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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Home+server" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Services_provided_by_home_servers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services_provided_by_home_servers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Services provided by home servers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Services_provided_by_home_servers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Services provided by home servers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Services_provided_by_home_servers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Administration_and_configuration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration_and_configuration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Administration and configuration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration_and_configuration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Centralized_storage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Centralized_storage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Centralized storage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Centralized_storage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_serving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_serving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Media serving</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_serving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remote_access" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remote_access"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Remote access</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remote_access-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Web_serving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_serving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Web serving</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web_serving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Web_proxy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_proxy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>Web proxy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web_proxy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-E-mail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#E-mail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>E-mail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-E-mail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BitTorrent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BitTorrent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>BitTorrent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BitTorrent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gopher" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gopher"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Gopher</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gopher-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_automation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_automation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Home automation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_automation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_monitoring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_monitoring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>Security monitoring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_monitoring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>Family applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IRC_and_instant_messaging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IRC_and_instant_messaging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>IRC and instant messaging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IRC_and_instant_messaging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online_gaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_gaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.13</span> <span>Online gaming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_gaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federated_social_networks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federated_social_networks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.14</span> <span>Federated social networks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federated_social_networks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third-party_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third-party_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.15</span> <span>Third-party platform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third-party_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operating_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operating_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operating systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operating_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hardware" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hardware"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hardware</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hardware-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Server_definitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Server_definitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Server definitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Server_definitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operating_systems_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operating_systems_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Operating systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operating_systems_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Products</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technologies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technologies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Technologies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technologies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_serving_software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_serving_software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Media serving software</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_serving_software-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Server_software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Server_software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Server software</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Server_software-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Home_networking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Home_networking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Home networking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Home_networking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" 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interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servidor_dom%C3%A9stico" title="Servidor doméstico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servidor doméstico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="سرور خانگی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرور خانگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serveur_domestique" title="Serveur domestique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Serveur domestique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%88_%EC%84%9C%EB%B2%84" title="홈 서버 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="홈 서버" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_domestico" title="Server domestico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Server domestico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%85%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90" title="自宅サーバ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="自宅サーバ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Домашний сервер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Домашний сервер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%A8%E4%BC%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%99%A8" title="家用伺服器 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="家用伺服器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q750110#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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#36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Home+server%22">"Home server"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Home+server%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Home+server%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Home+server%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Home+server%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Home+server%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>home server</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">computing server</a> located in a <a href="/wiki/Private_residence" class="mw-redirect" title="Private residence">private</a> <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">computing</a> residence providing services to other devices inside or outside the <a href="/wiki/Household" title="Household">household</a> through a <a href="/wiki/Home_network" title="Home network">home network</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. Such services may include <a href="/wiki/Shared_resource" title="Shared resource">file and printer serving</a>, <a href="/wiki/Home_theater_PC" title="Home theater PC">media center</a> serving, <a href="/wiki/Home_automation" title="Home automation">home automation control</a>, <a href="/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">web serving</a> (on the network or Internet), <a href="/wiki/Web_caching" class="mw-redirect" title="Web caching">web caching</a>, file sharing and synchronization, <a href="/wiki/Video_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Video surveillance">video surveillance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">digital video recorder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Online calendar">calendar</a> and contact sharing and synchronization, account authentication, and <a href="/wiki/Backup" title="Backup">backup</a> services. In the recent times, it has become very common to run hundreds of applications as containers, isolated from the host operating system.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of the relatively low number of computers on a typical home network, a home server commonly does not require significant computing power. Home servers can be implemented <a href="/wiki/Do-it-yourself" class="mw-redirect" title="Do-it-yourself">do-it-yourself</a> style with a re-purposed, older computer, or a <a href="/wiki/Plug_computer" title="Plug computer">plug computer</a>; pre-configured commercial home server appliances are also available. An <a href="/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply" title="Uninterruptible power supply">uninterruptible power supply</a> is sometimes used in case of <a href="/wiki/Power_outage" title="Power outage">power outages</a> that can possibly corrupt data. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services_provided_by_home_servers">Services provided by home servers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Services provided by home servers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administration_and_configuration">Administration and configuration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Administration and configuration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers often run <a href="/wiki/Headless_server" class="mw-redirect" title="Headless server">headless</a>, and can be administered remotely through a <a href="/wiki/Command_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Command shell">command shell</a>, or graphically through a <a href="/wiki/Remote_desktop" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote desktop">remote desktop</a> system such as <a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol" title="Remote Desktop Protocol">RDP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Network Computing">VNC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Webmin" title="Webmin">Webmin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Remote_Desktop" title="Apple Remote Desktop">Apple Remote Desktop</a>, or many others. </p><p>Some home server operating systems (such as <a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a>) include a consumer-focused <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> (GUI) for setup and configuration that is available on home computers on the home network (and remotely over the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> via <a href="#RA">remote access</a>). Others simply enable users to use native operating system tools for configuration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Centralized_storage">Centralized storage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Centralized storage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers often act as <a href="/wiki/Network-attached_storage" title="Network-attached storage">network-attached storage</a> (NAS) providing the major benefit that all users' files can be centrally and securely stored, with flexible permissions applied to them. Such files can be easily accessed from any other system on the network, provided the correct credentials are supplied. This also applies to shared printers. </p><p>Such files can also be shared over the Internet to be accessible from anywhere in the world using <a href="#RA">remote access</a>. </p><p>Servers running <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> or <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> with the free <a href="/wiki/Samba_(software)" title="Samba (software)">Samba suite</a> (or certain Windows Server products - Windows Home Server excluded) can provide domain control, custom logon scripts, and <a href="/wiki/Roaming_user_profile" title="Roaming user profile">roaming profiles</a> to users of certain versions of Windows.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This allows a user to log on from any machine in the domain and have access to their "Documents" folder and personalized Windows and application preferences - multiple accounts on each computer in the home are not needed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_serving">Media serving</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Media serving"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers are often used to serve multi-media content, including photos, music, and video to other devices in the household (and even to the Internet; see <a href="/wiki/Space_shifting" class="mw-redirect" title="Space shifting">Space shifting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tonido" title="Tonido">Tonido</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orb_(Software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orb (Software)">Orb</a>). Using standard protocols such as <a href="/wiki/Digital_Living_Network_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Living Network Alliance">DLNA</a> or proprietary systems such as <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a>, users can access their media stored on the home server from any room in the house. <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_Media_Center_Edition" title="Windows XP Media Center Edition">Windows XP Media Center Edition</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a> can act as a home server, supporting a particular type of media serving that streams the interactive user experience to <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center_Extender" title="Windows Media Center Extender">Media Center Extenders</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Xbox_360" title="Xbox 360">Xbox 360</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MythTV-main_menu.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/MythTV-main_menu.png/150px-MythTV-main_menu.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/MythTV-main_menu.png/225px-MythTV-main_menu.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/MythTV-main_menu.png/300px-MythTV-main_menu.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>A typical MythTV menu</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a> supports media streaming to <a href="/wiki/Xbox_360" title="Xbox 360">Xbox 360</a> and other DLNA-based media receivers via the built-in <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Connect" title="Windows Media Connect">Windows Media Connect</a> technology. Some Windows Home Server device manufacturers, such as <a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">HP</a>, extend this functionality with a full DLNA implementation such as <a href="/wiki/PacketVideo" title="PacketVideo">PacketVideo</a> <a href="/wiki/TwonkyMedia_server" title="TwonkyMedia server">TwonkyMedia</a> server. </p><p>There are many open-source and fully functional programs for media serving available for Linux. <a href="/wiki/LinuxMCE" title="LinuxMCE">LinuxMCE</a> is one example, which allows other devices to boot off a hard drive image on the server, allowing them to become appliances such as <a href="/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top boxes</a>. <a href="/wiki/Asterisk_(PBX)" title="Asterisk (PBX)">Asterisk</a>, Xine, <a href="/wiki/MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a> (another media serving solution), <a href="/wiki/VideoLAN" title="VideoLAN">VideoLAN</a>, <a href="/wiki/SlimServer" class="mw-redirect" title="SlimServer">SlimServer</a>, DLNA, and many other open-source projects are fully integrated for a seamless home theater/automation/telephony experience. </p><p>On an <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> server, options include <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a>, <a href="/wiki/PS3_Media_Server" title="PS3 Media Server">PS3 Media Server</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elgato#EyeConnect" title="Elgato">Elgato</a>. Additionally, for Macs directly connected to TVs, <a href="/wiki/Boxee" title="Boxee">Boxee</a> can act as a full-featured media center interface. </p><p>Servers are typically always on so the addition of a TV or radio tuner allows recording to be scheduled at any time. </p><p>These services such as <a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a> have become significantly less popular in favour of services such as <a href="/wiki/Plex_Inc." title="Plex Inc.">Plex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jellyfin" title="Jellyfin">Jellyfin</a>. These services allow users to store their media on a <a href="/wiki/Network-attached_storage" title="Network-attached storage">NAS</a> and stream and sometimes download it to devices within the network and optionally to devices outside the network. These services automatically sort users media and find <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> and sometimes subtitles. They also track and remember users progress within a movie or series so they can continue from where they left off.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These services can be criticised for catering to <a href="/wiki/Online_piracy" title="Online piracy">pirates</a> by allowing them to easily manage and view their illegally obtained media.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Remote_access">Remote access <span class="anchor" id="RA"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Remote access"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Webmin1dot290.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Webmin1dot290.jpg/150px-Webmin1dot290.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Webmin1dot290.jpg/225px-Webmin1dot290.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Webmin1dot290.jpg/300px-Webmin1dot290.jpg 2x" data-file-width="996" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>The Webmin Interface as it would appear in a standard web browser</figcaption></figure> <p>A home server can be used to provide remote access into the home from devices on the Internet, using <a href="/wiki/Remote_desktop_software" title="Remote desktop software">remote desktop software</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Remote_administration" title="Remote administration">remote administration</a> software. For example, <a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a> provides remote access to files stored on the home server via a web interface as well as remote access to <a href="/wiki/Terminal_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminal Services">Remote Desktop</a> sessions on PCs in the house. Similarly, <a href="/wiki/Tonido" title="Tonido">Tonido</a> provides direct access via a web browser from the Internet without requiring any port forwarding or other setup. Some enthusiasts often use <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPN</a> technologies as well. </p><p>On a Linux server, two popular tools are (among many) <a href="/wiki/Virtual_Network_Computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Network Computing">VNC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Webmin" title="Webmin">Webmin</a>. VNC allows clients to remotely view a server <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUI</a> desktop as if the user was physically sitting in front of the server. A GUI need not be running on the server console for this to occur; there can be multiple 'virtual' desktop environments open at the same time. Webmin allows users to control many aspects of server configuration and maintenance all from a simple web interface. Both can be configured to be accessed from anywhere on the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. </p><p>Servers can also be accessed remotely using the command line-based <a href="/wiki/Telnet" title="Telnet">Telnet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">SSH</a> protocols. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Web_serving">Web serving</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Web serving"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_web_server_software" title="Comparison of web server software">Comparison of web server software</a></div> <p>Some users choose to run a <a href="/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">web server</a> in order to share files easily and publicly (or privately, on the home network). Others set up web pages and serve them straight from their home, although this may be in violation of some <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">ISPs</a> terms of service. Sometimes these web servers are run on a nonstandard port in order to avoid the ISP's port blocking. Example web servers used on home servers include <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Web_proxy">Web proxy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Web proxy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some networks have an <a href="/wiki/HTTP_proxy" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP proxy">HTTP proxy</a> which can be used to speed up web access when multiple users visit the same websites, and to get past blocking software while the owner is using the network of some institution that might block certain sites. Public proxies are often slow and unreliable and so it is worth the trouble of setting up one's own private proxy. </p><p>Some proxies can be configured to block websites on the local network if it is set up as a <a href="/wiki/Transparent_proxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Transparent proxy">transparent proxy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="E-mail">E-mail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: E-mail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many home servers also run e-mail servers that handle e-mail for the owner's domain name. The advantages are having much bigger mailboxes and maximum message size than most commercial e-mail services. Access to the server, since it is on the local network is much faster than using an external service. This also increases security as e-mails do not reside on an off-site server. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BitTorrent">BitTorrent</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: BitTorrent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers are ideal for utilizing the <a href="/wiki/BitTorrent_(protocol)" class="mw-redirect" title="BitTorrent (protocol)">BitTorrent</a> protocol for downloading and seeding files as some torrents can take days, or even weeks to complete and perform better on an uninterrupted connection. There are many text based clients such as <a href="/wiki/RTorrent" title="RTorrent">rTorrent</a> and web-based ones such as <a href="/wiki/TorrentFlux" class="mw-redirect" title="TorrentFlux">TorrentFlux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tonido" title="Tonido">Tonido</a> available for this purpose. BitTorrent also makes it easier for those with limited bandwidth to distribute large files over the Internet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gopher">Gopher</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gopher"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)" title="Gopher (protocol)">Gopher (protocol)</a></div> <p>An unusual service is the <a href="/wiki/Gopher_protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Gopher protocol">Gopher protocol</a>, a hypertext document retrieval protocol which pre-dated the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> and was popular in the early 1990s. Many of the remaining gopher servers are run off home servers utilizing PyGopherd and the Bucktooth gopher server.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_automation">Home automation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Home automation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Home_automation" title="Home automation">Home automation</a> frequently relies on continuously operational devices for effective control and management. While traditional home servers have been instrumental in this area, the emergence and increasing use of <a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Single-board_computer" title="Single-board computer">Single Board Computers</a> (SBCs) have become prominent. These devices, notably the Raspberry Pi, offer a flexible platform for running home automation software such as Gladys and <a href="/wiki/Home_Assistant" title="Home Assistant">Home Assistant</a>. This shift towards SBC-based solutions has made home automation more accessible and cost-efficient, allowing a broader range of users to seamlessly control and integrate various smart home devices, thereby enhancing the overall functionality and convenience of their home automation systems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_monitoring">Security monitoring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Security monitoring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Relatively low cost <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television" title="Closed-circuit television">CCTV</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">DVR</a> solutions are available that allow recording of video cameras to a home server for security purposes. The video can then be viewed on PCs or other devices in the house. </p><p>A series of cheap <a href="/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Serial Bus">USB</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">webcams</a> can be connected to a home server as a makeshift CCTV system. Optionally these images and video streams can be made available over the Internet using standard protocols. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family_applications">Family applications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Family applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers can act as a host to family-oriented applications such as a family calendar, to-do lists, and message boards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IRC_and_instant_messaging">IRC and instant messaging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: IRC and instant messaging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because a server is always on, an IRC client or IM client running on it will be highly available to the Internet. This way, the chat client will be able to record activity that occurs even while the user is not at the computer, e.g. asleep or at work or school. Textual clients such as <a href="/wiki/Irssi" title="Irssi">Irssi</a> and tmsnc can be detached using <a href="/wiki/GNU_Screen" title="GNU Screen">GNU Screen</a> for example, and graphical clients such as <a href="/wiki/Pidgin_(software)" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a> can be detached using <a href="/wiki/Xmove" title="Xmove">xmove</a>. <a href="/wiki/Quassel" class="mw-redirect" title="Quassel">Quassel</a> provides a specific version for this kind of use. Home servers can also be used to run personal <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Messaging_and_Presence_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol">XMPP</a> servers and <a href="/wiki/IRC_server" class="mw-redirect" title="IRC server">IRC servers</a> as these protocols can support a large number of users on very little bandwidth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_gaming">Online gaming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Online gaming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some multiplayer games such as <a href="/wiki/Continuum_(game_client)" class="mw-redirect" title="Continuum (game client)">Continuum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tremulous" title="Tremulous">Tremulous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minecraft" title="Minecraft">Minecraft</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Doom_(franchise)" title="Doom (franchise)">Doom</a> have server software available which users may download and use to run their own private <a href="/wiki/Game_server" title="Game server">game server</a>. Some of these servers are <a href="/wiki/Password" title="Password">password</a> protected, so only a selected group of people such as <a href="/wiki/Clan_(computer_gaming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan (computer gaming)">clan</a> members or whitelisted players can gain access to the server. Others are open for public use and may move to <a href="/wiki/Colocation_centre" title="Colocation centre">colocation</a> or other forms of paid hosting if they gain a large number of players. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federated_social_networks">Federated social networks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Federated social networks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers can be used to host distributed <a href="/wiki/Federated_social_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Federated social network">federated social networks</a> like <a href="/wiki/DIASPORA*" class="mw-redirect" title="DIASPORA*">Diaspora</a> and <a href="/wiki/GNU_social" title="GNU social">GNU Social</a>. Federation protocols like <a href="/wiki/ActivityPub" title="ActivityPub">ActivityPub</a> allow many small home servers to interact in a meaningful way and give the perception of being on a large traditional social network. Federation is not just limited to social networks. Many innovative new free software web services are being developed that can allow people to host their own videos, photos, blogs etc. and still participate in the larger federated networks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Third-party_platform">Third-party platform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Third-party platform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers often are platforms that enable third-party products to be built and added over time. For example, <a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a> provides a Software Development Kit.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, <a href="/wiki/Tonido" title="Tonido">Tonido</a> provides an application platform that can be extended by writing new applications using their SDK. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operating_systems">Operating systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Operating systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Home servers run many different <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a>. Enthusiasts who build their own home servers can use whatever OS is conveniently available or familiar to them, such as <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution" title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a> or <a href="/wiki/Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs" title="Plan 9 from Bell Labs">Plan 9 from Bell Labs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hardware">Hardware</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Hardware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Single-board_computer" title="Single-board computer">Single-board computers</a> are increasingly being used to power home servers, with many of them being <a href="/wiki/ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARM</a> devices. Old desktop and laptop computers<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> can also be re-purposed to be used as home servers. </p><p>Mobile phones are typically just as powerful as ARM-based single board computers. Once mobile phones can run the <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> operating system, self-hosting might move to mobile devices with each person's data and services being served from their own mobile phone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Server_definitions">Server definitions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Server definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Server (computing)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Network-attached_storage" title="Network-attached storage">Network-attached storage</a> (NAS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_server" title="File server">File server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Print_server" title="Print server">Print server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_server" title="Media server">Media server</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operating_systems_2">Operating systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Operating systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BSD_UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="BSD UNIX">BSD UNIX</a></li> <li>Hypervisor <a href="/wiki/Illumos#Distributions" title="Illumos">illumos distributions</a></li> <li>Various <a href="/wiki/Linux_distributions" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux distributions">Linux distributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="MacOS Server">macOS Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Windows Home Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Essentials" title="Windows Server Essentials">Windows Server Essentials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs" title="Plan 9 from Bell Labs">Plan 9 from Bell Labs</a> - The successor to <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Products">Products</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_MediaSmart_Server" title="HP MediaSmart Server">HP MediaSmart Server</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technologies">Technologies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Technologies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Client%E2%80%93server_model" title="Client–server model">Client–server model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_DNS" title="Dynamic DNS">Dynamic DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_network" title="Home network">Home network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_gateway" title="Residential gateway">Residential gateway</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_serving_software">Media serving software</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Media serving software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front_Row_(software)" title="Front Row (software)">Front Row</a> - for Mac OS X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinuxMCE" title="LinuxMCE">LinuxMCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plex_(software)#Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Plex (software)">Plex Media Server</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS"><span title="The anchor (Software) has been deleted. (2024-06-02)">broken anchor</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodi_(software)" title="Kodi (software)">Kodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellyfin" title="Jellyfin">Jellyfin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Server_software">Server software</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Server software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_web_servers" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of web servers">Comparison of web servers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mail_server_software" title="List of mail server software">List of mail server software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_FTP_server_software" class="mw-redirect" title="List of FTP server software">List of FTP server software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_(software)" title="Samba (software)">Samba (software)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealVNC" title="RealVNC">RealVNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonido" title="Tonido">Tonido</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_networking">Home networking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Home networking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOCSIS" title="DOCSIS">DOCSIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.hn" title="G.hn">G.hn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomePNA" title="HomePNA">HomePNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_line_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Power line communication">Power line communication</a>, <a href="/wiki/HomePlug_Powerline_Alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="HomePlug Powerline Alliance">HomePlug Powerline Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-high-bitrate_digital_subscriber_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Very-high-bitrate digital subscriber line">VDSL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Very_high_speed_digital_subscriber_line_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Very high speed digital subscriber line 2">VDSL2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_LAN" title="Wireless LAN">Wireless LAN</a>, <a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11" title="IEEE 802.11">IEEE 802.11</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Home_server&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Plex+makes+piracy+just+another+streaming+service&rft.date=2019-07-23&rft.aulast=Stephen&rft.aufirst=Bijan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2019%2F7%2F23%2F20697751%2Fpiracy-plex-netflix-hulu-streaming-wars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHome+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb425866.aspx">"Software Development Kit for Windows Home Server"</a>. 19 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Software+Development+Kit+for+Windows+Home+Server&rft.date=2009-03-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsdn.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Flibrary%2Fbb425866.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHome+server" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.danielclemente.com/amarok/">"Proceso de montaje del servidor de mi casa"</a>. <i>www.danielclemente.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="Table computer">Tabletop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_computer" title="Surface computer">Surface</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">Desktop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deskside_computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Deskside computer">Deskside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizza-box_form_factor" title="Pizza-box form factor">Pizza box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_tower" title="Computer tower">Tower</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_computer" title="Portable computer">Portable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_form_factor_PC" title="Small form factor PC">Small form factor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mini_PC" title="Mini PC">Mini PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plug_computer" title="Plug computer">Plug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stick_PC" title="Stick PC">Stick PC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19-inch_rack" title="19-inch rack">Rack</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blade_server" title="Blade server">Blade server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade_PC" title="Blade PC">Blade PC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_computing" title="Mobile computing">Mobile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laptop" title="Laptop">Laptop</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-in-1_laptop" title="2-in-1 laptop">2-in-1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-in-1_laptop#2-in-1_convertible" title="2-in-1 laptop">Convertible</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloudbook" title="Cloudbook">Cloudbook</a></li> <li><a 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