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[{"id":100591760,"identifier":"Attachment_100591760","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":99527540,"created_at":"2023-04-02T13:40:31.147-07:00","from_world_paper_id":230865778,"updated_at":"2024-11-28T05:37:42.385-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"eCAADe","ai_title_tag":"Reversible Bistable Hygroscopic Actuators Inspired by Plants","grobid_abstract":"Plant movement is of great inspiration for the development of actuators in architectural applications. Since plants lack muscles, they have developed unique hygroscopic mechanisms that use specialized tissue to generate movement in response to stimuli such as touch, light, temperature, or gravity. Most research in architecture has been focused on the stress-induced bending that can be achieved with a bilayer structure-particularly using wood composites and bi-metals. The speed of these mechanisms is mostly limited by the rules of bilayers, as described by Timoshenko, and the speed of moisture/heat diffusion. This paper presents methods to use bistable mechanisms, and their elastic instability, to enable rapid movements of \"snap-through\" buckling that can greatly improve the speed of transformation. The research covers biomimetic studies on the Mimosa pudica, Oxalis triangularis, and the Maranta leuconeura to develop hygroscopic mechanisms whose kinematic actuation can be amplified through the integration of a bistable system. The presented mechanisms make it possible to significantly increase the speed of response of the hygroscopically driven mechanism while maintaining the ability to operate over several reversible cycles. Calibration of the mechanism to specific relative humidity conditions is presented together with some initial prototypes with the potential for manual override strategies. It is the aim of this combined approach that the actuation mechanisms are better able to match users' expectations of fast shape-change actuation in relation to environmental changes.","publication_name":"Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe) [Volume 1]","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"100591760"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Fast and Reversible Bistable Hygroscopic Actuators for Architectural Applications Based on Plant Movement Strategies","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [110052324]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; 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style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="68171535" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68171535/Plant_Biomechanics_An_Overview_and_Prospectus_1">Plant Biomechanics : An Overview and Prospectus 1</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32849688" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KarlNiklas">Karl Niklas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2006</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">History shows that engineers and physicists can learn a great deal from studying plants. The use of organisms in general and plants in particular as models to illustrate physical principles or to construct mechanical devices has a long and distinguished history. Galileo Galilei (1638) used the hollow stalks of grass to illustrate his idea that peripheral rather than centrally located construction materials resist bending forces. He also developed his concept of geometric self-similarity (which presaged J. S. Huxley’s 1932 study of allometry and biological scaling principles) by comparing the mechanics of small and large oak trees. Leonardo da Vinci’s interest in fluid mechanics was inspired by his observation that the cross-sectional areas of tree trunks are roughly equal to the sum of the branch crosssectional areas distal to any point along a trunk’s length, and his drawings of the first parachute and autogyroscopic propeller were based on meticulous examinations of the dandelion ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Plant Biomechanics : An Overview and Prospectus 1","attachmentId":78742366,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68171535/Plant_Biomechanics_An_Overview_and_Prospectus_1","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68171535/Plant_Biomechanics_An_Overview_and_Prospectus_1"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="34644880" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34644880/Responsive_Plant_inspired_skins_A_review">Responsive Plant‐inspired skins: A review</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10404849" href="https://newcastle.academia.edu/yomnaElghazi">yomna Elghazi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Sun‐shading plant‐inspired skins can use plant actuation principles to develop reversible motions. This paper describe the intersection between plant actuation principles, their morphology and low energy strategies, to propose potential mechanisms in responsive dynamic shading skins. This paper will investigate non‐ autonomous reversible plant movements to develop elastic kinetic solar screens. New approaches to soft mechanics have found inspiration in plant movements applied to pliable structures in architecture. Interestingly, global flexibility is often achieved through the adaptive behaviour of plants that change their morphological features by acting as living hinges and allowing for elastic deformations. These motion patterns are found in nastic structures which are very promising as natural actuators. By studying how plant species take advantage of mechanical, compositional and structural gradients to perform mobility with minimal energy use, it is possible to learn how to integrate these properties into the design of kinetic shading solar screens. The focus of this review is to understand soft mechanics approaches and their applications for responsive shading skins. A critical review of the current progress in mechanical properties and actuation principles of nastic plant movements is illustrated.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Responsive Plant‐inspired skins: A review","attachmentId":54505389,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34644880/Responsive_Plant_inspired_skins_A_review","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34644880/Responsive_Plant_inspired_skins_A_review"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="26108980" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26108980/HygroSkin_A_Climate_Responsive_Prototype_Prject_Based_on_the_Elastic_and_Hygroscopic_Properties_of_Wood">HygroSkin: A Climate-Responsive Prototype Prject Based on the Elastic and Hygroscopic Properties of Wood</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8411244" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidCorrea3">David Correa</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47137323" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KatjaRinderspacher">Katja Rinderspacher</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50022459" href="https://xn--universitt-stuttgart-jzb.academia.edu/OliverDavidKrieg">Oliver David Krieg</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper focuses on the implementation of a computational design and robotic fabrication method that integrates the elastic and hygroscopic behavior of wood as active drivers in the design process, using the material&#39;s differentiated characteristics as its main capacity. The project builds on previous work by the authors, furthering their research on the formal and performative transfer of such behaviors into informed architectural systems. Wood&#39;s fibrous structure, relatively low stiffness and high structural capacity are instrumentalized into self-forming mechanisms through conical elastic deformation, while the same organic makeup and corresponding hygro-scopic properties have also been programmed, formally articulated and integrated into a climate responsive architectural system. This research will be presented alongside a full-scale architectural project.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"HygroSkin: A Climate-Responsive Prototype Prject Based on the Elastic and Hygroscopic Properties of Wood","attachmentId":46456705,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26108980/HygroSkin_A_Climate_Responsive_Prototype_Prject_Based_on_the_Elastic_and_Hygroscopic_Properties_of_Wood","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26108980/HygroSkin_A_Climate_Responsive_Prototype_Prject_Based_on_the_Elastic_and_Hygroscopic_Properties_of_Wood"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="16620064" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16620064/Special_section_on_biomimetics_of_movement">Special section on biomimetics of movement</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36031506" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RainerErb">Rainer Erb</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35964568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgeJeronimidis">George Jeronimidis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Special section on biomimetics of movement","attachmentId":40046675,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16620064/Special_section_on_biomimetics_of_movement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16620064/Special_section_on_biomimetics_of_movement"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":100591760,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":100591760,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_100591760" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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data-author-id="32849688" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KarlNiklas">Karl Niklas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Experimental Botany, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Plant biomechanics in the 21st century","attachmentId":95825237,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92952523/Plant_biomechanics_in_the_21st_century","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/92952523/Plant_biomechanics_in_the_21st_century"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span 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data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fast nastic motion of plants and bioinspired structures","attachmentId":76117010,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/63821808/Fast_nastic_motion_of_plants_and_bioinspired_structures","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/63821808/Fast_nastic_motion_of_plants_and_bioinspired_structures"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="52417536" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52417536/Plant_movements_as_concept_generators_for_deployable_systems_in_architecture">Plant movements as concept generators for deployable systems in architecture</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="157848264" href="https://uni-kassel.academia.edu/JulianLienhard">Julian Lienhard</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Design and Nature V, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Plant movements as concept generators for deployable systems in architecture","attachmentId":69689902,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52417536/Plant_movements_as_concept_generators_for_deployable_systems_in_architecture","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52417536/Plant_movements_as_concept_generators_for_deployable_systems_in_architecture"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="68720427" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68720427/Holstov_A_Farmer_G_Bridgens_B_Implementing_hygromorphic_wood_composites_into_responsive_building_skins_In_11th_Conference_on_Advanced_Building_Skins_2016_Bern_Switzerland_Advanced_Building_Skins_GmbH">Holstov A, Farmer G, Bridgens B. Implementing hygromorphic wood composites into responsive building skins. In: 11th Conference on Advanced Building Skins. 2016, Bern, Switzerland: Advanced Building Skins GmbH</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="61877105" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Holstov">Artem Holstov</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Holstov A, Farmer G, Bridgens B. Implementing hygromorphic wood composites into responsive building skins. 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