CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Church History Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="EPphYiLIho13K4bVo0W5YhG7jMRAEb/HIe+D7py7L1CjalGBFGOSaZkQN2T6wCHH4ReFPblbF4fi3bkvs6pOUA==" /> <link href="/Documents/in/Church_History?after=50%2C42077710" rel="next" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Church History Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '92477ec68c09d28ae4730a4143c926f074776319'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":15276,"monthly_visitors":"113 million","monthly_visitor_count":113784677,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":113,"user_count":277524610,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732791934000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732791934000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-bdb9e8c097f01e611f2fc5e2f1a9dc599beede975e2ae5629983543a1726e947.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-bae13f9b51961d5f1e06008e39e31d0138cb31332e8c2e874c6d6a250ec2bb14.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-19a25d160d01bde427443d06cd6b810c4c92c6026e7cb31519e06313eb24ed90.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Church History</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">134,154 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Church History</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Church_History">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43323321" data-work_id="43323321" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43323321/Communaut%C3%A9s_religieuses_justice_et_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s_Xe_Colloque_international_Colloque_international_du_CERCOR_du_CERCOR">Communautés religieuses, justice et sociétés Xe Colloque international Colloque international du CERCOR du CERCOR</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43323321" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c2fabe31fbd0323d588dca3d78d3c44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63605924,"asset_id":43323321,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63605924/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6151373" href="https://univ-st-etienne.academia.edu/SebastienFray">Sebastien Fray</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6151373" type="text/json">{"id":6151373,"first_name":"Sebastien","last_name":"Fray","domain_name":"univ-st-etienne","page_name":"SebastienFray","display_name":"Sebastien Fray","profile_url":"https://univ-st-etienne.academia.edu/SebastienFray?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6151373/7397790/16117817/s65_sebastien.fray.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43323321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43323321"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43323321, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43323321", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43323321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43323321; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43323321"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43323321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43323321"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43323321; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43323321]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43323321").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43323321").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43323321"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History">Modern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134" type="text/json">{"id":134,"name":"Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1365" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Middle_Ages">High Middle Ages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1365" type="text/json">{"id":1365,"name":"High Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1366" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Middle_Ages">Late Middle Ages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1366" type="text/json">{"id":1366,"name":"Late Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43323321]'), work: {"id":43323321,"title":"Communautés religieuses, justice et sociétés Xe Colloque international Colloque international du CERCOR du CERCOR","created_at":"2020-06-12T02:02:07.231-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43323321/Communaut%C3%A9s_religieuses_justice_et_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s_Xe_Colloque_international_Colloque_international_du_CERCOR_du_CERCOR?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_43323321","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63605924,"asset_id":43323321,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6151373,"first_name":"Sebastien","last_name":"Fray","domain_name":"univ-st-etienne","page_name":"SebastienFray","display_name":"Sebastien Fray","profile_url":"https://univ-st-etienne.academia.edu/SebastienFray?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6151373/7397790/16117817/s65_sebastien.fray.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":134,"name":"Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1365,"name":"High Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1366,"name":"Late Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5959,"name":"Monastic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monastic_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":16718,"name":"Cistercians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cistercians?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19330,"name":"Religious congregations and monastic orders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_congregations_and_monastic_orders?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21987,"name":"Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monasticism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":30375,"name":"History of Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Monasticism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":81661,"name":"Cistercian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cistercian_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":89899,"name":"Medieval Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Monasticism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":117648,"name":"Cathedral chapters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cathedral_chapters?f_ri=14893"},{"id":127577,"name":"Benedictine Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Benedictine_Monasticism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":753693,"name":"History of Criminal Justice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Criminal_Justice?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44722889" data-work_id="44722889" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44722889/C_TADDEI_FERRETTI_Ipazia_di_Alessandria_e_Sinesio_di_Cirene_Un_rapporto_interculturale_Il_Pozzo_di_Giacobbe_Trapani_2018">C. TADDEI FERRETTI, Ipazia di Alessandria e Sinesio di Cirene. Un rapporto interculturale, Il Pozzo di Giacobbe, Trapani 2018</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Oi Christianoi - Sezione antica, n. 26 ----- Su Ipazia di Alessandria e su Sinesio di Cirene molti hanno già scritto: Ipazia, una nota antica scienziata e filosofia, Sinesio, un nobile, suo allievo e poi vescovo cristiano; Ipazia, da... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44722889" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Oi Christianoi - Sezione antica, n. 26 ----- Su Ipazia di Alessandria e su Sinesio di Cirene molti hanno già scritto: Ipazia, una nota antica scienziata e filosofia, Sinesio, un nobile, suo allievo e poi vescovo cristiano; Ipazia, da alcuni presa in considerazione unicamente come vessillo del femminismo, Sinesio, spesso trascurato a fronte di più famosi Padri della Chiesa. La peculiarità del libro, che è frutto di un accurato studio critico delle relative fonti primarie e secondarie, consiste nel tipo di approccio: le due figure e le loro opere sono esaminate sullo sfondo dei differenti ambiti culturali in cui si sono sviluppate le vicende della loro vita, pur nella contemporaneità: la differenza di ambiti culturali consente di evidenziare di questa donna e di questo uomo non solo la validità del loro lungo rapporto amicale, testimoniate da alcune lettere di Sinesio a noi pervenute, ma anche l'alto valore interculturale di tale rapporto.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44722889" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bd2d5018f9160a591dcb856ca51038dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65204954,"asset_id":44722889,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65204954/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83439801" href="https://pftim-it.academia.edu/IstitutodiStoriadelCristianesimo">Istituto di Storia del Cristianesimo "Cataldo Naro"</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83439801" type="text/json">{"id":83439801,"first_name":"Istituto di Storia","last_name":"del Cristianesimo \"Cataldo Naro\"","domain_name":"pftim-it","page_name":"IstitutodiStoriadelCristianesimo","display_name":"Istituto di Storia del Cristianesimo \"Cataldo Naro\"","profile_url":"https://pftim-it.academia.edu/IstitutodiStoriadelCristianesimo?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83439801/19971269/19762644/s65_istituto_di_storia.del_cristianesimo.gif"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44722889 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44722889"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44722889, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44722889", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44722889 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44722889; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44722889"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44722889 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44722889"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44722889; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44722889]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44722889").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44722889").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44722889"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1138" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies">Women's Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1138" type="text/json">{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44722889]'), work: {"id":44722889,"title":"C. TADDEI FERRETTI, Ipazia di Alessandria e Sinesio di Cirene. Un rapporto interculturale, Il Pozzo di Giacobbe, Trapani 2018","created_at":"2020-12-17T02:04:16.285-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44722889/C_TADDEI_FERRETTI_Ipazia_di_Alessandria_e_Sinesio_di_Cirene_Un_rapporto_interculturale_Il_Pozzo_di_Giacobbe_Trapani_2018?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_44722889","summary":"Oi Christianoi - Sezione antica, n. 26 ----- Su Ipazia di Alessandria e su Sinesio di Cirene molti hanno già scritto: Ipazia, una nota antica scienziata e filosofia, Sinesio, un nobile, suo allievo e poi vescovo cristiano; Ipazia, da alcuni presa in considerazione unicamente come vessillo del femminismo, Sinesio, spesso trascurato a fronte di più famosi Padri della Chiesa. La peculiarità del libro, che è frutto di un accurato studio critico delle relative fonti primarie e secondarie, consiste nel tipo di approccio: le due figure e le loro opere sono esaminate sullo sfondo dei differenti ambiti culturali in cui si sono sviluppate le vicende della loro vita, pur nella contemporaneità: la differenza di ambiti culturali consente di evidenziare di questa donna e di questo uomo non solo la validità del loro lungo rapporto amicale, testimoniate da alcune lettere di Sinesio a noi pervenute, ma anche l'alto valore interculturale di tale rapporto. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65204954,"asset_id":44722889,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":83439801,"first_name":"Istituto di Storia","last_name":"del Cristianesimo \"Cataldo Naro\"","domain_name":"pftim-it","page_name":"IstitutodiStoriadelCristianesimo","display_name":"Istituto di Storia del Cristianesimo \"Cataldo Naro\"","profile_url":"https://pftim-it.academia.edu/IstitutodiStoriadelCristianesimo?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83439801/19971269/19762644/s65_istituto_di_storia.del_cristianesimo.gif"}],"research_interests":[{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1726,"name":"Women's History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3617,"name":"Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10549,"name":"Women in the ancient world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_in_the_ancient_world?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":51941,"name":"Women's and gender history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_and_gender_history?f_ri=14893"},{"id":60289,"name":"Early Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":89696,"name":"Storia della chiesa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_della_chiesa?f_ri=14893"},{"id":111162,"name":"Paganism and Christianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paganism_and_Christianism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":117302,"name":"Gender and Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Womens_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":155805,"name":"Ipazia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ipazia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":184622,"name":"Women in the Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_in_the_Early_Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":350770,"name":"History of Christian Thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christian_Thought?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1288362,"name":"Womens History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_History-22?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4498138" data-work_id="4498138" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4498138/Perspectives_on_Ecclesiology_and_Ethnography_edited_by_Pete_Ward_Review_">Perspectives on Ecclesiology and Ethnography, edited by Pete Ward (Review) </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4498138" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0bff1a8d43f25c9d4d0438f63c856356" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34055160,"asset_id":4498138,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34055160/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5068033" href="https://dbq.academia.edu/cbjames">Christopher B James</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5068033" type="text/json">{"id":5068033,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"James","domain_name":"dbq","page_name":"cbjames","display_name":"Christopher B James","profile_url":"https://dbq.academia.edu/cbjames?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5068033/2211058/24512799/s65_christopher.james.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4498138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4498138"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4498138, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4498138", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4498138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4498138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4498138"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4498138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4498138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4498138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4498138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4498138").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4498138").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4498138"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2547" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Practical_theology">Practical theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2547" type="text/json">{"id":2547,"name":"Practical theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Practical_theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2561" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_Theology">Systematic Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2561" type="text/json">{"id":2561,"name":"Systematic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8572" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Congregational_Studies">Congregational Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8572" type="text/json">{"id":8572,"name":"Congregational Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Congregational_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4498138]'), work: {"id":4498138,"title":"Perspectives on Ecclesiology and Ethnography, edited by Pete Ward (Review) ","created_at":"2013-09-16T02:08:13.566-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4498138/Perspectives_on_Ecclesiology_and_Ethnography_edited_by_Pete_Ward_Review_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_4498138","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34055160,"asset_id":4498138,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5068033,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"James","domain_name":"dbq","page_name":"cbjames","display_name":"Christopher B James","profile_url":"https://dbq.academia.edu/cbjames?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5068033/2211058/24512799/s65_christopher.james.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2547,"name":"Practical theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Practical_theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2561,"name":"Systematic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":8572,"name":"Congregational Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Congregational_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":12614,"name":"Ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41587645" data-work_id="41587645" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41587645/The_Civic_Seminary_The_Sources_of_Modern_Public_Education_in_Lutheran_Germany">The Civic Seminary: The Sources of Modern Public Education in Lutheran Germany</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This Article documents how and why the sixteenth-century Lutheran Reformation helped to build the modern public education system of the West. Rejecting the medieval tradition of church education primarily for and by the clergy, Martin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41587645" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This Article documents how and why the sixteenth-century Lutheran Reformation helped to build the modern public education system of the West. Rejecting the medieval tradition of church education primarily for and by the clergy, Martin Luther argued that all Christians need to be educated to be able to read the Bible on their own, to participate fully in the life of the church, state, and society, and to prepare for their distinct vocations. Lutheran Germany and Scandinavia thus set up public schools as "civic seminaries," in Philip Melanchthon's apt phrase, designed to offer general spiritual and civic education for all. In early modern Lutheran lands, the state replaced the church as the chief educator of the community, and free basic education with standard curricula was made compulsory for all children, boys and girls alike. The Article offers case studies of new German city and territorial laws on education on the books and in action, and it reflects on the enduring significance of this early experiment in education even in our day.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41587645" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec012b5d23cb0467f5f4cd6406b16362" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61744716,"asset_id":41587645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61744716/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="116656678" href="https://emory.academia.edu/JohnWitteJr">John Witte, Jr.</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="116656678" type="text/json">{"id":116656678,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Witte, Jr.","domain_name":"emory","page_name":"JohnWitteJr","display_name":"John Witte, Jr.","profile_url":"https://emory.academia.edu/JohnWitteJr?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/116656678/28474126/26627414/s65_john.witte_jr..jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41587645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41587645"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41587645, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41587645", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41587645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41587645; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41587645"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41587645 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41587645"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41587645; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41587645]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41587645").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41587645").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41587645"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41587645]'), work: {"id":41587645,"title":"The Civic Seminary: The Sources of Modern Public Education in Lutheran Germany","created_at":"2020-01-10T15:22:53.006-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41587645/The_Civic_Seminary_The_Sources_of_Modern_Public_Education_in_Lutheran_Germany?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_41587645","summary":"This Article documents how and why the sixteenth-century Lutheran Reformation helped to build the modern public education system of the West. Rejecting the medieval tradition of church education primarily for and by the clergy, Martin Luther argued that all Christians need to be educated to be able to read the Bible on their own, to participate fully in the life of the church, state, and society, and to prepare for their distinct vocations. Lutheran Germany and Scandinavia thus set up public schools as \"civic seminaries,\" in Philip Melanchthon's apt phrase, designed to offer general spiritual and civic education for all. In early modern Lutheran lands, the state replaced the church as the chief educator of the community, and free basic education with standard curricula was made compulsory for all children, boys and girls alike. The Article offers case studies of new German city and territorial laws on education on the books and in action, and it reflects on the enduring significance of this early experiment in education even in our day.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61744716,"asset_id":41587645,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":116656678,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Witte, Jr.","domain_name":"emory","page_name":"JohnWitteJr","display_name":"John Witte, Jr.","profile_url":"https://emory.academia.edu/JohnWitteJr?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/116656678/28474126/26627414/s65_john.witte_jr..jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5150,"name":"Lutheranism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lutheranism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":36017,"name":"Martin Luther","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Martin_Luther?f_ri=14893"},{"id":50576,"name":"Germany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germany?f_ri=14893"},{"id":191780,"name":"Philipp Melanchthon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philipp_Melanchthon?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2916882,"name":"Johannes Brenz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Johannes_Brenz?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39529778" data-work_id="39529778" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39529778/Adolf_Stoecker_and_the_German_Jews">Adolf Stoecker and the German Jews</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is a draft section of a chapter in my forthcoming Ph.D., in which I explore the anti-Semitic theories and theological views of 19th-century German preacher and politician Adolf Stoecker. I examine Stoecker's influence on Nazism, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39529778" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is a draft section of a chapter in my forthcoming Ph.D., in which I explore the anti-Semitic theories and theological views of 19th-century German preacher and politician Adolf Stoecker. I examine Stoecker's influence on Nazism, and suggest that whilst Stoecker certainly influenced Nazi ideology, it is a mistake to view his own anti-Semitism through the lens of the Holocaust.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39529778" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28dc261ceff994b6d03a73ae1ab5a614" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59679759,"asset_id":39529778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59679759/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="68689180" href="https://csu-au.academia.edu/RyanBuesnel">Ryan Buesnel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="68689180" type="text/json">{"id":68689180,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Buesnel","domain_name":"csu-au","page_name":"RyanBuesnel","display_name":"Ryan Buesnel","profile_url":"https://csu-au.academia.edu/RyanBuesnel?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68689180/56091465/44285341/s65_ryan.buesnel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39529778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39529778"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39529778, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39529778", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39529778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39529778; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39529778"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39529778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39529778"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39529778; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39529778]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39529778").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39529778").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39529778"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5531" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism_Prejudice_">Antisemitism (Prejudice)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5531" type="text/json">{"id":5531,"name":"Antisemitism (Prejudice)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism_Prejudice_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39529778]'), work: {"id":39529778,"title":"Adolf Stoecker and the German Jews","created_at":"2019-06-12T03:17:08.111-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39529778/Adolf_Stoecker_and_the_German_Jews?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_39529778","summary":"This is a draft section of a chapter in my forthcoming Ph.D., in which I explore the anti-Semitic theories and theological views of 19th-century German preacher and politician Adolf Stoecker. I examine Stoecker's influence on Nazism, and suggest that whilst Stoecker certainly influenced Nazi ideology, it is a mistake to view his own anti-Semitism through the lens of the Holocaust. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59679759,"asset_id":39529778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":68689180,"first_name":"Ryan","last_name":"Buesnel","domain_name":"csu-au","page_name":"RyanBuesnel","display_name":"Ryan Buesnel","profile_url":"https://csu-au.academia.edu/RyanBuesnel?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/68689180/56091465/44285341/s65_ryan.buesnel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5531,"name":"Antisemitism (Prejudice)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism_Prejudice_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":10106,"name":"Protestantism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protestantism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19140,"name":"19th Century German History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_German_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":42290,"name":"The Third Reich","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Third_Reich?f_ri=14893"},{"id":54355,"name":"Antisemitism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antisemitism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":66678,"name":"Nazism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nazism?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35822159" data-work_id="35822159" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35822159/ANGLICAN_ROOTS_IN_THE_ESTABLISHMENT_OF_METHODISM_IN_BRITAIN_AND_GHANA">ANGLICAN ROOTS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF METHODISM IN BRITAIN AND GHANA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A historical survey makes it clear that the Methodist churches in Britain and Ghana developed from the foundations of the Church of England. Most of the pioneers of the Holy Club which developed into the Methodist Church in Britain were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35822159" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A historical survey makes it clear that the Methodist churches in Britain and Ghana developed from the foundations of the Church of England. Most of the pioneers of the Holy Club which developed into the Methodist Church in Britain were ordained ministers of the Anglican Church. In Ghana, the story was very similar. The pioneers of the Methodist Church Ghana were products of public schools with Anglican influence. The Anglican Church could have contained the tide of evangelical activities which would have resulted in the expansion of the Church. Unfortunately, the revivalists were compelled by circumstances to work outside the Anglican Church. Churches today should learn and pray for the gift of discernment to allow the flow of the work of the Holy Spirit for the expansion of the church.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35822159" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6046a0a8005c8ccdb17eb719ea5e4575" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55699430,"asset_id":35822159,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55699430/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="75781887" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EbenezerYalley">Ebenezer Yalley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="75781887" type="text/json">{"id":75781887,"first_name":"Ebenezer","last_name":"Yalley","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EbenezerYalley","display_name":"Ebenezer Yalley","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EbenezerYalley?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75781887/18947935/18896418/s65_ebenezer.yalley.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35822159 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35822159"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35822159, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35822159", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35822159 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35822159; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35822159"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35822159 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35822159"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35822159; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35822159]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35822159").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35822159").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35822159"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35822159]'), work: {"id":35822159,"title":"ANGLICAN ROOTS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF METHODISM IN BRITAIN AND GHANA","created_at":"2018-02-02T04:15:03.873-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35822159/ANGLICAN_ROOTS_IN_THE_ESTABLISHMENT_OF_METHODISM_IN_BRITAIN_AND_GHANA?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_35822159","summary":"A historical survey makes it clear that the Methodist churches in Britain and Ghana developed from the foundations of the Church of England. Most of the pioneers of the Holy Club which developed into the Methodist Church in Britain were ordained ministers of the Anglican Church. In Ghana, the story was very similar. The pioneers of the Methodist Church Ghana were products of public schools with Anglican influence. The Anglican Church could have contained the tide of evangelical activities which would have resulted in the expansion of the Church. Unfortunately, the revivalists were compelled by circumstances to work outside the Anglican Church. Churches today should learn and pray for the gift of discernment to allow the flow of the work of the Holy Spirit for the expansion of the church.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55699430,"asset_id":35822159,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":75781887,"first_name":"Ebenezer","last_name":"Yalley","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EbenezerYalley","display_name":"Ebenezer Yalley","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EbenezerYalley?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/75781887/18947935/18896418/s65_ebenezer.yalley.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74407413" data-work_id="74407413" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74407413/The_heresy_of_the_Brothers_a_Heterodox_Community_in_Sixteenth_Century_Italy_Turnhout_Brepols_2022_Europa_Sacra_28_">The heresy of the Brothers, a Heterodox Community in Sixteenth-Century Italy, Turnhout, Brepols, 2022 (Europa Sacra, 28)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Around the mid-sixteenth century, one of the largest Italian heterodox communities developed in Modena: the community of 'Brothers'. At the beginning of the century, a flourishing humanistic tradition had inspired protests against the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74407413" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Around the mid-sixteenth century, one of the largest Italian heterodox communities developed in Modena: the community of 'Brothers'. At the beginning of the century, a flourishing humanistic tradition had inspired protests against the authority of the Church and had led many of the city's prominent figures to sympathize with Luther and the Reformation. Over the following decades, such positions became more extreme: most of the 'Brothers' held radical convictions, ranging from belief in predestination to contestation of the Antichrist pope. In some cases, the 'Brothers' even went so far as to deny the value of baptism.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74407413" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b5522f154b34377fd5a31d7c62624fe0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82571507,"asset_id":74407413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82571507/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13008438" href="https://unimore.academia.edu/MatteoAlKalak">Matteo Al Kalak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13008438" type="text/json">{"id":13008438,"first_name":"Matteo","last_name":"Al Kalak","domain_name":"unimore","page_name":"MatteoAlKalak","display_name":"Matteo Al Kalak","profile_url":"https://unimore.academia.edu/MatteoAlKalak?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13008438/10675772/20092911/s65_matteo.al_kalak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74407413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74407413"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74407413, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74407413", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74407413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74407413; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74407413"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74407413 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74407413"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74407413; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74407413]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74407413").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74407413").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74407413"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1727" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History">Early Modern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1727" type="text/json">{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5132" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reformation_History">Reformation History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5132" type="text/json">{"id":5132,"name":"Reformation History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reformation_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5410" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inquisition">Inquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5410" type="text/json">{"id":5410,"name":"Inquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inquisition?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74407413]'), work: {"id":74407413,"title":"The heresy of the Brothers, a Heterodox Community in Sixteenth-Century Italy, Turnhout, Brepols, 2022 (Europa Sacra, 28)","created_at":"2022-03-23T13:34:56.263-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74407413/The_heresy_of_the_Brothers_a_Heterodox_Community_in_Sixteenth_Century_Italy_Turnhout_Brepols_2022_Europa_Sacra_28_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_74407413","summary":"Around the mid-sixteenth century, one of the largest Italian heterodox communities developed in Modena: the community of 'Brothers'. At the beginning of the century, a flourishing humanistic tradition had inspired protests against the authority of the Church and had led many of the city's prominent figures to sympathize with Luther and the Reformation. Over the following decades, such positions became more extreme: most of the 'Brothers' held radical convictions, ranging from belief in predestination to contestation of the Antichrist pope. In some cases, the 'Brothers' even went so far as to deny the value of baptism.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82571507,"asset_id":74407413,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13008438,"first_name":"Matteo","last_name":"Al Kalak","domain_name":"unimore","page_name":"MatteoAlKalak","display_name":"Matteo Al Kalak","profile_url":"https://unimore.academia.edu/MatteoAlKalak?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13008438/10675772/20092911/s65_matteo.al_kalak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5132,"name":"Reformation History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reformation_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5410,"name":"Inquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inquisition?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":29330,"name":"Heresy and Inquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heresy_and_Inquisition?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37162200" data-work_id="37162200" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37162200/Columbanus_and_the_Peoples_of_Post_Roman_Europe_ed_Alexander_OHara">Columbanus and the Peoples of Post-Roman Europe, ed. Alexander O'Hara</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The period 550 to 750 was one in which monastic culture became more firmly entrenched in Western Europe. The role of monasteries and their relationship to the social world around them was transformed during this period as monastic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37162200" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The period 550 to 750 was one in which monastic culture became more firmly entrenched in Western Europe. The role of monasteries and their relationship to the social world around them was transformed during this period as monastic institutions became more integrated in social and political power networks. This collected volume of essays focuses on one of the central figures in this process, the Irish ascetic exile and monastic founder, Columbanus (c. 550-615), his travels on the Continent, and the monastic network he and his Frankish disciples established in Merovingian Gaul and Lombard Italy.<br /><br />The post-Roman kingdoms through which Columbanus travelled and established his monastic foundations were made up of many different communities of peoples. As an outsider and immigrant, how did Columbanus and his communities interact with these peoples? How did they negotiate differences and what emerged from these encounters? How societies interact with outsiders can reveal the inner workings and social norms of that culture. This volume aims to explore further the strands of this vibrant contact and to consider all of the geographical spheres in which Columbanus and his monastic communities operated (Ireland, Merovingian Gaul, Alamannia, Lombard Italy) and the varieties of communities he and his successors came in contact with — whether they were royal, ecclesiastic, aristocratic, or grass-roots.<br /><br />Table of Contents<br /><br />Preface<br />List of Abbreviations<br />Maps<br />Contributors<br />Foreword Walter Pohl<br />Part I: Columbanus in Context<br />Chapter 1: Introduction: Columbanus and Europe Alexander O'Hara<br />Chapter 2: Columbanus and the Language of Concord Damian Bracken<br />Part II: The Insular Background<br />Chapter 3: The Political Background to Columbanus's Irish Career Dáibhí Ó Cróinín<br />Chapter 4: Movers and Shakers? How Women Shaped the Career of Columbanus Elva Johnston <br />Chapter 5: Columbanus's Ulster Education Alex Woolf <br />Part III: The Frankish World <br />Chapter 6: Columbanus in Brittany Ian Wood <br />Chapter 7: Columbanus and Shunning: The Irish peregrinus between Gildas, Gaul, and Gregory Clare Stancliffe <br />Chapter 8: Orthodoxy and Authority: Jonas, Eustasius, and the Agrestius Affair Andreas Fischer <br />Chapter 9: Columbanus and the Mission to the Bavarians and the Slavs in the Seventh Century Herwig Wolfram<br />Part IV: On the Fringe: Columbanus and Gallus in Alamannia <br />Chapter 10: Between the Devil and the deep Lake Constance: Jonas of Bobbio, interpretatio Christiana, and the Pagan Religion of the Alamanni Bernhard Maier <br />Chapter 11: Drinking with Woden: A Re-Examination of Jonas's Vita Columbani I. 27 Francesco Borri <br />Chapter 12: Between Metz and Überlingen: Columbanus and Gallus in Alamannia Yaniv Fox <br />Chapter 13: Quicumque sunt rebelles, foras exeant! Columbanus's Rebellious Disciple Gallus Philipp Dörler<br />Part V: Lombard Italy and Columbanus's Legacy <br />Chapter 14: Columbanus, Bobbio, and the Lombards Stefano Gasparri<br />Chapter 15: Disputing Columbanus's Heritage: The Regula cuiusdam patris (with a translation of the Rule) Albrecht Diem</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37162200" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a841fc4578991d6f245eab520a0408f3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57113235,"asset_id":37162200,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57113235/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17298" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/AlexanderOHara">Alexander O'Hara</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17298" type="text/json">{"id":17298,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"O'Hara","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"AlexanderOHara","display_name":"Alexander O'Hara","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/AlexanderOHara?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17298/5801/141780272/s65_alexander.o_hara.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37162200 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37162200"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37162200, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37162200", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37162200 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37162200; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37162200"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37162200 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37162200"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37162200; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37162200]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37162200").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37162200").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37162200"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">25</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37162200]'), work: {"id":37162200,"title":"Columbanus and the Peoples of Post-Roman Europe, ed. Alexander O'Hara","created_at":"2018-08-01T06:01:29.494-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37162200/Columbanus_and_the_Peoples_of_Post_Roman_Europe_ed_Alexander_OHara?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_37162200","summary":"The period 550 to 750 was one in which monastic culture became more firmly entrenched in Western Europe. The role of monasteries and their relationship to the social world around them was transformed during this period as monastic institutions became more integrated in social and political power networks. This collected volume of essays focuses on one of the central figures in this process, the Irish ascetic exile and monastic founder, Columbanus (c. 550-615), his travels on the Continent, and the monastic network he and his Frankish disciples established in Merovingian Gaul and Lombard Italy.\n\nThe post-Roman kingdoms through which Columbanus travelled and established his monastic foundations were made up of many different communities of peoples. As an outsider and immigrant, how did Columbanus and his communities interact with these peoples? How did they negotiate differences and what emerged from these encounters? How societies interact with outsiders can reveal the inner workings and social norms of that culture. This volume aims to explore further the strands of this vibrant contact and to consider all of the geographical spheres in which Columbanus and his monastic communities operated (Ireland, Merovingian Gaul, Alamannia, Lombard Italy) and the varieties of communities he and his successors came in contact with — whether they were royal, ecclesiastic, aristocratic, or grass-roots.\n\nTable of Contents\n\nPreface\nList of Abbreviations\nMaps\nContributors\nForeword Walter Pohl\nPart I: Columbanus in Context\nChapter 1: Introduction: Columbanus and Europe Alexander O'Hara\nChapter 2: Columbanus and the Language of Concord Damian Bracken\nPart II: The Insular Background\nChapter 3: The Political Background to Columbanus's Irish Career Dáibhí Ó Cróinín\nChapter 4: Movers and Shakers? How Women Shaped the Career of Columbanus Elva Johnston \nChapter 5: Columbanus's Ulster Education Alex Woolf \nPart III: The Frankish World \nChapter 6: Columbanus in Brittany Ian Wood \nChapter 7: Columbanus and Shunning: The Irish peregrinus between Gildas, Gaul, and Gregory Clare Stancliffe \nChapter 8: Orthodoxy and Authority: Jonas, Eustasius, and the Agrestius Affair Andreas Fischer \nChapter 9: Columbanus and the Mission to the Bavarians and the Slavs in the Seventh Century Herwig Wolfram\nPart IV: On the Fringe: Columbanus and Gallus in Alamannia \nChapter 10: Between the Devil and the deep Lake Constance: Jonas of Bobbio, interpretatio Christiana, and the Pagan Religion of the Alamanni Bernhard Maier \nChapter 11: Drinking with Woden: A Re-Examination of Jonas's Vita Columbani I. 27 Francesco Borri \nChapter 12: Between Metz and Überlingen: Columbanus and Gallus in Alamannia Yaniv Fox \nChapter 13: Quicumque sunt rebelles, foras exeant! Columbanus's Rebellious Disciple Gallus Philipp Dörler\nPart V: Lombard Italy and Columbanus's Legacy \nChapter 14: Columbanus, Bobbio, and the Lombards Stefano Gasparri\nChapter 15: Disputing Columbanus's Heritage: The Regula cuiusdam patris (with a translation of the Rule) Albrecht Diem ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57113235,"asset_id":37162200,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17298,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"O'Hara","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"AlexanderOHara","display_name":"Alexander O'Hara","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/AlexanderOHara?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17298/5801/141780272/s65_alexander.o_hara.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1218,"name":"European integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_integration?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7256,"name":"Saints' Cults","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saints_Cults?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7908,"name":"Papacy (Medieval Church History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Medieval_Church_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":9284,"name":"Early Medieval Ireland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Ireland?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10347,"name":"European Union","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Union?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":12614,"name":"Ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21987,"name":"Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monasticism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":27336,"name":"France","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/France?f_ri=14893"},{"id":28764,"name":"Merovingian period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Merovingian_period?f_ri=14893"},{"id":29842,"name":"Ireland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ireland?f_ri=14893"},{"id":45213,"name":"Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":116852,"name":"Seventh Century","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seventh_Century?f_ri=14893"},{"id":140884,"name":"Columbanus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Columbanus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":147764,"name":"Trade and travel in medieval Europe and the Mediterranean","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trade_and_travel_in_medieval_Europe_and_the_Mediterranean?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1104256,"name":"Columbanian Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Columbanian_Monasticism?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17823231 coauthored" data-work_id="17823231" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17823231/Anton%C3%ADn_Podlaha_Posv%C3%A1tn%C3%A1_m%C3%ADsta_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD_%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9ho_D%C3%ADl_VII_Vikari%C3%A1t_Slansk%C3%BD_Sacred_Sites_of_the_Czech_Kingdom_Volume_VII_Vicariate_Slansk%C3%BD_">Antonín Podlaha : Posvátná místa království Českého (Díl VII - Vikariát Slanský) / Sacred Sites of the Czech Kingdom (Volume VII - Vicariate Slanský)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">The book was published in Prague in 1913</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17823231" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f24fe97d0d16bfec3e5b319c00f17e77" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39729634,"asset_id":17823231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39729634/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33193008" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DigitallibraryUzhgorod">Digital library Bohemia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33193008" type="text/json">{"id":33193008,"first_name":"Digital library","last_name":"Bohemia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DigitallibraryUzhgorod","display_name":"Digital library Bohemia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DigitallibraryUzhgorod?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33193008/9845331/15730588/s65_digital_library.uzhgorod.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-17823231">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-17823231"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/Anton%C3%ADnPodlaha">Antonín Podlaha</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-17823231'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-17823231').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17823231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17823231"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17823231, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17823231", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17823231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17823231; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17823231"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17823231 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17823231"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17823231; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17823231]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17823231").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17823231").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17823231"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1372" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture">Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1372" type="text/json">{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1730" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_History">Czech History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1730" type="text/json">{"id":1730,"name":"Czech History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17823231]'), work: {"id":17823231,"title":"Antonín Podlaha : Posvátná místa království Českého (Díl VII - Vikariát Slanský) / Sacred Sites of the Czech Kingdom (Volume VII - Vicariate Slanský)","created_at":"2015-11-05T13:49:45.853-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17823231/Anton%C3%ADn_Podlaha_Posv%C3%A1tn%C3%A1_m%C3%ADsta_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD_%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9ho_D%C3%ADl_VII_Vikari%C3%A1t_Slansk%C3%BD_Sacred_Sites_of_the_Czech_Kingdom_Volume_VII_Vicariate_Slansk%C3%BD_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_17823231","summary":"The book was published in Prague in 1913","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39729634,"asset_id":17823231,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33193008,"first_name":"Digital library","last_name":"Bohemia","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DigitallibraryUzhgorod","display_name":"Digital library Bohemia","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DigitallibraryUzhgorod?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33193008/9845331/15730588/s65_digital_library.uzhgorod.jpg"},{"id":39443427,"first_name":"Antonín","last_name":"Podlaha","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AntonínPodlaha","display_name":"Antonín Podlaha","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Anton%C3%ADnPodlaha?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39443427/10864150/12124598/s65_anton_n.podlaha.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1730,"name":"Czech History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2475,"name":"Catholic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":6119,"name":"Czech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":38990,"name":"Bohemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bohemia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":44539,"name":"Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9845525" data-work_id="9845525" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9845525/La_barriera_presbiterale_e_il_templon_bizantino">La barriera presbiterale e il templon bizantino</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9845525" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7a804dd6087395d128df358aef7af798" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36011107,"asset_id":9845525,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36011107/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1132676" href="https://pontificalorientalinstitute.academia.edu/vincenzoruggieri">vincenzo ruggieri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1132676" type="text/json">{"id":1132676,"first_name":"vincenzo","last_name":"ruggieri","domain_name":"pontificalorientalinstitute","page_name":"vincenzoruggieri","display_name":"vincenzo ruggieri","profile_url":"https://pontificalorientalinstitute.academia.edu/vincenzoruggieri?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1132676/6352855/14463048/s65_vincenzo.ruggieri.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9845525 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9845525"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9845525, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9845525", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9845525 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9845525; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9845525"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9845525 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9845525"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9845525; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9845525]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9845525").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9845525").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9845525"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="990" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History">Late Antique and Byzantine History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="990" type="text/json">{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="991" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies">Late Antique and Byzantine Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="991" type="text/json">{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10091" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies">Byzantine Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10091" type="text/json">{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11076" type="text/json">{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9845525]'), work: {"id":9845525,"title":"La barriera presbiterale e il templon bizantino","created_at":"2014-12-20T06:00:34.869-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9845525/La_barriera_presbiterale_e_il_templon_bizantino?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_9845525","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36011107,"asset_id":9845525,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1132676,"first_name":"vincenzo","last_name":"ruggieri","domain_name":"pontificalorientalinstitute","page_name":"vincenzoruggieri","display_name":"vincenzo ruggieri","profile_url":"https://pontificalorientalinstitute.academia.edu/vincenzoruggieri?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1132676/6352855/14463048/s65_vincenzo.ruggieri.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":13890,"name":"Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14638,"name":"Byzantine Liturgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Liturgy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":56302,"name":"Patristics and Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics_and_Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":90192,"name":"Byzantine Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":125431,"name":"Byzantine art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":573901,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Archaeology, Architecture and History of Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Archaeology_Architecture_and_History_of_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1831094,"name":"Templon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Templon?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1831098,"name":"Byzantine Decoration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Decoration?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_54377184" data-work_id="54377184" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/54377184/Pentecostal_Ecumenism_The_Legacy_of_David_Du_Plessis">Pentecostal Ecumenism: The Legacy of David Du Plessis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article retrieves the historical ecumenical endeavours of David Du Plessisthe South African who ended being an American citizen and the Assemblies of God credentialed minister. From the Afrikaans community of the Apostolic Faith... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_54377184" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article retrieves the historical ecumenical endeavours of David Du Plessisthe South African who ended being an American citizen and the Assemblies of God credentialed minister. From the Afrikaans community of the Apostolic Faith Mission to the World Pentecostal Fellowship, Du Plessis laboured extensively for the acceptance of the Pentecostal and Charismatic faith into the world ecumenical formations such as World Council of Churches, mainline Protestantism and the Catholic Church. Rejected by his own denomination for ecumenical engagement, he blazed the way for the current Pentecostal ecumenical participation and ecumenism. He built the legacy that has enhanced Pentecostal and Charismatic experience and made it accommodated and understood in different ecumenical formations. The legacy he left behind includes opening doors for dialogues between Pentecostals and other Christian formations, demystifying Pentecostal fears of Christian brotherhood on a global scale, and creating some synergy between Pentecostals and non-Pentecostals as the fulfilment of Christ's desire that 'They might be One.' Although not a theologian, Du Plessis paved the way for theology of dialogue as a way of enforcing Christian fraternity especially in impacting communities with the love of Christ.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/54377184" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4e356f631f20c1d6e3678c1b00fa6ba1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70764361,"asset_id":54377184,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70764361/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13486812" href="https://ufs.academia.edu/KelebogileThomasResane">Kelebogile Thomas Resane</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13486812" type="text/json">{"id":13486812,"first_name":"Kelebogile Thomas","last_name":"Resane","domain_name":"ufs","page_name":"KelebogileThomasResane","display_name":"Kelebogile Thomas Resane","profile_url":"https://ufs.academia.edu/KelebogileThomasResane?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13486812/23258264/22349138/s65_kelebogile_thomas.resane.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_54377184 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="54377184"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 54377184, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_54377184", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_54377184 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 54377184; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_54377184"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_54377184 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="54377184"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 54377184; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=54377184]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_54377184").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_54377184").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="54377184"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19721" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19721" type="text/json">{"id":19721,"name":"Pentecostalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostalism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="144810" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecumenism_and_Interreligious_Dialogue_Theology_of_Reception_Receptive_Ecumenism_Church_History_Pente">Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue Theology of Reception Receptive Ecumenism Church History Pentecostalism and neo-Pentecostalism Catholic Charismatic Renewal Catholic Social Teaching Judaism Theology of the Laity Natural Law Yves Congar</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="144810" type="text/json">{"id":144810,"name":"Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue Theology of Reception Receptive Ecumenism Church History Pentecostalism and neo-Pentecostalism Catholic Charismatic Renewal Catholic Social Teaching Judaism Theology of the Laity Natural Law Yves Congar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecumenism_and_Interreligious_Dialogue_Theology_of_Reception_Receptive_Ecumenism_Church_History_Pente?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="482758" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostal_history">Pentecostal history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="482758" type="text/json">{"id":482758,"name":"Pentecostal history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostal_history?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=54377184]'), work: {"id":54377184,"title":"Pentecostal Ecumenism: The Legacy of David Du Plessis","created_at":"2021-09-30T10:13:18.257-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/54377184/Pentecostal_Ecumenism_The_Legacy_of_David_Du_Plessis?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_54377184","summary":"This article retrieves the historical ecumenical endeavours of David Du Plessisthe South African who ended being an American citizen and the Assemblies of God credentialed minister. From the Afrikaans community of the Apostolic Faith Mission to the World Pentecostal Fellowship, Du Plessis laboured extensively for the acceptance of the Pentecostal and Charismatic faith into the world ecumenical formations such as World Council of Churches, mainline Protestantism and the Catholic Church. Rejected by his own denomination for ecumenical engagement, he blazed the way for the current Pentecostal ecumenical participation and ecumenism. He built the legacy that has enhanced Pentecostal and Charismatic experience and made it accommodated and understood in different ecumenical formations. The legacy he left behind includes opening doors for dialogues between Pentecostals and other Christian formations, demystifying Pentecostal fears of Christian brotherhood on a global scale, and creating some synergy between Pentecostals and non-Pentecostals as the fulfilment of Christ's desire that 'They might be One.' Although not a theologian, Du Plessis paved the way for theology of dialogue as a way of enforcing Christian fraternity especially in impacting communities with the love of Christ.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70764361,"asset_id":54377184,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13486812,"first_name":"Kelebogile Thomas","last_name":"Resane","domain_name":"ufs","page_name":"KelebogileThomasResane","display_name":"Kelebogile Thomas Resane","profile_url":"https://ufs.academia.edu/KelebogileThomasResane?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13486812/23258264/22349138/s65_kelebogile_thomas.resane.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":19721,"name":"Pentecostalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostalism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":144810,"name":"Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue Theology of Reception Receptive Ecumenism Church History Pentecostalism and neo-Pentecostalism Catholic Charismatic Renewal Catholic Social Teaching Judaism Theology of the Laity Natural Law Yves Congar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecumenism_and_Interreligious_Dialogue_Theology_of_Reception_Receptive_Ecumenism_Church_History_Pente?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":482758,"name":"Pentecostal history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostal_history?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9736838" data-work_id="9736838" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9736838/_The_Spiritual_Vineyard_of_Sciences_Collection_of_Papers_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A5I%D0%A5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%A5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0">(The Spiritual Vineyard of Sciences: Collection of Papers) Вертоград наук духовный: сборник статей по истории высшего духовного образования в России ХIХ - начала ХХ века</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This collection includes eleven articles on the history of higher religious education in Russia 19th - early 20th centuries, its reforms, scientific-theological studies of scholar monks, life and activities of professors and students.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9736838" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6ea225b176a1fd4e764192a50f394280" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35921548,"asset_id":9736838,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35921548/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4219956" href="https://pstgu.academia.edu/NataliaSukhova">Natalia Sukhova</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4219956" type="text/json">{"id":4219956,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Sukhova","domain_name":"pstgu","page_name":"NataliaSukhova","display_name":"Natalia Sukhova","profile_url":"https://pstgu.academia.edu/NataliaSukhova?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4219956/1662603/2000468/s65_natalia.sukhova.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9736838 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9736838"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9736838, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9736838", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9736838 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9736838; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9736838"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9736838 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9736838"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9736838; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9736838]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9736838").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9736838").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9736838"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="389" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies">Russian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="389" type="text/json">{"id":389,"name":"Russian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6044" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology">Orthodox Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6044" type="text/json">{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Orthodox_Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7392" type="text/json">{"id":7392,"name":"Russian Orthodox Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Orthodox_Church?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9736838]'), work: {"id":9736838,"title":"(The Spiritual Vineyard of Sciences: Collection of Papers) Вертоград наук духовный: сборник статей по истории высшего духовного образования в России ХIХ - начала ХХ века","created_at":"2014-12-12T02:00:18.617-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9736838/_The_Spiritual_Vineyard_of_Sciences_Collection_of_Papers_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A5I%D0%A5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%A5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_9736838","summary":"This collection includes eleven articles on the history of higher religious education in Russia 19th - early 20th centuries, its reforms, scientific-theological studies of scholar monks, life and activities of professors and students.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35921548,"asset_id":9736838,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4219956,"first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Sukhova","domain_name":"pstgu","page_name":"NataliaSukhova","display_name":"Natalia Sukhova","profile_url":"https://pstgu.academia.edu/NataliaSukhova?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4219956/1662603/2000468/s65_natalia.sukhova.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":389,"name":"Russian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":7392,"name":"Russian Orthodox Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Orthodox_Church?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":11951,"name":"Theological Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theological_Education?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":15840,"name":"Russian Orthodoxy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Orthodoxy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":723963,"name":"History of the Russian Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Russian_Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":902242,"name":"Russian Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Theology?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38339183" data-work_id="38339183" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38339183/Reconsidering_Sergius_Bulgakov_as_a_Theologian_of_the_Eucharist">Reconsidering Sergius Bulgakov as a Theologian of the Eucharist</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Geopolitical change at the start of the 20th century wrought significant change to the study of theology. After the Russian Revolution, exiled intellectuals found their way to the West and connected with like-minded scholars. One of these... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38339183" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Geopolitical change at the start of the 20th century wrought significant change to the study of theology. After the Russian Revolution, exiled intellectuals found their way to the West and connected with like-minded scholars. One of these was Sergius Bulgakov, whose life was particularly complex: beginning as a Marxist and later returning to Orthodox Christianity, he became one of the most prominent, and contentious, theologians of the Russian diaspora. He forged ecumenical connections, including with the Fellowship of St Alban and St. Sergius. Traditionally, scholars have categorised him with the so-called “Russian School”, largely due to his sophiology. But scholars have come to question the accuracy of this categorisation. For example, Andrew Louth has proposed that Bulgakov be regarded as a theologian of the eucharist. Consideration of period documents confirms Bulgakov’s eucharistic consciousness, especially with ecumenism, corroborating Louth’s hypothesis. More research is justified into an important direction in the study of Russian diaspora theology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38339183" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0c457c1d7182a72e945ae276205a795b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58390867,"asset_id":38339183,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58390867/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59137079" href="https://divinity.academia.edu/DanielKisliakov">Daniel Kisliakov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59137079" type="text/json">{"id":59137079,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Kisliakov","domain_name":"divinity","page_name":"DanielKisliakov","display_name":"Daniel Kisliakov","profile_url":"https://divinity.academia.edu/DanielKisliakov?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59137079/18691842/24209744/s65_daniel.kisliakov.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38339183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38339183"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38339183, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38339183", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38339183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38339183; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38339183"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38339183 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38339183"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38339183; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38339183]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38339183").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38339183").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38339183"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1302" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology">Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1302" type="text/json">{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6044" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology">Orthodox Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6044" type="text/json">{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30423" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_Theology">Eucharistic Theology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="30423" type="text/json">{"id":30423,"name":"Eucharistic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38339183]'), work: {"id":38339183,"title":"Reconsidering Sergius Bulgakov as a Theologian of the Eucharist","created_at":"2019-02-12T19:16:06.469-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38339183/Reconsidering_Sergius_Bulgakov_as_a_Theologian_of_the_Eucharist?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_38339183","summary":"Geopolitical change at the start of the 20th century wrought significant change to the study of theology. After the Russian Revolution, exiled intellectuals found their way to the West and connected with like-minded scholars. One of these was Sergius Bulgakov, whose life was particularly complex: beginning as a Marxist and later returning to Orthodox Christianity, he became one of the most prominent, and contentious, theologians of the Russian diaspora. He forged ecumenical connections, including with the Fellowship of St Alban and St. Sergius. Traditionally, scholars have categorised him with the so-called “Russian School”, largely due to his sophiology. But scholars have come to question the accuracy of this categorisation. For example, Andrew Louth has proposed that Bulgakov be regarded as a theologian of the eucharist. Consideration of period documents confirms Bulgakov’s eucharistic consciousness, especially with ecumenism, corroborating Louth’s hypothesis. More research is justified into an important direction in the study of Russian diaspora theology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58390867,"asset_id":38339183,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59137079,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Kisliakov","domain_name":"divinity","page_name":"DanielKisliakov","display_name":"Daniel Kisliakov","profile_url":"https://divinity.academia.edu/DanielKisliakov?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59137079/18691842/24209744/s65_daniel.kisliakov.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":30423,"name":"Eucharistic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":32582,"name":"Eastern Orthodox Liturgical Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_Orthodox_Liturgical_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":36313,"name":"20th century Russian School and Neopatristic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/20th_century_Russian_School_and_Neopatristic_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":40605,"name":"Modern Russian Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Russian_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":67708,"name":"Sergei Bulgakov","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sergei_Bulgakov?f_ri=14893"},{"id":74068,"name":"Sergius Bulgakov","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sergius_Bulgakov?f_ri=14893"},{"id":78733,"name":"Ecumenism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecumenism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":183705,"name":"Sophiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sophiology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":308336,"name":"Modern Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":319405,"name":"Eastern Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":562247,"name":"Eucharistic ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_ecclesiology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":749270,"name":"Sergii Bulgakov","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sergii_Bulgakov?f_ri=14893"},{"id":902242,"name":"Russian Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1035519,"name":"Russian Sophiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Sophiology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1655240,"name":"Paris school of Russian theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paris_school_of_Russian_theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2511955,"name":"Sobornost","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sobornost?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1474058" data-work_id="1474058" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1474058/Lo_sfondo_prezioso_Villa_Bresciani_e_il_suo_ospite_pi%C3%B9_grande">Lo “sfondo” prezioso. Villa Bresciani e il suo “ospite” più grande</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The symposium “The found Christ” took place in Cervignano del Friuli (Udine) on Saturday, December 3, 2005, within the homonymous multi-year project (coord. scient. S. Blason Scarel and P. Casadio) dedicated to the rediscovery of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1474058" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The symposium “The found Christ” took place in Cervignano del Friuli (Udine) on Saturday, December 3, 2005, within the homonymous multi-year project (coord. scient. S. Blason Scarel and P. Casadio) dedicated to the rediscovery of the "Christ of the Countess", a colossal medieval wooden crucifix preserved in the chapel of St. Cross, the gentilitial oratory of the villa Bresciani in Cervignano. The Conference Proceedings are published two years later, enriched by further updates: in the volume the author outlines – for the first time – the history of the residence founded by the noble Bresciani family in Cervignano (the precious 'background' of the ancient sculpture) and he describes the different buildings, the dependencies and the furnishings including his famous 'guest', suggesting again the proposal that he already put forth at the symposium: that it is to be identified with the "Christ of St. Felix", a gigantic wooden crucifix seen in 1570 by the apostolic visitor Bartolomeo of Porcia & Brugnera inside the Basilica of Sts. Felix e Fortunate in Aquileia, at that time still raised although no more flourishing <br /> <br />Sabato 3 dicembre 2005 a Cervignano si svolse il convegno “Il Cristo ritrovato”, nell’ambito dell’omonimo progetto pluriennale (coordinamento scientifico: S. Blason Scarel - P. Casadio) dedicato alla riscoperta del “Cristo della Contessa”, il colossale crocifisso ligneo medievale conservato nella cappella di S. Croce, l’oratorio gentilizio della villa Bresciani a Cervignano. A due anni di distanza vede la luce il volume degli atti – arricchito da ulteriori aggiornamenti – al cui interno l’autore per la prima volta delinea le vicende storiche della dimora cervignanese fatta costruire dalla nobile famiglia Bresciani (il prezioso ‘sfondo’ dell’antica scultura) e ne descrive i diversi fabbricati, le pertinenze e l’arredo compreso il suo celebre ‘ospite’, riproponendo la proposta già avanzata durante il convegno: che esso sia da identificare con il “Cristo di San Felice”, il gigantesco crocifisso in legno visto dal visitatore apostolico Bartolomeo di Porcia e Brugnera nel 1570 all’interno della basilica aquileiese dei Santi Felice e Fortunato, all’epoca non più fiorente ma ancora in alzato</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1474058" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6df39c5053322a1a2b730cff8947654" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":11533490,"asset_id":1474058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/11533490/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="374022" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GabrieleCaiazza">Gabriele Caiazza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="374022" type="text/json">{"id":374022,"first_name":"Gabriele","last_name":"Caiazza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GabrieleCaiazza","display_name":"Gabriele Caiazza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GabrieleCaiazza?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/374022/101096/35197967/s65_gabriele.caiazza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1474058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1474058"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1474058, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1474058", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1474058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1474058; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1474058"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1474058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1474058"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1474058; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1474058]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1474058").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1474058").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1474058"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">29</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History">European History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131" type="text/json">{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History">Modern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134" type="text/json">{"id":134,"name":"Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1474058]'), work: {"id":1474058,"title":"Lo “sfondo” prezioso. Villa Bresciani e il suo “ospite” più grande","created_at":"2012-03-15T04:54:14.862-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1474058/Lo_sfondo_prezioso_Villa_Bresciani_e_il_suo_ospite_pi%C3%B9_grande?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_1474058","summary":"The symposium “The found Christ” took place in Cervignano del Friuli (Udine) on Saturday, December 3, 2005, within the homonymous multi-year project (coord. scient. S. Blason Scarel and P. Casadio) dedicated to the rediscovery of the \"Christ of the Countess\", a colossal medieval wooden crucifix preserved in the chapel of St. Cross, the gentilitial oratory of the villa Bresciani in Cervignano. The Conference Proceedings are published two years later, enriched by further updates: in the volume the author outlines – for the first time – the history of the residence founded by the noble Bresciani family in Cervignano (the precious 'background' of the ancient sculpture) and he describes the different buildings, the dependencies and the furnishings including his famous 'guest', suggesting again the proposal that he already put forth at the symposium: that it is to be identified with the \"Christ of St. Felix\", a gigantic wooden crucifix seen in 1570 by the apostolic visitor Bartolomeo of Porcia \u0026 Brugnera inside the Basilica of Sts. Felix e Fortunate in Aquileia, at that time still raised although no more flourishing\r\n\r\nSabato 3 dicembre 2005 a Cervignano si svolse il convegno “Il Cristo ritrovato”, nell’ambito dell’omonimo progetto pluriennale (coordinamento scientifico: S. Blason Scarel - P. Casadio) dedicato alla riscoperta del “Cristo della Contessa”, il colossale crocifisso ligneo medievale conservato nella cappella di S. Croce, l’oratorio gentilizio della villa Bresciani a Cervignano. A due anni di distanza vede la luce il volume degli atti – arricchito da ulteriori aggiornamenti – al cui interno l’autore per la prima volta delinea le vicende storiche della dimora cervignanese fatta costruire dalla nobile famiglia Bresciani (il prezioso ‘sfondo’ dell’antica scultura) e ne descrive i diversi fabbricati, le pertinenze e l’arredo compreso il suo celebre ‘ospite’, riproponendo la proposta già avanzata durante il convegno: che esso sia da identificare con il “Cristo di San Felice”, il gigantesco crocifisso in legno visto dal visitatore apostolico Bartolomeo di Porcia e Brugnera nel 1570 all’interno della basilica aquileiese dei Santi Felice e Fortunato, all’epoca non più fiorente ma ancora in alzato","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":11533490,"asset_id":1474058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":374022,"first_name":"Gabriele","last_name":"Caiazza","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GabrieleCaiazza","display_name":"Gabriele Caiazza","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GabrieleCaiazza?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/374022/101096/35197967/s65_gabriele.caiazza.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":134,"name":"Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2061,"name":"Genealogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genealogy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2725,"name":"Documentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Documentation?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5731,"name":"Archaeological documentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_documentation?f_ri=14893"},{"id":6560,"name":"Italian art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7256,"name":"Saints' Cults","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saints_Cults?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7655,"name":"Architectural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7885,"name":"Italian Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":13677,"name":"Early Modern Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":13966,"name":"History of Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":22386,"name":"Medieval Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26308,"name":"Church monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_monuments?f_ri=14893"},{"id":46789,"name":"Late Medieval Religion, Monasticism and Devotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Medieval_Religion_Monasticism_and_Devotion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":48660,"name":"Medieval Sculpture (XIII-XVth Century)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Sculpture_XIII-XVth_Century_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":85974,"name":"Aquileia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aquileia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":91218,"name":"Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":99891,"name":"Art and architecture associated with the medieval cult of saints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_and_architecture_associated_with_the_medieval_cult_of_saints?f_ri=14893"},{"id":170048,"name":"Friuli Venezia Giulia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Friuli_Venezia_Giulia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":332158,"name":"Medieval Goldsmithery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Goldsmithery?f_ri=14893"},{"id":431046,"name":"Cervignano","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cervignano?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4168945" data-work_id="4168945" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4168945/_La_Chiesa_di_Roma_prima_e_dopo_Costantino_Da_Vittore_189_199_a_Liberio_352_366_in_COSTANTINO_I_Enciclopedia_costantiniana_sulla_figura_e_limmagine_dellimperatore_del_cosiddetto_editto_di_Milano_Istituto_dellEnciclopedia_Italiana_vol_I_Roma_2013_pp_795_814">"La Chiesa di Roma prima e dopo Costantino. Da Vittore (189-199) a Liberio (352-366)", in : COSTANTINO I. Enciclopedia costantiniana sulla figura e l'immagine dell'imperatore del cosiddetto editto di Milano, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, vol. I, Roma 2013, pp. 795-814.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4168945" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28cb1eedde052d2f38f07f64aa64671f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51869120,"asset_id":4168945,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51869120/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3351883" href="https://magaraibleo.academia.edu/EmanueleCastelli">Emanuele Castelli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3351883" type="text/json">{"id":3351883,"first_name":"Emanuele","last_name":"Castelli","domain_name":"magaraibleo","page_name":"EmanueleCastelli","display_name":"Emanuele Castelli","profile_url":"https://magaraibleo.academia.edu/EmanueleCastelli?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3351883/1123373/54844761/s65_emanuele.castelli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4168945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4168945"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4168945, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4168945", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4168945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4168945; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4168945"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4168945 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4168945"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4168945; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4168945]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4168945").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4168945").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4168945"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">111</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl11x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4168945]'), work: {"id":4168945,"title":"\"La Chiesa di Roma prima e dopo Costantino. Da Vittore (189-199) a Liberio (352-366)\", in : COSTANTINO I. Enciclopedia costantiniana sulla figura e l'immagine dell'imperatore del cosiddetto editto di Milano, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, vol. I, Roma 2013, pp. 795-814.","created_at":"2013-08-04T03:30:53.633-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4168945/_La_Chiesa_di_Roma_prima_e_dopo_Costantino_Da_Vittore_189_199_a_Liberio_352_366_in_COSTANTINO_I_Enciclopedia_costantiniana_sulla_figura_e_limmagine_dellimperatore_del_cosiddetto_editto_di_Milano_Istituto_dellEnciclopedia_Italiana_vol_I_Roma_2013_pp_795_814?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_4168945","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51869120,"asset_id":4168945,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3351883,"first_name":"Emanuele","last_name":"Castelli","domain_name":"magaraibleo","page_name":"EmanueleCastelli","display_name":"Emanuele Castelli","profile_url":"https://magaraibleo.academia.edu/EmanueleCastelli?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3351883/1123373/54844761/s65_emanuele.castelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":397,"name":"Near Eastern Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Near_Eastern_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":827,"name":"Latin Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1730,"name":"Czech History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2280,"name":"Historical Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2561,"name":"Systematic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Systematic_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3292,"name":"Epigraphy (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epigraphy_Archaeology_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3613,"name":"Rome, City of","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rome_City_of?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3617,"name":"Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5327,"name":"Roman Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7257,"name":"Greek Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7908,"name":"Papacy (Medieval Church History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Medieval_Church_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":9754,"name":"Origins of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10099,"name":"History of Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religions?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10104,"name":"Ancient Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10409,"name":"Theology and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology_and_Culture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10695,"name":"Catholic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10713,"name":"Christology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11245,"name":"History of Roman Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Roman_Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":13506,"name":"Topography of Ancient Rome (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Topography_of_Ancient_Rome_Archaeology_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":15807,"name":"Latin Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":18121,"name":"Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperial_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":18158,"name":"Rabbinic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rabbinic_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":18159,"name":"New Testament and Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Christian_Origins?f_ri=14893"},{"id":18769,"name":"Greek","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19819,"name":"Christian Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Origins?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21578,"name":"Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21618,"name":"Late Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Empire?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21659,"name":"Christian Apologetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Apologetics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23555,"name":"Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Empire?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23866,"name":"Christianity and Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity_and_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25198,"name":"Ancient Greek Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Philosophy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25525,"name":"Early Christian Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25818,"name":"Church Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26305,"name":"Bible","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":27032,"name":"Christian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Iconography?f_ri=14893"},{"id":29844,"name":"Rome (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rome_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":43263,"name":"Patristic Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristic_Exegesis?f_ri=14893"},{"id":48437,"name":"Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":49837,"name":"Historia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":53459,"name":"Ancient magic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_magic?f_ri=14893"},{"id":53985,"name":"Patristic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristic_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":56302,"name":"Patristics and Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics_and_Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":58841,"name":"Greek and Roman Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":60667,"name":"Christian Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":61642,"name":"Catacombs of Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catacombs_of_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":64534,"name":"Constantine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constantine?f_ri=14893"},{"id":66724,"name":"Early Church Fathers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_Fathers?f_ri=14893"},{"id":69792,"name":"Ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":70805,"name":"Early Christian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":72830,"name":"Christian Epigraphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Epigraphy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":74486,"name":"Qumran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qumran?f_ri=14893"},{"id":90192,"name":"Byzantine Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":92312,"name":"late antique Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/late_antique_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":95424,"name":"Greek and Roman Art and Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Art_and_Architecture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":96685,"name":"Hippolytus of Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hippolytus_of_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":116468,"name":"Church and State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_and_State?f_ri=14893"},{"id":118875,"name":"Cultural history of the Ancient world","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_history_of_the_Ancient_world?f_ri=14893"},{"id":118997,"name":"Greco-Roman World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greco-Roman_World?f_ri=14893"},{"id":119014,"name":"Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":120070,"name":"Papal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papal_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":162166,"name":"Papacy (Early Modern and Modern Church History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Early_Modern_and_Modern_Church_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":179711,"name":"Constantine the Great, Roman Empire, Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constantine_the_Great_Roman_Empire_Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":210423,"name":"Modern Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":267727,"name":"Christian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":378963,"name":"Greek Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Patristics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":439211,"name":"Sanctuaries in Ancient Rome and Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sanctuaries_in_Ancient_Rome_and_Italy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":547223,"name":"Costantino il Grande","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costantino_il_Grande?f_ri=14893"},{"id":567839,"name":"History of Reception of Biblical Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Reception_of_Biblical_Texts?f_ri=14893"},{"id":590003,"name":"Novatian of Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Novatian_of_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":599334,"name":"Architecture and Public Spaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture_and_Public_Spaces?f_ri=14893"},{"id":625115,"name":"Catacombe di Priscilla","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catacombe_di_Priscilla?f_ri=14893"},{"id":633966,"name":"Greek and Roman Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Social_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":843735,"name":"Graeco-Roman Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":939416,"name":"Ancient Rhetoric and Poetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rhetoric_and_Poetics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":939417,"name":"Early Christian Papyri and Inscriptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Papyri_and_Inscriptions?f_ri=14893"},{"id":968316,"name":"New Testament and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament_and_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":968322,"name":"Material Culture and Religioin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_and_Religioin?f_ri=14893"},{"id":968323,"name":"Theories of Religiion and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Religiion_and_Culture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":971290,"name":"Slavistics and Orthodoxy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavistics_and_Orthodoxy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":990966,"name":"Ecclesiology \u0026 Christology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology_and_Christology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1019152,"name":"History of Judaism In Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Judaism_In_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_996462" data-work_id="996462" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/996462/Charles_de_Foucauld_a_t_il_%C3%A9t%C3%A9_un_pionnier_du_dialogue_islamo_chr%C3%A9tien_">Charles de Foucauld a-t-il été un pionnier du dialogue islamo-chrétien ?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"The man the Catholic Church solemnly beatified on November 13th 2005 was a controversial figure. Charles de Foucauld was slaughtered at Tamanrasset on December 1st 1916, at the height of the Senoussist insurrection. For a long time, he... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_996462" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"The man the Catholic Church solemnly beatified on November 13th 2005 was a controversial figure. Charles de Foucauld was slaughtered at Tamanrasset on December 1st 1916, at the height of the Senoussist insurrection. For a long time, he was held to be a figurehead of colonialisation. At present, some see him as a pioneer of Islamic-Christian dialogue. This article confronts this new image of Foucauld with what we know of his relationship with Islam. <br />– <br />(L'homme que l'Église catholique a solennellement béatifié le 13 novembre 2005 fut longtemps une figure controversée. Charles de Foucauld avait été abattu à Tamanrasset le 1er décembre 1916, au plus fort d'une insurrection où se préfiguraient les luttes anti-coloniales qui allaient jalonner le siècle. En 1927, l'évêque de Ghardaïa avait ouvert le procès destiné à statuer sur ses vertus et sa renommée de sainteté, puisque c'est par là que doit s'entamer le processus au terme duquel un homme peut éventuellement être admis au nombre des bienheureux. Ce processus est en général semé d'embûches, mais dans ce cas-là il l'avait été particulièrement. En 1956, les évêques d'Afrique du Nord avaient même demandé qu'il soit interrompu, jugeant inconvenant qu'on envisage en pleine guerre d'Algérie de béatifier un homme qui leur paraissait avoir été compromis dans la colonisation. De fait, Foucauld avait été jusque-là, selon le mot d'un biographe de l'époque, le " saint de la colonisation ". Aujourd'hui, certains veulent voir en lui un pionnier du dialogue islamo-chrétien. L'article met en regard ce nouveau visage de Foucauld et ce qu'on sait de son rapport à l'islam.)"</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/996462" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d10b8a51889e9847a744e70ac3cb71cf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":7366031,"asset_id":996462,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/7366031/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="311650" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/DominiqueCasajus">Dominique Casajus</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="311650" type="text/json">{"id":311650,"first_name":"Dominique","last_name":"Casajus","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"DominiqueCasajus","display_name":"Dominique Casajus","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/DominiqueCasajus?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/311650/62672/93133679/s65_dominique.casajus.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_996462 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="996462"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 996462, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_996462", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_996462 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 996462; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_996462"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_996462 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="996462"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 996462; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=996462]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_996462").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_996462").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="996462"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6556" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism">Colonialism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6556" type="text/json">{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12181" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_colonialism">French colonialism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12181" type="text/json">{"id":12181,"name":"French colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_colonialism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29548" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian-Muslim_Dialogue">Christian-Muslim Dialogue</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29548" type="text/json">{"id":29548,"name":"Christian-Muslim Dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian-Muslim_Dialogue?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=996462]'), work: {"id":996462,"title":"Charles de Foucauld a-t-il été un pionnier du dialogue islamo-chrétien ?","created_at":"2011-10-10T15:40:52.677-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/996462/Charles_de_Foucauld_a_t_il_%C3%A9t%C3%A9_un_pionnier_du_dialogue_islamo_chr%C3%A9tien_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_996462","summary":"\"The man the Catholic Church solemnly beatified on November 13th 2005 was a controversial figure. Charles de Foucauld was slaughtered at Tamanrasset on December 1st 1916, at the height of the Senoussist insurrection. For a long time, he was held to be a figurehead of colonialisation. At present, some see him as a pioneer of Islamic-Christian dialogue. This article confronts this new image of Foucauld with what we know of his relationship with Islam. \r\n–\r\n(L'homme que l'Église catholique a solennellement béatifié le 13 novembre 2005 fut longtemps une figure controversée. Charles de Foucauld avait été abattu à Tamanrasset le 1er décembre 1916, au plus fort d'une insurrection où se préfiguraient les luttes anti-coloniales qui allaient jalonner le siècle. En 1927, l'évêque de Ghardaïa avait ouvert le procès destiné à statuer sur ses vertus et sa renommée de sainteté, puisque c'est par là que doit s'entamer le processus au terme duquel un homme peut éventuellement être admis au nombre des bienheureux. Ce processus est en général semé d'embûches, mais dans ce cas-là il l'avait été particulièrement. En 1956, les évêques d'Afrique du Nord avaient même demandé qu'il soit interrompu, jugeant inconvenant qu'on envisage en pleine guerre d'Algérie de béatifier un homme qui leur paraissait avoir été compromis dans la colonisation. De fait, Foucauld avait été jusque-là, selon le mot d'un biographe de l'époque, le \" saint de la colonisation \". Aujourd'hui, certains veulent voir en lui un pionnier du dialogue islamo-chrétien. L'article met en regard ce nouveau visage de Foucauld et ce qu'on sait de son rapport à l'islam.)\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":7366031,"asset_id":996462,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":311650,"first_name":"Dominique","last_name":"Casajus","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"DominiqueCasajus","display_name":"Dominique Casajus","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/DominiqueCasajus?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/311650/62672/93133679/s65_dominique.casajus.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":12181,"name":"French colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_colonialism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":29548,"name":"Christian-Muslim Dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian-Muslim_Dialogue?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":35470,"name":"Inter-religious Dialogue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inter-religious_Dialogue?f_ri=14893"},{"id":52567,"name":"Holiness Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holiness_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":110843,"name":"French colonial Algeria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_colonial_Algeria?f_ri=14893"},{"id":131775,"name":"French Colonial History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_Colonial_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":416183,"name":"Charles De Foucauld","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charles_De_Foucauld?f_ri=14893"},{"id":484233,"name":"Holiness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holiness?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1450025,"name":"Charles De Foucald","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charles_De_Foucald?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4372996" data-work_id="4372996" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4372996/S_Adamiak_S_Tanzarella_La_teologia_romana_dei_secoli_XIX_e_XX_Costantino_tra_la_Chiesa_trionfante_e_la_Chiesa_dei_poveri">S. Adamiak - S. Tanzarella, La teologia romana dei secoli XIX e XX. Costantino tra la Chiesa trionfante e la Chiesa dei poveri</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4372996" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dca0535086590d13071fb33829522b38" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31810878,"asset_id":4372996,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31810878/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3108403" href="https://torun-pl.academia.edu/StanislawAdamiak">Stanisław Adamiak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3108403" type="text/json">{"id":3108403,"first_name":"Stanisław","last_name":"Adamiak","domain_name":"torun-pl","page_name":"StanislawAdamiak","display_name":"Stanisław Adamiak","profile_url":"https://torun-pl.academia.edu/StanislawAdamiak?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3108403/1623261/1958527/s65_stanislaw.adamiak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4372996 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4372996"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4372996, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4372996", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4372996 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4372996; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4372996"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4372996 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4372996"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4372996; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4372996]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4372996").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4372996").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4372996"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25885" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Vatican_Council">Second Vatican Council</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25885" type="text/json">{"id":25885,"name":"Second Vatican Council","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Vatican_Council?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="116468" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_and_State">Church and State</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="116468" type="text/json">{"id":116468,"name":"Church and State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_and_State?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="152363" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology_and_History_of_Vatican_II">Theology and History of Vatican II</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="152363" type="text/json">{"id":152363,"name":"Theology and History of Vatican II","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology_and_History_of_Vatican_II?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4372996]'), work: {"id":4372996,"title":"S. Adamiak - S. Tanzarella, La teologia romana dei secoli XIX e XX. Costantino tra la Chiesa trionfante e la Chiesa dei poveri","created_at":"2013-08-31T01:24:18.991-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4372996/S_Adamiak_S_Tanzarella_La_teologia_romana_dei_secoli_XIX_e_XX_Costantino_tra_la_Chiesa_trionfante_e_la_Chiesa_dei_poveri?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_4372996","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31810878,"asset_id":4372996,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3108403,"first_name":"Stanisław","last_name":"Adamiak","domain_name":"torun-pl","page_name":"StanislawAdamiak","display_name":"Stanisław Adamiak","profile_url":"https://torun-pl.academia.edu/StanislawAdamiak?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3108403/1623261/1958527/s65_stanislaw.adamiak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":25885,"name":"Second Vatican Council","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Vatican_Council?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":116468,"name":"Church and State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_and_State?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":152363,"name":"Theology and History of Vatican II","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology_and_History_of_Vatican_II?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":179711,"name":"Constantine the Great, Roman Empire, Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constantine_the_Great_Roman_Empire_Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":907678,"name":"Marie Dominique Chenu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marie_Dominique_Chenu?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30676954" data-work_id="30676954" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30676954/The_Eloquence_of_Appropriation_Prolegomena_to_Understanding_of_Spolia_in_Early_Christian_Rome">The Eloquence of Appropriation. Prolegomena to Understanding of Spolia in Early Christian Rome</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Preface; I. Introduction: I.1 Prelude "To Imitate the Bees"; I.2 Towards an Interpretation of Spolia: Delimitations and Methods; I.3 Reuse The Development of a New Architectural Practice; II. Translatio of Materials: II.1 Fragments and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30676954" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Preface; I. Introduction: I.1 Prelude "To Imitate the Bees"; I.2 Towards an Interpretation of Spolia: Delimitations and Methods; I.3 Reuse The Development of a New Architectural Practice; II. Translatio of Materials: II.1 Fragments and Fragmentation. The Disposition of Spolia in Church Buildings; II.2 Translations and Transferences: Christian Versions of Roman Architecture; II.3 The Aesthetics of Appropriation Eclecticism, Variety, and Antithetical Harmonies; III. Translatio of Meanings: III.1 Breaking Down the Past Rejections of Rationality; III.2 "Seeing the invisible" Towards a New Metaphorical Architecture; III.3 To "Strip Error Bare" The Rhetoric of Transformation; IV. Translatio of Time: IV.1 "Novelty in the Old and Age in the New". The Rhetoric of Renovation; IV.2 Recollecting the Past Spolia and Historical Consciousness; IV.3 Inventing the Past: Spolia and the Ideology of Classicism; Bibliography; List of Illustrations; Photo Credits; Index.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30676954" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ff9551084c505722bfb213862339c2de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51117997,"asset_id":30676954,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51117997/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4316814" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LERMAdiBRETSCHNEIDER">L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER, Publisher</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4316814" type="text/json">{"id":4316814,"first_name":"L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER,","last_name":"Publisher","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LERMAdiBRETSCHNEIDER","display_name":"L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER, Publisher","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LERMAdiBRETSCHNEIDER?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4316814/1728347/15923094/s65_l_erma_di_bretschneider.publishers.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30676954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30676954"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30676954, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30676954", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30676954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30676954; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30676954"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30676954 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30676954"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30676954; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30676954]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30676954").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30676954").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30676954"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">27</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="393" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology">Classical Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="393" type="text/json">{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="816" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics">Classics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="816" type="text/json">{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="990" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History">Late Antique and Byzantine History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="990" type="text/json">{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30676954]'), work: {"id":30676954,"title":"The Eloquence of Appropriation. Prolegomena to Understanding of Spolia in Early Christian Rome","created_at":"2016-12-30T01:56:20.412-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30676954/The_Eloquence_of_Appropriation_Prolegomena_to_Understanding_of_Spolia_in_Early_Christian_Rome?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_30676954","summary":"Preface; I. Introduction: I.1 Prelude \"To Imitate the Bees\"; I.2 Towards an Interpretation of Spolia: Delimitations and Methods; I.3 Reuse The Development of a New Architectural Practice; II. Translatio of Materials: II.1 Fragments and Fragmentation. The Disposition of Spolia in Church Buildings; II.2 Translations and Transferences: Christian Versions of Roman Architecture; II.3 The Aesthetics of Appropriation Eclecticism, Variety, and Antithetical Harmonies; III. Translatio of Meanings: III.1 Breaking Down the Past Rejections of Rationality; III.2 \"Seeing the invisible\" Towards a New Metaphorical Architecture; III.3 To \"Strip Error Bare\" The Rhetoric of Transformation; IV. Translatio of Time: IV.1 \"Novelty in the Old and Age in the New\". The Rhetoric of Renovation; IV.2 Recollecting the Past Spolia and Historical Consciousness; IV.3 Inventing the Past: Spolia and the Ideology of Classicism; Bibliography; List of Illustrations; Photo Credits; Index.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51117997,"asset_id":30676954,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4316814,"first_name":"L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER,","last_name":"Publisher","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LERMAdiBRETSCHNEIDER","display_name":"L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER, Publisher","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LERMAdiBRETSCHNEIDER?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4316814/1728347/15923094/s65_l_erma_di_bretschneider.publishers.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7172,"name":"Early Medieval Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":13966,"name":"History of Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23065,"name":"Early Middle Ages (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Middle_Ages_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23866,"name":"Christianity and Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity_and_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25525,"name":"Early Christian Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":28825,"name":"Early Medieval Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":45498,"name":"Early Christian Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_Architecture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":69792,"name":"Ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":80644,"name":"early Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/early_Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893"},{"id":81894,"name":"Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893"},{"id":84312,"name":"Paleochristian and Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleochristian_and_Late_Antique_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":84391,"name":"Spolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spolia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":88760,"name":"Classics: Ancient History and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics_Ancient_History_and_Archaeology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":92312,"name":"late antique Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/late_antique_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":429702,"name":"Rome (early christian and late antique)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rome_early_christian_and_late_antique_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":591515,"name":"Roman Spolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Spolia?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10150115" data-work_id="10150115" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10150115/COUSEIRO_ou_Mem%C3%B3rias_do_Bispado_de_Leiria">COUSEIRO ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Couseiro ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria é o livro mais notável da bibliografia de Leiria, cobrindo principalmente os finais do século XVI até à primeira parte do século XVII. Dele se conhecem três edições: uma, datada de 1868, da... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10150115" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Couseiro ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria é o livro mais notável da bibliografia de Leiria, cobrindo principalmente os finais do século XVI até à primeira parte do século XVII. Dele se conhecem três edições: uma, datada de 1868, da responsabilidade do P.e Inácio José de Matos, eclesiástico do Bispado de Leiria; uma segunda, da responsabilidade do mesmo eclesiástico, de 1898, mas cujo título foi ligeiramente alterado para O Couzeiro ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria, com apêndice; e uma terceira edição, que é a reimpressão da primeira, da responsabilidade do P.e António Francisco Pereira e publicada, primeiro, em fascículos no jornal "O Mensageiro", de 25 de Maio de 1978 a 25 de Setembro de 1980, e, depois, em livro encadernado, sem data. Estas edições, contudo, não são mais do que a transcrição de cópias de um manuscrito escrito entre os finais do século XVI e meados do século XVII, já desaparecido, mas que têm diferenças importantes, como escreve o P.e Inácio José de Matos no prefácio à segunda edição, de 1898. Na presente edição, a 4.ª, que é uma transcrição da 2.ª, foram igualmente incluídos, e pela mesma ordem, diversos suplementos que atingem mais de centena e meia de páginas com informação diversa relativa ao século XIX, dos diversos seminários e outros institutos religiosos à ordem da procissão de Corpo de Deus antes da invasão francesa, ao testamento do enforcado João Amado e às doenças das vinhas, terminando com dois opúsculos, um sobre a «Confirmação da Fundação da Sé Catedral de Leiria na pessoa do seu verdadeiro fundador» e outro transcrevendo uma boa parte do processo de supressão do Bispado. <br />Procurada por investigadores ou simples curiosos das antiguidades de Leiria, esta edição do Couseiro não é ainda a edição crítica que todos desejaríamos, mas é uma edição cuidada que, por certo, satisfará todos os que, desejando aceder-lhe, não a encontravam no mercado</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10150115" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dc03ba27f9c2bd00c811d310a957f756" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36258293,"asset_id":10150115,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36258293/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14388631" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RicardoChartersdAzevedo">Ricardo Charters-d'Azevedo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14388631" type="text/json">{"id":14388631,"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Charters-d'Azevedo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RicardoChartersdAzevedo","display_name":"Ricardo Charters-d'Azevedo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RicardoChartersdAzevedo?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14388631/3925920/4590192/s65_ricardo.charters-d_azevedo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10150115 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10150115"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10150115, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10150115", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10150115 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10150115; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10150115"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10150115 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10150115"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10150115; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10150115]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10150115").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10150115").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10150115"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49837" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia">Historia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49837" type="text/json">{"id":49837,"name":"Historia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="104788" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria">História</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="104788" type="text/json">{"id":104788,"name":"História","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10150115]'), work: {"id":10150115,"title":"COUSEIRO ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria","created_at":"2015-01-13T15:19:55.235-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10150115/COUSEIRO_ou_Mem%C3%B3rias_do_Bispado_de_Leiria?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_10150115","summary":"Couseiro ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria é o livro mais notável da bibliografia de Leiria, cobrindo principalmente os finais do século XVI até à primeira parte do século XVII. Dele se conhecem três edições: uma, datada de 1868, da responsabilidade do P.e Inácio José de Matos, eclesiástico do Bispado de Leiria; uma segunda, da responsabilidade do mesmo eclesiástico, de 1898, mas cujo título foi ligeiramente alterado para O Couzeiro ou Memórias do Bispado de Leiria, com apêndice; e uma terceira edição, que é a reimpressão da primeira, da responsabilidade do P.e António Francisco Pereira e publicada, primeiro, em fascículos no jornal \"O Mensageiro\", de 25 de Maio de 1978 a 25 de Setembro de 1980, e, depois, em livro encadernado, sem data. Estas edições, contudo, não são mais do que a transcrição de cópias de um manuscrito escrito entre os finais do século XVI e meados do século XVII, já desaparecido, mas que têm diferenças importantes, como escreve o P.e Inácio José de Matos no prefácio à segunda edição, de 1898. Na presente edição, a 4.ª, que é uma transcrição da 2.ª, foram igualmente incluídos, e pela mesma ordem, diversos suplementos que atingem mais de centena e meia de páginas com informação diversa relativa ao século XIX, dos diversos seminários e outros institutos religiosos à ordem da procissão de Corpo de Deus antes da invasão francesa, ao testamento do enforcado João Amado e às doenças das vinhas, terminando com dois opúsculos, um sobre a «Confirmação da Fundação da Sé Catedral de Leiria na pessoa do seu verdadeiro fundador» e outro transcrevendo uma boa parte do processo de supressão do Bispado.\r\nProcurada por investigadores ou simples curiosos das antiguidades de Leiria, esta edição do Couseiro não é ainda a edição crítica que todos desejaríamos, mas é uma edição cuidada que, por certo, satisfará todos os que, desejando aceder-lhe, não a encontravam no mercado","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36258293,"asset_id":10150115,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14388631,"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Charters-d'Azevedo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RicardoChartersdAzevedo","display_name":"Ricardo Charters-d'Azevedo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RicardoChartersdAzevedo?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14388631/3925920/4590192/s65_ricardo.charters-d_azevedo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":49837,"name":"Historia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":104788,"name":"História","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":345496,"name":"Diocesis history - Leiria-Fátima","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diocesis_history_-_Leiria-Fatima?f_ri=14893"},{"id":412259,"name":"Igreja Católica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Igreja_Catolica?f_ri=14893"},{"id":873832,"name":"Leiria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leiria?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44494963" data-work_id="44494963" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44494963/Los_estatutos_medievales_del_cabildo_colegial_de_Jerez_de_la_Frontera_1484_">Los estatutos medievales del cabildo colegial de Jerez de la Frontera (1484)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44494963" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8323ae794a31f0912c4a3717a8d0a0b7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64929206,"asset_id":44494963,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64929206/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1916985" href="https://circulodelestrecho.academia.edu/JavierEJim%C3%A9nezL%C3%B3pezdeEguileta">Javier E. Jiménez López de Eguileta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1916985" type="text/json">{"id":1916985,"first_name":"Javier E.","last_name":"Jiménez López de Eguileta","domain_name":"circulodelestrecho","page_name":"JavierEJiménezLópezdeEguileta","display_name":"Javier E. Jiménez López de Eguileta","profile_url":"https://circulodelestrecho.academia.edu/JavierEJim%C3%A9nezL%C3%B3pezdeEguileta?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1916985/648050/31477801/s65_javier_e..jim_nez_l_pez_de_eguileta.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44494963 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44494963"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44494963, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44494963", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44494963 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44494963; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44494963"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44494963 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44494963"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44494963; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44494963]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44494963").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44494963").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44494963"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2853" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2853" type="text/json">{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7637" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleography">Paleography</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7637" type="text/json">{"id":7637,"name":"Paleography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleography?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44494963]'), work: {"id":44494963,"title":"Los estatutos medievales del cabildo colegial de Jerez de la Frontera (1484)","created_at":"2020-11-13T12:06:57.903-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44494963/Los_estatutos_medievales_del_cabildo_colegial_de_Jerez_de_la_Frontera_1484_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_44494963","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64929206,"asset_id":44494963,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1916985,"first_name":"Javier E.","last_name":"Jiménez López de Eguileta","domain_name":"circulodelestrecho","page_name":"JavierEJiménezLópezdeEguileta","display_name":"Javier E. Jiménez López de Eguileta","profile_url":"https://circulodelestrecho.academia.edu/JavierEJim%C3%A9nezL%C3%B3pezdeEguileta?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1916985/648050/31477801/s65_javier_e..jim_nez_l_pez_de_eguileta.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":7637,"name":"Paleography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleography?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":8047,"name":"Codicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codicology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26891,"name":"Manuscripts (Medieval Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscripts_Medieval_Studies_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26892,"name":"Codicology of medieval manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Codicology_of_medieval_manuscripts?f_ri=14893"},{"id":52454,"name":"Medieval Manuscripts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Manuscripts?f_ri=14893"},{"id":108906,"name":"Historia Medieval","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Medieval?f_ri=14893"},{"id":139360,"name":"Diplomática","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diplom%C3%A1tica?f_ri=14893"},{"id":139702,"name":"Edad Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Edad_Media?f_ri=14893"},{"id":249684,"name":"Sevilla","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sevilla?f_ri=14893"},{"id":298776,"name":"Cabildos catedralicios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cabildos_catedralicios?f_ri=14893"},{"id":332934,"name":"historia de la Iglesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/historia_de_la_Iglesia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":397113,"name":"Historia de Cádiz","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_Cadiz?f_ri=14893"},{"id":397417,"name":"Manuscritos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscritos?f_ri=14893"},{"id":418787,"name":"Critical edition of medieval documents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_edition_of_medieval_documents?f_ri=14893"},{"id":473785,"name":"Historia medieval de Andalucía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_medieval_de_Andalucia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":478327,"name":"Jerez de la Frontera","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jerez_de_la_Frontera?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36829747 coauthored" data-work_id="36829747" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36829747/The_dumb_child_contribution_to_the_study_of_the_iconogenesis_of_the_dunce_cap">The dumb child: contribution to the study of the iconogenesis of the dunce cap</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article aims to develop a cultural history of the ancient punishment of the cappello d’asino (literaly «ass cap») in Italian schools (but historically used in European schools from the 16th to the 20th Century), which will be analysed... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36829747" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article aims to develop a cultural history of the ancient punishment of the cappello d’asino (literaly «ass cap») in Italian schools (but historically used in European schools from the 16th to the 20th Century), which will be analysed from an iconogenetic viewpoint in an attempt to highlight its symbolic roots. This, because an exploration of the practice reveals a fairly complex iconogenesis. On the one hand, the dunce’s cap stems from the late medieval custom of stigmatising the madness of fools and jesters with a hat characterised by animal attributes such as donkeys’ or other animals’ ears. On the other hand, the practice reveals strong links with the ancient practice of marking heretics and infidels with a pointed hat, from the pileus cornutus used to distinguish Jews, to the capirote imposed on people sentenced for religious motives by the Spanish Inquisition. The obligation to publicly wear such headgear was designed to impart public visibility to the wearers’ intellectual or spiritual deviance and to expose them to public contempt in order to oust them from the community of the faithful. In the following centuries, on the contrary, the symbolic significance of the pointed hat became so deeply rooted in people’s culture that it pervaded the school environment too. Thus the obligation for dumb pupils to wear the school version of this headgear (ass cap) began to mark their ousting from the micro-community of the classroom and to stigmatise their refusal (or inability) to learn: a refusal that was considered akin to down-right apostasy, equating the renunciation of reason (by fools) with the abandonment of faith (by heretics). Drawing on Foucault’s and Bourdieu’s research on the hegemonic nature of the modern educational system, it is also interesting to notice how this and other school punishments did not stem from an educational matrix only but, rather, descended from public systems for the control and repression of social and religious deviance (in this regard, a similar parallel will be established with the masks of shame) – although transferred to a symbolic level and adapted to the “condemned”, to their age and their physical and mental ability to endure punishment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36829747" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b6b3ef64d1dbe1194c09e70ef243f4dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56781632,"asset_id":36829747,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56781632/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1163212" href="https://unimc.academia.edu/JuriMeda">Juri Meda</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1163212" type="text/json">{"id":1163212,"first_name":"Juri","last_name":"Meda","domain_name":"unimc","page_name":"JuriMeda","display_name":"Juri Meda","profile_url":"https://unimc.academia.edu/JuriMeda?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1163212/411835/6859139/s65_juri.meda.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-36829747">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-36829747"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unimc.academia.edu/MartaBrunelli">Marta Brunelli</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-36829747'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-36829747').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36829747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36829747"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36829747, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36829747", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36829747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36829747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36829747"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36829747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36829747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36829747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36829747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36829747").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36829747").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36829747"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">30</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2196" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Education">History of Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2196" type="text/json">{"id":2196,"name":"History of Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Education?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2858" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture">Popular Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2858" type="text/json">{"id":2858,"name":"Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36829747]'), work: {"id":36829747,"title":"The dumb child: contribution to the study of the iconogenesis of the dunce cap","created_at":"2018-06-12T07:26:12.499-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36829747/The_dumb_child_contribution_to_the_study_of_the_iconogenesis_of_the_dunce_cap?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_36829747","summary":"The article aims to develop a cultural history of the ancient punishment of the cappello d’asino (literaly «ass cap») in Italian schools (but historically used in European schools from the 16th to the 20th Century), which will be analysed from an iconogenetic viewpoint in an attempt to highlight its symbolic roots. This, because an exploration of the practice reveals a fairly complex iconogenesis. On the one hand, the dunce’s cap stems from the late medieval custom of stigmatising the madness of fools and jesters with a hat characterised by animal attributes such as donkeys’ or other animals’ ears. On the other hand, the practice reveals strong links with the ancient practice of marking heretics and infidels with a pointed hat, from the pileus cornutus used to distinguish Jews, to the capirote imposed on people sentenced for religious motives by the Spanish Inquisition. The obligation to publicly wear such headgear was designed to impart public visibility to the wearers’ intellectual or spiritual deviance and to expose them to public contempt in order to oust them from the community of the faithful. In the following centuries, on the contrary, the symbolic significance of the pointed hat became so deeply rooted in people’s culture that it pervaded the school environment too. Thus the obligation for dumb pupils to wear the school version of this headgear (ass cap) began to mark their ousting from the micro-community of the classroom and to stigmatise their refusal (or inability) to learn: a refusal that was considered akin to down-right apostasy, equating the renunciation of reason (by fools) with the abandonment of faith (by heretics). Drawing on Foucault’s and Bourdieu’s research on the hegemonic nature of the modern educational system, it is also interesting to notice how this and other school punishments did not stem from an educational matrix only but, rather, descended from public systems for the control and repression of social and religious deviance (in this regard, a similar parallel will be established with the masks of shame) – although transferred to a symbolic level and adapted to the “condemned”, to their age and their physical and mental ability to endure punishment.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56781632,"asset_id":36829747,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1163212,"first_name":"Juri","last_name":"Meda","domain_name":"unimc","page_name":"JuriMeda","display_name":"Juri Meda","profile_url":"https://unimc.academia.edu/JuriMeda?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1163212/411835/6859139/s65_juri.meda.jpg"},{"id":4190361,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Brunelli","domain_name":"unimc","page_name":"MartaBrunelli","display_name":"Marta Brunelli","profile_url":"https://unimc.academia.edu/MartaBrunelli?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4190361/1664969/124518701/s65_marta.brunelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2196,"name":"History of Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Education?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2858,"name":"Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":11483,"name":"Cultural Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Memory?f_ri=14893"},{"id":12605,"name":"History of Scholarship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Scholarship?f_ri=14893"},{"id":13950,"name":"Collective Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Memory?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":89696,"name":"Storia della chiesa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_della_chiesa?f_ri=14893"},{"id":93393,"name":"Cultura Popular","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultura_Popular?f_ri=14893"},{"id":102169,"name":"Histoire de l'Église","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histoire_de_l%C3%89glise?f_ri=14893"},{"id":114452,"name":"Storia Delle Istituzioni Medievali","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_Delle_Istituzioni_Medievali?f_ri=14893"},{"id":114566,"name":"Historia Cultural","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Cultural?f_ri=14893"},{"id":119058,"name":"História Da Educação","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria_Da_Educa%C3%A7%C3%A3o?f_ri=14893"},{"id":147682,"name":"Historia de la Educación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_la_Educaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=14893"},{"id":330495,"name":"Memoria Colectiva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memoria_Colectiva?f_ri=14893"},{"id":353154,"name":"Storia dell'educazione","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_delleducazione?f_ri=14893"},{"id":366280,"name":"Storia Della Scuola E Delle Istituzioni Educative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_Della_Scuola_E_Delle_Istituzioni_Educative?f_ri=14893"},{"id":374618,"name":"Histoire culturelle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histoire_culturelle?f_ri=14893"},{"id":440313,"name":"Mémoire Collective","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memoire_Collective?f_ri=14893"},{"id":625344,"name":"Histoire De L'éducation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histoire_De_L%C3%A9ducation?f_ri=14893"},{"id":692843,"name":"Historia de la Iglesia católica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_la_Iglesia_catolica?f_ri=14893"},{"id":694018,"name":"Storia culturale e sociale del Medioevo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_culturale_e_sociale_del_Medioevo?f_ri=14893"},{"id":727494,"name":"Storia Dell'educazione Di Genere","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_Delleducazione_Di_Genere?f_ri=14893"},{"id":727496,"name":"Storia Sociale Dell'educazione","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_Sociale_Delleducazione?f_ri=14893"},{"id":981594,"name":"Historia Y Teoría De La Educación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Y_Teoria_De_La_Educacion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1480773,"name":"História da Igreja Católica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_da_Igreja_Catolica?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2008828,"name":"Storia culturale del crimine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_culturale_del_crimine?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2008829,"name":"Storia culturale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storia_culturale?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2872377,"name":"memoria collettiva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/memoria_collettiva?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61083112" data-work_id="61083112" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61083112/Gnostica_Judaica_Catholica_Collected_Essays_of_Gilles_Quispel_edited_by_Johannes_van_Oort_Nag_Hammadi_and_Manichaean_Studies_Volume_55_Leiden_Boston_E_J_Brill_2008_XXXVII_823_pp_">Gnostica, Judaica, Catholica: Collected Essays of Gilles Quispel, edited by Johannes van Oort, Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies, Volume 55, Leiden-Boston: E.J. Brill 2008, XXXVII + 823 pp..</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61083112" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2ab6d92348d793ed0677c90a34f124de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74249625,"asset_id":61083112,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74249625/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3810490" href="https://up-za.academia.edu/JohannesvanOort">Johannes van Oort</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3810490" type="text/json">{"id":3810490,"first_name":"Johannes","last_name":"van Oort","domain_name":"up-za","page_name":"JohannesvanOort","display_name":"Johannes van Oort","profile_url":"https://up-za.academia.edu/JohannesvanOort?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3810490/1772546/21125063/s65_johannes.van_oort.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61083112 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61083112"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61083112, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61083112", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61083112 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61083112; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61083112"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61083112 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61083112"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61083112; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61083112]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61083112").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61083112").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61083112"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="110" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="110" type="text/json">{"id":110,"name":"Gnosticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61083112]'), work: {"id":61083112,"title":"Gnostica, Judaica, Catholica: Collected Essays of Gilles Quispel, edited by Johannes van Oort, Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies, Volume 55, Leiden-Boston: E.J. Brill 2008, XXXVII + 823 pp..","created_at":"2021-11-05T23:28:11.779-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61083112/Gnostica_Judaica_Catholica_Collected_Essays_of_Gilles_Quispel_edited_by_Johannes_van_Oort_Nag_Hammadi_and_Manichaean_Studies_Volume_55_Leiden_Boston_E_J_Brill_2008_XXXVII_823_pp_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_61083112","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74249625,"asset_id":61083112,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3810490,"first_name":"Johannes","last_name":"van Oort","domain_name":"up-za","page_name":"JohannesvanOort","display_name":"Johannes van Oort","profile_url":"https://up-za.academia.edu/JohannesvanOort?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3810490/1772546/21125063/s65_johannes.van_oort.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":110,"name":"Gnosticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25988,"name":"Dutch Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dutch_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":103683,"name":"University of Utrecht","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/University_of_Utrecht?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35601453" data-work_id="35601453" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35601453/Klasztor_w_spo%C5%82ecze%C5%84stwie_%C5%9Bredniowiecznym_i_nowo%C5%BCytnym_Monastery_in_a_medieval_and_modern_society_">Klasztor w społeczeństwie średniowiecznym i nowożytnym [Monastery in a medieval and modern society]</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Contens Table des matières, Inhalt, Table of Contents, pp. 8–10 Preface, pp. 18–20 SYNTHESIS TESTS I.1.General problems Bert Demyttenaere, The Claustralization of the World, s. 23–41 Marek Derwich, pp. 43–54, Résumé: La place du... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35601453" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Contens <br />Table des matières, Inhalt, Table of Contents, pp. 8–10 <br />Preface, pp. 18–20 <br />SYNTHESIS TESTS <br />I.1.General problems <br />Bert Demyttenaere, The Claustralization of the World, s. 23–41 <br />Marek Derwich, pp. 43–54, Résumé: La place du monachisme à la société médiévale et moderne, p. 53 <br />Małgorzata Borkowska, pp. 55–63; Summary: Nuns as trouble shooters: Demands made to convents in XVII–XVIIIth century Poland, pp. 62–63 <br />I.2.  Silesia and Poland <br />Jerzy Rajman, pp. 67–73; Summary: Medieval monasteries in Upper Silesia. The problem of environment and the range of social effect, pp. 72–73 <br />Przemysław Wiszewski, pp. 75–90; Summary: The female benedictine abbey of the Holy Corps in Legnica in the Silesian society (1348–1538), p. 90 <br />Aleksander Andrzejewski, Leszek Kajzer, Janusz Pietrzak,  pp. 91–103; Zusammenfassung: Das Konvers-haus in Rudy, pp. 100–101 <br />Gabriela Wąs, pp. 105–126; Zusammenfassung: Franziskaner in der Gesellschaft Schlesiens im Mittelalter und Neuzeit, pp. 125–126 <br />Zbigniew Zyglewski, pp. 127–142; Zusammenfassung: Klösterfoundation der Kronmachthaber in der Jagiellonnenzeit. Problemübersicht, pp. 141–142 <br />Małgorzata Maciszewska, pp. 143–153; Résumé: La place des couvents de franciscains de l’observance à la société Polonaise, pp. 152–153 <br />II. MEANS AND METHODS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE MONASTERY AND SOCIETY <br />II.1.  Liturgy and cult <br />Henryk Fros,, pp. 157–167, Résumé: Les moines-hagiographes et la première période de la christianisation de la Pologne (jusqu’à 1034), p. 167 <br />Marian Kanior, pp. 169–180; Summary: The shrine of God's mother of consolation in Górka Duchowna (17th–19th centuries), pp. 179–180 <br />Roman Stelmach,  pp. 181–189; Zusammenfassung: Die schlesischen Ablassurkunden bis Ende des XV. Jahrhunderts, p. 189 <br />Jarosław Wenta, pp. 191–198; Zusammenfassung: Zisterzienserhistoriographie und Memoire am Beispiel Heinrichau, Leubus und Oliva, p. 198 <br />Rościsław Żerelik, pp. 199–210; Zusammenfassung: Die Verstobenegemeinschaft im Licht der ältesten Eintraugungen im Nekrolog aus Heinrichau, p. 209–210 <br />Maria Starnawska, pp. 211–219; Zusammenfassung: Das Nekrologum des schlesichen Kreuzherren mit dem Rotten Stern (die Handschrift der Universitätbibliothek in Breslau IV.Q.19A) als Quelle zur Erforschung des Milieus und der Kontakten des Ordens, p. 219 <br />II.2. Cultural <br />Wojciech Mrozowicz, pp. 223–232; Zusammenfassung: Die Benediktinischen Bücher und Bibliotheken in der polnischen Gesellschaft in Mittelalter und Neuzeit. Beispiel Kleinpolens, p. 232 <br />Ewa Zielińska, pp. 233–239; Résumé: Relations du monastère des chanoines réguliers de Kraśnik avec son entourage social dans la deuxième moitié du XVe et au cours du XVIe siècles, vues à travers sa bibliothèque, p. 239 <br />Ivan Hlaváček, pp. 241–246; Zusammenfassung: Klöster und ihr Schwulwesen im Vorhussitischen Böhmen, p. 246 <br />Anna Jaroszewska, pp. 247–256; Zusammenfassung: Die Förderung der Kunst der Breslauer Prämonstratenser im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert, pp. 255–256 <br />3. Wizualne / Visual <br />Pavel R. Pokorný, pp. 259–264; Zusammenfassung: Die Klosterwappen in den böhmischen Ländern, pp. 263–264 <br />Piotr Dymmel, pp. 265–290; Résumé: Le décor héraldique du XVe siècle dans la galerie du monastère de Łysa Góra. Reconstitution, genèse et programme héraldique, p. 282 <br />Walentyna Węgrzyn-Klisowska, pp. 291–294; Zusammenfassung: Schauspiele und Passionenspiele in mittelalterischen schlesichen Klöstern, pp. 293–294 <br />Zygmunt Świechowski, pp. 295–310; Résumé: La Genèse du dècor architectural dans l' architecture cistercienne de la Petite-Pologne, pp. 301–302 <br />Krystyna Białoskórska, pp. 311–343; Résumé: Les monastères et le problème du développement des traditions et des milieux artistiques Polonais au XIIIe siècle, p. 332 <br />III.  IN THE COUNTRY <br />Magdalena Żurek, pp. 347–354; Résumé: Le patronage de la famille de Mieszko III le Vieux sur l’abbaye bénédictine à Lubiń, p. 354 <br />Wojciech Iwańczak,  pp. 355–362, Summary: Hroznata – noble, crusader, monastic founder, p. 362 <br />Marie Bláhová, pp. 363–368; Zusammenfassung: Die Zisterzienser im Dienste der böhmischen Politik unter den letzten Přemysliden und bei der Thronbesteigung der Luxemburger, p. 368 <br />Jerzy Augustyniak, pp. 369–387; Summary: Defensive functions of monasteries as exemplified by the cistercian abbey at Sulejów, p. 382 <br />Antoni Barciak,  pp. 389–393, Zusammenfassung: Die Fürsten von Oberschlesien und das Zisterzienserkloster in Rudy (Rauden), p. 393 <br />Stanisław A. Sroka, pp. 395–397; Zusammenfassung: Die Gönnerschaft der Teschiner Hedwig von Piast († 1521) über die Kartause zu Lapis Refugii im Spisz, p. 397 <br />Jan Harasimowicz,  pp. 399–416; Zusammenfassung: Die Aufhebung der Klöster in der Neumark im 16. Jh., p. 406 <br />IV. IN LOCAL COMMUNITY <br />IV.1.  Rural <br />Petr Sommer,  pp. 419–424; Zusammenfassung: Die benediktische Abtei in Sázava und ihr Laienhinterland, pp. 422–423 <br />Krzysztof Kaczmarek, pp. 425–432; Zusammenfassung: Sind die Mönche aus dem Kloster Wieluń im Jahre 1309 wirklich von den Einwohnern von Mochy getötet worden?, pp. 431–432 <br />Anna Pobóg-Lenartowicz, pp. 433–444; Zusammenfassung: Gesselschaftverhältnisse im Güter der Regulierten Chorherren (Augustiner) Abtei zur heilige Maria auf dem Sand in Breslau bis Ende des XV. Jhrs, p. 444 <br />Marek Słoń,  pp. 445–450; Zusammenfassung: Die Leute von Rechnungsbüchern. Das Hospital zum Hl. Geist in Breslau im Spätmittelalter, pp. 449–450 <br />IV.2.  City <br />Jan Pařez, pp. 453–461; Summary: Prague monasteries between middle and early modern ages their position and specificity in a town organism (Illustrated on Exemples of Premonstratensian Strahov and Augustinian-Hermit St. Catherine), p. 461 <br />Krzysztof Guzikowski, pp. 463–470; Zusammenfassung: Die Stadt – ein Mitbewerber oder ein Verbündete der Zisterzienser? Am Beispiel der Abtei von Kolbatz (Kołbacz), p. 469 <br />Krzysztof Bracha, pp. 471–481; Zusammenfassung: Errores des Augustiners-Eremiten Werners von Freidenberg im Lichte der Heidelberger Inquisition aus dem Jahre 1405, pp. 480–481 <br />Jan Łosowski, pp. 483–493; Résumé: Les autorités et la chancellerie jésuites dans une petite ville au XVIIIe siècle. Exemple de Michów, pp. 492–493 <br />V. VARIA <br />Andrzej Radzimiński, pp. 497–509; Zusammenfassung: Die Bemerkungen über die Beziehungen der Mönchklöster und Klöster der Regularkanoniker mit dein Domkapiteln in mittelalterischen Polen, pp. 508–509 <br />Dariusz Karczewski, pp. 511–518; Zusammenfassung: Anstrengungen von den Präposituren aus Trzemeszno um den Abttitel, p. 518 <br />Krzysztof Skupieński, pp. 519–526; Résumé: Les couvents, influencèrent-ils le développement du notariat public en Pologne avant le début du XVe siècle?, p. 526 <br />Maurycy Lucjan Niedziela, pp. 527–538; Summary: The superiors of the dominican priory in Borek Stary; Their background, education, mentality, and social influence in 1668-1821, p. 538 <br />Beata Kwiatkowska-Kopka, Waldemar Gliński, Janusz Firlet, pp., 539–545; Zusammenfassung: Die neuesten archäologischen Forschungen in der Zisterzienser-Abtei Jędrzejów, p. 541 <br />SESSION CONCLUSION <br />Ivan Hlaváček, Krótkie zakończenie [Short ending], pp. 549–551 <br />Spis uczestników [List of participants], pp. 553–556</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35601453" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="003529e105dc9f4fe0489e18b57de99a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55468634,"asset_id":35601453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55468634/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31478992" href="https://wroc.academia.edu/MarekDerwich">Marek Derwich</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31478992" type="text/json">{"id":31478992,"first_name":"Marek","last_name":"Derwich","domain_name":"wroc","page_name":"MarekDerwich","display_name":"Marek Derwich","profile_url":"https://wroc.academia.edu/MarekDerwich?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31478992/9329565/10398015/s65_marek.derwich.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35601453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35601453"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35601453, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35601453", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35601453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35601453; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35601453"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35601453 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35601453"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35601453; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35601453]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35601453").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35601453").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35601453"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5959" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monastic_Studies">Monastic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5959" type="text/json">{"id":5959,"name":"Monastic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monastic_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monasticism">Monasticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21987" type="text/json">{"id":21987,"name":"Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monasticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="105033" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/history_of_Poland">history of Poland</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="105033" type="text/json">{"id":105033,"name":"history of Poland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/history_of_Poland?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35601453]'), work: {"id":35601453,"title":"Klasztor w społeczeństwie średniowiecznym i nowożytnym [Monastery in a medieval and modern society]","created_at":"2018-01-07T07:09:53.538-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35601453/Klasztor_w_spo%C5%82ecze%C5%84stwie_%C5%9Bredniowiecznym_i_nowo%C5%BCytnym_Monastery_in_a_medieval_and_modern_society_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_35601453","summary":"Contens\r\nTable des matières, Inhalt, Table of Contents, pp. 8–10\r\nPreface, pp. 18–20\r\nSYNTHESIS TESTS\r\nI.1.General problems\r\nBert Demyttenaere, The Claustralization of the World, s. 23–41\r\nMarek Derwich, pp. 43–54, Résumé: La place du monachisme à la société médiévale et moderne, p. 53\r\nMałgorzata Borkowska, pp. 55–63; Summary: Nuns as trouble shooters: Demands made to convents in XVII–XVIIIth century Poland, pp. 62–63\r\nI.2. Silesia and Poland\r\nJerzy Rajman, pp. 67–73; Summary: Medieval monasteries in Upper Silesia. The problem of environment and the range of social effect, pp. 72–73\r\nPrzemysław Wiszewski, pp. 75–90; Summary: The female benedictine abbey of the Holy Corps in Legnica in the Silesian society (1348–1538), p. 90\r\nAleksander Andrzejewski, Leszek Kajzer, Janusz Pietrzak, pp. 91–103; Zusammenfassung: Das Konvers-haus in Rudy, pp. 100–101\r\nGabriela Wąs, pp. 105–126; Zusammenfassung: Franziskaner in der Gesellschaft Schlesiens im Mittelalter und Neuzeit, pp. 125–126\r\nZbigniew Zyglewski, pp. 127–142; Zusammenfassung: Klösterfoundation der Kronmachthaber in der Jagiellonnenzeit. Problemübersicht, pp. 141–142\r\nMałgorzata Maciszewska, pp. 143–153; Résumé: La place des couvents de franciscains de l’observance à la société Polonaise, pp. 152–153\r\nII. MEANS AND METHODS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE MONASTERY AND SOCIETY\r\nII.1. Liturgy and cult\r\nHenryk Fros,, pp. 157–167, Résumé: Les moines-hagiographes et la première période de la christianisation de la Pologne (jusqu’à 1034), p. 167\r\nMarian Kanior, pp. 169–180; Summary: The shrine of God's mother of consolation in Górka Duchowna (17th–19th centuries), pp. 179–180\r\nRoman Stelmach, pp. 181–189; Zusammenfassung: Die schlesischen Ablassurkunden bis Ende des XV. Jahrhunderts, p. 189\r\nJarosław Wenta, pp. 191–198; Zusammenfassung: Zisterzienserhistoriographie und Memoire am Beispiel Heinrichau, Leubus und Oliva, p. 198\r\nRościsław Żerelik, pp. 199–210; Zusammenfassung: Die Verstobenegemeinschaft im Licht der ältesten Eintraugungen im Nekrolog aus Heinrichau, p. 209–210\r\nMaria Starnawska, pp. 211–219; Zusammenfassung: Das Nekrologum des schlesichen Kreuzherren mit dem Rotten Stern (die Handschrift der Universitätbibliothek in Breslau IV.Q.19A) als Quelle zur Erforschung des Milieus und der Kontakten des Ordens, p. 219\r\nII.2. Cultural\r\nWojciech Mrozowicz, pp. 223–232; Zusammenfassung: Die Benediktinischen Bücher und Bibliotheken in der polnischen Gesellschaft in Mittelalter und Neuzeit. Beispiel Kleinpolens, p. 232\r\nEwa Zielińska, pp. 233–239; Résumé: Relations du monastère des chanoines réguliers de Kraśnik avec son entourage social dans la deuxième moitié du XVe et au cours du XVIe siècles, vues à travers sa bibliothèque, p. 239\r\nIvan Hlaváček, pp. 241–246; Zusammenfassung: Klöster und ihr Schwulwesen im Vorhussitischen Böhmen, p. 246\r\nAnna Jaroszewska, pp. 247–256; Zusammenfassung: Die Förderung der Kunst der Breslauer Prämonstratenser im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert, pp. 255–256\r\n3. Wizualne / Visual\r\nPavel R. Pokorný, pp. 259–264; Zusammenfassung: Die Klosterwappen in den böhmischen Ländern, pp. 263–264\r\nPiotr Dymmel, pp. 265–290; Résumé: Le décor héraldique du XVe siècle dans la galerie du monastère de Łysa Góra. Reconstitution, genèse et programme héraldique, p. 282\r\nWalentyna Węgrzyn-Klisowska, pp. 291–294; Zusammenfassung: Schauspiele und Passionenspiele in mittelalterischen schlesichen Klöstern, pp. 293–294\r\nZygmunt Świechowski, pp. 295–310; Résumé: La Genèse du dècor architectural dans l' architecture cistercienne de la Petite-Pologne, pp. 301–302\r\nKrystyna Białoskórska, pp. 311–343; Résumé: Les monastères et le problème du développement des traditions et des milieux artistiques Polonais au XIIIe siècle, p. 332\r\nIII. IN THE COUNTRY\r\nMagdalena Żurek, pp. 347–354; Résumé: Le patronage de la famille de Mieszko III le Vieux sur l’abbaye bénédictine à Lubiń, p. 354\r\nWojciech Iwańczak, pp. 355–362, Summary: Hroznata – noble, crusader, monastic founder, p. 362 \r\nMarie Bláhová, pp. 363–368; Zusammenfassung: Die Zisterzienser im Dienste der böhmischen Politik unter den letzten Přemysliden und bei der Thronbesteigung der Luxemburger, p. 368\r\nJerzy Augustyniak, pp. 369–387; Summary: Defensive functions of monasteries as exemplified by the cistercian abbey at Sulejów, p. 382\r\nAntoni Barciak, pp. 389–393, Zusammenfassung: Die Fürsten von Oberschlesien und das Zisterzienserkloster in Rudy (Rauden), p. 393\r\nStanisław A. Sroka, pp. 395–397; Zusammenfassung: Die Gönnerschaft der Teschiner Hedwig von Piast († 1521) über die Kartause zu Lapis Refugii im Spisz, p. 397\r\nJan Harasimowicz, pp. 399–416; Zusammenfassung: Die Aufhebung der Klöster in der Neumark im 16. Jh., p. 406\r\nIV. IN LOCAL COMMUNITY\r\nIV.1. Rural\r\nPetr Sommer, pp. 419–424; Zusammenfassung: Die benediktische Abtei in Sázava und ihr Laienhinterland, pp. 422–423\r\nKrzysztof Kaczmarek, pp. 425–432; Zusammenfassung: Sind die Mönche aus dem Kloster Wieluń im Jahre 1309 wirklich von den Einwohnern von Mochy getötet worden?, pp. 431–432\r\nAnna Pobóg-Lenartowicz, pp. 433–444; Zusammenfassung: Gesselschaftverhältnisse im Güter der Regulierten Chorherren (Augustiner) Abtei zur heilige Maria auf dem Sand in Breslau bis Ende des XV. Jhrs, p. 444 \r\nMarek Słoń, pp. 445–450; Zusammenfassung: Die Leute von Rechnungsbüchern. Das Hospital zum Hl. Geist in Breslau im Spätmittelalter, pp. 449–450\r\nIV.2. City\r\nJan Pařez, pp. 453–461; Summary: Prague monasteries between middle and early modern ages their position and specificity in a town organism (Illustrated on Exemples of Premonstratensian Strahov and Augustinian-Hermit St. Catherine), p. 461\r\nKrzysztof Guzikowski, pp. 463–470; Zusammenfassung: Die Stadt – ein Mitbewerber oder ein Verbündete der Zisterzienser? Am Beispiel der Abtei von Kolbatz (Kołbacz), p. 469\r\nKrzysztof Bracha, pp. 471–481; Zusammenfassung: Errores des Augustiners-Eremiten Werners von Freidenberg im Lichte der Heidelberger Inquisition aus dem Jahre 1405, pp. 480–481\r\nJan Łosowski, pp. 483–493; Résumé: Les autorités et la chancellerie jésuites dans une petite ville au XVIIIe siècle. Exemple de Michów, pp. 492–493\r\nV. VARIA\r\nAndrzej Radzimiński, pp. 497–509; Zusammenfassung: Die Bemerkungen über die Beziehungen der Mönchklöster und Klöster der Regularkanoniker mit dein Domkapiteln in mittelalterischen Polen, pp. 508–509\r\nDariusz Karczewski, pp. 511–518; Zusammenfassung: Anstrengungen von den Präposituren aus Trzemeszno um den Abttitel, p. 518\r\nKrzysztof Skupieński, pp. 519–526; Résumé: Les couvents, influencèrent-ils le développement du notariat public en Pologne avant le début du XVe siècle?, p. 526 \r\nMaurycy Lucjan Niedziela, pp. 527–538; Summary: The superiors of the dominican priory in Borek Stary; Their background, education, mentality, and social influence in 1668-1821, p. 538\r\nBeata Kwiatkowska-Kopka, Waldemar Gliński, Janusz Firlet, pp., 539–545; Zusammenfassung: Die neuesten archäologischen Forschungen in der Zisterzienser-Abtei Jędrzejów, p. 541\r\nSESSION CONCLUSION\r\nIvan Hlaváček, Krótkie zakończenie [Short ending], pp. 549–551\r\nSpis uczestników [List of participants], pp. 553–556\r\n\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55468634,"asset_id":35601453,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31478992,"first_name":"Marek","last_name":"Derwich","domain_name":"wroc","page_name":"MarekDerwich","display_name":"Marek Derwich","profile_url":"https://wroc.academia.edu/MarekDerwich?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31478992/9329565/10398015/s65_marek.derwich.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5959,"name":"Monastic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monastic_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":21987,"name":"Monasticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monasticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":105033,"name":"history of Poland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/history_of_Poland?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1396019,"name":"Monastycyzm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monastycyzm?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63215949" data-work_id="63215949" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63215949/Found_Christianities_Remaking_the_World_of_the_Second_Century_CE">Found Christianities: Remaking the World of the Second Century CE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this volume, I tell the stories of the early Christians whom other Christians denied were Christian. the second century CE, many different Christian leaders and groups claimed to be the only or authentic version of Christianity. Over... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63215949" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this volume, I tell the stories of the early Christians whom other Christians denied were Christian. the second century CE, many different Christian leaders and groups claimed to be the only or authentic version of Christianity. Over the course of twenty-six chapters, I relate what we can piece together of their histories, writings, and practices. Instead of allowing the enemies of these Christians to control the discourse, I follow a careful method in which primary sources are preferred to secondary (heresiographical) attacks. I show how countless discourses, ideas, and practices are continually recycled and adapted throughout time in the building of Christian identities. I also contextualize the histories of Christians within the larger Greco-Roman world and shows how they intersect with the traditional figures explored in church history. Furthermore, I question the notion of some Christian identities “surviving” or “perishing”, “winning” or “losing.”  By moving beyond notions of “gnostic”, “heretical” and “orthodox,” Litwa allows these “lost Christianities” to once again be found.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63215949" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9118944bbc74211c686e286b27277045" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75715159,"asset_id":63215949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75715159/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5706976" href="https://bc.academia.edu/DavidLitwa">David Litwa</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5706976" type="text/json">{"id":5706976,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Litwa","domain_name":"bc","page_name":"DavidLitwa","display_name":"David Litwa","profile_url":"https://bc.academia.edu/DavidLitwa?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5706976/13698433/35981318/s65_david.litwa.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63215949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63215949"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63215949, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63215949", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_63215949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63215949; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_63215949"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_63215949 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63215949"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63215949; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63215949]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63215949").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63215949").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63215949"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="110" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="110" type="text/json">{"id":110,"name":"Gnosticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5326" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity">Early Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5326" type="text/json">{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63215949]'), work: {"id":63215949,"title":"Found Christianities: Remaking the World of the Second Century CE","created_at":"2021-12-04T15:03:57.944-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63215949/Found_Christianities_Remaking_the_World_of_the_Second_Century_CE?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_63215949","summary":"In this volume, I tell the stories of the early Christians whom other Christians denied were Christian. the second century CE, many different Christian leaders and groups claimed to be the only or authentic version of Christianity. Over the course of twenty-six chapters, I relate what we can piece together of their histories, writings, and practices. Instead of allowing the enemies of these Christians to control the discourse, I follow a careful method in which primary sources are preferred to secondary (heresiographical) attacks. I show how countless discourses, ideas, and practices are continually recycled and adapted throughout time in the building of Christian identities. I also contextualize the histories of Christians within the larger Greco-Roman world and shows how they intersect with the traditional figures explored in church history. Furthermore, I question the notion of some Christian identities “surviving” or “perishing”, “winning” or “losing.” By moving beyond notions of “gnostic”, “heretical” and “orthodox,” Litwa allows these “lost Christianities” to once again be found. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75715159,"asset_id":63215949,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5706976,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Litwa","domain_name":"bc","page_name":"DavidLitwa","display_name":"David Litwa","profile_url":"https://bc.academia.edu/DavidLitwa?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5706976/13698433/35981318/s65_david.litwa.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":110,"name":"Gnosticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":53485,"name":"Christian Heresies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Heresies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":60289,"name":"Early Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":83171,"name":"Valentinus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Valentinus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":200116,"name":"Marcion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marcion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1111262,"name":"Heresiologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heresiologia?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45638106" data-work_id="45638106" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45638106/Armindo_de_Sousa_O_parlamento_medieval_portugu%C3%AAs_e_outros_estudos_The_Portuguese_medieval_parliament_and_other_studies_edited_with_Lu%C3%ADs_Miguel_Duarte_and_Lu%C3%ADs_Carlos_Amaral_">Armindo de Sousa, O parlamento medieval português e outros estudos [The Portuguese medieval parliament and other studies] (edited with Luís Miguel Duarte and Luís Carlos Amaral)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"A obra que o leitor tem entre mãos pretende ser uma recolha completa de todos os trabalhos escritos de Armindo de Sousa, publicados além dos seus livros ou capítulos de livros. Porque este historiador já partiu de entre nós há cerca de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45638106" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"A obra que o leitor tem entre mãos pretende ser uma recolha completa de todos os trabalhos escritos de Armindo de Sousa, publicados além dos seus livros ou capítulos de livros. Porque este historiador já partiu de entre nós há cerca de quinze anos, porque os seus trabalhos estão dispersos e são, quase todos, de difícil acesso, porque uma obra reunida ganha em unidade, em coerência e em inteligibilidade. Mas, acima de tudo, porque Armindo de Sousa foi um historiador de excepção; e se, em qualquer país, seria obrigatória a disponibilização da sua obra a um público alargado, do limitado e algo pobre panorama historiográfico português é quase um crime de lesa-inteligência que as páginas que ele nos deixou andem perdidas." (Luís Miguel Duarte)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45638106" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf5d23fcff2785cd647be6a88cc69a8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66132791,"asset_id":45638106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66132791/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5023056" href="https://unl-pt.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9EvangelistaMarques">André Evangelista Marques</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5023056" type="text/json">{"id":5023056,"first_name":"André","last_name":"Evangelista Marques","domain_name":"unl-pt","page_name":"AndréEvangelistaMarques","display_name":"André Evangelista Marques","profile_url":"https://unl-pt.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9EvangelistaMarques?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5023056/2183262/35597602/s65_andr_.evangelista_marques.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45638106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45638106"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45638106, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45638106", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45638106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45638106; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45638106"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45638106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45638106"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45638106; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45638106]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45638106").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45638106").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45638106"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3410" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_History">Urban History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3410" type="text/json">{"id":3410,"name":"Urban History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4150" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_urban_history">Medieval urban history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4150" type="text/json">{"id":4150,"name":"Medieval urban history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_urban_history?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History">Local History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4156" type="text/json">{"id":4156,"name":"Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4913" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Medieval_History">Portuguese Medieval History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4913" type="text/json">{"id":4913,"name":"Portuguese Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45638106]'), work: {"id":45638106,"title":"Armindo de Sousa, O parlamento medieval português e outros estudos [The Portuguese medieval parliament and other studies] (edited with Luís Miguel Duarte and Luís Carlos Amaral)","created_at":"2021-03-29T14:56:36.967-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45638106/Armindo_de_Sousa_O_parlamento_medieval_portugu%C3%AAs_e_outros_estudos_The_Portuguese_medieval_parliament_and_other_studies_edited_with_Lu%C3%ADs_Miguel_Duarte_and_Lu%C3%ADs_Carlos_Amaral_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_45638106","summary":"\"A obra que o leitor tem entre mãos pretende ser uma recolha completa de todos os trabalhos escritos de Armindo de Sousa, publicados além dos seus livros ou capítulos de livros. Porque este historiador já partiu de entre nós há cerca de quinze anos, porque os seus trabalhos estão dispersos e são, quase todos, de difícil acesso, porque uma obra reunida ganha em unidade, em coerência e em inteligibilidade. Mas, acima de tudo, porque Armindo de Sousa foi um historiador de excepção; e se, em qualquer país, seria obrigatória a disponibilização da sua obra a um público alargado, do limitado e algo pobre panorama historiográfico português é quase um crime de lesa-inteligência que as páginas que ele nos deixou andem perdidas.\" (Luís Miguel Duarte)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66132791,"asset_id":45638106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5023056,"first_name":"André","last_name":"Evangelista Marques","domain_name":"unl-pt","page_name":"AndréEvangelistaMarques","display_name":"André Evangelista Marques","profile_url":"https://unl-pt.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9EvangelistaMarques?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5023056/2183262/35597602/s65_andr_.evangelista_marques.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3410,"name":"Urban History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":4150,"name":"Medieval urban history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_urban_history?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":4156,"name":"Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":4913,"name":"Portuguese Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":6859,"name":"Medieval Iberian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Iberian_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7281,"name":"Medieval Ecclesiastical History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Ecclesiastical_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10993,"name":"Parliamentary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parliamentary_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":24708,"name":"Parliamentary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Parliamentary_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":62800,"name":"Medieval Chronicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Chronicles?f_ri=14893"},{"id":74174,"name":"Medieval Iberia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Iberia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":109218,"name":"Late medieval Portugal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_medieval_Portugal?f_ri=14893"},{"id":136589,"name":"História Local","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hist%C3%B3ria_Local?f_ri=14893"},{"id":229732,"name":"Spanish Medieval Chronicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish_Medieval_Chronicles?f_ri=14893"},{"id":417566,"name":"Local/Municipal government","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_Municipal_government?f_ri=14893"},{"id":466212,"name":"Historia Local","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Local?f_ri=14893"},{"id":530349,"name":"Portuguese Medieval Chronicles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_Medieval_Chronicles?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7375588" data-work_id="7375588" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7375588/O_Centro_Dom_Vital_estudo_de_caso_de_um_grupo_de_intelectuais_cat%C3%B3licos_no_Rio_de_Janeiro_entre_os_anos_1920_e_1940">O Centro Dom Vital: estudo de caso de um grupo de intelectuais católicos no Rio de Janeiro entre os anos 1920 e 1940</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7375588" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f519583af1e776b50c99865f9dccf182" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33970985,"asset_id":7375588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33970985/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8193571" href="https://ifsp.academia.edu/GuilhermeArduini">Guilherme R A M A L H O Arduini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8193571" type="text/json">{"id":8193571,"first_name":"Guilherme","last_name":"Arduini","domain_name":"ifsp","page_name":"GuilhermeArduini","display_name":"Guilherme R A M A L H O Arduini","profile_url":"https://ifsp.academia.edu/GuilhermeArduini?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8193571/2820284/147830961/s65_guilherme.arduini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7375588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7375588"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7375588, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7375588", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7375588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7375588; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7375588"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7375588 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7375588"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7375588; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7375588]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7375588").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7375588").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7375588"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="135" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History">Intellectual History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="135" type="text/json">{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="211" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Culture">Sociology of Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="211" type="text/json">{"id":211,"name":"Sociology of Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Culture?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7375588]'), work: {"id":7375588,"title":"O Centro Dom Vital: estudo de caso de um grupo de intelectuais católicos no Rio de Janeiro entre os anos 1920 e 1940","created_at":"2014-06-17T04:53:24.250-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7375588/O_Centro_Dom_Vital_estudo_de_caso_de_um_grupo_de_intelectuais_cat%C3%B3licos_no_Rio_de_Janeiro_entre_os_anos_1920_e_1940?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_7375588","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33970985,"asset_id":7375588,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8193571,"first_name":"Guilherme","last_name":"Arduini","domain_name":"ifsp","page_name":"GuilhermeArduini","display_name":"Guilherme R A M A L H O Arduini","profile_url":"https://ifsp.academia.edu/GuilhermeArduini?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8193571/2820284/147830961/s65_guilherme.arduini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":211,"name":"Sociology of Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Culture?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":666,"name":"Portuguese and Brazilian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese_and_Brazilian_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3827,"name":"Brazilian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brazilian_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":6645,"name":"Catholic Social Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Social_Teaching?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":41501,"name":"Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":196948,"name":"History of Brazilian Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Brazilian_Sociology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":286805,"name":"History of Brazilian Republic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Brazilian_Republic?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1419705,"name":"Alceu Amoroso Lima","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alceu_Amoroso_Lima?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42636601" data-work_id="42636601" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42636601/Qualestoria_Rivista_di_storia_contemporanea_a_XXII_n_2_1999">Qualestoria. Rivista di storia contemporanea, a XXII, n. 2, 1999.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42636601" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="feea370741cfe678ae51c937057efad5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62842397,"asset_id":42636601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62842397/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="134085222" href="https://independent.academia.edu/QualestoriaRivistadistoriacontemporanea">Qualestoria. Rivista di storia contemporanea</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="134085222" type="text/json">{"id":134085222,"first_name":"Qualestoria.","last_name":"Rivista di storia contemporanea","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"QualestoriaRivistadistoriacontemporanea","display_name":"Qualestoria. Rivista di storia contemporanea","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/QualestoriaRivistadistoriacontemporanea?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/134085222/35257429/30655271/s65_qualestoria.rivista_di_storia_contemporanea.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42636601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42636601"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42636601, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42636601", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42636601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42636601; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42636601"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42636601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42636601"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42636601; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42636601]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42636601").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42636601").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42636601"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History">European History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131" type="text/json">{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies">European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383" type="text/json">{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="983" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies">Jewish Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="983" type="text/json">{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42636601]'), work: {"id":42636601,"title":"Qualestoria. Rivista di storia contemporanea, a XXII, n. 2, 1999.","created_at":"2020-04-06T00:32:22.120-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42636601/Qualestoria_Rivista_di_storia_contemporanea_a_XXII_n_2_1999?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_42636601","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62842397,"asset_id":42636601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":134085222,"first_name":"Qualestoria.","last_name":"Rivista di storia contemporanea","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"QualestoriaRivistadistoriacontemporanea","display_name":"Qualestoria. Rivista di storia contemporanea","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/QualestoriaRivistadistoriacontemporanea?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/134085222/35257429/30655271/s65_qualestoria.rivista_di_storia_contemporanea.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":383,"name":"European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2221,"name":"Italian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5781,"name":"Fascism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fascism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":6627,"name":"Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7443,"name":"Communism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7896,"name":"Bulgaria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulgaria?f_ri=14893"},{"id":12739,"name":"Second World War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_World_War?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":18348,"name":"Research into Freemasonry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_into_Freemasonry?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23394,"name":"Jewish historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_historiography?f_ri=14893"},{"id":45213,"name":"Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":59779,"name":"History of Communism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Communism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":66677,"name":"Italian fascism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_fascism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":66678,"name":"Nazism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nazism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":116468,"name":"Church and State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_and_State?f_ri=14893"},{"id":235899,"name":"Concentration Camps","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concentration_Camps?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38756711" data-work_id="38756711" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38756711/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%80_%CE%93_%CE%A6%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B4_%CE%91%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AE_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2018_Prologue_in_the_new_greek_translation_of_the_book_of_Fr_George_Florovsky_Bible_Church_Tradition_%CE%A4hessaloniki_2018">Πρόλογος στο: π. Γ. Φλωρόφσκυ, Αγία Γραφή, Εκκλησία, Παράδοση, εκδ. Αλτιντζή, Θεσσαλονίκη 2018 / Prologue in the new greek translation of the book of Fr. George Florovsky Bible, Church, Tradition, Τhessaloniki 2018</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38756711" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="db01598f60b1e851ec17ea7bbcdecda6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58845013,"asset_id":38756711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58845013/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="801253" href="https://auth.academia.edu/SymeonPaschalidis">Symeon Paschalidis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="801253" type="text/json">{"id":801253,"first_name":"Symeon","last_name":"Paschalidis","domain_name":"auth","page_name":"SymeonPaschalidis","display_name":"Symeon Paschalidis","profile_url":"https://auth.academia.edu/SymeonPaschalidis?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/801253/276673/93929406/s65_symeon.paschalidis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38756711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38756711"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38756711, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38756711", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38756711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38756711; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38756711"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38756711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38756711"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38756711; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38756711]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38756711").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38756711").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38756711"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2049" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics">Patristics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2049" type="text/json">{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12614" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12614" type="text/json">{"id":12614,"name":"Ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43263" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristic_Exegesis">Patristic Exegesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43263" type="text/json">{"id":43263,"name":"Patristic Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristic_Exegesis?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38756711]'), work: {"id":38756711,"title":"Πρόλογος στο: π. Γ. Φλωρόφσκυ, Αγία Γραφή, Εκκλησία, Παράδοση, εκδ. Αλτιντζή, Θεσσαλονίκη 2018 / Prologue in the new greek translation of the book of Fr. George Florovsky Bible, Church, Tradition, Τhessaloniki 2018","created_at":"2019-04-09T18:45:51.225-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38756711/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%80_%CE%93_%CE%A6%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%83%CE%BA%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B4_%CE%91%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AE_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_2018_Prologue_in_the_new_greek_translation_of_the_book_of_Fr_George_Florovsky_Bible_Church_Tradition_%CE%A4hessaloniki_2018?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_38756711","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58845013,"asset_id":38756711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":801253,"first_name":"Symeon","last_name":"Paschalidis","domain_name":"auth","page_name":"SymeonPaschalidis","display_name":"Symeon Paschalidis","profile_url":"https://auth.academia.edu/SymeonPaschalidis?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/801253/276673/93929406/s65_symeon.paschalidis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":12614,"name":"Ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":43263,"name":"Patristic Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristic_Exegesis?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":66724,"name":"Early Church Fathers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_Fathers?f_ri=14893"},{"id":378963,"name":"Greek Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Patristics?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11948058" data-work_id="11948058" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11948058/Review_of_The_Church_The_Gospel_Made_Visible_by_Mark_Dever">Review of "The Church: The Gospel Made Visible" by Mark Dever</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11948058" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17775441a5a66c08a237be5805fa7bb0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37307399,"asset_id":11948058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37307399/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24003883" href="https://shepherdstheologicalseminary.academia.edu/AnthonyDeRosse">Anthony DeRosse</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24003883" type="text/json">{"id":24003883,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"DeRosse","domain_name":"shepherdstheologicalseminary","page_name":"AnthonyDeRosse","display_name":"Anthony DeRosse","profile_url":"https://shepherdstheologicalseminary.academia.edu/AnthonyDeRosse?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24003883/6479490/152499599/s65_anthony.derosse.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11948058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11948058"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11948058, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11948058", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11948058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11948058; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11948058"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11948058 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11948058"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11948058; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11948058]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11948058").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11948058").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11948058"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12614" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12614" type="text/json">{"id":12614,"name":"Ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Reviews">Book Reviews</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48523" type="text/json">{"id":48523,"name":"Book Reviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Reviews?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54339" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Review">Book Review</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="54339" type="text/json">{"id":54339,"name":"Book Review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Review?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11948058]'), work: {"id":11948058,"title":"Review of \"The Church: The Gospel Made Visible\" by Mark Dever","created_at":"2015-04-14T13:42:16.890-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11948058/Review_of_The_Church_The_Gospel_Made_Visible_by_Mark_Dever?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_11948058","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37307399,"asset_id":11948058,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24003883,"first_name":"Anthony","last_name":"DeRosse","domain_name":"shepherdstheologicalseminary","page_name":"AnthonyDeRosse","display_name":"Anthony DeRosse","profile_url":"https://shepherdstheologicalseminary.academia.edu/AnthonyDeRosse?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24003883/6479490/152499599/s65_anthony.derosse.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12614,"name":"Ecclesiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":48523,"name":"Book Reviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Reviews?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":54339,"name":"Book Review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Review?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7419433" data-work_id="7419433" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7419433/The_subterranean_strata_of_the_basilica_San_Clemente">The subterranean strata of the basilica San Clemente</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7419433" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb4a27ad0867ab892f26f1b5b3fe1035" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34919940,"asset_id":7419433,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34919940/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13158194" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MerrillAaron">Aaron Merrill</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13158194" type="text/json">{"id":13158194,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Merrill","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MerrillAaron","display_name":"Aaron Merrill","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MerrillAaron?f_ri=14893","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7419433 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7419433"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7419433, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7419433", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7419433 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7419433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7419433"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7419433 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7419433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7419433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7419433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7419433").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7419433").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7419433"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="69792" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome">Ancient Rome</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="69792" type="text/json">{"id":69792,"name":"Ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7419433]'), work: {"id":7419433,"title":"The subterranean strata of the basilica San Clemente","created_at":"2014-06-21T14:41:15.221-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7419433/The_subterranean_strata_of_the_basilica_San_Clemente?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_7419433","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34919940,"asset_id":7419433,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13158194,"first_name":"Aaron","last_name":"Merrill","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MerrillAaron","display_name":"Aaron Merrill","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MerrillAaron?f_ri=14893","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":69792,"name":"Ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43237987" data-work_id="43237987" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43237987/_Discursos_y_po%C3%A9ticas_en_la_escultura_g%C3%B3tica_leonesa_del_siglo_XIII_Actas_de_Congreso_internacional_La_Catedral_de_Le%C3%B3n_en_la_Edad_Media_Le%C3%B3n_11_17_de_abril_de_2003_Gerardo_Boto_Varela_Ma_Victoria_Herr%C3%A1ez_Ortega_y_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Yarza_Luaces_eds_Le%C3%B3n_2004_pp_203_239">“Discursos y poéticas en la escultura gótica leonesa del siglo XIII”, Actas de Congreso internacional “La Catedral de León en la Edad Media”. León 11-17 de abril de 2003, Gerardo Boto Varela, Mª Victoria Herráez Ortega y Joaquín Yarza Luaces eds., León, 2004, pp. 203-239.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This approach to the imagery of the Southern and Eastern façades of Leon cathedral restores their original topography, their several liturgical functions, their intended audiences and the particular cultural and historical circumstances... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43237987" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This approach to the imagery of the Southern and Eastern façades of Leon cathedral restores their original topography, their several liturgical functions, their intended audiences and the particular cultural and historical circumstances that surrounded their carving, and confronting them with the Portal of the Coronería and Sarmental of Burgos cathedral. In the portal of Saint Froilán is seen a celebration of this local saint’s main liturgical Feasts; the choice of an Apocalyptic program for the south central portal is justified by a Castilian tradition of decorating the cathedral entrance near the bishop’s palace with ecclesiological discourses; and Bishop Martín Fernández’s great expectations can be shown in the commemoration of the bethrothat of the Castilian heir Fernando de la Cerda and the French Princess doña Blanca in the south western portal’s sculpted decoration. As for the Western entrance, the baptismal imagery displayed in the northern access is related to the parish function of the chapel in the ground floor of the northern tower; and the scatological discourses in the Last Judgement and the Coronation of the Virgin portals adequate to the medieval use of the parvis as  a cemetery, and they are discussed in the frame of mid-thirteenth century theological controversies on the resurrection of the body that help to recognize a Franciscan bias not only in León but also in the “diplomatic” portal of La Coronería in Burgos. Finally, the different stylistic trends that converge in León are examined as sculpted counterparts of vernacular pastoral rhetorical devices: the more “narrative styles” of the portal of San Froilán and Saint John as opposed to the “expressionistic naturalism” of the last Judgement and Apocalyptic portals.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43237987" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="409981f26d69c5d235db3c7d305e948a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63507486,"asset_id":43237987,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63507486/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1136497" href="https://usc-es.academia.edu/RocioSanchezAmeijeiras">Rocío Sánchez Ameijeiras</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1136497" type="text/json">{"id":1136497,"first_name":"Rocío","last_name":"Sánchez Ameijeiras","domain_name":"usc-es","page_name":"RocioSanchezAmeijeiras","display_name":"Rocío Sánchez Ameijeiras","profile_url":"https://usc-es.academia.edu/RocioSanchezAmeijeiras?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1136497/43975383/37117996/s65_roc_o.s_nchez_ameijeiras.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43237987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43237987"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43237987, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43237987", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43237987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43237987; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43237987"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43237987 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43237987"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43237987; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43237987]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43237987").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43237987").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43237987"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="863" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Studies">Visual Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="863" type="text/json">{"id":863,"name":"Visual Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3919" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Rhetoric">Visual Rhetoric</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3919" type="text/json">{"id":3919,"name":"Visual Rhetoric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Rhetoric?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4154" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Studies">Iberian Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4154" type="text/json">{"id":4154,"name":"Iberian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43237987]'), work: {"id":43237987,"title":"“Discursos y poéticas en la escultura gótica leonesa del siglo XIII”, Actas de Congreso internacional “La Catedral de León en la Edad Media”. León 11-17 de abril de 2003, Gerardo Boto Varela, Mª Victoria Herráez Ortega y Joaquín Yarza Luaces eds., León, 2004, pp. 203-239.","created_at":"2020-06-02T14:48:58.643-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43237987/_Discursos_y_po%C3%A9ticas_en_la_escultura_g%C3%B3tica_leonesa_del_siglo_XIII_Actas_de_Congreso_internacional_La_Catedral_de_Le%C3%B3n_en_la_Edad_Media_Le%C3%B3n_11_17_de_abril_de_2003_Gerardo_Boto_Varela_Ma_Victoria_Herr%C3%A1ez_Ortega_y_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Yarza_Luaces_eds_Le%C3%B3n_2004_pp_203_239?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_43237987","summary":"This approach to the imagery of the Southern and Eastern façades of Leon cathedral restores their original topography, their several liturgical functions, their intended audiences and the particular cultural and historical circumstances that surrounded their carving, and confronting them with the Portal of the Coronería and Sarmental of Burgos cathedral. In the portal of Saint Froilán is seen a celebration of this local saint’s main liturgical Feasts; the choice of an Apocalyptic program for the south central portal is justified by a Castilian tradition of decorating the cathedral entrance near the bishop’s palace with ecclesiological discourses; and Bishop Martín Fernández’s great expectations can be shown in the commemoration of the bethrothat of the Castilian heir Fernando de la Cerda and the French Princess doña Blanca in the south western portal’s sculpted decoration. As for the Western entrance, the baptismal imagery displayed in the northern access is related to the parish function of the chapel in the ground floor of the northern tower; and the scatological discourses in the Last Judgement and the Coronation of the Virgin portals adequate to the medieval use of the parvis as a cemetery, and they are discussed in the frame of mid-thirteenth century theological controversies on the resurrection of the body that help to recognize a Franciscan bias not only in León but also in the “diplomatic” portal of La Coronería in Burgos. Finally, the different stylistic trends that converge in León are examined as sculpted counterparts of vernacular pastoral rhetorical devices: the more “narrative styles” of the portal of San Froilán and Saint John as opposed to the “expressionistic naturalism” of the last Judgement and Apocalyptic portals.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63507486,"asset_id":43237987,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1136497,"first_name":"Rocío","last_name":"Sánchez Ameijeiras","domain_name":"usc-es","page_name":"RocioSanchezAmeijeiras","display_name":"Rocío Sánchez Ameijeiras","profile_url":"https://usc-es.academia.edu/RocioSanchezAmeijeiras?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1136497/43975383/37117996/s65_roc_o.s_nchez_ameijeiras.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":863,"name":"Visual Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":3919,"name":"Visual Rhetoric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Rhetoric?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":4154,"name":"Iberian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iberian_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":22386,"name":"Medieval Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":108777,"name":"Gothic Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gothic_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":114489,"name":"Burgos Cathedral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Burgos_Cathedral?f_ri=14893"},{"id":114607,"name":"Gothic Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gothic_Sculpture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":367119,"name":"Medieval Franciscans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Franciscans?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9259428" data-work_id="9259428" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9259428/Ravenna_tardoantica_Il_Liber_pontificalis_ecclesiae_Ravennatis_e_le_recenti_scoperte_archeologiche">Ravenna tardoantica: Il “Liber pontificalis ecclesiae Ravennatis” e le recenti scoperte archeologiche </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">L’articolo è dedicato all’interpretazione di alcuni passi del noto testo medievale di ambito ravennate intitolato “Liber pontificalis ecclesiae Ravennatis”, di Andrea Agnello (IX secolo), ritenuto da molti studiosi proto-storico della... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9259428" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">L’articolo è dedicato all’interpretazione di alcuni passi del noto testo medievale di ambito ravennate intitolato “Liber pontificalis ecclesiae Ravennatis”, di Andrea Agnello (IX secolo), ritenuto da molti studiosi proto-storico della realtà cittadina. Si è cercato di fornire una lettura comparata tra fonte letteraria e scoperte archeologiche, in adesione con la recente metodologia archeologica sempre più coinvolta nella comprensione dei lineamenti costituenti del passaggio dall’antichità al Medioevo, sotto il profilo monumentale –urbanistico, di una città che è stata un centro vitale di scambi sociali, culturali ed economici nella tardo antichità: Ravenna. Il caso di studio che si è preso in esame ha riguardato quattro specifiche realtà architettoniche: la cinta muraria, il palazzo di Teoderico, le basiliche di S. Severo e Petriana. <br />Uno studioso di storia dell’arte come Carlo Bertelli ci ha ricordato tempo fa che si può cogliere molto di Ravenna per via indiretta di monumenti che hanno dato dignità e decoro alla città, cercando di indagare in statue e rilievi, ma anche nelle citazioni letterarie, tratte dai testi e da pavimenti e pareti musive. <br />Agnello nel IX secolo si è posto tra gli altri anche questo obiettivo e gli archeologi oggi, con progetti supportati culturalmente ed economicamente, stanno cercando di ricostruire gli scenari descritti, restituendo voce e sforzandosi di motivare le recenti scoperte anche attraverso l’analisi attenta delle antiche testimonianze. L’immagine che si presenta e anche questo breve saggio si auspica di alimentare è quella di una città in fermento: in età romana e ancora tardo antica il suo porto, Classe, ha rappresentato uno dei poli più vitali dell’Adriatico anche in considerazione del ruolo di “sedes regia”. Oggi si evince il dinamismo di una realtà impegnata nel recupero e nella valorizzazione della propria memoria storica, modello culturale esemplare per la promozione storico-artistica dell’Adriatico e, con ambizione, dell’intera nostra penisola.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9259428" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e8b7cf0c33bc7a911abeb344775a836a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35526582,"asset_id":9259428,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35526582/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="431366" href="https://unibg.academia.edu/ElenaGritti">Elena Gritti</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="431366" type="text/json">{"id":431366,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Gritti","domain_name":"unibg","page_name":"ElenaGritti","display_name":"Elena Gritti","profile_url":"https://unibg.academia.edu/ElenaGritti?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/431366/106420/126140/s65_elena.gritti.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9259428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9259428"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9259428, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9259428", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9259428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9259428; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9259428"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9259428 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9259428"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9259428; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9259428]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9259428").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9259428").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9259428"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="990" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History">Late Antique and Byzantine History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="990" type="text/json">{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9259428]'), work: {"id":9259428,"title":"Ravenna tardoantica: Il “Liber pontificalis ecclesiae Ravennatis” e le recenti scoperte archeologiche ","created_at":"2014-11-11T18:00:15.261-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9259428/Ravenna_tardoantica_Il_Liber_pontificalis_ecclesiae_Ravennatis_e_le_recenti_scoperte_archeologiche?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_9259428","summary":"L’articolo è dedicato all’interpretazione di alcuni passi del noto testo medievale di ambito ravennate intitolato “Liber pontificalis ecclesiae Ravennatis”, di Andrea Agnello (IX secolo), ritenuto da molti studiosi proto-storico della realtà cittadina. Si è cercato di fornire una lettura comparata tra fonte letteraria e scoperte archeologiche, in adesione con la recente metodologia archeologica sempre più coinvolta nella comprensione dei lineamenti costituenti del passaggio dall’antichità al Medioevo, sotto il profilo monumentale –urbanistico, di una città che è stata un centro vitale di scambi sociali, culturali ed economici nella tardo antichità: Ravenna. Il caso di studio che si è preso in esame ha riguardato quattro specifiche realtà architettoniche: la cinta muraria, il palazzo di Teoderico, le basiliche di S. Severo e Petriana.\r\nUno studioso di storia dell’arte come Carlo Bertelli ci ha ricordato tempo fa che si può cogliere molto di Ravenna per via indiretta di monumenti che hanno dato dignità e decoro alla città, cercando di indagare in statue e rilievi, ma anche nelle citazioni letterarie, tratte dai testi e da pavimenti e pareti musive.\r\nAgnello nel IX secolo si è posto tra gli altri anche questo obiettivo e gli archeologi oggi, con progetti supportati culturalmente ed economicamente, stanno cercando di ricostruire gli scenari descritti, restituendo voce e sforzandosi di motivare le recenti scoperte anche attraverso l’analisi attenta delle antiche testimonianze. L’immagine che si presenta e anche questo breve saggio si auspica di alimentare è quella di una città in fermento: in età romana e ancora tardo antica il suo porto, Classe, ha rappresentato uno dei poli più vitali dell’Adriatico anche in considerazione del ruolo di “sedes regia”. Oggi si evince il dinamismo di una realtà impegnata nel recupero e nella valorizzazione della propria memoria storica, modello culturale esemplare per la promozione storico-artistica dell’Adriatico e, con ambizione, dell’intera nostra penisola.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35526582,"asset_id":9259428,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":431366,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Gritti","domain_name":"unibg","page_name":"ElenaGritti","display_name":"Elena Gritti","profile_url":"https://unibg.academia.edu/ElenaGritti?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/431366/106420/126140/s65_elena.gritti.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6957569" data-work_id="6957569" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6957569/The_Soul_of_Shoe_City_The_Church_in_Lynn_Massachusetts_1791_1900">The Soul of Shoe City - The Church in Lynn, Massachusetts 1791-1900</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6957569" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="986268595936b273cb1986c359068b2a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33624965,"asset_id":6957569,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33624965/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5095250" href="https://gcts.academia.edu/JohnTurpin">John Turpin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5095250" type="text/json">{"id":5095250,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Turpin","domain_name":"gcts","page_name":"JohnTurpin","display_name":"John Turpin","profile_url":"https://gcts.academia.edu/JohnTurpin?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5095250/2228006/98395644/s65_john.turpin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6957569 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6957569"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6957569, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6957569", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6957569 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6957569; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6957569"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6957569 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6957569"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6957569; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6957569]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6957569").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6957569").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6957569"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2862" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_History">Industrial History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2862" type="text/json">{"id":2862,"name":"Industrial History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39596" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England_History_">New England (History)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39596" type="text/json">{"id":39596,"name":"New England (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England_History_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6957569]'), work: {"id":6957569,"title":"The Soul of Shoe City - The Church in Lynn, Massachusetts 1791-1900","created_at":"2014-05-04T08:04:05.095-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6957569/The_Soul_of_Shoe_City_The_Church_in_Lynn_Massachusetts_1791_1900?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_6957569","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33624965,"asset_id":6957569,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5095250,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Turpin","domain_name":"gcts","page_name":"JohnTurpin","display_name":"John Turpin","profile_url":"https://gcts.academia.edu/JohnTurpin?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5095250/2228006/98395644/s65_john.turpin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2862,"name":"Industrial History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":39596,"name":"New England (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_England_History_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44568888" data-work_id="44568888" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44568888/John_Nelson_Darby_s_Early_Resistance_to_Pre_Tribulational_Premillennialism">John Nelson Darby’s Early Resistance to Pre-Tribulational Premillennialism</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">John Nelson Darby (1800-1882) has been regarded as the father of dispensational premillenialism. Many historians have pointed to his emergence on the scene at the 1831 Powerscourt Conference as the critical moment when he introduced his... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44568888" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">John Nelson Darby (1800-1882) has been regarded as the father of dispensational premillenialism. Many historians have pointed to his emergence on the scene at the 1831 Powerscourt Conference as the critical moment when he introduced his “novel” pre-tribulational ideas to the broader Christian world. This narrative has gone largely unchallenged for nearly two centuries. However, privately held notebooks that have only recently been released contain detailed information concerning who and what was said over the four-day conference. The manuscripts from these conferences betray the long-held narrative that Darby introduced the pre-tribulational rapture. In fact, to the contrary, he adamantly argued against it at the 1831 Powerscourt Conference, calling the idea “an absurdity” and dismissing those who held to it.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44568888" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c9d2558e31ff637b06dee74801878ee2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65024280,"asset_id":44568888,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65024280/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15083324" href="https://socalsem.academia.edu/JamesFazio">James I Fazio</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15083324" type="text/json">{"id":15083324,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Fazio","domain_name":"socalsem","page_name":"JamesFazio","display_name":"James I Fazio","profile_url":"https://socalsem.academia.edu/JamesFazio?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15083324/4069371/143532940/s65_james.fazio.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44568888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44568888"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44568888, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44568888", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44568888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44568888; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44568888"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44568888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44568888"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44568888; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44568888]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44568888").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44568888").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44568888"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19332" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_History_">19th Century (History)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19332" type="text/json">{"id":19332,"name":"19th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_History_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dispensationalism">Dispensationalism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="52568" type="text/json">{"id":52568,"name":"Dispensationalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dispensationalism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="337185" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Plymouth_Brethren">Christian (Plymouth) Brethren</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="337185" type="text/json">{"id":337185,"name":"Christian (Plymouth) Brethren","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Plymouth_Brethren?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44568888]'), work: {"id":44568888,"title":"John Nelson Darby’s Early Resistance to Pre-Tribulational Premillennialism","created_at":"2020-11-24T14:19:39.314-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44568888/John_Nelson_Darby_s_Early_Resistance_to_Pre_Tribulational_Premillennialism?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_44568888","summary":"John Nelson Darby (1800-1882) has been regarded as the father of dispensational premillenialism. Many historians have pointed to his emergence on the scene at the 1831 Powerscourt Conference as the critical moment when he introduced his “novel” pre-tribulational ideas to the broader Christian world. This narrative has gone largely unchallenged for nearly two centuries. However, privately held notebooks that have only recently been released contain detailed information concerning who and what was said over the four-day conference. The manuscripts from these conferences betray the long-held narrative that Darby introduced the pre-tribulational rapture. In fact, to the contrary, he adamantly argued against it at the 1831 Powerscourt Conference, calling the idea “an absurdity” and dismissing those who held to it.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65024280,"asset_id":44568888,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15083324,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Fazio","domain_name":"socalsem","page_name":"JamesFazio","display_name":"James I Fazio","profile_url":"https://socalsem.academia.edu/JamesFazio?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15083324/4069371/143532940/s65_james.fazio.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":19332,"name":"19th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_Century_History_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":52568,"name":"Dispensationalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dispensationalism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":337185,"name":"Christian (Plymouth) Brethren","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Plymouth_Brethren?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":913526,"name":"Bible Prophecy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bible_Prophecy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1312189,"name":"Premillennialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Premillennialism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1314329,"name":"Rapture of the Saints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rapture_of_the_Saints?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2294259,"name":"John Nelson Darby","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/John_Nelson_Darby?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26303264" data-work_id="26303264" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26303264/Eusebio_di_Cesarea_e_la_storiografia_antica_Il_caso_della_Praeparatio_Evangelica_PhD_Dissertation_Universit%C3%A0_degli_Studi_di_Messina">Eusebio di Cesarea e la storiografia antica. Il caso della Praeparatio Evangelica [PhD Dissertation], Università degli Studi di Messina</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26303264" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3e9b27ead9b9d1904e9149c51883bcc8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46616928,"asset_id":26303264,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46616928/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24977413" href="https://magaraibleo.academia.edu/CristianMondello">Cristian Mondello</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24977413" type="text/json">{"id":24977413,"first_name":"Cristian","last_name":"Mondello","domain_name":"magaraibleo","page_name":"CristianMondello","display_name":"Cristian Mondello","profile_url":"https://magaraibleo.academia.edu/CristianMondello?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24977413/6768335/14204210/s65_cristian.mondello.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26303264 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26303264"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26303264, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26303264", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26303264 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26303264; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26303264"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26303264 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26303264"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26303264; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26303264]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26303264").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26303264").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26303264"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">29</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2471" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity">History of Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2471" type="text/json">{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5326" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity">Early Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5326" type="text/json">{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations">Jewish - Christian Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10947" type="text/json">{"id":10947,"name":"Jewish - Christian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26303264]'), work: {"id":26303264,"title":"Eusebio di Cesarea e la storiografia antica. Il caso della Praeparatio Evangelica [PhD Dissertation], Università degli Studi di Messina","created_at":"2016-06-19T06:52:14.250-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26303264/Eusebio_di_Cesarea_e_la_storiografia_antica_Il_caso_della_Praeparatio_Evangelica_PhD_Dissertation_Universit%C3%A0_degli_Studi_di_Messina?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_26303264","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46616928,"asset_id":26303264,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24977413,"first_name":"Cristian","last_name":"Mondello","domain_name":"magaraibleo","page_name":"CristianMondello","display_name":"Cristian Mondello","profile_url":"https://magaraibleo.academia.edu/CristianMondello?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24977413/6768335/14204210/s65_cristian.mondello.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":10947,"name":"Jewish - Christian Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_-_Christian_Relations?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":15865,"name":"Plutarch","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plutarch?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21659,"name":"Christian Apologetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Apologetics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":30017,"name":"Diodorus Siculus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diodorus_Siculus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":33399,"name":"Herodotus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herodotus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":38753,"name":"Citation context analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citation_context_analysis?f_ri=14893"},{"id":64534,"name":"Constantine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constantine?f_ri=14893"},{"id":75796,"name":"Jewish-hellenistic literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish-hellenistic_literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":84527,"name":"Letteratura cristiana antica; Letteratura latina tardoantica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura_cristiana_antica_Letteratura_latina_tardoantica?f_ri=14893"},{"id":102217,"name":"Apologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apologia?f_ri=14893"},{"id":111162,"name":"Paganism and Christianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paganism_and_Christianism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":121181,"name":"Citation Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citation_Management?f_ri=14893"},{"id":171063,"name":"Dionysius of Halicarnassus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":182838,"name":"Citation Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citation_Analysis?f_ri=14893"},{"id":240464,"name":"Flavius Josephus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavius_Josephus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":267727,"name":"Christian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":321394,"name":"eusebius of Caesarea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/eusebius_of_Caesarea?f_ri=14893"},{"id":528722,"name":"Moses Artapanus Hecateus Moses war traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moses_Artapanus_Hecateus_Moses_war_traditions?f_ri=14893"},{"id":731959,"name":"Eusebio De Cesarea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eusebio_De_Cesarea?f_ri=14893"},{"id":869648,"name":"Jews, Christians and Pagans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jews_Christians_and_Pagans?f_ri=14893"},{"id":948724,"name":"Paganesimo E Cristianesimo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paganesimo_E_Cristianesimo?f_ri=14893"},{"id":968073,"name":"Conflitto Tra Paganesimo E Cristianesimo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conflitto_Tra_Paganesimo_E_Cristianesimo?f_ri=14893"},{"id":983015,"name":"Citazione Di Autori Classici","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Citazione_Di_Autori_Classici?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1125257,"name":"Conflict Between Pagan Philosophy and Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conflict_Between_Pagan_Philosophy_and_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1423804,"name":"Philon of Alexandria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philon_of_Alexandria?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2482698,"name":"Praeparatio Evangelica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Praeparatio_Evangelica?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44887354" data-work_id="44887354" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44887354/Szil%C3%A1gysomly%C3%B3i_t%C3%BArk%C3%A1l%C3%B3_Vol_II_helyt%C3%B6rt%C3%A9net_%C3%A9s_egyebek_">Szilágysomlyói túrkáló Vol. II (helytörténet és egyebek)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Szilágysomlyói túrkáló<br />(helytörténet és egyebek)<br />II. kötet<br />Bõvített kiadás<br /><br />Szilágysomlyón születtem és ha valaki itt született, az sohasem felejti el.<br />Joe Pasternak (1901-1991)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44887354" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fa4752210427d584fe1181365d6c3e2e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65403856,"asset_id":44887354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65403856/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="164715116" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LajosP">Papp Lajos</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="164715116" type="text/json">{"id":164715116,"first_name":"Papp","last_name":"Lajos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LajosP","display_name":"Papp Lajos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LajosP?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/164715116/46260113/38654782/s65_papp.lajos.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44887354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44887354"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44887354, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44887354", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44887354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44887354; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44887354"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44887354 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44887354"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44887354; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44887354]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44887354").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44887354").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44887354"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7617" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History">Medieval Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7617" type="text/json">{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transylvania">Transylvania</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18922" type="text/json">{"id":18922,"name":"Transylvania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transylvania?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296353" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Transylvania">History of Transylvania</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="296353" type="text/json">{"id":296353,"name":"History of Transylvania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Transylvania?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44887354]'), work: {"id":44887354,"title":"Szilágysomlyói túrkáló Vol. II (helytörténet és egyebek)","created_at":"2021-01-12T03:07:50.200-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44887354/Szil%C3%A1gysomly%C3%B3i_t%C3%BArk%C3%A1l%C3%B3_Vol_II_helyt%C3%B6rt%C3%A9net_%C3%A9s_egyebek_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_44887354","summary":"Szilágysomlyói túrkáló\n(helytörténet és egyebek)\nII. kötet\nBõvített kiadás\n\nSzilágysomlyón születtem és ha valaki itt született, az sohasem felejti el.\nJoe Pasternak (1901-1991)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65403856,"asset_id":44887354,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":164715116,"first_name":"Papp","last_name":"Lajos","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LajosP","display_name":"Papp Lajos","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LajosP?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/164715116/46260113/38654782/s65_papp.lajos.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":18922,"name":"Transylvania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transylvania?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":296353,"name":"History of Transylvania","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Transylvania?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4607988" data-work_id="4607988" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4607988/Eucharistic_Sacrifice_American_Polemics_the_Oxford_Movement_and_Apostolicae_Curae">Eucharistic Sacrifice, American Polemics, the Oxford Movement and Apostolicae Curae</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4607988" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="86a67fed242ada622550d07094a6c9c7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31968985,"asset_id":4607988,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31968985/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="507671" href="https://duq.academia.edu/KennethParker">Kenneth L Parker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="507671" type="text/json">{"id":507671,"first_name":"Kenneth","last_name":"Parker","domain_name":"duq","page_name":"KennethParker","display_name":"Kenneth L Parker","profile_url":"https://duq.academia.edu/KennethParker?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/507671/176124/3031061/s65_kenneth.parker.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4607988 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4607988"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4607988, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4607988", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4607988 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4607988; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4607988"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4607988 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4607988"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4607988; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4607988]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4607988").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4607988").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4607988"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23272" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_and_20th_Century_Theology">19th and 20th Century Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23272" type="text/json">{"id":23272,"name":"19th and 20th Century Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_and_20th_Century_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30423" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_Theology">Eucharistic Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30423" type="text/json">{"id":30423,"name":"Eucharistic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30427" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Oxford_Movement">The Oxford Movement</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="30427" type="text/json">{"id":30427,"name":"The Oxford Movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Oxford_Movement?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4607988]'), work: {"id":4607988,"title":"Eucharistic Sacrifice, American Polemics, the Oxford Movement and Apostolicae Curae","created_at":"2013-09-27T16:03:50.207-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4607988/Eucharistic_Sacrifice_American_Polemics_the_Oxford_Movement_and_Apostolicae_Curae?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_4607988","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31968985,"asset_id":4607988,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":507671,"first_name":"Kenneth","last_name":"Parker","domain_name":"duq","page_name":"KennethParker","display_name":"Kenneth L Parker","profile_url":"https://duq.academia.edu/KennethParker?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/507671/176124/3031061/s65_kenneth.parker.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":23272,"name":"19th and 20th Century Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/19th_and_20th_Century_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":30423,"name":"Eucharistic Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eucharistic_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":30427,"name":"The Oxford Movement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Oxford_Movement?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2568960" data-work_id="2568960" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2568960/Monarchia_della_verit%C3%A0_Modelli_culturali_e_pedagogia_della_Controriforma_Naples_Vivarium_2002_">Monarchia della verità. Modelli culturali e pedagogia della Controriforma (Naples: Vivarium, 2002).</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Monarchia della verità indaga una componente ideologica fondamentale della Controriforma: l’ossessione ecclesiastica per la 'veritas', concepita nella versione dogmatica di 'doctrina' e ortodossia in opposizione alla formulazione... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2568960" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Monarchia della verità indaga una componente ideologica fondamentale della Controriforma: l’ossessione ecclesiastica per la 'veritas', concepita nella versione dogmatica di 'doctrina' e ortodossia in opposizione alla formulazione umanistica della 'veritas' come ricerca. Da Poggio Bracciolini a Montaigne, gli umanisti esprimono un concetto di 'religio' coincidente con la ricerca stessa della verità, rinunciando a definizioni esclusive o dogmatiche e astenendosi da difese di carattere polemico o controversistico. I teologi adottano invece il concetto dogmatico di 'doctrina', identificando la 'veritas' nell’ortodossia e favorendo il formarsi di un clima di oscurantismo clericale e di generale intolleranza nei confronti dell’autonomia umanistica, dell’individualismo religioso e del libero pensiero, con Valla, Erasmo e Machiavelli in testa. <br />In questo libro l’autore prende in esame il primato normativo della verità nella Chiesa del Cinquecento e del primo Seicento con lo scopo di illustrare modelli culturali e pedagogici della Controriforma e rilevarne i miti: cronotassi pontificia, agiografia e culto delle reliquie, concetto eroico del documento, didattica figurativa, giurisdizione curiale, temporalismo papale. Tuttavia, la sopravvivenza della tradizione umanistica e il suo confrontarsi dialetticamente con le culture dogmatiche di Riforma e Controriforma si evidenziano in momenti significativi della storia culturale e religiosa della prima età moderna: in particolare, nel dibattito europeo 'de puniendis haereticis' originato dal tragico rogo di Michele Serveto, nel ricorso all’elemento storico in sede di polemica confessionale, nei processi di Bruno e Galilei e nelle discussioni sulla 'libertas investigandi', nel nicodemismo di artisti, scienziati e anticlericali cristiani, infine nella ripresa – specialmente in Olanda e nelle aree della diaspora sociniana – del pacifismo erasmiano e dell’utopismo di Thomas More, associati alla critica del Valla e all’irenismo di Sebastiano Castellione. Un esempio insigne è la proposta irenica di Jakob Arminius, calvinista di cultura umanistica, formulata a Leida nel 1605 con l’intento di superare i contrasti tra cristiani e realizzare la pacificazione sociale e religiosa.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2568960" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e9b3a9b1d92b54f46981d44ece64df9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54638244,"asset_id":2568960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54638244/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3329638" href="https://unipartenop.academia.edu/StefanoZen">Stefano Zen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3329638" type="text/json">{"id":3329638,"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Zen","domain_name":"unipartenop","page_name":"StefanoZen","display_name":"Stefano Zen","profile_url":"https://unipartenop.academia.edu/StefanoZen?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3329638/1115555/22183611/s65_stefano.zen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2568960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2568960"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2568960, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2568960", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2568960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2568960; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2568960"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2568960 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2568960"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2568960; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2568960]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2568960").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2568960").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2568960"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History">European History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131" type="text/json">{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="134" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History">Modern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="134" type="text/json">{"id":134,"name":"Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3027" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Humanism">Renaissance Humanism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3027" type="text/json">{"id":3027,"name":"Renaissance Humanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Humanism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2568960]'), work: {"id":2568960,"title":"Monarchia della verità. Modelli culturali e pedagogia della Controriforma (Naples: Vivarium, 2002).","created_at":"2013-02-13T09:19:40.587-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2568960/Monarchia_della_verit%C3%A0_Modelli_culturali_e_pedagogia_della_Controriforma_Naples_Vivarium_2002_?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_2568960","summary":"Monarchia della verità indaga una componente ideologica fondamentale della Controriforma: l’ossessione ecclesiastica per la 'veritas', concepita nella versione dogmatica di 'doctrina' e ortodossia in opposizione alla formulazione umanistica della 'veritas' come ricerca. Da Poggio Bracciolini a Montaigne, gli umanisti esprimono un concetto di 'religio' coincidente con la ricerca stessa della verità, rinunciando a definizioni esclusive o dogmatiche e astenendosi da difese di carattere polemico o controversistico. I teologi adottano invece il concetto dogmatico di 'doctrina', identificando la 'veritas' nell’ortodossia e favorendo il formarsi di un clima di oscurantismo clericale e di generale intolleranza nei confronti dell’autonomia umanistica, dell’individualismo religioso e del libero pensiero, con Valla, Erasmo e Machiavelli in testa.\r\nIn questo libro l’autore prende in esame il primato normativo della verità nella Chiesa del Cinquecento e del primo Seicento con lo scopo di illustrare modelli culturali e pedagogici della Controriforma e rilevarne i miti: cronotassi pontificia, agiografia e culto delle reliquie, concetto eroico del documento, didattica figurativa, giurisdizione curiale, temporalismo papale. Tuttavia, la sopravvivenza della tradizione umanistica e il suo confrontarsi dialetticamente con le culture dogmatiche di Riforma e Controriforma si evidenziano in momenti significativi della storia culturale e religiosa della prima età moderna: in particolare, nel dibattito europeo 'de puniendis haereticis' originato dal tragico rogo di Michele Serveto, nel ricorso all’elemento storico in sede di polemica confessionale, nei processi di Bruno e Galilei e nelle discussioni sulla 'libertas investigandi', nel nicodemismo di artisti, scienziati e anticlericali cristiani, infine nella ripresa – specialmente in Olanda e nelle aree della diaspora sociniana – del pacifismo erasmiano e dell’utopismo di Thomas More, associati alla critica del Valla e all’irenismo di Sebastiano Castellione. Un esempio insigne è la proposta irenica di Jakob Arminius, calvinista di cultura umanistica, formulata a Leida nel 1605 con l’intento di superare i contrasti tra cristiani e realizzare la pacificazione sociale e religiosa.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54638244,"asset_id":2568960,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3329638,"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Zen","domain_name":"unipartenop","page_name":"StefanoZen","display_name":"Stefano Zen","profile_url":"https://unipartenop.academia.edu/StefanoZen?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3329638/1115555/22183611/s65_stefano.zen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":134,"name":"Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":3027,"name":"Renaissance Humanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Humanism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5132,"name":"Reformation History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reformation_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7978,"name":"Political History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19109,"name":"Spiritualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spiritualism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25719,"name":"Religious History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":28247,"name":"Modern Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Jewish_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":29330,"name":"Heresy and Inquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heresy_and_Inquisition?f_ri=14893"},{"id":42845,"name":"Religious Toleration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Toleration?f_ri=14893"},{"id":52106,"name":"Socinianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socinianism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":61308,"name":"Michelangelo Buonarroti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Michelangelo_Buonarroti?f_ri=14893"},{"id":63617,"name":"Book Censorship (history)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Censorship_history_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":73283,"name":"Heresy and Orthodoxy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heresy_and_Orthodoxy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":78547,"name":"Machiavellianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machiavellianism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":239383,"name":"Counter-Reformation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Counter-Reformation?f_ri=14893"},{"id":313167,"name":"Vittoria Colonna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vittoria_Colonna?f_ri=14893"},{"id":412404,"name":"Arminianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arminianism?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5319590" data-work_id="5319590" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5319590/From_Triumphant_to_Suffering_Jesus_Visual_and_Literary_Depictions_of_the_Crucifixion_300_1200">From Triumphant to Suffering Jesus: Visual and Literary Depictions of the Crucifixion, 300-1200</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The twelfth century was a period of significant development and change in the religious and secular world of Western Europe. One area of transition occurred in depictions of Christ’s crucifixion. In both writing and art, the triumphant... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5319590" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The twelfth century was a period of significant development and change in the religious and secular world of Western Europe. One area of transition occurred in depictions of Christ’s crucifixion. In both writing and art, the triumphant living Christ of the early Middle ages, was transformed into the dying, suffering, and yet majestic savior of the twelfth century.  This essay examines images and written sources from the fourth to the twelfth centuries, and seeks to determine how the twelfth century renaissance and reformation—based on the discovery of the individual— influenced this evolution.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5319590" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="06d3c7ffbae7322372fd6726bbc19294" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53328845,"asset_id":5319590,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53328845/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2282044" href="https://uq.academia.edu/MichaelStewart">Michael E Stewart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2282044" type="text/json">{"id":2282044,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Stewart","domain_name":"uq","page_name":"MichaelStewart","display_name":"Michael E Stewart","profile_url":"https://uq.academia.edu/MichaelStewart?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2282044/725398/34046214/s65_michael.stewart.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5319590 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5319590"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5319590, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5319590", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5319590 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5319590; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5319590"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5319590 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5319590"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5319590; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5319590]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5319590").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5319590").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5319590"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">27</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="109" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity">Christianity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="109" type="text/json">{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5319590]'), work: {"id":5319590,"title":"From Triumphant to Suffering Jesus: Visual and Literary Depictions of the Crucifixion, 300-1200","created_at":"2013-12-04T10:13:19.960-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5319590/From_Triumphant_to_Suffering_Jesus_Visual_and_Literary_Depictions_of_the_Crucifixion_300_1200?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_5319590","summary":"The twelfth century was a period of significant development and change in the religious and secular world of Western Europe. One area of transition occurred in depictions of Christ’s crucifixion. In both writing and art, the triumphant living Christ of the early Middle ages, was transformed into the dying, suffering, and yet majestic savior of the twelfth century. This essay examines images and written sources from the fourth to the twelfth centuries, and seeks to determine how the twelfth century renaissance and reformation—based on the discovery of the individual— influenced this evolution.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53328845,"asset_id":5319590,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2282044,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Stewart","domain_name":"uq","page_name":"MichaelStewart","display_name":"Michael E Stewart","profile_url":"https://uq.academia.edu/MichaelStewart?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2282044/725398/34046214/s65_michael.stewart.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2471,"name":"History of Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3028,"name":"Crusades","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crusades?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3617,"name":"Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10091,"name":"Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Byzantine_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":22386,"name":"Medieval Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Art?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23065,"name":"Early Middle Ages (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Middle_Ages_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23692,"name":"Historical Jesus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Jesus?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25719,"name":"Religious History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":81894,"name":"Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Ages?f_ri=14893"},{"id":247741,"name":"Crucifixion in Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crucifixion_in_Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34529048" data-work_id="34529048" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34529048/Confraternite_di_San_Francesco_di_Paola">Confraternite di San Francesco di Paola</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34529048" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="99469c329b683bcb9f854dd4d4b418a8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54394114,"asset_id":34529048,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54394114/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61739458" href="https://pul.academia.edu/dePalma">Luigi Michele de Palma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61739458" type="text/json">{"id":61739458,"first_name":"Luigi Michele","last_name":"de Palma","domain_name":"pul","page_name":"dePalma","display_name":"Luigi Michele de Palma","profile_url":"https://pul.academia.edu/dePalma?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61739458/16892718/17119436/s65_luigi_michele.de_palma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34529048 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34529048"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34529048, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34529048", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34529048 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34529048; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34529048"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34529048 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34529048"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34529048; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34529048]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34529048").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34529048").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34529048"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19220" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternities_and_Luoghi_Pii">Confraternities and Luoghi Pii</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19220" type="text/json">{"id":19220,"name":"Confraternities and Luoghi Pii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternities_and_Luoghi_Pii?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="158189" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History">Catholic Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="158189" type="text/json">{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="209467" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternite_laiche">Confraternite laiche</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="209467" type="text/json">{"id":209467,"name":"Confraternite laiche","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternite_laiche?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34529048]'), work: {"id":34529048,"title":"Confraternite di San Francesco di Paola","created_at":"2017-09-10T12:21:39.309-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34529048/Confraternite_di_San_Francesco_di_Paola?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_34529048","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54394114,"asset_id":34529048,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61739458,"first_name":"Luigi Michele","last_name":"de Palma","domain_name":"pul","page_name":"dePalma","display_name":"Luigi Michele de Palma","profile_url":"https://pul.academia.edu/dePalma?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61739458/16892718/17119436/s65_luigi_michele.de_palma.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":19220,"name":"Confraternities and Luoghi Pii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternities_and_Luoghi_Pii?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":209467,"name":"Confraternite laiche","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternite_laiche?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":411239,"name":"Confraternities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternities?f_ri=14893"},{"id":441583,"name":"Confraternities studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternities_studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":662124,"name":"Confraternity Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternity_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":979516,"name":"Confraternite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confraternite?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1935607,"name":"San Francesco di Paola","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/San_Francesco_di_Paola?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30353577" data-work_id="30353577" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30353577/I_Terzi_di_Parma_Sissa_e_Fermo_Prefazione_di_Marco_Gentile_Fonti_e_Studi_serie_I_XXI_Parma_presso_la_Deputazione_di_Storia_Patria_per_le_Province_Parmensi_2017">I Terzi di Parma, Sissa e Fermo, Prefazione di Marco Gentile ("Fonti e Studi", serie I, XXI), Parma, presso la Deputazione di Storia Patria per le Province Parmensi, 2017</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30353577" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="292b87f4c466893fa04f7cd7d2d547d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53219828,"asset_id":30353577,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53219828/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10107980" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PaoloCont">Paolo Cont</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10107980" type="text/json">{"id":10107980,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Cont","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaoloCont","display_name":"Paolo Cont","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaoloCont?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10107980/3114231/3665989/s65_paolo.cont.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30353577 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30353577"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30353577, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30353577", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30353577 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30353577; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30353577"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30353577 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30353577"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30353577; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30353577]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30353577").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30353577").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30353577"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">38</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History">Military History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133" type="text/json">{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1446" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1446" type="text/json">{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1727" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History">Early Modern History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1727" type="text/json">{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_European_History_">Italian (European History)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1744" type="text/json">{"id":1744,"name":"Italian (European History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_European_History_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30353577]'), work: {"id":30353577,"title":"I Terzi di Parma, Sissa e Fermo, Prefazione di Marco Gentile (\"Fonti e Studi\", serie I, XXI), Parma, presso la Deputazione di Storia Patria per le Province Parmensi, 2017","created_at":"2016-12-09T11:41:10.643-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30353577/I_Terzi_di_Parma_Sissa_e_Fermo_Prefazione_di_Marco_Gentile_Fonti_e_Studi_serie_I_XXI_Parma_presso_la_Deputazione_di_Storia_Patria_per_le_Province_Parmensi_2017?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_30353577","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53219828,"asset_id":30353577,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10107980,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Cont","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PaoloCont","display_name":"Paolo Cont","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PaoloCont?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10107980/3114231/3665989/s65_paolo.cont.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1744,"name":"Italian (European History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_European_History_?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2987,"name":"Renaissance Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7354,"name":"Early Modern Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Europe?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10588,"name":"16th Century (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/16th_Century_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11143,"name":"Nobility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nobility?f_ri=14893"},{"id":12110,"name":"Cultural History of War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History_of_War?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":15588,"name":"Social History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":16923,"name":"Early Modern Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Italy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19087,"name":"Military and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_and_Politics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19501,"name":"Medieval Nobility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Nobility?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25172,"name":"Courts and Elites (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Courts_and_Elites_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":32446,"name":"History of War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_War?f_ri=14893"},{"id":41222,"name":"Medieval Aristocracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Aristocracy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":42649,"name":"Small States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_States?f_ri=14893"},{"id":54478,"name":"Aristocracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aristocracy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":201621,"name":"14th Century","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/14th_Century?f_ri=14893"},{"id":210537,"name":"History of Mantova","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Mantova?f_ri=14893"},{"id":210559,"name":"Sforza family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sforza_family?f_ri=14893"},{"id":274107,"name":"Este Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Este_Family?f_ri=14893"},{"id":279462,"name":"15th Century","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/15th_Century?f_ri=14893"},{"id":425039,"name":"History of the Milanese Duchy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Milanese_Duchy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":440584,"name":"The Gonzaga of Mantua","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Gonzaga_of_Mantua?f_ri=14893"},{"id":443702,"name":"Filippo Maria Visconti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filippo_Maria_Visconti?f_ri=14893"},{"id":651827,"name":"Visconti Family","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visconti_Family?f_ri=14893"},{"id":741463,"name":"MIlan under Visconti and Sforza","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MIlan_under_Visconti_and_Sforza?f_ri=14893"},{"id":867371,"name":"History of Parma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Parma?f_ri=14893"},{"id":867372,"name":"History of Piacenza","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Piacenza?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1252535,"name":"Condottieri Di Ventura","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condottieri_Di_Ventura?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1429488,"name":"Francesco Sforza","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Francesco_Sforza?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1576198,"name":"Gian Galeazzo Visconti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gian_Galeazzo_Visconti?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2568011,"name":"History of Modena","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Modena?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4535739" data-work_id="4535739" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4535739/Book_Newly_Available_Jerusalem_and_Babylon_A_Study_of_Augustines_City_of_God_and_the_Sources_of_his_Doctrine_of_the_Two_Cities_Leiden_Boston_BRILL_2013">Book Newly Available: Jerusalem and Babylon: A Study of Augustine's City of God and the Sources of his Doctrine of the Two Cities, Leiden-Boston: BRILL 2013</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4535739" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fa50290a6f98cc97e60685617c909f99" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41411490,"asset_id":4535739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41411490/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3810490" href="https://up-za.academia.edu/JohannesvanOort">Johannes van Oort</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3810490" type="text/json">{"id":3810490,"first_name":"Johannes","last_name":"van Oort","domain_name":"up-za","page_name":"JohannesvanOort","display_name":"Johannes van Oort","profile_url":"https://up-za.academia.edu/JohannesvanOort?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3810490/1772546/21125063/s65_johannes.van_oort.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4535739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4535739"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4535739, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4535739", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4535739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4535739; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4535739"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4535739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4535739"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4535739; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4535739]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4535739").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4535739").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4535739"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">60</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="110" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="110" type="text/json">{"id":110,"name":"Gnosticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History">Ancient History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="130" type="text/json">{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4535739]'), work: {"id":4535739,"title":"Book Newly Available: Jerusalem and Babylon: A Study of Augustine's City of God and the Sources of his Doctrine of the Two Cities, Leiden-Boston: BRILL 2013","created_at":"2013-09-19T23:59:24.552-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4535739/Book_Newly_Available_Jerusalem_and_Babylon_A_Study_of_Augustines_City_of_God_and_the_Sources_of_his_Doctrine_of_the_Two_Cities_Leiden_Boston_BRILL_2013?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_4535739","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41411490,"asset_id":4535739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3810490,"first_name":"Johannes","last_name":"van Oort","domain_name":"up-za","page_name":"JohannesvanOort","display_name":"Johannes van Oort","profile_url":"https://up-za.academia.edu/JohannesvanOort?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3810490/1772546/21125063/s65_johannes.van_oort.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":110,"name":"Gnosticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnosticism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":135,"name":"Intellectual History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":211,"name":"Sociology of Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Culture?f_ri=14893"},{"id":217,"name":"Sociology of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=14893"},{"id":826,"name":"Greek Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":827,"name":"Latin Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_Literature?f_ri=14893"},{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":902,"name":"Philosophy Of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_Of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":957,"name":"Cultural Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Sociology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":983,"name":"Jewish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1302,"name":"Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2132,"name":"Cultural Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2280,"name":"Historical Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=14893"},{"id":3723,"name":"History of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Science?f_ri=14893"},{"id":4195,"name":"Cultural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Theory?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5326,"name":"Early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5624,"name":"Qumranic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qumranic_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":6627,"name":"Jewish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7617,"name":"Medieval Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":9755,"name":"Second Temple Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Temple_Judaism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10099,"name":"History of Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religions?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10104,"name":"Ancient Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10551,"name":"Ancient Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Historiography?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10711,"name":"Augustine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustine?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":17918,"name":"Intellectual and cultural history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_and_cultural_history?f_ri=14893"},{"id":19430,"name":"Jewish Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jewish_Philosophy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":21938,"name":"History of Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Historiography?f_ri=14893"},{"id":25198,"name":"Ancient Greek Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Philosophy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":26445,"name":"Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":31391,"name":"Manichaeism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manichaeism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":51754,"name":"Dualism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dualism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":53102,"name":"Ancient Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Judaism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":56302,"name":"Patristics and Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics_and_Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":67052,"name":"Judaic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Judaic_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":74486,"name":"Qumran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qumran?f_ri=14893"},{"id":78575,"name":"Roman North Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_North_Africa?f_ri=14893"},{"id":78598,"name":"Early Judaism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Judaism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":88935,"name":"Sociología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=14893"},{"id":95455,"name":"A Tale of Two Cities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/A_Tale_of_Two_Cities?f_ri=14893"},{"id":103291,"name":"Gnostic writings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gnostic_writings?f_ri=14893"},{"id":127942,"name":"Apostolic Fathers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apostolic_Fathers?f_ri=14893"},{"id":169015,"name":"catechesis in early Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/catechesis_in_early_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":378963,"name":"Greek Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Patristics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":528835,"name":"Tyconius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tyconius?f_ri=14893"},{"id":620285,"name":"History of Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Philosophy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1019152,"name":"History of Judaism In Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Judaism_In_Antiquity?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60041309" data-work_id="60041309" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60041309/Book_The_Franciscans_in_Colonial_Mexico_U_of_Oklahoma_Press_AAFH_2022">Book. The Franciscans in Colonial Mexico. U of Oklahoma Press; AAFH; 2022</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Generations of scholars have studied the multifaceted experiences of the Franciscans in Mexico and how the Franciscan order shaped New Spain and the early Mexican republic. Recent scholarship has given long-overdue attention to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60041309" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Generations of scholars have studied the multifaceted experiences of the Franciscans in Mexico and how the Franciscan order shaped New Spain and the early Mexican republic. Recent scholarship has given long-overdue attention to the evangelized natives. Most of these works focus on a specific region or period, or on a particular aspect of Franciscan ministries in New Spain. A comprehensive account of the Franciscans in Mexico over the long term has been missing, until now.<br /><br />This book analyzes the Franciscans’ engagement with native peoples, creole populations, the viceregal authorities, and the Spanish empire as a whole in order to offer a broad picture of Catholic evangelization in North America while keeping the Franciscans at the center of the story. Published in 2021, during commemoration of the quincentenary of the Spanish—and thus the Franciscan—presence in Mexico, the book brings together the research of junior and senior scholars from Mexico, Spain, and the United States on the long-enduring and far-reaching Franciscan presence in Mexico.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60041309" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d4eba25ddae5b5277afc69c3144a168" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73660599,"asset_id":60041309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73660599/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="416958" href="https://unt.academia.edu/DavidRexGalindo">David Rex Galindo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="416958" type="text/json">{"id":416958,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Rex Galindo","domain_name":"unt","page_name":"DavidRexGalindo","display_name":"David Rex Galindo","profile_url":"https://unt.academia.edu/DavidRexGalindo?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/416958/746660/18705741/s65_david.rex_galindo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60041309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60041309"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60041309, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60041309", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60041309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60041309; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60041309"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60041309 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60041309"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60041309; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60041309]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60041309").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60041309").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60041309"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1250" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History">Latin American and Caribbean History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1250" type="text/json">{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6280" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missiology_and_Mission_Theology">Missiology and Mission Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6280" type="text/json">{"id":6280,"name":"Missiology and Mission Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missiology_and_Mission_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6564" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico_History">Mexico History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6564" type="text/json">{"id":6564,"name":"Mexico History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60041309]'), work: {"id":60041309,"title":"Book. The Franciscans in Colonial Mexico. U of Oklahoma Press; AAFH; 2022","created_at":"2021-10-26T06:06:49.921-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60041309/Book_The_Franciscans_in_Colonial_Mexico_U_of_Oklahoma_Press_AAFH_2022?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_60041309","summary":"Generations of scholars have studied the multifaceted experiences of the Franciscans in Mexico and how the Franciscan order shaped New Spain and the early Mexican republic. Recent scholarship has given long-overdue attention to the evangelized natives. Most of these works focus on a specific region or period, or on a particular aspect of Franciscan ministries in New Spain. A comprehensive account of the Franciscans in Mexico over the long term has been missing, until now.\n\nThis book analyzes the Franciscans’ engagement with native peoples, creole populations, the viceregal authorities, and the Spanish empire as a whole in order to offer a broad picture of Catholic evangelization in North America while keeping the Franciscans at the center of the story. Published in 2021, during commemoration of the quincentenary of the Spanish—and thus the Franciscan—presence in Mexico, the book brings together the research of junior and senior scholars from Mexico, Spain, and the United States on the long-enduring and far-reaching Franciscan presence in Mexico.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73660599,"asset_id":60041309,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":416958,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Rex Galindo","domain_name":"unt","page_name":"DavidRexGalindo","display_name":"David Rex Galindo","profile_url":"https://unt.academia.edu/DavidRexGalindo?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/416958/746660/18705741/s65_david.rex_galindo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1250,"name":"Latin American and Caribbean History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_and_Caribbean_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":6280,"name":"Missiology and Mission Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missiology_and_Mission_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":6564,"name":"Mexico History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexico_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":8495,"name":"History of Missions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Missions?f_ri=14893"},{"id":10855,"name":"Franciscan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Franciscan_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":56989,"name":"Latin America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_America?f_ri=14893"},{"id":103130,"name":"Catholic Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church?f_ri=14893"},{"id":116468,"name":"Church and State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_and_State?f_ri=14893"},{"id":164839,"name":"History of the Franciscan Order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Franciscan_Order?f_ri=14893"},{"id":360434,"name":"Historia de México","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_de_M%C3%A9xico-1?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34680366 coauthored" data-work_id="34680366" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34680366/Structural_and_Ornamental_Use_of_Timber_in_Hagia_Triada_Church_Ayval%C4%B1k">Structural and Ornamental Use of Timber in Hagia Triada Church, Ayvalık</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Keywords: Conservation, Timber-Frame Structural System, Hagia Triada Church, Ayvalık Abstract Intoduction: This paper has emerged within the scope of "Design in Architectural Conservation" course of METU, Department of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34680366" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Keywords: <br />Conservation, Timber-Frame Structural System, Hagia Triada Church, Ayvalık <br /> <br />Abstract <br />Intoduction: <br />This paper has emerged within the scope of "Design in Architectural Conservation" course of METU, Department of Architecture, Graduate Program in Conservation of Cultural Heritage in the fall semester of 2017. This paper aims to reveal the various structural and ornamental uses of timber and analyze the construction details of Hagia Triada Church. Hagia Triada, a 19th century Greek Orthodox Church in Ayvalık was examined. <br /> <br />Developments: <br />Hagia Triada Church is located in Ayvalık which was an important Greek settlement during 18th and 19th century. The church was built in 1846 as the last church of 11 churches settled in the town. It has a basilical plan with three naves and a gallery floor above the narthex located in west. Composite system applied to the building, stone masonry and timber frame structure is used together. Main outer walls and narthex were constructed with the stone masonry while the roof and gallery floor were constructed with the timber frame. In addition, roof structure is carried by monolithic timber columns which divide the naves and the roof structure is covered by ornamented timber ceilings. Since the church is mostly demolished, construction techniques that have very rare characteristics of timber system can be observed in a detailed way. <br /> <br />Remarks and Conclusion: <br />The Hagia Triada Church reflects the details of craftsmanship, timber construction system and techniques, material usage and artistic features of its period. This is very important in terms of documentation because all the information on timber construction technique of its period is gathered with detailed examination and documentation. Therefore, the examination and documentation of the building gains more importance to conserve it and transfer in it to future generations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34680366" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="81723b9370feb5fa6cd2ba8815cffa9f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54539564,"asset_id":34680366,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54539564/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25858569" href="https://metu.academia.edu/g%C3%B6khanokumu%C5%9F">Gökhan Okumuş</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25858569" type="text/json">{"id":25858569,"first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Okumuş","domain_name":"metu","page_name":"gökhanokumuş","display_name":"Gökhan Okumuş","profile_url":"https://metu.academia.edu/g%C3%B6khanokumu%C5%9F?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25858569/7088098/23630646/s65_g_khan.okumu_.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34680366">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34680366"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://eur.academia.edu/NURSAHCABBAR">NURSAH CABBAR SEVEN</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://metu.academia.edu/merve%C3%B6zt%C3%BCrk">merve öztürk</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34680366'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34680366').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34680366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34680366"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34680366, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34680366", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34680366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34680366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34680366"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34680366 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34680366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34680366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34680366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34680366").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34680366").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34680366"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2809" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation">Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2809" type="text/json">{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5459" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Conservation">Cultural Heritage Conservation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5459" type="text/json">{"id":5459,"name":"Cultural Heritage Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Conservation?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="115849" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ayvalik">Ayvalık</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="115849" type="text/json">{"id":115849,"name":"Ayvalık","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ayvalik?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34680366]'), work: {"id":34680366,"title":"Structural and Ornamental Use of Timber in Hagia Triada Church, Ayvalık","created_at":"2017-09-26T03:09:04.642-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34680366/Structural_and_Ornamental_Use_of_Timber_in_Hagia_Triada_Church_Ayval%C4%B1k?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_34680366","summary":"Keywords: \r\nConservation, Timber-Frame Structural System, Hagia Triada Church, Ayvalık\r\n\r\nAbstract\r\nIntoduction: \r\nThis paper has emerged within the scope of \"Design in Architectural Conservation\" course of METU, Department of Architecture, Graduate Program in Conservation of Cultural Heritage in the fall semester of 2017. This paper aims to reveal the various structural and ornamental uses of timber and analyze the construction details of Hagia Triada Church. Hagia Triada, a 19th century Greek Orthodox Church in Ayvalık was examined.\r\n\r\nDevelopments:\r\nHagia Triada Church is located in Ayvalık which was an important Greek settlement during 18th and 19th century. The church was built in 1846 as the last church of 11 churches settled in the town. It has a basilical plan with three naves and a gallery floor above the narthex located in west. Composite system applied to the building, stone masonry and timber frame structure is used together. Main outer walls and narthex were constructed with the stone masonry while the roof and gallery floor were constructed with the timber frame. In addition, roof structure is carried by monolithic timber columns which divide the naves and the roof structure is covered by ornamented timber ceilings. Since the church is mostly demolished, construction techniques that have very rare characteristics of timber system can be observed in a detailed way.\r\n \r\nRemarks and Conclusion:\r\nThe Hagia Triada Church reflects the details of craftsmanship, timber construction system and techniques, material usage and artistic features of its period. This is very important in terms of documentation because all the information on timber construction technique of its period is gathered with detailed examination and documentation. Therefore, the examination and documentation of the building gains more importance to conserve it and transfer in it to future generations.\r\n\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54539564,"asset_id":34680366,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25858569,"first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Okumuş","domain_name":"metu","page_name":"gökhanokumuş","display_name":"Gökhan Okumuş","profile_url":"https://metu.academia.edu/g%C3%B6khanokumu%C5%9F?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25858569/7088098/23630646/s65_g_khan.okumu_.jpg"},{"id":24212681,"first_name":"NURSAH","last_name":"CABBAR SEVEN","domain_name":"eur","page_name":"NURSAHCABBAR","display_name":"NURSAH CABBAR SEVEN","profile_url":"https://eur.academia.edu/NURSAHCABBAR?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24212681/13484895/14884215/s65_nursah.cabbar.jpg"},{"id":41097928,"first_name":"merve","last_name":"öztürk","domain_name":"metu","page_name":"merveöztürk","display_name":"merve öztürk","profile_url":"https://metu.academia.edu/merve%C3%B6zt%C3%BCrk?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41097928/17827026/33716806/s65_merve._zt_rk.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2809,"name":"Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conservation?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":5459,"name":"Cultural Heritage Conservation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Heritage_Conservation?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":115849,"name":"Ayvalık","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ayvalik?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":218343,"name":"TIMBER STRUCTURES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TIMBER_STRUCTURES?f_ri=14893"},{"id":979033,"name":"Timber Frame Structures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Timber_Frame_Structures?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8583513" data-work_id="8583513" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8583513/Lecture_on_the_Life_and_Works_of_Augustine">Lecture on the Life and Works of Augustine</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">These are the lecture notes for a lecture on the Life and Works of Augustine at the Moody Church for the equipping ministry at the church.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8583513" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ad11ec1cf78c63cb0d46d685a52ab6cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34952324,"asset_id":8583513,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34952324/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7542310" href="https://aberdeen.academia.edu/DanielCameron">Daniel J Cameron</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7542310" type="text/json">{"id":7542310,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Cameron","domain_name":"aberdeen","page_name":"DanielCameron","display_name":"Daniel J Cameron","profile_url":"https://aberdeen.academia.edu/DanielCameron?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7542310/4478855/117305929/s65_daniel.cameron.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8583513 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8583513"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8583513, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8583513", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8583513 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8583513; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8583513"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8583513 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8583513"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8583513; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8583513]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8583513").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8583513").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8583513"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3617" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church">Early Church</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3617" type="text/json">{"id":3617,"name":"Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10711" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustine">Augustine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10711" type="text/json">{"id":10711,"name":"Augustine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustine?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11076" type="text/json">{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8583513]'), work: {"id":8583513,"title":"Lecture on the Life and Works of Augustine","created_at":"2014-10-01T00:20:00.823-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8583513/Lecture_on_the_Life_and_Works_of_Augustine?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_8583513","summary":"These are the lecture notes for a lecture on the Life and Works of Augustine at the Moody Church for the equipping ministry at the church.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34952324,"asset_id":8583513,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7542310,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Cameron","domain_name":"aberdeen","page_name":"DanielCameron","display_name":"Daniel J Cameron","profile_url":"https://aberdeen.academia.edu/DanielCameron?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7542310/4478855/117305929/s65_daniel.cameron.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3617,"name":"Early Church","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":10711,"name":"Augustine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Augustine?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44517447" data-work_id="44517447" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44517447/Zawarto%C5%9B%C4%87_tom%C3%B3w_I_X_WYKAZY_OS%C3%93B_Z_AKT_PARAFIALNYCH_DIECEZJI_%C5%81UCKIEJ_DO_1945_ROKU">Zawartość tomów I-X WYKAZY OSÓB Z AKT PARAFIALNYCH DIECEZJI ŁUCKIEJ DO 1945 ROKU</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44517447" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0ef5b38a0f93f6483bf0a798b012507a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64959374,"asset_id":44517447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64959374/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="122939405" href="https://kul.academia.edu/WaldemarW%C5%BBurek">Waldemar W. Żurek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="122939405" type="text/json">{"id":122939405,"first_name":"Waldemar W.","last_name":"Żurek","domain_name":"kul","page_name":"WaldemarWŻurek","display_name":"Waldemar W. Żurek","profile_url":"https://kul.academia.edu/WaldemarW%C5%BBurek?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/122939405/30892773/28577853/s65_waldemar_w.._urek.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44517447 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44517447"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44517447, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44517447", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44517447 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44517447; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44517447"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44517447 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44517447"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44517447; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44517447]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44517447").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44517447").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44517447"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44517447]'), work: {"id":44517447,"title":"Zawartość tomów I-X WYKAZY OSÓB Z AKT PARAFIALNYCH DIECEZJI ŁUCKIEJ DO 1945 ROKU","created_at":"2020-11-17T04:10:05.137-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44517447/Zawarto%C5%9B%C4%87_tom%C3%B3w_I_X_WYKAZY_OS%C3%93B_Z_AKT_PARAFIALNYCH_DIECEZJI_%C5%81UCKIEJ_DO_1945_ROKU?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_44517447","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64959374,"asset_id":44517447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":122939405,"first_name":"Waldemar W.","last_name":"Żurek","domain_name":"kul","page_name":"WaldemarWŻurek","display_name":"Waldemar W. Żurek","profile_url":"https://kul.academia.edu/WaldemarW%C5%BBurek?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/122939405/30892773/28577853/s65_waldemar_w.._urek.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24427435" data-work_id="24427435" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24427435/The_significance_and_impact_of_Tertullian_on_the_early_Church">The significance and impact of Tertullian on the early Church</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24427435" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e816a42172163cd01a1998119abaa51b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44757712,"asset_id":24427435,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44757712/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43308964" href="https://malyon.academia.edu/JeremyHollyer">Jeremy Hollyer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43308964" type="text/json">{"id":43308964,"first_name":"Jeremy","last_name":"Hollyer","domain_name":"malyon","page_name":"JeremyHollyer","display_name":"Jeremy Hollyer","profile_url":"https://malyon.academia.edu/JeremyHollyer?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43308964/12436303/22065027/s65_jeremy.hollyer.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24427435 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24427435"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24427435, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24427435", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24427435 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24427435; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24427435"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24427435 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24427435"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24427435; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24427435]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24427435").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24427435").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24427435"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14893" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History">Church History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14893" type="text/json">{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Apologetics">Christian Apologetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21659" type="text/json">{"id":21659,"name":"Christian Apologetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Apologetics?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44792" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tertullian">Tertullian</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44792" type="text/json">{"id":44792,"name":"Tertullian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tertullian?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60289" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_History">Early Church History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60289" type="text/json">{"id":60289,"name":"Early Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24427435]'), work: {"id":24427435,"title":"The significance and impact of Tertullian on the early Church","created_at":"2016-04-15T03:45:25.386-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24427435/The_significance_and_impact_of_Tertullian_on_the_early_Church?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_24427435","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44757712,"asset_id":24427435,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43308964,"first_name":"Jeremy","last_name":"Hollyer","domain_name":"malyon","page_name":"JeremyHollyer","display_name":"Jeremy Hollyer","profile_url":"https://malyon.academia.edu/JeremyHollyer?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43308964/12436303/22065027/s65_jeremy.hollyer.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":21659,"name":"Christian Apologetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_Apologetics?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":44792,"name":"Tertullian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tertullian?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":60289,"name":"Early Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":66724,"name":"Early Church Fathers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Church_Fathers?f_ri=14893"},{"id":297703,"name":"Christian worldview","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christian_worldview?f_ri=14893"},{"id":396584,"name":"Early Christian thought","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Christian_thought?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31192278" data-work_id="31192278" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31192278/Privilege_of_Rome_The_Catholic_Church_s_Attempt_to_Control_the_Printed_Legacy_of_the_Council_of_Trent_in_The_Council_of_Trent_Reform_and_Controversy_in_Europe_and_Beyond_1545_1700_ed_by_V_Soen_and_W_Fran%C3%A7ois_3_vols_G%C3%B6ttingen_2018_I_pp_341_369">'Privilege of Rome: The Catholic Church’s Attempt to Control the Printed Legacy of the Council of Trent', in The Council of Trent: Reform and Controversy in Europe and Beyond (1545-1700), ed. by V. Soen and W. François, 3 vols, Göttingen 2018, I, pp. 341-369</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31192278" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d812cec4668d33c8a56a89486761f2d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58574779,"asset_id":31192278,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58574779/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8658927" href="https://unige.academia.edu/PaoloSachet">Paolo Sachet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8658927" type="text/json">{"id":8658927,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Sachet","domain_name":"unige","page_name":"PaoloSachet","display_name":"Paolo Sachet","profile_url":"https://unige.academia.edu/PaoloSachet?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8658927/3223314/3793327/s65_paolo.sachet.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31192278 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31192278"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31192278, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31192278", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31192278 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31192278; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31192278"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31192278 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31192278"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31192278; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31192278]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31192278").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31192278").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31192278"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">26</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History">European History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="131" type="text/json">{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="545" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canon_Law">Canon Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="545" type="text/json">{"id":545,"name":"Canon Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canon_Law?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1746" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Catholicism">European Catholicism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1746" type="text/json">{"id":1746,"name":"European Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Catholicism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Studies">Italian Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2221" type="text/json">{"id":2221,"name":"Italian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31192278]'), work: {"id":31192278,"title":"'Privilege of Rome: The Catholic Church’s Attempt to Control the Printed Legacy of the Council of Trent', in The Council of Trent: Reform and Controversy in Europe and Beyond (1545-1700), ed. by V. Soen and W. François, 3 vols, Göttingen 2018, I, pp. 341-369","created_at":"2017-02-03T01:32:38.552-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31192278/Privilege_of_Rome_The_Catholic_Church_s_Attempt_to_Control_the_Printed_Legacy_of_the_Council_of_Trent_in_The_Council_of_Trent_Reform_and_Controversy_in_Europe_and_Beyond_1545_1700_ed_by_V_Soen_and_W_Fran%C3%A7ois_3_vols_G%C3%B6ttingen_2018_I_pp_341_369?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_31192278","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58574779,"asset_id":31192278,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8658927,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Sachet","domain_name":"unige","page_name":"PaoloSachet","display_name":"Paolo Sachet","profile_url":"https://unige.academia.edu/PaoloSachet?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8658927/3223314/3793327/s65_paolo.sachet.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":131,"name":"European History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_History?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":545,"name":"Canon Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canon_Law?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":1746,"name":"European Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Catholicism?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2221,"name":"Italian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Studies?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":2340,"name":"Book History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2811,"name":"History of the Book","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_the_Book?f_ri=14893"},{"id":2987,"name":"Renaissance Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Studies?f_ri=14893"},{"id":5147,"name":"Tridentine Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tridentine_Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":7908,"name":"Papacy (Medieval Church History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Medieval_Church_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11245,"name":"History of Roman Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Roman_Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":12607,"name":"History of Church Councils","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Church_Councils?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":16923,"name":"Early Modern Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Italy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":17486,"name":"Printing History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Printing_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":20432,"name":"Book History (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_History_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":22788,"name":"Renaissance Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":23866,"name":"Christianity and Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity_and_Rome?f_ri=14893"},{"id":27392,"name":"Early Modern Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":40122,"name":"Roman Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":41501,"name":"Catholicism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholicism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":45213,"name":"Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italy?f_ri=14893"},{"id":129437,"name":"Council of Trent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Council_of_Trent?f_ri=14893"},{"id":158189,"name":"Catholic Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catholic_Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":162166,"name":"Papacy (Early Modern and Modern Church History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Early_Modern_and_Modern_Church_History_?f_ri=14893"},{"id":345925,"name":"Sixteenth Century History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sixteenth_Century_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":429524,"name":"History of Books, Printing, and Publishing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Books_Printing_and_Publishing?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42077710" data-work_id="42077710" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42077710/Spiritual_Experience_in_Orthodoxy_and_the_Pentecostal_Concept_of_the_Works_of_the_Holy_Spirit_a_Comparative_Study_subtitle_Experien%C8%9Bie_spirituale_%C3%AEn_ortodoxie_%C5%9Fi_concep%C8%9Bia_penticostal%C4%83_despre_lucrarea_Duhului_Sf%C3%A2nt_studiu_comparat">Spiritual Experience in Orthodoxy and the Pentecostal Concept of the Works of the Holy Spirit : a Comparative Study [subtitle:] Experienție spirituale în ortodoxie şi concepția penticostală despre lucrarea Duhului Sfânt : studiu comparat</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study explores common ground and affinities between Christian Orthodoxy and Pentecostalism in theology, spirituality, cosmology, anthropology and the understanding of rites and sacraments. The focus is on the understanding and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42077710" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study explores common ground and affinities between Christian Orthodoxy and Pentecostalism in theology, spirituality, cosmology, anthropology and the understanding of rites and sacraments. The focus is on the understanding and perception of the Holy Spirit, with regard to spiritual experience, personal transformation and the life of the Church. It also reflects on the African religious heritage of Christianity in the formation of these forms of spiritual experience and expression. The role and development of African Instituted Churches is taken into view, aware of their common heritage with Pentecostalism and of their distinctness. The context of ecumenical exchange between Pentecostalism and the Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox Churches in the 20th century is considered as background for the realization of convergences. The growing awareness in both Pentecostalism and Orthodoxy of their common ground, based in the hermeneutics and spirituality of early Christianity is recognized and recommended as field for further engagement. The common affirmation of both Churches of a spiritual world view in contrast to the positivistic ‘naturalistic’ world view of secular Enlightenment – as distinct from the spiritual branch of Enlightenment in which Pentecostalism is rooted through Pietism – is recognized as common ground for mutual understanding and critical difference to mainstream Western secularism. This study thus aims at fostering a better mutual understanding of Pentecostal and Orthodox Churches and of their epistemological agreements with regard to the challenges of secular cultures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42077710" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c1ceea3cb1a3bf67a701136ad0b2c694" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64645466,"asset_id":42077710,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64645466/download_file?st=MTczMjc5MTkzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1027172" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UllrichKleinhempel">Ullrich R . Kleinhempel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1027172" type="text/json">{"id":1027172,"first_name":"Ullrich","last_name":"Kleinhempel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UllrichKleinhempel","display_name":"Ullrich R . Kleinhempel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UllrichKleinhempel?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1027172/8935654/66488457/s65_ullrich.kleinhempel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42077710 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42077710"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42077710, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42077710", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42077710 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42077710; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42077710"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42077710 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42077710"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42077710; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42077710]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42077710").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42077710").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42077710"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2059" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion">History of Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2059" type="text/json">{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3815" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality">Spirituality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3815" type="text/json">{"id":3815,"name":"Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6044" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology">Orthodox Theology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6044" type="text/json">{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10714" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pneumatology">Pneumatology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10714" type="text/json">{"id":10714,"name":"Pneumatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pneumatology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42077710]'), work: {"id":42077710,"title":"Spiritual Experience in Orthodoxy and the Pentecostal Concept of the Works of the Holy Spirit : a Comparative Study \r\n[subtitle:] Experienție spirituale în ortodoxie şi concepția penticostală despre lucrarea Duhului Sfânt : studiu comparat","created_at":"2020-02-26T09:53:11.545-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42077710/Spiritual_Experience_in_Orthodoxy_and_the_Pentecostal_Concept_of_the_Works_of_the_Holy_Spirit_a_Comparative_Study_subtitle_Experien%C8%9Bie_spirituale_%C3%AEn_ortodoxie_%C5%9Fi_concep%C8%9Bia_penticostal%C4%83_despre_lucrarea_Duhului_Sf%C3%A2nt_studiu_comparat?f_ri=14893","dom_id":"work_42077710","summary":"This study explores common ground and affinities between Christian Orthodoxy and Pentecostalism in theology, spirituality, cosmology, anthropology and the understanding of rites and sacraments. The focus is on the understanding and perception of the Holy Spirit, with regard to spiritual experience, personal transformation and the life of the Church. It also reflects on the African religious heritage of Christianity in the formation of these forms of spiritual experience and expression. The role and development of African Instituted Churches is taken into view, aware of their common heritage with Pentecostalism and of their distinctness. The context of ecumenical exchange between Pentecostalism and the Roman Catholic Church and Orthodox Churches in the 20th century is considered as background for the realization of convergences. The growing awareness in both Pentecostalism and Orthodoxy of their common ground, based in the hermeneutics and spirituality of early Christianity is recognized and recommended as field for further engagement. The common affirmation of both Churches of a spiritual world view in contrast to the positivistic ‘naturalistic’ world view of secular Enlightenment – as distinct from the spiritual branch of Enlightenment in which Pentecostalism is rooted through Pietism – is recognized as common ground for mutual understanding and critical difference to mainstream Western secularism. This study thus aims at fostering a better mutual understanding of Pentecostal and Orthodox Churches and of their epistemological agreements with regard to the challenges of secular cultures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64645466,"asset_id":42077710,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1027172,"first_name":"Ullrich","last_name":"Kleinhempel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UllrichKleinhempel","display_name":"Ullrich R . Kleinhempel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UllrichKleinhempel?f_ri=14893","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1027172/8935654/66488457/s65_ullrich.kleinhempel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2059,"name":"History of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religion?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":3815,"name":"Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":6044,"name":"Orthodox Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":10714,"name":"Pneumatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pneumatology?f_ri=14893","nofollow":false},{"id":11160,"name":"Ecumenical Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecumenical_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":11647,"name":"Pentecostal Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostal_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":12349,"name":"Spirituality \u0026 Mysticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spirituality_and_Mysticism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":14893,"name":"Church History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History?f_ri=14893"},{"id":30422,"name":"Sacramental Theology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sacramental_Theology?f_ri=14893"},{"id":31662,"name":"Hesychasm","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hesychasm?f_ri=14893"},{"id":50017,"name":"Holy Spirit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holy_Spirit?f_ri=14893"},{"id":50620,"name":"Charismatic Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charismatic_Christianity?f_ri=14893"},{"id":56026,"name":"Science of Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_of_Religion?f_ri=14893"},{"id":136996,"name":"Pentecostalism and Charismatics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostalism_and_Charismatics?f_ri=14893"},{"id":275770,"name":"History and Theology of Pentecostalism and Evangelicalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_and_Theology_of_Pentecostalism_and_Evangelicalism?f_ri=14893"},{"id":298104,"name":"Trance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trance?f_ri=14893"},{"id":532008,"name":"Pentecostal spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pentecostal_spirituality?f_ri=14893"},{"id":1244047,"name":"Orthodox Theology and Spirituality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthodox_Theology_and_Spirituality?f_ri=14893"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Church_History?after=50%2C42077710" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Church_History?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Church_History">Medieval Church History</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="7617">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="7617">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History">Medieval History</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1446">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1446">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies">Medieval Studies</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="2853">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="2853">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History">Early Modern History</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1727">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1727">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hagiography">Hagiography</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1637">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1637">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Medieval_Church_History_">Papacy (Medieval Church History)</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="7908">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="7908">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monasticism">Monasticism</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="21987">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="21987">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscripts_Medieval_Studies_">Manuscripts (Medieval Studies)</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="26891">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="26891">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manuscript_Studies">Manuscript Studies</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="6663">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="6663">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="11076">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="11076">Following</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "16620d8c4b0196013fa353fe91e68e65bae921cd3299318dd0bf60ac3a028571", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="tdLXvrL+vXgXOsXZUTzXgDQeYSHeuVfXbDQPbIQk+n8GQuddhFWpnPkBdGgIuU8lxLJo2Cfz/5evBjWtqzWbfw==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Church_History" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="jCBq4EBY2UhZzwdWdigXH7E31bBO1dvYzsRsTB/3FPU/sFoDdvPNrLf0tucvrY+6QZvcSbefc5gN9laNMOZ19Q==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>