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Kurier Litewski - Wikipedia

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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Title_page_of_Kuryer_Litewski_newspaper_%281760%2C_Vilnius%29.jpg/330px-Title_page_of_Kuryer_Litewski_newspaper_%281760%2C_Vilnius%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Title_page_of_Kuryer_Litewski_newspaper_%281760%2C_Vilnius%29.jpg/440px-Title_page_of_Kuryer_Litewski_newspaper_%281760%2C_Vilnius%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="894" /></a><figcaption>Title page of Kurier Litewski newspaper (1760, Vilnius)</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Kurier Litewski</b></i> (<i>Lithuanian Courier</i>; <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a>: <i lang="lt">Lietuvos kurjeris</i>) was the first periodical <a href="/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper">newspaper</a> (weekly) published in the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Grand Duchy of Lithuania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vle_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vle-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was published in <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> and later, after the <a href="/wiki/Partitions_of_Poland" title="Partitions of Poland">partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>, also <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> from 19 April 1760 to 19 August 1763 by the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Vilnius" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Vilnius">Academy of Vilnius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vle_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vle-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_the_Society_of_Jesus" title="Suppression of the Society of Jesus">suppression of the Society of Jesus</a> in the Commonwealth in 1773,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> the newspaper passed into private hands and was published until 1915 under different names.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The newspaper retained the word <i>Litewski</i> (Lithuanian) in its name until 1840, despite dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Grand Duchy of Lithuania</a> and the Commonwealth in 1795.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The newspaper wrote about the political life of the Commonwealth and other countries and published news about Vilnius culture, science and medicine, and included the supplements <i>Wiadomości Literackie</i> (1760–63), <i>Wiadomości Cudzoziemskie</i> (1760–63, initially was called <i>Wiadomości Uprzywilejowane</i>) and <i>Suplement do Gazet Wileńskich</i> (1761–63).<sup id="cite_ref-vle_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vle-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurier_Litewski&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Initially, a total of 34 issues appeared of <i>Kurier Litewski</i>, which was prepared for release by <a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a>. At the time, it was the only periodical to be granted royal privilege to print.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Its editors at that time were Jesuit priests Franciszek Paprocki and Aleksander Januszkiewicz.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_the_Society_of_Jesus" title="Suppression of the Society of Jesus">closure of the Jesuit Order</a> in 1773, the <i>Kurier Litewski</i> passed into private hands, and in 1789 the publishing of this newspaper came to a complete halt. After a seven-year hiatus, the newspaper was published again.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> From 1796 onwards, it was published twice a week in <a href="/wiki/Grodno" title="Grodno">Grodno</a>, until it moved back to Vilnius the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Until 1834, it was issued only in <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>, but from 1834, following the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Russification" title="Russification">Russification</a> campaign in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Partition" title="Russian Partition">Russian partition</a>, it was issued in two languages – Polish and <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1840, the newspaper's name was changed: the Polish variant was renamed to <i><a href="/wiki/Kurier_Wile%C5%84ski" title="Kurier Wileński">Kurier Wileński</a></i> (<i>Vilnius Courier</i>) and the Russian variant to <i>Vilenskij Vestnik</i> (<i>Vilnius Herald</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/January_Uprising" title="January Uprising">1863 Uprising</a> due to the even stricter Russification policy, the Polish variant was abolished, therefore only the Russian variant <i>Vilensky Vestnik</i> was published until 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-ldm_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editors">Editors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurier_Litewski&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Editors of the initial newspaper were Franciszek Paprocki, A. Januszkiewicz, W. Wiażewicz.<sup id="cite_ref-vle_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vle-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurier_Litewski&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-vle-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vle_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vle_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vle_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vle_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/Straipsnis/Kurier-Litewski-24220">"Kurier Litewski"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vle.lt" class="mw-redirect" title="Vle.lt">vle.lt</a></i> (in Lithuanian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=vle.lt&amp;rft.atitle=Kurier+Litewski&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vle.lt%2FStraipsnis%2FKurier-Litewski-24220&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKurier+Litewski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ldm-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ldm_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.ldm.lt/klasicizmo_epocha/atrask/3_0_p1.asp">"Kurier Litewski"</a>. <i>old.ldm.lt</i> (in Lithuanian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=old.ldm.lt&amp;rft.atitle=Kurier+Litewski&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fold.ldm.lt%2Fklasicizmo_epocha%2Fatrask%2F3_0_p1.asp&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKurier+Litewski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jezuici.pl/kasata-zakonu/">"Kasata Zakonu"</a> &#91;Abolishment Order&#93;. <i>Society of Jesus in Poland</i> (in Polish). 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Society+of+Jesus+in+Poland&amp;rft.atitle=Kasata+Zakonu&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjezuici.pl%2Fkasata-zakonu%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKurier+Litewski" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regina Jakubėnas, 2006: <i>Początki i sytuacja prasy w Europie i w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów</i>. Senoji Lietuvos literatūra. 20 knyga. P. 159–202. ISSN 1822-3656. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://vddb.library.lt/fedora/get/LT-eLABa-0001:J.04~2005~ISSN_1822-3656.N_20.PG_159-202/DS.002.2.01.ARTIC">http://vddb.library.lt/fedora/get/LT-eLABa-0001:J.04~2005~ISSN_1822-3656.N_20.PG_159-202/DS.002.2.01.ARTIC</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐645858d48f‐wlcq5 Cached time: 20241202161816 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.227 seconds Real time usage: 0.450 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 330/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4617/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 79/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14035/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.150/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 17561035/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 274.065 1 -total 42.77% 117.227 1 Template:Reflist 37.11% 101.697 1 Template:Langx 34.27% 93.923 3 Template:Cite_web 15.94% 43.689 1 Template:Italic_title 0.52% 1.432 1 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:64709604:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241202161816 and revision id 1256298859. 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