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id="toc-Generic_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-noble_titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-noble_titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Non-noble titles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-noble_titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul 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.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mongolian+nobility%22">"Mongolian nobility"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mongolian+nobility%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Mongolian+nobility%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mongolian+nobility%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Mongolian+nobility%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mongolian+nobility%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MongolianRoyalty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/MongolianRoyalty.jpg/200px-MongolianRoyalty.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/MongolianRoyalty.jpg/300px-MongolianRoyalty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/MongolianRoyalty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="502" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Khalkha" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalkha">Khalkha</a> Mongol noblewoman (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1908</span>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Mongolian nobility</b> (<a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian:</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237794275">.mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White"}</style><span lang="mn-Mong" class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:middle;">ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ</span>; <i>yazgurtan</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span lang="mn-Mong" class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:middle;">ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠲᠠᠨ</span> <i>survaljtan</i>) arose between the 10th and 12th centuries, became prominent in the 13th century, and essentially governed <a href="/wiki/Pan-Mongolism" title="Pan-Mongolism">Mongolia</a> until the early 20th century. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a> word for <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">nobility</a>, <i>Yazgurtan</i>, derives from the Mongol word <i>yazgur</i>, meaning "root". </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Monggol_bicig.svg/11px-Monggol_bicig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Monggol_bicig.svg/17px-Monggol_bicig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Monggol_bicig.svg/23px-Monggol_bicig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="480" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian script</a>.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support#Mongolian" title="Help:Multilingual support">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of text in <a href="/wiki/Mongolian_script" title="Mongolian script">Mongolian script</a>.</div></div> </div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mongol_Empire_(1206–1368)_and_Yuan_dynasty_(1271–1368)"><span id="Mongol_Empire_.281206.E2.80.931368.29_and_Yuan_dynasty_.281271.E2.80.931368.29"></span>Mongol Empire (1206–1368) and Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Mongol Empire (1206–1368) and Yuan dynasty (1271–1368)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg/210px-DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg/315px-DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg/420px-DiezAlbumsTravelling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2518" data-file-height="2037" /></a><figcaption>A Mongol ruler on his way through the empire. Illustration of <a href="/wiki/Rashid-al-Din_Hamadani" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashid-al-Din Hamadani">Rashid al-Din</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Jami%27_al-tawarikh" title="Jami' al-tawarikh">Jami' al-tawarikh</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nobility_titles">Nobility titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Nobility titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b>Khaan</b></i> (<i><b><a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a></b></i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ</span>), the supreme ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><b>Noyon</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ</span>), meaning "King of a State", a ruler of a vassal/tributary state under the Mongol Empire.</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Jinong" title="Jinong">Jinong</a></b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠵᠢᠨᠤᠩ</span>), meaning "Crown Prince", the heir apparent of the Great Khaan. During the <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a>, the <i>Jinong</i> resided in <a href="/wiki/Kharakhorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharakhorum">Kharakhorum</a> and administered ceremonial events.</li> <li><i><b>Khan Khuu</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ</span>), meaning "Prince".</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mirza_(noble)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirza (noble)">Mirza</a></b></i>, a Persian term meaning "Prince".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_Ranks">Military Ranks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Military Ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b>Boyan</b></i>, the military general to the Khan, given an Ordu to command.</li> <li><i><b>Orlok</b></i>, commander of an Ordu, a unit of 30,000 or more troops.</li> <li><i><b>Tumetu-iin <a href="/wiki/Noyan" title="Noyan">Noyan</a></b></i>, meaning "Commander of a <i><a href="/wiki/Tumen_(unit)" title="Tumen (unit)">Tümen</a></i>". A <i>tümen</i> was a military unit of 10,000 troops. There were initially only nine <i>tümen</i>s in the Mongol Empire in 1206, but by 1368 there were 40 Mongol <i>tümen</i>s and four <a href="/wiki/Oirats" title="Oirats">Oirat</a> <i>tümen</i>s.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><b>Mingghan-u Noyan</b></i>, meaning "Commander of a <i><a href="/wiki/Mingghan" title="Mingghan">Mingghan</a></i>". A <i>mingghan</i> was a military unit of 1,000 troops.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><b>Jagutu-iin Darga</b></i>, meaning "Commander of a <i>Zuut</i>". A <i>zuut</i> was a military unit of 100 troops.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><b>Arban-u Darga</b></i>, meaning "Commander of an <i>Aravt</i>". An <i>aravt</i> was a military unit of 10 troops.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><b>Nokud</b></i>, the basic troop unit of the Mongolian army, Mongol warriors themselves were, considered nokud, for example.</li> <li><i><b>Kheshig</b></i>, an imperial guard unit, composed of nobility and nokuds.</li> <li><i><b>Cherbi</b></i>, a title for a <a href="/wiki/Kheshig" title="Kheshig">Kheshig</a> commander.</li> <li><i><b>Bahadur</b></i>, noble Mongol warriors, of whom were likely to be drafted into the Kheshig.</li> <li><i><b>Yurtchi</b></i>, the quartermaster for an Ordu. A Yurtchi would have to manage, organise equipment, and other duties to keep the Ordu running smoothly.</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Baig" class="mw-redirect" title="Baig">Beg</a></b></i>, a Turkic term meaning "Chieftain".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Female_titles">Female titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Female titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Khatun" title="Khatun">Khatun</a></b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ</span>; 可敦), meaning "Empress" or "Queen".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Begum" title="Begum">Begum</a></b></i> or <i><b>Behi</b></i> (别姬), referred to a noble lady, a Turkic term used to refer to the wife or daughter of a <i><a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">bey</a></i>.</li> <li><i><b>Gonji</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠭᠦᠩᠵᠦ</span>; 公主), referred to a princess or noble lady.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern_Yuan_dynasty_(1368–1635)"><span id="Northern_Yuan_dynasty_.281368.E2.80.931635.29"></span>Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1635)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1635)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nobility_titles_2">Nobility titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Nobility titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b>Khaan</b></i> (<i><b><a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a></b></i>), the supreme ruler of the Northern Yuan Empire.</li> <li><i><b>Khan</b></i>, a title for a Mongol feudal lord. By the mid-16th century, there were a number of <i>khan</i>s in Mongolia as local feudal lords started calling themselves <i>khan</i>. Note that this <i>khan</i> is different from <i>kh<b>aa</b>n</i>; <i>kh<b>aa</b>n</i> was reserved for the supreme ruler only.</li> <li><i><b>Jinong</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠵᠢᠨᠤᠩ</span>, the crown prince or heir apparent of the <i>Khaan</i>. He resided in the <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a> region. From the 15th century, the title became a hereditary one and was no longer reserved exclusively for the heir apparent of the <i>Khaan</i>.</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Khong_Tayiji" title="Khong Tayiji">Khong Tayiji</a></b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠬᠤᠨ<br />ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ</span>;, originated from the Chinese term <i>huangtaizi</i> (皇太子; "Imperial Crown Prince"). It was used to refer to a descendant of <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a> who had his own <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">fief</a>.</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Taiji_(Mongol_title)" title="Taiji (Mongol title)">Taiji</a></b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ</span>;), a title for a descendant of Genghis Khan.</li> <li><i><b>Wang</b></i>, a title for a descendant of <a href="/wiki/Qasar" title="Qasar">Qasar</a> or any of Genghis Khan's brothers who had his own fief.</li> <li><i><b>Taishi</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠠᠢᠱᠢ</span>; <a href="/wiki/Grand_Preceptor" title="Grand Preceptor">Grand Preceptor</a>), a title for a noble of non-<a href="/wiki/Borjigin" title="Borjigin">Borjigit</a> descent who had his own fief. Such nobles included the descendants of <i>Tumetu-iin <a href="/wiki/Noyan" title="Noyan">Noyan</a></i>s.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Female_titles_2">Female titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Female titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b>Taihu</b></i>, the <i>Khaan'</i>s consort.</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Khatun" title="Khatun">Khatun</a></b></i>, referred to a queen consort or noble lady of equivalent status.</li> <li><i><b>Gonji</b></i>, referred to a princess or noble lady of equivalent status.</li> <li><i><b>Behichi</b></i> (<i><b>Beiji</b></i>), referred to a princess consort or noble lady of equivalent status.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Qing_dynasty_(1691–1911)_and_Bogd_Khaganate_(1911–1924)"><span id="Qing_dynasty_.281691.E2.80.931911.29_and_Bogd_Khaganate_.281911.E2.80.931924.29"></span>Qing dynasty (1691–1911) and Bogd Khaganate (1911–1924)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Qing dynasty (1691–1911) and Bogd Khaganate (1911–1924)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Royal_and_noble_ranks_of_the_Qing_dynasty" title="Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty">Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia,_1911-1924.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia%2C_1911-1924.jpg/200px-Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia%2C_1911-1924.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia%2C_1911-1924.jpg/300px-Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia%2C_1911-1924.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia%2C_1911-1924.jpg/400px-Ladies_at_court_Bogd_Khan._Mongolia%2C_1911-1924.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="839" /></a><figcaption>Ladies at court Bogd Khan.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nobility_titles_3">Nobility titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Nobility titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b>Khan</b></i> (Хан), referred to the lord of a <i><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Mongolia_during_Qing" title="Administrative divisions of Mongolia during Qing">hoshun</a></i>. Note that this title is of a lower status than the <i><b>Khaan</b></i> or <i><b><a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Khagan</a></b></i> used in earlier times. Among the <a href="/wiki/Khalkha_Mongols" title="Khalkha Mongols">Khalkha Mongols</a>, there were four <i>khan</i>s: Tushietu Khan, Zasagtu Khan, Secen Khan and Sain Noyan Khan. In the <a href="/wiki/Khovd_Province" title="Khovd Province">Kobdo region</a>, there were two <i>khan</i>s: Tögs Hülüg Dalai Khan and Ünen Zorigtu Khan. Despite the association of the four <a href="/wiki/Aimag" title="Aimag">aimags</a> with these titles, the <i>khan'</i>s power was restricted to only within his <i>hoshun</i>. The <i>khan</i> would communicate with the <a href="/wiki/List_of_emperors_of_the_Qing_dynasty" title="List of emperors of the Qing dynasty">Qing Emperor</a> just as any other <a href="/wiki/Jasagh" title="Jasagh">Jasagh</a> (<i>hoshun</i> lord).</li> <li><i><b>Ashan-i hafan</b></i> (男爵; equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Baron" title="Baron">baron</a>), a special title awarded to foreigners (e.g. Alexander Zanzer I) during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Bogd_Khan" title="Bogd Khan">Bogd Khan</a>. The baron drew an annual income of 3,500 <a href="/wiki/Tael" title="Tael">taels</a> of silver and 60 rolls of silk.</li></ul> <p><br /> The following six titles were the same as those used by members of the Manchu nobility. (See <a href="/wiki/Royal_and_noble_ranks_of_the_Qing_dynasty#Male_members" title="Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty">here</a> for details.) These titles were usually hereditary, and were decorated with styles to form a longer title (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/Khorchin_Mongols" title="Khorchin Mongols">Khorchin</a> Jasagh Darhan Chin-Wang</i> 科爾沁扎薩克達爾罕親王) to indicate which <i>hoshun</i> the noble was from. </p> <ul><li><i><b>Chin Wang</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ</span> 親王), referred to the lord of a <i>hoshun</i>. A <i>chin wang</i> drew an annual income of 2,600 taels of silver and 40 rolls of silk, and held 60 serfs.</li> <li><i><b>Giyün Wang</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠭᠢᠶᠦᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ</span> 郡王), referred to the lord of a <i>hoshun</i>. A <i>giyün wang</i> drew an annual income of 1,200–2,000 taels of silver and 15–25 rolls of silk, and held 50 serfs.</li> <li><i><b>Beile</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡ</span> 貝勒), referred to the lord of a <i>hoshun</i>. A <i>beile</i> drew an annual income of 600 taels of silver and 13 rolls of silk, and held 40 serfs.</li> <li><i><b>Beis</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠰᠡ</span> 貝子), referred to the lord of a <i>hoshun</i>. A <i>beis</i> drew an annual income of 500 taels of silver and 10 rolls of silk.</li> <li><i><b>Tushiye Gong</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ<br />ᠬᠦᠩ</span> 鎮國公), referred to the lord of a <i>hoshun</i>. A <i>tushiye gong</i> drew an annual income of 300 taels of silver and nine rolls of silk.</li> <li><i><b>Tusalagchi Gong</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ<br />ᠬᠦᠩ</span> 輔國公), referred to the lord of a <i>hoshun</i>. A <i>tusalagchi gong</i> drew an annual income of 200 taels of silver and seven rolls of silk.</li> <li><i><b>Hohi Taiji</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ</span> 台吉) referred to a Mongol noble who did not hold any of the above six titles. It was subdivided into four ranks: <ul><li><i>Terigun Zereg-un Taiji</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ<br />ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ<br />ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ</span> ), first-rank <i>hohi taiji</i> who was eligible for a hereditary lordship over a <i>hoshun</i>. He drew an annual income of 100 taels of silver and four rolls of silk.</li> <li><i>Ded Zereg-un Taiji</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠳᠡᠳ᠋<br />ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ<br />ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ</span> ), second-rank <i>hohi taiji</i> who was also eligible for a hereditary lordship over a <i>hoshun</i>. He drew an annual income of 90 taels of silver and three rolls of silk.</li> <li><i>Gutugaar Zereg-un Taiji</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠷ<br />ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ<br />ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ</span> ), third-rank <i>hohi taiji</i>.</li> <li><i>Dötugeer Zereg-un Taiji</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠳᠥᠲᠦᠭᠡᠷ<br />ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ<br />ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ</span>), fourth-rank <i>hohi taiji</i> who drew an annual income of 40 taels of silver and held four serfs.</li></ul></li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BaatarVan1914on.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/BaatarVan1914on.jpg/200px-BaatarVan1914on.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="353" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/BaatarVan1914on.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption>A Mongolian noble child in 1914</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Generic_titles">Generic titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Generic titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apart from the above ranks, the nobles were also divided into two types: </p> <ul><li><i><b>Töröl Taiji</b></i> (literally "related nobles"), members of the 'Altan Urug' and descendants of Genghis Khan.</li> <li><i><b>Khariyatu Taiji</b></i> (literally "subject nobles"), descendants of <a href="/wiki/Qasar" title="Qasar">Qasar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgutei" title="Belgutei">Belgutei</a> and Genghis Khan's brothers, or of <a href="/wiki/Wang_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Khan">Tooril Khan</a> and <i>Tumetu-iin <a href="/wiki/Noyan" title="Noyan">Noyan</a></i>s.</li></ul> <p>Other titles used to refer to Mongolian nobles include: </p> <ul><li><i><b>A-ge</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠠᠭᠡ</span> 阿哥), a son of a noble family.</li> <li><i><b>Tabunang</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠᠩ</span> 塔布囊), a son-in-law of a noble family.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-noble_titles">Non-noble titles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Non-noble titles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><b>Soumon Albatu</b></i> (сумын албат), referred to a serf in general</li> <li><i><b>Hamjilga</b></i> (хамжлага), referred to a serf of a noble family</li> <li><i><b>Shabi</b></i> (шавь), referred to a servant of a <i>hotogtu</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.2em; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠬᠲᠤ</span>; a title awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> or <a href="/wiki/Panchen_Lama" title="Panchen Lama">Panchen Lama</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mongolia" title="History of Mongolia">History of Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongol_states" title="List of Mongol states">List of Mongol states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_and_noble_ranks_of_the_Qing_dynasty" title="Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty">Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mongolian_history" title="Timeline of Mongolian history">Timeline of Mongolian history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirza dynasty">Mirza dynasty</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mongolian_nobility&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMay2017" class="citation book cs1">May, Timothy Michael, ed. (2017). <i>The Mongol empire: a historical encyclopedia</i>. Empires of the world. Vol. I. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, an imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC. pp. 46–48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-339-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-339-4"><bdi>978-1-61069-339-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mongol+empire%3A+a+historical+encyclopedia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.series=Empires+of+the+world&rft.pages=46-48&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO%2C+an+imprint+of+ABC-CLIO%2C+LLC&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-61069-339-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMongolian+nobility" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nobility_by_nation" title="Template:Nobility by nation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nobility_by_nation" title="Template talk:Nobility by nation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nobility_by_nation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nobility by nation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nobility_by_nation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">Nobility</a> by nation</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>(*) : state where <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> still exists</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sahib-ul-Ma%27ali" title="Sahib-ul-Ma'ali">Egypt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mamluk_titles_and_appellations" title="List of Mamluk titles and appellations">Mamluks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Eswatini" title="List of monarchs of Eswatini">Eswatini</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_aristocratic_and_court_titles" title="Ethiopian aristocratic and court titles">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Chieftaincy" title="Nigerian Chieftaincy">Nigeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_traditional_rulers" title="Nigerian traditional rulers">Rulers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriana" title="Andriana">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_aristocratic_and_court_titles" title="Somali aristocratic and court titles">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_royal_family" title="Zulu royal family">South Africa (Zulu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharifism" title="Sharifism">Morocco</a>*</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Princely_Hat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Princely_Hat.svg/70px-Princely_Hat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Princely_Hat.svg/105px-Princely_Hat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Princely_Hat.svg/140px-Princely_Hat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_peers_and_baronets" title="Canadian peers and baronets">Canada</a>*</li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pipiltin" title="Pipiltin">pre-Columbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_nobility" title="Mexican nobility">post-Columbian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_nobility" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban nobility">Cuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_nobility" title="Brazilian nobility">Brazil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_nobility" title="Lebanese nobility">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ottoman_families" title="Template:Ottoman families">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nobility" title="Chinese nobility">China</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mongolia</a></li> <li>Japan* <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuge" title="Kuge">Kuge</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyō">Daimyō</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazoku" title="Kazoku">Meiji</a></li></ul></li> <li>Korea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_nobility" title="Korean nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yangban" title="Yangban">Yangban</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princely_state" title="Princely state">Princes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_peers_and_baronets" title="Indian peers and baronets">Indo-European</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Indonesia* <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_Kshatriya" title="Balinese Kshatriya">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabang_Atas" title="Cabang Atas">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priyayi" title="Priyayi">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_styles_and_titles" title="Malay styles and titles">Malay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_styles_and_titles" title="Malay styles and titles">Malaysia</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_styles_and_titles" title="Malay styles and titles">Brunei</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_nobility" title="Khmer nobility">Cambodia</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal%C3%ADa" title="Principalía">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_nobility" title="Thai nobility">Thailand</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_nobility" title="Vietnamese nobility">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_nobility" title="Danish nobility">Denmark</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_nobility" title="Finnish nobility">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_in_Iceland" title="Nobility in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristocracy_of_Norway" title="Aristocracy of Norway">Norway</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_nobility" title="Swedish nobility">Sweden</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_nobility" title="Belgian nobility">Belgium</a>*</li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_nobility" title="French nobility">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_the_First_French_Empire" title="Nobility of the First French Empire">Empire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_nobility" title="Dutch nobility">The Netherlands</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_nobility" title="Swiss nobility">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_nobility" title="British nobility">United Kingdom</a>* <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_England" title="Peerage of England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_Scotland" title="Peerage of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_Great_Britain" title="Peerage of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></li> <li>Ireland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_nobility_of_Ireland" title="Gaelic nobility of Ireland">Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_Ireland" title="Peerage of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normans_in_Ireland" title="Normans in Ireland">Norman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Peerage of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_nobility" title="Papal nobility">Holy See</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobility of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobility of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_nobility" title="Portuguese nobility">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_nobility" title="Spanish nobility">Spain</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central, Eastern<br />and Caucasus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nobility" title="Albanian nobility">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_nobility" title="Armenian nobility">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanates_of_the_Caucasus" title="Khanates of the Caucasus">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_nobility" title="Austrian nobility">Austria</a></li> <li>Baltic countries <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baltic_German_nobility" title="Baltic German nobility">Ritterschaft</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_nobility" title="Lithuanian nobility">Lithuania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_nobility" title="Croatian nobility">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_nobility" title="Czech nobility">Bohemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobility_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Nobility of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_nobility" title="German nobility">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_nobility" title="Montenegrin nobility">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyars_of_Moldavia_and_Wallachia" title="Boyars of Moldavia and Wallachia">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nobility" title="Russian nobility">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nobility" title="Serbian nobility">Serbia</a></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_nobility" title="Ruthenian nobility">Ruthenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_nobility_of_Galicia" title="Ukrainian nobility of Galicia">Galicia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_peers_and_baronets" title="Australian peers and baronets">Australia</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ratu" title="Ratu">Fiji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iroijlaplap" title="Iroijlaplap">Marshall Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ariki" title="Ariki">Polynesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fa%27amatai" class="mw-redirect" title="Fa'amatai">Samoan Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_nobles" title="Tongan nobles">Tonga</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali%CA%BBi" title="Aliʻi">Hawai‘i</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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