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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">NASA orbiter mission concept to study the Neptune system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the operating system derived from Windows Neptune and Windows Odyssey, see <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">Neptune Odyssey</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Neptune_orbiter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Neptune_orbiter.jpg/260px-Neptune_orbiter.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Neptune_orbiter.jpg/390px-Neptune_orbiter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Neptune_orbiter.jpg/520px-Neptune_orbiter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="555" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Artist's concept of a Neptune orbiter with potential atmospheric probes and a Triton lander, c. early 2000s</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> orbiter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">Cruise: 16 years <br />Science phase: 4 years<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">3,218 kg (7,094 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dry mass</th><td class="infobox-data">1,594 kg (3,514 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Payload mass</th><td class="infobox-data">214 kg (472 lb) plus 220 kg (490 lb) atmospheric probe<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">Height: 6.96 m (22.8 ft)<br />Diameter: 4.56 m (15.0 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Power</th><td class="infobox-data">1,087 W (1.458 hp) from 3 Next-Generation <a href="/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator" title="Radioisotope thermoelectric generator">Radioisotope thermoelectric generators</a><sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">2033 (proposed)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rocket</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">Space Launch System</a> (proposed)<br /><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a> (alternative)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Neptune orbiter</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbital insertion</th><td class="infobox-data">2049 (proposed)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Neptune atmospheric probe</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Atmospheric entry</th><td class="infobox-data">2049 (proposed)<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><b><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Missions_Program_Office#Solar_System_Exploration" title="Planetary Missions Program Office">Solar System Exploration program</a></b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Neptune Odyssey</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">orbiter</a> mission concept to study <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune">its moons</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The orbiter would enter into a <a href="/wiki/Retrograde_orbit" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrograde orbit">retrograde orbit</a> of Neptune to facilitate simultaneous study of Triton and would launch an atmospheric probe to characterize <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Neptune" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmosphere of Neptune">Neptune's atmosphere</a>. The concept is being developed as a potential <a href="/wiki/Large_strategic_science_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Large strategic science mission">large strategic science mission</a> for <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> by a team led by the <a href="/wiki/Applied_Physics_Laboratory" title="Applied Physics Laboratory">Applied Physics Laboratory</a> at <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a>. The current proposal targets a launch in 2033 using the <a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">Space Launch System</a> with arrival at Neptune in 2049, although trajectories using gravity assists at <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> have also been considered with launch dates in 2031. </p><p>The mission concept was considered for possible recommendation as a mission priority in the 2023–2032 <a href="/wiki/Planetary_Science_Decadal_Survey" title="Planetary Science Decadal Survey">Planetary Science Decadal Survey</a>. However, for logistical reasons the <a href="/wiki/Uranus_Orbiter_and_Probe" title="Uranus Orbiter and Probe">Uranus Orbiter and Probe</a> mission was selected as the <a href="/wiki/Ice_giant" title="Ice giant">ice giant</a> orbiter mission recommendation, with top priority ahead of the <a href="/wiki/Enceladus_Orbilander" title="Enceladus Orbilander">Enceladus Orbilander</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2023decadal_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023decadal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Foust_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Foust-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Neptune" title="Exploration of Neptune">Exploration of Neptune</a></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i> is the only <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">space probe</a> to have visited the <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> system, completing a <a href="/wiki/Flyby_(spaceflight)" title="Flyby (spaceflight)">flyby</a> on August 25, 1989. An <a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">orbiter</a> to Neptune was considered as part of the aborted <a href="/wiki/Mariner_Mark_II" title="Mariner Mark II">Mariner Mark II</a> program in the 1990s, and several mission concepts for an orbiter were developed in the 2000s, including a concept by the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a version by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Idaho" title="University of Idaho">University of Idaho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though none were selected for further development. The 2011-2022 <a href="/wiki/Planetary_Science_Decadal_Survey" title="Planetary Science Decadal Survey">Planetary Science Decadal Survey</a> recommended a <a href="/wiki/Flagship-class_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagship-class mission">Flagship-class</a> orbiter mission to an <a href="/wiki/Ice_giant" title="Ice giant">ice giant</a> with priority behind what would become the <a href="/wiki/Mars_2020" title="Mars 2020">Mars 2020</a> rover and the <a href="/wiki/Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-visionsandvoyages_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visionsandvoyages-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ice giants are now appreciated as a common type of <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">exoplanet</a>, precipitating the need for further study of ice giants in the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-icegiants_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icegiants-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ice giants <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> were seen as unique yet equally compelling scientific targets, but a <a href="/wiki/Uranus_Orbiter_and_Probe" title="Uranus Orbiter and Probe">Uranus Orbiter and Probe</a> was given preference for logistical and cost reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-visionsandvoyages_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visionsandvoyages-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard_2010_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard_2010-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Uranus orbiter would logically follow Flagship-class orbiter missions undertaken at <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(spacecraft)" title="Galileo (spacecraft)">Galileo</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Cassini_(spacecraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassini (spacecraft)">Cassini</a></i>, respectively). A mission to Neptune is viewed by some to be of greater scientific merit<sup id="cite_ref-whitepaper_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitepaper-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because <a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a>, likely a captured <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt_object" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper belt object">Kuiper belt object</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ocean_world" title="Ocean world">ocean world</a>, is a more compelling <a href="/wiki/Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">astrobiology</a> target than the <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus" title="Moons of Uranus">moons of Uranus</a> (though <a href="/wiki/Ariel_(moon)" title="Ariel (moon)">Ariel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miranda_(moon)" title="Miranda (moon)">Miranda</a> in particular are possible ocean worlds).<sup id="cite_ref-roadmap_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roadmap-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, again due to cost and logistical considerations including launch vehicle availability and available launch windows, the 2023–2032 <a href="/wiki/Planetary_Science_Decadal_Survey" title="Planetary Science Decadal Survey">Planetary Science Decadal Survey</a> recommended the Uranus Orbiter and Probe instead of <i>Neptune Odyssey</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2023decadal_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023decadal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Foust_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Foust-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A less capable version of the Odyssey concept with more focus on Triton in lieu of ice giant science called <i>Triton Ocean World Surveyor</i> is being developed as a possible future <a href="/wiki/New_Frontiers_program" title="New Frontiers program">New Frontiers</a> mission.<sup id="cite_ref-2023decadal_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023decadal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another Triton-focused Neptune orbiter proposal called <i>Nautilus</i> was developed by several graduate students at the <a href="/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" title="Jet Propulsion Laboratory">Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a> in summer 2023; under the New Frontiers program, it would be launched in August 2042 and arrive in orbit in April 2057.<sup id="cite_ref-Steckel_Conrad_Dekarske_Dolan_2023_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steckel_Conrad_Dekarske_Dolan_2023-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jason_Dekarske_2023_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jason_Dekarske_2023-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Comparison of two hexagonal prism-shaped Neptune-orbiting space probes, with arrows comparing the various instruments" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg/220px-TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg/330px-TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg/440px-TOWS-Nautilus_comparison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2618" data-file-height="1263" /></a><figcaption> TOWS and <i>Nautilus</i> comparison (not to scale), illustrating their fewer instruments compared to <i>Odyssey</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Two flyby mission proposals for Neptune and Triton also exist, both of which would conduct a flyby in 2038. The <a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">China National Space Administration</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstellar Express">Interstellar Express</a></i>, a trio of probes designed to explore the heliosphere, would have its second probe (IHP-2) explore Neptune and deliver an atmospheric probe before going off to explore a Kuiper Belt object and fly toward the tail of the heliosphere. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Trident_(spacecraft)" title="Trident (spacecraft)">Trident</a></i> was a finalist for selection as a <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Program" title="Discovery Program">Discovery</a> mission in 2020, with a proposed launch in 2025 and an intent to focus on Triton.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2021, it was announced that <i>Trident</i> was not selected for development and launch,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <i>Interstellar Express</i> is yet to be approved by CNSA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Objectives">Objectives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Objectives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A large, roughly 3200-kg orbiter ejecting an atmospheric probe beside the planet Neptune" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg/220px-2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg/330px-2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg/440px-2021_Neptune_Odyssey_rendering.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1478" data-file-height="830" /></a><figcaption> Artistic rendering of the orbiter and separated atmospheric probe, as of 2021</figcaption></figure> <p>There are five primary scientific questions to be addressed by an orbiter at Neptune:<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>How do the interiors and <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere" title="Atmosphere">atmospheres</a> of ice giant [exo]planets form and evolve?</li> <li>What causes <a href="/wiki/Neptune#Magnetosphere" title="Neptune">Neptune's strange magnetic field</a>, and how do its <a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere" title="Magnetosphere">magnetosphere</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aurorae" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurorae">aurorae</a> work?</li> <li>Is Triton an ocean world? What causes its <a href="/wiki/Plume_(fluid_dynamics)" title="Plume (fluid dynamics)">plumes</a>? What is the nature of <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Triton" title="Atmosphere of Triton">its atmosphere</a>?</li> <li>How can Triton's <a href="/wiki/Geophysics" title="Geophysics">geophysics</a> and composition expand our knowledge of <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">dwarf planets</a> like <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>?</li> <li>What are the connections between <a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Neptune" title="Rings of Neptune">Neptune's rings</a>, arcs, surface <a href="/wiki/Weathering" title="Weathering">weathering</a>, and small <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">moons</a>?</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_concept">Mission concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mission concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg/220px-2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg/330px-2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg/440px-2021_Neptune_Odyssey_schematic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="749" /></a><figcaption>Schematic of the proposed Neptune Odyssey probe</figcaption></figure> <p>The present proposal targets a launch in 2033 using the <a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">Space Launch System</a> and a 16-year cruise directly to Neptune, with launch windows yearly during the 2030s. The cruise could be shortened to 12 years with a <a href="/wiki/Gravity_assist" title="Gravity assist">gravity assist</a> at Jupiter, but this would require launch prior to 2032. A 220 kg (490 lb) atmospheric probe will be released from the orbiter before orbital insertion at Neptune and descend for around 37 minutes into Neptune's atmosphere to study its composition, dynamics, and processes, sending data at least until reaching a pressure of 10 <a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">bars</a>. After achieving Neptune orbit, the orbiter will conduct at least 46 flybys of Triton over the four-year main science phase, achieving near-global coverage of the moon while simultaneously studying Neptune and other moons. The orbiter would then orbit progressively closer to Neptune and its rings on a "Grand Finale" similar to the <a href="/wiki/Cassini_retirement" title="Cassini retirement">Grand Finale of <i>Cassini</i></a> and eventually be destroyed in Neptune's atmosphere for <a href="/wiki/Planetary_protection" title="Planetary protection">planetary protection</a> purposes. </p><p>The current proposal does not include a Triton <a href="/wiki/Lander_(spacecraft)" title="Lander (spacecraft)">lander</a>. Both a static lander similar to the <i><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)">Huygens</a></i> probe to <a href="/wiki/Titan_(moon)" title="Titan (moon)">Titan</a> and an <a href="/wiki/Impactor_(spacecraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Impactor (spacecraft)">impactor</a> that would release surface material for direct study by the orbiter were considered.<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, due to the incomplete knowledge of Triton's surface, risk of the close approach to Triton that an impactor would require, and priority of the atmospheric probe with respect to payload limitations, a lander is not presently part of the mission concept. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orbiter_instruments">Orbiter instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Orbiter instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The orbiter is proposed to carry 14 scientific instruments.<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Instrument</th> <th>Heritage Instrument</th> <th>Heritage Mission </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_magnetometer" title="Spacecraft magnetometer">Magnetometer</a> </td> <td>MESSENGER Magnetometer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MESSENGER" title="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Color Narrow-Angle Camera </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_Range_Reconnaissance_Imager" title="Long Range Reconnaissance Imager">Long Range Reconnaissance Imager</a> (LORRI) </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alice_(spacecraft_instrument)" title="Alice (spacecraft instrument)">Alice</a> </td> <td><i>New Horizons</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ion_and_Neutral_Mass_Spectrometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer">Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer</a> </td> <td><i>Cassini</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Laser Altimeter </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Laser_Altimeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury Laser Altimeter">Mercury Laser Altimeter</a> </td> <td>MESSENGER </td></tr> <tr> <td>Visible-Near Infrared Imaging Spectrometer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_(New_Horizons)" title="Ralph (New Horizons)">Ralph</a> </td> <td><i>New Horizons</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Radio and Plasma Wave Detector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Waves_(Juno)" title="Waves (Juno)">Waves</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Juno_(spacecraft)" title="Juno (spacecraft)">Juno</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Thermal Infrared Imager </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diviner" title="Diviner">Diviner</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Microwave Radiometer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Microwave_Radiometer_(Juno)" title="Microwave Radiometer (Juno)">Microwave Radiometer</a> </td> <td><i>Juno</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Thermal Plasma Spectrometer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jovian_Auroral_Distributions_Experiment" title="Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment">Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment</a> (JADE) </td> <td><i>Juno</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Energetic Charged Particle Detector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/EPI-Lo" class="mw-redirect" title="EPI-Lo">EPI-Lo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parker_Solar_Probe" title="Parker Solar Probe">Parker Solar Probe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Energetic Neutral Atom Imager </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Mapping_and_Acceleration_Probe#IMAP-Ultra" title="Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe">IMAP-Ultra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Mapping_and_Acceleration_Probe" title="Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe">Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dust Detector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Mapping_and_Acceleration_Probe#Interstellar_Dust_Experiment_(IDEX)" title="Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe">Interstellar Dust Experiment (IDEX)</a> </td> <td>Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Engagement Camera (visible) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Comet_Infrared_and_Visible_Analyser" class="mw-redirect" title="Comet Infrared and Visible Analyser">Comet Infrared and Visible Analyser</a> (CIVA) </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(spacecraft)" title="Rosetta (spacecraft)">Rosetta</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Atmospheric_probe_instruments">Atmospheric probe instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Atmospheric probe instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The atmospheric probe is proposed to carry 8 scientific instruments.<sup id="cite_ref-Concept_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Instrument</th> <th>Heritage Instrument</th> <th>Heritage Mission </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mass_Spectrometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass Spectrometer">Mass Spectrometer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)#Gas_Chromatograph_Mass_Spectrometer_(GC/MS)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)"><i>Huygens</i> mass spectrometer</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)">Huygens</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Atmospheric Structure Instrument </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)#Huygens_Atmospheric_Structure_Instrument_(HASI)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)"><i>Huygens</i> Atmospheric Structure Instrument</a> (HASI) </td> <td><i>Huygens</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Helium Abundance Detector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(spacecraft)#Scientific_instruments" title="Galileo (spacecraft)"><i>Galileo</i> probe Helium Abundance Detector</a> </td> <td><i>Galileo</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ortho-Para H<sub>2</sub> Detector </td> <td><i>(in development)</i><sup id="cite_ref-icegiants_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icegiants-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>none </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nephelometer" title="Nephelometer">Nephelometer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(spacecraft)#Scientific_instruments" title="Galileo (spacecraft)"><i>Galileo</i> probe Nephelometer</a> </td> <td><i>Galileo</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Net Flux <a href="/wiki/Radiometer" title="Radiometer">Radiometer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(spacecraft)#Scientific_instruments" title="Galileo (spacecraft)"><i>Galileo</i> probe net-flux radiometer</a> </td> <td><i>Galileo</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Doppler Wind Experiment </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)#Doppler_Wind_Experiment_(DWE)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)"><i>Huygens</i> Doppler Wind Experiment</a> (DWE) </td> <td><i>Huygens</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Engagement Camera </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Philae_(spacecraft)#Instruments" title="Philae (spacecraft)"><i>Philae</i> camera</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Philae_(spacecraft)" title="Philae (spacecraft)">Philae</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Concept-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concept_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAbigail_RymerBrenda_ClydeKirby_Runyon2020" class="citation web cs1">Abigail Rymer; Brenda Clyde; Kirby Runyon (August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.nasa.gov/science-pink/s3fs-public/atoms/files/Neptune%20Odyssey.pdf">"Neptune Odyssey: Mission to the Neptune-Triton System"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neptune+Odyssey%3A+Mission+to+the+Neptune-Triton+System&rft.date=2020-08&rft.au=Abigail+Rymer&rft.au=Brenda+Clyde&rft.au=Kirby+Runyon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fscience-pink%2Fs3fs-public%2Fatoms%2Ffiles%2FNeptune%2520Odyssey.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeptune+Odyssey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023decadal-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2023decadal_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023decadal_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023decadal_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26522/origins-worlds-and-life-a-decadal-strategy-for-planetary-science"><i>Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032</i></a> (Prepublication ed.). National Academies Press. 19 January 2023. p. 800. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226%2F26522">10.17226/26522</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-309-47578-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-309-47578-5"><bdi>978-0-309-47578-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248283239">248283239</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins%2C+Worlds%2C+and+Life%3A+A+Decadal+Strategy+for+Planetary+Science+and+Astrobiology+2023-2032&rft.pages=800&rft.edition=Prepublication&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press&rft.date=2023-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A248283239%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17226%2F26522&rft.isbn=978-0-309-47578-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnap.nationalacademies.org%2Fcatalog%2F26522%2Forigins-worlds-and-life-a-decadal-strategy-for-planetary-science&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeptune+Odyssey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Foust-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Foust_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Foust_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoust2022" class="citation news cs1">Foust, Jeff (19 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spacenews.com/planetary-science-decadal-endorses-mars-sample-return-outer-planets-missions/">"Planetary science decadal endorses Mars sample return, outer planets missions"</a>. SpaceNews<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Planetary+science+decadal+endorses+Mars+sample+return%2C+outer+planets+missions&rft.date=2022-04-19&rft.aulast=Foust&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspacenews.com%2Fplanetary-science-decadal-endorses-mars-sample-return-outer-planets-missions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeptune+Odyssey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas_Fiehler_and_Steven_Oleson.2004" class="citation book cs1">Douglas Fiehler and Steven Oleson. (July 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2004-3978">"Neptune Orbiters Utilizing Solar and Radioisotope Electric Propulsion"</a>. <i>40th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Aeronautics_and_Astronautics" title="American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics">American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2514%2F6.2004-3978">10.2514/6.2004-3978</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2060%2F20040139505">2060/20040139505</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62410-037-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62410-037-6"><bdi>978-1-62410-037-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:110384884">110384884</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Assessment Group Fall 2020 Abstract</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/exoplanets2020/presentations/Rymer.pdf">Exoplanets 2020 Presentation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neptune" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;;background:#A0FFAO;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neptune" title="Template:Neptune"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neptune" title="Template talk:Neptune"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neptune" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neptune"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neptune" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Neptune" title="Outline of Neptune">Outline of Neptune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Dark_Spot" title="Great Dark Spot">Great Dark Spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Dark_Spot" title="Small Dark Spot">Small Dark Spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Neptune" title="Rings of Neptune">Rings</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png" class="mw-file-description" title="True color NASA image of Neptune"><img alt="True color NASA image of Neptune" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/100px-Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/150px-Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/200px-Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>True color NASA image of Neptune</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune">Moons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naiad_(moon)" title="Naiad (moon)">Naiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalassa_(moon)" title="Thalassa (moon)">Thalassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despina_(moon)" title="Despina (moon)">Despina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(moon)" title="Galatea (moon)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larissa_(moon)" title="Larissa (moon)">Larissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocamp_(moon)" title="Hippocamp (moon)">Hippocamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus_(moon)" title="Proteus (moon)">Proteus</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid_(moon)" title="Nereid (moon)">Nereid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halimede_(moon)" title="Halimede (moon)">Halimede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sao_(moon)" title="Sao (moon)">Sao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/2002_N_5" title="S/2002 N 5">S/2002 N 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laomedeia" title="Laomedeia">Laomedeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamathe_(moon)" title="Psamathe (moon)">Psamathe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neso_(moon)" title="Neso (moon)">Neso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/2021_N_1" title="S/2021 N 1">S/2021 N 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Astronomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_Neptune" title="Discovery of Neptune">Discovery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier" title="Urbain Le Verrier">Urbain Le Verrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Galle" title="Johann Gottfried Galle">Johann Gottfried Galle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Couch_Adams" title="John Couch Adams">John Couch Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Louis_d%27Arrest" title="Heinrich Louis d'Arrest">Heinrich Louis d'Arrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lassell" title="William Lassell">William Lassell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Neptune-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Neptune-crossing minor planets">Neptune-crossing minor planets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Trojans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/385571_Otrera" title="385571 Otrera">385571 Otrera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/385695_Clete" title="385695 Clete">385695 Clete</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2001_QR322" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 QR322">2001 QR<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">322</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2004_KV18" title="2004 KV18">2004 KV<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">18</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2005_TN53" title="2005 TN53">2005 TN<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">53</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_RJ103" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 RJ103">2006 RJ<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">103</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_VL305" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 VL305">2007 VL<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">305</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_LC18" title="2008 LC18">2008 LC<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">18</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_HM102" title="2011 HM102">2011 HM<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">102</span></span></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Neptune" title="Exploration of Neptune">Exploration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i> <small>(1989 flyby)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shensuo_(spacecraft)" title="Shensuo (spacecraft)">Shensuo</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neptune Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ODINUS" title="ODINUS">ODINUS</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triton_Hopper" title="Triton Hopper">Triton Hopper</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trident_(spacecraft)" title="Trident (spacecraft)">Trident</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not selected</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo_(NASA_spacecraft)" title="Argo (NASA spacecraft)">Argo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_Mark_II" title="Mariner Mark II">Mariner Mark II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons_2" title="New Horizons 2">New Horizons 2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_in_fiction" title="Neptune in fiction">Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_(mythology)" title="Neptune (mythology)">Mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Neptune" title="Category:Neptune">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Triton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Triton_(moon)" title="Template:Triton (moon)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Triton_(moon)" title="Template talk:Triton (moon)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Triton_(moon)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Triton (moon)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Triton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Triton" title="Atmosphere of Triton">Atmosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Triton" title="Climate of Triton">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Triton" title="Geology of Triton">Geology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_geological_features_on_Triton" title="List of geological features on Triton">features</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bubembe Regio</li> <li>Monad Regio</li> <li>Uhlanga Regio</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cryovolcanism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cipango_Planum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cipango Planum (page does not exist)">Cipango Planum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilolo_Patera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilolo Patera (page does not exist)">Dilolo Patera</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kibu_Patera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kibu Patera (page does not exist)">Kibu Patera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leviathan_Patera" title="Leviathan Patera">Leviathan Patera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruach_Planitia" title="Ruach Planitia">Ruach Planitia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuonela_Planitia" title="Tuonela Planitia">Tuonela Planitia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Faults</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kraken_Catena" title="Kraken Catena">Kraken Catena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_Catena" title="Set Catena">Set Catena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slidr_Sulci" title="Slidr Sulci">Slidr Sulci</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Craters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amarum_(crater)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amarum (crater) (page does not exist)">Amarum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Triton#Cantaloupe_terrain" title="Geology of Triton">Cantaloupe terrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Triton#Polar_caps" title="Geology of Triton">Polar caps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Triton#South_polar_plumes" title="Geology of Triton">Plumes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Triton-usgs23-with-frame.jpg/120px-Triton-usgs23-with-frame.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Triton-usgs23-with-frame.jpg/180px-Triton-usgs23-with-frame.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Triton-usgs23-with-frame.jpg/240px-Triton-usgs23-with-frame.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="5000" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Astronomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)#Discovery_and_naming" title="Triton (moon)">Discovery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Lassell" title="William Lassell">William Lassell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Triton" title="Capture of Triton">Capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet#Former_dwarf_planets" title="Dwarf planet">Former dwarf planets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exploration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voyager_program" title="Voyager program">Voyager program</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;">Planned and<br />proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neptune Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shensuo_(spacecraft)" title="Shensuo (spacecraft)">Shensuo program</a> <ul><li>IHP-2</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trident_(spacecraft)" title="Trident (spacecraft)">Trident</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triton_Hopper" title="Triton Hopper">Triton Hopper</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: right;">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Argo_(NASA_spacecraft)" title="Argo (NASA spacecraft)">Argo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons_2" title="New Horizons 2">New Horizons 2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_in_fiction#Triton" title="Neptune in fiction">In fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(mythology)" title="Triton (mythology)">In mythology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&oldid=1221586870">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neptune_Odyssey&oldid=1221586870</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Proposed_NASA_space_probes" title="Category:Proposed NASA space probes">Proposed NASA space probes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Missions_to_Neptune" title="Category:Missions to Neptune">Missions to Neptune</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Orbiters_(space_probe)" 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