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efficiency</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: energetic efficiency"> <meta name="keywords" content="energetic efficiency"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="energetic efficiency"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6744</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: energetic efficiency</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6744</span> Comprehensive Assessment of Energy Efficiency within the Production Process </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kreitlein">S. Kreitlein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Eder"> N. Eder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Franke"> J. Franke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The importance of energy efficiency within the production process increases steadily. Unfortunately, so far no tools for a comprehensive assessment of energy efficiency within the production process exist. Therefore the Institute for Factory Automation and Production Systems of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg has developed two methods with the goal of achieving transparency and a quantitative assessment of energy efficiency: EEV (Energy Efficiency Value) and EPE (Energetic Process Efficiency). This paper describes the basics and state of the art as well as the developed approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency%20value" title=" energy efficiency value"> energy efficiency value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20process%20efficiency" title=" energetic process efficiency"> energetic process efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production" title=" production"> production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23200/comprehensive-assessment-of-energy-efficiency-within-the-production-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">733</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6743</span> The Effects of Plantation Size and Internal Transport on Energy Efficiency of Biofuel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Orynycz">Olga Orynycz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Wasiak"> Andrzej Wasiak </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical model describing energetic efficiency (defined as a ratio of energy obtained in the form of biofuel to the sum of energy inputs necessary to facilitate production) of agricultural subsystem as a function of technological parameters was developed. Production technology is characterized by parameters of machinery, topological characteristics of the plantation as well as transportation routes inside and outside of plantation. The relationship between the energetic efficiency of agricultural and industrial subsystems is also derived. Due to the assumed large area of the individual field, the operations last for several days increasing inter-fields routes because of several returns. The total distance driven outside of the fields is, however, small as compared to the distance driven inside of the fields. This results in small energy consumption during inter-fields transport that, however, causes a substantial decrease of the energetic effectiveness of the whole system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel" title="biofuel">biofuel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20efficiency" title=" energetic efficiency"> energetic efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EROEI" title=" EROEI"> EROEI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modelling" title=" mathematical modelling"> mathematical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20system" title=" production system"> production system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67289/the-effects-of-plantation-size-and-internal-transport-on-energy-efficiency-of-biofuel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6742</span> Checking Energy Efficiency by Simulation Tools: The Case of Algerian Ksourian Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Rahmani">Khadidja Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahla%20Bouaziz"> Nahla Bouaziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Algeria is known for its rich heritage. It owns an immense historical heritage with a universal reputation. Unfortunately, this wealth is withered because of abundance. This research focuses on the Ksourian model, which constitutes a large portion of this wealth. In fact, the Ksourian model is not just a witness to a great part of history or a vernacular culture, but also it includes a panoply of assets in terms of energetic efficiency. In this context, the purpose of our work is to evaluate the performance of the old techniques which are derived from the Ksourian model , and that using the simulation tools. The proposed method is decomposed in two steps; the first consists of isolate and reintroduce each device into a basic model, then run a simulation series on acquired models. And this in order to test the contribution of each of these dialectal processes. In another scale of development, the second step consists of aggregating all these processes in an aboriginal model, then we restart the simulation, to see what it will give this mosaic on the environmental and energetic plan .The model chosen for this study is one of the ksar units of Knadsa city of Bechar (Algeria). This study does not only show the ingenuity of our ancestors in their know-how, and their adapting power to the aridity of the climate, but also proves that their conceptions subscribe in the current concerns of energy efficiency, and respond to the requirements of sustainable development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialectal%20processes" title="dialectal processes">dialectal processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ksourian%20model" title=" Ksourian model"> Ksourian model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20tools" title=" simulation tools"> simulation tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88364/checking-energy-efficiency-by-simulation-tools-the-case-of-algerian-ksourian-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6741</span> Comparative Study on Productivity, Chemical Composition and Yield Quality of Some Alternative Crops in Romanian Organic Farming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Toader">Maria Toader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gheorghe%20Valentin%20Roman"> Gheorghe Valentin Roman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Maria%20Ionescu"> Alina Maria Ionescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crops diversity and maintaining and enhancing the fertility of agricultural lands are basic principles of organic farming. With a wider range of crops in agroecosystem can improve the ability to control weeds, pests and diseases, and the performance of crops rotation and food safety. In this sense, the main objective of the research was to study the productivity and chemical composition of some alternative crops and their adaptability to soil and climatic conditions of the agricultural area in Southern Romania and to cultivation in the organic farming system. The alternative crops were: lentil (7 genotypes); five species of grain legumes (5 genotypes); four species of oil crops (5 genotypes). The seed production was, on average: 1343 kg/ha of lentil; 2500 kg/ha of field beans; 2400 kg/ha of chick peas and blackeyed peas; more than 2000 kg/ha of atzuki beans, over 1250 kg/ha of fenugreek; 2200 kg/ha of safflower; 570 kg/ha of oil pumpkin; 2150 kg/ha of oil flax; 1518 kg/ha of camelina. Regarding chemical composition, lentil seeds contained: 22.18% proteins, 3.03% lipids, 33.29% glucides, 4.00% minerals, and 259.97 kcal energy values. For field beans: 21.50% proteins, 4.40% lipids, 63.90% glucides, 5.85% minerals, 395.36 kcal energetic value. For chick peas: 21.23% proteins, 4.55% lipids, 53.00% glucides, 3.67% minerals, 348.22 kcal energetic value. For blackeyed peas: 23.30% proteins, 2.10% lipids, 68.10% glucides, 3.93% minerals, 350.14 kcal energetic value. For adzuki beans: 21.90% proteins, 2.60% lipids, 69.30% glucides, 4.10% minerals, 402.48 kcal energetic value. For fenugreek: 21.30% proteins, 4.65% lipids, 63.83% glucides, 5.69% minerals, 396.54 kcal energetic value. For safflower: 12.60% proteins, 28.37% lipids, 46.41% glucides, 3.60% minerals, 505.78 kcal energetic value. For camelina: 20.29% proteins, 31.68% lipids, 36.28% glucides, 4.29% minerals, 526.63 kcal energetic value. For oil pumpkin: 29.50% proteins, 36.92% lipids, 18.50% glucides, 5.41% minerals, 540.15 kcal energetic value. For oil flax: 22.56% proteins, 34.10% lipids, 27.73% glucides, 5.25% minerals, 558.45 kcal energetic value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptability" title="adaptability">adaptability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20crops" title=" alternative crops"> alternative crops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20composition" title=" chemical composition"> chemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20farming%20productivity" title=" organic farming productivity"> organic farming productivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28059/comparative-study-on-productivity-chemical-composition-and-yield-quality-of-some-alternative-crops-in-romanian-organic-farming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6740</span> Slow Pyrolysis of Bio-Wastes: Environmental, Exergetic, and Energetic (3E) Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniela%20Zalazar-Garcia">Daniela Zalazar-Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erick%20Torres"> Erick Torres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=German%20Mazza"> German Mazza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Slow pyrolysis of a pellet of pistachio waste was studied using a lab-scale stainless-steel reactor. Experiments were conducted at different heating rates (5, 10, and 15 K/min). A 3-E (environmental, exergetic, and energetic) analysis for the processing of 20 kg/h of bio-waste was carried out. Experimental results showed that biochar and gas yields decreased with an increase in the heating rate (43 to 36 % and 28 to 24 %, respectively), while the bio-oil yield increased (29 to 40 %). Finally, from the 3-E analysis and the experimental results, it can be suggested that an increase in the heating rate resulted in a higher pyrolysis exergetic efficiency (70 %) due to an increase of the bio-oil yield with high-energy content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3E%20assessment" title="3E assessment">3E assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-waste%20pellet" title=" bio-waste pellet"> bio-waste pellet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment" title=" life cycle assessment"> life cycle assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow%20pyrolysis" title=" slow pyrolysis"> slow pyrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139075/slow-pyrolysis-of-bio-wastes-environmental-exergetic-and-energetic-3e-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6739</span> Methodology for the Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Pneumatics Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Lupaca">Mario Lupaca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karol%20Munoz"> Karol Munoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20De%20Negri"> Victor De Negri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present article presents a methodology for the improvement of the energy efficiency in pneumatic systems through the restoring of air. In this way, three techniques of expansion of a cylinder are identified: Expansion using the air of the compressor (conventional), restoring the air (efficient), and combining the air of the compressor and the restored air (hybrid). The methodology starts with the development of the GRAFCET of the system so that it can be decided whether to expand the cylinder in a conventional, efficient, or hybrid way. The methodology can be applied to any case. Finally, graphs of comparison between the three methods of expansion with certain cylinder strokes and workloads are presented, to facilitate the subsequent selection of one system or another. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic" title="energetic">energetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GRAFCET" title=" GRAFCET"> GRAFCET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodology" title=" methodology"> methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumatic" title=" pneumatic "> pneumatic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88840/methodology-for-the-analysis-of-energy-efficiency-in-pneumatics-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6738</span> Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Solar Energy Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakariyya%20Hassan%20Abdullahi">Zakariyya Hassan Abdullahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20Suleiman%20Abdullahi"> Zainab Suleiman Abdullahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuhu%20Alhaji%20Muhammad"> Nuhu Alhaji Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a thorough review of photovoltaic and photovoltaic thermal systems is done on the basis of its performance based on electrical as well as thermal output. Photovoltaic systems are classified according to their use, i.e., electricity production, and thermal, Photovoltaic systems behave in an extraordinary and useful way, they react to light by transforming part of it into electricity useful way and unique, since photovoltaic and thermal applications along with the electricity production. The application of various photovoltaic systems is also discussed in detail. The performance analysis including all aspects, e.g., electrical, thermal, energy, and energy efficiency are also discussed. A case study for PV and PV/T system based on energetic analysis is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title="photovoltaic">photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable" title=" renewable"> renewable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47848/performance-analysis-of-photovoltaic-solar-energy-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6737</span> Analyzing and Predicting the CL-20 Detonation Reaction Mechanism Based on Artificial Intelligence Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaining%20Zhang">Kaining Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lang%20Chen"> Lang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danyang%20Liu"> Danyang Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianying%20Lu"> Jianying Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kun%20Yang"> Kun Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junying%20Wu"> Junying Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to solve the problem of a large amount of simulation and limited simulation scale in the first-principle molecular dynamics simulation of energetic material detonation reaction, we established an artificial intelligence model for analyzing and predicting the detonation reaction mechanism of CL-20 based on the first-principle molecular dynamics simulation of the multiscale shock technique (MSST). We employed principal component analysis to identify the dominant charge features governing molecular reactions. We adopted the K-means clustering algorithm to cluster the reaction paths and screen out the key reactions. We introduced the neural network algorithm to construct the mapping relationship between the charge characteristics of the molecular structure and the key reaction characteristics so as to establish a calculation method for predicting detonation reactions based on the charge characteristics of CL-20 and realize the rapid analysis of the reaction mechanism of energetic materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20material%20detonation%20reaction" title="energetic material detonation reaction">energetic material detonation reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first-principle%20molecular%20dynamics%20simulation%20of%20multiscale%20shock%20technique" title=" first-principle molecular dynamics simulation of multiscale shock technique"> first-principle molecular dynamics simulation of multiscale shock technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CL-20" title=" CL-20"> CL-20</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168381/analyzing-and-predicting-the-cl-20-detonation-reaction-mechanism-based-on-artificial-intelligence-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6736</span> Long-Term Economic-Ecological Assessment of Optimal Local Heat-Generating Technologies for the German Unrefurbished Residential Building Stock on the Quarter Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Spielmann">M. A. Spielmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Schebek"> L. Schebek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to reach the long-term national climate goals of the German government for the building sector, substantial energetic measures have to be executed. Historically, those measures were primarily energetic efficiency measures at the buildings’ shells. Advanced technologies for the on-site generation of heat (or other types of energy) often are not feasible at this small spatial scale of a single building. Therefore, the present approach uses the spatially larger dimension of a quarter. The main focus of the present paper is the long-term economic-ecological assessment of available decentralized heat-generating (CHP power plants and electrical heat pumps) technologies at the quarter level for the German unrefurbished residential buildings. Three distinct terms have to be described methodologically: i) Quarter approach, ii) Economic assessment, iii) Ecological assessment. The quarter approach is used to enable synergies and scaling effects over a single-building. For the present study, generic quarters that are differentiated according to significant parameters concerning their heat demand are used. The core differentiation of those quarters is made by the construction time period of the buildings. The economic assessment as the second crucial parameter is executed with the following structure: Full costs are quantized for each technology combination and quarter. The investment costs are analyzed on an annual basis and are modeled with the acquisition of debt. Annuity loans are assumed. Consequently, for each generic quarter, an optimal technology combination for decentralized heat generation is provided in each year of the temporal boundaries (2016-2050). The ecological assessment elaborates for each technology combination and each quarter a Life Cycle assessment. The measured impact category hereby is GWP 100. The technology combinations for heat production can be therefore compared against each other concerning their long-term climatic impacts. Core results of the approach can be differentiated to an economic and ecological dimension. With an annual resolution, the investment and running costs of different energetic technology combinations are quantified. For each quarter an optimal technology combination for local heat supply and/or energetic refurbishment of the buildings within the quarter is provided. Coherently to the economic assessment, the climatic impacts of the technology combinations are quantized and compared against each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20sector" title="building sector">building sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic-ecological%20assessment" title=" economic-ecological assessment"> economic-ecological assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat" title=" heat"> heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCA" title=" LCA"> LCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quarter%20level" title=" quarter level"> quarter level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55880/long-term-economic-ecological-assessment-of-optimal-local-heat-generating-technologies-for-the-german-unrefurbished-residential-building-stock-on-the-quarter-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55880.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6735</span> Peril´s Environment of Energetic Infrastructure Complex System, Modelling by the Crisis Situation Algorithms </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20F.%20Urb%C3%A1nek">Jiří F. Urbánek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alena%20Oulehlov%C3%A1"> Alena Oulehlová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Malachov%C3%A1"> Hana Malachová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20J.%20Urb%C3%A1nek%20Jr."> Jiří J. Urbánek Jr.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crisis situations investigation and modelling are introduced and made within the complex system of energetic critical infrastructure, operating on peril´s environments. Every crisis situations and perils has an origin in the emergency/ crisis event occurrence and they need critical/ crisis interfaces assessment. Here, the emergency events can be expected - then crisis scenarios can be pre-prepared by pertinent organizational crisis management authorities towards their coping; or it may be unexpected - without pre-prepared scenario of event. But the both need operational coping by means of crisis management as well. The operation, forms, characteristics, behaviour and utilization of crisis management have various qualities, depending on real critical infrastructure organization perils, and prevention training processes. An aim is always - better security and continuity of the organization, which successful obtainment needs to find and investigate critical/ crisis zones and functions in critical infrastructure organization models, operating in pertinent perils environment. Our DYVELOP (Dynamic Vector Logistics of Processes) method is disposables for it. Here, it is necessary to derive and create identification algorithm of critical/ crisis interfaces. The locations of critical/ crisis interfaces are the flags of crisis situation in organization of critical infrastructure models. Then, the model of crisis situation will be displayed at real organization of Czech energetic crisis infrastructure subject in real peril environment. These efficient measures are necessary for the infrastructure protection. They will be derived for peril mitigation, crisis situation coping and for environmentally friendly organization survival, continuity and its sustainable development advanced possibilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithms" title="algorithms">algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20infrastructure%20complex%20system" title=" energetic infrastructure complex system"> energetic infrastructure complex system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peril%C2%B4s%20environment" title=" peril´s environment"> peril´s environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39510/perils-environment-of-energetic-infrastructure-complex-system-modelling-by-the-crisis-situation-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6734</span> Production of Energetic Nanomaterials by Spray Flash Evaporation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Klaum%C3%BCnzer">Martin Klaumünzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakob%20H%C3%BCbner"> Jakob Hübner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Spitzer"> Denis Spitzer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Within this paper, latest results on processing of energetic nanomaterials by means of the Spray Flash Evaporation technique are presented. This technology constitutes a highly effective and continuous way to prepare fascinating materials on the nano- and micro-scale. Within the process, a solution is set under high pressure and sprayed into an evacuated atomization chamber. Subsequent ultrafast evaporation of the solvent leads to an aerosol stream, which is separated by cyclones or filters. No drying gas is required, so the present technique should not be confused with spray dying. Resulting nanothermites, insensitive explosives or propellants and compositions are foreseen to replace toxic (according to REACH) and very sensitive matter in military and civil applications. Diverse examples are given in detail: nano-RDX (n-Cyclotrimethylentrinitramin) and nano-aluminum based systems, mixtures (n-RDX/n-TNT - trinitrotoluene) or even cocrystalline matter like n-CL-20/HMX (Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/ Cyclotetra-methylentetranitramin). These nanomaterials show reduced sensitivity by trend without losing effectiveness and performance. An analytical study for material characterization was performed by using Atomic Force Microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and combined techniques as well as spectroscopic methods. As a matter of course, sensitivity tests regarding electrostatic discharge, impact, and friction are provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20synthesis" title="continuous synthesis">continuous synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20material" title=" energetic material"> energetic material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoscale" title=" nanoscale"> nanoscale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoexplosive" title=" nanoexplosive"> nanoexplosive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanothermite" title=" nanothermite"> nanothermite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53394/production-of-energetic-nanomaterials-by-spray-flash-evaporation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6733</span> Energetic and Exergetic Evaluation of Box-Type Solar Cookers Using Different Insulation Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Areamu">A. K. Areamu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Igbeka"> J. C. Igbeka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performance of box-type solar cookers has been reported by several researchers but little attention was paid to the effect of the type of insulation material on the energy and exergy efficiency of these cookers. This research aimed at evaluating the energy and exergy efficiencies of the box-type cookers containing different insulation materials. Energy and exergy efficiencies of five box-type solar cookers insulated with maize cob, air (control), maize husk, coconut coir and polyurethane foam respectively were obtained over a period of three years. The cookers were evaluated using water heating test procedures in determining the energy and exergy analysis. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA. The result shows that the average energy input for the five solar cookers were: 245.5, 252.2, 248.7, 241.5 and 245.5J respectively while their respective average energy losses were: 201.2, 212.7, 208.4, 189.1 and 199.8J. The average exergy input for five cookers were: 228.2, 234.4, 231.1, 224.4 and 228.2J respectively while their respective average exergy losses were: 223.4, 230.6, 226.9, 218.9 and 223.0J. The energy and exergy efficiency was highest in the cooker with coconut coir (37.35 and 3.90% respectively) in the first year but was lowest for air (11 and 1.07% respectively) in the third year. Statistical analysis showed significant difference between the energy and exergy efficiencies over the years. These results reiterate the importance of a good insulating material for a box-type solar cooker. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy" title=" exergy"> exergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating%20insolation" title=" heating insolation "> heating insolation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24002/energetic-and-exergetic-evaluation-of-box-type-solar-cookers-using-different-insulation-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24002.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6732</span> Effect of Pre-Plasma Potential on Laser Ion Acceleration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djemai%20Bara">Djemai Bara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Faouzi%20Mahboub"> Mohamed Faouzi Mahboub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djamila%20Bennaceur-Doumaz"> Djamila Bennaceur-Doumaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the role of the preformed plasma created on the front face of a target, irradiated by a high intensity short pulse laser, in the framework of ion acceleration process, modeled by Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) mechanism, is studied. This plasma is composed of cold ions governed by fluid equations and non-thermal & trapped with densities represented by a "Cairns-Gurevich" equation. The self-similar solution of the equations shows that electronic trapping and the presence of non-thermal electrons in the pre-plasma are both responsible in ion acceleration as long as the proportion of energetic electrons is not too high. In the case where the majority of electrons are energetic, the electrons are accelerated directly by the ponderomotive force of the laser without the intermediate of an accelerating plasma wave. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cairns-Gurevich%20Equation" title="Cairns-Gurevich Equation">Cairns-Gurevich Equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20acceleration" title=" ion acceleration"> ion acceleration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20expansion" title=" plasma expansion"> plasma expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-plasma" title=" pre-plasma"> pre-plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105424/effect-of-pre-plasma-potential-on-laser-ion-acceleration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6731</span> Exergetic and Life Cycle Assessment Analyses of Integrated Biowaste Gasification-Combustion System: A Study Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anabel%20Fernandez">Anabel Fernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20Rodriguez-Ortiz"> Leandro Rodriguez-Ortiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosa%20Rodr%C3%ADGuez"> Rosa RodríGuez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the negative impact of fossil fuels, renewable energies are promising sources to limit global temperature rise and damage to the environment. Also, the development of technology is focused on obtaining energetic products from renewable sources. In this study, a thermodynamic model including Exergy balance and a subsequent Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) were carried out for four subsystems of the integrated gasification-combustion of pinewood. Results of exergy analysis and LCA showed the process feasibility in terms of exergy efficiency and global energy efficiency of the life cycle (GEELC). Moreover, the energy return on investment (EROI) index was calculated. The global exergy efficiency resulted in 67 %. For pretreatment, reaction, cleaning, and electric generation subsystems, the results were 85, 59, 87, and 29 %, respectively. Results of LCA indicated that the emissions from the electric generation caused the most damage to the atmosphere, water, and soil. GEELC resulted in 31.09 % for the global process. This result suggested the environmental feasibility of an integrated gasification-combustion system. EROI resulted in 3.15, which determinates the sustainability of the process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy%20analysis" title="exergy analysis">exergy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment%20%28LCA%29" title=" life cycle assessment (LCA)"> life cycle assessment (LCA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewability" title=" renewability"> renewability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139076/exergetic-and-life-cycle-assessment-analyses-of-integrated-biowaste-gasification-combustion-system-a-study-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6730</span> Investigation of Polar Atmospheric Response to the Intense Geo-Space Activities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayanta%20K.%20Behera">Jayanta K. Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwini%20K.%20Sinha"> Ashwini K. Sinha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study has pointed out the relationship of energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during high speed solar wind streams (HSS) to the ionization characteristics and subsequent NOx production in the polar atmosphere. Over the last few decades, it has been shown that production of NOx in the mesosphere region during the precipitation of charged particles (with energy range >30 KeV to 1 MeV) is directly related to the ozone loss in the polar middle atmosphere, extending from mesosphere to upper stratosphere. This study has dealt with the analysis of the interplanetary parameters such as interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), solar wind velocity (Vs), charged particle density (Ns), convection field enhancement (Ec) during such HSS events and their link to the rate of production of NOx in the mesosphere. Moreover, the analysis will be used to validate or, to modify the current ion-chemistry models which describe the ionization rate and NOx production in the polar atmosphere due to EPP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20particle%20precipitation%20%28EPP%29" title="energetic particle precipitation (EPP)">energetic particle precipitation (EPP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NOx" title=" NOx"> NOx</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozone%20depletion" title=" ozone depletion"> ozone depletion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polar%20vortex" title=" polar vortex "> polar vortex </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23965/investigation-of-polar-atmospheric-response-to-the-intense-geo-space-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6729</span> Energy Intensity of a Historical Downtown: Estimating the Energy Demand of a Budapest District</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikt%C3%B3ria%20Sug%C3%A1r">Viktória Sugár</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attila%20Talamon"> Attila Talamon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Horkai"> András Horkai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michihiro%20Kita"> Michihiro Kita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dense urban fabric of the 7<sup>th</sup> district of Budapest -known as the former Jewish Quarter-, contains mainly historical style, multi-story tenement houses with courtyards. The high population density and the unsatisfactory energetic state of the buildings result high energy consumption. As a preliminary survey of a complex rehabilitation plan, the authors aim to determine the energy demand of the area. The energy demand was calculated by analyzing the structure and the energy consumption of each building by using Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. The carbon dioxide emission was also calculated, to assess the potential of reducing the present state value by complex structural and energetic rehabilitation. As a main focus of the survey, an energy intensity map has been created about the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82" title="CO₂">CO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20intensity%20map" title=" energy intensity map"> energy intensity map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system%20%28GIS%29" title=" geographic information system (GIS)"> geographic information system (GIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungary" title=" Hungary"> Hungary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jewish%20quarter" title=" Jewish quarter"> Jewish quarter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63316/energy-intensity-of-a-historical-downtown-estimating-the-energy-demand-of-a-budapest-district" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6728</span> An Output Oriented Super-Efficiency Model for Considering Time Lag Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanshuang%20Zhang">Yanshuang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungho%20Jeong"> Byungho Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There exists some time lag between the consumption of inputs and the production of outputs. This time lag effect should be considered in calculating efficiency of decision making units (DMU). Recently, a couple of DEA models were developed for considering time lag effect in efficiency evaluation of research activities. However, these models can’t discriminate efficient DMUs because of the nature of basic DEA model in which efficiency scores are limited to ‘1’. This problem can be resolved a super-efficiency model. However, a super efficiency model sometimes causes infeasibility problem. This paper suggests an output oriented super-efficiency model for efficiency evaluation under the consideration of time lag effect. A case example using a long term research project is given to compare the suggested model with the MpO model <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Super-efficiency" title=" Super-efficiency"> Super-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Time%20Lag" title=" Time Lag"> Time Lag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20activities" title=" research activities"> research activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21208/an-output-oriented-super-efficiency-model-for-considering-time-lag-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6727</span> Power Efficiency Characteristics of Magnetohydrodynamic Thermodynamic Gas Cycle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Huleihil">Mahmoud Huleihil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the performance of a thermodynamic gas cycle of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generation is considered and presented in terms of power efficiency curves. The dissipation mechanisms considered include: fluid friction modeled by means of the isentropic efficiency of the compressor, heat transfer leakage directly from the hot reservoir to the cold heat reservoir, and constant velocity of the MHD generator. The study demonstrates that power and efficiency vanish at the extremes of both slow and fast operating conditions. These points are demonstrated on power efficiency curves and the locus of efficiency at maximum power and the locus of maximum efficiency. Qualitatively, the considered loss mechanisms have a similar effect on the efficiency at maximum power operation and on maximum efficiency operation, thus these efficiencies are reduced, even for small values of the loss mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetohydrodynamic%20generator" title="magnetohydrodynamic generator">magnetohydrodynamic generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20efficiency" title=" electrical efficiency"> electrical efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power" title=" maximum power"> maximum power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20efficiency" title=" maximum efficiency"> maximum efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20engine" title=" heat engine"> heat engine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103498/power-efficiency-characteristics-of-magnetohydrodynamic-thermodynamic-gas-cycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6726</span> Energy Communities from Municipality Level to Province Level: A Comparison Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amro%20Issam%20Hamed%20Attia%20Ramadan">Amro Issam Hamed Attia Ramadan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Zappatore"> Marco Zappatore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pasquale%20Balena"> Pasquale Balena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonella%20Longo"> Antonella Longo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the energetic crisis that is hitting Europe, it becomes more and more necessary to change the energy policies to depend less on fossil fuels and replace them with energy from renewable sources. This has triggered the urge to use clean energy not only to satisfy energy needs and fulfill the required consumption but also to decrease the danger of climatic changes due to harmful emissions. Many countries have already started creating energetic communities based on renewable energy sources. The first step to understanding energy needs in any place is to perfectly know the consumption. In this work, we aim to estimate electricity consumption for a municipality that makes up part of a rural area located in southern Italy using forecast models that allow for the estimation of electricity consumption for the next ten years, and we then apply the same model to the province where the municipality is located and estimate the future consumption for the same period to examine whether it is possible to start from the municipality level to reach the province level when creating energy communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARIMA" title="ARIMA">ARIMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20consumption" title=" electricity consumption"> electricity consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting%20models" title=" forecasting models"> forecasting models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159126/energy-communities-from-municipality-level-to-province-level-a-comparison-using-autoregressive-integrated-moving-average-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6725</span> Fin Efficiency of Helical Fin with Fixed Fin Tip Temperature Boundary Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20G.%20Carranza">Richard G. Carranza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Ospina"> Juan Ospina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fin efficiency for a helical fin with a fixed fin tip (or arbitrary) temperature boundary condition is presented. Firstly, the temperature profile throughout the fin is determined via an energy balance around the fin itself. Secondly, the fin efficiency is formulated by integrating across the entire surface of the helical fin. An analytical expression for the fin efficiency is presented and compared with the literature for accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fin" title=" fin"> fin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat" title=" heat"> heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helical" title=" helical"> helical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer" title=" transfer"> transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24252/fin-efficiency-of-helical-fin-with-fixed-fin-tip-temperature-boundary-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">684</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6724</span> Exergetic Analysis of Steam Turbine Power Plant Operated in Chemical Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Hafdhi">F. Hafdhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Khir"> T. Khir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ben%20Yahia"> A. Ben Yahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ben%20Brahim"> A. Ben Brahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An Energetic and exergetic analysis is conducted on a Steam Turbine Power Plant of an existing Phosphoric Acid Factory. The heat recovery systems used in different parts of the plant are also considered in the analysis. Mass, thermal and exergy balances are established on the main compounds of the factory. A numerical code is established using EES software to perform the calculations required for the thermal and exergy plant analysis. The effects of the key operating parameters such as steam pressure and temperature, mass flow rate as well as seawater temperature, on the cycle performances are investigated. A maximum Exergy Loss Rate of about 72% is obtained for the melters, followed by the condensers, heat exchangers and the pumps. The heat exchangers used in the phosphoric acid unit present exergetic efficiencies around 33% while 60% to 72% are obtained for steam turbines and blower. For the explored ranges of HP steam temperature and pressure, the exergy efficiencies of steam turbine generators STGI and STGII increase of about 2.5% and 5.4% respectively. In the same way, optimum HP steam flow rate values, leading to the maximum exergy efficiencies are defined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20turbine%20generator" title="steam turbine generator">steam turbine generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy%20efficiency" title=" exergy efficiency"> exergy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphoric%20acid%20plant" title=" phosphoric acid plant"> phosphoric acid plant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39804/exergetic-analysis-of-steam-turbine-power-plant-operated-in-chemical-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6723</span> Evaluation of a 50MW Two-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic Power Plant for Al-Jagbob, Libya: Energetic, Economic, and Environmental Impact Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Aldali">Yasser Aldali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farag%20Ahwide"> Farag Ahwide</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the application of large scale (LS-PV) two-axis tracking photovoltaic power plant in Al-Jagbob, Libya. A 50MW PV-grid connected (two-axis tracking) power plant design in Al-Jagbob, Libya has been carried out presently. A hetero-junction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) type PV module has been selected and modeled. A Microsoft Excel-VBA program has been constructed to compute slope radiation, dew-point, sky temperature, and then cell temperature, maximum power output and module efficiency for this system, for tracking system. The results for energy production show that the total energy output is 128.5 GWh/year. The average module efficiency is 16.6%. The electricity generation capacity factor (CF) and solar capacity factor (SCF) were found to be 29.3% and 70.4% respectively. A 50MW two axis tracking power plant with a total energy output of 128.5 GWh/year would reduce CO2 pollution by 85,581 tonnes of each year. The payback time for the proposed LS-PV photovoltaic power plant was found to be 4 years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20PV%20power%20plant" title="large PV power plant">large PV power plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact" title=" environmental impact"> environmental impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-axis%20tracking%20system" title=" dual-axis tracking system"> dual-axis tracking system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1903/evaluation-of-a-50mw-two-axis-tracking-photovoltaic-power-plant-for-al-jagbob-libya-energetic-economic-and-environmental-impact-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6722</span> Exergetic and Sustainability Evaluation of a Building Heating System in Izmir, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurdan%20Yildirim">Nurdan Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arif%20Hepbasli"> Arif Hepbasli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heating, cooling and lighting appliances in buildings account for more than one third of the world’s primary energy demand. Therefore, main components of the building heating systems play an essential role in terms of energy consumption. In this context, efficient energy and exergy utilization in HVAC-R systems has been very essential, especially in developing energy policies towards increasing efficiencies. The main objective of the present study is to assess the performance of a family house with a volume of 326.7 m3 and a net floor area of 121 m2, located in the city of Izmir, Turkey in terms of energetic, exergetic and sustainability aspects. The indoor and exterior air temperatures are taken as 20°C and 1°C, respectively. In the analysis and assessment, various metrics (indices or indicators) such as exergetic efficiency, exergy flexibility ratio and sustainability index are utilized. Two heating options (Case 1: condensing boiler and Case 2: air heat pump) are considered for comparison purposes. The total heat loss rate of the family house is determined to be 3770.72 W. The overall energy efficiencies of the studied cases are calculated to be 49.4% for Case 1 and 54.7% for Case 2. The overall exergy efficiencies, the flexibility factor and the sustainability index of Cases 1 and 2 are computed to be around 3.3%, 0.17 and 1.034, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buildings" title="buildings">buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy" title=" exergy"> exergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20exergy" title=" low exergy"> low exergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14739/exergetic-and-sustainability-evaluation-of-a-building-heating-system-in-izmir-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6721</span> A Predictive MOC Solver for Water Hammer Waves Distribution in Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bayle">A. Bayle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Plourabou%C3%A9"> F. Plouraboué</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water Distribution Network (WDN) still suffers from a lack of knowledge about fast pressure transient events prediction, although the latter may considerably impact their durability. Accidental or planned operating activities indeed give rise to complex pressure interactions and may drastically modified the local pressure value generating leaks and, in rare cases, pipe’s break. In this context, a numerical predictive analysis is conducted to prevent such event and optimize network management. A couple of Python/FORTRAN 90, home-made software, has been developed using Method Of Characteristic (MOC) solving for water-hammer equations. The solver is validated by direct comparison with theoretical and experimental measurement in simple configurations whilst afterward extended to network analysis. The algorithm's most costly steps are designed for parallel computation. A various set of boundary conditions and energetic losses models are considered for the network simulations. The results are analyzed in both real and frequencies domain and provide crucial information on the pressure distribution behavior within the network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20losses%20models" title="energetic losses models">energetic losses models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method%20of%20characteristic" title=" method of characteristic"> method of characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20predictive%20analysis" title=" numerical predictive analysis"> numerical predictive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20distribution%20network" title=" water distribution network"> water distribution network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20hammer" title=" water hammer"> water hammer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141429/a-predictive-moc-solver-for-water-hammer-waves-distribution-in-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6720</span> Evaluation of Shock Sensitivity of Nano-Scaled 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazacyclohexane Using Small Scale Gap Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-In%20Lee">Kang-In Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woo-Jin%20Lee"> Woo-Jin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keun-Deuk%20Lee"> Keun-Deuk Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju-Seung%20Chae"> Ju-Seung Chae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, small scale gap test (SSGT) was performed to measure shock sensitivity of nano-scaled 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) samples. The shock sensitivity of energetic materials is usually evaluated by the method of large-scale gap test (LSGT) that has a higher reliability than other methods. But LSGT has the disadvantage that it takes a high cost and time by using a large amount of explosive. In this experiment, nano-scaled RDX samples were prepared by spray crystallization in two different drying methods. In addition, 30μm RDX sample produced by precipitation crystallization and 5μm RDX sample produced by fluid energy mill process were tested to compare shock sensitivity. The study of shock sensitivity measured by small-scale gap test shows that small sized RDX particles have greater insensitivity. As a result, we infer SSGT method has higher reliability compared to the literature as measurement of shock sensitivity of energetic materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-scaled%20RDX" title="nano-scaled RDX">nano-scaled RDX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSGT%28small%20scale%20gap%20test%29" title=" SSGT(small scale gap test)"> SSGT(small scale gap test)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20sensitivity" title=" shock sensitivity"> shock sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RDX" title=" RDX"> RDX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73492/evaluation-of-shock-sensitivity-of-nano-scaled-135-trinitro-135-triazacyclohexane-using-small-scale-gap-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6719</span> Performance of Environmental Efficiency of Energy Consumption in OPEC Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahram%20Fathi">Bahram Fathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Khodaparast%20Mashhadi"> Mahdi Khodaparast Mashhadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masuod%20Homayounifar"> Masuod Homayounifar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global awareness on energy security and climate change has created much interest in assessing energy efficiency performance. A number of previous studies have contributed to evaluate energy efficiency performance using different analytical techniques among which data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently received increasing attention. Most of DEA-related energy efficiency studies do not consider undesirable outputs such as CO2 emissions in their modeling framework, which may lead to biased energy efficiency values. Within a joint production frame work of desirable and undesirable outputs, in this paper we construct energy efficiency performance index for measuring energy efficiency performance by using environmental DEA model with CO2 emissions. We finally apply the index proposed to assess the energy efficiency performance in OPEC over time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental" title=" environmental"> environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OPEC" title=" OPEC"> OPEC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40892/performance-of-environmental-efficiency-of-energy-consumption-in-opec-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6718</span> Maximizing the Efficiency of Knowledge Management Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tori%20Reddy%20Dodla">Tori Reddy Dodla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Ann%20Jones"> Laura Ann Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to propose strategies to improve the efficiency of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS). This study highlights best practices from various industries to create an overall summary of Knowledge Management (KM) and efficiency in organizational performance. Results indicated eleven best practices for maximizing the efficiency of organizational KMS that can be divided into four categories: Designing the KMS, Identifying Case Studies, Implementing the KMS, and Promoting adoption and usage. Our findings can be used as a foundation for scholars to conduct further research on KMS efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management%20efficiency" title=" knowledge management efficiency"> knowledge management efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management%20systems" title=" knowledge management systems"> knowledge management systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20performance" title=" organizational performance"> organizational performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165236/maximizing-the-efficiency-of-knowledge-management-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6717</span> Characteristics and Quality of Chilean Abalone Undergoing Different Drying Emerging Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20P%C3%A9rez-Won">Mario Pérez-Won</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anais%20Palma-Acevedo"> Anais Palma-Acevedo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Gonz%C3%A1lez-Cavieres"> Luis González-Cavieres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roberto%20Lemus-Mondaca"> Roberto Lemus-Mondaca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gipsy%20Tabilo-Munizaga"> Gipsy Tabilo-Munizaga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chilean abalone (Concholepas Concholepas) is a gastropod mollusk; it has a high commercial value due to the qualities of its meat, especially hardness, as a critical acceptance parameter. However, its main problem is its short shelf-life which is usually extended using traditional technologies with high energy consumption. Therefore, applying different technologies for the pre-treatment and drying process is necessary. In this research, pulsed electric field (PEF) was used as a pre-treatment for vacuum microwave drying (VMD), freeze-drying (FD), and hot-air drying (HAD). Drying conditions and characteristics were set according to previous experiments. The Drying samples were analyzed in terms of physical quality (color, texture, microstructure, and rehydration capacity), protein quality (degree of hydrolysis and computer protein efficiency ratio), and energy parameters. Regarding quality, the treatment that obtained lower harness was PEF+FD (195 N ± 10), the lowest change of color was for treatment PEF+VMD (ΔE: 17 ± 1.5), and the best rehydration capacity was for treatment PEF+VMD (1.2 h for equilibrium). For protein quality, the highest Computer-Protein Efficiency Ratio was the sample 2.0 kV/ cm of PEF (index of 4.18 ± 0.26 at the end of the digestion). Moreover, about energetic consumption, results show that VMD decreases the drying process by 97% whether PEF was used or not. Consequently, it is possible to conclude that using PEF as a pre-treatment for VMD and FD treatments has advantages that must be used following the consumer’s needs or preferences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chilean%20abalone" title="chilean abalone">chilean abalone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze-drying" title=" freeze-drying"> freeze-drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteins" title=" proteins"> proteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20electric%20fields" title=" pulsed electric fields"> pulsed electric fields</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157806/characteristics-and-quality-of-chilean-abalone-undergoing-different-drying-emerging-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6716</span> A Paradigm Shift in Energy Policy and Use: Exergy and Hybrid Renewable Energy Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adavbiele%20Airewe%20Stephen">Adavbiele Airewe Stephen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable energy use is exploiting energy resources within acceptable levels of global resource depletion without destroying the ecological balance of an area. In the context of sustainability, the rush to quell the energy crisis of the fossil fuels of the 1970's by embarking on nuclear energy technology has now been seen as a disaster. In the circumstance, action (policy) suggested in this study to avoid future occurrence is exergy maximization/entropy generation minimization and the use is renewable energy technologies that are hybrid based. Thirty-two (32) selected hybrid renewable energy technologies were assessed with respect to their energetic efficiencies and entropy generation. The results indicated that determining which of the hybrid technologies is the most efficient process and sustainable is a matter of defining efficiency and knowing which of them possesses the minimum entropy generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title="entropy">entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy" title=" exergy"> exergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20renewable%20energy%20technologies" title=" hybrid renewable energy technologies"> hybrid renewable energy technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20261/a-paradigm-shift-in-energy-policy-and-use-exergy-and-hybrid-renewable-energy-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6715</span> A Super-Efficiency Model for Evaluating Efficiency in the Presence of Time Lag Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanshuang%20Zhang">Yanshuang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungho%20Jeong"> Byungho Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many cases, there is a time lag between the consumption of inputs and the production of outputs. This time lag effect should be considered in evaluating the performance of organizations. Recently, a couple of DEA models were developed for considering time lag effect in efficiency evaluation of research activities. Multi-periods input(MpI) and Multi-periods output(MpO) models are integrated models to calculate simple efficiency considering time lag effect. However, these models can’t discriminate efficient DMUs because of the nature of basic DEA model in which efficiency scores are limited to ‘1’. That is, efficient DMUs can’t be discriminated because their efficiency scores are same. Thus, this paper suggests a super-efficiency model for efficiency evaluation under the consideration of time lag effect based on the MpO model. A case example using a long-term research project is given to compare the suggested model with the MpO model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-efficiency" title=" super-efficiency"> super-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20lag" title=" time lag"> time lag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-periods%20input" title=" multi-periods input"> multi-periods input</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13008/a-super-efficiency-model-for-evaluating-efficiency-in-the-presence-of-time-lag-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span 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