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href="/wiki/Atari:Hezkuntza/Ikusgela"><span>Ikusgela</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Txokoa" title="Proiektuaren inguruan, zer egin dezakezu, non aurkitu nahi duzuna"><span>Txokoa</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:AzkenAldaketak" title="Wikiko azken aldaketen zerrenda. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Aldaketa berriak</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:Ausazkoa" title="Ausazko orrialde bat kargatu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ausazko orria</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" title="Aurkitzeko lekua."><span>Laguntza</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Azala" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Entziklopedia askea" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eu.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:Bilatu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Bilatu</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" aria-label="Wikipedia wikian bilatu" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia(e)n bilatu [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Berezi:Bilatu"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Bilatu</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itxura"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itxura" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itxura</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu" class=""><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Lotura+ioniko" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea." class=""><span>Sortu kontua</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Lotura+ioniko" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Hasi saioa</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tresna pertsonalak</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu"><span>Dohaintza egin</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Lotura+ioniko" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Sortu kontua</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Lotura+ioniko" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Hasi saioa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi"><span>gehiago ikasi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Ekarpenak</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Eztabaida</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ezkutatu</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">⇑ Gora</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Lotura_ionikoaren_eraketa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lotura_ionikoaren_eraketa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Lotura ionikoaren eraketa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lotura_ionikoaren_eraketa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Propietateak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Propietateak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Propietateak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Propietateak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sare-energia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sare-energia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sare-energia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sare-energia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Eduki-taula" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lotura ioniko</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 81 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">81 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniese_binding" title="Ioniese binding – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ioniese binding" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%AE%E1%8A%92%E1%8A%AD_%E1%89%A6%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="አዮኒክ ቦንድ – amharera" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አዮኒክ ቦንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlace_ionico" title="Enlace ionico – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Enlace ionico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="رابطة أيونية – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رابطة أيونية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enllaz_i%C3%B3nicu" title="Enllaz iónicu – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enllaz iónicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0on_rabit%C9%99si" title="İon rabitəsi – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İon rabitəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Іонная сувязь – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іонная сувязь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Йонна връзка – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йонна връзка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A8" title="আয়নিক বন্ধন – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আয়নিক বন্ধন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionska_veza" title="Ionska veza – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ionska veza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlla%C3%A7_i%C3%B2nic" title="Enllaç iònic – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enllaç iònic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AA-c%E1%B9%B3%CC%84-gi%C3%B4ng" title="Liê-cṳ̄-giông – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Liê-cṳ̄-giông" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بەندی ئایۆنی – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەندی ئایۆنی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iontov%C3%A1_vazba" title="Iontová vazba – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Iontová vazba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0_%C3%A7%D1%8B%D1%85%C4%83%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Ионла çыхăну – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ионла çыхăну" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_%C3%AFonig" title="Bond ïonig – galesa" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bond ïonig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionbinding" title="Ionbinding – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ionbinding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionische_Bindung" title="Ionische Bindung – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ionische Bindung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ετεροπολικός δεσμός – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ετεροπολικός δεσμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_bonding" title="Ionic bonding – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ionic bonding" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jona_ligo" title="Jona ligo – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jona ligo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlace_i%C3%B3nico" title="Enlace iónico – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enlace iónico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iooniline_side" title="Iooniline side – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Iooniline side" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پیوند یونی – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیوند یونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisidos" title="Ionisidos – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ionisidos" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liaison_ionique" title="Liaison ionique – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liaison ionique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nascadh_ianach" title="Nascadh ianach – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nascadh ianach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlace_i%C3%B3nico" title="Enlace iónico – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enlace iónico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiangley_eeaneagh" title="Kiangley eeaneagh – manxera" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Kiangley eeaneagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%A8_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="קשר יוני – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קשר יוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="आयनी आबन्ध – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयनी आबन्ध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionska_veza" title="Ionska veza – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ionska veza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionos_k%C3%B6t%C3%A9s" title="Ionos kötés – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ionos kötés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA" title="Իոնային կապ – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իոնային կապ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_ionik" title="Ikatan ionik – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ikatan ionik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3natengi" title="Jónatengi – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jónatengi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legame_ionico" title="Legame ionico – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Legame ionico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E7%B5%90%E5%90%88" title="イオン結合 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イオン結合" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="იონური ბმა – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იონური ბმა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_baylan%C4%B1s%C4%B1w" title="Ion baylanısıw – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ion baylanısıw" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Иондық байланыс – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Иондық байланыс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A8_%EA%B2%B0%ED%95%A9" title="이온 결합 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이온 결합" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Иондук байланыш – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Иондук байланыш" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joninis_ry%C5%A1ys" title="Joninis ryšys – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Joninis ryšys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonu_saite" title="Jonu saite – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jonu saite" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Јонска врска – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јонска врска" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="അയോണിക ബന്ധനം – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അയോണിക ബന്ധനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9A%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%A0_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ – manipurera" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7" title="आयनिक बंध – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आयनिक बंध" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikatan_ionik" title="Ikatan ionik – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ikatan ionik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="အိုင်ယွန်စည်း – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အိုင်ယွန်စည်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionaire_binding" title="Ionaire binding – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ionaire binding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionebinding" title="Ionebinding – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ionebinding" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionebinding" title="Ionebinding – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ionebinding" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligam_ionic" title="Ligam ionic – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ligam ionic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidhoo_ayoonii" title="Hidhoo ayoonii – oromoera" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Hidhoo ayoonii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi%C4%85zanie_jonowe" title="Wiązanie jonowe – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wiązanie jonowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%91" title="آئنی جوڑ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آئنی جوڑ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_i%C3%B4nica" title="Ligação iônica – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ligação iônica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leg%C4%83tur%C4%83_ionic%C4%83" title="Legătură ionică – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Legătură ionică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Ионная связь – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ионная связь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Йонова вязба – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Йонова вязба" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonska_veza" title="Jonska veza – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jonska veza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%B1" title="අයනික බන්ධන – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අයනික බන්ධන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_bond" title="Ionic bond – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ionic bond" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B3nov%C3%A1_v%C3%A4zba" title="Iónová väzba – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Iónová väzba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionska_vez" title="Ionska vez – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ionska vez" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidhja_jonike" title="Lidhja jonike – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lidhja jonike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Јонска веза – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јонска веза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonbindning" title="Jonbindning – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jonbindning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="அயனிப் பிணைப்பு – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அயனிப் பிணைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="พันธะไอออนิก – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พันธะไอออนิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0yonik_ba%C4%9F" title="İyonik bağ – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İyonik bağ" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%27%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Іонний зв'язок – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іонний зв'язок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_bog%CA%BBlanish" title="Ion bogʻlanish – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ion bogʻlanish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_ion" title="Liên kết ion – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên kết ion" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="离子键 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="离子键" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%94%AE" title="离子键 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="离子键" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E9%8D%B5" title="離子鍵 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="離子鍵" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%AB-ch%C3%BA_kiat-ha%CC%8Dp" title="Lī-chú kiat-ha̍p – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lī-chú kiat-ha̍p" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E9%8D%B5" title="離子鍵 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="離子鍵" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62500#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Izen-tarteak"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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title="Artikulu hau "Kalitatezko 2.000 artikulu 12-16 urteko ikasleentzat" proiektuaren parte da"><img alt="Artikulu hau "Kalitatezko 2.000 artikulu 12-16 urteko ikasleentzat" proiektuaren parte da" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/19px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/28px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png/38px-Hezkuntza_Programa_12-16_ikonoa.png 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="794" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg/220px-NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg/330px-NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg/440px-NaCl-Obtenci%C3%B3n-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>Lotura ionikoaren eskema <a href="/wiki/Sodio_kloruro" title="Sodio kloruro">sodio kloruroan</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lotura ionikoa</b> <a href="/wiki/Elementu_kimiko" title="Elementu kimiko">elementu kimikoen</a> artean sortzen diren lau <a href="/wiki/Lotura_kimiko" title="Lotura kimiko">lotura kimiko</a> moten arteko bat da. Bertan, <a href="/wiki/Elektronegatibotasun" title="Elektronegatibotasun">elektronegatiboagoak</a> diren elementuek elektropositiboagoen elektroiak erakartzen dituzte beraien ingurura, bereganatu arte, hala, gehienetan, <a href="/wiki/Zortzikotearen_arau" title="Zortzikotearen arau">zortzikotearen araua</a> betetzen dute<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lotura ionikoa <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ez-metal" title="Ez-metal">ez-metalen</a> artean gertatu ohi da, izan ere, metalak, elementu elektropositibo gisa jardun eta ez metal elektronegatiboari elektroi kopuru jakin bat ematen dio. Elektroi truke honen bidez eta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indar_elektrostatiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indar elektrostatiko (sortu gabe)">indar elektrostatikoa</a> baliatuz, <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristal</a> edo sare ionikoak sortzen dira, non karga desberdinetako elementuek elkar erakartzen duten.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lotura_ionikoaren_eraketa">Lotura ionikoaren eraketa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lotura ionikoaren eraketa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Lotura ionikoaren eraketa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lehen aipatu dugun modura, lotura ionikoak bi osagai behar ditu: elektropositiboki jardungo duen elementua (metala) eta elektronegatiboa (ez-metala). <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">Atomo</a> elektronegatiboak irabaziko du bestearen <a href="/wiki/Elektroi" title="Elektroi">elektroia</a>, loturei dagokienean elektroiak bereganatzeko joera edo ahalmen handiagoa duelako. Elementu elektronegatiboenak <a href="/wiki/Taula_periodikoa" title="Taula periodikoa">taula periodikoaren</a> eskuinean eta goian aurki ditzakegu, hauek erradio txikia izateaz gain (periodo berdinekoekin alderatuta geruza kopuru murritzagoa dutelako), nukleoan protoi gehiago dituztelako eta beraz, inguruneko elektroiak erakartzeko ahalmen handiagoa. Elektroia irabazi duen atomoa <a href="/wiki/Anioi" title="Anioi">anioia</a> edo karga negatiboduna bihurtuko da, aldiz, elektroia galdu duena <a href="/wiki/Katioi" title="Katioi">katioia</a> edo karga positibokoa. Aurkako kargak elkar erakartzen direnez, lotura bat eratuko da, baina lotura honek, <a href="/wiki/Lotura_kobalente" title="Lotura kobalente">kobalentean</a> bezala, <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekulak</a> eratu beharrean, kristal edo sare ionikoak eratuko ditu, atomo kopuru handi batez osaturiko egiturak.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lotura ionikoa duten konposatuek indar elektrostatikoen bidez lotutako sare kristalino bat eratzen dute, non anioiak eta katioiak txandakatzen diren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Propietateak">Propietateak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Propietateak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Propietateak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png/220px-Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png/330px-Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png/440px-Sodium-chloride-3D-ionic.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="948" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gatza" class="mw-disambig" title="Gatza">NaCl</a> <a href="/wiki/Gatz_bitar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatz bitar">gatz bitarraren</a> irudikapen molekularra hiru dimentsiotan. Ikusten den bezala, sare ionikoa eratzean katioi zein anioiak esturik loturik daude, gogortasuna emanez egiturari.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lotura ionikoa duten konposatuen propietateak hurrengoak dira:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solido" title="Solido">Solidoak</a> dira eta beraz, gogorrak. Hala ere, hauskorrak direla esaten dugu, edozein kolperen aurrean hausteko joera dutelako. Kristal edo sare ioniko oro katioi eta anioien txandakatzeek osatzen dutela esan dugu, hau da, katioi baten ondoan zenbait anioi daudela eta alderantziz. Kolpe batek orden hori hautsi lezake eta adibidez, karga positiboko hainbat atomo elkartu. Karga berdineko partikulak elkarrengandik alderatzen direnez, kasu honetan ere berdina gertatu liteke eta hala, egitura osoa edo zati bat hautsi.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urtze-puntu" title="Urtze-puntu">Urtze-</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Lurruntze-puntu" class="mw-redirect" title="Lurruntze-puntu">lurruntze-puntu</a> altuak dituzte, <a href="/wiki/Materiaren_egoera" title="Materiaren egoera">agregazio egoera</a> batetik bestera igarotzeko, sare ionikoak bere egiturari eusteko eragiten duen <a href="/wiki/Sare-energia" title="Sare-energia">sare-energia</a> gainditu behar delako.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disolbatzaile" title="Disolbatzaile">Disolbatzaile</a> polarretan disolbatzen dira, hala nola, <a href="/wiki/Ur" title="Ur">uretan</a>. Disolbatzaile polarrek, positibo edo negatibo izan, sare ionikoa eratzen dituzten elementuak erakarri ditzaketelako, baldin eta hauen indarra sare energia baino handiagoa bada.</li> <li>Solido egoeran ez dira <a href="/wiki/Intentsitate_elektriko" title="Intentsitate elektriko">korronte elektrikoaren</a> eroaleak. Substantzia bat eroalea izan dadin, elektroiek bere barnetik aske ibiltzeko aukera izan behar dute, hau ez da gertatzen lotura ionikoen bidez sortutako konposatuetan, solidoak direnean.</li> <li>Urtuak edo disolbatuak daudenean <a href="/wiki/Eroale_elektriko" title="Eroale elektriko">korronte elektrikoaren eroale</a> onak dira. Solidoak direnean ez bezala, likido eta gas egoeretan ez dituzte leku hain finkoak kristalaren barnean eta beraz, elektroiak askeago ibili daitezke.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sare-energia">Sare-energia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Sare-energia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sare-energia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sare-energia" title="Sare-energia">Sare-energia</a> kristal ionikoen barnean aurki daitekeen energia da.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Energia honi esker aipatutako kristalak edo sareak egonkor mantentzen dira eta konposatua osatzen duten katioi eta anioien artean eragiten den erakarpen indarra adierazten du. Jarraian ageri den formularen bidez azaldu daiteke:<br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle U_{0}=-{\frac {N_{\rm {A}}\cdot A\cdot Z^{+}\cdot Z^{-}\cdot q^{2}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}\cdot d_{0}}}\cdot \left(1-{\frac {1}{n}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>π</mi> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋅</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>−</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>n</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle U_{0}=-{\frac {N_{\rm {A}}\cdot A\cdot Z^{+}\cdot Z^{-}\cdot q^{2}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}\cdot d_{0}}}\cdot \left(1-{\frac {1}{n}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1b021f1083d9e322fee90af32ae8aec2be5be563" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:40.081ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle U_{0}=-{\frac {N_{\rm {A}}\cdot A\cdot Z^{+}\cdot Z^{-}\cdot q^{2}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}\cdot d_{0}}}\cdot \left(1-{\frac {1}{n}}\right)}"></span> </p><p>Non <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle N_{a}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle N_{a}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/51e35e0d32883d0f4f6ba9d15fbbdebe42931253" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.968ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle N_{a}}"></span> <a href="/wiki/Avogadroren_zenbakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Avogadroren zenbakia">Avogadroren zenbakia</a> den, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}"></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madelung-en_konstantea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madelung-en konstantea (sortu gabe)">Madelung-en konstantea</a>, konposatu ionikoaren egituraren araberakoa dena, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Z^{+}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Z^{+}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bcf3750df54b7f96900e276ce82d50b0b1cdb58a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Z^{+}}"></span> katioiaren karga y <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Z^{-}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Z^{-}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/285a31a98d832ad48547dca152a18f49082b6003" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Z^{-}}"></span> anioiaren karga, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>q</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/06809d64fa7c817ffc7e323f85997f783dbdf71d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.07ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q}"></span> elektroiaren karga, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/acb0a8377db20e42274444cb181d51b5532b5844" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varepsilon _{0}}"></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutsaren_permitibitatea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hutsaren permitibitatea (sortu gabe)">hutsaren permitibitatea</a>, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle d_{0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle d_{0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4740381c16ea98c4132510daa642e93c1e42c049" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.263ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle d_{0}}"></span> anioiaren eta katioiaren arteko distantzia eta <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Bornen</a> berretzaileak.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sare energia konposatu ionikoa osatzen duten partikulen kargaren eta erradioaren araberakoa da, besteak beste. Karga elektrikoa zenbat eta handiagoa izan, orduan eta sare-energia altuagoa izango du konposatuak eta beraz, egonkortasun handiagoa, disolbagarritasun txikiagoa eta irakite zein urtze puntu altuagoak. Aldiz, atomoen erradioak zenbat eta handiagoak izan, orduan eta sare-energia txikiagoa izango du konposatu ionikoak, aurrez aipatutako ondorioen kontrakoak eraginez.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"> <i>Fisika eta kimika. </i> Zubia, 133 or. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788491084143" title="Berezi:BookSources/9788491084143">9788491084143</a>.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"> <i>Fisika eta kimika. </i> Zubia, 135 or. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788491084143" title="Berezi:BookSources/9788491084143">9788491084143</a>.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rafamunoa.wordpress.com/tag/sare-energia/"><i>sare-energia – Zientziaren Edukiak eta Metodologiak. </i></a> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-12-18)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> <span style="cursor: help; font-size: 90%; font-family: bold; color: gray" title="Gaztelaniaz dago aipu honen iturburua"><b>(Gaztelaniaz)</b></span></span> <span class="citation"> <a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Energ%C3%ADa_reticular&oldid=107242198"><i>Energía reticular. </i></a> 2018-04-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-12-18)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation"><i>lauaxeta.files.wordpress.com</i> <span class="reference-accessdate"><small>(Noiz kontsultatua: 2018-12-18)</small></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"> <i>Fisika eta kimika. </i> Zubia, 134 or. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788491084143" title="Berezi:BookSources/9788491084143">9788491084143</a>.</span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lotura_kobalente" title="Lotura kobalente">Lotura kobalentea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotura_metaliko" title="Lotura metaliko">Lotura metalikoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika">Kimika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimikaren_historia" title="Kimikaren historia">Kimikaren historia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Taula_periodikoa" title="Taula periodikoa">taula periodikoa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotura_ioniko&veaction=edit&section=6" 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data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q62500">Q62500</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ionic_bond">Ionic bond</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q62500%22">Q62500</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4290337-3">4290337-3</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/ionic-bond">url</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q62500">Q62500</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ionic_bond">Ionic bond</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q62500%22">Q62500</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hiru.eus/eu/quimica/enlaces-entre-atomos">Lotura ionikoari aipamena egiten dion artikulua</a></li></ul>    </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. 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