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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人口和分布地区" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人口和分布地区"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>人口和分布地区</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-人口和分布地区-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教、生活方式和文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教、生活方式和文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>宗教、生活方式和文化</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-宗教、生活方式和文化-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关宗教、生活方式和文化子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-宗教、生活方式和文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-宗教侍奉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教侍奉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>宗教侍奉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教侍奉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-骄傲和谦卑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#骄傲和谦卑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>骄傲和谦卑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-骄傲和谦卑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-与世隔绝" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与世隔绝"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>与世隔绝</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-与世隔绝-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-洗礼和闪避" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#洗礼和闪避"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>洗礼和闪避</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-洗礼和闪避-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-现代科技" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#现代科技"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>现代科技</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-现代科技-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.1</span> <span>各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>语言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-服装" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#服装"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>服装</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-服装-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-教育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>教育</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-慶祝活動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#慶祝活動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>慶祝活動</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-慶祝活動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-与外部世界的关系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#与外部世界的关系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>与外部世界的关系</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-与外部世界的关系-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关与外部世界的关系子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-与外部世界的关系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-易于混淆的其他族群" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#易于混淆的其他族群"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>易于混淆的其他族群</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-易于混淆的其他族群-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-性侵犯的争议" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#性侵犯的争议"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>性侵犯的争议</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-性侵犯的争议-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電影" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電影"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>電影</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電影-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電視劇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電視劇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>電視劇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電視劇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閲讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閲讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>延伸閲讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閲讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參閲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參閲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>參閲</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參閲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">阿米什人</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。71种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiese_Doopsgesindes" title="Amiese Doopsgesindes – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Amiese Doopsgesindes" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amische" title="Amische – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Amische" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="أميش – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أميش" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="اميش – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اميش" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%9F" title="Amiş – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Amiş" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Амішы – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амішы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Амішы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Амішы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Амиши – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Амиши" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amished" title="Amished – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Amished" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1ov%C3%A9" title="Amišové – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Amišové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amische" title="Amische – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amische" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%9F" title="Amiş – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Amiş" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%82" title="Άμις – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άμις" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%9Dismo" title="Amiŝismo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amiŝismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1id" title="Amišid – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Amišid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="آمیش – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمیش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amissit" title="Amissit – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amissit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amisiq" title="Amisiq – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Amisiq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanaigh" title="Amanaigh – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Amanaigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9" title="אמיש – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמיש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1i" title="Amiši – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amiši" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amishok" title="Amishok – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Amishok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5" title="アーミッシュ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーミッシュ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ამიშები – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამიშები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅಮಿಶ್ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಮಿಶ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A7%8C%ED%8C%8C" title="아만파 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아만파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amesch" title="Amesch – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Amesch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabatisme_amix" title="Anabatisme amix – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Anabatisme amix" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1ai" title="Amišai – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amišai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1i" title="Amiši – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amiši" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amisy" title="Amisy – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Amisy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Амиши – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Амиши" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D" title="ആമിഷ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആമിഷ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Амишвлӓ – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Амишвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amisch" title="Amisch – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Amisch" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amisch" title="Amisch – 賓夕法尼亞德文" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Amisch" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="賓夕法尼亞德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amisze" title="Amisze – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amisze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B4" title="ایمش – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایمش" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Амиши – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Амиши" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1i" title="Amiši – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Amiši" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1i" title="Amiši – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Amiši" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%A1i" title="Amiši – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amiši" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Амиши – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Амиши" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆமிஷ் மக்கள் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆமிஷ் மக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A" title="อามิช – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อามิช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ami%C5%9F" title="Amiş – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amiş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D1%96" title="Аміші – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аміші" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B4" title="ایمش – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایمش" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" title="Amish – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amish" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="阿米什人 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿米什人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9" title="אמיש – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אמיש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amisch" title="Amisch – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Amisch" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q104444#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="Talk:阿米什人">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Copy_edit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/48px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/72px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/96px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">編修</a>，以確保文法、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%81%BF%E5%85%8D%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%97%E8%A9%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:避免使用的字詞">用詞、语气</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="Wikipedia:格式手册">格式</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E6%A0%87%E7%82%B9%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/标点符号">標點</a>等使用恰当。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請按照<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">校對指引</a>，幫助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit">编辑</a>這個條目。（<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:编辑">幫助</a>、<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="Talk:阿米什人">討論</a>）</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Rough_translation plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-rough_translation" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="翻譯標記"><img alt="翻譯標記" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="Wikipedia:翻譯指引">翻譯</a>品質不佳，原文在<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish" class="extiw" title="en:Amish">en:Amish</a>。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>翻譯者可能不熟悉中文或原文語言，也可能使用了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91" title="机器翻译">機器翻譯</a>。請<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit">協助翻譯</a>本條目或重新編寫，并注意避免<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TNESE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TNESE">翻译腔</a>的问题。<b>明顯拙劣</b>的翻譯請改掛<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:D" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:D">d</a>|<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CSD#G13" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CSD">G13</a>}}</code>提交刪除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2009年3月4日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%22">"阿米什人"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-a044837f" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-title" data-noteta-code="zh-hans:阿米什人; zh-hant:阿米希人; zh-tw:艾美許人"></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:阿米什; zh-hant:阿米希; zh-tw:艾美許"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:larger; background:#8a7862; color:#ede4d9;">亞米胥派<br />Amish</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg/200px-Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg/300px-Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg/400px-Lancaster_County_Amish_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">总人口</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">281,675人 <br />(2013, 舊條令阿米什人)<sup id="cite_ref-Elizabethtown_College,_the_Young_Center_for_Anabaptist_and_Pietist_Studies_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elizabethtown_College,_the_Young_Center_for_Anabaptist_and_Pietist_Studies-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">创始人</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="雅各·阿曼">雅各·阿曼</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">主要分布地区</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">美國（主要在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BA%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%B7%9E" title="俄亥俄州">俄亥俄州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="宾夕法尼亚州">宾夕法尼亚州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%B7%9E" title="印第安纳州">印第安纳州</a>及紐約）<br /> 加拿大（主要在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E7%9C%81" title="安大略省">安大略省</a>）</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">宗派</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%B4%97%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="重洗派">重洗派</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">宗教经典</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93" title="聖經">聖經</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">语言</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="賓夕法尼亞德語">賓夕法尼亞德語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="瑞士德语">瑞士德语</a>、英語</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d2ccb9;">相关民族</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">阿米什人</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg/270px-Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg/405px-Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg/540px-Shipshewana-indiana-amish-buggy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1667" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="印第安那州">印第安那州</a>Shipshewana鎮的阿米希人四輪<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%BB%8A" title="馬車">馬車</a>。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>阿米希人</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Amish</span>；<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="宾夕法尼亚德语">宾夕法尼亚德语</a>：Amisch；德語：<span lang="de">Amische</span>），又译<b>亞米胥派</b>，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督新教">基督新教</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%B4%97%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="重洗派">重洗派</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%80%E8%AB%BE%E6%9C%83" title="門諾會">門諾會</a>中的一個信徒分支，阿米希人拒絕<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="汽車">汽車</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="電力">電力</a>等現代設施，而且過著<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E5%96%AE%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB" title="簡單生活">簡樸的生活</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%B1%B3%E8%83%A5%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="亞米胥派">亞米胥派</a>起自於1693年，由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="雅各·阿曼">雅各·阿曼</a>所領導的瑞士與<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E8%96%A9%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爾薩斯">阿爾薩斯</a>之<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%B4%97%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="重洗派">重洗派</a>的分裂運動；追隨阿曼的教徒便被稱為<b>阿米希人</b>（<b>Amish</b>）。 </p><p>在18世紀初期，許多阿米希人與<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%80%E8%AB%BE%E6%9C%83" title="門諾會">門諾會</a>信徒因為諸多原因移居<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="賓夕法尼亞州">賓夕法尼亞州</a>。時至今日，大多數阿米希人傳統後裔仍然說<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="賓夕法尼亞德語">賓夕法尼亞德語</a>（或稱賓夕法尼亞荷蘭語）。不過在某些保守派阿米希人社區，尤其是在印第安納州，主要使用一種<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="瑞士德语">瑞士德語</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="方言">方言</a>。在2000年時，美國境內有超過165,000保守派阿米希人，在加拿大境內則有約1,500人。2008年的調查顯示阿米希人的人口數增加到了 227,000人，在2010年有研究顯示在過去兩年阿米希人的人口增加了10%而達 249,000，且朝西部移動的情形增加中。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amish_cemetery.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Amish_cemetery.gif/300px-Amish_cemetery.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Amish_cemetery.gif/450px-Amish_cemetery.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Amish_cemetery.gif 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption>阿米什人的墳地</figcaption></figure><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jakob_Ammann.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jakob_Ammann.tif/lossy-page1-300px-Jakob_Ammann.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jakob_Ammann.tif/lossy-page1-450px-Jakob_Ammann.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jakob_Ammann.tif/lossy-page1-600px-Jakob_Ammann.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2585" data-file-height="2087" /></a><figcaption> 雅各·阿曼</figcaption></figure> <p>与门诺派类似，阿米什人是16世纪早期<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E8%BF%9B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="激进宗教改革">激进宗教改革</a>形成的瑞士重洗派后裔。阿米什运动得名于瑞士门诺派领袖<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="雅各·阿曼">雅各·阿曼</a>。阿曼认为门诺派已经渐渐偏离了西蒙斯的教导，特别是闪避（shunning）被驱逐会员的做法。瑞士门诺会从未像低地重洗派一般严谨地实施闪避。阿曼则坚持严格实施闪避，甚至到了这个地步：拒绝同配偶吃住，直到对方悔改自己的行为。 </p><p>由于在瑞士不受欢迎，门诺派散居于<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E8%96%A9%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爾薩斯">阿爾薩斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%94%E8%8C%A8" title="普法尔茨">普法尔茨</a>地区，严格拘泥于字句造成了他们的分裂。1693年，阿米什派正式分立。这一段渊源，令有些人把阿米什人视为保守的门诺派。18世纪始，一些阿米什人移居美国。许多人最后定居在宾夕法尼亚州，其他的扩展到<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%BA%E4%BC%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="伊利诺伊州">伊利诺伊州</a>、印第安纳州、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E8%8D%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="爱荷华州">爱荷华州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="肯塔基州">肯塔基州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E6%AD%87%E6%A0%B9%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="密歇根州">密歇根州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E8%98%87%E9%81%94%E5%B7%9E" title="明尼蘇達州">明尼蘇達州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94%E5%B7%9E" title="密西西比州">密西西比州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E8%98%87%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E" title="密蘇里州">密蘇里州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="內布拉斯加州">內布拉斯加州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%B7%9E" title="纽约州">纽约州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BA%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%B7%9E" title="俄亥俄州">俄亥俄州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E" title="马里兰州">马里兰州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E7%BA%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%B7%9E" title="田纳西州">田纳西州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%B7%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%9E" title="威斯康辛州">威斯康辛州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%85%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="缅因州">缅因州</a>和加拿大。 </p><p>绝大多数阿米什人社区最终未能保持阿米什人特征。1860年起的几次大分裂造成了这样的结局。当时，在俄亥俄州举行的牧师联会关注了如何面对来自现代社会压力的问题。会议本身就存有进步主义思想，牧师们必须聚集在一起，讨论阿米什教会所遇到的前所未有的问题。但是保守的牧师抵制了牧师联会。于是，在之后的几十年，进步主义的阿米什教会就逐渐被吸纳到“旧式”的门诺派中。小部分残余演变成今天的阿米什人。当电力和汽车等阿米什人拒绝接纳的技术在社会中广为使用后，围绕阿米什社区的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="旅游业">旅游业</a>开始兴盛。 </p><p>有一部由澳大利亚导演拍摄的故事片《证人》用很大的篇幅描述了阿米什人的生活。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人口和分布地区"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E5.8F.A3.E5.92.8C.E5.88.86.E5.B8.83.E5.9C.B0.E5.8C.BA"></span>人口和分布地区</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：人口和分布地区"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿米什人現在人口約200,000人<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，平均每个家庭的儿童数为7人，人口增长迅速，并且不断开拓新的定居点和耕地，旧信条社区分布于21个州，主要分布在美國<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BA%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%B7%9E" title="俄亥俄州">俄亥俄州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="宾夕法尼亚州">賓州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="印第安那州">印第安那州</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>境內。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>主要居住地的人口数目如下： </p> <table border="0" cellpadding="3px" style="border: 1px solid #999; background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <tbody><tr align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc"> <th>地区 </th> <th>人口 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BA%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%B7%9E" title="俄亥俄州">俄亥俄州</a> </td> <td>55,000 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0); color: inherit;"> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="宾夕法尼亚州">宾夕法尼亚州</a> </td> <td>47,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%B7%9E" title="印第安纳州">印第安纳州</a> </td> <td>37,000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>旧信条阿米什人不传教，所以也很少有外人变成阿米什人。其他阿米什社区的确有宣教活动。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="宗教、生活方式和文化"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99.E3.80.81.E7.94.9F.E6.B4.BB.E6.96.B9.E5.BC.8F.E5.92.8C.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>宗教、生活方式和文化</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：宗教、生活方式和文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿米什人的生活方式被社区的Ordnung（德语：条令）所规范。各个阿米什社区，甚至同一社区内的不同街区的条令都不尽相同。 </p><p>阿米什人的生活方式和文化很难概括，因为没有一个概论能涵盖所有的阿米什社区。阿米什团体可能因为帽沿的宽度，是否允许吸烟，马车的颜色等问题而分裂。總的而言，他們重視宗教的自由、和平、家族、團契、弟兄姐妹、跟世上分裂、不可暴力，不去當兵，不參與政府的事。按照“有人打你的右臉，連左臉也轉過來由他打。”<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>的經文，過無抵抗的生活。在這社會裡，團體精神比個人主义、協力比競爭、靈性比擁有的物質更有價值。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宗教侍奉"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99.E4.BE.8D.E5.A5.89"></span>宗教侍奉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：宗教侍奉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿米什人普遍堅信上帝。旧信条阿米什人每两周的一个星期日會在私人住宅聚会禮拜。他們沒有豪華的教堂，平常的聚會就是在自家的農舍，一間稱之為社屋的地方舉行。平均每个教区有168名信徒，因此通常要坐在好几个房间裡，男女分坐兩邊。崇拜由一个传道人或主教的简短布道开始，接着是读经（用一種獨特的日耳曼語讀著古老的聖經）和默祷，然后是一个较长的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%81%93" title="布道">布道</a>。崇拜过程中有<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E7%BE%8E%E8%AF%97" class="mw-redirect" title="赞美诗">赞美诗</a>，没有伴奏及和声，低声吟唱，通常一首诗歌要持续15分钟之久。崇拜后有午餐及社交活动。崇拜仪式和诗歌均使用德语。根据《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="圣经">圣经</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%BF%E5%BE%92%E8%A1%8C%E4%BC%A0" title="使徒行传">使徒行传</a>》第一章23至26节，传道人和执事从会众推举的名单中抽签选出。他们终身侍奉，并且不接受正规训练。阿米什人的主教从传道人中选出。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="骄傲和谦卑"><span id=".E9.AA.84.E5.82.B2.E5.92.8C.E8.B0.A6.E5.8D.91"></span>骄傲和谦卑</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：骄傲和谦卑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>两个重要的概念有助于理解阿米什人的日常行为：对“骄傲”的恐惧和对“谦卑”的推崇。谦卑通常表达为“顺服”和“交托”，也许更确切的理解是不情愿表达自我主张。愿意顺服于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝">上帝</a>的旨意，并且表达为团体规范，在美国以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="个人主义">个人主义</a>为中心的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化">文化</a>中是一个异数。反个人主义倾向是下列行为的出发点：拒绝使用节省劳力的技术，以免不依赖邻居的帮助；不使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="电力">电力</a>，以免造成购买显示身分地位的商品而竞争；不照相，以免造成个人或家庭的虚荣心。近似的做法还包括拒绝<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="初中">初中</a>以上的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="教育">教育</a>，特别是理论学习，对日常的农场生活毫无帮助，只会引发个人或物质方面的野心。在美国的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="高中">高中</a>教育里，培养竞争和自立意识是件好事，而这与阿米什人的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC%E8%A7%82" class="mw-redirect" title="价值观">价值观</a>截然相反。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="与世隔绝"><span id=".E4.B8.8E.E4.B8.96.E9.9A.94.E7.BB.9D"></span>与世隔绝</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：与世隔绝"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿米什人通常引用三段《圣经》经文来浓缩他们的文化态度： </p> <dl><dd>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%8C%E6%9B%B8" title="哥林多後書">哥林多后书</a>》第6章第14节：“你们和不信的原不相配，不要同负一轭。义和不义有什么相交呢？光明和黑暗有什么相通呢？”</dd></dl> <dl><dd>《哥林多后书》第6章第17节：“又说，你们务要从他们中间出来，与他们分别，不要沾不洁净的物，我就收纳你们。”</dd></dl> <dl><dd>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马书">罗马书</a>》第12章第2节：“不要效法这个世界。只要心意更新而变化，叫你们察验何为神的善良，纯全可喜悦的旨意。”</dd></dl> <p>阿米什人与非阿米什人保持最低限度的接触。然而，随着土地价格上涨，低技术农场产出降低，许多阿米什人被迫离开农场，在工厂和建筑工地做工，或在旅游景点做<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%89%BA" title="手工艺">手工艺</a>品牟利。阿米什人对这类接触的后果和自身文化的商业化感觉非常矛盾。装饰艺术在阿米什人的真实生活里非常次要，虽然价格昂贵的阿米什床单是宝贵的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7" title="文化遗产">文化遗产</a>，阿米什人用怀疑的眼光看待这些东西，认为这是容易培养自我和虚荣的领域。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="洗礼和闪避"><span id=".E6.B4.97.E7.A4.BC.E5.92.8C.E9.97.AA.E9.81.BF"></span>洗礼和闪避</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：洗礼和闪避"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿米什人和其他再洗礼派认为给儿童<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%97%E7%A4%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="洗礼">洗礼</a>没有意义；这正是这个教派名字的来由。阿米什儿童在所有问题上都必须遵从父母的意愿；但是，年龄满了的时候，他们被期望作出成人的承诺来终身侍奉教会。 </p><p>当然，会有许多年轻人作出相反的选择。有一个阶段称为“徘徊”，被外界广泛误解。这通常是指青春期到正式成人承诺终身委身于阿米什生活方式之间的阶段。对于非阿米什人家庭，年轻人在这个阶段有些越轨行为是可理解的，但是这并非阿米什人所期望。有人选择不加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A" title="教会">教会</a>，因而脱离社区。有些社区会主动闪避脱离教会的人，甚至闪避去不同阿米什社区的人。也有社区几乎不闪避，与脱离教会的人保持密切的家庭和社交联系。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="现代科技"><span id=".E7.8E.B0.E4.BB.A3.E7.A7.91.E6.8A.80"></span>现代科技</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：现代科技"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可能包含<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%9D%9E%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%9B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="Wikipedia:非原创研究">原创研究</a>。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充参考资料、添加<a href="/wiki/Template:Original_research_inline" title="Template:Original research inline">相关内联标签</a>和删除原创研究内容以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>。详细情况请参见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA" title="Talk:阿米什人">讨论页</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amish_-old_and_new.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Amish_-old_and_new.jpg/270px-Amish_-old_and_new.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Amish_-old_and_new.jpg/405px-Amish_-old_and_new.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Amish_-old_and_new.jpg/540px-Amish_-old_and_new.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="1947" /></a><figcaption>阿米什與現代，兩種交通工具的對比。攝於<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="賓夕法尼亞州">賓夕法尼亞州</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E9%96%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%B8%A3_(%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E)" title="蘭開斯特縣 (賓夕法尼亞州)">蘭開斯特縣</a></figcaption></figure> <p>阿米什人的生活很簡樸，多数阿米什人（特别是旧教条派）以不使用电力和汽车而著称。他们也沒有腳踏車，只准有煤氣馬達。他們如此行事的理由却往往被误解。阿米什人并不视技术为邪恶。他們不接受現代文明是因為他們認為這些新事物會影響家族的團聚或者使生活變得複雜。接不接受新事物由每個教區（<span lang="en">church district</span>）自行決定。人们可以请求社区接纳技术。在一些社区，教会领袖定期召开会议审理这类请求。在某些社区可以随时召开这样的会议。因为阿米什人及其他门诺派教会，不像<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="圣公会">圣公会</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教会">天主教会</a>有自上而下的治理系统，每个社区对哪些技术可接纳有不同看法。 </p><p>例如，电力被视为与“世俗世界”的联系。使用电力会导致使用家用电器，令阿米什人简朴的生活方式复杂化，引发为了物质生活的个人竞争，进而摧毁整个社区。然而，在某些阿米什社区，电力可以使用在特定场合。例如，没有电力就无法从事劳作，那么12伏特的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B1%A0" title="电池">电池</a>就是可接受的。发电机仅允许用于金属<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%8A%E6%8E%A5" title="焊接">焊接</a>、电池充电、驱动牛奶搅拌机等。许可12伏特电力系统的理由是预防滥用电气设备。大多数12伏特电源不足以驱动“世俗的”现代电器，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%9C%BA" title="电视机">电视机</a>、电灯泡或电风扇等。在某些情形下，室外电器可能是允许的，例如剪草机等。阿米什人抽取地下900米深处的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="天然气">天然气</a>，用作天然气灯和特制<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E7%AE%B1" title="冰箱">冰箱</a>的能源。同时阿米什人还抽取地下水供社区使用。 </p><p>阿米什社区用妥协的方法接纳技术，在外人看来非常古怪。例如有的社区，如果有人推或马拉，那么汽油动力的剪草机就是不被许可的。理由是，坚持手工耕作，就不会受诱惑去购买更多土地，使自己超过同一社区的其他人家。许多阿米什社区也接纳化学<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%80%E8%99%AB%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="杀虫剂">杀虫剂</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E6%94%B9%E8%89%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="基因改良">基因改良</a>农作物。总而言之，阿米什人试图避免的不是技术，而是技术对社区的负面影响。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度"><span id=".E5.90.84.E9.98.BF.E7.B1.B3.E4.BB.80.E7.A4.BE.E5.8D.80.E5.B0.8D.E7.8F.BE.E4.BB.A3.E7.A7.91.E6.8A.80.E7.9A.84.E5.85.81.E8.A8.B1.E7.A8.8B.E5.BA.A6"></span>各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：各阿米什社區對現代科技的允許程度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>下方列表列出在不同的阿米什社區對主流現代科技的使用許可與否。原則上汽車不允許在舊的或新的阿米什社區中使用，也不允許收音機、電視，或者在大多數的場合也禁止使用網際網路。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>社區</th> <th>農用拖拉機</th> <th>耕耘機</th> <th>動力割草機</th> <th>丙烷</th> <th>牛乳運輸罐</th> <th>機械式榨乳機</th> <th>機械式冰箱</th> <th>麥稈打包機</th> <th>室內沖水馬桶</th> <th>流水式浴缸</th> <th>使用拖拉機驅動皮帶</th> <th>氣動工具</th> <th>鏈鋸</th> <th>油燈</th> <th>驅動式洗衣機 </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Swartzentruber" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Swartzentruber Amish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swartzentruber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swartzentruber（页面不存在）">Swartzentruber</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swartzentruber_Amish" class="extiw" title="en:Swartzentruber Amish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Swartzentruber Amish</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="內布拉斯加艾美許人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nebraska Amish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0%E8%89%BE%E7%BE%8E%E8%A8%B1%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="內布拉斯加艾美許人（页面不存在）">內布拉斯加</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebraska_Amish" class="extiw" title="en:Nebraska Amish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nebraska Amish</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Swiss (Adams)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Swiss Amish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swiss_(Adams)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swiss (Adams)（页面不存在）">Swiss (Adams)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Amish" class="extiw" title="en:Swiss Amish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Swiss Amish</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Buchanan" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buchanan Amish affiliation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buchanan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buchanan（页面不存在）">Buchanan</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buchanan_Amish_affiliation" class="extiw" title="en:Buchanan Amish affiliation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buchanan Amish affiliation</span></a></span>）</span></span>/Medford</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Danner" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Andy Weaver Amish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danner（页面不存在）">Danner</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Weaver_Amish" class="extiw" title="en:Andy Weaver Amish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Andy Weaver Amish</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%A5%A7%E6%A0%BC%E7%B8%A3_(%E4%BF%84%E4%BA%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%B7%9E)" title="吉奧格縣 (俄亥俄州)">吉奧格縣</a></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Holmes Old Order" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holmes_Old_Order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holmes Old Order（页面不存在）">Holmes Old Order</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmes_Old_Order_Amish_affiliation" class="extiw" title="en:Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Holmes Old Order Amish affiliation</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否*</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Elkhart-LaGrange" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Elkhart-LaGrange Amish affiliation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elkhart-LaGrange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elkhart-LaGrange（页面不存在）">Elkhart-LaGrange</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elkhart-LaGrange_Amish_affiliation" class="extiw" title="en:Elkhart-LaGrange Amish affiliation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Elkhart-LaGrange Amish affiliation</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Lancaster" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lancaster Amish affiliation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lancaster（页面不存在）">Lancaster</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancaster_Amish_affiliation" class="extiw" title="en:Lancaster Amish affiliation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lancaster Amish affiliation</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td style="background: #FFD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial skin-invert">某些</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AE%89%E7%B4%8D%E5%B7%9E)" class="mw-redirect" title="納帕尼 (印地安納州)">納帕尼</a></td> <td class="table-no skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#FF9090">否</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%E7%B4%8D_(%E6%84%9B%E8%8D%B7%E8%8F%AF%E5%B7%9E)" title="卡洛納 (愛荷華州)">卡洛納</a></td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是</td> <td class="table-yes skin-invert" style="text-align:center; background:#90FF90">是 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>* 允許天然氣 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="语言"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80"></span>语言</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：语言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>除了<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>，多数阿米什人说一种独特的高地口音德语，称为“<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="宾夕法尼亚德语">宾夕法尼亚德语</a>”。不仅仅是阿米什人，许多居住在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="宾夕法尼亚">宾夕法尼亚</a>的德裔移民也说这种语言。“瑞士阿米什人”说<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD" title="阿勒曼尼语">阿勒曼尼语</a>，他们称作“瑞士语”。河滨阿米什人，特别是1960年代后出生的，趋向于在家主要说英语。阿米什儿童先学<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德语">德语</a>，然后才学英语。各个社区的口音不同。他们的德语与其他再洗礼派社区的口音也有差异。 </p><p>他們在生活和禮拜當中會使用宾夕法尼亚德语，在學校學英語。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="服装"><span id=".E6.9C.8D.E8.A3.85"></span>服装</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：服装"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg/300px-Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg/450px-Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg/600px-Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg/270px-Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg/405px-Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg/540px-Lancaster_County_Amish_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E9%96%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%B8%A3_(%E8%B3%93%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E)" title="蘭開斯特縣 (賓夕法尼亞州)">蘭開斯特縣</a>阿米什人背影</figcaption></figure> <p>阿米什社會多數男性都頭戴<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%AC%E9%82%8A%E8%8D%89%E5%B8%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寬邊草帽（页面不存在）">寬邊草帽</a>，穿<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8A%E5%B8%B6%E9%95%B7%E8%A4%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吊帶長褲（页面不存在）">吊帶長褲</a>。女性穿單色長裙外加<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8D%E5%B7%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="圍巾">圍巾</a>，頭上則戴無邊白色小帽。這些傳統源自於歐洲瑞士到德國再移民美國前的服裝，在賓州蘭開斯特郡，住民都穿著這種傳統服裝。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>一些社区的着装规范包括禁止纽扣，只用褡袢。也有些社区允许服装上缝纽扣。禁止纽扣的原因是它与军服的历史渊源。通用的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="美学">美学</a>标准是“朴素”：一个人的衣着不能以剪裁、颜色或其他风格来引人注目。然而，阿米什人的服装款式仍停留在19世纪风格，他们出现在外部世界时显得特立独行，与其初衷相反，常引来好奇的目光。 </p><p>阿米什男人在单身的时候胡须剃得很干净，结婚后留鬓须。嘴唇上面不准留须，因为在16到17世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>这是<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="军队">军队</a>的习俗。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="教育"><span id=".E6.95.99.E8.82.B2"></span>教育</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：教育"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>阿米什人不让子女接受初中以上的教育，认为到这个阶段的基本知识就足够应付阿米什人的生活方式。阿米什人几乎没几个人上高中，读大学的就更罕见。八年級結束以後，他們會教男孩木匠的技術或是農業的事，女孩從十二歲開始學料理和家事，十六岁能有男朋友。 </p><p>阿米什人的家庭就是他們的學校，也是他們的教會，许多阿米什社区开办自己的学校，通常是一个大通房，教师也来自阿米什社区。 </p><p>在过去，阿米什人因为学校的事与外界发生了大冲突。1972年，三个阿米什家庭拒绝送14岁和15岁的孩子上高中，被判处罚金5美元。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%B7%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%9E" title="威斯康辛州">威斯康辛州</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%B7%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%9E%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威斯康辛州最高法院（页面不存在）">最高法院</a>推翻了这个判决，裁定：以“接受义务教育”为由，违反<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="美国宪法">宪法</a>第一修正案的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="信仰自由">信仰自由</a>条款，不具备正当性。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="美国最高法院">联邦最高法院</a>维持了复审裁决。 </p><p>現在，大部分的冲突已经解决，政府教育当局允许阿米什人以自己的方式教育孩子。某些州的法律禁止低于某个年龄的孩子辍学，即使孩子已经初中毕业。变通的做法是，让孩子不断地重读八年级，直到可以合法离校的年龄。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="慶祝活動"><span id=".E6.85.B6.E7.A5.9D.E6.B4.BB.E5.8B.95"></span>慶祝活動</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：慶祝活動"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>他們在慶祝的時候會舉行所謂拼布蜜蜂會，即是許多婦女群集在一起製作拼布被毯，大家一邊享受樂趣、食物和閒聊，完成的拼布賣掉的收入則當作慈善捐款，他們的被毯都是利用舊衣服或剩布所完成，使用的顏色都是暗紫、藕紫、翠綠、咖啡、深紅、淺褐色、鐵青、朱紅、暗紅、灰色、黑色等等，不使用白布，因為白布只在喪禮的時候使用。他們還有一樣象徵性的東西就是臉部沒有五官的娃娃，因為這是他們的教規，在聖經裡面提到“不可為自己作什麼形象，彷彿上天、下地……的百物”，信奉阿米什教派的母親們世世代代為他們的女兒縫製這些娃娃，式樣始終如一，毋需變換、美化或改良，只須經久耐用。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="与外部世界的关系"><span id=".E4.B8.8E.E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E4.B8.96.E7.95.8C.E7.9A.84.E5.85.B3.E7.B3.BB"></span>与外部世界的关系</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：与外部世界的关系"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg/300px-Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg/450px-Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg/600px-Nappanee-indiana-amish-acres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2009" data-file-height="1022" /></a><figcaption>阿米什人的地產</figcaption></figure> <p>阿米什人作为整体受到了现代世界的压力。例如《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%A5%E5%B7%A5%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="童工法（页面不存在）">童工法</a>》，对阿米什人长期保持的生活方式是个威胁。阿米什儿童在年幼时（以21世纪的标准）就被教导努力工作。孩子从事新的工作时，通常父母会监督以确保效率和安全。由父母来决定孩子能否从事危险的工作，与现代《童工法》有抵触。 </p><p>与外界的印象相反，阿米什人會行使<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="投票權">投票权</a>，而且被全国性政党视为潜力巨大的摇摆选民：他们的<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="和平主义">和平主义</a>和社会道义对左派政党很有吸引力，而他们的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="保守主义">保守主义</a>形象又符合右翼政党的口味。他们奉行非<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B" title="暴力">暴力</a>不抵抗，所以很少进行自卫。在<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="战争">战争</a>时期，他们采取<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%AF%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="良心">良心</a>反战立场。 </p><p>如许多<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E8%AF%BA%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="门诺会">门诺会</a>的人一样，阿米什人不介入<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="保险">保险</a>，而依靠教会和社区的支持。比如谷仓毁于火灾或其他灾害，整个社区会一起来修复，通常一天内就完工。 </p><p>1961年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%A8%85%E5%8B%99%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="美國稅務局">美国税务局</a>宣布，鉴于阿米什人不接受政府的社会福利，而且出于宗教理由不接受保险，他们也无须缴纳相关的税项。1965年这一政策正式写入<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="法律">法律</a>。某些团体和雇主也适用免交社会福利税，然而法律规定他们必须供养年长和残疾成员。阿米什人实际纳税比较重，特别是房地产税，因为他们很少接受政府服务。 </p><p>阿米什人有时受到邻近社区的敌视和歧视。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第一次世界大战">第一次世界大战</a>期间，阿米什人的<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="和平主义">和平主义</a>立场引发了许多骚扰，被迫应征入伍的阿米什人也受到各种形式的刁难。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="易于混淆的其他族群"><span id=".E6.98.93.E4.BA.8E.E6.B7.B7.E6.B7.86.E7.9A.84.E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E6.97.8F.E7.BE.A4"></span>易于混淆的其他族群</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：易于混淆的其他族群"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>再洗礼派的宗教团体普遍拒绝使用汽车并且与外界隔绝，有时旧信条<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E8%AF%BA%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="门诺会">门诺会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E6%B4%BE" title="胡特尔派">胡特尔派</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC%E6%B5%B8%E4%BF%A1%E5%BC%9F%E5%85%84%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日尔曼浸信弟兄会（页面不存在）">日尔曼浸信弟兄会</a>也被外人误认为是阿米什人。这些人都是来自欧洲的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="移民">移民</a>，但是拥有不同的口音和宗教传统。也有人把阿米什人与<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E9%97%A8%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="摩门教">摩门教</a>混为一谈。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="性侵犯的争议"><span id=".E6.80.A7.E4.BE.B5.E7.8A.AF.E7.9A.84.E4.BA.89.E8.AE.AE"></span>性侵犯的争议</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：性侵犯的争议"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>若干新近出现的高曝光率案件引发了人们对阿米什社区儿童<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E4%BE%B5%E7%8A%AF" title="性侵犯">性侵犯</a>问题的关注，这个问题被称为“某些社区的<a href="/wiki/%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB" title="瘟疫">瘟疫</a>”。旧信条社区的主教和牧师们解决了争端，并且发出惩罪令（通常只是「<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="閃避" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shunning"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%83%E9%81%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="閃避（页面不存在）">閃避</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunning" class="extiw" title="en:Shunning"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shunning</span></a></span>）</span></span>」），所以性侵犯从未向司法机构报案。受害人很难讨回公道，而向外求助可能会被本族人闪避。玛丽·拜勒在8到14岁期间被自己的兄弟们强奸了上百次，由于报了案她被逐出教会并离开阿米什社区。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>大卫·犹德回忆说，在保守的Swartzentruber 阿米什家庭有人与自己的女儿<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B1%E4%BC%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="乱伦">乱伦</a>，得到的惩罚仅仅是90天的闪避。还有一个阿米什女子被自己的姐（或妹）夫经常强奸，而施暴者最终仅被处以两个半月的闪避。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>一些社区也曾被指责过于宽容对儿童身体侵犯的行为。即使如此，有关儿童身体侵害或性侵犯在阿米什社区发生的比例并不比在普通社会高，問題是与外界社会的隔绝使受害者很难寻求帮助。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="電影"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E5.BD.B1"></span>電影</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：電影"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>與阿米希人有關的電影有： </p> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%81%E4%BA%BA_(1985%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1)" title="证人 (1985年电影)">證人</a>》，1985年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E9%81%9C%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="哈里遜·福特">哈里遜·福特</a>主演</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="惡魔的遊樂場 (2002年)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Devil's Playground (2002 film)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%A1%E9%AD%94%E7%9A%84%E9%81%8A%E6%A8%82%E5%A0%B4_(2002%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="惡魔的遊樂場 (2002年)（页面不存在）">惡魔的遊樂場</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil%27s_Playground_(2002_film)" class="extiw" title="en:Devil's Playground (2002 film)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Devil's Playground (2002 film)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》，2002年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%84%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="記錄片">記錄片</a></li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="貧富之間" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="For Richer or Poorer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%A7%E5%AF%8C%E4%B9%8B%E9%96%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="貧富之間（页面不存在）">貧富之間</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_Richer_or_Poorer" class="extiw" title="en:For Richer or Poorer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">For Richer or Poorer</span></a></span>）</span></span>》，1997年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%80%AB" title="提姆·艾倫">提姆·艾倫</a>主演</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="電視劇"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E8.A6.96.E5.8A.87"></span>電視劇</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：電視劇"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>與阿米希人有關的有： </p> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%88%B0%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%8D" title="百戰天龍">百戰天龍</a>》或《<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E8%93%8B%E5%85%88" class="mw-redirect" title="馬蓋先">馬蓋先</a>》港《<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E9%9D%A2%E9%A3%9B%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="玉面飛龍">玉面飛龍</a>》(MacGyver)，第四季第3集，The Outsiders 1988年，<a href="/wiki/Richard_Dean_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Dean Anderson">Richard Dean Anderson</a>主演，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87" class="mw-redirect" title="電視劇">電視劇</a></li> <li>《推理女神探》(Murder She Wrote)，第七季第20集</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="德克斯特的實驗室">德克斯特的實驗室</a>》，第二季第12集C段，德克斯特的鄉村生活（Ol' McDexter），1997年10月1日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%95%AB%E5%8A%87%E9%9B%86" title="動畫劇集">動畫劇集</a>。</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E8%AD%89%E6%87%B8%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵證懸案">鐵證懸案</a>》第五季第3集，2007年，<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathryn_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathryn Morris（页面不存在）">Kathryn Morris</a>主演，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87" class="mw-redirect" title="電視劇">電視劇</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%86%E9%AA%A8%E5%AF%BB%E8%B8%AA" title="识骨寻踪">识骨寻踪</a>》(Bones) 第五季第3集，2009年，<a href="/w/index.php?title=FOX%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FOX電視劇（页面不存在）">FOX電視劇</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E4%B9%A0%E5%8C%BB%E7%94%9F%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="实习医生格雷">實習醫生格雷</a>》(Grey's Anatomy) 第三季第13集 2007 電視劇</li> <li>《Trouble in Amish Paradise》BBC 紀錄片記錄兩位阿米希青年人對阿米希實行的省思，被迫離開社區的經過。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>《Leaving Amish Paradise》BBC 紀錄片記錄離開阿米希社區過日子的兩家人的生活，Trouble in Amish Paradise的續集。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E7%9A%84%E6%81%A9%E5%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿米什的恩典（页面不存在）">阿米什的恩典</a>》(Amish Grace) ,2010，電視电影，19届基督教国际电影节最佳影片奖</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%85%E5%8A%9B%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%AB%E8%98%AD" title="魅力克利夫蘭">魅力克利夫蘭</a>》(Hot in Cleveland)第二季第11集， 2011, 美國電視劇，提及俄亥俄州的阿米希人。</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E9%85%B7%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD" title="蓋酷家庭">蓋酷家庭</a>》(Family Guy), 第十季第7集，2011，美國動畫片</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E7%94%A2%E5%A7%90%E5%A6%B9" title="破產姐妹">破產姐妹</a>》(2 Broke Girls) 第二季第7集 2012 電視劇</li> <li>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%B8%8C%E9%BB%91%E6%89%8B%E5%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿米希黑手党（页面不存在）">阿米希黑手党</a>》(Amish Mafia), 2012, 电视剧，美国discovery channel</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%90%83%E9%BB%91" class="mw-disambig" title="黑吃黑">黑吃黑</a>》(Banshee), 2013, 电视剧，美国Cinemax</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3%E4%B8%8A%E9%94%99%E8%BA%AB" title="美女上错身">美女上錯身</a>》（Drop Dead Diva）第五季第13集， 2013，美國電視劇(Lifetime)</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%81%E7%88%86%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E7%9B%A3%E7%8D%84" title="勁爆女子監獄">勁爆女子監獄</a>》（Orange is the new black）第三季第9集， 2015，美國電視劇(Netflix)</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E5%82%98%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="雨傘學院">雨傘學院</a>》第三季第2集，2022，美國Netflix電視劇</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Elizabethtown_College,_the_Young_Center_for_Anabaptist_and_Pietist_Studies-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Elizabethtown_College,_the_Young_Center_for_Anabaptist_and_Pietist_Studies_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.etown.edu/amishstudies/Population_by_State_2013.asp">Elizabethtown College, the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies</a>. Elizabethtown College, the Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies. May 2013 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [June 2013]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130614185846/http://www2.etown.edu/amishstudies/Population_by_State_2013.asp">存档</a>于2013-06-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.atitle=Elizabethtown+College%2C+the+Young+Center+for+Anabaptist+and+Pietist+Studies&rft.date=2013-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Elizabethtown+College%2C+the+Young+Center+for+Anabaptist+and+Pietist+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.etown.edu%2Famishstudies%2FPopulation_by_State_2013.asp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">据2000年阿米什社区出版物公布的数字，美国的阿米什人口为198,000人。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《The Puzzles of Amish Life 》by D. B. Kraybill</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">聖經，馬太福音五章三十九節</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160125083720/http://amishamerica.com/amish-technology-friendliness/">Amish Technology Use in Different Groups</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-01-24</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amishamerica.com/amish-technology-friendliness/">原始内容</a>存档于2016-01-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Amish+Technology+Use+in+Different+Groups&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famishamerica.com%2Famish-technology-friendliness%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《Visits With the Amish: Impressions of the Plain Life 》by Linda Egenes,（Sep,2001）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">班德，譚家瑜，《簡·樸:亞米胥人的生活美學》，（臺北：雙月書屋，1999）。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abcnews.go.com/2020/story?id=316371&page=1">Sexual Abuse in the Amish Community</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-06-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210523070834/https://abcnews.go.com/2020/story?id=316371&page=1">存档</a>于2021-05-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Sexual+Abuse+in+the+Amish+Community&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2F2020%2Fstory%3Fid%3D316371%26page%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=189191&page=2">Sex Abuse Case Shocks Amish Community</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-06-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126023716/https://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=189191&page=2">存档</a>于2021-01-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Sex+Abuse+Case+Shocks+Amish+Community&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FWNT%2Fstory%3Fid%3D189191%26page%3D2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amishabuse.com/chapter5pg2.htm">AMISH DECEPTION</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-06-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224002947/http://www.amishabuse.com/chapter5pg2.htm">存档</a>于2021-02-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=AMISH+DECEPTION&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amishabuse.com%2Fchapter5pg2.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00ht3z6">Trouble in Amish Paradise, BBC 2009/4/7</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6BUgKVoJd?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00ht3z6">存档</a>于2012-10-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Trouble+in+Amish+Paradise%2C+BBC+2009%2F4%2F7&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb00ht3z6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lhoz_nLqMlI&feature=related">Trouble in Amish Paradise YouTube</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713154139/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lhoz_nLqMlI&feature=related">存档</a>于2019-07-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Trouble+in+Amish+Paradise+YouTube&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DLhoz_nLqMlI%26feature%3Drelated&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00zmdg8">Leaving Amish Paradise, BBC 2010/3/16</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200616191554/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00zmdg8">存档</a>于2020-06-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Leaving+Amish+Paradise%2C+BBC+2010%2F3%2F16&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb00zmdg8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnwp5OAaK8I">Leaving Amish Paradise YouTube</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-05-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201118024837/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnwp5OAaK8I">存档</a>于2020-11-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=Leaving+Amish+Paradise+YouTube&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dbnwp5OAaK8I&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_A._Hostetler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John A. Hostetler（页面不存在）">Hostetler, John A.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/amishsociety00host_0">Amish Society</a> fourth edition. Baltimore, Maryland; London: Johns Hopkins University Press. 1993. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8018-4442-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8018-4442-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-8018-4442-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.au=Hostetler%2C+John+A.&rft.btitle=Amish+Society&rft.date=1993&rft.edition=fourth+edition&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-4442-3&rft.place=Baltimore%2C+Maryland%3B+London&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famishsociety00host_0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Kraybill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Kraybill（页面不存在）">Kraybill, Donald B.</a> Anabaptist World USA. Herald Press. 2000. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0836191633" title="Special:网络书源/0836191633"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0836191633</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.au=Kraybill%2C+Donald+B.&rft.btitle=Anabaptist+World+USA&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0836191633&rft.pub=Herald+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Kraybill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Kraybill（页面不存在）">Kraybill, Donald B.</a> The Riddle of Amish Culture Revised edition. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/080186772X" title="Special:网络书源/080186772X"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 080186772X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.au=Kraybill%2C+Donald+B.&rft.btitle=The+Riddle+of+Amish+Culture&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=Revised+edition&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=080186772X&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">C. Henry Smith (Revised and expanded by Cornelius Krahn). Smith's Story of the Mennonites. Newton, Kansas: Faith and Life Press. 1981: 249–356. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0873030699" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-87303-069-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.au=C.+Henry+Smith+%28Revised+and+expanded+by+Cornelius+Krahn%29&rft.btitle=Smith%27s+Story+of+the+Mennonites&rft.date=1981&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=249-356&rft.place=Newton%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=Faith+and+Life+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHostetler1993" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_A._Hostetler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John A. Hostetler（页面不存在）">Hostetler, John</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/amishsociety00host_0">Amish Society</a> 4th, Baltimore, Maryland; London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8018-4442-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8018-4442-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-8018-4442-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.aufirst=John&rft.aulast=Hostetler&rft.btitle=Amish+Society&rft.date=1993&rft.edition=4th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-4442-3&rft.place=Baltimore%2C+Maryland%3B+London&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famishsociety00host_0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B., Karen M. Johnson-Weiner, and Steven M. Nolt, <i>The Amish</i> (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), 500 pp.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKraybill1994" class="citation">Kraybill, Donald B, Olshan, Marc A , 编, The Amish Struggle with Modernity, Hanover, NH: University Press of New England: 304, 1994</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.aufirst=Donald+B&rft.aulast=Kraybill&rft.btitle=The+Amish+Struggle+with+Modernity&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=304&rft.place=Hanover%2C+NH&rft.pub=University+Press+of+New+England&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKraybill" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Kraybill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Kraybill（页面不存在）">Kraybill, Donald B</a>, The Anabaptist Escalator</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.aufirst=Donald+B&rft.aulast=Kraybill&rft.btitle=The+Anabaptist+Escalator&rft.genre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKraybill2001" class="citation">———, Anabaptist World USA, Herald Press, 2001 [2000], <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8361-9163-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8361-9163-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-8361-9163-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.aufirst=Donald+B&rft.aulast=Kraybill&rft.btitle=Anabaptist+World+USA&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8361-9163-9&rft.pub=Herald+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKraybill2001" class="citation">———, The Riddle of Amish Culture revised, 2001, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8018-6772-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8018-6772-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-8018-6772-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.aufirst=Donald+B&rft.aulast=Kraybill&rft.btitle=The+Riddle+of+Amish+Culture&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=revised&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-6772-9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNolt1992" class="citation">Nolt, Steven M., A History of the Amish, Intercourse: Good Books, 1992</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.aufirst=Steven+M.&rft.aulast=Nolt&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Amish&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Intercourse&rft.pub=Good+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li>Mackall, Joe: <i>Plain Secrets: An Outsider among the Amish</i>, Boston, Mass. 2007.</li> <li><cite class="citation">Swiss Amish, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amishamerica.typepad.com/amish_america/swiss_amish/">Amish America</a>, Type pad, <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-03-26</span>]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090302035944/http://amishamerica.typepad.com/amish_america/swiss_amish/">存档</a>于2009-03-02）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.atitle=Swiss+Amish&rft.btitle=Amish+America&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=Type+pad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famishamerica.typepad.com%2Famish_america%2Fswiss_amish%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSmithKrahn1981" class="citation">Smith, C Henry; Krahn, Cornelius, Smith's Story of the Mennonites revised & expanded, Newton, Kansas: Faith and Life Press: 249–356, 1981, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-87303-069-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-87303-069-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-87303-069-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&rft.au=Krahn%2C+Cornelius&rft.aufirst=C+Henry&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.btitle=Smith%27s+Story+of+the+Mennonites&rft.date=1981&rft.edition=revised+%26+expanded&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-87303-069-4&rft.pages=249-356&rft.place=Newton%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=Faith+and+Life+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閲讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B2.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸閲讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：延伸閲讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=Literature_on_the_Amish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Literature on the Amish（页面不存在）">Literature on the Amish</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80540462"><div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><i>Die Botschaft</i> – Lancaster, PA – Newspaper for Old Order Amish and Old Order Mennonites; only Amish may place advertisements.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebudgetnewspaper.com/"><i>The Budget</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100413065216/http://thebudgetnewspaper.com/">存檔</a>，存档日期April 13, 2010，. – Sugarcreek, OH – Weekly newspaper by and for Amish.</li> <li><i>The Diary</i> – Gordonville, PA – Monthly newsmagazine by and for Old Order Amish.</li> <li>Beachy, Leroy (2011). <i>Unser Leit ... The Story of the Amish</i>. Millersburg, OH: Goodly Heritage Books. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E4%B9%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="国际标准书号">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-9832397-0-3" title="Special:网络书源/0-9832397-0-3">0-9832397-0-3</a></li> <li>DeWalt, Mark W. (2006). <i>Amish Education in the United States and Canada</i>. Rowman and Littlefield Education.</li> <li>Garret, Ottie A and Ruth Irene Garret (1998). <i>True Stories of the X-Amish: Banned, Excommunicated and Shunned</i>, Horse Cave, KY: Neu Leben.</li> <li>Garret, Ruth Irene (1998). <i>Crossing Over: One Woman's Escape from Amish Life</i>, Thomas More.</li> <li>Gehman Richard. "Plainest of Pennsylvania's Plain People Amish Folk". <i>National Geographic</i>, August 1965, pp. 226–53.</li> <li>Good, Merle and Phyllis (1979). <i>20 Most Asked Questions about the Amish and Mennonites</i>. Intercourse, PA: Good Books.</li> <li>Hostetler, John A. ed. (1989). <i>Amish Roots: A Treasury of History, Wisdom, and Lore</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Igou, Brad (1999). <i>The Amish in Their Own Words: Amish Writings from 25 Years of Family Life</i>, Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.</li> <li>Johnson-Weiner, Karen M. (2006). <i>Train Up a Child: Old Order Amish and Mennonite Schools</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Johnson-Weiner, Karen M. (2017) <i>New York Amish : Life in the Plain Communities of the Empire State</i> (Cornell UP, 2017).</li> <li>Keim, Albert (1976). <i>Compulsory Education and the Amish: The Right Not to be Modern</i>. Beacon Press.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B. "Amish." in <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America,</i> edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 1, Gale, 2014), pp. 97–112. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3273300018/GPS?u=wikipedia&sid=GPS&xid=2101fa51">online</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210428123834/https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3273300018/GPS?u=wikipedia&sid=GPS&xid=2101fa51">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B. (2008). <i>The Amish of Lancaster County</i>. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books.* Kraybill, Donald B. ed. (2003). <i>The Amish and the State</i>. Foreword by Martin E. Marty. 2nd ed.: Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B. (2014). <i>Renegade Amish: Beard Cutting, Hate Crimes, and the Trial of the Bergholz Barbers</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B. & Carl D. Bowman (2002). <i>On the Backroad to Heaven: Old Order Hutterites, Mennonites, Amish, and Brethren</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B. & Steven M. Nolt (2004). <i>Amish Enterprise: From Plows to Profits</i>. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B., Steven M. Nolt & David L. Weaver-Zercher (2006). <i>Amish Grace: How Forgiveness Transcended Tragedy</i>. New York: Jossey-Bass.</li> <li>Kraybill, Donald B., Steven M. Nolt & David L. Weaver-Zercher (2010). <i>The Amish Way: Patient Faith in a Perilous World</i>. New York: Jossey-Bass.</li> <li>Luthy, David (1991). <i>Amish Settlements That Failed, 1840–1960</i>. LaGrange, IN: Pathway Publishers.</li> <li>Nolt, Steven M. and Thomas J. Myers (2007). <i>Plain Diversity: Amish Cultures and Identities</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Schachtman, Tom (2006). <i>Rumspringa: To be or not to be Amish</i>. New York: North Point Press.</li> <li>Schlabach, Theron F. (1988). <i>Peace, Faith, Nation: Mennonites and Amish in Nineteenth-Century America</i>. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.</li> <li>Schmidt, Kimberly D., Diane Zimmerman Umble, & Steven D. Reschly, eds. (2002) <i>Strangers at Home: Amish and Mennonite Women in History</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Scott_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen Scott (writer)（页面不存在）">Scott, Stephen</a> (1988). <i>The Amish Wedding and Other Special Occasions of the Old Order Communities</i>. Intercourse, PA: Good Books.</li> <li>Smith, Jeff (2016). <i>Becoming Amish</i>. Cedar, MI: Dance Hall Press</li> <li>Stevick, Richard A. (2007). <i>Growing Up Amish: the Teenage Years</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Umble, Diane Zimmerman (2000). <i>Holding the Line: the Telephone in Old Order Mennonite and Amish Life</i>. Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Umble, Diane Zimmerman & David L. Weaver-Zercher, eds. (2008). <i>The Amish and the Media</i>. Johns Hopkins University Press</li> <li>Weaver-Zercher, David L. (2001). <i>The Amish in the American Imagination</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.</li> <li>Yoder, Harvey (2007). <i>The Happening: Nickel Mines School Tragedy</i>. Berlin, OH: TGS International.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參閲"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E9.96.B2"></span>參閲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：參閲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:2; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E6%A0%A1%E5%9B%AD%E6%9E%AA%E5%87%BB%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="2006年阿米什校园枪击事件">2006年阿米什校园枪击事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%A3%94%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" title="德裔宾夕法尼亚人">德裔宾夕法尼亚人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%B7%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="盧德運動">盧德運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%A2%9D%E4%BB%B6%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5" title="無條件基本收入">無條件基本收入</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E5%96%AE%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB" title="簡單生活">簡單生活</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿米什人生活在現代世界" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Amish life in the modern world"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%9C%A8%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿米什人生活在現代世界（页面不存在）">阿米什人生活在現代世界</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amish_life_in_the_modern_world" class="extiw" title="en:Amish life in the modern world"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Amish life in the modern world</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E4%BB%80%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amish" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Amish"><span style="font-weight:bold;">阿米什人</span></a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/contents/A4574ME.html">"Amish"</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120106182327/http://www.gameo.org/encyclopedia/contents/A4574ME.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） in the <i>Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.etown.edu/amishstudies/Index.asp">"Amish Studies"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160305063059/http://www2.etown.edu/amishstudies/Index.asp">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） at Young Center for Anabaptist & Pietist Studies at <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊麗莎白鎮學院" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Elizabethtown College"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E9%BA%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E9%8E%AE%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊麗莎白鎮學院（页面不存在）">Elizabethtown College</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethtown_College" class="extiw" title="en:Elizabethtown College"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Elizabethtown College</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu/Amish.htm">"The Amish"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201114000409/http://missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu/Amish.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） from the Missouri Folklore Society</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amishamerica.com/">"Amish America"</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130601130644/http://amishamerica.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="簡單生活" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Simple_living" title="Template:Simple living"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Simple_living&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Simple living（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Simple_living" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Simple living"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="簡單生活" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E5%96%AE%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB" title="簡單生活">簡單生活</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">實踐</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E7%89%A9%E6%98%93%E7%89%A9" title="以物易物">以物易物</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="剪線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cord-cutting"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AA%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="剪線（页面不存在）">剪線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord-cutting" class="extiw" title="en:Cord-cutting"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cord-cutting</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIY" title="DIY">DIY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB" title="慢生活">慢生活</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乾式廁所" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dry toilet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%BB%81%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乾式廁所（页面不存在）">乾式廁所</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_toilet" class="extiw" title="en:Dry toilet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dry toilet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E9%A3%9F" title="禁食">禁食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%92%E8%97%9D" title="森林園藝">森林園藝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%BB%E7%B4%A0%E9%A3%9F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="免費素食主義">免費素食主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E4%BF%AD" title="节俭">节俭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE%E7%89%A9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="禮物經濟">禮物經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80" title="意識社區">意識社區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81" title="区域货币">区域货币</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="低影響開發" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dry toiletLow-impact development (UK)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91" title="低影响开发">低影響開發</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_toiletLow-impact_development_(UK)" class="extiw" title="en:Dry toiletLow-impact development (UK)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dry toiletLow-impact development (UK)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="減少多餘的裝飾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="No frills"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%9B%E5%B0%91%E5%A4%9A%E9%A4%98%E7%9A%84%E8%A3%9D%E9%A3%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="減少多餘的裝飾（页面不存在）">減少多餘的裝飾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_frills" class="extiw" title="en:No frills"><span lang="en" dir="auto">No frills</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="離網" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Off-the-grid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%A2%E7%B6%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="離網（页面不存在）">離網</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-grid" class="extiw" title="en:Off-the-grid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Off-the-grid</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B8%E9%96%80" title="樸門">樸門</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="禮物轉送" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Regift"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%AE%E7%89%A9%E8%BD%89%E9%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="禮物轉送（页面不存在）">禮物轉送</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regift" class="extiw" title="en:Regift"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Regift</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩特維克飲食" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sattvic diet"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E7%89%B9%E7%B6%AD%E5%85%8B%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩特維克飲食（页面不存在）">薩特維克飲食</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sattvic_diet" class="extiw" title="en:Sattvic diet"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sattvic diet</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自給自足" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-sufficiency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%B5%A6%E8%87%AA%E8%B6%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自給自足（页面不存在）">自給自足</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-sufficiency" class="extiw" title="en:Self-sufficiency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-sufficiency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%B5%A6%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" title="自給農業">自給農業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB" title="綠色生活">綠色生活</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="永續衛生設施" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sustainable sanitation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永續衛生設施（页面不存在）">永續衛生設施</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_sanitation" class="extiw" title="en:Sustainable sanitation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sustainable sanitation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AF%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="纯素主义">纯素主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E9%A3%9F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="素食主義">素食主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%A8%85" title="抗稅">抗稅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E8%BE%B2%E5%A0%B4%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="世界有機農場機會組織">世界有機農場機會組織</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">宗教與精神</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">阿米什人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E4%BD%94%E6%9C%89" title="無佔有">無佔有</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6%E4%BF%AE%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="苦修主義">禁慾主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%AC%E5%84%92%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="犬儒主义">犬儒學派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超然" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Detachment (philosophy)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E7%84%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超然（页面不存在）">超然</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detachment_(philosophy)" class="extiw" title="en:Detachment (philosophy)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Detachment (philosophy)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="分产主义">分产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="耶稣运动">耶稣运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%B7%A3" title="化緣">化緣</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托缽修會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mendicant"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%92%B5%E4%BF%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="托钵修会">托缽修會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendicant" class="extiw" title="en:Mendicant"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mendicant</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%B5_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="念 (佛教)">正念</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="西方修行制度">西方修行制度</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新修道主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="New Monasticism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E4%BF%AE%E9%81%93%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新修道主義（页面不存在）">新修道主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Monasticism" class="extiw" title="en:New Monasticism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">New Monasticism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="平凡的裝扮" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plain dress"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E5%87%A1%E7%9A%84%E8%A3%9D%E6%89%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平凡的裝扮（页面不存在）">平凡的裝扮</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_dress" class="extiw" title="en:Plain dress"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plain dress</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="平凡的人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plain people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E5%87%A1%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平凡的人（页面不存在）">平凡的人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain_people" class="extiw" title="en:Plain people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plain people</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E6%A0%BC%E6%9C%83" title="貴格會">貴格會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E9%87%8C%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="拉斯塔法里运动">拉斯塔法里运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E5%88%B6" title="节制">自我約束</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="簡單證言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Testimony of Simplicity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B0%A1%E5%96%AE%E8%AD%89%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="簡單證言（页面不存在）">簡單證言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testimony_of_Simplicity" class="extiw" title="en:Testimony of Simplicity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Testimony of Simplicity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托爾斯泰運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tolstoyan movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%B0%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托爾斯泰運動（页面不存在）">托爾斯泰運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolstoyan_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Tolstoyan movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tolstoyan movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="十二部落社區使徒教團" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Twelve Tribes communities"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E4%BD%BF%E5%BE%92%E6%95%99%E5%9C%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="十二部落社區使徒教團（页面不存在）">十二部落社區使徒教團</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Tribes_communities" class="extiw" title="en:Twelve Tribes communities"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Twelve Tribes communities</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">世俗活動</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土地回歸運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Back-to-the-land movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%9E%E6%AD%B8%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土地回歸運動（页面不存在）">土地回歸運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-to-the-land_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Back-to-the-land movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Back-to-the-land movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="無車運動">無車運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E4%BF%9D%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="環保運動">環保運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AC%89%E7%9A%AE%E5%A3%AB" title="嬉皮士">嬉皮士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="開源生態計畫">開源生態計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="慢运动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Slow movement (culture)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A2%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慢运动（页面不存在）">慢运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow_movement_(culture)" class="extiw" title="en:Slow movement (culture)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Slow movement (culture)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小房運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tiny house movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E6%88%BF%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小房運動（页面不存在）">小房運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny_house_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Tiny house movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tiny house movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="過渡倡議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Transition town"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E5%80%A1%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="過渡倡議（页面不存在）">過渡倡議</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_town" class="extiw" title="en:Transition town"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Transition town</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">著名作家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="溫德爾·貝瑞" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wendell Berry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%B2%9D%E7%91%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溫德爾·貝瑞（页面不存在）">溫德爾·貝瑞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendell_Berry" class="extiw" title="en:Wendell Berry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wendell Berry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E4%BC%A6%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB" title="欧内斯特·卡伦巴赫">欧内斯特·卡伦巴赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%9F%BA%E6%80%9D%C2%B7%E5%8D%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%A0%93" title="吉爾伯特·基思·卻斯特頓">吉爾伯特·基思·卻斯特頓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%9B%84%E7%94%98%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="聖雄甘地">聖雄甘地</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="杜安·埃爾金" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Duane Elgin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%9C%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杜安·埃爾金（页面不存在）">杜安·埃爾金</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duane_Elgin" class="extiw" title="en:Duane Elgin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Duane Elgin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="理查·葛萊格" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Richard Gregg (social philosopher)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E8%91%9B%E8%90%8A%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理查·葛萊格（页面不存在）">理查·葛萊格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Gregg_(social_philosopher)" class="extiw" title="en:Richard Gregg (social philosopher)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Richard Gregg (social philosopher)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="湯姆·霍奇金森" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tom Hodgkinson"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B9%AF%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A5%87%E9%87%91%E6%A3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="湯姆·霍奇金森（页面不存在）">湯姆·霍奇金森</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Hodgkinson" class="extiw" title="en:Tom Hodgkinson"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tom Hodgkinson</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈倫·哈伯德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harlan Hubbard"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E4%BC%AF%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈倫·哈伯德（页面不存在）">哈倫·哈伯德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlan_Hubbard" class="extiw" title="en:Harlan Hubbard"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harlan Hubbard</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BA%AB%E7%91%AA" title="薩提斯·庫瑪">薩提斯·庫瑪</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="海倫·尼寧" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Helen Nearing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E5%AF%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海倫·尼寧（页面不存在）">海倫·尼寧</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Nearing" class="extiw" title="en:Helen Nearing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Helen Nearing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="史考特·尼寧" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Scott Nearing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E8%80%83%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E5%AF%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="史考特·尼寧（页面不存在）">史考特·尼寧</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Nearing" class="extiw" title="en:Scott Nearing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scott Nearing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="和平朝聖者" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peace Pilgrim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E6%9C%9D%E8%81%96%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="和平朝聖者（页面不存在）">和平朝聖者</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Pilgrim" class="extiw" title="en:Peace Pilgrim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peace Pilgrim</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尼克·羅森" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nick Rosen"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E6%A3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尼克·羅森（页面不存在）">尼克·羅森</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Rosen" class="extiw" title="en:Nick Rosen"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nick Rosen</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道格·森普" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dugald Semple"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E6%A3%AE%E6%99%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道格·森普（页面不存在）">道格·森普</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dugald_Semple" class="extiw" title="en:Dugald Semple"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dugald Semple</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C2%B7F%C2%B7%E8%88%92%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB" title="E·F·舒马赫">E·F·舒马赫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喬治·斯肯·基思" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="George Skene Keith (physician)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%82%AF%C2%B7%E5%9F%BA%E6%80%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喬治·斯肯·基思（页面不存在）">喬治·斯肯·基思</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Skene_Keith_(physician)" class="extiw" title="en:George Skene Keith (physician)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">George Skene Keith (physician)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E6%A2%AD%E7%BD%97" title="亨利·戴维·梭罗">亨利·戴维·梭罗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%B0" title="列夫·托爾斯泰">列夫·托爾斯泰</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="提魯瓦魯瓦" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thiruvalluvar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E9%AD%AF%E7%93%A6%E9%AD%AF%E7%93%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提魯瓦魯瓦（页面不存在）">提魯瓦魯瓦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiruvalluvar" class="extiw" title="en:Thiruvalluvar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thiruvalluvar</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">當代奉行者</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬克·博伊爾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mark Boyle (Moneyless Man)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E4%BC%8A%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克·博伊爾（页面不存在）">馬克·博伊爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Boyle_(Moneyless_Man)" class="extiw" title="en:Mark Boyle (Moneyless Man)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mark Boyle (Moneyless Man)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="勞勃·格林菲爾德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rob Greenfield"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%83%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E8%8F%B2%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="勞勃·格林菲爾德（页面不存在）">勞勃·格林菲爾德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Greenfield" class="extiw" title="en:Rob Greenfield"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rob Greenfield</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%BE%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="泰德·卡辛斯基">泰德·卡辛斯基</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="潘提·林克勒" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pentti Linkola"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%98%E6%8F%90%C2%B7%E6%9E%97%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="潘提·林克勒（页面不存在）">潘提·林克勒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentti_Linkola" class="extiw" title="en:Pentti Linkola"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pentti Linkola</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="吉姆·梅克爾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jim Merkel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉姆·梅克爾（页面不存在）">吉姆·梅克爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Merkel" class="extiw" title="en:Jim Merkel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jim Merkel</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="和平朝聖者" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peace Pilgrim"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E6%9C%9D%E8%81%96%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="和平朝聖者（页面不存在）">和平朝聖者</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Pilgrim" class="extiw" title="en:Peace Pilgrim"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peace Pilgrim</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B4%9B" title="蘇洛">蘇洛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托馬斯（社會運動家）" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thomas (activist)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E5%AE%B6%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托馬斯（社會運動家）（页面不存在）">托馬斯（社會運動家）</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_(activist)" class="extiw" title="en:Thomas (activist)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thomas (activist)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">大眾傳媒作品</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="降低職業道德軼聞" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%8D%E4%BD%8E%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7%E8%BB%BC%E8%81%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="降低職業道德軼聞（页面不存在）">降低職業道德軼聞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anekdote_zur_Senkung_der_Arbeitsmoral" class="extiw" title="de:Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（德文短篇小說）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="逃離富流感" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Escape from Affluenza"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%83%E9%9B%A2%E5%AF%8C%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="逃離富流感（页面不存在）">逃離富流感</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_from_Affluenza" class="extiw" title="en:Escape from Affluenza"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Escape from Affluenza</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（紀錄片）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美好生活(1975電視影集)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Good Life (1975 TV series)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%BD%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB(1975%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%BD%B1%E9%9B%86)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美好生活(1975電視影集)（页面不存在）">美好生活(1975電視影集)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Good_Life_(1975_TV_series)" class="extiw" title="en:The Good Life (1975 TV series)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Good Life (1975 TV series)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="月亮與大錘" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Moon and the Sledgehammer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%E8%88%87%E5%A4%A7%E9%8C%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月亮與大錘（页面不存在）">月亮與大錘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Moon_and_the_Sledgehammer" class="extiw" title="en:The Moon and the Sledgehammer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Moon and the Sledgehammer</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（紀錄片）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大地新聞" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mother Earth News"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大地新聞（页面不存在）">大地新聞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Earth_News" class="extiw" title="en:Mother Earth News"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mother Earth News</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（雙月刊雜誌）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="一半的力量" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Power of Half"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="一半的力量（页面不存在）">一半的力量</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Power_of_Half" class="extiw" title="en:The Power of Half"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Power of Half</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（書籍）</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小即為美" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Small Is Beautiful"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E5%8D%B3%E7%82%BA%E7%BE%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小即為美（页面不存在）">小即為美</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Is_Beautiful" class="extiw" title="en:Small Is Beautiful"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Small Is Beautiful</span></a></span>）</span></span>》（書籍）</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%E7%99%BB%E6%B9%96_(%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86)" title="瓦爾登湖 (散文集)">湖濱散記</a>》（散文集）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%">相關主題</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F" title="富流感">富流感</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="农业主义">农业主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD%E9%A4%98%E6%84%9B%E5%A5%BD%E8%80%85" title="業餘愛好者">業餘愛好者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="無政府原始主義">無政府原始主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反消費主義">反消費主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%82%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="适用技术">适用技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="波希米亞主義">波希米亞主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="消費主義">消費主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E5%B1%A4%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="深層生態學">深層生態學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BB%E5%A2%9E%E9%95%BF" title="去增长">去增长</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E8%B6%B3%E8%B7%A1" title="生態足跡">生態足跡</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食品里程" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Food miles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E9%87%8C%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食品里程（页面不存在）">食品里程</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_miles" class="extiw" title="en:Food miles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Food miles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="門廊共和國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Front Porch Republic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%80%E5%BB%8A%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="門廊共和國（页面不存在）">門廊共和國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_Porch_Republic" class="extiw" title="en:Front Porch Republic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Front Porch Republic</span></a></span>）</span></span>（部落格）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E7%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="綠色無政府主義">綠色無政府主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%BD%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB" title="美好生活">美好生活</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="亞里斯多德">亞里斯多德</a>用語）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="精神上的幸福" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eudaimonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B8%E7%A6%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="精神上的幸福（页面不存在）">精神上的幸福</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudaimonia" class="extiw" title="en:Eudaimonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eudaimonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="全球暖化">全球暖化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="享樂恐懼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hedonophobia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%AB%E6%A8%82%E6%81%90%E6%87%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="享樂恐懼（页面不存在）">享樂恐懼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedonophobia" class="extiw" title="en:Hedonophobia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hedonophobia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有意生活" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Intentional living"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%84%8F%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有意生活（页面不存在）">有意生活</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intentional_living" class="extiw" title="en:Intentional living"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Intentional living</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="意向社群" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Intentional community"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%90%91%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="意向社群（页面不存在）">意向社群</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intentional_community" class="extiw" title="en:Intentional community"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Intentional community</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="彩虹聚會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rainbow Gathering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%A9%E8%99%B9%E8%81%9A%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="彩虹聚會（页面不存在）">彩虹聚會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Gathering" class="extiw" title="en:Rainbow Gathering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rainbow Gathering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歐洲內流浪群體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Itinerant groups in Europe"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%A7%E6%B5%81%E6%B5%AA%E7%BE%A4%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐洲內流浪群體（页面不存在）">歐洲內流浪群體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itinerant_groups_in_Europe" class="extiw" title="en:Itinerant groups in Europe"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Itinerant groups in Europe</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="低階科技" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Low-technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E9%9A%8E%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低階科技（页面不存在）">低階科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-technology" class="extiw" title="en:Low-technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Low-technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B" title="非暴力">非暴力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%B3%B0%E5%80%BC" title="石油峰值">石油峰值</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%BA%8C%E6%80%A7" title="可持續性">可持續性</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="工作與生活界面" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Work–life interface"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E8%88%87%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="工作與生活界面（页面不存在）">工作與生活界面</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work%E2%80%93life_interface" class="extiw" title="en:Work–life interface"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Work–life interface</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104444#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104444#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104444#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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