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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="MSbVHL/KtqmZ/IyP76PhHq5MDFvKU2wz+SlB7fRb5HRW0m1QcrhBuKStzd8HXJVZUhWUHdB6egR1usy2KUhjZQ==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2015/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="European journal of epidemiology" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Michelle Williams" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/105342529/Body_mass_index_gestational_weight_gain_and_fatty_acid_concentrations_during_pregnancy_the_Generation_R_Study" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Obesity during pregnancy may be correlated with an adverse nutritional status affecting pregnancy and offspring outcomes. 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We examined the associations of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with plasma fatty acid concentrations" /> <title>(PDF) Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study | Michelle Williams - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/105342529/Body_mass_index_gestational_weight_gain_and_fatty_acid_concentrations_during_pregnancy_the_Generation_R_Study" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '04eca283cd87f77be92866d598a6d757659962b2'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1733258816000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1733258816000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Obesity during pregnancy may be correlated with an adverse nutritional status affecting pregnancy and offspring outcomes. We examined the associations of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with plasma fatty acid concentrations in mid-pregnancy. This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study among 5636 women. We obtained prepregnancy body mass index and maximum weight gain during pregnancy by questionnaires. We measured concentrations of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) at a median gestational age of 20.5 (95 % range 17.1-24.9) weeks. We used multivariate linear regression models. As compared to normal weight women, obese women had higher total SFA concentrations [difference: 0.10 standard deviation (SD) (95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 0, 0.19)] and lower total n-3 PUFA concentrations [difference: - 0.11 SD (95 % CI - 0.20,...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Williams"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-08-07","dateModified":"2023-08-07","datePublished":"2015-01-01","headline":"Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104822187/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Obesity","Medicine","Multivariate Analysis","Prospective studies","Pregnancy","Humans","Fatty acids","Female","Netherlands","Mothers","Cohort","Nutritional Status","Body Mass Index","Adult","Pregnant Women","Gestational Age","Gestation","Logistic Models","Gestational Weight Gain","Surveys and Questionnaires"],"publication":"European journal of epidemiology","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104822187/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/105342529/Body_mass_index_gestational_weight_gain_and_fatty_acid_concentrations_during_pregnancy_the_Generation_R_Study"}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-102fa537001ba4d8dcd921ad9bd56c474abc201906ea4843e7e7efe9dfbf561d.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link 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[{"id":104822187,"identifier":"Attachment_104822187","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":105342529,"created_at":"2023-08-07T03:43:54.336-07:00","from_world_paper_id":238431715,"updated_at":"2023-08-07T04:07:19.535-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"Obesity during pregnancy may be correlated with an adverse nutritional status affecting pregnancy and offspring outcomes. We examined the associations of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with plasma fatty acid concentrations in mid-pregnancy. This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study among 5636 women. We obtained prepregnancy body mass index and maximum weight gain during pregnancy by questionnaires. We measured concentrations of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) at a median gestational age of 20.5 (95 % range 17.1-24.9) weeks. We used multivariate linear regression models. As compared to normal weight women, obese women had higher total SFA concentrations [difference: 0.10 standard deviation (SD) (95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 0, 0.19)] and lower total n-3 PUFA concentrations [difference: - 0.11 SD (95 % CI - 0.20,...","publication_date":"2015,,","publication_name":"European journal of epidemiology"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [276805651]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":104822187,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/104822187/mini_magick20230807-1-7p50l.png?1691405164" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Body mass index, gestational weight gain and fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy: the Generation R Study</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="276805651" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichelleWilliams352"><img alt="Profile image of Michelle Williams" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/276805651/134395957/123833125/s65_michelle.williams.png" />Michelle Williams</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015, European journal of epidemiology</p></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Obesity during pregnancy may be correlated with an adverse nutritional status affecting pregnancy and offspring outcomes. We examined the associations of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with plasma fatty acid concentrations in mid-pregnancy. This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study among 5636 women. We obtained prepregnancy body mass index and maximum weight gain during pregnancy by questionnaires. We measured concentrations of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) at a median gestational age of 20.5 (95 % range 17.1-24.9) weeks. We used multivariate linear regression models. As compared to normal weight women, obese women had higher total SFA concentrations [difference: 0.10 standard deviation (SD) (95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 0, 0.19)] and lower total n-3 PUFA concentrations [difference: - 0.11 SD (95 % CI - 0.20,...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":104822187,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/105342529/Body_mass_index_gestational_weight_gain_and_fatty_acid_concentrations_during_pregnancy_the_Generation_R_Study"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":104822187,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/105342529/Body_mass_index_gestational_weight_gain_and_fatty_acid_concentrations_during_pregnancy_the_Generation_R_Study"}"><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/73980649/Early_pregnancy_body_mass_index_modifies_the_association_of_pre_pregnancy_dietary_patterns_with_serum_polyunsaturated_fatty_acid_concentrations_throughout_pregnancy_in_Brazilian_women">Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre-pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32896717" href="https://ufrj.academia.edu/JaquelineLepsch">Jaqueline Lepsch</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Maternal & Child Nutrition</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre-pregnancy dietary patterns with serum 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="10505591" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10505591/Measurement_of_Dietary_Intake_of_Fatty_Acids_in_Pregnant_Women_Comparison_of_Self_Reported_Intakes_with_Adipose_Tissue_Levels">Measurement of Dietary Intake of Fatty Acids in Pregnant Women: Comparison of Self-Reported Intakes with Adipose Tissue Levels</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="25761631" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarlaLopes13">Carla Lopes</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annals of Epidemiology, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" 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profile early in pregnancy and term birth weight: a prospective cohort study1-3","attachmentId":34042346,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7465853/Maternal_n3_n6_and_trans_fatty_acid_profile_early_in_pregnancy_and_term_birth_weight_a_prospective_cohort_study1_3","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7465853/Maternal_n3_n6_and_trans_fatty_acid_profile_early_in_pregnancy_and_term_birth_weight_a_prospective_cohort_study1_3"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="88190277" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88190277/Maternal_Factors_Associated_with_Levels_of_Fatty_Acids_Specifically_n_3_PUFA_during_Pregnancy_ECLIPSES_Study">Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8161497" href="https://independent.academia.edu/estefaniaaparicio">estefania aparicio</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nutrients, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">An optimal fatty acid (FA) profile during pregnancy, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is essential for the health of the mother and child. Our aim was to identify the socioeconomic and maternal lifestyle factors associated with serum FA concentration in pregnant women. A longitudinal study was conducted on 479 pregnant women, who were assessed during the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics, food consumption, and lifestyle were collected. Serum FA concentrations were analysed by a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combination. The multiple linear regression showed that high educational level and older age were significantly associated with higher EPA and DHA concentrations and lower values of n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/EPA in T1 and/or T3. Regarding diet—fish and seafood consumption increased EPA concentration and reduced n-6/n-3 and AA/EPA values in both trimesters, whereas its consumptio...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study","attachmentId":92211157,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88190277/Maternal_Factors_Associated_with_Levels_of_Fatty_Acids_Specifically_n_3_PUFA_during_Pregnancy_ECLIPSES_Study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88190277/Maternal_Factors_Associated_with_Levels_of_Fatty_Acids_Specifically_n_3_PUFA_during_Pregnancy_ECLIPSES_Study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="81704785" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81704785/Changes_in_fatty_acid_levels_saturated_monounsaturated_and_polyunsaturated_during_pregnancy">Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45374001" href="https://urv.academia.edu/JosefaCanals">Josefa Canals</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background During pregnancy a high amount of fatty acids (FA) is necessary to meet foetus demands, which vary during gestation. The present study describes the changes in maternal fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy in a sample of pregnant women. Methods This is a longitudinal study of 479 pregnant women who were monitored from the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics were recorded and a serum sample was collected in each trimester. The fatty acid profile (saturated (SFA: total, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid), monounsaturated (MUFA: total, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: total omega-6 (n-6), linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-3 (n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was analysed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination. Results From the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy, a sign...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy","attachmentId":87656937,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81704785/Changes_in_fatty_acid_levels_saturated_monounsaturated_and_polyunsaturated_during_pregnancy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81704785/Changes_in_fatty_acid_levels_saturated_monounsaturated_and_polyunsaturated_during_pregnancy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="52215965" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/52215965/Changes_in_Serum_Fatty_Acids_Levels_during_Pregnancy_and_After_Delivery_in_a_Longitudinal_Study">Changes in Serum Fatty Acids Levels during Pregnancy and After Delivery in a Longitudinal Study</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56487449" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RuedaElkin">Elkin Rueda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Nutritional Biology</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Introduction: During pregnancy, several maternal metabolic adaptations occur. One of these adaptations is the significant changes in lipid metabolism which contribute to the nutrient balance of the fetal-placental unit, essential for fetal development and lactation.Methods: In this study, serum concentration of different fatty acids in healthy pregnant women and three months postpartum were determined by capillary gas chromatography and compared to healthy non-pregnant women and men. Differences between groups were assessed with one-way analyses of variance and the post hoc Tukey-HSD test for multiple comparisons. The Mann-Whitney U test was used when a variable was not normally distributed. All statistical analyses were conducted using R statistical Software (version 3.3.1).Results: The results showed that serum levels of these maternal fatty acids increased significantly from the middle until the end of pregnancy compared to non-pregnant women and decreased at postpartum. Saturate...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Changes in Serum Fatty Acids Levels during Pregnancy and After Delivery in a Longitudinal Study","attachmentId":69583939,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/52215965/Changes_in_Serum_Fatty_Acids_Levels_during_Pregnancy_and_After_Delivery_in_a_Longitudinal_Study","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/52215965/Changes_in_Serum_Fatty_Acids_Levels_during_Pregnancy_and_After_Delivery_in_a_Longitudinal_Study"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="67446605" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67446605/Maternal_BMI_Mid_pregnancy_Fatty_Acid_Concentrations_and_Perinatal_Outcomes">Maternal BMI, Mid-pregnancy Fatty Acid Concentrations,and Perinatal Outcomes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="58739673" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarmenMontheDreze">Carmen Monthe-Dreze</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Clinical therapeutics, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">PURPOSE Maternal body mass index (BMI) and systemic fatty acid (FA) concentrations affect inflammatory balance in pregnancy and play a key role in fetal growth and well-being. Little is known about how maternal BMI may affect the association between key FA concentrations and neonatal outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between the maternal omega (n)6:n3 FA ratio and neonatal outcomes according to maternal pre-pregnancy BMI category. METHODS This study is a secondary analysis of the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network randomized controlled trial of omega-3 FA supplementation to prevent recurrent preterm birth. At consent (16-22 weeks of pregnancy), women were randomized to either the intervention arm (2g of n3 FAs) or the control arm (placebo). For the present analysis, the primary exposure was the ratio of proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory (n6:n3) FAs at 25 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. The primary outcome was fetal growth as measured by using birt...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Maternal BMI, Mid-pregnancy Fatty Acid Concentrations,and Perinatal Outcomes","attachmentId":78260126,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67446605/Maternal_BMI_Mid_pregnancy_Fatty_Acid_Concentrations_and_Perinatal_Outcomes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67446605/Maternal_BMI_Mid_pregnancy_Fatty_Acid_Concentrations_and_Perinatal_Outcomes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="104824270" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/104824270/Impact_of_Maternal_Obesity_on_the_Metabolism_and_Bioavailability_of_Polyunsaturated_Fatty_Acids_during_Pregnancy_and_Breastfeeding">Impact of Maternal Obesity on the Metabolism and Bioavailability of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="264390642" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MunozYasna">Yasna Muñoz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nutrients, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Prenatal and postnatal development are closely related to healthy maternal conditions that allow for the provision of all nutritional requirements to the offspring. In this regard, an appropriate supply of fatty acids (FA), mainly n-3 and n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), is crucial to ensure a normal development, because they are an integral part of cell membranes and participate in the synthesis of bioactive molecules that regulate multiple signaling pathways. On the other hand, maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain affect FA supply to the fetus and neonate, altering placental nutrient transfer, as well as the production and composition of breast milk during lactation. In this regard, maternal obesity modifies FA profile, resulting in low n-3 and elevated n-6 PUFA levels in maternal and fetal circulation during pregnancy, as well as in breast milk during lactation. These modifications are associated with a pro-inflammatory state and oxidative st...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Impact of Maternal Obesity on the Metabolism and Bioavailability of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding","attachmentId":104450107,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104824270/Impact_of_Maternal_Obesity_on_the_Metabolism_and_Bioavailability_of_Polyunsaturated_Fatty_Acids_during_Pregnancy_and_Breastfeeding","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/104824270/Impact_of_Maternal_Obesity_on_the_Metabolism_and_Bioavailability_of_Polyunsaturated_Fatty_Acids_during_Pregnancy_and_Breastfeeding"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="86207554" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/86207554/The_association_between_interpregnancy_interval_and_birth_weight_what_is_the_role_of_maternal_polyunsaturated_fatty_acid_status">The association between interpregnancy interval and birth weight: what is the role of maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid status?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="63816879" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ELEL41">EL EL</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The association between interpregnancy interval and birth weight: what is the role of maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid status?","attachmentId":90714656,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86207554/The_association_between_interpregnancy_interval_and_birth_weight_what_is_the_role_of_maternal_polyunsaturated_fatty_acid_status","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/86207554/The_association_between_interpregnancy_interval_and_birth_weight_what_is_the_role_of_maternal_polyunsaturated_fatty_acid_status"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="89065162" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89065162/Plasma_%CF%89_3_fatty_acids_in_pregnancy_are_inversely_associated_with_postpartum_weight_retention_in_a_multiethnic_Asian_cohort">Plasma ω-3 fatty acids in pregnancy are inversely associated with postpartum weight retention in a multiethnic Asian cohort</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35078461" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YapsengChong">Yap-Seng Chong</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Plasma ω-3 fatty acids in pregnancy are inversely associated with postpartum weight retention in a multiethnic Asian cohort","attachmentId":92933681,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89065162/Plasma_%CF%89_3_fatty_acids_in_pregnancy_are_inversely_associated_with_postpartum_weight_retention_in_a_multiethnic_Asian_cohort","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="64462885" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64462885/Influence_of_Maternal_Obesity_and_Gestational_Weight_Gain_on_Maternal_and_Foetal_Lipid_Profile">Influence of Maternal Obesity and Gestational Weight Gain on Maternal and Foetal Lipid Profile</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31415387" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LucillaRav%C3%A0">Lucilla Ravà</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nutrients, 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