström</a> mäts oftast som <a href="/wiki/Helv%C3%A5gslikriktning" class="mw-redirect" title="Helvågslikriktning">helvågslikriktat</a> <a href="/wiki/Medelv%C3%A4rde" title="Medelvärde">medelvärde</a>. Mer påkostade instrument kan dock mäta vågens <a href="/wiki/Effektivv%C3%A4rde" title="Effektivvärde">effektivvärde</a>. Detta för att vad som oftast är mest intressant är den värmeeffekt signalen kan ge upphov till. Effektivvärdesmätningar är dock relativt svåra att göra, speciellt för höga <a href="/wiki/Frekvens" title="Frekvens">frekvenser</a>, varför det är vanligt med likriktat medelvärde (DC), vilket dock innebär att mätdonet bara visar rätt för ren <a href="/wiki/Sinusv%C3%A5g" title="Sinusvåg">sinusvåg</a>. </p><p>Vid likström mäts oftast tidsmedelvärdet, DC, av strömmen <i>f</i>(<i>t</i>): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle DC={\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}f(t)\,dt.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>D</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle DC={\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}f(t)\,dt.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5c12f139ae42219a655a3a363e572fc9816d67fa" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:20.906ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle DC={\frac {1}{T}}\int _{0}^{T}f(t)\,dt.}"></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exempel">Exempel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Exempel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Exempel"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I specialfallet att <i>f</i>(<i>t</i>) är 1 under halva perioden och noll resten av perioden ger ovanstående <a href="/wiki/Integral" title="Integral">integraluttryck</a> att DC = 1/2 dvs 50% av <a href="/wiki/Amplitud" title="Amplitud">amplituden</a> (A). </p><p>Eftersom medelvärdet av en sinusformad ström är noll så är DC = 0. Vid till exempel <a href="/wiki/Halvv%C3%A5gslikriktare" class="mw-redirect" title="Halvvågslikriktare">halvvågslikriktning</a>, blir värdet för strömmen under en period: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(t)={\begin{cases}A\sin(2\pi {\frac {t}{T}})&t<{\frac {T}{2}}\\0&t\geq {\frac {T}{2}}\end{cases}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>{</mo> <mtable columnalign="left left" rowspacing=".2em" columnspacing="1em" displaystyle="false"> <mtr> <mtd> <mi>A</mi> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>t</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mtd> <mtd> <mi>t</mi> <mo><</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>T</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mi>t</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>T</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true"></mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(t)={\begin{cases}A\sin(2\pi {\frac {t}{T}})&t<{\frac {T}{2}}\\0&t\geq {\frac {T}{2}}\end{cases}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/44c74838955f5a02ed256532f3c306986266f069" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.171ex; width:29.187ex; height:7.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(t)={\begin{cases}A\sin(2\pi {\frac {t}{T}})&t<{\frac {T}{2}}\\0&t\geq {\frac {T}{2}}\end{cases}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Den <a href="/wiki/Primitiv_funktion" title="Primitiv funktion">primitiva funktionen</a> av sin(<i>x</i>) är -cos(<i>x</i>). Integration av <i>f</i>(<i>t</i>) ger </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle DC={\frac {1}{\pi }}A}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>D</mi> <mi>C</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mi>A</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle DC={\frac {1}{\pi }}A}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6347e2ee43036dd4c8060f7c0628c1c76e733fb7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:10.7ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle DC={\frac {1}{\pi }}A}"></span></dd></dl> <p>som är medelvärdet av en halvvågslikriktad sinussignal före <a href="/wiki/Likriktning#Glättning" title="Likriktning">glättning</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trefassystem" title="Trefassystem">Trefassystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tv%C3%A5fassystem" title="Tvåfassystem">Tvåfassystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfassystem" title="Enfassystem">Enfassystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xelstr%C3%B6m" title="Växelström">Växelström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xelsp%C3%A4nning" title="Växelspänning">Växelspänning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aktiv_effekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktiv effekt">Aktiv effekt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaktiv_effekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Reaktiv effekt">Reaktiv effekt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skenbar_effekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Skenbar effekt">Skenbar effekt</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Direct_current" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Direct current">Likström</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Direct_current" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Direct current">Bilder & media</a></div></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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