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At the end of 2004, the sector survived the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out as it triumphed over the relative emerging economies and" /> <title>(DOC) Bangladesh Ready Made Garment Sector: State of Workers Conditions, Safety Hazards and Roadmap | Shuyab Alam - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/35445700/Bangladesh_Ready_Made_Garment_Sector_State_of_Workers_Conditions_Safety_Hazards_and_Roadmap" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732470811000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732470811000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The readymade garment industry in Bangladesh has been growing almost uninterruptedly since the late 1970s. At the end of 2004, the sector survived the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out as it triumphed over the relative emerging economies and continues to remain internationally competitive till date. The dynamic development of the industry has entailed great diversity in efficiency in comparison with the garment industries of other developing countries. Although there is a significant scale effect in profitability and productivity, no supporting evidence was found for the positive impact on competitiveness of industrial upgrading in terms of usage of expensive machinery, vertical integration, and industrial agglomeration. However, the painfully crippling state of working conditions for the labour, the safety hazards that they are forced to work in, and bleak future prospects ahead of them are just some of the concerns of the Bangladesh RMG sector. Amongst the garment workers 70 per cent are women, they toil from dawn to dusk even up to late night in spite of the wage discriminations and below satisfactory working levels. Affording daily items such as foods, cloths, housing, medicines, and even education of their wards necessitates umpteen of sacrifices. As a result, their children are deprived from their care and suffer from grave malnutrition coupled with unhygienic complexities. They simply have no time or scope for recreation and are even at times employed in making the garments themselves. Market force, represented by low wage of labor, the lackadaisical government attitudes, the negligence of legislative and the executive arms of the state and the dynamism inside the industry are just some of the factors responsible for their exploitation. The roles of the government, industrial associations and technology transfer are also known to affect the workers negatively. The research is aimed at exploration of the major causes that have resulted in the widespread deprivation of the workers in the Bangladesh RMG sector.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Shuyab Alam"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2017-12-16","dateModified":"2017-12-16","datePublished":null,"headline":"Bangladesh Ready Made Garment Sector: State of Workers Conditions, Safety Hazards and Roadmap","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Industrial And Labor Relations","Technology","Labour Studies","Bangladesh","Outsourcing","Working Environment","Exporting and International Trade","Labor Safety","Garment Industry"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":null,"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/35445700/Bangladesh_Ready_Made_Garment_Sector_State_of_Workers_Conditions_Safety_Hazards_and_Roadmap","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"jmi"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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At the end of 2004, the sector survived the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out as it triumphed over the relative emerging economies and continues to remain internationally competitive till date. The dynamic development of the industry has entailed great diversity in efficiency in comparison with the garment industries of other developing countries. Although there is a significant scale effect in profitability and productivity, no supporting evidence was found for the positive impact on competitiveness of industrial upgrading in terms of usage of expensive machinery, vertical integration, and industrial agglomeration. However, the painfully crippling state of working conditions for the labour, the safety hazards that they are forced to work in, and bleak future prospects ahead of them are just some of the concerns of the Bangladesh RMG sector. Amongst the garment workers 70 per cent are women, they toil from dawn to dusk even up to late night in spite of the wage discriminations and below satisfactory working levels. Affording daily items such as foods, cloths, housing, medicines, and even education of their wards necessitates umpteen of sacrifices. As a result, their children are deprived from their care and suffer from grave malnutrition coupled with unhygienic complexities. They simply have no time or scope for recreation and are even at times employed in making the garments themselves. Market force, represented by low wage of labor, the lackadaisical government attitudes, the negligence of legislative and the executive arms of the state and the dynamism inside the industry are just some of the factors responsible for their exploitation. The roles of the government, industrial associations and technology transfer are also known to affect the workers negatively. The research is aimed at exploration of the major causes that have resulted in the widespread deprivation of the workers in the Bangladesh RMG sector. "},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Bangladesh Ready Made Garment Sector: State of Workers Conditions, Safety Hazards and Roadmap","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [5383746]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":55306907,"attachmentType":"docx"}"><img alt="First page of “Bangladesh Ready Made Garment Sector: State of Workers Conditions, Safety Hazards and Roadmap”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/55306907/mini_magick20190114-18793-1ffgq61.png?1547516164" /><img alt="Academia Logo" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A-971495bd31377b9367f5ce5ca92bbc27dd8a843db989cbce3408389c670b62c0.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free DOCX</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Bangladesh Ready Made Garment Sector: State of Workers Conditions, Safety Hazards and Roadmap</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5383746" href="https://jmi.academia.edu/ShuyabAlam"><img alt="Profile image of Shuyab Alam" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/5383746/2363297/18585806/s65_shuyab.alam.jpg" />Shuyab Alam</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The readymade garment industry in Bangladesh has been growing almost uninterruptedly since the late 1970s. At the end of 2004, the sector survived the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out as it triumphed over the relative emerging economies and continues to remain internationally competitive till date. The dynamic development of the industry has entailed great diversity in efficiency in comparison with the garment industries of other developing countries. Although there is a significant scale effect in profitability and productivity, no supporting evidence was found for the positive impact on competitiveness of industrial upgrading in terms of usage of expensive machinery, vertical integration, and industrial agglomeration. However, the painfully crippling state of working conditions for the labour, the safety hazards that they are forced to work in, and bleak future prospects ahead of them are just some of the concerns of the Bangladesh RMG sector. Amongst the garment workers 70 per cent are women, they toil from dawn to dusk even up to late night in spite of the wage discriminations and below satisfactory working levels. Affording daily items such as foods, cloths, housing, medicines, and even education of their wards necessitates umpteen of sacrifices. As a result, their children are deprived from their care and suffer from grave malnutrition coupled with unhygienic complexities. They simply have no time or scope for recreation and are even at times employed in making the garments themselves. Market force, represented by low wage of labor, the lackadaisical government attitudes, the negligence of legislative and the executive arms of the state and the dynamism inside the industry are just some of the factors responsible for their exploitation. The roles of the government, industrial associations and technology transfer are also known to affect the workers negatively. The research is aimed at exploration of the major causes that have resulted in the widespread deprivation of the workers in the Bangladesh RMG sector. </p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":55306907,"attachmentType":"docx","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/35445700/Bangladesh_Ready_Made_Garment_Sector_State_of_Workers_Conditions_Safety_Hazards_and_Roadmap"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":55306907,"attachmentType":"docx","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/35445700/Bangladesh_Ready_Made_Garment_Sector_State_of_Workers_Conditions_Safety_Hazards_and_Roadmap"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="55306907" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/35445700/Bangladesh_Ready_Made_Garment_Sector_State_of_Workers_Conditions_Safety_Hazards_and_Roadmap" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="101888990" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101888990/Present_Status_of_Workers_in_Ready_Made_Garments_Industries_in_Bangladesh">Present Status of Workers in Ready-Made Garments Industries in Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59600802" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KanizFarhana1">Kaniz Farhana</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Ready Made Garment (RMG) industry has been placed the largest export earnings of Bangladesh where more than 5000 garment factories are running, employing over 4 million people of which more than 80% workers are women. RMG industry is considered as the back bone of the country’s economy-The main strength of RMG sector in Bangladesh is poorly paid garment workers. This article depicts the wages level, age group, gender, family life and working hours of workers in RMG industries in Bangladesh. It is notable that the living situation of garments workers may change last couple of years. Nowadays their children also go to school & they can serve their old parents. Already government fixed the minimum wages for their better standard of living. Though it is not sufficient but it is improving.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Present Status of Workers in Ready-Made Garments Industries in Bangladesh","attachmentId":102304472,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101888990/Present_Status_of_Workers_in_Ready_Made_Garments_Industries_in_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101888990/Present_Status_of_Workers_in_Ready_Made_Garments_Industries_in_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="72519969" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72519969/Working_Environment_in_Readymade_Garment_RMG_Bangladesh_Labour_law_Workers_and_Rights">Working Environment in Readymade Garment (RMG) Bangladesh: Labour law, Workers and Rights</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="64027964" href="https://uum.academia.edu/MohammedRahel">Mohammed Rahel</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53803889" href="https://uum.academia.edu/TasnuvaMahbub">Tasnuva Mahbub Chowdhury</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The labour laws of Bangladesh guarantee the privileges of labourers. The target of this investigation is to investigate the labour law rehearses in the instant piece of clothing area of Bangladesh. The review is utilized to gather information; percentile and engaging measurements are utilized to decipher the outcomes. In the majority of the cases business conditions-maternity advantage, working hours, paid leave, and adequate wages are at an acceptable level yet enhancements are at times required concerning worker's guilds, benefit investment and medical problems. The article of clothing area should execute the labour laws for the government assistance of the workers and the circumstance needs observing by the public authority.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Working Environment in Readymade Garment (RMG) Bangladesh: Labour law, Workers and Rights","attachmentId":81415461,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/72519969/Working_Environment_in_Readymade_Garment_RMG_Bangladesh_Labour_law_Workers_and_Rights","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/72519969/Working_Environment_in_Readymade_Garment_RMG_Bangladesh_Labour_law_Workers_and_Rights"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="37357840" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37357840/Socioeconomic_Conditions_of_Readymade_Garment_Workers_in_Bangladesh">Socioeconomic Conditions of Readymade Garment Workers in Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53134967" href="https://iub-bd.academia.edu/DrNazrulIslam">Dr. Nazrul Islam</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bangladesh Apparel Views, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The RMG industry of Bangladesh is the main sector of foreign earnings. There are more than 4,000 garment companies in the country. More than 75 per cent of the foreign earnings come from this sector. More than four million workers are working.in this industry of which 90 per cent is women coming from rural areas of Bangladesh. It is claimed by the employers that the garment companies have helped to develop the socioeconomic status of the women working in this sector. Hence, this study aims at identifying the socioeconomic factors of the garment workers of Bangladesh. ?he study is based on a survey of 242 female workers of 29 garment companies located in different Savar and Ashulia of Dhaka division where most of the RMG companies are located.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Socioeconomic Conditions of Readymade Garment Workers in Bangladesh","attachmentId":57318577,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37357840/Socioeconomic_Conditions_of_Readymade_Garment_Workers_in_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37357840/Socioeconomic_Conditions_of_Readymade_Garment_Workers_in_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="31939472" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31939472/Prospects_and_Problems_of_RMG_Industry_A_study_on_Bangladesh">Prospects and Problems of RMG Industry: A study on Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="61782008" href="https://independent.academia.edu/rashedmdl">rashed mdl</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The development of Garments Industry is considered as the priority area in the development policy in many countries, especially in Bangladesh. The young entrepreneurs are engaged in varied form of small and medium scale garments industry which comprises of products like shorts, trousers, shirts, sweaters, blouses, skirts, tea-shirts, jackets, sports attire and many more casual and fashion items with the changing times. This study is conducted to analyze the prospects, problems and solution of problems of Readymade Garments Industry in Bangladesh. The findings of this paper show that Bangladesh has a great opportunity to earn a great foreign currency through developing readymade garments industry. The study also suggests some measure for the removal of ongoing crisis of garment sectors. Literature review: Several authors have analyzed aspects of the garment industry in Bangladesh. Of the various aspects of the industry, the problems and the working conditions of workers have received the greatest attention. There are several studies including the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) study by Chowdhury S, and Mazumdar P. (1991) and the Bangladesh Unnayan Parisad (1990) study on this topic. Both of these studies use accepted survey and research methodology to analyze a wealth of data on the social and economic background, problems and prospects of female workers in the RMG sector. Ahmad M. looks at the industrial organization of the sector and discusses robustness and long-term viability of apparel manufacturing in Bangladesh. Wiigton (2000) provides a good overview of this industry, especially the developments in the early years. One of the few studies on the Bangladesh apparel industry to be published in a reputed journal in the U.S. is that of Yung Whee Rhee (2003) who presents what he calls a " catalyst model " of development. The Bangladesh Planning Commission under the Trade and Industrial Policy (TIP) project also commissioned several studies on the industry. Hossain and Brar (2004) consider some labor-related issues in the garment industry. Quddus (2006) presents a profile of the apparel sector in Bangladesh and discusses some other aspects of the industry. Islam and Quddus (2006) present an overall analysis of the industry to evaluate its potential as a catalyst for the development of the rest of the Bangladesh economy. Paul-majumder (2007) found that demand for weekly holiday is a major reason for worker's unrest during 2006. It is observed that the workers are engaged in work for all most all days. Abdin M. J. (2008) in his journal " Overall Problems and Prospects of Bangladeshi Ready-Made Garments Industries " focused on labor unrest is RMG sector and provide some solution regarding this problem. Sultana S. and et al (2011) presents results from a survey of " Likely Impacts of Quota Policy on RMG Export from Bangladesh: Prediction and the Reality " which indicates that despite the concern and fear of negative impact on in the aftermath of quota removal of RMG sector in Bangladesh appears with positive trends along with the substantial increasing rate of export amount, the number of jobs and industries and GDP's growth. In 2010, the sector keeps around 20 percent GDP growth of the country. In another study, Ferdous R. (2012) found that the reason behind the labor unrest is the absence of legal and institutional arrangements to ensure labor rights in the RMG sector. Many of the garments factories in Bangladesh are alleged not to comply with the Labor Law and ILO conventions. The main reason for labor unrest is inadequate wages of the workers. Islam M. S, and Ahmad (2010) identified that conveyance, lunch bill and enhancement of casual leave, increase of monthly minimum wages from tk. 1662 to tk. 5000; low house rent and better supply of water and gas are the reasons for the labor unrest in the ready-made garment industry of Bangladesh. In another study, Mirdha R. U. (2012) found that the rumor, fear of job loss, jhoot business, case with police stations, fear of shutdown of factories, arrears, checking at entry point and identity cards, pay hike and discrimination in grades, bad relation</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Prospects and Problems of RMG Industry: A study on Bangladesh","attachmentId":52217607,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31939472/Prospects_and_Problems_of_RMG_Industry_A_study_on_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31939472/Prospects_and_Problems_of_RMG_Industry_A_study_on_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="31746591" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31746591/BANGLADESH_LOOKING_BEYOND_GARMENTS_EMPLOYMENT_DIAGNOSTIC_STUDY">BANGLADESH LOOKING BEYOND GARMENTS EMPLOYMENT DIAGNOSTIC STUDY</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="61118166" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SauravDey4">Saurav Dey</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"BANGLADESH LOOKING BEYOND GARMENTS EMPLOYMENT DIAGNOSTIC STUDY","attachmentId":52054183,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31746591/BANGLADESH_LOOKING_BEYOND_GARMENTS_EMPLOYMENT_DIAGNOSTIC_STUDY","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31746591/BANGLADESH_LOOKING_BEYOND_GARMENTS_EMPLOYMENT_DIAGNOSTIC_STUDY"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="49105844" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49105844/Socioeconomic_Deprivation_and_Garment_Worker_Movement_in_Bangladesh_A_Sociological_Analysis">Socioeconomic Deprivation and Garment Worker Movement in Bangladesh: A Sociological Analysis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="63591831" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DilaraZahid">Dilara Zahid</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Sociological Research, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Socioeconomic Deprivation and Garment Worker Movement in Bangladesh: A Sociological Analysis","attachmentId":67500729,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49105844/Socioeconomic_Deprivation_and_Garment_Worker_Movement_in_Bangladesh_A_Sociological_Analysis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49105844/Socioeconomic_Deprivation_and_Garment_Worker_Movement_in_Bangladesh_A_Sociological_Analysis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="89751802" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89751802/The_Future_of_the_Ready_Made_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh">The Future of the Ready-Made Garment Industry of Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="97091167" href="https://independent.academia.edu/zahurulAlam3">zahurul Alam</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The ready-made garment industry (popularly known as RMG), counts for almost 81% of the total exports of Bangladesh. This sector was the first to provide largescale employment opportunities to women in a country where they traditionally have not worked outside the home. However, the challenges are many, varied and possibly insurmountable, raising the question of the sustainability of its present growth and its future growth as well. The purposes of this paper have, therefore, been to identify the present problems, the strategies to overcome these problems and finding the answers to the question(s) raised in the study. This study followed a qualitative research approach. Data were collected from secondary sources like project contracts and records, media reports and publications, documents and articles from relevant agencies. The findings indicated that to the extent that the cultivation of a spirit of openness, transparency and democratic governance were installed and political strif...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Future of the Ready-Made Garment Industry of Bangladesh","attachmentId":93506694,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89751802/The_Future_of_the_Ready_Made_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89751802/The_Future_of_the_Ready_Made_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="28366585" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28366585/Labor_Unrest_in_the_Ready_Made_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh">Labor Unrest in the Ready-Made Garment Industry of Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53134967" href="https://iub-bd.academia.edu/DrNazrulIslam">Dr. Nazrul Islam</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Business and Management, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">For the last two decades, Ready-Made Garment (RMG) Industry has been the life-blood of the economy of Bangladesh. This sector accounted for about 80% of the total export earnings of the country. In the recent years, it has been observed that the workers have came down in the street and making insurgence on their demand and tried to destruct public properties. As a result, companies are losing working-hours and production targets. It also hampers export earnings and the image of the country to the international markets. In this connection, this study tried to find out the factors behind the unrest in the ready-made garment industry of Bangladesh and identifies some measures to improve the situation. In this study, 244 workers were interviewed from the different garment factories located in Savar and Gazipur district of Bangladesh. Data were analyzed with factor analysis, regression model, and by using other suitable statistical tools. The results show that the main causes of labor unrest include lack of minimum facility and safety at work, substandard living conditions, deferred payment of wages and benefits, international conspiracy and coercive role of the law enforcing agency, too much dependency on buyers, pressures from the workers and local terrorists, use of workers by others and rumors, un-fulfillment of education demands of their children, distorted minded workers, political instability of the country, too much workload, lack of promotion opportunity, insufficient wages to survive etc. If the policy makers of Bangladesh consider these causes and make policies to overcome the problems the labor unrest in garment sector may be minimized.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Labor Unrest in the Ready-Made Garment Industry of Bangladesh","attachmentId":48700906,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28366585/Labor_Unrest_in_the_Ready_Made_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28366585/Labor_Unrest_in_the_Ready_Made_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="108767820" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108767820/SOCIO_ECONOMIC_IMPACTS_OF_APPAREL_INDUSTRIES_IN_BANGLADESH">SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF APPAREL INDUSTRIES IN BANGLADESH</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33538915" href="https://smuct.academia.edu/RobinReashad">Reashad Bin Kabir</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Asian Journal of Science & Technology, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Textile and Clothing Sector in Bangladesh is by far the main and most important industry with 85.9% of all exports. Very low wages and trade deals with Western countries have helped make Bangladesh the world's second-largest garment exporter after China, with 60% of its clothes going to Europe and 23% to the US. The Ready Made Garment and Apparel Industries has a more excellent potential than whatever available part as far as other employments and foreign trade profit to diminish state of extreme poverty and make a commitment to the social and the national economy. Minimum Wage Context Living Wage Bangladesh 5,300 taka a month (68 USD; 54 EUR).It is estimated that workers have to spend 25,687 taka is the living Wage calculated by this is below the average in Asia. However working conditions in this imperative division are poor, which impacts directly on the Social and Economic condition of the country. One of the biggest challenges currently faced by our Bangladesh's RMG factories to ensure Workplace safety and better Working Condition for the millions of garments workers.. That is, they don't conform to labor rehearses that guarantee the social welfare of their workers. This article surveys the literature review on working conditions in Bangladesh's Ready Made Garment and Worker personal interview which located in center of Dhaka. In order to find out an in-depth study of the respondent worker through interview process and data collection method was implemented in addition to this, quantitative result was examined intended for attaining superior outcome.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF APPAREL INDUSTRIES IN BANGLADESH","attachmentId":107069072,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108767820/SOCIO_ECONOMIC_IMPACTS_OF_APPAREL_INDUSTRIES_IN_BANGLADESH","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/108767820/SOCIO_ECONOMIC_IMPACTS_OF_APPAREL_INDUSTRIES_IN_BANGLADESH"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="28472607" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28472607/Socio_Economic_Factors_of_Readymade_Garments_Workers_in_Bangladesh">Socio-Economic Factors of Readymade Garments Workers in Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="53134967" href="https://iub-bd.academia.edu/DrNazrulIslam">Dr. Nazrul Islam</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">D.U. Journal of Marketing, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Readymade garment industry is the prime sector of foreign earnings of Bangladesh. There are more than 4,500 garment companies are operating in Bangladesh. More than 80% of the foreign earnings are coming from this sector. At present, four million workers are working in this sector in which 90% are rural women. It is claimed by the employers that the garment companies have helped to develop the socioeconomic status of the rural women employed in this sector. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the socioeconomic status factors of the garment workers of Bangladesh. This study suggests that housing, water and sanitation conditions, medical facilities and first aid treatment, wages, social status, adaptation of cultural values and norms, attachment with labor unions, ownership arrangement, leave with pay and overtime are significantly related to the socioeconomic status of the garments workers of Bangladesh. This study recommends that the measures for improving the socioeconomic status of the women workers are related to the improvement of their housing conditions, education, health and sanitation, and the favorable service rules for the women workers.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Socio-Economic Factors of Readymade Garments Workers in Bangladesh","attachmentId":48822061,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28472607/Socio_Economic_Factors_of_Readymade_Garments_Workers_in_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28472607/Socio_Economic_Factors_of_Readymade_Garments_Workers_in_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":55306907,"attachmentType":"docx","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":55306907,"attachmentType":"docx","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_55306907" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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