CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Khushwant Singh - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"7d04f108-7212-4b7d-b4dc-89d34229c90a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Khushwant_Singh","wgTitle":"Khushwant Singh","wgCurRevisionId":1258041043,"wgRevisionId":1258041043,"wgArticleId":1005844,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","EngvarB from August 2016","Use dmy dates from April 2024","Commons category link from Wikidata","Open Library ID different from Wikidata","Articles with Open Library links","1915 births","2014 deaths","Indian civil servants","Indian Foreign Service officers","Modern School (New Delhi) alumni","Alumni of King's College London","Fellows of King's College London", "Alumni of the University of London","Indian columnists","Indian male journalists","Indian newspaper editors","Indian male novelists","Indian sceptics","Novelists from Punjab, India","Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature \u0026 education","Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in literature \u0026 education","People from Lahore","People from Khushab District","Indian agnostics","Government College University, Lahore alumni","Indian atheists","Former Sikhs","Scholars of Sikhism","Sikh writers","Delhi University alumni","Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha","20th-century Indian novelists","Indian male short story writers","20th-century Indian short story writers","20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights","Indian male dramatists and playwrights","20th-century Indian journalists","Journalists from Punjab, India","Dramatists and playwrights from Punjab, India","20th-century Indian male writers","People from Punjab Province (British India)"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Khushwant_Singh","wgRelevantArticleId":1005844,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1740716", "wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc", "skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1325"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg/800px-thumbnail.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="883"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg/640px-thumbnail.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="707"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Khushwant Singh - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Khushwant_Singh rootpage-Khushwant_Singh skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Khushwant+Singh" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Khushwant+Singh" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Khushwant+Singh" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Khushwant+Singh" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religious_belief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_belief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Religious belief</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_belief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours_and_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours_and_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Honours and awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours_and_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literary_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Literary works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Literary_works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Literary works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Literary_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Short_story" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short_story"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Short story</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short_story-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Play" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Play"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Play</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Play-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Khushwant Singh</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82" title="খুছৱন্ত সিং – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="খুছৱন্ত সিং" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82" title="خوشنوند سینق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="خوشنوند سینق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82" title="খুশবন্ত সিং – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খুশবন্ত সিং" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="خوشوانت سینگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوشوانت سینگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B9" title="खुशवन्त सिंह – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खुशवन्त सिंह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ಖುಷ್ವಂತ್ ಸಿಂಗ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖುಷ್ವಂತ್ ಸಿಂಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D" title="ഖുശ്‌വന്ത് സിങ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഖുശ്‌വന്ത് സിങ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97" title="खुशवंत सिंग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खुशवंत सिंग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC" title="خوشوانت سينج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خوشوانت سينج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3" title="クシュワント・シン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クシュワント・シン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%96%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%82%E0%AC%B9" title="ଖୁସୱନ୍ତ ସିଂହ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଖୁସୱନ୍ତ ସିଂହ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%98" title="ਖ਼ੁਸ਼ਵੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖ਼ੁਸ਼ਵੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%BE" title="خشونت سنگھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="خشونت سنگھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%85,_%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Сингх, Хушвант – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сингх, Хушвант" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B9" title="खुशवन्त सिंह – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="खुशवन्त सिंह" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="Khushwant Singh – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Khushwant Singh" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D" title="குஷ்வந்த் சிங் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குஷ்வந்த் சிங்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D" title="కుష్వంత్ సింగ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కుష్వంత్ సింగ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%BE" title="خشونت سنگھ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خشونت سنگھ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1740716#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Khushwant_Singh" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khushwant_Singh"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khushwant_Singh"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Khushwant_Singh" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Khushwant_Singh" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&oldid=1258041043" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Khushwant_Singh&id=1258041043&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKhushwant_Singh"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKhushwant_Singh"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Khushwant_Singh&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khushwant_Singh" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singh" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1740716" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician (1915–2014)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Khushwant Singh</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Speaker,_Lok_Sabha,_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function,_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26,_2008_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Khushwant Singh receiving the National Amity Award, in New Delhi on September 26, 2008"><img alt="Khushwant Singh receiving the National Amity Award, in New Delhi on September 26, 2008" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="901" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Khushwant Singh receiving the National Amity Award, in New Delhi on September 26, 2008</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Khushal Singh<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1915-02-02</span>)</span>2 February 1915<br /><a href="/wiki/Hadali" title="Hadali">Hadali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Punjab Province (British India)">Punjab Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British India</a><br />(now in <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a>, Pakistan)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">20 March 2014<span style="display:none">(2014-03-20)</span> (aged 99)<br /><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Lawyer, journalist, diplomat, writer, politician</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">Indian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Government_College_University,_Lahore" title="Government College University, Lahore">Government College, Lahore</a> (B.A.) <br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> (LL.B.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">The History of Sikhs<br /><a href="/wiki/Train_to_Pakistan" title="Train to Pakistan">Train to Pakistan</a><br />Delhi: A Novel<br />The Company of Women<br />Truth, Love and a Little Malice: An Autobiography<br />With Malice towards One and All<br />Why I Supported the Emergency: Essays and Profiles<br />Khushwantnama, The Lessons of My Life<br />Punjab, Punjabis & Punjabiyat: Reflections on a Land and its People<br />The Mark of Vishnu and Other Stories<br />The Portrait of a Lady</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable awards</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Rockefeller Grant<br /><a href="/wiki/Padma_Bhushan" title="Padma Bhushan">Padma Bhushan</a><br />Honest Man of the Year<br />Punjab Rattan Award<br /><a href="/wiki/Padma_Vibhushan" title="Padma Vibhushan">Padma Vibhushan</a><br />Sahitya Akademi Fellowship<br />All-India Minorities Forum Annual Fellowship Award<br />Lifetime Achievement Award<br /><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_King%27s_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of King's College">Fellow of King's College</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/khushwant-singh-awarded-fellowship-of-kings-college-london/articleshow/28825274.cms">[2]</a><br />The Grove Press Award</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Sardar Sujan Singh (grandfather)<br />Lakshmi Devi (grandmother)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sir_Sobha_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Sobha Singh">Sir Sobha Singh</a> (father)<br />Viran Bai (mother)<br /><a href="/wiki/Ujjal_Singh" title="Ujjal Singh">Sardar Ujjal Singh</a> (uncle)<br />Bhagwant Singh (brother)<br /><a href="/wiki/Gurbux_Singh_(Brigadier)" title="Gurbux Singh (Brigadier)">Brigadier Gurbux Singh</a> (brother)<br /><a href="/wiki/Daljit_Singh_(politician)" title="Daljit Singh (politician)">Daljit Singh</a> (brother)<br />Mohinder Kaur (sister)<br />Kanwal Malik (spouse)<br />Rahul Singh (son)<br />Mala (daughter)<br />Sir Teja Singh Malik (father-in-law)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Khushwant Singh</b> <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London"><small>FKC</small></a> (born <b>Khushal Singh</b>, 2 February 1915 – 20 March 2014) was an Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician. His experience in the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a> inspired him to write <i><a href="/wiki/Train_to_Pakistan" title="Train to Pakistan">Train to Pakistan</a></i> in 1956 (made into <a href="/wiki/Train_to_Pakistan_(film)" title="Train to Pakistan (film)">film</a> in 1998), which became his most well-known novel.<sup id="cite_ref-sengupta_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sengupta-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dna_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dna-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Born in Punjab, Khushwant Singh was educated in <a href="/wiki/Modern_School_(New_Delhi)" title="Modern School (New Delhi)">Modern School, New Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Stephen%27s_College,_Delhi" title="St. Stephen's College, Delhi">St. Stephen's College</a>, and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Government_College_University,_Lahore" title="Government College University, Lahore">Government College, Lahore</a>. He studied at <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a> and was awarded an <a href="/wiki/LL.B." class="mw-redirect" title="LL.B.">LL.B.</a> from <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>. He was <a href="/wiki/Called_to_the_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Called to the bar">called to the bar</a> at the London <a href="/wiki/Inner_Temple" title="Inner Temple">Inner Temple</a>. After working as a lawyer in <a href="/wiki/Lahore_High_Court" title="Lahore High Court">Lahore High Court</a> for eight years, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Foreign_Service" title="Indian Foreign Service">Indian Foreign Service</a> upon the <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of India">Independence of India from British Empire in 1947</a>. He was appointed journalist in the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Radio" title="All India Radio">All India Radio</a> in 1951, and then moved to the Department of Mass Communications of <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> at Paris in 1956. These last two careers encouraged him to pursue a literary career. As a writer, he was best known for his trenchant secularism,<sup id="cite_ref-timesofindia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> humour, sarcasm and an abiding love of poetry. His comparisons of social and behavioural characteristics of Westerners and Indians are laced with acid wit. He served as the editor of several literary and news magazines, as well as two newspapers, through the 1970s and 1980s. Between 1980 and 1986 he served as <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament,_Rajya_Sabha" title="Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha">Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha</a>, the upper house of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Parliament">Parliament of India</a>. </p><p>Khushwant Singh was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Padma_Bhushan" title="Padma Bhushan">Padma Bhushan</a> in 1974;<sup id="cite_ref-Padma_Awards_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Padma_Awards-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, he returned the award in 1984 in protest against <a href="/wiki/Operation_Blue_Star" title="Operation Blue Star">Operation Blue Star</a> in which the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a> raided <a href="/wiki/Amritsar" title="Amritsar">Amritsar</a>. In 2007, he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Padma_Vibhushan" title="Padma Vibhushan">Padma Vibhushan</a>, the second-highest civilian award in India.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khushwant Singh was born in <a href="/wiki/Hadali" title="Hadali">Hadali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khushab_District" title="Khushab District">Khushab District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab_(British_India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab (British India)">Punjab</a> (which now lies in Pakistan), in a <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> family. He was the younger son of <a href="/wiki/Sobha_Singh_(builder)" title="Sobha Singh (builder)">Sir Sobha Singh</a>, who later witnessed against <a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Singh" title="Bhagat Singh">Bhagat Singh</a>, and Veeran Bai. Births and deaths were not recorded in his time, and for him his father simply made up 2 February 1915 for his school enrollment at <a href="/wiki/Modern_School,_New_Delhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern School, New Delhi">Modern School, New Delhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rahul_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rahul-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But his grandmother Lakshmi Devi asserted that he was born in August, so he later set the date for himself as 15 August.<sup id="cite_ref-sengupta_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sengupta-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sobha Singh was a prominent builder in <a href="/wiki/Lutyens%27_Delhi" title="Lutyens' Delhi">Lutyens' Delhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His uncle <a href="/wiki/Sardar_Ujjal_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardar Ujjal Singh">Sardar Ujjal Singh</a> (1895–1983) was previously <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Punjab,_India" title="List of governors of Punjab, India">Governor of Punjab</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Tamil_Nadu" title="List of governors of Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>. </p><p>His birth name, given by his grandmother, was Khushal Singh (meaning "Prosperous Lion"). He was called by a pet name "Shalee". At school his name earned him ridicule as other boys would mock him with an expression, "Shalee Shoolee, Bagh dee Moolee" (meaning, "This shalee or shoolee is the radish of some garden.") He chose Khushwant so that it rhymes with his elder brother's name Bhagwant.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He declared that his new name was "self-manufactured and meaningless". However, he later discovered that there was a Hindu physician with the same name, and the number subsequently increased.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He entered the <a href="/wiki/Modern_School_(New_Delhi)" title="Modern School (New Delhi)">Delhi Modern School</a> in 1920 and studied there till 1930. There he met his future wife, Kanwal Malik, one year his junior.<sup id="cite_ref-rahul_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rahul-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He studied Intermediate of Arts at <a href="/wiki/St._Stephen%27s_College,_Delhi" title="St. Stephen's College, Delhi">St. Stephen's College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> during 1930-1932.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He pursued higher education at <a href="/wiki/Government_College_University,_Lahore" title="Government College University, Lahore">Government College, Lahore</a>, in 1932,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and got his BA in 1934 by a "<a href="/wiki/Third-class_degree" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-class degree">third-class degree</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then he went to <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a> to study law, and was awarded an <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LL.B</a>. from <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> in 1938. He was subsequently <a href="/wiki/Called_to_the_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Called to the bar">called to the bar</a> at the London <a href="/wiki/Inner_Temple" title="Inner Temple">Inner Temple</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-king's_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-king's-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khushwant Singh started his professional career as a practising lawyer in 1939 at Lahore in the Chamber of <a href="/wiki/Manzur_Qadir" title="Manzur Qadir">Manzur Qadir</a> and Ijaz Husain Batalvi. He worked at Lahore Court for eight years where he worked with some of his best friends and fans including <a href="/wiki/Akhtar_Aly_Kureshy" title="Akhtar Aly Kureshy">Akhtar Aly Kureshy</a>, Advocate, and Raja Muhammad Arif, Advocate. In 1947, he entered the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Foreign_Service" title="Indian Foreign Service">Indian Foreign Service</a> for the newly independent India. He started as Information Officer of the Government of India in Toronto, Canada, and moved on to be the Press Attaché and Public Officer for the Indian High Commission for four years in London and Ottawa. In 1951, he joined the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Radio" title="All India Radio">All India Radio</a> as a journalist. Between 1954 and 1956 he worked in Department of Mass Communication of the UNESCO at Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-Indianexpress_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indianexpress-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiatiday14-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1956 he turned to editorial services. He founded and edited <i>Yojana</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an Indian government journal in 1951–1953; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Illustrated_Weekly_of_India" title="The Illustrated Weekly of India">The Illustrated Weekly of India</a></i>, a newsweekly;<i><a href="/wiki/The_National_Herald_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="The National Herald (India)">The National Herald</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-pti_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pti-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-libr_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-libr-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also appointed as editor of <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a> on <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi's</a> personal recommendation.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his tenure, <i>The Illustrated Weekly</i> became India's pre-eminent newsweekly, with its circulation raising from 65,000 to 400,000.<sup id="cite_ref-NandiniMehta_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NandiniMehta-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After working for nine years in the weekly, on 25 July 1978, a week before he was to retire, the management asked Singh to leave "with immediate effect".<sup id="cite_ref-NandiniMehta_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NandiniMehta-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new editor was installed the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-NandiniMehta_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NandiniMehta-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Singh's departure, the weekly suffered a huge drop in readership.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016 Khushwant Singh enters <a href="/wiki/Limca_Book_of_Records" title="Limca Book of Records">Limca Book of Records</a> as a tribute.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_President,_Dr._A.P.J._Abdul_Kalam_presenting_Padma_Vibhushan_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh,_at_an_Investiture_Ceremony_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_on_March_23,_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_President%2C_Dr._A.P.J._Abdul_Kalam_presenting_Padma_Vibhushan_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh%2C_at_an_Investiture_Ceremony_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_on_March_23%2C_2007.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_President%2C_Dr._A.P.J._Abdul_Kalam_presenting_Padma_Vibhushan_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh%2C_at_an_Investiture_Ceremony_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_on_March_23%2C_2007.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_President%2C_Dr._A.P.J._Abdul_Kalam_presenting_Padma_Vibhushan_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh%2C_at_an_Investiture_Ceremony_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan_in_New_Delhi_on_March_23%2C_2007.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2300" data-file-height="2140" /></a><figcaption>Khushwant Singh meeting Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam before receiving the <a href="/wiki/Padma_Vibhushan" title="Padma Vibhushan">Padma Vibhushan</a>.</figcaption></figure><p>From 1980 to 1986, Singh was a member of <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a>, the upper house of the Indian parliament. He was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Padma_Bhushan" title="Padma Bhushan">Padma Bhushan</a> in 1974 for service to his country. In 1984, he returned the award in protest against <a href="/wiki/Operation_Blue_Star" title="Operation Blue Star">the siege of the Golden Temple</a> by the Indian Army.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, the Indian government awarded Khushwant Singh the <a href="/wiki/Padma_Vibhushan" title="Padma Vibhushan">Padma Vibhushan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a public figure, Khushwant Singh was accused of favouring the ruling <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Congress party</a>, especially during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a>. When <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a> announced <a href="/wiki/The_Emergency_(India)" title="The Emergency (India)">nation-wide-emergency</a>, he openly supported it and was derisively called an 'establishment liberal'.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Singh's faith in the Indian political system was shaken by the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Sikh_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Sikh riots">anti-Sikh riots</a> that followed <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Indira_Gandhi" title="Assassination of Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi's assassination</a>, in which major Congress politicians are alleged to be involved; but he remained resolutely positive on the promise of Indian democracy<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and worked via <a href="/wiki/Citizen%27s_Justice_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizen's Justice Committee">Citizen's Justice Committee</a> floated by <a href="/wiki/H._S._Phoolka" title="H. S. Phoolka">H. S. Phoolka</a> who is a senior advocate of <a href="/wiki/Delhi_High_Court" title="Delhi High Court">Delhi High Court</a>. </p><p>Singh was a votary of greater diplomatic relations with <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> at a time when India did not want to displease <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> nations where thousands of Indians found employment. He visited Israel in the 1970s and was impressed by its progress.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khushwant Singh was married to Kanwal Malik. Malik was his childhood friend who had moved to <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> earlier. They met again when he studied law at King's College London, and soon got married.<sup id="cite_ref-dna_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dna-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were married in Delhi, with <a href="/wiki/Chetan_Anand_(director)" title="Chetan Anand (director)">Chetan Anand</a> and Iqbal Singh as the only invitees.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a> also attended the formal service.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had a son, named Rahul Singh, and a daughter, named Mala. His wife predeceased him in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-pti_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pti-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Actress <a href="/wiki/Amrita_Singh" title="Amrita Singh">Amrita Singh</a> is the daughter of his brother Daljit Singh's son – Shavinder Singh and Rukhsana Sultana. He stayed in "Sujan Singh Park", near <a href="/wiki/Khan_Market" title="Khan Market">Khan Market</a> New Delhi, Delhi's first apartment complex, built by his father in 1945, and named after his grandfather.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Khushwantsingh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Khushwantsingh.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="175" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="175" /></a><figcaption>Khushwant Singh at a reading in New Delhi.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_belief">Religious belief</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Religious belief"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Singh was a self-proclaimed agnostic, as the title of his 2011 book <i>Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God</i> explicitly revealed. He was particularly against <a href="/wiki/Organised_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Organised religion">organised religion</a>. He was evidently inclined towards atheism, as he said, "One can be a saintly person without believing in God and a detestable villain believing in him. In my personalised religion, There Is No God!"<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also once said, "I don't believe in rebirth or in reincarnation, in the day of judgement or in heaven or hell. I accept the finality of death."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His last book <i>The Good, The Bad and The Ridiculous</i> was published in October 2013, following which he retired from writing.<sup id="cite_ref-bp_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bp-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book was his continued critique of religion and especially its practice in India, including the critique of the clergy and priests. It earned a lot of acclaim in India.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khushwant Singh had once controversially claimed that <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> was a "warrior branch of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Singh died of natural causes on 20 March 2014 at his <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> residence, at the age of 99. The <a href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_India" title="Vice President of India">Vice-President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a> all issued messages honouring Singh.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was cremated at Lodhi Crematorium in Delhi at 4 in the afternoon of the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-timesofindia_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his lifetime, Khushwant Singh was keen on burial because he believed that with a burial we give back to the earth what we have taken. He had requested the management of the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a> if he could be buried in their cemetery. After initial agreement, they had proposed some conditions which were unacceptable to Singh, and hence the idea was later abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was born in <a href="/wiki/Hadali" title="Hadali">Hadali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khushab_District" title="Khushab District">Khushab District</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab Province</a> of modern Pakistan, in 1915. According to his wishes, some of his ashes were brought and scattered in <a href="/wiki/Hadali" title="Hadali">Hadali</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1943 he had already written his own obituary, included in his collection of short stories <i>Posthumous.</i> Under the headline "Sardar Khushwant Singh Dead", the text reads: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We regret to announce the sudden death of Sardar Khushwant Singh at 6 pm last evening. He leaves behind a young widow, two infant children and a large number of friends and admirers. Amongst those who called at the late sardar’s residence were the PA to the chief justice, several ministers, and judges of the high court.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>He also prepared an epitaph for himself, which runs: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Here lies one who spared neither man nor God; <br /> Waste not your tears on him, he was a sod; <br />Writing nasty things he regarded as great fun; <br />Thank the Lord he is dead, this son of a gun.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>He was cremated and his ashes are buried in Hadali school, where a plaque is placed bearing the inscription: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>IN MEMORY OF <br /> SARDAR KHUSHWANT SINGH <br /> (1915–2014) <br /> A SIKH, A SCHOLAR AND A SON OF HADALI (Punjab)<br /> 'This is where my roots are. I have nourished them with tears of nostalgia ...<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>'</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours_and_awards">Honours and awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Honours and awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Grant</a>, 1966<sup id="cite_ref-king's_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-king's-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Bhushan" title="Padma Bhushan">Padma Bhushan</a>, Government of India (1974) (He returned the decoration in 1984 in protest against the Union government's siege of the Golden Temple, Amritsar)<sup id="cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiatiday14-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Honest Man of the Year</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sulabh_International" title="Sulabh International">Sulabh International</a> (2000)<sup id="cite_ref-libr_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-libr-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab_Rattan_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab Rattan Award">Punjab Rattan Award</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Punjab,_India" title="Government of Punjab, India">The Government of Punjab</a> (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiatiday14-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Vibhushan" title="Padma Vibhushan">Padma Vibhushan</a>, Government of India (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiatiday14-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sahitya_Akademi_fellows" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sahitya Akademi fellows">Sahitya Akademi Fellowship</a> by Sahitya academy of India (2010)<sup id="cite_ref-mukherjee_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mukherjee-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'All-India Minorities Forum Annual Fellowship Award' by <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Akhilesh_Yadav" title="Akhilesh Yadav">Akhilesh Yadav</a> (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lifetime achievement award by Tata Literature Live! The Mumbai Litfest in 2013<sup id="cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiatiday14-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_King%27s_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of King's College London">Fellow of King's College London</a> in January 2014<sup id="cite_ref-king's_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-king's-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>'The Grove Press Award' for the best fiction.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_works">Literary works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Literary works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Mark of Vishnu and Other Stories,</i> (short story collection) 1950<i><sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></li> <li><i>The History of Sikhs</i>, 1953</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Train_to_Pakistan" title="Train to Pakistan">Train to Pakistan</a></i>, (novel) 1956<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Voice of God and Other Stories</i>, (short story) 1957<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>I Shall Not Hear the Nightingale</i>, (novel) 1959<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Sikhs Today</i>, 1959<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Fall of the Kingdom of the Punjab</i>, 1962<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>A History of the Sikhs</i>, 1963<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Ranjit Singh: The Maharaja of the Punjab</i>, 1963<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Ghadar 1915: India's first armed revolution</i>, 1966<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>A Bride of the Sahib and Other Stories</i>, (short story) 1967<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Black Jasmine</i>, (short story) 1971<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Tragedy of Punjab</i>, 1984 (with Kuldip Nayar)<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Sikhs</i>, 1984<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Collected Stories of Khushwant Singh</i>, Ravi Dayal Publisher, 1989<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>More Malicious Gossip,</i> 1989 (collection of essays)<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Delhi:_A_Novel" title="Delhi: A Novel">Delhi: A Novel</a></i>, (Novel) 1990<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Sex, Scotch & Scholarship,</i> 1992 (collection of essays)<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Not a Nice Man to Know: The Best of Khushwant Singh</i>, 1993<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>We Indians</i>, 1993<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Women and Men in My Life</i>, 1995<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Declaring Love in Four Languages,</i> by Khushwant Singh and Sharda Kaushik, 1997<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Company_of_Women_(Singh_novel)" title="The Company of Women (Singh novel)">The Company of Women</a></i>, (novel) 1999<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Big Book of Malice,</i> 2000, (collection of essays)<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>India: An Introduction,</i> 2003<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Truth,_Love_and_a_Little_Malice" class="mw-redirect" title="Truth, Love and a Little Malice">Truth, Love and a Little Malice</a>:</i> <i>An Autobiography</i>, 2002<sup id="cite_ref-:2_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/With_Malice_towards_One_and_All" title="With Malice towards One and All">With Malice towards One and All</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The End of India</i>, 2003<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Burial at the Sea</i>, 2004<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>A History of the Sikhs</i>, 2004 (2nd edition)<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Paradise and Other Stories</i>, 2004<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838</i>, 2004<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Death at My Doorstep</i>, 2004<sup id="cite_ref-:2_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>A History of the Sikhs: 1839–2004</i>, 2005<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Illustrated History of the Sikhs</i>, 2006<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Land of Five Rivers</i>, 2006<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Why I Supported the Emergency: Essays and Profiles</i>, 2009<sup id="cite_ref-OU_45-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Sunset Club</i>, (novel) 2010<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Gods and Godmen of India</i>, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Agnostic Khushwant: There is no God</i>, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Freethinker's Prayer Book and Some Words to Live By,</i> 2012<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Good, the Bad and the Ridiculous</i>, 2013 (co-authored with Humra Qureshi)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Khushwantnama, The Lessons of My Life,</i> 2013<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Punjab, Punjabis & Punjabiyat: Reflections on a Land and its People</i>, 2018 (posthumously compiled by his daughter Mala Dayal)<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short_story">Short story</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Short story"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Portrait of a Lady</i><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Strain</i><sup id="cite_ref-:1_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Success Mantra<sup id="cite_ref-:1_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></li> <li><i>A Love Affair in London<sup id="cite_ref-:1_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></li> <li><i>The Wog</i><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Portrait of a Lady: Collected Stories</i> (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-:2_56-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Play">Play</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Play"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Television Documentary: Third World—Free Press (also presenter; Third Eye series), 1983 (UK).<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karma_(story)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karma (story)">"Karma"</a>, a short story by Khushwant Singh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_writers" title="List of Indian writers">List of Indian writers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sengupta-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sengupta_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sengupta_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSengupta2014" class="citation news cs1">Sengupta, Somini (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/21/world/asia/khushwant-singh-provocative-indian-journalist-dies-at-99.html">"Khushwant Singh, provocative Indian journalist, dies at 99"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%2C+provocative+Indian+journalist%2C+dies+at+99&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.aulast=Sengupta&rft.aufirst=Somini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F03%2F21%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fkhushwant-singh-provocative-indian-journalist-dies-at-99.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dna-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dna_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dna_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSubramonian2014" class="citation news cs1">Subramonian, Surabhi (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-india-s-very-own-literary-genius-khushwant-singh-passes-away-read-his-story-1970779">"India's very own literary genius Khushwant Singh passes away, read his story"</a>. <i>dna</i>. Diligent Media Corporation Ltd<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=dna&rft.atitle=India%27s+very+own+literary+genius+Khushwant+Singh+passes+away%2C+read+his+story&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.aulast=Subramonian&rft.aufirst=Surabhi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Findia%2Freport-india-s-very-own-literary-genius-khushwant-singh-passes-away-read-his-story-1970779&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timesofindia-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-timesofindia_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-timesofindia_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTNN2014" class="citation news cs1">TNN (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Khushwant-Singh-journalist-and-writer-dies-at-99/articleshow/32352917.cms">"Khushwant Singh, journalist and writer, dies at 99"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%2C+journalist+and+writer%2C+dies+at+99&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.au=TNN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FKhushwant-Singh-journalist-and-writer-dies-at-99%2Farticleshow%2F32352917.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Padma_Awards-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Padma_Awards_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf">"Padma Awards"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Padma+Awards&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Home+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmha.nic.in%2Fsites%2Fupload_files%2Fmha%2Ffiles%2FLST-PDAWD-2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTNT2008" class="citation news cs1">TNT (28 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/deep-focus/Those-who-said-no-to-top-awards/articleshow/2714586.cms">"Those who said no to top awards"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Those+who+said+no+to+top+awards&rft.date=2008-01-28&rft.au=TNT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fhome%2Fsunday-times%2Fdeep-focus%2FThose-who-said-no-to-top-awards%2Farticleshow%2F2714586.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rahul-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rahul_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rahul_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2008" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Rahul (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sNFbBAAAQBAJ&q=khushwant+singh+15+august+1915&pg=PT94">"The Man in the Light Bulb: Khushwant Singh"</a>. In Dharker, Anil (ed.). <i>Icons: Men & Women Who Shaped Today's India</i>. New Delhi: Lotus Collection, an imprint of Roli Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7436-612-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7436-612-2"><bdi>978-81-7436-612-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Man+in+the+Light+Bulb%3A+Khushwant+Singh&rft.btitle=Icons%3A+Men+%26+Women+Who+Shaped+Today%27s+India&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Lotus+Collection%2C+an+imprint+of+Roli+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-81-7436-612-2&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Rahul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsNFbBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dkhushwant%2Bsingh%2B15%2Baugust%2B1915%26pg%3DPT94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2008" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Ranjit (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qfuDnpVlmlcC"><i>Sikh Achievers</i></a>. New Delhi: Hemkunt Publishers. p. 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-17-01036-53" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-17-01036-53"><bdi>978-8-17-01036-53</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sikh+Achievers&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=Hemkunt+Publishers&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-8-17-01036-53&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Ranjit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqfuDnpVlmlcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2001" class="citation news cs1">Singh, Khushwant (19 February 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outlookindia.com/article/the-kh-factor/210867">"The Kh Factor"</a>. <i>Outlook</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Outlook&rft.atitle=The+Kh+Factor&rft.date=2001-02-19&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-kh-factor%2F210867&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2006" class="citation news cs1">Singh, Khushwant (25 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518065759/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061125/asp/opinion/story_7045213.asp">"DON'T WORRY, BE HAPPY"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraphindia.com/1061125/asp/opinion/story_7045213.asp">the original</a> on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=DON%27T+WORRY%2C+BE+HAPPY&rft.date=2006-11-25&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraphindia.com%2F1061125%2Fasp%2Fopinion%2Fstory_7045213.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2000" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2000). "Forward". In Chatterji, Lola (ed.). <i>The Fiction of St. Stephen's</i>. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher. pp. v–vi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7530-030-2" title="Special:BookSources/81-7530-030-2"><bdi>81-7530-030-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45799950">45799950</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Forward&rft.btitle=The+Fiction+of+St.+Stephen%27s&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=v-vi&rft.pub=Ravi+Dayal+Publisher&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45799950&rft.isbn=81-7530-030-2&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140321/khushwant.htm">"The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Khushwant Singh 1915 — 2014 Selected Columns"</a>. <i>The Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+Tribune%2C+Chandigarh%2C+India+%E2%80%93+Khushwant+Singh+1915+%E2%80%94+2014+Selected+Columns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F2014%2F20140321%2Fkhushwant.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassey2014" class="citation news cs1">Massey, Reginald (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/mar/20/khushwant-singh">"Khushwant Singh obituary"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh+obituary&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Massey&rft.aufirst=Reginald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2014%2Fmar%2F20%2Fkhushwant-singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vinita Rani, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mjpru.ac.in/PhdDetails/PhdEnglish/PhdData/Vinita.doc">Style and Structure in the Short Stories of Khushwant Singh. A Critical Study.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120812023025/http://mjpru.ac.in/PhdDetails/PhdEnglish/PhdData/Vinita.doc">Archived</a> 12 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", PhD Thesis</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2000" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khuswant (2000). Bhattacharjea, Aditya; Chatterji, Lola (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2ai6XVABXdkC"><i>The Fiction of St. Stephen's</i></a>. New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher. p. v. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-17-53003-09" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-17-53003-09"><bdi>978-8-17-53003-09</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fiction+of+St.+Stephen%27s&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=v&rft.pub=Ravi+Dayal+Publisher&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-8-17-53003-09&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khuswant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2ai6XVABXdkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-king's-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-king's_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-king's_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-king's_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/news/newsrecords/2014/January/Khushwant-Singh-awarded-Fellowship.aspx">"Khushwant Singh awarded Fellowship"</a>. King's College London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Khushwant+Singh+awarded+Fellowship&rft.pub=King%27s+College+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fnewsevents%2Fnews%2Fnewsrecords%2F2014%2FJanuary%2FKhushwant-Singh-awarded-Fellowship.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indianexpress-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Indianexpress_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPress_Trust_of_India2014" class="citation news cs1">Press Trust of India (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/khushwant-singh-a-prolific-writer-who-left-a-mark-on-readers/">"Khushwant Singh could easily switch roles from author to commentator and journalist"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh+could+easily+switch+roles+from+author+to+commentator+and+journalist&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.au=Press+Trust+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Findia-others%2Fkhushwant-singh-a-prolific-writer-who-left-a-mark-on-readers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indiatiday14-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indiatiday14_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/khushwant-singh-timeline/1/350342.htm">"Life and times of Khushwant Singh l"</a>. <i>India Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Life+and+times+of+Khushwant+Singh+l&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiatoday.intoday.in%2Fstory%2Fkhushwant-singh-timeline%2F1%2F350342.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yojana.gov.in/">"Yojana"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yojana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyojana.gov.in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pti-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pti_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pti_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPTI2014" class="citation news cs1">PTI (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140323122428/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-03-20/news/48401954_1_khushwant-singh-hadali-rahul-singh">"Khushwant Singh, renowned author and journalist, passes away"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-03-20/news/48401954_1_khushwant-singh-hadali-rahul-singh">the original</a> on 23 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%2C+renowned+author+and+journalist%2C+passes+away&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.au=PTI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.economictimes.indiatimes.com%2F2014-03-20%2Fnews%2F48401954_1_khushwant-singh-hadali-rahul-singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-libr-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-libr_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-libr_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/acq/ovop/delhi/salrp/khushwantsingh.html">"Khushwant Singh, 1915-"</a>. <i>The South Asian Literary Recording Project</i>. The Library of Congress (New Delhi). 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+South+Asian+Literary+Recording+Project&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%2C+1915-&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Facq%2Fovop%2Fdelhi%2Fsalrp%2Fkhushwantsingh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDev" class="citation web cs1">Dev, Atul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caravanmagazine.in/media/history-repeating-shobhana-bhartias-hindustan-times">"History repeating at Shobhana Bhartia's Hindustan Times"</a>. <i>The Caravan</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Caravan&rft.atitle=History+repeating+at+Shobhana+Bhartia%27s+Hindustan+Times&rft.aulast=Dev&rft.aufirst=Atul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcaravanmagazine.in%2Fmedia%2Fhistory-repeating-shobhana-bhartias-hindustan-times&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NandiniMehta-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NandiniMehta_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NandiniMehta_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NandiniMehta_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhushwant_Singh1993" class="citation book cs1">Khushwant Singh (1993). "Farewell to the Illustrated Weekly". In Nandini Mehta (ed.). <i>Not a Nice Man To Know</i>. <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. p. 8. <q>On 25 July 1978, one week before he was to retire, he was abruptly asked to leave with immediate effect. Khushwant quietly got up, collected his umbrella, and without a word to his staff, left the office where he had worked for nine years, raising the <i>Illustrated Weekly</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> circulation from 65,000 to 400,000. The new editor was installed the same day, and ordered by the <i>Weekly</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> management to kill the "Farewell" column.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Farewell+to+the+Illustrated+Weekly&rft.btitle=Not+a+Nice+Man+To+Know&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Khushwant+Singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sepiamutiny.com/sepia/archives/003653.html">"Khushwant Singh's Journalism: The Illustrated Weekly of India"</a>. Sepiamutiny.com. 4 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Khushwant+Singh%27s+Journalism%3A+The+Illustrated+Weekly+of+India&rft.pub=Sepiamutiny.com&rft.date=2006-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sepiamutiny.com%2Fsepia%2Farchives%2F003653.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808171944/http://www.limcabookofrecords.in/record-detail.aspx?rid=1079">"Tribute – Khushwant Singh"</a>. Limca Book of Records. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.limcabookofrecords.in/record-detail.aspx?rid=1079">the original</a> on 8 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tribute+%E2%80%93+Khushwant+Singh&rft.pub=Limca+Book+of+Records&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.limcabookofrecords.in%2Frecord-detail.aspx%3Frid%3D1079&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2714615.cms">"Those who said no to top awards"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 20 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Those+who+said+no+to+top+awards&rft.date=2008-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Farticleshow%2F2714615.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/why-i-supported-emergency/209636">"Why I Supported Emergency | Outlook India Magazine"</a>. <i>Outlook India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outlook+India&rft.atitle=Why+I+Supported+Emergency+%7C+Outlook+India+Magazine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Fmagazine%2Fstory%2Fwhy-i-supported-emergency%2F209636&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Singh, Khushwant, "Oh, That Other Hindu Riot of Passage," Outlook Magazine, November, 07, 2004, available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.countercurrents.org/comm-khushwantsing071104.htm">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh,_Khushwant2003" class="citation web cs1">Singh, Khushwant (18 October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20031018/windows/above.htm">"THIS ABOVE ALL : When Israel was a distant dream"</a>. <i>The Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=THIS+ABOVE+ALL+%3A+When+Israel+was+a+distant+dream&rft.date=2003-10-18&rft.au=Singh%2C+Khushwant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F2003%2F20031018%2Fwindows%2Fabove.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2000" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2000). <i>Khushwant Singh's Big Book of Malice</i>. New Delhi: Penguin Books. p. 126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-029832-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-029832-0"><bdi>0-14-029832-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45420301">45420301</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Khushwant+Singh%27s+Big+Book+of+Malice&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=126&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45420301&rft.isbn=0-14-029832-0&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2000" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qr1lAAAAMAAJ"><i>Khushwant Singh: An Icon of Our Age</i></a>. Jiya Prakashan. p. 79.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Khushwant+Singh%3A+An+Icon+of+Our+Age&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=Jiya+Prakashan&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQr1lAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121205200651/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Making-history-with-brick-and-mortar/Article1-745801.aspx">"Making history with brick and mortar"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. 15 September 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/Making-history-with-brick-and-mortar/Article1-745801.aspx">the original</a> on 5 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Making+history+with+brick+and+mortar&rft.date=2011-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2FMaking-history-with-brick-and-mortar%2FArticle1-745801.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNayar" class="citation web cs1">Nayar, Aruti. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikhchic.com/books/staring_into_the_abyss_khushwant_singhs_personal_struggles_with_organized_religion">"Staring into The Abyss: Khushwant Singh's Personal Struggles With Organized Religion"</a>. <i>sikhchic.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sikhchic.com&rft.atitle=Staring+into+The+Abyss%3A+Khushwant+Singh%27s+Personal+Struggles+With+Organized+Religion&rft.aulast=Nayar&rft.aufirst=Aruti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikhchic.com%2Fbooks%2Fstaring_into_the_abyss_khushwant_singhs_personal_struggles_with_organized_religion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhuswant2010" class="citation web cs1">Khuswant, Singh (16 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?266528">"How To Live & Die"</a>. <i>Outlook</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outlook&rft.atitle=How+To+Live+%26+Die&rft.date=2010-08-16&rft.aulast=Khuswant&rft.aufirst=Singh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Farticle.aspx%3F266528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bp-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bp_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/03/veteran-writer-and-novelist-khushwant-singh-passes-away-at-99/">"Veteran Writer and Novelist Khushwant Singh passes away at 99"</a>. news.biharprabha.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Veteran+Writer+and+Novelist+Khushwant+Singh+passes+away+at+99&rft.pub=news.biharprabha.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.biharprabha.com%2F2014%2F03%2Fveteran-writer-and-novelist-khushwant-singh-passes-away-at-99%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTiwary2014" class="citation web cs1">Tiwary, Akash (21 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://townpost.in/2014/03/21/khushwant-singhs-demise-bereaves-india-of-its-most-articulate-agnostic/">"Khushwant Singh's demise bereaves India of its most articulate agnostic"</a>. <i>The Avenue Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Avenue+Mail&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%27s+demise+bereaves+India+of+its+most+articulate+agnostic&rft.date=2014-03-21&rft.aulast=Tiwary&rft.aufirst=Akash&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftownpost.in%2F2014%2F03%2F21%2Fkhushwant-singhs-demise-bereaves-india-of-its-most-articulate-agnostic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArora1990" class="citation book cs1">Arora, Subhash Chander (1990). <i>Turmoil in Punjab Politics</i>. Mittal Publications. p. 188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170992516" title="Special:BookSources/9788170992516"><bdi>9788170992516</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turmoil+in+Punjab+Politics&rft.pages=188&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9788170992516&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Subhash+Chander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/03/president-prime-minister-of-india-condole-khushwant-singhs-demise/">"President, Prime Minister of India condole Khushwant Singh's Demise"</a>. news.biharprabha.com. Indo-Asian News Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=President%2C+Prime+Minister+of+India+condole+Khushwant+Singh%27s+Demise&rft.pub=news.biharprabha.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.biharprabha.com%2F2014%2F03%2Fpresident-prime-minister-of-india-condole-khushwant-singhs-demise%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?266528">"Excerpt: How To Live & Die"</a>. Outlook India<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Excerpt%3A+How+To+Live+%26+Die&rft.pub=Outlook+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Farticle.aspx%3F266528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAijazuddin2014" class="citation web cs1">Aijazuddin, F. S. (24 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/news/1101851">"Train to Pakistan: 2014"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. Pakistan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Train+to+Pakistan%3A+2014&rft.date=2014-04-24&rft.aulast=Aijazuddin&rft.aufirst=F.+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1101851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2010" class="citation news cs1">Singh, Khushwant (16 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.outlookindia.com/article/how-to-live--die/266528">"How To Live & Die"</a>. <i>Outlook</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Outlook&rft.atitle=How+To+Live+%26+Die&rft.date=2010-10-16&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Farticle%2Fhow-to-live--die%2F266528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPTI2014" class="citation news cs1">PTI (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/books/books-authors/here-lies-one-who-spared-neither-man-nor-god-khushwants-epitaph-for-himself/article5810085.ece">"Here lies one who spared neither man nor God: Khushwant's epitaph for himself"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Here+lies+one+who+spared+neither+man+nor+God%3A+Khushwant%27s+epitaph+for+himself&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.au=PTI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fbooks%2Fbooks-authors%2Fhere-lies-one-who-spared-neither-man-nor-god-khushwants-epitaph-for-himself%2Farticle5810085.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasood2014" class="citation news cs1">Masood, Tariq (15 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/720360/khushwant-singh-the-final-homecoming/">"Khushwant Singh: The final homecoming"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%3A+The+final+homecoming&rft.date=2014-06-15&rft.aulast=Masood&rft.aufirst=Tariq&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F720360%2Fkhushwant-singh-the-final-homecoming%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mukherjee-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mukherjee_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee2014" class="citation web cs1">Mukherjee, Abishek (20 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/khushwant-singh-and-the-cricket-connection-113816">"Khushwant Singh and the cricket connection"</a>. <i>The Cricket Country</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Cricket+Country&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh+and+the+cricket+connection&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft.aulast=Mukherjee&rft.aufirst=Abishek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cricketcountry.com%2Farticles%2Fkhushwant-singh-and-the-cricket-connection-113816&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Akhilesh-honours-Khushwant-Singh/speednewsbytopic/keyid-1482792.cms">"Akhilesh honours Khushwant-Singh"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Akhilesh+honours+Khushwant-Singh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2FAkhilesh-honours-Khushwant-Singh%2Fspeednewsbytopic%2Fkeyid-1482792.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OU-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OU_45-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/khushwant-singh">"Khushwant Singh"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Open_University" title="Open University">Open University</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Khushwant+Singh&rft.pub=Open+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.open.ac.uk%2Fresearchprojects%2Fmakingbritain%2Fcontent%2Fkhushwant-singh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1963" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-nsGAQAAIAAJ"><i>A History of the Sikhs</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Sikhs&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-nsGAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBroomfield1964" class="citation journal cs1">Broomfield, J. H. (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/239500">"A History of the Sikhs . Khushwant Singh"</a>. <i>The Journal of Modern History</i>. <b>36</b> (4): 439–440. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F239500">10.1086/239500</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2801">0022-2801</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Modern+History&rft.atitle=A+History+of+the+Sikhs+.+Khushwant+Singh&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=439-440&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F239500&rft.issn=0022-2801&rft.aulast=Broomfield&rft.aufirst=J.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.1086%2F239500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBobb1984" class="citation web cs1">Bobb, Dilip (15 November 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-the-arts/books/story/19841115-book-review-tragedy-of-punjab-and-bhindranwale-myth-and-reality-803462-1984-11-15">"Book reviews: 'Tragedy of Punjab' and 'Bhindranwale, Myth and Reality'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>India Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Book+reviews%3A+%27Tragedy+of+Punjab%27+and+%27Bhindranwale%2C+Myth+and+Reality%27&rft.date=1984-11-15&rft.aulast=Bobb&rft.aufirst=Dilip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Fmagazine%2Fsociety-the-arts%2Fbooks%2Fstory%2F19841115-book-review-tragedy-of-punjab-and-bhindranwale-myth-and-reality-803462-1984-11-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNath1984" class="citation web cs1">Nath, Aman (15 June 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-the-arts/books/story/19840615-book-review-khushwant-singh-the-sikhs-803022-1984-06-15">"Book review: Khushwant Singh's 'The Sikhs'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>India Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Book+review%3A+Khushwant+Singh%27s+%27The+Sikhs%27&rft.date=1984-06-15&rft.aulast=Nath&rft.aufirst=Aman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Fmagazine%2Fsociety-the-arts%2Fbooks%2Fstory%2F19840615-book-review-khushwant-singh-the-sikhs-803022-1984-06-15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2005" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V_gOp_Kr358C"><i>The Collected Short Stories of Khushwant Singh</i></a>. Orient Blackswan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7530-044-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7530-044-6"><bdi>978-81-7530-044-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Collected+Short+Stories+of+Khushwant+Singh&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-81-7530-044-6&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV_gOp_Kr358C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2006" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (18 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R1JLDQAAQBAJ"><i>More Malicious Gossip</i></a>. Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-93-5029-290-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-93-5029-290-7"><bdi>978-93-5029-290-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=More+Malicious+Gossip&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=2006-09-18&rft.isbn=978-93-5029-290-7&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR1JLDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2004" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QigwYAAACAAJ"><i>Sex, Scotch And Scholarship</i></a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7223-469-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7223-469-0"><bdi>978-81-7223-469-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sex%2C+Scotch+And+Scholarship&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-81-7223-469-0&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQigwYAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/poetic-injustice/205484">"Poetic Injustice"</a>. <i>Outlook India</i>. 6 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Outlook+India&rft.atitle=Poetic+Injustice&rft.date=2022-02-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.outlookindia.com%2Fmagazine%2Fstory%2Fpoetic-injustice%2F205484&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2000" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z5PChZeGPkEC"><i>Khushwant Singh's Big Book of Malice</i></a>. Penguin Books India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-029832-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-029832-1"><bdi>978-0-14-029832-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Khushwant+Singh%27s+Big+Book+of+Malice&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-14-029832-1&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ5PChZeGPkEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2003" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F89YAAAACAAJ"><i>India: An Introduction</i></a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7223-548-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7223-548-2"><bdi>978-81-7223-548-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-81-7223-548-2&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF89YAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_56-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_56-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/photo-stories/khushwant-singhs-10-most-talked-about-books/photostory/32358783.cms">"Khushwant Singh's 10 most talked about books"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 20 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%27s+10+most+talked+about+books&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Flife-style%2Fbooks%2Fphoto-stories%2Fkhushwant-singhs-10-most-talked-about-books%2Fphotostory%2F32358783.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/with-malice-towards-one-and-all-best-of-khushwant-s-columns/story-YlA14F1dFw3js1Gh14ZoJK.html">"With Malice Towards One and All: Best of Khushwant's columns"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 20 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=With+Malice+Towards+One+and+All%3A+Best+of+Khushwant%27s+columns&rft.date=2014-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fwith-malice-towards-one-and-all-best-of-khushwant-s-columns%2Fstory-YlA14F1dFw3js1Gh14ZoJK.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1966" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LHwGAQAAIAAJ"><i>A History of the Sikhs</i></a> (2 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Sikhs&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLHwGAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2004" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MD9uAAAAMAAJ"><i>A History of the Sikhs: 1469–1838</i></a> (2, illustrated ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 434. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195673081" title="Special:BookSources/9780195673081"><bdi>9780195673081</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Sikhs%3A+1469%E2%80%931838&rft.pages=434&rft.edition=2%2C+illustrated&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780195673081&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMD9uAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2005" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lz9uAAAAMAAJ"><i>A History of the Sikhs: 1839–2004</i></a> (2, illustrated ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 547. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195673098" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195673098"><bdi>978-0195673098</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Sikhs%3A+1839%E2%80%932004&rft.pages=547&rft.edition=2%2C+illustrated&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0195673098&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dlz9uAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060917/spectrum/book5.htm">"The Sunday Tribune - Books"</a>. <i>The Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+Sunday+Tribune+-+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F2006%2F20060917%2Fspectrum%2Fbook5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaider2018" class="citation web cs1">Haider, Raana (2 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailystar.net/book-reviews/review-the-sunset-club-1584973">"A Review of The Sunset Club"</a>. <i>The Daily Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=A+Review+of+The+Sunset+Club&rft.date=2018-06-02&rft.aulast=Haider&rft.aufirst=Raana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fbook-reviews%2Freview-the-sunset-club-1584973&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2003" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Khushwant (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L2x3AAAACAAJ"><i>Gods and Godmen of India</i></a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7223-533-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7223-533-8"><bdi>978-81-7223-533-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gods+and+Godmen+of+India&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-81-7223-533-8&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Khushwant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL2x3AAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120318/spectrum/book2.htm">"The Sunday Tribune - Books"</a>. <i>The Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+Sunday+Tribune+-+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F2012%2F20120318%2Fspectrum%2Fbook2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/book-excerpt-the-freethinker-s-prayer-book/story-chDMmTrhoFa2aAoPBBK4eO.html">"Book excerpt: The Freethinker's Prayer Book"</a>. <i>Hindustan Times</i>. 12 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Book+excerpt%3A+The+Freethinker%27s+Prayer+Book&rft.date=2012-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fbook-excerpt-the-freethinker-s-prayer-book%2Fstory-chDMmTrhoFa2aAoPBBK4eO.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freepressjournal.in/book-reviews/khushwantnama">"Khushwantnama"</a>. <i>Free Press Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Free+Press+Journal&rft.atitle=Khushwantnama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.freepressjournal.in%2Fbook-reviews%2Fkhushwantnama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/features/new-book-brings-together-khushwant-singhs-best-on-punjab-and-its-people/articleshow/65421296.cms">"New book brings together Khushwant Singh's best on Punjab and its people"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 16 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=New+book+brings+together+Khushwant+Singh%27s+best+on+Punjab+and+its+people&rft.date=2018-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Flife-style%2Fbooks%2Ffeatures%2Fnew-book-brings-together-khushwant-singhs-best-on-punjab-and-its-people%2Farticleshow%2F65421296.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://travellingthroughwords.com/index.php/2016/06/22/review-the-portrait-of-a-lady-by-khushwant-singh/">"Review: The Portrait of a Lady by Khushwant Singh - Travelling Through Words"</a>. 22 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Review%3A+The+Portrait+of+a+Lady+by+Khushwant+Singh+-+Travelling+Through+Words&rft.date=2016-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftravellingthroughwords.com%2Findex.php%2F2016%2F06%2F22%2Freview-the-portrait-of-a-lady-by-khushwant-singh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/20596191">"The collected short stories of Khushwant Singh"</a>. <i>worldcat.org</i>. 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=worldcat.org&rft.atitle=The+collected+short+stories+of+Khushwant+Singh&rft.date=1989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F20596191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studymoose.com/khushwant-singhs-the-wog-essay">"Khushwant Singh's "The Wog" Free Essay Example"</a>. <i>StudyMoose</i>. 18 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=StudyMoose&rft.atitle=Khushwant+Singh%27s+%22The+Wog%22+Free+Essay+Example&rft.date=2017-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstudymoose.com%2Fkhushwant-singhs-the-wog-essay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140322030359/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6e144baa">"Third Eye: Third World – Free Press?"</a>. British Film Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6e144baa">the original</a> on 22 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Third+Eye%3A+Third+World+%E2%80%93+Free+Press%3F&rft.pub=British+Film+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexplore.bfi.org.uk%2F4ce2b6e144baa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKhushwant+Singh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chopra, Radika."<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130725091836/http://www.museindia.com/regularcontent.asp?issid=44&id=3520">Social Criticism through Social History in Khushwant Singh's non-fiction</a>". Muse India Journal. Issue 44. July–August 2012.</li> <li>Chopra, Radika. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iupindia.in/1306/English%20Studies/Fiction_as_Social_History.html">Fiction as Social History:A Study of Khushwant Singh's Novels</a>". The IUP Journal of English Studies Vol 1. viii, No. 2 June 2013. pp. 59–77.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khushwant_Singh" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Khushwant Singh">Khushwant Singh</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Khushwant_Singh" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Khushwant Singh">Khushwant Singh</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0802153/">Khushwant Singh</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL4543260A">Works by Khushwant Singh</a> at <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/khushwant-singh">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=4089">Essay on Khushwant Singh</a> on <a href="/wiki/The_Literary_Encyclopedia" title="The Literary Encyclopedia">The Literary Encyclopedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kamat.com/database/biographies/khushwant_singh.htm">Biography: Khushwant Singh</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.andrewwhitehead.net/partition-voices-khushwant-singh.html">Khushwant Singh talking about Partition and the writing of 'Train to Pakistan'</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/21px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/42px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/21px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/32px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg/42px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="274" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Literature" title="Portal:Literature">Literature</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/19px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/29px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/38px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Journalism" title="Portal:Journalism">Journalism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/21px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/32px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/42px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sikhism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sikhism" title="Template:Sikhism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sikhism" title="Template talk:Sikhism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sikhism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sikhism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600;font-weight:bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Sikhism" title="Glossary of Sikhism">Glossary</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Sikhism" title="History of Sikhism">History</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_gurus" title="Sikh gurus">Gurus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak" title="Guru Nanak">Guru Nanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Angad" title="Guru Angad">Guru Angad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Amar_Das" title="Guru Amar Das">Guru Amar Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Ram_Das" title="Guru Ram Das">Guru Ram Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Arjan" title="Guru Arjan">Guru Arjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Hargobind" title="Guru Hargobind">Guru Hargobind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Rai" title="Guru Har Rai">Guru Har Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Har_Krishan" title="Guru Har Krishan">Guru Har Krishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Tegh_Bahadur" title="Guru Tegh Bahadur">Guru Tegh Bahadur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="Guru Gobind Singh">Guru Gobind Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a> (Sikh holy book)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh philosophy">Beliefs and principles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Maneyo_Granth" title="Guru Maneyo Granth">Guru Maneyo Granth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Rehat_Maryada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh Rehat Maryada">Sikh Rehat Maryada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_52_Hukams_of_Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="The 52 Hukams of Guru Gobind Singh">The 52 Hukams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prohibitions_in_Sikhism" title="Prohibitions in Sikhism">Prohibitions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_Sikhism" title="Cannabis and Sikhism">Cannabis and Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Diet in Sikhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_practices" title="Category:Sikh practices">Practices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_practices" title="Sikh practices">Sikh practices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_rites" title="Sikh rites">Sikh rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard%C4%81s" title="Ardās">Ardās</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langar_(Sikhism)" title="Langar (Sikhism)">Langar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Karan" title="Naam Karan">Naam Karan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Karaj" title="Anand Karaj">Anand Karaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Sanchar" class="mw-redirect" title="Amrit Sanchar">Amrit Sanchar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Vel%C4%81" title="Amrit Velā">Amrit Velā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antam_Sanskar" title="Antam Sanskar">Antam Sanskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_pillars_of_Sikhism" title="Three pillars of Sikhism">Three Pillars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Karo" title="Kirat Karo">Kirat Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Japo" title="Naam Japo">Naam Japo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vand_Chhako" title="Vand Chhako">Vand Chhako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Five_Ks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Five Ks">The Five Ks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simran" title="Simran">Simran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seva_(Indian_religions)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seva (Indian religions)">Sewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charhdi_Kala" class="mw-redirect" title="Charhdi Kala">Charhdi Kala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasvand" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasvand">Dasvand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhatka" title="Jhatka">Jhatka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_scripture" title="Category:Sikh scripture">Scripture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasam_Granth" title="Dasam Granth">Dasam Granth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarbloh_Granth" title="Sarbloh Granth">Sarbloh Granth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurbani" title="Gurbani">Gurbani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mul_Mantar" title="Mul Mantar">Mul Mantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japji_Sahib" title="Japji Sahib">Japji Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaupai_(Sikhism)" title="Chaupai (Sikhism)">Chaupai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaap_Sahib" title="Jaap Sahib">Jaap Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehras" title="Rehras">Rehras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhmani_Sahib" title="Sukhmani Sahib">Sukhmani Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tav-Prasad_Savaiye" class="mw-redirect" title="Tav-Prasad Savaiye">Tav-Prasad Savaiye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_architecture" title="Sikh architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara" title="Gurdwara">Gurdwara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Temple" title="Golden Temple">Harmandir Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara_Janam_Asthan" title="Gurdwara Janam Asthan">Janam Asthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurdwara_Darbar_Sahib_Kartarpur" title="Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur">Darbar Sahib Kartarpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras" title="List of gurdwaras">List</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Africa" title="List of gurdwaras">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Asia" title="List of gurdwaras">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#Europe" title="List of gurdwaras">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gurdwaras#North_America" title="List of gurdwaras">North America</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadurgarh_Fort" title="Bahadurgarh Fort">Bahadurgarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fateh_Burj" title="Fateh Burj">Fateh Burj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazuri_Bagh_Baradari" title="Hazuri Bagh Baradari">Hazuri Bagh Baradari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesgarh_Qila" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesgarh Qila">Kesgarh Qila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanda_museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanda museum">Khanda museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moti_Bagh_Palace" title="Moti Bagh Palace">Moti Bagh Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanak_Shahi_bricks" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanak Shahi bricks">Nanak Shahi bricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pul_Kanjri" title="Pul Kanjri">Pul Kanjri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qila_Mubarak,_Patiala" title="Qila Mubarak, Patiala">Qila Mubarak, Patiala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramgarhia_Bunga" title="Ramgarhia Bunga">Ramgarhia Bunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samadhi_of_Ranjit_Singh" title="Samadhi of Ranjit Singh">Samadhi of Ranjit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_of_Dina_Nath" title="Well of Dina Nath">Well of Dina Nath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_by_country" title="Sikhism by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_diaspora" title="Sikh diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Afghanistan" title="Sikhism in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Australia" title="Sikhism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Austria" title="Sikhism in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Bangladesh" title="Sikhism in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Belgium" title="Sikhism in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada" title="Sikhism in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Greater_Vancouver" title="Sikhism in Greater Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_China" title="Sikhism in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Denmark" title="Sikhism in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Fiji" title="Sikhism in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Finland" title="Sikhism in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_France" title="Sikhism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Germany" title="Sikhism in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Greece" title="Sikhism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_India" title="Sikhism in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Sikhism in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochin_Sikhs" title="Cochin Sikhs">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Punjab,_India#Sikhism_in_Punjab" title="Demographics of Punjab, India">Punjab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Indonesia" title="Sikhism in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Iran" title="Sikhism in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Iraq" title="Sikhism in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Italy" title="Sikhism in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Japan" title="Sikhism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Malaysia" title="Sikhism in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Nepal" title="Sikhism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_Netherlands" title="Sikhism in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_New_Zealand" title="Sikhism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikhism in Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Norway" title="Sikhism in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Pakistan" title="Sikhism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Panama" title="Sikhism in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Poland" title="Sikhism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Singapore" title="Sikhism in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_South_Africa" title="Sikhism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_South_Korea" title="Sikhism in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Sweden" title="Sikhism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Switzerland" title="Sikhism in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Thailand" title="Sikhism in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Sikhism in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Sikhism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_England" title="Sikhism in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Scotland" title="Sikhism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Wales" title="Sikhism in Wales">Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Sikhism in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_the_United_States" title="Sikhism in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_United_States_military" title="Sikhs in the United States military">U.S. Military</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Groups, sects<br />and communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects of Sikhism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina_(Sikhism)" title="Mina (Sikhism)">Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdhari" title="Namdhari">Namdhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanakpanthi" title="Nanakpanthi">Nanakpanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihang" title="Nihang">Nihang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirankari" title="Nirankari">Nirankari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewapanthi" title="Sewapanthi">Sewapanthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_(sect)" title="Nirmala (sect)">Nirmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramraiya" title="Ramraiya">Ramraiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udasi" title="Udasi">Udasi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhabi_Sikh" title="Mazhabi Sikh">Mazhabi Sikh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piara_Singh_Bhaniara" title="Piara Singh Bhaniara">Piara Singh Bhaniara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrahari_Sikh" title="Agrahari Sikh">Agrahari Sikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatha" title="Jatha">Jatha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damdami_Taksal" title="Damdami Taksal">Damdami Taksal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhand_Kirtani_Jatha" title="Akhand Kirtani Jatha">Akhand Kirtani Jatha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singh_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Singh Sabha">Singh Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Contemporary Sant Mat movements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3HO" title="3HO">3HO</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sikh_Empire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sikh_Empire" title="Template:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sikh_Empire" title="Template talk:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sikh Empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sikh_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Rulers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Singh" title="Ranjit Singh">Ranjit Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharak_Singh" title="Kharak Singh">Kharak Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nau_Nihal_Singh" title="Nau Nihal Singh">Nau Nihal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chand_Kaur" title="Chand Kaur">Chand Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Singh" title="Sher Singh">Sher Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jind_Kaur" title="Jind Kaur">Jind Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duleep_Singh" title="Duleep Singh">Duleep Singh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Military<br />conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mughal-Sikh_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal-Sikh Wars">Mughal-Sikh Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bhangani" title="Battle of Bhangani">Battle of Bhangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nadaun" title="Battle of Nadaun">Nadaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Basoli" title="Battle of Basoli">Basoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Anandpur" class="mw-redirect" title="First Battle of Anandpur">1st Anandpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Anandpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Battle of Anandpur">2nd Anandpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chamkaur_(1704)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Chamkaur (1704)">Chamkaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarsa" title="Battle of Sarsa">Sarsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muktsar" title="Battle of Muktsar">Muktsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sonepat" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sonepat">Sonepat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samana" title="Battle of Samana">Samana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sirhind" title="Siege of Sirhind">Sirhind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sadhaura" title="Battle of Sadhaura">Sadhaura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chappar_Chiri" title="Battle of Chappar Chiri">Chappar Chiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rahon_(1710)" title="Battle of Rahon (1710)">Rahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lohgarh" title="Battle of Lohgarh">Lohgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jalalabad_(1710)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jalalabad (1710)">Jalalabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jammu" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Jammu">Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gurdas_Nangal" title="Battle of Gurdas Nangal">Gurdas Nangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Delhi_(1783)" title="Battle of Delhi (1783)">Delhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afghan%E2%80%93Sikh_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan–Sikh wars">Afghan–Sikh wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Attock" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Attock">Battle of Attock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Multan" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Multan">Battle of Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shopian" title="Battle of Shopian">Battle of Shopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nowshera" title="Battle of Nowshera">Battle of Nowshera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Peshawar_(1834)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Peshawar (1834)">Battle of Peshawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jamrud" title="Battle of Jamrud">Battle of Jamrud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Anglo-Sikh War">First Anglo-Sikh War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mudki" title="Battle of Mudki">Battle of Mudki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ferozeshah" title="Battle of Ferozeshah">Battle of Ferozeshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aliwal" title="Battle of Aliwal">Battle of Aliwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sobraon" title="Battle of Sobraon">Battle of Sobraon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramnagar" title="Battle of Ramnagar">Battle of Ramnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chillianwala" title="Battle of Chillianwala">Battle of Chillianwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Multan_(1848%E2%80%931849)" title="Siege of Multan (1848–1849)">Siege of Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gujrat" title="Battle of Gujrat">Battle of Gujrat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal–Sikh War">Nepal–Sikh War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dogra%E2%80%93Tibetan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogra–Tibetan War">Sino-Sikh war</a>, Katoch–Sikh War, <a href="/wiki/Hill_States%E2%80%93Sikh_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Hill States–Sikh Wars">Hill States–Sikh Wars</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panchayati_Revolution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panchayati Revolution (page does not exist)">Panchayati Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_battles_involving_the_Sikh_Empire" title="List of battles involving the Sikh Empire">List of battles involving the Sikh Empire</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Military forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Khalsa_Army" title="Sikh Khalsa Army">Sikh Khalsa Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauj-i-Khas" title="Fauj-i-Khas">Fauj-i-Khas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauj-i-Ain" title="Fauj-i-Ain">Fauj-i-Ain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampu-i-mu%27alla" title="Kampu-i-mu'alla">Kampu-i-mu'alla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Adversaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Afghanistan" title="Emirate of Afghanistan">Emirate of Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">British East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Kingdom of Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_States_of_India" title="Hill States of India">Hill States Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mankera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Mankera">Kingdom of Mankera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namgyal_dynasty_of_Ladakh" title="Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh">Namgyal dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakzai_dynasty" title="Barakzai dynasty">Barakzai dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhan" title="Sudhan">Sudhans</a> of Poonch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqpon_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Maqpon Dynasty">Maqpon Dynasty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamrud_Fort" title="Jamrud Fort">Jamrud Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan_Fort" title="Multan Fort">Multan Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harkishangarh" class="mw-redirect" title="Harkishangarh">Harkishangarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Fort" title="Lahore Fort">Lahore Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Fort" title="Zorawar Fort">Zorawar Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahu_Fort" title="Bahu Fort">Bahu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobindgarh_Fort" title="Gobindgarh Fort">Gobindgarh Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillaur_Fort" title="Phillaur Fort">Phillaur Fort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Officials and warriors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Natives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhian_Singh" title="Dhian Singh">Dhian Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Dina_Nath" title="Diwan Dina Nath">Diwan Dina Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Bhawani_Das" title="Diwan Bhawani Das">Diwan Bhawani Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Buta_Singh" title="Diwan Buta Singh">Diwan Buta Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratap_Singh_(Sikh_prince)" title="Pratap Singh (Sikh prince)">Pratap Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misr_Diwan_Chand" title="Misr Diwan Chand">Misr Diwan Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Mulraj_Chopra" title="Diwan Mulraj Chopra">Diwan Mulraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Singh_Nalwa" title="Hari Singh Nalwa">Hari Singh Nalwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahan_Singh_Mirpuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahan Singh Mirpuri">Mahan Singh Mirpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Mokham_Chand" title="Dewan Mokham Chand">Dewan Mokham Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khushal_Singh_Jamadar" title="Khushal Singh Jamadar">Khushal Singh Jamadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorawar_Singh_(Dogra_general)" title="Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)">Zorawar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tej_Singh" title="Tej Singh">Tej Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Singh" title="Lal Singh">Lal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulab_Singh" title="Gulab Singh">Gulab Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balbhadra_Kunwar" title="Balbhadra Kunwar">Balbhadra Kunwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawahar_Singh_(wazir)" title="Jawahar Singh (wazir)">Jawahar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehta_Basti_Ram" title="Mehta Basti Ram">Mehta Basti Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sham_Singh_Attariwalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Sham Singh Attariwalla">Sham Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_Singh_Attariwalla" title="Sher Singh Attariwalla">Sher Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattar_Singh_Attariwalla" title="Chattar Singh Attariwalla">Chattar Singh Attariwalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Singh_Majithia" title="Amar Singh Majithia">Amar Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehna_Singh_Majithia" title="Lehna Singh Majithia">Lehna Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjodh_Singh_Majithia" title="Ranjodh Singh Majithia">Ranjodh Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Singh" title="Surat Singh">Surat Singh Majithia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal_Singh_Ramgarhia" title="Mangal Singh Ramgarhia">Mangal Singh Ramgarhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akali_Phula_Singh" title="Akali Phula Singh">Akali Phula Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandu_Lal" title="Chandu Lal">Chandu Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajit_Singh_Sandhawalia" title="Ajit Singh Sandhawalia">Ajit Singh Sandhawalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahan_Singh_Nakai" title="Kahan Singh Nakai">Kahan Singh Nakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangat_Singh_Saini" title="Sangat Singh Saini">Sangat Singh Saini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Hukma_Singh" title="Sardar Hukma Singh">Hukma Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veer_Singh_Dhillon" title="Veer Singh Dhillon">Veer Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarnail_Ghaus_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jarnail Ghaus Khan">Jarnail Ghaus Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilahi_Bakhsh" title="Ilahi Bakhsh">Ilahi Bakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakir_Azizuddin" title="Fakir Azizuddin">Fakir Azizuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Mahmud_Khan" title="Sultan Mahmud Khan">Sultan Mahmud Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Fateh_Khan_Tiwana" title="Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana">Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_Lal_Suri" title="Sohan Lal Suri">Sohan Lal Suri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moti_Ram" title="Moti Ram">Moti Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Ram_Dayal" title="Diwan Ram Dayal">Diwan Ram Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_Kirpa_Ram" title="Diwan Kirpa Ram">Diwan Kirpa Ram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Foreigners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Allard" title="Jean-François Allard">Jean-François Allard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Ventura" title="Jean-Baptiste Ventura">Jean-Baptiste Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Auguste_Court" title="Claude Auguste Court">Claude Auguste Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Henri_Mouton" title="François Henri Mouton">François Henri Mouton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gardner_(soldier)" title="Alexander Gardner (soldier)">Alexander Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Avitabile" title="Paolo Avitabile">Paolo Avitabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Harlan" title="Josiah Harlan">Josiah Harlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Martin_Honigberger" title="Johann Martin Honigberger">Johann Martin Honigberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lawrence_(Indian_Army_officer)" title="Henry Lawrence (Indian Army officer)">Henry Lawrence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Influential families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandhawalia" title="Sandhawalia">Sandhawalia family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majithia_family" title="Majithia family">Majithia family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiwana_family_of_Shahpur" title="Tiwana family of Shahpur">Tiwana family</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Treaties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_(1809)" title="Treaty of Amritsar (1809)">Treaty of Amritsar (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Treaty_(1838)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripartite Treaty (1838)">Tripartite Treaty (1838)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chushul" title="Treaty of Chushul">Treaty of Chushul (1842)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lahore" title="Treaty of Lahore">Treaty of Lahore (1846)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amritsar_(1846)" title="Treaty of Amritsar (1846)">Treaty of Amritsar (1846)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa_Darbar_records" title="Khalsa Darbar records">Khalsa Darbar records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sikh_festivals" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh festivals">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandi_Chhor_Divas" title="Bandi Chhor Divas">Bandi Chhor Divas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hola_Mohalla" title="Hola Mohalla">Hola Mohalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghi" title="Maghi">Maghi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mela_Maghi" title="Mela Maghi">Mela Maghi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaisakhi" title="Vaisakhi">Vaisakhi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhism" title="Category:Sikhism">Other topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sikhism" title="History of Sikhism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_culture" title="Sikh culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_art" title="Sikh art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_music" title="Sikh music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ik_Onkar" title="Ik Onkar">Ik Onkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waheguru" title="Waheguru">Waheguru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanda_(Sikh_symbol)" title="Khanda (Sikh symbol)">Khanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panj_Pyare" title="Panj Pyare">Panj Pyare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_Sikhism" title="Category:Films about Sikhism">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_literature" title="Category:Sikh literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_music" title="Category:Sikh music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_names" title="Sikh names">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_places" title="Category:Sikh places">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_politics" title="Category:Sikh politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_British_Indian_Army" title="Sikhs in the British Indian Army">Sikhs in the British Indian Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Sikh_Regiment" title="11th Sikh Regiment">11th Sikh Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Regiment" title="Sikh Regiment">Sikh Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Light_Infantry" title="Sikh Light Infantry">Sikh Light Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fariduddin_Ganjshakar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fariduddin Ganjshakar">Fariduddin Ganjshakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">Sardar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastar" title="Dastar">Dastar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharamyudh_(Sikhism)" title="Dharamyudh (Sikhism)">Dharamyudh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_Sikhism" title="Islam and Sikhism">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism" title="Jainism and Sikhism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">Hinduism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rama_in_Sikhism" title="Rama in Sikhism">Rama</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhs" title="Category:Sikhs">Sikhs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Sikhism" title="Women in Sikhism">Women in Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_and_sexual_orientation" title="Sikhism and sexual orientation">Sikhism and sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_Sikhism" title="Category:Fiction about Sikhism">In Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idolatry_in_Sikhism" title="Idolatry in Sikhism">Idolatry in Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Sikhism" title="Criticism of Sikhism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab" title="Punjab">Punjab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Punjab" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Punjab">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabis" title="Punjabis">Punjabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi language</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gurmukhi_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhi script">Gurmukhī</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_trees_in_Sikhism" title="Sacred trees in Sikhism">Sacred trees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFC600;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panj_Takht" title="Panj Takht">Takht</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akal_Takht" title="Akal Takht">Akal Takht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Damdama_Sahib" title="Takht Sri Damdama Sahib">Damdama Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Kesgarh_Sahib" title="Takht Kesgarh Sahib">Kesgarh Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazur_Sahib_Nanded" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazur Sahib Nanded">Hazur Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takht_Sri_Patna_Sahib" title="Takht Sri Patna Sahib">Patna Sahib</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC600;font-weight:bold;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Sikhism" title="Outline of Sikhism">Outline</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sikhism" title="Category:Sikhism">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Modern_Sikh_writers_(1848_to_date)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_Sikh_writers" title="Template:Modern Sikh writers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Modern_Sikh_writers" title="Template talk:Modern Sikh writers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Modern_Sikh_writers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Modern Sikh writers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Modern_Sikh_writers_(1848_to_date)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Modern Sikh writers <small><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/India#Modern_India" title="India">1848</a> to date)</span></small></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_philosophy" title="Indian philosophy">Indian philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_writers" title="Category:Sikh writers">Religious writers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harjinder_Singh_Dilgeer" title="Harjinder Singh Dilgeer">Harjinder Singh Dilgeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giani_Sant_Singh_Maskeen" class="mw-redirect" title="Giani Sant Singh Maskeen">Giani Sant Singh Maskeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaswant_Singh_Neki" title="Jaswant Singh Neki">Jaswant Singh Neki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagat_Puran_Singh" title="Bhagat Puran Singh">Bhagat Puran Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Vir_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhai Vir Singh">Bhai Vir Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._B._Singh" title="G. B. Singh">G. B. Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karam_Singh_(historian)" title="Karam Singh (historian)">Karam Singh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Khushwant Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randhir_Singh_(Sikh)" title="Randhir Singh (Sikh)">Randhir Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahib_Singh" title="Sahib Singh">Sahib Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurbachan_Singh_Talib" title="Gurbachan Singh Talib">Gurbachan Singh Talib</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scholars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Arthur_Macauliffe" title="Max Arthur Macauliffe">Max Arthur Macauliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahn_Singh_Nabha" title="Kahn Singh Nabha">Kahn Singh Nabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjot_Oberoi" title="Harjot Oberoi">Harjot Oberoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puran_Singh" title="Puran Singh">Puran Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teja_Singh" title="Teja Singh">Teja Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balbir_Singh_Dr." class="mw-redirect" title="Balbir Singh Dr.">Balbir Singh Dr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_Eastern_religions_writers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of modern Eastern religions writers">List of modern Eastern religions writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_writers_on_Sikhism" title="List of writers on Sikhism">List of writers on Sikhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/48px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/64px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/31px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/47px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/62px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Recipients_of_Padma_Vibhushan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Padma_Vibhushan_Awards" title="Template:Padma Vibhushan Awards"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Padma_Vibhushan_Awards" title="Template talk:Padma Vibhushan Awards"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Padma_Vibhushan_Awards" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Padma Vibhushan Awards"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Recipients_of_Padma_Vibhushan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Vibhushan_award_recipients" title="List of Padma Vibhushan award recipients">Recipients</a> of <a href="/wiki/Padma_Vibhushan" title="Padma Vibhushan">Padma Vibhushan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Alkazi" title="Ebrahim Alkazi">Ebrahim Alkazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishori_Amonkar" title="Kishori Amonkar">Kishori Amonkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabha_Atre" title="Prabha Atre">Prabha Atre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amitabh_Bachchan" title="Amitabh Bachchan">Amitabh Bachchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teejan_Bai" title="Teejan Bai">Teejan Bai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Balamuralikrishna" title="M. Balamuralikrishna">M. Balamuralikrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balasaraswati" title="Balasaraswati">T. Balasaraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._P._Balasubrahmanyam" title="S. P. Balasubrahmanyam">S. P. Balasubrahmanyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asha_Bhosle" title="Asha Bhosle">Asha Bhosle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandalal_Bose" title="Nandalal Bose">Nandalal Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariprasad_Chaurasia" title="Hariprasad Chaurasia">Hariprasad Chaurasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiranjeevi" title="Chiranjeevi">Chiranjeevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girija_Devi" title="Girija Devi">Girija Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumar_Gandharva" title="Kumar Gandharva">Kumar Gandharva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoor_Gopalakrishnan" title="Adoor Gopalakrishnan">Adoor Gopalakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satish_Gujral" title="Satish Gujral">Satish Gujral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangubai_Hangal" title="Gangubai Hangal">Gangubai Hangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupen_Hazarika" title="Bhupen Hazarika">Bhupen Hazarika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._F._Husain" title="M. F. Husain">M. F. Husain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakir_Hussain_(musician)" title="Zakir Hussain (musician)">Zakir Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilaiyaraaja" title="Ilaiyaraaja">Ilaiyaraaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semmangudi_Srinivasa_Iyer" title="Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer">Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Joshi" title="Bhimsen Joshi">Bhimsen Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Akbar_Khan" title="Ali Akbar Khan">Ali Akbar Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amjad_Ali_Khan" title="Amjad Ali Khan">Amjad Ali Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allauddin_Khan" title="Allauddin Khan">Allauddin Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bismillah_Khan" title="Bismillah Khan">Bismillah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Mustafa_Khan_(singer)" title="Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer)">Ghulam Mustafa Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamini_Krishnamurthy" title="Yamini Krishnamurthy">Yamini Krishnamurthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilip_Kumar" title="Dilip Kumar">Dilip Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._K._Laxman" title="R. K. Laxman">R. K. Laxman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birju_Maharaj" title="Birju Maharaj">Birju Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishan_Maharaj" title="Kishan Maharaj">Kishan Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lata_Mangeshkar" title="Lata Mangeshkar">Lata Mangeshkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonal_Mansingh" title="Sonal Mansingh">Sonal Mansingh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallikarjun_Mansur" title="Mallikarjun Mansur">Mallikarjun Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Miranda" title="Mario Miranda">Mario Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhannulal_Mishra" title="Chhannulal Mishra">Chhannulal Mishra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelucharan_Mohapatra" title="Kelucharan Mohapatra">Kelucharan Mohapatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunath_Mohapatra" title="Raghunath Mohapatra">Raghunath Mohapatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasraj" title="Jasraj">Jasraj Motiram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benode_Behari_Mukherjee" title="Benode Behari Mukherjee">Benode Behari Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrishikesh_Mukherjee" title="Hrishikesh Mukherjee">Hrishikesh Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajinikanth" title="Rajinikanth">Rajinikanth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Narayan" title="Ram Narayan">Ram Narayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._K._Pattammal" title="D. K. Pattammal">D. K. Pattammal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Shankar_Pillai" title="K. Shankar Pillai">K. Shankar Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balwant_Moreshwar_Purandare" class="mw-redirect" title="Balwant Moreshwar Purandare">Balwant Moreshwar Purandare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkineni_Nageswara_Rao" title="Akkineni Nageswara Rao">Akkineni Nageswara Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaloji_Narayana_Rao" title="Kaloji Narayana Rao">Kaloji Narayana Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._H._Raza" title="S. H. Raza">S. H. Raza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zohra_Sehgal" title="Zohra Sehgal">Zohra Sehgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uday_Shankar" title="Uday Shankar">Uday Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Shantaram" title="V. Shantaram">V. Shantaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivkumar_Sharma" title="Shivkumar Sharma">Shivkumar Sharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayalpuram_K._Sivaraman" title="Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman">Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Subbulakshmi" title="M. S. Subbulakshmi">M. S. Subbulakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._G._Subramanyan" title="K. G. Subramanyan">K. G. Subramanyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila_Vatsyayan" title="Kapila Vatsyayan">Kapila Vatsyayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homai_Vyarawalla" title="Homai Vyarawalla">Homai Vyarawalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._J._Yesudas" title="K. J. Yesudas">K. J. Yesudas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Civil service</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bimala_Prasad_Chaliha" title="Bimala Prasad Chaliha">Bimala Prasad Chaliha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naresh_Chandra" title="Naresh Chandra">Naresh Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._N._Chaturvedi" title="T. N. Chaturvedi">T. N. Chaturvedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanto_Nath_Chaudhuri" title="Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri">Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suranjan_Das" title="Suranjan Das">Suranjan Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajeshwar_Dayal" title="Rajeshwar Dayal">Rajeshwar Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basanti_Devi" title="Basanti Devi">Basanti Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._N._Dhar" title="P. N. Dhar">P. N. Dhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotindra_Nath_Dixit" title="Jyotindra Nath Dixit">Jyotindra Nath Dixit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Gill" title="M. S. Gill">M. S. Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafiz_Mohamad_Ibrahim" title="Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim">Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._V._R._Iyengar" class="mw-redirect" title="H. V. R. Iyengar">H. V. R. Iyengar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhola_Nath_Jha" title="Bhola Nath Jha">Bhola Nath Jha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._S._Joshi" title="D. S. Joshi">Dattatraya Shridhar Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajudhiya_Nath_Khosla" title="Ajudhiya Nath Khosla">Ajudhiya Nath Khosla</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anand_Krishna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anand Krishna (page does not exist)">Rai Krishnadasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Krishnamurthy" title="V. Krishnamurthy">V. Krishnamurthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramasiva_Prabhakar_Kumaramangalam" title="Paramasiva Prabhakar Kumaramangalam">P. Prabhakar Kumaramangalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratap_Chandra_Lal" title="Pratap Chandra Lal">Pratap Chandra Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._B._Lall" title="K. B. Lall">K. B. Lall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Manekshaw" title="Sam Manekshaw">Sam Manekshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Prakash_Mehra" title="Om Prakash Mehra">Om Prakash Mehra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Sinha_Mehta" title="Mohan Sinha Mehta">Mohan Sinha Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._G._K._Menon" title="M. G. K. Menon">M. G. K. Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brajesh_Mishra" title="Brajesh Mishra">Brajesh Mishra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumati_Morarjee" title="Sumati Morarjee">Sumati Morarjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcot_Ramasamy_Mudaliar" title="Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar">A. Ramasamy Mudaliar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardarilal_Mathradas_Nanda" title="Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda">Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakravarthi_V._Narasimhan" title="Chakravarthi V. Narasimhan">Chakravarthi V. Narasimhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braj_Kumar_Nehru" title="Braj Kumar Nehru">Braj Kumar Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._D._Pande" title="B. D. Pande">Bhairab Dutt Pande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghananand_Pande" title="Ghananand Pande">Ghananand Pande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijaya_Lakshmi_Pandit" title="Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit">Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._V._Rajeswar" title="T. V. Rajeswar">T. V. Rajeswar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._R._Krishnaswamy_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao">C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._V._R._Rao" title="P. V. R. Rao">Pattadakal Venkanna R. Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._R._Varadaraja_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="V. K. R. Varadaraja Rao">V. K. R. V. Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipin_Rawat" title="Bipin Rawat">Bipin Rawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khusro_Faramurz_Rustamji" title="Khusro Faramurz Rustamji">Khusro Faramurz Rustamji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harish_Chandra_Sarin" title="Harish Chandra Sarin">Harish Chandra Sarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binay_Ranjan_Sen" title="Binay Ranjan Sen">Binay Ranjan Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homi_Sethna" title="Homi Sethna">Homi Sethna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjan_Singh" title="Arjan Singh">Arjan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbaksh_Singh" title="Harbaksh Singh">Harbaksh Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Kirpal_Singh_Ji_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant Kirpal Singh Ji Maharaj">Kirpal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlok_Singh_(economist)" title="Tarlok Singh (economist)">Tarlok Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lallan_Prasad_Singh" title="Lallan Prasad Singh">Lallan Prasad Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Sivaraman" title="B. Sivaraman">Balaram Sivaraman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrika_Prasad_Srivastava" title="Chandrika Prasad Srivastava">Chandrika Prasad Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Swaminathan" title="T. Swaminathan">T. Swaminathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arun_Shridhar_Vaidya" title="Arun Shridhar Vaidya">Arun Shridhar Vaidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_Vira" title="Dharma Vira">Dharma Vira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narinder_Nath_Vohra" title="Narinder Nath Vohra">Narinder Nath Vohra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Literature and <br />education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V._S._R._Arunachalam" title="V. S. R. Arunachalam">V. S. R. Arunachalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagdish_Bhagwati" title="Jagdish Bhagwati">Jagdish Bhagwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyendra_Nath_Bose" title="Satyendra Nath Bose">Satyendra Nath Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tara_Chand_(archaeologist)" title="Tara Chand (archaeologist)">Tara Chand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suniti_Kumar_Chatterji" title="Suniti Kumar Chatterji">Suniti Kumar Chatterji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._P._Chattopadhyaya" title="D. P. Chattopadhyaya">D. P. Chattopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhabatosh_Datta" title="Bhabatosh Datta">Bhabatosh Datta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avinash_Dixit" title="Avinash Dixit">Avinash Dixit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahasweta_Devi" title="Mahasweta Devi">Mahasweta Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kenneth_Galbraith" title="John Kenneth Galbraith">John Kenneth Galbraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Gopal" title="Sarvepalli Gopal">Sarvepalli Gopal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshman_Shastri_Joshi" title="Lakshman Shastri Joshi">Lakshman Shastri Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaka_Kalelkar" title="Kaka Kalelkar">Kaka Kalelkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhondo_Keshav_Karve" title="Dhondo Keshav Karve">Dhondo Keshav Karve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopinath_Kaviraj" title="Gopinath Kaviraj">Gopinath Kaviraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radheshyam_Khemka" title="Radheshyam Khemka">Radheshyam Khemka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuvempu" title="Kuvempu">Kuvempu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._N._V._Kurup" title="O. N. V. Kurup">O. N. V. Kurup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasanta_Chandra_Mahalanobis" title="Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis">Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitakant_Mahapatra" title="Sitakant Mahapatra">Sitakant Mahapatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mathai" class="mw-redirect" title="John Mathai">John Mathai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotha_Satchidananda_Murthy" class="mw-redirect" title="Kotha Satchidananda Murthy">Kotha Satchidananda Murthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giani_Gurmukh_Singh_Musafir" class="mw-redirect" title="Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir">Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basanti_Dulal_Nagchaudhuri" title="Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri">Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Ram_Nanda" title="Bal Ram Nanda">Bal Ram Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._K._Narayan" title="R. K. Narayan">R. K. Narayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._Parameswaran" title="P. Parameswaran">P. Parameswaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amrita_Pritam" title="Amrita Pritam">Amrita Pritam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._N._Raj" title="K. N. Raj">K. N. Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Rangarajan" title="C. Rangarajan">C. Rangarajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Rao" title="Raja Rao">Raja Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramoji_Rao" title="Ramoji Rao">Ramoji Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormasji_Maneckji_Seervai" title="Hormasji Maneckji Seervai">Hormasji Maneckji Seervai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajaram_Shastri" title="Rajaram Shastri">Rajaram Shastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._L._Shrimali" title="K. L. Shrimali">Kalu Lal Shrimali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govindbhai_Shroff" title="Govindbhai Shroff">Govindbhai Shroff</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Khushwant Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandeshwar_Prasad_Narayan_Singh" title="Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh">Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premlila_Vithaldas_Thackersey" title="Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey">Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi_Varma" title="Mahadevi Varma">Mahadevi Varma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashir_Hussain_Zaidi" title="Bashir Hussain Zaidi">Bashir Hussain Zaidi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Medicine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jasbir_Singh_Bajaj" title="Jasbir Singh Bajaj">Jasbir Singh Bajaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._K._Goyal" title="B. K. Goyal">B. K. Goyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purshotam_Lal" title="Purshotam Lal">Purshotam Lal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Lakshmanaswami_Mudaliar" title="A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar">A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._I._Padmavati" title="S. I. Padmavati">S. I. Padmavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autar_Singh_Paintal" title="Autar Singh Paintal">Autar Singh Paintal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantilal_Hastimal_Sancheti" title="Kantilal Hastimal Sancheti">Kantilal Hastimal Sancheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balu_Sankaran" title="Balu Sankaran">Balu Sankaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Shanta" title="V. Shanta">V. Shanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithal_Nagesh_Shirodkar" title="Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar">Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prakash_Narain_Tandon" title="Prakash Narain Tandon">Prakash Narain Tandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brihaspati_Dev_Triguna" title="Brihaspati Dev Triguna">Brihaspati Dev Triguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Valiathan" title="M. S. Valiathan">M. S. Valiathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilip_Mahalanabis" title="Dilip Mahalanabis">Dilip Mahalanabis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunderlal_Bahuguna" title="Sunderlal Bahuguna">Sunderlal Bahuguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._K._S._Iyengar" title="B. K. S. Iyengar">B. K. S. Iyengar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rambhadracharya" title="Rambhadracharya">Rambhadracharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwesha_Teertha" class="mw-redirect" title="Vishwesha Teertha">Vishwesha Teertha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._V._Doshi" title="B. V. Doshi">B. V. Doshi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Public affairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L._K._Advani" title="L. K. Advani">L. K. Advani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montek_Singh_Ahluwalia" title="Montek Singh Ahluwalia">Montek Singh Ahluwalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Asaf_Ali" title="Aruna Asaf Ali">Aruna Asaf Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazal_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Fazal Ali">Fazal Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adarsh_Sein_Anand" title="Adarsh Sein Anand">Adarsh Sein Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhav_Shrihari_Aney" title="Madhav Shrihari Aney">Madhav Shrihari Aney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkash_Singh_Badal" title="Parkash Singh Badal">Parkash Singh Badal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikander_Bakht" title="Sikander Bakht">Sikander Bakht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milon_K._Banerji" title="Milon K. Banerji">Milon K. Banerji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Hameedullah_Beg" title="Mirza Hameedullah Beg">Mirza Hameedullah Beg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._N._Bhagwati" title="P. N. Bhagwati">P. N. Bhagwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Chelliah" title="Raja Chelliah">Raja Chelliah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._K._Daphtary" title="C. K. Daphtary">Chandra Kisan Daphtary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niren_De" title="Niren De">Niren De</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Deshmukh" title="C. D. Deshmukh">C. D. Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Lancelot_Dias" title="Anthony Lancelot Dias">Anthony Lancelot Dias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uma_Shankar_Dikshit" title="Uma Shankar Dikshit">Uma Shankar Dikshit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazi_Lhendup_Dorjee" title="Kazi Lhendup Dorjee">Kazi Lhendup Dorjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Fernandes" title="George Fernandes">George Fernandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._B._Gajendragadkar" title="P. B. Gajendragadkar">P. B. Gajendragadkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Gilman" title="Benjamin Gilman">Benjamin Gilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isma%C3%AFl_Omar_Guelleh" title="Ismaïl Omar Guelleh">Ismaïl Omar Guelleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakir_Husain_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zakir Husain (politician)">Zakir Husain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._R._Krishna_Iyer" title="V. R. Krishna Iyer">V. R. Krishna Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagmohan" title="Jagmohan">Jagmohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Chand_Jain" title="Lakshmi Chand Jain">Lakshmi Chand Jain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arun_Jaitley" title="Arun Jaitley">Arun Jaitley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aditya_Nath_Jha" title="Aditya Nath Jha">Aditya Nath Jha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murli_Manohar_Joshi" title="Murli Manohar Joshi">Murli Manohar Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anerood_Jugnauth" title="Anerood Jugnauth">Anerood Jugnauth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Nawaz_Jung" title="Mehdi Nawaz Jung">Mehdi Nawaz Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Yavar_Jung" title="Ali Yavar Jung">Ali Yavar Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Kelkar" title="Vijay Kelkar">Vijay Kelkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Raj_Khanna" title="Hans Raj Khanna">Hans Raj Khanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._N._Khare" title="V. N. Khare">V. N. Khare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._G._Kher" title="B. G. Kher">Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhlaqur_Rahman_Kidwai" title="Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai">Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jivraj_Narayan_Mehta" title="Jivraj Narayan Mehta">Jivraj Narayan Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Krishna_Menon" title="V. K. Krishna Menon">V. K. Krishna Menon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirendranath_Mukherjee" title="Hirendranath Mukherjee">Hirendranath Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajoy_Mukherjee" title="Ajoy Mukherjee">Ajoy Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjee" title="Pranab Mukherjee">Pranab Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmaja_Naidu" title="Padmaja Naidu">Padmaja Naidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkaiah_Naidu" title="Venkaiah Naidu">Venkaiah Naidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulzarilal_Nanda" title="Gulzarilal Nanda">Gulzarilal Nanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govind_Narain" title="Govind Narain">Govind Narain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fali_Sam_Nariman" title="Fali Sam Nariman">Fali Sam Nariman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosei_Norota" title="Hosei Norota">Hosei Norota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanabhoy_Palkhivala" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanabhoy Palkhivala">Nanabhoy Palkhivala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Parasaran" title="K. Parasaran">K. Parasaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Vinayak_Pataskar" title="Hari Vinayak Pataskar">Hari Vinayak Pataskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunder_Lal_Patwa" title="Sunder Lal Patwa">Sunder Lal Patwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharad_Pawar" title="Sharad Pawar">Sharad Pawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._R._Pillai" title="N. R. Pillai">Naryana Raghvan Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Prakasa" title="Sri Prakasa">Sri Prakasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._G._Ranga" title="N. G. Ranga">N. G. Ranga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Narayana_Reddy" title="Ravi Narayana Reddy">Ravi Narayana Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y._Venugopal_Reddy" class="mw-redirect" title="Y. Venugopal Reddy">Y. Venugopal Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Mohammed_Sadiq" title="Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq">Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Sahgal" title="Lakshmi Sahgal">Lakshmi Sahgal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._A._Sangma" title="P. A. Sangma">P. A. Sangma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._C._Setalvad" title="M. C. Setalvad">M. C. Setalvad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyan_Singh" title="Kalyan Singh">Kalyan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karan_Singh" title="Karan Singh">Karan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagendra_Singh" title="Nagendra Singh">Nagendra Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaran_Singh" title="Swaran Singh">Swaran Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Sisulu" title="Walter Sisulu">Walter Sisulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soli_Sorabjee" title="Soli Sorabjee">Soli Sorabjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyan_Sundaram" title="Kalyan Sundaram">Kalyan Sundaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushma_Swaraj" title="Sushma Swaraj">Sushma Swaraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandulal_Madhavlal_Trivedi" title="Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi">Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee" title="Atal Bihari Vajpayee">Atal Bihari Vajpayee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Venkatachaliah" title="M. N. Venkatachaliah">M. N. Venkatachaliah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._K._Venugopal" title="K. K. Venugopal">Kottayan Katankot Venugopal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigme_Dorji_Wangchuck" title="Jigme Dorji Wangchuck">Jigme Dorji Wangchuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._M._Krishna" title="S. M. Krishna">S. M. Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulayam_Singh_Yadav" title="Mulayam Singh Yadav">Mulayam Singh Yadav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Science and <br />engineering</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Aatre" title="V. K. Aatre">V. K. Aatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salim_Ali" title="Salim Ali">Salim Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Borlaug" title="Norman Borlaug">Norman Borlaug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajagopala_Chidambaram" title="Rajagopala Chidambaram">Rajagopala Chidambaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Correa" title="Charles Correa">Charles Correa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satish_Dhawan" title="Satish Dhawan">Satish Dhawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anil_Kakodkar" title="Anil Kakodkar">Anil Kakodkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam" title="A. P. J. Abdul Kalam">A. P. J. Abdul Kalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaswamy_Kasturirangan" title="Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan">Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Har Gobind Khorana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daulat_Singh_Kothari" title="Daulat Singh Kothari">Daulat Singh Kothari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verghese_Kurien" title="Verghese Kurien">Verghese Kurien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghunath_Anant_Mashelkar" title="Raghunath Anant Mashelkar">Raghunath Anant Mashelkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Madhavan_Nair" title="G. Madhavan Nair">G. Madhavan Nair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roddam_Narasimha" title="Roddam Narasimha">Roddam Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayant_Narlikar" title="Jayant Narlikar">Jayant Narlikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_K._Pachauri" title="Rajendra K. Pachauri">Rajendra K. Pachauri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Peary_Pal" title="Benjamin Peary Pal">Benjamin Peary Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yash_Pal" title="Yash Pal">Yash Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._G._Patel" title="I. G. Patel">I. G. Patel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkatraman_Ramakrishnan" class="mw-redirect" title="Venkatraman Ramakrishnan">Venkatraman Ramakrishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._R._Ramanathan" title="K. R. Ramanathan">K. R. Ramanathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Ramanna" title="Raja Ramanna">Raja Ramanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._R._Rao" title="C. R. Rao">C. R. Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._N._R._Rao" title="C. N. R. Rao">C. N. R. Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palle_Rama_Rao" title="Palle Rama Rao">Palle Rama Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi_Ramachandra_Rao" title="Udupi Ramachandra Rao">Udupi Ramachandra Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikram_Sarabhai" title="Vikram Sarabhai">Vikram Sarabhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Mohan_Sharma" title="Man Mohan Sharma">Man Mohan Sharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obaid_Siddiqi" title="Obaid Siddiqi">Obaid Siddiqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Sreedharan" title="E. Sreedharan">E. Sreedharan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._R._Srinivasan" title="M. R. Srinivasan">M. R. Srinivasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._C._George_Sudarshan" title="E. C. George Sudarshan">George Sudarshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Swaminathan" title="M. S. Swaminathan">M. S. Swaminathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" title="Narinder Singh Kapany">Narinder Singh Kapany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._R._Srinivasa_Varadhan" title="S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan">S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Social work</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baba_Amte" title="Baba Amte">Baba Amte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Shastri_Athavale" title="Pandurang Shastri Athavale">Pandurang Shastri Athavale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janaki_Devi_Bajaj" title="Janaki Devi Bajaj">Janaki Devi Bajaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirabehn" title="Mirabehn">Mirabehn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamaladevi_Chattopadhyay" title="Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay">Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durgabai_Deshmukh" title="Durgabai Deshmukh">Durgabai Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanaji_Deshmukh" title="Nanaji Deshmukh">Nanaji Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Deshpande" title="Nirmala Deshpande">Nirmala Deshpande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Dharia" title="Mohan Dharia">Mohan Dharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._N._Dhebar" title="U. N. Dhebar">U. N. Dhebar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_Gracias" title="Valerian Gracias">Valerian Gracias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veerendra_Heggade" title="Veerendra Heggade">Veerendra Heggade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Clubwala_Jadhav" title="Mary Clubwala Jadhav">Mary Clubwala Jadhav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaganvihari_Lallubhai_Mehta" title="Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta">Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usha_Mehta" title="Usha Mehta">Usha Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Joshi" title="Nirmala Joshi">Sister Nirmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Sengupta" title="Nellie Sengupta">Nellie Sengupta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viswanathan_Anand" title="Viswanathan Anand">Viswanathan Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Kom" title="Mary Kom">Mary Kom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachin_Tendulkar" title="Sachin Tendulkar">Sachin Tendulkar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;font-weight:normal;">Trade and industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="padding:0;line-height:1.3em; white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhirubhai_Ambani" title="Dhirubhai Ambani">Dhirubhai Ambani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._D._Birla" title="G. D. Birla">Ghanshyam Das Birla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashok_Sekhar_Ganguly" title="Ashok Sekhar Ganguly">Ashok Sekhar Ganguly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aga_Khan_IV" title="Aga Khan IV">Karim Al Hussaini Aga Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi_Mittal" title="Lakshmi Mittal">Lakshmi Mittal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anil_Manibhai_Naik" class="mw-redirect" title="Anil Manibhai Naik">Anil Manibhai Naik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._R._Narayana_Murthy" title="N. R. Narayana Murthy">N. R. Narayana Murthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Narasimham" title="M. Narasimham">M. Narasimham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Raj_Singh_Oberoi" title="Prithvi Raj Singh Oberoi">Prithvi Raj Singh Oberoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azim_Premji" title="Azim Premji">Azim Premji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prathap_C._Reddy" title="Prathap C. Reddy">Prathap C. Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._D._Tata" title="J. R. D. Tata">J. R. D. Tata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratan_Tata" title="Ratan Tata">Ratan Tata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_awards_templates" title="Category:Indian awards templates">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_India" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject India">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1970–1979)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Padma_Bhushan_Award_Recipients_1970%E2%80%931979" title="Template:Padma Bhushan Award Recipients 1970–1979"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Padma_Bhushan_Award_Recipients_1970%E2%80%931979" title="Template talk:Padma Bhushan Award Recipients 1970–1979"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Padma_Bhushan_Award_Recipients_1970%E2%80%931979" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Padma Bhushan Award Recipients 1970–1979"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1970–1979)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Padma_Bhushan" title="Padma Bhushan">Padma Bhushan</a> award recipients (1970–1979)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramkinkar_Baij" title="Ramkinkar Baij">Ramkinkar Baij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirabai_Barodekar" title="Hirabai Barodekar">Hirabai Barodekar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhadeb_Bosu" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhadeb Bosu">Buddhadeb Bosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiya_Chakravarty" title="Amiya Chakravarty">Amiya Chakravarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Avinashilingam_Chettiar" class="mw-redirect" title="T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar">T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lala_Hansraj_Gupta" title="Lala Hansraj Gupta">Lala Hansraj Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratan_Lal_Joshi" title="Ratan Lal Joshi">Ratan Lal Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurram_Jashuva" title="Gurram Jashuva">Gurram Jashuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayan_Sadoba_Kajrolkar" title="Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar">Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumari_Kamala" title="Kumari Kamala">Kumari Kamala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._K._Kelkar" title="P. K. Kelkar">P. K. Kelkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Krishnan_(geologist)" title="M. S. Krishnan (geologist)">M. S. Krishnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Abdul_Latif_(writer)" title="Syed Abdul Latif (writer)">Syed Abdul Latif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwantrao_Mandloi" title="Bhagwantrao Mandloi">Bhagwantrao Mandloi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahesh_Prasad_Mehray" title="Mahesh Prasad Mehray">Mahesh Prasad Mehray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sombhu_Mitra" title="Sombhu Mitra">Sombhu Mitra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivekananda_Mukhopadhyaya" title="Vivekananda Mukhopadhyaya">Vivekananda Mukhopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaswami_Ramiah" title="Krishnaswami Ramiah">Krishnaswami Ramiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annasaheb_Sahasrabuddhe" title="Annasaheb Sahasrabuddhe">Anant alias Annasaheb Sahasrabuddhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrendar_Saini" title="Surrendar Saini">Surrendar Saini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viswanatha_Satyanarayana" title="Viswanatha Satyanarayana">Viswanatha Satyanarayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Jan_Thirakwa" title="Ahmed Jan Thirakwa">Ahmed Jan Thirakwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._M._Wagle" title="N. M. Wagle">N. M. Wagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Nath_Wahi" title="Prem Nath Wahi">Prem Nath Wahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashpal" title="Yashpal">Yashpal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1971</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/N._Ramaswami_Ayyar" title="N. Ramaswami Ayyar">N. Ramaswami Ayyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suraj_Bhan" title="Suraj Bhan">Suraj Bhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokulbhai_Bhatt" title="Gokulbhai Bhatt">Gokulbhai Bhatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaishankar_Bhojak" title="Jaishankar Bhojak">Jaishankar Bhojak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._M._Cherian_(journalist)" title="K. M. Cherian (journalist)">Kandathil Mammen Cherian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramrao_Deshmukh" title="Ramrao Deshmukh">Ramrao Deshmukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satish_Dhawan" title="Satish Dhawan">Satish Dhawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abasaheb_Garware" title="Abasaheb Garware">Abasaheb Garware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangubai_Hangal" title="Gangubai Hangal">Gangubai Hangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musiri_Subramania_Iyer" title="Musiri Subramania Iyer">Musiri Subramania Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palghat_Mani_Iyer" title="Palghat Mani Iyer">Palghat Mani Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mungtu_Ram_Jaipuria" title="Mungtu Ram Jaipuria">Mungtu Ram Jaipuria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veni_Shankar_Jha" title="Veni Shankar Jha">Veni Shankar Jha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainendra_Kumar" title="Jainendra Kumar">Jainendra Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_Kapoor" title="Raj Kapoor">Raj Kapoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhananjay_Keer" title="Dhananjay Keer">Dhananjay Keer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Khan_(singer)" title="Amir Khan (singer)">Amir Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisar_Hussain_Khan" title="Nisar Hussain Khan">Nisar Hussain Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Kunchu_Kurup" title="Guru Kunchu Kurup">Guru Kunchu Kurup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._K._Laxman" title="R. K. Laxman">R. K. Laxman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantilal_Jamnadas_Mehta" title="Shantilal Jamnadas Mehta">Shantilal Jamnadas Mehta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ved_Rattan_Mohan" title="Ved Rattan Mohan">Ved Rattan Mohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupada_Mukhopadhyaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishnupada Mukhopadhyaya">Bishnupada Mukhopadhyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalindi_Charan_Panigrahi" title="Kalindi Charan Panigrahi">Kalindi Charan Panigrahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manibhai_J._Patel" title="Manibhai J. Patel">Manibhai J. Patel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._K._Pattammal" title="D. K. Pattammal">D. K. Pattammal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnarao_Phulambrikar" title="Krishnarao Phulambrikar">Krishnarao Phulambrikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkatarama_Ramalingam_Pillai" title="Venkatarama Ramalingam Pillai">Venkatarama Ramalingam Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulimiri_Ramalingaswami" title="Vulimiri Ramalingaswami">Vulimiri Ramalingaswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suresh_Chandra_Roy" title="Suresh Chandra Roy">Suresh Chandra Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Vasudeo_Sukhatme" title="Pandurang Vasudeo Sukhatme">Pandurang Vasudeo Sukhatme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pichu_Sambamoorthi" title="Pichu Sambamoorthi">Pichu Sambamoorthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwati_Charan_Verma" title="Bhagwati Charan Verma">Bhagwati Charan Verma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmeshwari_Lal_Verma" title="Parmeshwari Lal Verma">Parmeshwari Lal Verma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1972</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagjit_Singh_Aurora" title="Jagjit Singh Aurora">Jagjit Singh Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavrao_Bagal" title="Madhavrao Bagal">Madhavrao Bagal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopal_Gurunath_Bewoor" title="Gopal Gurunath Bewoor">Gopal Gurunath Bewoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulestan_Rustom_Billimoria" title="Gulestan Rustom Billimoria">Gulestan Rustom Billimoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunhiraman_Palat_Candeth" title="Kunhiraman Palat Candeth">Kunhiraman Palat Candeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Narayan_Chakravarti" title="Ram Narayan Chakravarti">Ram Narayan Chakravarti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashodhara_Dasappa" title="Yashodhara Dasappa">Yashodhara Dasappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Chand_Dewan" title="Hari Chand Dewan">Hari Chand Dewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minoo_Merwan_Engineer" title="Minoo Merwan Engineer">Minoo Merwan Engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inderjit_Singh_Gill" title="Inderjit Singh Gill">Inderjit Singh Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhumal_Hiranand_Hiranandani" title="Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani">Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._A._Krishna_Iyer" title="L. A. Krishna Iyer">L. A. Krishna Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sourendra_Nath_Kohli" title="Sourendra Nath Kohli">Sourendra Nath Kohli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jai_Krishna" title="Jai Krishna">Jai Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilakanta_Krishnan" title="Nilakanta Krishnan">Nilakanta Krishnan</a></li> <li>Ashwini Kumar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pran_Nath_Luthra" title="Pran Nath Luthra">Pran Nath Luthra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._G._Krishna_Murti" title="N. G. Krishna Murti">N. G. Krishna Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._A._Pai" title="T. A. Pai">T. A. Pai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayakrao_Patwardhan" title="Vinayakrao Patwardhan">Vinayakrao Patwardhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dattatraya_Yeshwant_Phadke" title="Dattatraya Yeshwant Phadke">Dattatraya Yeshwant Phadke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhalchandra_Nilkanth_Purandare" title="Bhalchandra Nilkanth Purandare">Bhalchandra Nilkanth Purandare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapishwar_Narain_Raina" title="Tapishwar Narain Raina">Tapishwar Narain Raina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Ram" title="Bharat Ram">Bharat Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohinder_Singh_Randhawa" title="Mohinder Singh Randhawa">Mohinder Singh Randhawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adya_Rangacharya" title="Adya Rangacharya">Adya Rangacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._B._Ramachandra_Rao" title="M. B. Ramachandra Rao">M. B. Ramachandra Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._S._Rao" title="A. S. Rao">A. S. Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sujoy_B._Roy" title="Sujoy B. Roy">Sujoy Bhushan Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khusro_Faramurz_Rustamji" title="Khusro Faramurz Rustamji">Khusro Faramurz Rustamji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantilal_C._Sheth" title="Shantilal C. Sheth">Shantilal C. Sheth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldev_Singh_(neurologist)" title="Baldev Singh (neurologist)">Baldev Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khem_Karan_Singh" title="Khem Karan Singh">Khem Karan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sartaj_Singh_(general)" title="Sartaj Singh (general)">Sartaj Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagat_Singh" title="Sagat Singh">Sagat Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birendranath_Sircar" title="Birendranath Sircar">Birendranath Sircar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papanasam_Sivan" title="Papanasam Sivan">Papanasam Sivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrika_Prasad_Srivastava" title="Chandrika Prasad Srivastava">Chandrika Prasad Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Swaminathan" title="M. S. Swaminathan">M. S. Swaminathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Swaminathan" title="K. Swaminathan">K. Swaminathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Dattatreya_Tilak" title="Bal Dattatreya Tilak">Bal Dattatreya Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Husain_Zaheer" title="Syed Husain Zaheer">Syed Husain Zaheer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1973</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Om_P._Bahl" title="Om P. Bahl">Om P. Bahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chembai" title="Chembai">Chembai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harindranath_Chattopadhyay" title="Harindranath Chattopadhyay">Harindranath Chattopadhyay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banarsidas_Chaturvedi" title="Banarsidas Chaturvedi">Banarsidas Chaturvedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._A._Muthiah_Chettiar" title="M. A. Muthiah Chettiar">M. A. Muthiah Chettiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._F._Husain" title="M. F. Husain">M. F. Husain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pothan_Joseph" title="Pothan Joseph">Pothan Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._R._Malkani" title="N. R. Malkani">N. R. Malkani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinoo_Mankad" title="Vinoo Mankad">Vinoo Mankad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._M._Muzumdar" title="R. M. Muzumdar">R. M. Muzumdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnarao_Shankar_Pandit" title="Krishnarao Shankar Pandit">Krishnarao Shankar Pandit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitambar_Pant" title="Pitambar Pant">Pitambar Pant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vennelakanti_Raghavayya" title="Vennelakanti Raghavayya">Vennelakanti Raghavayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Ramanna" title="Raja Ramanna">Raja Ramanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Sukumaran_(journalist)" title="K. Sukumaran (journalist)">K. Sukumaran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1974</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Boner" title="Alice Boner">Alice Boner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Bulcke" title="Camille Bulcke">Camille Bulcke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Kumar_Caroli" title="Ram Kumar Caroli">Ram Kumar Caroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhirendra_Nath_Ganguly" title="Dhirendra Nath Ganguly">Dhirendra Nath Ganguly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._V._Gundappa" title="D. V. Gundappa">D. V. Gundappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Huzurbazar" title="V. S. Huzurbazar">V. S. Huzurbazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chintamoni_Kar" title="Chintamoni Kar">Chintamoni Kar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogubai_Kurdikar" title="Mogubai Kurdikar">Mogubai Kurdikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayant_Pandurang_Naik" title="Jayant Pandurang Naik">Jayant Pandurang Naik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_Rahman_(architect)" title="Habib Rahman (architect)">Habib Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._N._Reddy" class="mw-redirect" title="B. N. Reddy">B. N. Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(bishop_of_Car_Nicobar)" title="John Richardson (bishop of Car Nicobar)">John Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toppur_Seethapathy_Sadasivan" title="Toppur Seethapathy Sadasivan">Toppur Seethapathy Sadasivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhlal_Sanghvi" title="Sukhlal Sanghvi">Sukhlal Sanghvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasmukh_Dhirajlal_Sankalia" title="Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia">Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaideva_Singh" title="Jaideva Singh">Jaideva Singh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Khushwant Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachala_Sreenivasan" title="Arunachala Sreenivasan">Arunachala Sreenivasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raman_Viswanathan" title="Raman Viswanathan">Raman Viswanathan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Begum_Akhtar" title="Begum Akhtar">Begum Akhtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilbagh_Singh_Athwal" title="Dilbagh Singh Athwal">Dilbagh Singh Athwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asima_Chatterjee" title="Asima Chatterjee">Asima Chatterjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhav_Sadashiv_Gore" title="Madhav Sadashiv Gore">Madhav Sadashiv Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratul_Chandra_Gupta" title="Pratul Chandra Gupta">Pratul Chandra Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._K._Iyengar" title="P. K. Iyengar">P. K. Iyengar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darab_Jehangir_Jussawala" title="Darab Jehangir Jussawala">Darab Jehangir Jussawala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancheti_Koteswaram" title="Pancheti Koteswaram">Pancheti Koteswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasudev_Vishnu_Mirashi" title="Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi">Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balai_Chand_Mukhopadhyay" title="Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay">Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirpal_Singh_Narang" title="Kirpal Singh Narang">Kirpal Singh Narang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Carlton_Vivian_Piadade_Noronha" title="Ronald Carlton Vivian Piadade Noronha">Ronald Carlton Vivian Piadade Noronha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratan_Shastri" title="Ratan Shastri">Ratan Shastri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Adiseshiah" title="Malcolm Adiseshiah">Malcolm Adiseshiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harivansh_Rai_Bachchan" title="Harivansh Rai Bachchan">Harivansh Rai Bachchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabakanta_Barua" title="Nabakanta Barua">Nabakanta Barua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laxmanshastri_Balaji_Joshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi">Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Godrej" title="Naval Godrej">Naoroji Pirojsha Godrej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zehra_Ali_Yavar_Jung" title="Zehra Ali Yavar Jung">Zehra Ali Yavar Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallikarjun_Mansur" title="Mallikarjun Mansur">Mallikarjun Mansur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yash_Pal" title="Yash Pal">Yash Pal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhogilal_Pandya" title="Bhogilal Pandya">Bhogilal Pandya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udupi_Ramachandra_Rao" title="Udupi Ramachandra Rao">Udupi Ramachandra Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaswami_Srinivas_Sanjivi" title="Krishnaswami Srinivas Sanjivi">Krishnaswami Srinivas Sanjivi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devulapalli_Krishnasastri" title="Devulapalli Krishnasastri">Devulapalli Krishnasastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Sivaramamurti" title="C. Sivaramamurti">C. Sivaramamurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._C._George_Sudarshan" title="E. C. George Sudarshan">E. C. George Sudarshan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1977</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gopinath_Aman" title="Gopinath Aman">Gopinath Aman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_Singh_Azad" title="Prithvi Singh Azad">Prithvi Singh Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harish-Chandra" title="Harish-Chandra">Harish-Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumar_Gandharva" title="Kumar Gandharva">Kumar Gandharva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulrenu_Guha" title="Phulrenu Guha">Phulrenu Guha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagmohan" title="Jagmohan">Jagmohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailas_Nath_Kaul" title="Kailas Nath Kaul">Kailas Nath Kaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Husain" title="Yusuf Husain">Yusuf Husain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._S._Narayanaswamy" title="K. S. Narayanaswamy">K. S. Narayanaswamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balasubramaniam_Ramamurthi" title="Balasubramaniam Ramamurthi">Balasubramaniam Ramamurthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perugu_Siva_Reddy" title="Perugu Siva Reddy">Perugu Siva Reddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Devi" title="Annapurna Devi">Annapurna Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yudhvir_Singh" title="Yudhvir Singh">Yudhvir Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Srinivas" title="M. N. Srinivas">M. N. Srinivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._P._Meenakshisundaram" title="T. P. Meenakshisundaram">Thenpattinam Ponnusamy Meenakshi Sundaran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div># Posthumous conferral <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1954%E2%80%931959)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1954–1959)">1954–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1960%E2%80%931969)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1960–1969)">1960–1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1970%E2%80%931979)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1970–1979)">1970–1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1980%E2%80%931989)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1980–1989)">1980–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(1990%E2%80%931999)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1990–1999)">1990–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(2000%E2%80%932009)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (2000–2009)">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(2010%E2%80%932019)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (2010–2019)">2010–2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Padma_Bhushan_award_recipients_(2020%E2%80%932029)" title="List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (2020–2029)">2020–2029</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Template:Sahitya Akademi Fellowship"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Template talk:Sahitya Akademi Fellowship"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sahitya Akademi Fellowship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sahitya_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Sahitya Akademi Fellowship">Sahitya Akademi Fellowship</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1968–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan</a> (1968)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/D._R._Bendre" title="D. R. Bendre">D. R. Bendre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarasankar_Bandyopadhyay" title="Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay">Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumitranandan_Pant" title="Sumitranandan Pant">Sumitranandan Pant</a>, <a href="/wiki/C._Rajagopalachari" title="C. Rajagopalachari">C. Rajagopalachari</a> (1969)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vaikom_Muhammad_Basheer" title="Vaikom Muhammad Basheer">Vaikom Muhammad Basheer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firaq_Gorakhpuri" title="Firaq Gorakhpuri">Firaq Gorakhpuri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Sakharam_Khandekar" title="Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar">Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viswanatha_Satyanarayana" title="Viswanatha Satyanarayana">Viswanatha Satyanarayana</a> (1970)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaka_Kalelkar" title="Kaka Kalelkar">Kaka Kalelkar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gopinath_Kaviraj" title="Gopinath Kaviraj">Gopinath Kaviraj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurbaksh_Singh" title="Gurbaksh Singh">Gurbaksh Singh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalindi_Charan_Panigrahi" title="Kalindi Charan Panigrahi">Kalindi Charan Panigrahi</a> (1971)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Masti_Venkatesha_Iyengar" title="Masti Venkatesha Iyengar">Masti Venkatesha Iyengar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangharam_Udharam_Malkani" title="Mangharam Udharam Malkani">Mangharam Udharam Malkani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nilmoni_Phukan_(Senior)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilmoni Phukan (Senior)">Nilmoni Phukan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasudev_Vishnu_Mirashi" title="Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi">Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukumar_Sen_(linguist)" title="Sukumar Sen (linguist)">Sukumar Sen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=V._R._Trivedi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="V. R. Trivedi (page does not exist)">V. R. Trivedi</a> (1973)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/T._P._Meenakshisundaram" title="T. P. Meenakshisundaram">T. P. Meenakshisundaram</a> (1975)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Atmaram_Ravaji_Deshpande" title="Atmaram Ravaji Deshpande">Atmaram Ravaji Deshpande</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainendra_Kumar" title="Jainendra Kumar">Jainendra Kumar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuvempu" title="Kuvempu">Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa 'Kuvempu'</a>, <a href="/wiki/V._Raghavan" title="V. Raghavan">V. Raghavan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mahadevi_Varma" title="Mahadevi Varma">Mahadevi Varma</a> (1979)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Umashankar_Joshi" title="Umashankar Joshi">Umashankar Joshi</a>, <a href="/wiki/K._R._Srinivasa_Iyengar" title="K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar">K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar</a>, <a href="/wiki/K._Shivaram_Karanth" class="mw-redirect" title="K. Shivaram Karanth">K. Shivaram Karanth</a> (1985)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mulk_Raj_Anand" title="Mulk Raj Anand">Mulk Raj Anand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinayaka_Krishna_Gokak" title="Vinayaka Krishna Gokak">Vinayaka Krishna Gokak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laxmanshastri_Balaji_Joshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi">Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amritlal_Nagar" title="Amritlal Nagar">Amritlal Nagar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thakazhi_Sivasankara_Pillai" title="Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai">Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annada_Shankar_Ray" title="Annada Shankar Ray">Annada Shankar Ray</a> (1989)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nagarjun" title="Nagarjun">Nagarjun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balamani_Amma" title="Balamani Amma">Balamani Amma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashapurna_Devi" title="Ashapurna Devi">Ashapurna Devi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qurratulain_Hyder" title="Qurratulain Hyder">Qurratulain Hyder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Bhikaji_Kolte" title="Vishnu Bhikaji Kolte">Vishnu Bhikaji Kolte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanhu_Charan_Mohanty" title="Kanhu Charan Mohanty">Kanhu Charan Mohanty</a>, <a href="/wiki/P._T._Narasimhachar" title="P. T. Narasimhachar">P. T. Narasimhachar</a>, <a href="/wiki/R._K._Narayan" title="R. K. Narayan">R. K. Narayan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harbhajan_Singh_(poet)" title="Harbhajan Singh (poet)">Harbhajan Singh</a> (1994)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jayakanthan" title="Jayakanthan">Jayakanthan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinda_Karandikar" title="Vinda Karandikar">Vinda Karandikar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vidya_Niwas_Mishra" title="Vidya Niwas Mishra">Vidya Niwas Mishra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subhash_Mukhopadhyay_(poet)" title="Subhash Mukhopadhyay (poet)">Subhash Mukhopadhyay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raja_Rao" title="Raja Rao">Raja Rao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sachidananda_Routray" title="Sachidananda Routray">Sachidananda Routray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Sobti" title="Krishna Sobti">Krishna Sobti</a> (1996)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Syed_Abdul_Malik" title="Syed Abdul Malik">Syed Abdul Malik</a>, <a href="/wiki/K._S._Narasimhaswamy" title="K. S. Narasimhaswamy">K. S. Narasimhaswamy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gunturu_Seshendra_Sarma" title="Gunturu Seshendra Sarma">Gunturu Seshendra Sarma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Shah_(author)" title="Rajendra Shah (author)">Rajendra Shah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ram_Vilas_Sharma" title="Ram Vilas Sharma">Ram Vilas Sharma</a>, <a href="/wiki/N._Khelchandra_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="N. Khelchandra Singh">N. Khelchandra Singh</a> (1999)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Narayan_Dandekar" title="Ramchandra Narayan Dandekar">Ramchandra Narayan Dandekar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rehman_Rahi" title="Rehman Rahi">Rehman Rahi</a> (2000)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ram_Nath_Shastri" title="Ram Nath Shastri">Ram Nath Shastri</a> (2001)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaifi_Azmi" title="Kaifi Azmi">Kaifi Azmi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Govind_Chandra_Pande" title="Govind Chandra Pande">Govind Chandra Pande</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nilmani_Phookan_(Junior)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilmani Phookan (Junior)">Nilamani Phookan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhisham_Sahni" title="Bhisham Sahni">Bhisham Sahni</a> (2002)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kovilan" title="Kovilan">Kovilan</a>, <a href="/wiki/U._R._Ananthamurthy" title="U. R. Ananthamurthy">U. R. Ananthamurthy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vijaydan_Detha" title="Vijaydan Detha">Vijaydan Detha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhadriraju_Krishnamurti" title="Bhadriraju Krishnamurti">Bhadriraju Krishnamurti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amrita_Pritam" title="Amrita Pritam">Amrita Pritam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shankha_Ghosh" title="Shankha Ghosh">Shankha Ghosh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nirmal_Verma" title="Nirmal Verma">Nirmal Verma</a> (2004)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Manoj_Das" title="Manoj Das">Manoj Das</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Prabhakar" title="Vishnu Prabhakar">Vishnu Prabhakar</a> (2006)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Anita_Desai" title="Anita Desai">Anita Desai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kartar_Singh_Duggal" title="Kartar Singh Duggal">Kartar Singh Duggal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ravindra_Kelekar" title="Ravindra Kelekar">Ravindra Kelekar</a> (2007)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gopi_Chand_Narang" title="Gopi Chand Narang">Gopi Chand Narang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramakanta_Rath" title="Ramakanta Rath">Ramakanta Rath</a> (2009)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chandranath_Mishra_Amar" title="Chandranath Mishra Amar">Chandranath Mishra Amar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kunwar_Narayan" title="Kunwar Narayan">Kunwar Narayan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bholabhai_Patel" title="Bholabhai Patel">Bholabhai Patel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kedarnath_Singh" title="Kedarnath Singh">Kedarnath Singh</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Khushwant Singh</a> (2010)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Raghuveer_Chaudhari" title="Raghuveer Chaudhari">Raghuveer Chaudhari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arjan_Hasid" title="Arjan Hasid">Arjan Hasid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sitakant_Mahapatra" title="Sitakant Mahapatra">Sitakant Mahapatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/M._T._Vasudevan_Nair" title="M. T. Vasudevan Nair">M. T. Vasudevan Nair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asit_Rai" title="Asit Rai">Asit Rai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satya_Vrat_Shastri" title="Satya Vrat Shastri">Satya Vrat Shastri</a> (2013)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/S._L._Bhyrappa" title="S. L. Bhyrappa">Santeshivara Lingannaiah Bhyrappa</a>, <a href="/wiki/C._Narayana_Reddy" title="C. Narayana Reddy">C. Narayana Reddy</a> (2014)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nirendranath_Chakravarty" title="Nirendranath Chakravarty">Nirendranath Chakravarty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurdial_Singh" title="Gurdial Singh">Gurdial Singh</a> (2016)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Honorary Fellows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Léopold Sédar Senghor</a> (1974)</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_C._Dimock,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward C. Dimock, Jr. (page does not exist)">Edward C. Dimock, Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._H._Ingalls_Sr." title="Daniel H. H. Ingalls Sr.">Daniel H. H. Ingalls Sr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamil_Zvelebil" title="Kamil Zvelebil">Kamil Zvelebil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ji_Xianlin" title="Ji Xianlin">Ji Xianlin</a> (1996)</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vassilis_Vitsaxis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vassilis Vitsaxis (page does not exist)">Vassilis Vitsaxis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Chelyshev" title="Eugene Chelyshev">Eugene Chelyshev</a> (2002)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ronald_E._Asher" title="Ronald E. Asher">Ronald E. Asher</a> (2007)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abhimanyu_Unnuth" title="Abhimanyu Unnuth">Abhimanyu Unnuth</a> (2013)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premchand Fellowship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Intizar_Hussain" title="Intizar Hussain">Intizar Hussain</a> (2005), <a href="/wiki/Kishwar_Naheed" title="Kishwar Naheed">Kishwar Naheed</a> (2016)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ananda Coomaraswamy Fellowship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Senake_Bandaranayake" title="Senake Bandaranayake">Senake Bandaranayake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chie_Nakane" title="Chie Nakane">Chie Nakane</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Azad_N._Shamatov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Azad N. Shamatov (page does not exist)">Azad N. Shamatov</a> (1996)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1130092004"><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/21px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/32px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/42px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:India" title="Portal:India">India</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/21px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/32px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/42px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740716#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740716#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740716#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109293645">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/101362078">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/8122/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcGhDMVm8bmVbGBTMwKVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119405237">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50024653">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11987047v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11987047v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00456713">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Khushwant Singh"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/MILV060588">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35808040">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1300156">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070034400">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201500501">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810642923905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007263606005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058525749906706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01372463?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1096686">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119405237.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027934667">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6zb1mv0">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&oldid=1258041043">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&oldid=1258041043</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1915_births" title="Category:1915 births">1915 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2014_deaths" title="Category:2014 deaths">2014 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_civil_servants" title="Category:Indian civil servants">Indian civil servants</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_Foreign_Service_officers" title="Category:Indian Foreign Service officers">Indian Foreign Service officers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Modern_School_(New_Delhi)_alumni" title="Category:Modern School (New Delhi) alumni">Modern School (New Delhi) alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Category:Alumni of King's College London">Alumni of King's College London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_King%27s_College_London" title="Category:Fellows of King's College London">Fellows of King's College London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Alumni of the University of London">Alumni of the University of London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_columnists" title="Category:Indian columnists">Indian columnists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_male_journalists" title="Category:Indian male journalists">Indian male journalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_newspaper_editors" title="Category:Indian newspaper editors">Indian newspaper editors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_male_novelists" title="Category:Indian male novelists">Indian male novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_sceptics" title="Category:Indian sceptics">Indian sceptics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novelists_from_Punjab,_India" title="Category:Novelists from Punjab, India">Novelists from Punjab, India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Padma_Bhushan_in_literature_%26_education" title="Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education">Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in literature & education</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Padma_Vibhushan_in_literature_%26_education" title="Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in literature & education">Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in literature & education</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Lahore" title="Category:People from Lahore">People from Lahore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Khushab_District" title="Category:People from Khushab District">People from Khushab District</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_agnostics" title="Category:Indian agnostics">Indian agnostics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_College_University,_Lahore_alumni" title="Category:Government College University, Lahore alumni">Government College University, Lahore alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_atheists" title="Category:Indian atheists">Indian atheists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_Sikhs" title="Category:Former Sikhs">Former Sikhs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scholars_of_Sikhism" title="Category:Scholars of Sikhism">Scholars of Sikhism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sikh_writers" title="Category:Sikh writers">Sikh writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Delhi_University_alumni" title="Category:Delhi University alumni">Delhi University alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nominated_members_of_the_Rajya_Sabha" title="Category:Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha">Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Indian_novelists" title="Category:20th-century Indian novelists">20th-century Indian novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_male_short_story_writers" title="Category:Indian male short story writers">Indian male short story writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Indian_short_story_writers" title="Category:20th-century Indian short story writers">20th-century Indian short story writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Indian_dramatists_and_playwrights" title="Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights">20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_male_dramatists_and_playwrights" title="Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights">Indian male dramatists and playwrights</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Indian_journalists" title="Category:20th-century Indian journalists">20th-century Indian journalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Journalists_from_Punjab,_India" title="Category:Journalists from Punjab, India">Journalists from Punjab, India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dramatists_and_playwrights_from_Punjab,_India" title="Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Punjab, India">Dramatists and playwrights from Punjab, India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Indian_male_writers" title="Category:20th-century Indian male writers">20th-century Indian male writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Category:People from Punjab Province (British India)">People from Punjab Province (British India)</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_August_2016" title="Category:EngvarB from August 2016">EngvarB from August 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2024">Use dmy dates from April 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Open_Library_ID_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Open Library ID different from Wikidata">Open Library ID different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Open_Library_links" title="Category:Articles with Open Library links">Articles with Open Library links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 21:09<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khushwant_Singh&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7zwfr","wgBackendResponseTime":185,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.029","walltime":"1.308","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5997,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":320686,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6398,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":308236,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 976.026 1 -total"," 41.29% 402.964 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.29% 188.321 8 Template:Navbox"," 14.27% 139.252 15 Template:Cite_news"," 11.91% 116.204 35 Template:Cite_web"," 11.10% 108.362 1 Template:Infobox_writer"," 10.66% 104.038 1 Template:Infobox"," 9.90% 96.578 1 Template:Sikhism"," 7.99% 77.966 18 Template:Cite_book"," 7.48% 73.001 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.563","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7574738,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-xz5ct","timestamp":"20241122140757","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Khushwant Singh","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khushwant_Singh","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1740716","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1740716","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-09-21T19:17:54Z","dateModified":"2024-11-17T21:09:14Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e4\/The_Speaker%2C_Lok_Sabha%2C_Shri_Somnath_Chatterjee_presenting_National_Amity_Award_to_Shri_Khushwant_Singh_at_a_function%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_September_26%2C_2008_%28cropped%29.jpg","headline":"Indian author, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician (1914\u20132014)"}</script> </body> </html>