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Tambah rencana untuk bahasa lain" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tambahkan bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yajur_Veda" title="Lihat laman kandungan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Rencana</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan:Yajur_Veda&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan (laman tidak wujud) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Anda boleh melihat dan menyalin sumber bagi laman ini. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="ms" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1"> '''Yajurveda''' (Sanskrit: यजुर्वेद, ''yajurveda'', dari ''yajus'' bermaksud "mantera prosa") ialah [[Veda]] kedua dalam himpunan kitab-kitab suci [[Hinduisme]]. Yajur Veda dikatakan telah wujud dari muka [[Brahma]] (Pencipta) yang menghadap selatan.<ref>Swami Harshananda, A Concise Encyclopaedia of Hinduism, Vol.3, ms.532, Ramakrishna Math, Bangalore, 2008</ref> [[Veda Vyasa]] telah memberikan Yajur Veda kepada [[Vaisampayana]]. [[Veda]] ini juga dikenali sebagai [[Adhvaryu Veda]] kerana peranan utamanya adalah dalam upacara korban Vedik, dan adhvaryu ialah ketua sami yang menjalankan upacara itu. Ayat-ayat suci [[Veda]] ini dikenali sebagai Yajus dan ia berbentuk prosa. Terdapat dua bahagian utama [[Veda]] ini, yakni, Krishna Yajur Veda dan Sukla Yajur Veda. Bahasa dalam Veda ini hampir sama dengan bahasa dalam [[Rig Veda]]. Veda ini memberikan huraian terperinci tentang pelbagai upacara korban Vedik seperti Darsapurnamasa, Asvamedha, Rajasuya, Sautramani, Vajapeya dan beberapa Somayaga. Kebanyakan dewa-dewi [[Rig Veda]] juga masih wujud dalam Veda ini. Namun, beberapa [[Dewa]] seperti [[Dewa|Rudra]] telah menjadi lebih penting dan beberapa [[Dewa]] lain seperti [[Dewa|Usas]] telah hilang keutamaan mereka. Masyarakat dalam Veda ini juga hampir sama dengan masyarakat pada zaman [[Rig Veda]]. Sistem varna telah menjadi kukuh. Falsafah dalam Veda ini adalah sama seperti dalam Upanishad-Upanishadnya. Bhakti atau cinta-Ilahi telah menjadi suatu unsur penting. == Krishna Yajur Veda == [[Krishna Yajur Veda]] (juga dikenali sebagai [[Taittiriya Samhita]]) dikatakan mempunyai 85 Sakha atau cabangan, tetapi hanya empat yang masih wujud:<ref> Swami Harshananda, Vol.3, ms.532</ref> * '''Taittiriya :''' Ia lebih popular di India Selatan, mempunyai 7 kanda atau buku, 44 prapathaka atau bab, dan 651 anuvaka atau mantra. Samhita memberikan dengan terperinci upacara-upacara korban seperti Paurodasa, Yajamana, Vajapeya, Rajasuya, Darsapurnamasa dan pelbagai Somayaga. * '''Maitrayaniya''' * '''Katha''' - Sakha ini juga mengandungi Katha Upanishad, sebuah Upanishad yang amat popular. * '''Kapisthala''' Tiga Sakha yang lain adalah tidak begitu popular seperti Taittiriya walaupun subjek yang sama dikendalikan oleh Sakha tersebut. Teks-teks lain yang berkaitan dengan Taittiriya Samhita ialah '''Taittiriya Brahmana, Taittiriya Aranyaka''', dan '''Taittiriya Upanishad.''' == Sukla Yajur Veda == [[Sukla Yajur Veda]] (juga dikenali sebagai [[Vajasaneyi Samhita]]) pula dikatakan mempunyai 17 Sakha atau cabangan. Namun, pada masa ini, hanya 2 yang masih wujud, iaitu:<ref>Swami Harshananda, ms.532</ref> * '''Kanva''' : Sakha ini lebih popular di India Selatan, mempunyai 40 adhyaya, 328 anuvaka atau seksyen, dan 2086 mantra. * '''Madhyandina''' : Sakha yang popular di India Utara, mempunyai 40 adhyaya, 328 anuvaka, dan 1975 mantra. Seperti Taittiriya Samhita, Samhita ini juga merangkumi subjek upacara-upacara korban seperti Agnistoma, Vajapeya, dan Rajasuya. Teks-teks yang berkaitan dengan Sukla Yajur Veda ialah '''Satapatha Brahmana, Brhadaranyaka, Isavasya Upanishad''' dan '''Brhadaranyaka Upanishad.''' == Pembahagian Yajur Veda == Terdapat sebuah lagenda popular mengenai pembahagian Veda ini kepada dua bahagian utama iaitu Krishna Yajur Veda dan Sukla Yajur Veda. [[Veda Vyasa]] telah memberikan Yajur Veda kepada Vaisampayana. Pada suatu ketika, [[Vaisampayana]] telah melakukan dosa brahmahatya (dosa membunuh seorang Brahmin) disebabkan suatu kesilapan teknikal yang serius. Oleh kerana, Vaisampayana ketika itu telah terlalu tua dan uzur, beliau meminta pengikut-pengikutnya untuk menebus dosa itu. Kitab suci Hindu membenarkan penebusan dosa melalui wakil. Yajnavalkya, seorang pengikutnya, mungkin disebabkan keangkuhan, menawarkan diri untuk menebus dosa itu seorang diri. Ini menyebabkan pengikut-pengikut lain tidak berpuas hati. Perbuatan [[Yajnavalkya]] menyebabkan kemarahan Vaisampayana. Maka, Vaisampayana mengarahkan Yajnavalkya untuk memulangkan semula [[Veda]] yang diajarnya dan keluar. Yajnavalkya, kemudian, 'memuntahkan' Veda itu dalam warna gelap atau hitam. Pengikut-pengikut lain, menjadi burung tittiri dan memakan muntahan itu. Oleh kerana, ia berwarna hitam, ia dikenali sebagai Krishna Yajur Veda (krishna=hitam/gelap). Oleh kerana, burung tittiri memakannya, ia juga mendapat nama [[Taittiriya Samhita]].<ref> Swami Harshananda, ''A Concise Encyclopaedia of Hinduism'', Vol.1 ms106, Ramakrishna Math, Bangalore, 2008</ref> Seterusnya, Yajnavalkya memuja Tuhan Surya dan mendapatkan suatu versi lain [[Veda]] yang sama. Surya mengambil rupa seekor kuda untuk mengajarnya. Oleh itu, bahagian Veda itu dikenali sebagai Sukla Yajur Veda (sukla=putih/terang) dan juga [[Vajasaneyi Samhita]] (vaji=kuda).<ref>ibid</ref> Sememangnya, lagenda ini adalah sesuatu yang simbolik. Oleh itu, ia perlu difahami dengan betul. Suatu pemahaman yang rasional ialah: Yajnavalkya, sebagai pelajar yang paling bijak, telah mempelajari seluruh Yajur Veda. Selepas itu, dia terpaksa mengajarnya kepada pengikut-pengikut lain. Disebabkan sumpah gurunya, Vaisampayana, Yajnavalkya telah melupakan bahagian yang diajarnya kepada pengikut-pengikut lain. Maka, bagi mendapatkan kembali bahagian yang dilupakannya, Yajnavalkya terpaksa berusaha sendiri - dengan melakukan disipin rohani atau tapas dan berjaya. Dengan meditasi ke atas Tuhan Surya, dia mendapatkan semula [[Veda]] itu.<ref>ibid</ref> Penjelasan lain ialah Tittiri ialah seorang guru utama Veda ini. Dia berasal daripada tradisi guru-guru [[Veda Vyasa]] dan Vaisampayana. Maka, [[Veda]] ini mendapat nama [[Taittiriya Samhita]]. Yajnavalkya merupakan anak 'Vajaseni' (seorang dermawan yang terkenal akan sedekah vajas atau makanan) Devarata, maka Vedanya dikenali sebagai V[[ajasaneyi Samhita]].<ref>ibid</ref> Biasanya, suatu Vedik Samhita mengandungi hanya komposisi secara puisi. Sebaliknya, Brahmanas adalah dalam bentuk prosa, Oleh kerana [[Veda]] yang diajar oleh [[Vaisampayana]] mengandungi campuran kedua-dua ini, ia dianggap pelik. Maka, mungkin itulah sebabnya ia dinamakan sebagai Krishna (hitam, tidak tulen). Veda yang lain, yang hanya mengandungi komposisi secara puisi pula mendapat nama Sukla (putih/tulen).<ref>ibid</ref> Menurut beberapa sarjana [[Veda]], Krishna Yajur Veda ialah bahagian yang lebih purba dan sukar difahami. Maka, ia mendapat nama Krishna atau hitam. Sebaliknya, bahagian yang lebih baru dan lebih mudah difahami, dinamakan Sukla atau Putih.<ref>Swami Harshananda, ms.532</ref> == Ulasan-Ulasan Yajur Veda == === Ulasan Krishna Yajur Veda === Sarjana-sarjana yang telah memberikan ulasan Krishna Yajur Veda ialah: * Kundina * Bhavasvamin * Guhadeva * Bhattabhaskara * Ksura * Sayana * Venkatesa * Balakrishna * Haradatta * Satrughna === Ulasan Sukla Yajur Veda === Sarjana-sarjana yang telah memberikan ulasan Sukla Yajur Veda ialah: 1) Kanva Sakha * Sayana * Anandabodha * Anantacarya * Kalanatha * Murari Misra * Halayudha * Adityadarsana * Devapala * Somananda Putra 2) Madhyandina Sakha * Saunaka * Harisvamin * Urata * Gauradhara * Mahidhara == Pautan Luar == http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/yv/ http://sacred-texts.com/hin/wyv/index.htm http://www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cr_nh-VDtrA == Rujukan == [[Kategori:Teks Hindu]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Kembali ke <a href="/wiki/Yajur_Veda" title="Yajur Veda">Yajur Veda</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yajur_Veda">https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yajur_Veda</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Dasar privasi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal">Perihal Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penafian_umum">Penafian</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kod Tatakelakuan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Pembangun</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ms.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Kenyataan kuki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ms.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yajur_Veda&action=edit&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Paparan mudah alih</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-vljmt","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.004","walltime":"0.005","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":710,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-vljmt","timestamp":"20241129044615","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>