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Available in 132 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-132" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">132 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/7de_eeu" title="7de eeu – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="7de eeu" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._Jahrhundert" title="7. Jahrhundert – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="7. Jahrhundert" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%E1%8A%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%88%9D%E1%8B%95%E1%89%B0_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%98%E1%89%B5" title="7ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="7ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_7" title="القرن 7 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القرن 7" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglo_VII" title="Sieglo VII – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sieglo VII" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglu_VII" title="Sieglu VII – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sieglu VII" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D1%83" title="VII гӀасру – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="VII гӀасру" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%C9%99sr" title="VII əsr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="VII əsr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B7._%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="۷. یوز ایل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۷. یوز ایل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-7" title="Abad ka-7 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Abad ka-7" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_s%C3%A8-k%C3%AD" title="7 sè-kí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="7 sè-kí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_kaping-7" title="Abad kaping-7 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Abad kaping-7" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="VII стагоддзе – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="VII стагоддзе" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="VII стагодзьдзе – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="VII стагодзьдзе" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="7 век – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="7 век" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._Joarhundad" title="7. Joarhundad – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="7. Joarhundad" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._vijek" title="7. vijek – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="7. vijek" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIIvet_kantved" title="VIIvet kantved – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="VIIvet kantved" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segle_VII" title="Segle VII – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Segle VII" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%C4%95%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80" title="VII ĕмĕр – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="VII ĕмĕр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._stolet%C3%AD" title="7. století – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="7. století" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/7fed_ganrif" title="7fed ganrif – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="7fed ganrif" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._%C3%A5rhundrede" title="7. århundrede – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="7. århundrede" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._Jahrhundert" title="7. Jahrhundert – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="7. Jahrhundert" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._sajand" title="7. sajand – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="7. sajand" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="7ος αιώνας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="7ος αιώνας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_s%C3%A9col" title="VII sécol – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="VII sécol" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="VII пинге – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="VII пинге" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_VII" title="Siglo VII – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siglo VII" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-a_jarcento" title="7-a jarcento – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="7-a jarcento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigru_VII" title="Sigru VII – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sigru VII" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII._mendea" title="VII. mendea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="VII. mendea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%85_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="سده هفتم میلادی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سده هفتم میلادی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._%C3%B8ld" title="7. øld – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="7. øld" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIe siècle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="VIIe siècle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/7e_iuw" title="7e iuw – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="7e iuw" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%C3%BA_haois" title="7ú haois – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="7ú haois" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/7mh_Linn" title="7mh Linn – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="7mh Linn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_VII" title="Século VII – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Século VII" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="7世紀 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="7世紀" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="7세기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="7세기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="7-րդ դար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="7-րդ դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="सातवीं शताब्दी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सातवीं शताब्दी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._stolje%C4%87e" title="7. stoljeće – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="7. stoljeće" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/7ma_yarcento" title="7ma yarcento – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="7ma yarcento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-7" title="Abad ke-7 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abad ke-7" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seculo_7" title="Seculo 7 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Seculo 7" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._%C3%B6ldin" title="7. öldin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="7. öldin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_secolo" title="VII secolo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="VII secolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-7" title="המאה ה-7 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המאה ה-7" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ping_7" title="Abad ping 7 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Abad ping 7" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="VII საუკუნე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="VII საუკუნე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="VII ғасыр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="VII ғасыр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/7ves_kansblydhen" title="7ves kansblydhen – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="7ves kansblydhen" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karne_ya_7" title="Karne ya 7 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Karne ya 7" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-eafa_decemda" title="7-eafa decemda – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="7-eafa decemda" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedsala_7an" title="Sedsala 7an – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sedsala 7an" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeculum_7" title="Saeculum 7 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saeculum 7" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._gadsimts" title="7. gadsimts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="7. gadsimts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._Joerhonnert" title="7. Joerhonnert – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="7. Joerhonnert" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="VII виш йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="VII виш йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_am%C5%BEius" title="VII amžius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="VII amžius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_secolo" title="VII secolo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="VII secolo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zevende_iew" title="Zevende iew – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zevende iew" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentenio_7" title="Sentenio 7 – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sentenio 7" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9cul_VII" title="Sécul VII – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sécul VII" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._sz%C3%A1zad" title="7. század – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="7. század" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="7 век – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="7 век" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautau_7" title="Rautau 7 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rautau 7" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%AD_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.चे ७ वे शतक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.चे ७ वे शतक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="VII ოშწანურა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="VII ოშწანურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="القرن السابع – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="القرن السابع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-7" title="Abad ke-7 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abad ke-7" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_si%C3%A9-g%C4%AB" title="7 sié-gī – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="7 sié-gī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%87_%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="၇ ရာစုနှစ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၇ ရာစုနှစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macuilpohualxihuitl_VII" title="Macuilpohualxihuitl VII – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Macuilpohualxihuitl VII" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/7e_eeuw" title="7e eeuw – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="7e eeuw" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/7e_eeuw" title="7e eeuw – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="7e eeuw" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="7世紀 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="7世紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_seculo" title="VII seculo – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="VII seculo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%B1%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BE" title="VII бӀешо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="VII бӀешо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._juarhunert" title="7. juarhunert – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="7. juarhunert" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._%C3%A5rhundre" title="7. århundre – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="7. århundre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/600-talet" title="600-talet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="600-talet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/VIIe_s." title="VIIe s. – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="VIIe s." data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_VII" title="Sègle VII – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sègle VII" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="VII курым – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="VII курым" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_asr" title="VII asr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="VII asr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="ستويں صدی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ستويں صدی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._Johrhunnert" title="7. Johrhunnert – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="7. Johrhunnert" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_wiek" title="VII wiek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="VII wiek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_VII" title="Século VII – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Século VII" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secolul_al_VII-lea" title="Secolul al VII-lea – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Secolul al VII-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_%C3%B1iqin_pachakwata" title="7 ñiqin pachakwata – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="7 ñiqin pachakwata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII._%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0" title="VII. стороча – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="VII. стороча" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="VII век – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="VII век" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="VII үйэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="VII үйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._Jierhunnert" title="7. Jierhunnert – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="7. Jierhunnert" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngwagakgolo_7" title="Ngwagakgolo 7 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Ngwagakgolo 7" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekulli_VII" title="Shekulli VII – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shekulli VII" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8culu_VII" title="Sèculu VII – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sèculu VII" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%83" title="7 වන සියවස – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="7 වන සියවස" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/7th_century" title="7th century – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="7th century" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._storo%C4%8Die" title="7. storočie – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="7. storočie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._stoletje" title="7. stoletje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="7. stoletje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%85" title="سەدەی حەوتەم – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەدەی حەوتەم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="7. век – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="7. век" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._vijek" title="7. vijek – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="7. vijek" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-7" title="Abad ka-7 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Abad ka-7" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/600-luku" title="600-luku – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="600-luku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/600-talet" title="600-talet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="600-talet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-7_dantaon" title="Ika-7 dantaon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ika-7 dantaon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="7-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="7-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="VII гасыр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="VII гасыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%82%81%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87_7" title="ပီႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပီႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_7" title="คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 7 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 7" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8_VII" title="Садаи VII – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садаи VII" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l" title="7. yüzyıl – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="7. yüzyıl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-nji_asyr" title="7-nji asyr – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="7-nji asyr" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F" title="VII століття – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="VII століття" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="ساتویں صدی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ساتویں صدی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/VII_seco%C5%82o" title="VII secoło – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="VII secoło" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_7" title="Thế kỷ 7 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế kỷ 7" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/7._aastagasada" title="7. aastagasada – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="7. aastagasada" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/7inme_sieke" title="7inme sieke – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="7inme sieke" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-7_nga_gatostuig" title="Ika-7 nga gatostuig – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ika-7 nga gatostuig" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="7世纪 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="7世纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%99%22%D7%94" title="7טער י"ה – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="7טער י"ה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="7世紀 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="7世紀" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">One hundred years, from 601 to 700</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/1st_millennium" title="1st millennium">1st millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_century" title="6th century">6th century</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">7th century</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_century" title="8th century">8th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Timelines</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_century#Events" title="6th century">6th century</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Events">7th century</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_century#Events" title="8th century">8th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> State leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_6th_century" title="List of state leaders in the 6th century">6th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_7th_century" title="List of state leaders in the 7th century">7th century</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_8th_century" title="List of state leaders in the 8th century">8th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/600s_(decade)" title="600s (decade)">600s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/610s" title="610s">610s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/620s" title="620s">620s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/630s" title="630s">630s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/640s" title="640s">640s</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/650s" title="650s">650s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/660s" title="660s">660s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/670s" title="670s">670s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/680s" title="680s">680s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/690s" title="690s">690s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Categories:</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_births" title="Category:7th-century births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_deaths" title="Category:7th-century deaths">Deaths</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_establishments" title="Category:7th-century establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_disestablishments" title="Category:7th-century disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Centurybox" title="Template:Centurybox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Centurybox" title="Template talk:Centurybox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Centurybox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Centurybox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East-Hem_600ad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/East-Hem_600ad.jpg/300px-East-Hem_600ad.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/East-Hem_600ad.jpg/450px-East-Hem_600ad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/East-Hem_600ad.jpg/600px-East-Hem_600ad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="1903" /></a><figcaption>Eastern Hemisphere at the beginning of the 7th century.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East-Hem_700ad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/East-Hem_700ad.jpg/300px-East-Hem_700ad.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/East-Hem_700ad.jpg/450px-East-Hem_700ad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/East-Hem_700ad.jpg/600px-East-Hem_700ad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="1903" /></a><figcaption>Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 7th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>7th century</b> is the period from <a href="/wiki/601" title="601">601</a> through <a href="/wiki/700" title="700">700</a> in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Era">Christian Era</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam" title="Spread of Islam">spread of Islam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Muslim conquests</a> began with the unification of Arabia by the Islamic prophet <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> starting in 622. After Muhammad's death in 632, Islam expanded beyond the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a> (632–661) and the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a> (661–750). The <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Persia" title="Muslim conquest of Persia">Muslim conquest of Persia</a> in the 7th century led to the downfall of the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a>. Also conquered during the 7th century were <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Armenia" title="Muslim conquest of Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Egypt">Egypt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_the_Maghreb" title="Muslim conquest of the Maghreb">North Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> suffered setbacks during the rapid expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphate</a> and a mass incursion of Slavs in the Balkans which reduced its territorial limits. The decisive victory at the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(674%E2%80%93678)" title="Siege of Constantinople (674–678)">Siege of Constantinople</a> in the 670s led the empire to retain <a href="/wiki/Asia-Minor" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Minor">Asia Minor</a>, which ensured the existence of the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>, the 7th century was known as the <i>Siglo de Concilios</i> (century of councils) referring to the <a href="/wiki/Councils_of_Toledo" title="Councils of Toledo">Councils of Toledo</a>. <a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbria</a> established dominance in the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a> from <a href="/wiki/Mercia" title="Mercia">Mercia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Lombards</a> maintained its hold in most of Italy. </p><p>In China, the <a href="/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui dynasty</a> was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a>, which set up its military bases from Korea to Central Asia. China began to reach its height. <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> allied itself with the Tang dynasty, subjugating <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> and defeating Goguryeo to unite the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean Peninsula">Korean Peninsula</a> under one ruler. The <a href="/wiki/Asuka_period" title="Asuka period">Asuka period</a> persisted in Japan throughout the 7th century. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">Harsha</a> united Northern India, which had reverted to small republics and states after the fall of the <a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a> in the 6th century. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_century&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unknown,_Arabia,_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Unknown%2C_Arabia%2C_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Unknown%2C_Arabia%2C_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Unknown%2C_Arabia%2C_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Unknown%2C_Arabia%2C_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Unknown%2C_Arabia%2C_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Unknown%2C_Arabia%2C_late_7th_Century_-_Pages_from_a_Qur%27an_in_Hijazi_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4993" data-file-height="3329" /></a><figcaption>Pages of a late 7th century Quran</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png/220px-Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png/330px-Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png/440px-Sutton_Hoo_helmet_2016.png 2x" data-file-width="1949" data-file-height="2791" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Anglo-Saxon_invasion_and_takeover_of_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Anglo-Saxon invasion and takeover of Britain">Anglo-Saxon</a> <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo_helmet" title="Sutton Hoo helmet">helmet</a> found at <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo" title="Sutton Hoo">Sutton Hoo</a>, probably belonging to <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A6dwald_of_East_Anglia" title="Rædwald of East Anglia">Rædwald of East Anglia</a> circa 625.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Horyu-ji_silk.tiff" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Horyu-ji_silk.tiff/lossless-page1-220px-Horyu-ji_silk.tiff.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Horyu-ji_silk.tiff/lossless-page1-330px-Horyu-ji_silk.tiff.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Horyu-ji_silk.tiff/lossless-page1-440px-Horyu-ji_silk.tiff.png 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>Silk cloth with four horsemen hunting lions, 7th century. <a href="/wiki/Horyu-ji" class="mw-redirect" title="Horyu-ji">Horyu-ji</a> temple, Japan.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">world's population</a> shrinks to about 208 million people. (from 257 million in 200 AD)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxons" title="Anglo-Saxons">Anglo-Saxon</a> <a href="/wiki/Heptarchy" title="Heptarchy">Heptarchy</a> emerges at the beginning of this century or the last in England.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Hoo" title="Sutton Hoo">Sutton Hoo</a> <a href="/wiki/Ship_burial" title="Ship burial">ship burial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_East_Anglia" title="Kingdom of East Anglia">East Anglia</a>, England.</li> <li>Earliest attested <a href="/wiki/English_poetry" title="English poetry">English poetry</a>.</li> <li>The first known Croatian archon <a href="/wiki/Porga_of_Croatia" title="Porga of Croatia">Porga</a> establishes the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Croatia" title="Duchy of Croatia">Duchy of Croatia</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgars</a> arrive in the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a>; establishment of the powerful <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuanzang" title="Xuanzang">Xuanzang</a> traveled from China to India, before returning to <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> in China to translate Buddhist scriptures.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>, China, becomes a major international seaport, hosting maritime travelers from the Middle East, East Africa, India, and South East Asia.</li> <li>The main compound of <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-ji" title="Hōryū-ji">Hōryū-ji</a> temple in <a href="/wiki/Nara_Prefecture" title="Nara Prefecture">Nara</a> is built during the <a href="/wiki/Asuka_period" title="Asuka period">Asuka period</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timgad" title="Timgad">Timgad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, is destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a>.</li> <li>Islam begins in <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia">Arabia</a>; the Quran is documented.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobatia" title="Nobatia">Nobatia</a> annexed by its southern neighbor <a href="/wiki/Makuria" title="Makuria">Makuria</a> sometime before the Arab-Nubian wars.</li> <li>Arab traders penetrate the area of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Chad" title="Lake Chad">Lake Chad</a>.</li> <li>End of sporadic Buddhist rule in the <a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teotihuacan" title="Teotihuacan">Teotihuacan</a> is sacked. The political and religious buildings are burned.</li> <li>The religion of <a href="/wiki/Shugend%C5%8D" title="Shugendō">Shugendō</a> evolves from <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> and other influences in the mountains of Japan.</li> <li>Early 7th century: <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a> enter their present territory, settling in six distinct tribal delimitations.</li> <li>7th and 9th century: Mosaics and side panels above the apse of <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Sant%27Apollinare_in_Classe" title="Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe">Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe</a> are made.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/600" title="600">600</a>: <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">Smallpox</a> spreads from India into Europe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/602" title="602">602</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Third_Chinese_domination_of_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Chinese domination of Vietnam">Third Chinese domination of Vietnam</a> starts following the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Early_L%C3%BD_dynasty" title="Early Lý dynasty">Early Lý dynasty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/603" title="603">603</a>: Last mention of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Senate" title="Roman Senate">Roman Senate</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregorian_Register&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregorian Register (page does not exist)">Gregorian Register</a>. It mentions that the senate acclaimed the statues of emperor <a href="/wiki/Phocas" title="Phocas">Phocas</a> and empress <a href="/wiki/Leontia" title="Leontia">Leontia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/606" title="606">606</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_III" title="Pope Boniface III">Pope Boniface III</a> elected to the papacy on the death of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Sabinian" title="Pope Sabinian">Pope Sabinian</a>. He sought and obtained a decree from Byzantine Emperor <a href="/wiki/Phocas" title="Phocas">Phocas</a> which stated that "the See of Blessed Peter the <a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostle</a> should be the head of all the Churches". This ensured that the title of "Universal Bishop" belonged exclusively to the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Rome">Bishop of Rome</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/607" title="607">607</a>: <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-ji" title="Hōryū-ji">Hōryū-ji</a> temple believed to have been completed in <a href="/wiki/Ikaruga,_Nara" title="Ikaruga, Nara">Ikaruga</a>, Japan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/610" title="610">610</a>: A great number of <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</a> <a href="/wiki/Slavic_migration_to_the_Balkans" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic migration to the Balkans">enter the Roman lands of the Balkans</a>. Later forming tribal confederacies.</li> <li>610: <a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a> arrives by ship from <a href="/wiki/Roman_Carthage" title="Roman Carthage">Roman Carthage</a> at <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, overthrows <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Emperor">Eastern Roman Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Phocas" title="Phocas">Phocas</a> and becomes Emperor. His first major act is to change the official language of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Empire">Eastern Roman Empire</a> from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> to <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Greek" title="Medieval Greek">Greek</a> (already the language of the vast majority of the population).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/615" title="615">615</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a> under <a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shah</a> <a href="/wiki/Khosrow_II" title="Khosrow II">Khosrow II</a> sacks <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, taking away the relic of the <a href="/wiki/True_Cross" title="True Cross">True Cross</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>615: <a href="/wiki/K%27inich_Janaab%27_Pakal" class="mw-redirect" title="K'inich Janaab' Pakal">Pacal the Great</a> becomes king of the Mayan city-state of <a href="/wiki/Palenque" title="Palenque">Palenque</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/616" title="616">616</a>: Shah <a href="/wiki/Khosrow_II" title="Khosrow II">Khosrow II</a> invades <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>616: <a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelfrith" title="Æthelfrith">Æthelfrith</a> of <a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbria</a> defeats the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_people" title="Welsh people">Welsh</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chester" title="Battle of Chester">battle at Chester</a> in England.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/618" title="618">618</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> of China do initiated by <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Gaozu_of_Tang" title="Emperor Gaozu of Tang">Li Yuan</a>.</li> <li>618: The <a href="/wiki/Chenla" title="Chenla">Chenla</a> kingdom completely absorbed <a href="/wiki/Funan" title="Funan">Funan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/622" title="622">622</a>: Year one of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a> begins, during which the <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">Hijrah</a> occurs—Muhammad and his followers emigrate from <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> to <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> in September.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/623" title="623">623</a>: The Frankish merchant <a href="/wiki/Samo" title="Samo">Samo</a>, supporting the <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</a> fighting their <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avar</a> rulers, becomes the ruler of the first known Slav state in Central Europe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/626" title="626">626</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avars</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Early_Slavs" title="Early Slavs">Slavs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Persians</a> jointly besiege but <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(626)" title="Siege of Constantinople (626)">fail to capture Constantinople</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/627" title="627">627</a>: Emperor <a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a> defeats the Persians, ending the <a href="/wiki/Roman%E2%80%93Persian_Wars" title="Roman–Persian Wars">Roman–Persian Wars</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/629" title="629">629</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Byzantine_wars" title="Arab–Byzantine wars">Arab–Byzantine wars</a> begin. Much of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Roman Empire</a> is conquered by Muslim Arabs led by <a href="/wiki/Khalid_ibn_al-Walid" title="Khalid ibn al-Walid">Khalid ibn al-Walid</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/629" title="629">629</a>–<a href="/wiki/630" title="630">630</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tang_campaign_against_the_Eastern_Turks" title="Tang campaign against the Eastern Turks">Tang campaign against the Eastern Turks</a>, Chinese <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> forces under commanders <a href="/wiki/Li_Jing_(Tang_dynasty)" title="Li Jing (Tang dynasty)">Li Jing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Li_Shiji" title="Li Shiji">Li Shiji</a> destroy the <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk" class="mw-redirect" title="Göktürk">Göktürk</a> Khanate.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/632" title="632">632</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Muslim conquests</a> begin.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/635" title="635">635</a>–<a href="/wiki/649" title="649">649</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alopen" title="Alopen">Alopen</a>, a Persian Christian priest, introduces <a href="/wiki/Nestorian_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestorian Christianity">Nestorian Christianity</a> into China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/636" title="636">636</a>: Around this time the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qadisiyyah" title="Battle of al-Qadisiyyah">Battle of al-Qadisiyyah</a> resulted in a decisive victory for Muslims in the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Persia" title="Muslim conquest of Persia">Muslim conquest of Persia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Persian Empire</a> is conquered by Muslim Arabs led by <a href="/wiki/Sa%27d_ibn_Abi_Waqqas" title="Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas">Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/638" title="638">638</a>: Emperor <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" title="Emperor Taizong of Tang">Taizong</a> (627-649) issues an edict of universal toleration of religions; <a href="/wiki/Nestorian_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestorian Christian">Nestorian Christians</a> build a church in <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a>.</li> <li>638: Muslim conquest of <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/639" title="639">639</a>: <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of Egypt">Muslim conquest of Egypt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Armenia" title="Muslim conquest of Armenia">Armenia</a>.</li> <li>639: Unsuccessful revolt of <a href="/wiki/Ashina_Jiesheshuai" title="Ashina Jiesheshuai">Ashina Jiesheshuai</a> of the Turkic people against Tang China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/641" title="641">641</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Coptic_period" title="Coptic period">Coptic period</a>, in its more specific definition, ends when <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> is introduced into <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/642" title="642">642</a>: Arab armies face first Defeat in The <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Dongola" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Dongola">First Battle of Dongola</a> against Christian Nubians</li> <li><a href="/wiki/649" title="649">649</a>–<a href="/wiki/683" title="683">683</a>: Chinese Emperor <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong_of_Tang" title="Emperor Gaozong of Tang">Gaozong</a> permits establishment of Christian monasteries in each of 358 prefectures.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/650" title="650">650</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Khazar_wars" title="Arab–Khazar wars">Arab–Khazar wars</a> begin.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg/220px-Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg/330px-Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg/440px-Wild_goose_pagoda_xian_china.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1479" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/Giant_Wild_Goose_Pagoda" title="Giant Wild Goose Pagoda">Giant Wild Goose Pagoda</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a>, built in <a href="/wiki/652" title="652">652</a>, in modern-day <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a>, China.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Mid-7th century: Durga Mahishasura-mardini (Durga as Slayer of the Buffalo Demon), rock-cut relief, <a href="/wiki/Mamallapuram" title="Mamallapuram">Mamallapuram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, India, is made. Pallava period. It is now kept at Asian Art Archives, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a>.</li> <li>Mid-7th century: Portrait of Lord Pacal, from his tomb, <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_the_Inscriptions" title="Temple of the Inscriptions">Temple of the Inscriptions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palenque" title="Palenque">Palenque</a>, Mexico, is made. <a href="/wiki/Maya_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya culture">Maya culture</a>. It is now kept at <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Anthropology_(Mexico)" title="National Museum of Anthropology (Mexico)">National Museum of Anthropology</a>, Mexico City.</li> <li>Mid-7th century: Dharmaraja Ratha, <a href="/wiki/Mamallapuram" title="Mamallapuram">Mamallapuram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, India, is built. Pallava period.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/651" title="651">651</a>: Emperor <a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_III" title="Yazdegerd III">Yazdegerd III</a> is murdered in <a href="/wiki/Merv" title="Merv">Merv</a>, ending the rule of <a href="/wiki/Sassanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid">Sassanid</a> dynasty in <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/652" title="652">652</a>: Arab armies defeated again in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Dongola" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Dongola">Second Battle of Dongola</a> resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Baqt" title="Baqt">baqt</a> possibly the longest treaty in history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/656" title="656">656</a>–<a href="/wiki/661" title="661">661</a>: The <a href="/wiki/First_Fitna" title="First Fitna">First Fitna</a> occurs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/657" title="657">657</a>: The Chinese <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> under <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong_of_Tang" title="Emperor Gaozong of Tang">Emperor Gaozong of Tang</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Western_Turkic_Kaganate" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Turkic Kaganate">Western Turkic Kaganate</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/658" title="658">658</a>: Two Chinese monks, Zhi Yu and Zhi You, reconstruct the 3rd century <a href="/wiki/South-pointing_chariot" title="South-pointing chariot">south-pointing chariot</a> mechanical <a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">compass</a>-vehicle for <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Tenji" title="Emperor Tenji">Emperor Tenji</a> of Japan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/661" title="661">661</a>: Caliph <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a> is assassinated. His successor <a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan ibn Ali</a> abdicated the <a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphate</a> to <a href="/wiki/Muawiyah_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Muawiyah I">Muawiyah I</a>, marking the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/663" title="663">663</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> of China and Korean <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> Kingdom gain victory against the Korean <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> Kingdom and their <a href="/wiki/Yamato_Province" title="Yamato Province">Yamato</a> Japanese allies in the naval <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baekgang" title="Battle of Baekgang">Battle of Baekgang</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/664" title="664">664</a>: Conquest of <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a> by Muslims.</li> <li>664: A Tang dynasty Chinese source written by <a href="/wiki/I_Ching_(monk)" class="mw-redirect" title="I Ching (monk)">I-tsing</a>, mentioned about Holing (<a href="/wiki/Kalingga" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalingga">Kalingga</a>) kingdom, located somewhere in the northern coast of Central Java.<sup id="cite_ref-Soekmono_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soekmono-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/668" title="668">668</a>: The end of the <a href="/wiki/Goguryeo%E2%80%93Tang_War" title="Goguryeo–Tang War">Goguryeo–Tang War</a>, as Goguryeo fell to a joint attack by Tang China and <a href="/wiki/Unified_Silla" title="Unified Silla">Unified Silla</a> of Korea, the latter of which held the former Goguryeo domains.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/670" title="670">670</a>: In 670 an Arab Muslim army under <a href="/wiki/Uqba_ibn_Nafi" title="Uqba ibn Nafi">Uqba ibn Nafi</a> entered the region of <a href="/wiki/Ifriqiya" title="Ifriqiya">Ifriqiya</a>. In the late 670s <a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_North_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim conquest of North Africa">conquest of North Africa</a> was completed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/671" title="671">671</a>: <a href="/wiki/Yijing_(monk)" title="Yijing (monk)">I-tsing</a> visited <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a> and Malayu in Sumatra and Kedah in Malay peninsula on his way to Nalanda, India.<sup id="cite_ref-Takakusu_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takakusu-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/674" title="674">674</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(674%E2%80%93678)" title="Siege of Constantinople (674–678)">first Arab siege</a> of <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> begins.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/677" title="677">677</a>: Most of the Arab fleet is destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Greek_fire" title="Greek fire">Greek fire</a>; the Persian crown prince flees to the T'ang court.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/680" title="680">680</a>: Decisive victory of the <a href="/wiki/Bulgars" title="Bulgars">Bulgars</a> over the Byzantines in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ongal" title="Battle of Ongal">Battle of Ongal</a>.<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala,_Qajar_Persia,_second_half_19th_century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala%2C_Qajar_Persia%2C_second_half_19th_century.jpg/220px-The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala%2C_Qajar_Persia%2C_second_half_19th_century.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala%2C_Qajar_Persia%2C_second_half_19th_century.jpg/330px-The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala%2C_Qajar_Persia%2C_second_half_19th_century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala%2C_Qajar_Persia%2C_second_half_19th_century.jpg/440px-The_Prophet_at_the_battle_of_Karbala%2C_Qajar_Persia%2C_second_half_19th_century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="274" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Qajar_Iran" title="Qajar Iran">Qajar</a> era painting of <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> at the Battle of Karbala in 680</figcaption></figure></li> <li>680: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karbala" title="Battle of Karbala">Battle of Karbala</a> took place near <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>, which resulted in the death of <a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn ibn Ali</a> and the division of Muslim community.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/681" title="681">681</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> is recognized as independent country by the Byzantine Empire.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/682" title="682">682</a>: Revival of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Turkic_Khaganate" title="Second Turkic Khaganate">Turkic Khaganate</a> by the efforts of <a href="/wiki/Ilterish_Qaghan" title="Ilterish Qaghan">Ilterish Qaghan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tonyukuk" title="Tonyukuk">Tonyukuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/683" title="683">683</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dapunta_Hyang_Sri_Jayanasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa">Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa</a> performed Siddhayatra as the journey to expand his influence. The event mentioned in several inscriptions such as <a href="/wiki/Telaga_Batu_inscription" title="Telaga Batu inscription">Telaga Batu inscription</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talang_Tuo_inscription" title="Talang Tuo inscription">Talang Tuo inscription</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kedukan_Bukit_inscription" title="Kedukan Bukit inscription">Kedukan Bukit inscription</a>. The beginning of <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a> hegemony over the maritime region around <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Strait" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca Strait">Malacca Strait</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/683" title="683">683</a>–<a href="/wiki/685" title="685">685</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Second_Fitna" title="Second Fitna">Second Fitna</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/686" title="686">686</a>: Srivijaya launch a naval invasion of Java, which is mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Kota_Kapur_inscription" title="Kota Kapur inscription">Kota Kapur inscription</a>. This likely contributed to the end of <a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Tarumanagara</a> kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/687" title="687">687</a>: I-tsing returned to <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a> in on his way back from India to China. In his record he reported that the <a href="/wiki/Melayu_Kingdom" title="Melayu Kingdom">Kingdom of Malayu</a> was captured by Srivijaya.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/688" title="688">688</a>: Emperor <a href="/wiki/Justinian_II" title="Justinian II">Justinian II</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> defeats the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/690" title="690">690</a>: Pro-Buddhist imperial consort <a href="/wiki/Wu_Zetian" title="Wu Zetian">Wu Zetian</a> seizes power and rules as Empress of China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/691" title="691">691</a>: Buddhism is made the state religion of China.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/698" title="698">698</a>: The Arabs capture <a href="/wiki/Carthage" title="Carthage">Carthage</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/698" title="698">698</a>: Active but unofficial anti-Christian persecution begins in China</li> <li>698: <a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_States_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="North–South States Period">North–South States Period</a> begins in Korea.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/700" title="700">700</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Mount_Edziza_volcanic_complex" title="Mount Edziza volcanic complex">Mount Edziza volcanic complex</a> erupts in northern <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, Canada.</li> <li>700: The <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a> naval kingdom flourishes and declines.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>700: Wet-field rice cultivation, small towns and kingdoms flourish. Trade links are established with China and India.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>c. late 7th century: The <a href="/wiki/Sojomerto_inscription" title="Sojomerto inscription">Sojomerto inscription</a> (discovered in Batang, Central Java) is dated around this time, it mentions Dapunta Selendra, possibly the ancestor of the <a href="/wiki/Sailendra_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailendra dynasty">Sailendra dynasty</a>. The inscription was written in <a href="/wiki/Old_Malay" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Malay">Old Malay</a>, suggesting a Srivijayan link to this family.<sup id="cite_ref-Boechari_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boechari-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions"><span id="Inventions.2C_discoveries.2C_introductions"></span>Inventions, discoveries, introductions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_century&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Inventions, discoveries, introductions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Earliest known record of the game <a href="/wiki/Chaturanga" title="Chaturanga">Chaturanga</a>, a predecessor to <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">Chess</a>.</li> <li>The Indian Mathematician <a href="/wiki/Brahmagupta" title="Brahmagupta">Brahmagupta</a> presented the first instance of finite difference interpolation.</li> <li>636: The <a href="/wiki/Xumi_Pagoda" title="Xumi Pagoda">Xumi Pagoda</a> in <a href="/wiki/Zhengding" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhengding">Zhengding</a>, China is built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/650" title="650">650</a>: The first Chinese <a href="/wiki/Paper_money" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper money">paper money</a> is issued.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/650s" title="650s">650s</a>: After sailing from <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sa%27d_ibn_Abi_Waqqas" title="Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas">Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas</a> allegedly introduced <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> to China, and established the first Islamic <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> of China in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Abi_Waqqas_Mosque_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abi_Waqqas_Mosque-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/670s" title="670s">670s</a>: <a href="/wiki/Greek_fire" title="Greek fire">Greek fire</a> invented in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>.</li> <li>Late 7th century: The <a href="/wiki/Stirrup" title="Stirrup">stirrup</a> introduced to <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Persia</a> from China.</li> <li>In the 7th century the cookie was invented in Persia.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inventions">Inventions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_century&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Inventions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_historic_inventions#7th_century" title="Timeline of historic inventions">Timeline of historic inventions § 7th century</a>.<span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_historic_inventions&action=edit">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"> <ul><li>619: <a href="/wiki/Toothbrush" title="Toothbrush">Toothbrush</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a><sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_kumar-412413_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_kumar-412413-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>672: <a href="/wiki/Greek_fire" title="Greek fire">Greek fire</a> in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>: Greek fire, an <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_device" title="Incendiary device">incendiary weapon</a> likely based on <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> or <a href="/wiki/Naphtha" title="Naphtha">naphtha</a>, is invented by Kallinikos, a Lebanese Greek refugee from <a href="/wiki/Baalbek" title="Baalbek">Baalbek</a>, as described by <a href="/wiki/Theophanes_the_Confessor" title="Theophanes the Confessor">Theophanes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the historicity and exact chronology of this account is dubious,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it could be that Kallinikos merely introduced an improved version of an established weapon.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>7th century: <a href="/wiki/Banknote" title="Banknote">Banknote</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>: The banknote is <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Song_dynasty#The_world's_first_paper_money" title="Economy of the Song dynasty">first developed in China</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song</a> dynasties, starting in the 7th century. Its roots are in merchant <a href="/wiki/Receipt" title="Receipt">receipts</a> of deposit during the Tang dynasty (618–907), as <a href="/wiki/Four_occupations#The_shang_(商)" title="Four occupations">merchants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wholesaler" class="mw-redirect" title="Wholesaler">wholesalers</a> desire to avoid the heavy bulk of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Chinese_coinage" title="Ancient Chinese coinage">copper coinage</a> in large commercial transactions.<sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Ebrey,_Walthall,_and_Palais_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Ebrey,_Walthall,_and_Palais-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Bowman_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Bowman-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_gernet_1962_80_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_gernet_1962_80-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>7th century: <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">Porcelain</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>: True porcelain is manufactured in northern China from roughly the beginning of the Tang dynasty in the 7th century, while true porcelain was not manufactured in southern China until about 300 years later, during the early 10th century.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_century&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOstrogorsky1959" class="citation journal cs1">Ostrogorsky, George (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1291126">"The Byzantine Empire in the World of the Seventh Century"</a>. <i>Dumbarton Oaks Papers</i>. <b>13</b>: 3. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1291126">10.2307/1291126</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0070-7546">0070-7546</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1291126">1291126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dumbarton+Oaks+Papers&rft.atitle=The+Byzantine+Empire+in+the+World+of+the+Seventh+Century&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1959&rft.issn=0070-7546&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1291126%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1291126&rft.aulast=Ostrogorsky&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1291126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/story-of-england/early-medieval/">"An Introduction to Early Medieval England"</a>. <i>English Heritage</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=English+Heritage&rft.atitle=An+Introduction+to+Early+Medieval+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.english-heritage.org.uk%2Flearn%2Fstory-of-england%2Fearly-medieval%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jonathan V. Last, Philadelphia Inquirer, The good and bad of a population drop, November 29, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121006203612/http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20061129/news_lz1e29last.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20121006203612/http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20061129/news_lz1e29last.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberts, J: <i>History of the World</i>.. Penguin, 1994.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1979" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Jeffrey (January 1, 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tsE9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA246"><i>The Popes and the Papacy in the Early Middle Ages, 476-752</i></a>. Routledge & Kegan Paul. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780710000989" title="Special:BookSources/9780710000989"><bdi>9780710000989</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Popes+and+the+Papacy+in+the+Early+Middle+Ages%2C+476-752&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1979-01-01&rft.isbn=9780710000989&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtsE9AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soekmono-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Soekmono_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrs._R._Soekmono1988" class="citation book cs1">Drs. R. Soekmono (1988) [1973]. <i><span></span></i>Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2<i>, 2nd ed</i> (5th reprint ed.). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pengantar+Sejarah+Kebudayaan+Indonesia+2%2C+2nd+ed.&rft.place=Yogyakarta&rft.pages=37&rft.edition=5th+reprint&rft.pub=Penerbit+Kanisius&rft.date=1988&rft.au=Drs.+R.+Soekmono&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Takakusu-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Takakusu_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Junjiro Takakusu, (1896), <i>A record of the Buddhist Religion as Practised in India and the Malay Archipelago AD 671–695, by I-tsing</i>, Oxford, London.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Soekmono, R, Drs., Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2, 2nd ed. Penerbit Kanisius, Yogyakarta, 1973, 5th reprint edition in 1988 p.38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Soekmono, R, Drs., Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2, 2nd ed. Penerbit Kanisius, Yogyakarta, 1973, 5th reprint edition in 1988 p.39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081231024421/http://www.buddhist-canon.com/history/T510007c.htm">"Buddhist Monks Pilgrimage of Tang Dynasty"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhist-canon.com/history/T510007c.htm">the original</a> on 2008-12-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Buddhist+Monks+Pilgrimage+of+Tang+Dynasty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhist-canon.com%2Fhistory%2FT510007c.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor (2003), pp. 22–26; Ricklefs (1991), p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor (2003), pp. 8–9, 15–18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boechari-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Boechari_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoechari1966" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boechari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boechari (page does not exist)">Boechari</a> (1966). "Preliminary report on the discovery of an Old Malay inscription at Sojomerto". <i>MISI</i>. <b>III</b>: 241–251.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MISI&rft.atitle=Preliminary+report+on+the+discovery+of+an+Old+Malay+inscription+at+Sojomerto&rft.volume=III&rft.pages=241-251&rft.date=1966&rft.au=Boechari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abi_Waqqas_Mosque-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Abi_Waqqas_Mosque_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamouch2006" class="citation web cs1">Kamouch, Mohammed (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muslimheritage.com/jewels-of-the-muslim-chinese-heritage/">"Jewels of the Muslim Chinese Heritage"</a>. <i>Muslim Heritage</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muslim+Heritage&rft.atitle=Jewels+of+the+Muslim+Chinese+Heritage&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Kamouch&rft.aufirst=Mohammed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuslimheritage.com%2Fjewels-of-the-muslim-chinese-heritage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_kumar-412413-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_kumar-412413_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumar2011" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Jayanth V. (2011). "Oral hygiene aids". <i>Textbook of preventive and community dentistry</i> (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 412–413. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-312-2530-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-312-2530-1"><bdi>978-81-312-2530-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oral+hygiene+aids&rft.btitle=Textbook+of+preventive+and+community+dentistry&rft.pages=412-413&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-81-312-2530-1&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Jayanth+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPryorJeffreys2006">Pryor & Jeffreys 2006</a>, pp. 607–609</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTheophanesTurtledove1982">Theophanes & Turtledove 1982</a>, p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoland1992">Roland 1992</a>, p. 657; <a href="#CITEREFPryorJeffreys2006">Pryor & Jeffreys 2006</a>, p. 608</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Ebrey,_Walthall,_and_Palais-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Ebrey,_Walthall,_and_Palais_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ebrey, Walthall, and Palais (2006), 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Bowman-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_Bowman_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bowman (2000), 105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_gernet_1962_80-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Timeline_of_historic_inventions_gernet_1962_80_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gernet (1962), 80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wood (1999), 49.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_century&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPryorJeffreys2006" class="citation cs2">Pryor, John H.; Jeffreys, Elizabeth M. (2006), <i>The Age of the ΔΡΟΜΩΝ: The Byzantine Navy ca. 500–1204</i>, Brill Academic Publishers, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004151970" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004151970"><bdi>978-9004151970</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+the+%CE%94%CE%A1%CE%9F%CE%9C%CE%A9%CE%9D%3A+The+Byzantine+Navy+ca.+500%E2%80%931204&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-9004151970&rft.aulast=Pryor&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rft.au=Jeffreys%2C+Elizabeth+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoland1992" class="citation cs2">Roland, Alex (1992), "Secrecy, Technology, and War: Greek Fire and the Defense of Byzantium", <i>Technology and Culture</i>, <b>33</b> (4): 655–679, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3106585">10.2307/3106585</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3106585">3106585</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:113017993">113017993</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Technology+and+Culture&rft.atitle=Secrecy%2C+Technology%2C+and+War%3A+Greek+Fire+and+the+Defense+of+Byzantium&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=655-679&rft.date=1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A113017993%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3106585%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3106585&rft.aulast=Roland&rft.aufirst=Alex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTheophanesTurtledove1982" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_the_Confessor" title="Theophanes the Confessor">Theophanes</a>; <a href="/wiki/Harry_Turtledove" title="Harry Turtledove">Turtledove, Harry (Transl.)</a> (1982), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lK5wIPb4Vi4C"><i>The chronicle of Theophanes: an English translation of </i>anni mundi<i> 6095–6305 (A.D. 602–813)</i></a>, University of Pennsylvania Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0812211283" title="Special:BookSources/978-0812211283"><bdi>978-0812211283</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+chronicle+of+Theophanes%3A+an+English+translation+of+anni+mundi+6095%E2%80%936305+%28A.D.+602%E2%80%93813%29&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0812211283&rft.au=Theophanes&rft.au=Turtledove%2C+Harry+%28Transl.%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlK5wIPb4Vi4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A7th+century" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="MillenniaCenturiesDecadesYears" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="MillenniaCenturiesDecadesYears" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Millennia</li><li>Centuries</li><li>Decades</li><li>Years</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Decades_and_years" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Decades_and_years" title="Template:Decades and years"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Decades_and_years" title="Template talk:Decades and years"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Decades_and_years" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Decades and years"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Decades_and_years" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Decade" title="Decade">Decades</a> and <a href="/wiki/Year" title="Year">years</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>7th century</b><br /><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/5th_century" title="5th century">5th century</a> ← <a href="/wiki/6th_century" title="6th century">6th century</a> ← ↔ → <a href="/wiki/8th_century" title="8th century">8th century</a> → <a href="/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century">9th century</a></span></small> <table border="0" cellpadding="3" style="text-align: center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background: #eeeeee"><a href="/wiki/590s" title="590s"><b>590s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_590" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 590">590</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_591" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 591">591</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_592" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 592">592</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_593" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 593">593</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_594" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 594">594</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_595" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 595">595</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_596" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 596">596</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_597" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 597">597</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_598" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 598">598</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_599" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 599">599</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/600s_(decade)" title="600s (decade)"><b>600s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_600" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 600">600</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_601" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 601">601</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_602" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 602">602</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_603" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 603">603</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_604" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 604">604</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_605" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 605">605</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_606" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 606">606</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_607" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 607">607</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_608" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 608">608</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_609" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 609">609</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/610s" title="610s"><b>610s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_610" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 610">610</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_611" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 611">611</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_612" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 612">612</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_613" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 613">613</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_614" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 614">614</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_615" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 615">615</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_616" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 616">616</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_617" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 617">617</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_618" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 618">618</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_619" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 619">619</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/620s" title="620s"><b>620s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_620" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 620">620</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_621" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 621">621</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_622" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 622">622</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_623" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 623">623</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_624" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 624">624</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_625" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 625">625</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_626" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 626">626</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_627" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 627">627</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_628" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 628">628</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_629" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 629">629</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/630s" title="630s"><b>630s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_630" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 630">630</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_631" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 631">631</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_632" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 632">632</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_633" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 633">633</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_634" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 634">634</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_635" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 635">635</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_636" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 636">636</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_637" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 637">637</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_638" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 638">638</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_639" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 639">639</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/640s" title="640s"><b>640s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_640" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 640">640</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_641" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 641">641</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_642" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 642">642</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_643" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 643">643</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_644" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 644">644</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_645" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 645">645</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_646" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 646">646</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_647" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 647">647</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_648" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 648">648</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_649" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 649">649</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/650s" title="650s"><b>650s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_650" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 650">650</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_651" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 651">651</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_652" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 652">652</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_653" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 653">653</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_654" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 654">654</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_655" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 655">655</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_656" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 656">656</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_657" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 657">657</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_658" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 658">658</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_659" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 659">659</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/660s" title="660s"><b>660s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_660" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 660">660</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_661" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 661">661</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_662" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 662">662</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_663" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 663">663</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_664" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 664">664</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_665" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 665">665</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_666" title="AD 666">666</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_667" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 667">667</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_668" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 668">668</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_669" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 669">669</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/670s" title="670s"><b>670s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_670" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 670">670</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_671" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 671">671</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_672" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 672">672</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_673" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 673">673</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_674" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 674">674</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_675" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 675">675</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_676" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 676">676</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_677" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 677">677</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_678" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 678">678</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_679" title="AD 679">679</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/680s" title="680s"><b>680s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_680" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 680">680</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_681" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 681">681</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_682" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 682">682</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_683" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 683">683</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_684" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 684">684</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_685" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 685">685</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_686" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 686">686</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_687" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 687">687</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_688" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 688">688</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_689" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 689">689</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/690s" title="690s"><b>690s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_690" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 690">690</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_691" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 691">691</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_692" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 692">692</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_693" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 693">693</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_694" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 694">694</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_695" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 695">695</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_696" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 696">696</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_697" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 697">697</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_698" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 698">698</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_699" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 699">699</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/700s_(decade)" title="700s (decade)"><b>700s</b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/AD_700" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 700">700</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_701" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 701">701</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_702" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 702">702</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_703" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 703">703</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_704" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 704">704</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_705" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 705">705</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_706" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 706">706</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_707" title="AD 707">707</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_708" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 708">708</a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/AD_709" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 709">709</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Centuries_and_millennia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse 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title="Millennium">millennia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="text-align:center;width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#efefef; width:10%;">Millennium</th> <th colspan="10" style="background-color:#efefef; width:90%;">Century</th> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="11" style="background-color:#ccf;">BC (BCE)</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:9%"><b><a href="/wiki/4th_millennium_BC" title="4th millennium BC">4th</a></b></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/40th_century_BC" title="40th century BC">40th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/39th_century_BC" title="39th century BC">39th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/38th_century_BC" title="38th century BC">38th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/37th_century_BC" title="37th century BC">37th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/36th_century_BC" title="36th century BC">36th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/35th_century_BC" title="35th century BC">35th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/34th_century_BC" title="34th century BC">34th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/33rd_century_BC" title="33rd century BC">33rd</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/32nd_century_BC" title="32nd century BC">32nd</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/31st_century_BC" title="31st century BC">31st</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium_BC" title="3rd millennium BC">3rd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/30th_century_BC" title="30th century BC">30th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/29th_century_BC" title="29th century BC">29th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/28th_century_BC" title="28th century BC">28th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/27th_century_BC" title="27th century BC">27th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/26th_century_BC" title="26th century BC">26th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/25th_century_BC" title="25th century BC">25th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/24th_century_BC" title="24th century BC">24th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_century_BC" title="23rd century BC">23rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/22nd_century_BC" title="22nd century BC">22nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/21st_century_BC" title="21st century BC">21st</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium_BC" title="2nd millennium BC">2nd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_century_BC" title="20th century BC">20th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/19th_century_BC" title="19th century BC">19th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/18th_century_BC" title="18th century BC">18th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_century_BC" title="17th century BC">17th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/16th_century_BC" title="16th century BC">16th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/15th_century_BC" title="15th century BC">15th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/14th_century_BC" title="14th century BC">14th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/13th_century_BC" title="13th century BC">13th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/12th_century_BC" title="12th century BC">12th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/11th_century_BC" title="11th century BC">11th</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/1st_millennium_BC" title="1st millennium BC">1st</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/10th_century_BC" title="10th century BC">10th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/9th_century_BC" title="9th century BC">9th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/8th_century_BC" title="8th century BC">8th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/7th_century_BC" title="7th century BC">7th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/6th_century_BC" title="6th century BC">6th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/5th_century_BC" title="5th century BC">5th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC">4th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/3rd_century_BC" title="3rd century BC">3rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_century_BC" title="2nd century BC">2nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1st_century_BC" title="1st century BC">1st</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="11" style="background-color:#ccf;">AD (CE)</th> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/1st_millennium" title="1st millennium">1st</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1st_century" title="1st century">1st</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_century" title="2nd century">2nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/3rd_century" title="3rd century">3rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/4th_century" title="4th century">4th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/5th_century" title="5th century">5th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/6th_century" title="6th century">6th</a></td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">7th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/8th_century" title="8th century">8th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century">9th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/10th_century" title="10th century">10th</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/11th_century" title="11th century">11th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">12th</a></td> 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