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ArticleBodyTile"><section class="Article__Column Article__Column--main"><article class="Article__Wrapper"><script type="application/ld+json">{"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states/article/maryland","@type":"WebPage"},"headline":"Maryland","image":{"width":1600,"height":900,"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/304181a8-0596-4d2a-9932-842bbab7d025/maryland-chesapeake_16x9.jpg?w=1200"},"mentions":[],"datePublished":"2015-06-01T20:28:00.000Z","dateModified":"2021-02-16T02:01:56.320Z","author":[{"name":"Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh","url":"","@type":"Person"}],"dateline":"","articleSection":"Geography","about":{"@type":"Thing","name":"Landmark"},"publisher":{"name":"National Geographic Kids","logo":{"url":"https://assets-cdn.nationalgeographic.com/natgeo/static/logos/kids-logo.svg","height":60,"width":150,"@type":"ImageObject"},"@type":"Organization"},"alternativeHeadline":"","keywords":"maryland, east, u.s. states, profile, pictures, facts, national geographic kids, landmark, environment and conservation, maps","description":"Get facts and photos about the 7th state.","@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle"}</script><div tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="ad-wrapper"><div data-box-type="fitt-adbox-pixel"><div class="Ad pixel pixel ad-slot" data-slot-type="pixel" data-collapse-before-load="true" data-slot-kvps="pos=pixel"></div></div></div><div class="InlineGallery ArticleBodyTile__Lead InlineGallery--dark InlineGallery--noHeader" tabindex="0" aria-label="Inline Gallery" aria-roledescription="carousel"><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop" aria-label="Image Gallery Lead"><div class="Gallery"><div class="Gallery__Container relative"><div style="display:block;flex-grow:1;width:auto"><div class="Gallery__Swipeable" style="overflow-x:hidden"><div class="fitt-swipeable-container" id="029c18a9-50d2-3e40-9ff2-2757cbf4c13a" style="display:flex;will-change:transform;transform:translateX(0%);transition:transform 350ms cubic-bezier(0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 1)" role="presentation"><div style="width:100%;flex-basis:100%;flex-shrink:0;overflow:auto" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="1 of 2" aria-hidden="false" aria-live="polite"><div class="Gallery__Ratio aspect-ratio--parent aspect-ratio--16x9"><div class="Gallery__ImageWrapper absolute-fill flex items-center justify-center aspect-ratio--child"><div data-track-event_name="gallery_action" data-track-action_type="enlarge" data-track-custom="yes" class="fitt-tracker"><div class="absolute-fill flex items-center justify-center CopyrightImage"><img alt="The Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse in Annapolis is a National Historic Landmark." class="Image Gallery__Image Gallery__Image--auto" draggable="false" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be 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Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="width:100%;flex-basis:100%;flex-shrink:0;overflow:auto" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="2 of 2" aria-hidden="true" aria-live="polite"><div class="Gallery__Ratio aspect-ratio--parent aspect-ratio--16x9"><div class="Gallery__ImageWrapper absolute-fill flex items-center justify-center aspect-ratio--child"><div data-track-event_name="gallery_action" data-track-action_type="enlarge" data-track-custom="yes" class="fitt-tracker"><div class="absolute-fill flex items-center justify-center CopyrightImage"><img alt="The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in North America." class="Image Gallery__Image Gallery__Image--auto" draggable="false" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><button aria-hidden="false" tabindex="0" type="button" class="CarouselArrow CarouselArrow--right" aria-controls="029c18a9-50d2-3e40-9ff2-2757cbf4c13a" aria-label="Next image"><svg focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Next" class="CarouselArrow__Icon icon__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><use xlink:href="#icon__caret__right"></use></svg></button><div class="Gallery__Counter Gallery__Counter--left"><span class="Gallery__Counter-text">1 / 2</span></div></div><div class="Gallery__Wrapper"></div></div><div class="InlineGallery__Bar" aria-live="polite"><span class="InlineGallery__Counter">1 / 2</span></div></aside></div><div><div class="sr-only">The Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse in Annapolis is a National Historic Landmark.</div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption Caption Caption--dark Caption--hideEndBug"><div class="Caption__TextWrapper"><div class="Caption__Text" aria-live="polite"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span><span class="RichText">The Thomas Point Shoal Lighthouse in Annapolis is a National Historic Landmark.</span></span></span></div></div><span aria-label="Photograph by PhotoRx, iStockphoto" class="RichText Caption__Credit">Photograph by PhotoRx, iStockphoto</span></div></div></div></div><div class="ArticleBodyTile__LeadSeparator"></div><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><header class="Article__Header"><div class="Article__Header__Branding"></div><div class="Article__Headline"><h1 class="Article__Headline__Title">Maryland</h1><p class="Article__Headline__Desc">Get facts and photos about the 7th state.</p></div><div class="Article__Headeer__Interactives"></div><div class="Article__Header__Meta Article__Header__Meta--spacing-bottom Article__Header__Meta--noShare"><section class="Byline flex items-center"><div class="Byline__Content"><div aria-label="By Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh" class="Byline__Group"><span class="Byline__ByCopy" aria-hidden="true">By</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="Byline__AuthorRow"><span class="Byline__AuthorContainer"><span class="Byline__Author ">Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh</span></span></span></div></div></section></div></header></div><section class="Article__Content"><div><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop" aria-label="Fast Facts"><div class="ListBox__Wrapper ListBox__Wrapper--green"><h2 class="ListBox__Header" aria-hidden="true">Fast Facts</h2><div class="RichText ListBox__List"><ul><li><b>Nickname:</b> The Old Line State</li><li><b>Statehood:</b> 1788; 7th state</li><li><b>Population (as of July 2016):</b> 6,016,447</li><li><b>Capital:</b> Annapolis</li><li><b>Biggest City:</b> Baltimore</li><li><b>Abbreviation:</b> MD</li><li><b>State bird:</b> Baltimore oriole</li><li><b>State flower:</b> black-eyed Susan</li></ul></div></div></aside></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--blue" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-2-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-2-title">HISTORY</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>The first people to live in what’s now Maryland arrived at least 13,000 years ago, though humans may have been in the area as many as 21,000 years ago. Archaeologists know this because they’ve found arrowheads, beads, and other ancient items in and around Maryland’s Chesapeake Bay. Centuries layer <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast" target="_blank">Native American tribes</a> lived in the region, including the Lenape, Nanticoke, <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast" target="_blank">Powhatan</a>, Susquehannock, and Shawnee tribes.</p><p>In 1608 Captain John Smith became one of the first Europeans to arrive in the area. Then in 1632 Englishman George Calvert was given permission by the king of England to establish the colony of Maryland (though George died before settling the colony; his son Cecilius organized the expedition of colonists instead.) Yet British rule wouldn’t last: Maryland signed the <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/independence-day" target="_blank">Declaration of Independence</a> in 1776. After the <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/countries/united-states/">United States</a> won the Revolutionary War in 1783, Annapolis, Maryland, became the new country’s capital—but for less than a year. Maryland was made the seventh U.S. state in 1788, and gave up part of its land two years later to help create <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/washington-dc/#DC-monuments.png">Washington, D.C.</a></p><p>In 1850 Maryland would become an important part of the Underground Railroad thanks to <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/harriet-tubman" target="_blank">Harriet Tubman</a>, a Maryland native who fled the state to escape slavery but returned to rescue and lead others to freedom.</p><p>Eleven years later, tensions between northern and southern states, particularly over slavery, led to the Civil War. Although Maryland was just south of the Mason-Dixon Line—the name for the border between <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/pennsylvania/#pennsylvania-poconos.jpg">Pennsylvania</a> and Maryland, which was considered the line dividing the North and South—it sided with the Union in the North. The war’s bloodiest battle, Antietam, took place in Sharpsburg, Maryland. In 1864 slavery was finally abolished in Maryland.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--blue" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-3-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-3-title">WHY’S IT CALLED THAT?</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>Maryland was named after Queen Henrietta Maria of England. She was married to King Charles I, who granted permission for Maryland to become a colony.</p><p>Legend has it that Maryland’s nicknamed the Old Line State in honor of 400 Revolutionary War soldiers who faced off against 10,000 British soldiers in a battle in 1776. These soldiers, which were called the “Maryland Line,” held off the British just long enough to allow the rest of the American army—lead by George Washington—to escape.</p></div></div><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><aside class="InlineElement InlineElement--content-width InlineElement--desktop ImageGroup__Wrapper" aria-label="Image Pair"><div class="ImageGroup__Images"><div class="CopyrightImage"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent" id="inline-4_0"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div><div class="CopyrightImage"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent" id="inline-4_1"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="maryland state tree, bird, flower, quarter" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div></div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"><p class="Caption__Title" aria-hidden="false"><span class="RichText">Left: maryland flag</span></p></div></div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption Caption--hideEndBug"><p class="Caption__Title" aria-hidden="false"><span class="RichText">Right: Maryland icons</span></p></div></div><div class="Caption__Wrapper"><div class="Caption"><span aria-label="quarter: maogg / iStock Photo black eyed susan: © Jruffa | Dreamstime white oak: © Boscorelli | Dreamstime Baltimore oriole: Paul Sparks | Dreamstime" class="RichText Caption__Credit">quarter: maogg / iStock Photo black eyed susan: © Jruffa | Dreamstime white oak: © Boscorelli | Dreamstime Baltimore oriole: Paul Sparks | Dreamstime</span></div></div></aside></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--blue" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-5-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-5-title">GEOGRAPHY AND LANDFORMS</h3></div><div class="CopyrightImage"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>Maryland is bordered by <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/pennsylvania/#pennsylvania-poconos.jpg">Pennsylvania</a> in the north, <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/delaware/">Delaware</a> and the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Atlantic Ocean and <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/virginia/">Virginia</a> in the south, and <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/west-virginia/">West Virginia</a> in the west. The state can be divided into five geographical regions.</p><p>The Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain spreads across the south and east of the state. It’s a low area with marshes along the eastern shoreline and fertile farmland along the western shore. This region contains the Battle Creek Cypress Swamp, a forested wetland.</p><p>The Piedmont crosses northeastern Maryland, and has low hills, ridges, valleys, and streams.</p><p>The Blue Ridge region is a narrow, mountainous region west of the Piedmont. It was named for its trees, which have a bluish haze when seen from a distance.</p><p>The Appalachian Ridge and Valley is a slim strip of land in the north. It’s mostly forested and contains farmland and steep ridges.</p><p>The Appalachian Plateau covers the northwestern corner of the state. It’s home to the Allegheny Mountains and Maryland’s highest point, Backbone Mountain.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--blue" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-6-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-6-title">WILDLIFE</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>Black bears, <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/bobcat/">bobcats</a>, and Appalachian cottontails are a few of the <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/mammals/">mammals</a> that live in Maryland. Ospreys, gyrfalcons (the biggest type of falcon), and Baltimore orioles are some local <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/birds/">birds</a>. The state’s <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/birds/">amphibians</a> include Allegheny Mountain dusky salamanders and barking tree frogs. And <a href="http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/reptiles/">reptiles</a> such as bog turtles, Coastal Plain milk snakes, and eastern fence lizards live here.</p><p>Bald cypress, loblolly pine, juniper, walnut, and white oak (the state tree) are among Maryland’s native trees. The state’s wildflowers include Maryland golden-aster, Maryland meadow beauty, and ladies’ tresses—an orchid that resembles a spiraling lock of hair.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--blue" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-7-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-7-title">NATURAL RESOURCES</h3></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>Maryland is known for fishing, and it produces the most blue crabs in the United States. The state is also known for mining coal, clays, natural gas, and limestone.</p></div></div><div class="Listicle__Content Listicle__Content--blue" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="inline-8-title"><div class="Listicle__Content__Title"><h3 class="Listicle__Content__Title__Head" id="inline-8-title">FUN STUFF</h3></div><div class="CopyrightImage"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--auto"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper Image__Wrapper--relative"><img alt="a dolphin" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="Image__Copyright" style="top:0">Please be respectful of copyright. Unauthorized use is prohibited.</div></div><div class="RichText Listicle__Content__Text"><p>—Go fish! Visitors to the National Aquarium can check out jellyfish, a living reef, dolphins, and sharks.</p><p>—Famous Marylanders include Francis Scott Key, who wrote the Star Spangled Banner; baseball player Babe Ruth; Jazz musician Billie Holiday; and civil rights activist Thurgood Marshall, who became the first African-American Supreme Court justice (or judge) in the United States.</p><p>—Visitors to the <a href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/harriet-tubman" target="_blank">Harriet Tubman</a> Underground Railroad National Park can explore the same land that Tubman crossed while guiding almost 70 people to freedom during the 1800s.</p></div></div></div></section><div class="ResponsiveWrapper"><div class="Article__Footer"><div class="Article__Footer--items flex flex-wrap flex-no-wrap items-center justify-between"></div><div class="StoryDivider StoryDivider--noLogo"><hr/><hr/></div></div></div></article></section><section class="Article__Column Article__Column--sidebar"><div class="ArticleStickiness"><div class="ArticleStickiness__Sticky-Section" style="height:250px;top:20px"><div class="ArticleStickiness__Offset-Manager"><div class="ArticleStickiness__Sticky-Element ArticleStickiness__Sticky-Element--fade-in"></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div></div><div></div><div class="FrameBackgroundFull"><div class="FrameBackgroundFull__BackgroundImage" aria-hidden="true"><div class="BackgroundImage"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--16x9"></div></div></div><div class="GeneralContainer"><div class="ReadThisNext__Wrapper"><section class="Headline__Stack Headline__Stack--headingIndented Headline__Stack--underlineHover ReadThisNext ReadThisNext--thumbnailList"><h2 class="Headline__Title">Explore more</h2><div class="ContentList" role="list"><div class="ContentList__Item ContentList__Item--featured" role="listitem"><a class="AnchorLink News__Item external News__Item--featured" tabindex="0" name="&lpos=toolkit" data-track-event_name="explore more:card:u.s. states and territories facts and photos" data-track-placement="footer" target="_self" href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/states"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent News__Item__Thumbnail overflow-hidden"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--3x2"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper aspect-ratio--child"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="News__Content__Container"><h2 class="News__Item__Headline enableHeadlinePremiumLogo" aria-label="U.S. states and territories facts and photos"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span title="U.S. states and territories facts and photos" aria-hidden="true">U.S. states and territories facts and photos</span></span></h2><div class="News__Item__Description" aria-label="Get facts and photos of the U.S. states and territories, and the District of Columbia."><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span aria-hidden="true">Get facts and photos of the U.S. states and territories, and the District of Columbia.</span></span></div></div></a></div><div class="ContentList__Item" role="listitem"><a class="AnchorLink News__Item external flex flex-row" tabindex="0" name="&lpos=toolkit" data-track-event_name="explore more:card:video: 50 birds, 50 states" data-track-placement="footer" target="_self" href="https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/videos/topic/50-birds-50-states"><figure class="Image aspect-ratio--parent News__Item__Thumbnail overflow-hidden"><div class="RatioFrame aspect-ratio--1x1"></div><div class="Image__Wrapper aspect-ratio--child"><img alt="" class="" data-mptype="image" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7"/></div></figure><div class="News__Content__Container"><h2 class="News__Item__Headline enableHeadlinePremiumLogo" aria-label="Video: 50 Birds, 50 States"><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span title="Video: 50 Birds, 50 States" aria-hidden="true">Video: 50 Birds, 50 States</span></span></h2><div class="News__Item__Description" aria-label="Barry the bald eagle soars from coast to coast to meet state birds and learn about their homes. Each episode is an animated rap music video focusing on the big cities, history, landmarks, and significant geographical areas of each state."><span class="Truncate Truncate--collapsed"><span aria-hidden="true">Barry the bald eagle soars from coast to coast to meet state birds and learn about their homes. 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7th state</li><li><b>Population (as of July 2016):</b> 6,016,447</li><li><b>Capital:</b> Annapolis</li><li><b>Biggest City:</b> Baltimore</li><li><b>Abbreviation:</b> MD</li><li><b>State bird:</b> Baltimore oriole</li><li><b>State flower:</b> black-eyed Susan</li></ul>","header":"Fast Facts","theme":"green"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-2","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-2","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>The first people to live in what’s now Maryland arrived at least 13,000 years ago, though humans may have been in the area as many as 21,000 years ago. Archaeologists know this because they’ve found arrowheads, beads, and other ancient items in and around Maryland’s Chesapeake Bay. Centuries layer <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast\" target=\"_blank\">Native American tribes</a> lived in the region, including the Lenape, Nanticoke, <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/native-people-of-the-american-northeast\" target=\"_blank\">Powhatan</a>, Susquehannock, and Shawnee tribes.</p><p>In 1608 Captain John Smith became one of the first Europeans to arrive in the area. Then in 1632 Englishman George Calvert was given permission by the king of England to establish the colony of Maryland (though George died before settling the colony; his son Cecilius organized the expedition of colonists instead.) Yet British rule wouldn’t last: Maryland signed the <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/independence-day\" target=\"_blank\">Declaration of Independence</a> in 1776. After the <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/countries/united-states/\">United States</a> won the Revolutionary War in 1783, Annapolis, Maryland, became the new country’s capital—but for less than a year. Maryland was made the seventh U.S. state in 1788, and gave up part of its land two years later to help create <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/washington-dc/#DC-monuments.png\">Washington, D.C.</a></p><p>In 1850 Maryland would become an important part of the Underground Railroad thanks to <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/harriet-tubman\" target=\"_blank\">Harriet Tubman</a>, a Maryland native who fled the state to escape slavery but returned to rescue and lead others to freedom.</p><p>Eleven years later, tensions between northern and southern states, particularly over slavery, led to the Civil War. Although Maryland was just south of the Mason-Dixon Line—the name for the border between <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/pennsylvania/#pennsylvania-poconos.jpg\">Pennsylvania</a> and Maryland, which was considered the line dividing the North and South—it sided with the Union in the North. The war’s bloodiest battle, Antietam, took place in Sharpsburg, Maryland. In 1864 slavery was finally abolished in Maryland.</p>","theme":"blue","title":"HISTORY"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-3","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-3","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>Maryland was named after Queen Henrietta Maria of England. She was married to King Charles I, who granted permission for Maryland to become a colony.</p><p>Legend has it that Maryland’s nicknamed the Old Line State in honor of 400 Revolutionary War soldiers who faced off against 10,000 British soldiers in a battle in 1776. These soldiers, which were called the “Maryland Line,” held off the British just long enough to allow the rest of the American army—lead by George Washington—to escape.</p>","theme":"blue","title":"WHY’S IT CALLED THAT?"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-4","cntnt":{"cmsType":"imagegroup","hasCopyright":true,"id":"inline-4","align":"contentWidth","groupCredit":"quarter: maogg / iStock Photo black eyed susan: © Jruffa | Dreamstime white oak: © Boscorelli | Dreamstime Baltimore oriole: Paul Sparks | 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is bordered by <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/pennsylvania/#pennsylvania-poconos.jpg\">Pennsylvania</a> in the north, <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/delaware/\">Delaware</a> and the Atlantic Ocean in the east, the Atlantic Ocean and <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/virginia/\">Virginia</a> in the south, and <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/states/west-virginia/\">West Virginia</a> in the west. The state can be divided into five geographical regions.</p><p>The Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain spreads across the south and east of the state. It’s a low area with marshes along the eastern shoreline and fertile farmland along the western shore. This region contains the Battle Creek Cypress Swamp, a forested wetland.</p><p>The Piedmont crosses northeastern Maryland, and has low hills, ridges, valleys, and streams.</p><p>The Blue Ridge region is a narrow, mountainous region west of the Piedmont. It was named for its trees, which have a bluish haze when seen from a distance.</p><p>The Appalachian Ridge and Valley is a slim strip of land in the north. It’s mostly forested and contains farmland and steep ridges.</p><p>The Appalachian Plateau covers the northwestern corner of the state. It’s home to the Allegheny Mountains and Maryland’s highest point, Backbone Mountain.</p>","theme":"blue","title":"GEOGRAPHY AND LANDFORMS"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-6","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-6","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>Black bears, <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/bobcat/\">bobcats</a>, and Appalachian cottontails are a few of the <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/mammals/\">mammals</a> that live in Maryland. Ospreys, gyrfalcons (the biggest type of falcon), and Baltimore orioles are some local <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/birds/\">birds</a>. The state’s <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/birds/\">amphibians</a> include Allegheny Mountain dusky salamanders and barking tree frogs. And <a href=\"http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/hubs/reptiles/\">reptiles</a> such as bog turtles, Coastal Plain milk snakes, and eastern fence lizards live here.</p><p>Bald cypress, loblolly pine, juniper, walnut, and white oak (the state tree) are among Maryland’s native trees. The state’s wildflowers include Maryland golden-aster, Maryland meadow beauty, and ladies’ tresses—an orchid that resembles a spiraling lock of hair.</p>","theme":"blue","title":"WILDLIFE"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-7","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-7","hasCopyright":true,"text":"<p>Maryland is known for fishing, and it produces the most blue crabs in the United States. The state is also known for mining coal, clays, natural gas, and limestone.</p>","theme":"blue","title":"NATURAL RESOURCES"},"type":"inline","style":{}},{"id":"inline-8","cntnt":{"cmsType":"listicle","id":"inline-8","hasCopyright":true,"image":{"cmsType":"image","hasCopyright":true,"id":"462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774","lines":3,"positionMetaBottom":true,"showMore":true,"image":{"crps":[{"nm":"raw","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication.jpg"},{"nm":"16x9","aspRto":1.7777777777777777,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_16x9.jpg"},{"nm":"3x2","aspRto":1.5,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_3x2.jpg"},{"nm":"square","aspRto":1,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_square.jpg"},{"nm":"2x3","aspRto":0.6666666666666666,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_2x3.jpg"},{"nm":"3x4","aspRto":0.75,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_3x4.jpg"},{"nm":"4x3","aspRto":1.3333333333333333,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_4x3.jpg"},{"nm":"2x1","aspRto":2,"url":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_2x1.jpg"}],"rt":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication.jpg","src":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication.jpg","altText":"a dolphin","crdt":"Photograph by Michael Price, Dreamstime","dsc":"Scientists are studying wild and captive dolphins to decipher their secret language.","ttl":"Dolphin"},"imageAlt":"a dolphin","imageSrc":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication_16x9.jpg?w=636&h=358","hideTitle":true,"hideCredit":true},"imageSrc":"https://i.natgeofe.com/k/462fa414-c4da-44df-be29-d04d80f0d774/dolphin-communication.jpg","text":"<p>—Go fish! Visitors to the National Aquarium can check out jellyfish, a living reef, dolphins, and sharks.</p><p>—Famous Marylanders include Francis Scott Key, who wrote the Star Spangled Banner; baseball player Babe Ruth; Jazz musician Billie Holiday; and civil rights activist Thurgood Marshall, who became the first African-American Supreme Court justice (or judge) in the United States.</p><p>—Visitors to the <a href=\"https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/harriet-tubman\" target=\"_blank\">Harriet Tubman</a> Underground Railroad National Park can explore the same land that Tubman crossed while guiding almost 70 people to freedom during the 1800s.</p>","theme":"blue","title":"FUN STUFF"},"type":"inline","style":{}}],"cid":"drn:src:natgeo:unison::prod:235260dc-e5e9-49ee-9c03-9596738729ee","cntrbGrp":[{"contributors":[{"displayName":"Jamie Kiffel-Alcheh"}],"title":"By","rl":"Writer"}],"mode":"richtext","dscrptn":"Get facts and photos about the 7th 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