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div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #006150; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Eugenics" title="Category:Eugenics">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#006150; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF"><b>Eugenics Movement</b></span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #DEB71E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Historical trajectory</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li>Ancient <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jus_trium_liberorum#Eugenic_implications" title="Jus trium liberorum">Jus trium liberorum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lex_Papia_Poppaea" title="Lex Papia Poppaea">Lex Papia Poppaea</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_views_on_incest" title="Jewish views on incest">Jewish views on incest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incest_in_the_Bible" title="Incest in the Bible">Incest in the Bible</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malthusian_League" title="Malthusian League">Malthusian League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenic_feminism" title="Eugenic feminism">Eugenic feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_eugenics" title="Nazi eugenics">Nazi eugenics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_for_the_Prevention_of_Hereditarily_Diseased_Offspring" title="Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring">Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily<br />Diseased Offspring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_Health_Court" title="Hereditary Health Court">Hereditary Health Courts</a></li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Racial_hygiene" title="Racial hygiene">Racial hygiene</a>" <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lebensborn" title="Lebensborn">Lebensborn</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_Holocaust" title="Romani Holocaust">Romani Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors%27_Trial" title="Doctors' Trial">Doctors' Trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_in_the_United_States" title="Eugenics in the United States">US eugenics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slave_breeding_in_the_United_States" title="Slave breeding in the United States">Slave breeding in the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_Survey_of_Vermont" title="Eugenics Survey of Vermont">Eugenics Survey of Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneida_stirpiculture" title="Oneida stirpiculture">Oneida stirpiculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1924" title="Immigration Act of 1924">Immigration Act of 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterilization_law_in_the_United_States" title="Sterilization law in the United States">Sterilization law in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buck_v._Bell" title="Buck v. Bell">Buck v. Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doe_ex._rel._Tarlow_v._District_of_Columbia" title="Doe ex. rel. Tarlow v. District of Columbia">Doe ex. rel. Tarlow v. District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrigal_v._Quilligan" title="Madrigal v. Quilligan">Madrigal v. Quilligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poe_v._Lynchburg_Training_School_%26_Hospital" title="Poe v. Lynchburg Training School & Hospital">Poe v. Lynchburg Training School & Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinner_v._Oklahoma" title="Skinner v. Oklahoma">Skinner v. Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stump_v._Sparkman" title="Stump v. Sparkman">Stump v. Sparkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Sterilization_Act_of_1924" title="Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924">Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Canadian Eugenics</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Famous_Five_(Canada)" title="The Famous Five (Canada)">The Famous Five</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_Sterilization_Act" title="Sexual Sterilization Act">Sexual Sterilization Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_in_Japan" title="Eugenics in Japan">Japanese eugenics</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hispanic eugenics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_in_Mexico" title="Eugenics in Mexico">Mexican eugenics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control_movement_in_the_United_States#Eugenics_and_race" title="Birth control movement in the United States">Birth control movement in the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_sterilisation_in_Sweden" title="Compulsory sterilisation in Sweden">Swedish sterilization program (1906–1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_sterilization_in_Peru" title="Forced sterilization in Peru">Peruvian sterilization program (1990–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_planning_in_Singapore" title="Population planning in Singapore">Population planning in Singapore</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neo-eugenics" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-eugenics">Neo-eugenics</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/He_Jiankui_genome_editing_incident" title="He Jiankui genome editing incident">He Jiankui genome editing incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_genetic_enhancement" title="Human genetic enhancement">Human genetic enhancement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_response_to_assisted_reproductive_technology" title="Religious response to assisted reproductive technology">Religious response to assisted<br />reproductive technology</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #DEB71E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Pre-war academic proponents</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Brigham" title="Carl Brigham">Brigham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_Burbank" title="Luther Burbank">Burbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Carrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Davenport" title="Charles Davenport">Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Darwin" title="Leonard Darwin">Darwin (Leonhard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_DeCourcy_Ward" title="Robert DeCourcy Ward">DeCourcy Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_M._Elderton" title="Ethel M. Elderton">Elderton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Fisher" title="Ronald Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton">Galton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Ruggles_Gates" title="Reginald Ruggles Gates">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Goldscheid" title="Rudolf Goldscheid">Goldscheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Grant" title="Madison Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Gruber" title="Max von Gruber">Gruber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_F._K._G%C3%BCnther" title="Hans F. K. Günther">Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_F._Guyer" title="Michael F. Guyer">Guyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._S._Haldane#Ectogenesis_and_in_vitro_fertilisation" title="J. B. S. Haldane">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traian_Herseni" title="Traian Herseni">Herseni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Jackson_Holmes#Eugenics" title="Samuel Jackson Holmes">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ale%C5%A1_Hrdli%C4%8Dka#Controversy_and_criticism" title="Aleš Hrdlička">Hrdlička</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer_Jennings" title="Herbert Spencer Jennings">Jennings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Starr_Jordan#Eugenics" title="David Starr Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Youwei" title="Kang Youwei">Kang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmine_Key" title="Wilhelmine Key">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Kraepelin" title="Emil Kraepelin">Kraepelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lenz" title="Fritz Lenz">Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivey_Foreman_Lewis" title="Ivey Foreman Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_London#Eugenics" title="Jack London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Magnussen" title="Karin Magnussen">Magnussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabin_Manuil%C4%83" title="Sabin Manuilă">Manuilă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otfrid_Mittmann" title="Otfrid Mittmann">Mittmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliano_Moreira" title="Juliano Moreira">Moreira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Munro" title="William B. Munro">Munro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Nordau" title="Max Nordau">Nordau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fairfield_Osborn" title="Henry Fairfield Osborn">Osborn (Henry Fairfield)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Guangdan" title="Pan Guangdan">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Pearson#Political_views_and_eugenics" title="Karl Pearson">Pearson (Karl)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Farnham_Perkins" title="Henry Farnham Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eusebio_Hern%C3%A1ndez_P%C3%A9rez" title="Eusebio Hernández Pérez">Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ploetz" title="Alfred Ploetz">Ploetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Quetelet" title="Adolphe Quetelet">Quetelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisc_Rainer#Biological_anthropology" title="Francisc Rainer">Rainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Relgis#Eugenics" title="Eugen Relgis">Relgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Schallmayer" title="Wilhelm Schallmayer">Schallmayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Scharffenberg" title="Johan Scharffenberg">Scharffenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Sergeevich_Serebrovsky" title="Alexander Sergeevich Serebrovsky">Serebrovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Sergi" title="Giuseppe Sergi">Sergi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliot_Slater" title="Eliot Slater">Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Ernest_Southard" title="Elmer Ernest Southard">Southard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothrop_Stoddard" title="Lothrop Stoddard">Stoddard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._W._Taussig#Beliefs" title="F. W. Taussig">Taussig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Terman#Eugenics" title="Lewis Terman">Terman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla#On_society" title="Nikola Tesla">Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Thorndike#Eugenics" title="Edward Thorndike">Thorndike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Vacher_de_Lapouge" title="Georges Vacher de Lapouge">Vacher de Lapouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otmar_Freiherr_von_Verschuer" title="Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer">Verschuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Yerkes#Intelligence_testing_and_eugenics" title="Robert Yerkes">Yerkes</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #DEB71E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Post-war academic remnants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Agar#Work_on_human_enhancement" title="Nicholas Agar">Agar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Bell" title="Julia Bell">Bell (Julia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Blacker" title="Carlos Blacker">Blacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_Carl" title="Noah Carl">Carl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedric_Carter" title="Cedric Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Cattell" title="Raymond Cattell">Cattell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Coleman_(demographer)#Career" title="David Coleman (demographer)">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Darlington#Sociobiology_and_the_Lysenko_Affair" title="C. D. Darlington">Darlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelio_Jos%C3%A9_Figueredo" title="Aurelio José Figueredo">Figueredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Fleischman" title="Diana Fleischman">Fleischman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Garrett_(psychologist)" title="Henry Garrett (psychologist)">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Glad" title="John Glad">Glad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Hardin" title="Garrett Hardin">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._S._Haldane#Ectogenesis_and_in_vitro_fertilisation" title="J. B. S. Haldane">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hanania" title="Richard Hanania">Hanania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Nash_Herndon" title="C. Nash Herndon">Herndon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Huxley#Eugenics_and_race" title="Julian Huxley">Huxley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Ingle" title="Dwight Ingle">Ingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Itzkoff" title="Seymour Itzkoff">Itzkoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_Kallmann" title="Franz Josef Kallmann">Kallmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watson_Kirkconnell" title="Watson Kirkconnell">Kirkconnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lene_Koch" title="Lene Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Lederberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz#Nazism" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertil_Lundman" title="Bertil Lundman">Lundman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lynn" title="Richard Lynn">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._MacEachran" title="John M. MacEachran">MacEachran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karin_Magnussen" title="Karin Magnussen">Magnussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Miller_(psychologist)" title="Geoffrey Miller (psychologist)">Miller (Geoffrey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_M._Miller" title="Edward M. Miller">Miller (Edward M.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley#Racist_and_eugenicist_views" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Joseph_Muller" title="Hermann Joseph Muller">Muller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Murray_(political_scientist)" title="Charles Murray (political scientist)">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_te_Nijenhuis" title="Jan te Nijenhuis">Nijenhuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmuth_Nyborg" title="Helmuth Nyborg">Nyborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Osborn" title="Frederick Osborn">Osborn (Frederick)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Pearson_(anthropologist)" title="Roger Pearson (anthropologist)">Pearson (Roger)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Pendell" title="Elmer Pendell">Pendell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pitt-Rivers" title="George Pitt-Rivers">Pitt-Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Popenoe" title="Paul Popenoe">Popenoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Rostand" title="Jean Rostand">Rostand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Savulescu#Procreative_beneficence" title="Julian Savulescu">Savulescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_L._Shapiro" title="Harry L. Shapiro">Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sloterdijk" title="Peter Sloterdijk">Sloterdijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otmar_Freiherr_von_Verschuer" title="Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer">Verschuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Vining_Jr." title="Daniel Vining Jr.">Vining Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkmar_Weiss" title="Volkmar Weiss">Weiss</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #DEB71E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Pamphlets and manifestos</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_Genius" title="Hereditary Genius">Hereditary Genius</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1869)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inquiries_into_Human_Faculty_and_Its_Development" title="Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development">Inquiries into Human Faculty and<br />Its Development</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1883)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Degeneration_(Nordau)" title="Degeneration (Nordau)">Degeneration</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1892–1893)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gallia_(novel)#Eugenicist_thought_in_Gallia" title="Gallia (novel)">Gallia</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1895)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Blood_of_the_Nation:_A_Study_in_the_Decay_of_Races_by_the_Survival_of_the_Unfit" class="mw-redirect" title="The Blood of the Nation: A Study in the Decay of Races by the Survival of the Unfit">The Blood of the Nation</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1901/1910)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Training_of_the_Human_Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="The Training of the Human Plant">The Training of the Human Plant</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1907)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Essays_in_Eugenics" class="mw-redirect" title="Essays in Eugenics">Essays in Eugenics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1909)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heredity_in_Relation_to_Eugenics" title="Heredity in Relation to Eugenics">Heredity in Relation to Eugenics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1911)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mankind_at_the_Crossroads" class="mw-redirect" title="Mankind at the Crossroads">Mankind at the Crossroads</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1923)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daedalus;_or,_Science_and_the_Future" title="Daedalus; or, Science and the Future">Daedalus; or, Science and the Future</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1924)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_raza_c%C3%B3smica" title="La raza cósmica">La raza cósmica</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1925)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_and_Morals" title="Marriage and Morals">Marriage and Morals</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1929)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Genetical_Theory_of_Natural_Selection#Eugenics" title="The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection">The Genetical Theory of Natural<br />Selection</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1930)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Man,_the_Unknown" title="Man, the Unknown">Man, the Unknown</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1935)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Us,_or_the_World_as_it_Might_Be" title="After Us, or the World as it Might Be">After Us</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1936)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_manifesto" title="Eugenics manifesto">Eugenics manifesto</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1939)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Bottles_for_New_Wine" class="mw-redirect" title="New Bottles for New Wine">New Bottles for New Wine</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1950)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Marching_Morons" title="The Marching Morons">The Marching Morons</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1951)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dance_with_the_Devil" class="mw-redirect" title="The Dance with the Devil">The Dance with the Devil</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1958)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Civilized_Man%27s_Eight_Deadly_Sins" title="Civilized Man's Eight Deadly Sins">Civilized Man's Eight Deadly Sins</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beyondism" class="mw-redirect" title="Beyondism">Beyondism</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dysgenics:_Genetic_Deterioration_in_Modern_Populations" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysgenics: Genetic Deterioration in Modern Populations">Dysgenics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rules_for_the_Human_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Rules for the Human Park">Rules for the Human Park</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eugenics:_A_Reassessment" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugenics: A Reassessment">Eugenics: A Reassessment</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Eugenics" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Eugenics">Jewish Eugenics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2011)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Selective_Breeding_and_the_Birth_of_Philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective Breeding and the Birth of Philosophy">Selective Breeding and the Birth of<br />Philosophy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2023)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #DEB71E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Without significant post-war activity</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Birth_Control_League#History" title="American Birth Control League">ABCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Eugenics_Board" title="Alberta Eugenics Board">Alberta Eugenics Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Study_and_Prevention_of_Infant_Mortality" title="American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality">AASPIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Eugenics_Society" title="American Eugenics Society">AES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Institution_for_Science#Departments_on_life_studies" title="Carnegie Institution for Science">Carnegie Institution for Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory#History" title="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory">CSHL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-operative_Women%27s_Guild" title="Co-operative Women's Guild">Co-operative Women's Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_Board_of_North_Carolina" title="Eugenics Board of North Carolina">EBNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenics_Record_Office" title="Eugenics Record Office">ERO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Foundation_for_the_Study_of_Human_Problems" title="French Foundation for the Study of Human Problems">Carrel Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galton_Laboratory" title="Galton Laboratory">Galton Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Society_for_Racial_Hygiene" title="German Society for Racial Hygiene">German Society for Racial Hygiene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heredity_Commission" title="Heredity Commission">Heredity Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Betterment_Foundation" title="Human Betterment Foundation">HBF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Betterment_League" title="Human Betterment League">Human Betterment League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Restriction_League" title="Immigration Restriction League">Immigration Restriction League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_d%27%C3%A9tudes_d%C3%A9mographiques#history" title="Institut national d'études démographiques">INED</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Ethnology_and_Eugenics" title="International Association for the Advancement of Ethnology and Eugenics">IAAEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Eugenics_Conference" title="International Eugenics Conference">International Eugenics Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Eugenics_Organizations" title="International Federation of Eugenics Organizations">IFEO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_Institute_of_Anthropology,_Human_Heredity,_and_Eugenics" title="Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics">Kaiser Wilhelm Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_of_Psychiatry#History" title="Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry">Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_Association_of_America" title="Population Association of America">PAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_Betterment_Foundation" title="Race Betterment Foundation">Race Betterment Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_Hygiene_Association_of_New_South_Wales" title="Racial Hygiene Association of New South Wales">RHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Institute_for_Racial_Biology" title="State Institute for Racial Biology">State Institute for Racial Biology</a></li></ul> <p><b>With significant post-war activity</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Annals_of_Human_Genetics#Annals_of_Eugenics" title="Annals of Human Genetics">Annals of Eugenics</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Renamed "<i>Annals of Human Genetics</i>" 1954)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Immigration_Studies#History_and_funding" title="Center for Immigration Studies">CIS</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Eugenics_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eugenics Review">The Eugenics Review</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Renamed "<i>Journal of Biosocial Science</i>" 1968)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Research_and_Education_on_Eugenics_and_Dysgenics" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation for Research and Education on Eugenics and Dysgenics">FREED</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Diversity_Foundation" title="Human Diversity Foundation">HDF</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Social,_Political_and_Economic_Studies" title="Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies">J. Soc. Political Econ. Stud.</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Conference_on_Intelligence" title="London Conference on Intelligence">LCI</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mankind_Quarterly" title="Mankind Quarterly">Mankind Quarterly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OpenPsych" title="OpenPsych">OpenPsych</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Prevention" title="Project Prevention">Project Prevention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repository_for_Germinal_Choice" title="Repository for Germinal Choice">Repository for Germinal Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Institute_for_Social_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Institute for Social Research">Ulster Institute for Social Research</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #DEB71E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_engineering" title="Demographic engineering">Demographic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysgenics" title="Dysgenics">Dysgenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_discrimination" title="Genetic discrimination">Genetic discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_eugenics" title="History of eugenics">History of eugenics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idiocracy" title="Idiocracy">Idiocracy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedigree_chart" title="Pedigree chart">Pedigree chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Cattell_bibliography" title="Raymond Cattell bibliography">Raymond Cattell bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Fisher_bibliography" title="Ronald Fisher bibliography">Ronald Fisher bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_breeding" title="Selective breeding">Selective breeding</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg/14px-Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg/21px-Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg/29px-Newton%27s_reflecting_telescope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="1276" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:History_of_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:History of Science">History of Science portal</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eugenics_sidebar" title="Template:Eugenics sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eugenics_sidebar" title="Template talk:Eugenics sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eugenics_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eugenics sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hispanic eugenics</b> are a positive eugenics based around the political purification of a people, developed in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Interwar_period" title="Interwar period">interwar period</a> and put into practice in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>, eventually being made into political policy in <a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">Francoist Spain</a>. The concept was first expounded upon in the 1930s by men like <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Vallejo-N%C3%A1jera" title="Antonio Vallejo-Nájera">Antonio Vallejo-Nájera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Mara%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Gregorio Marañón">Gregorio Marañón</a>. It was heavily influenced by Roman Catholicism. Much of this was realized through <a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">Francoist</a> policies around the role of women and their bodies. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Race_and_ideology">Race and ideology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Race and ideology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eugenics in Spain in the late 1930s and through to the 1940s was not based on race, but instead on people's political alignment with the regime. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricardo_Campos_(historian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricardo Campos (historian) (page does not exist)">Ricardo Campos</a> said, "the racial question during the Franco era is complex." He went on to say, "despite the similarities of the Franco regime with the Italian and German fascism and the interest that the eugenics provoked, the strong Catholicism of the regime prevented its defense of the eugenic policies that were practiced in the Nazi Germany." Campos's translated text went on to say, "it was very difficult to racialize the Spanish population biologically because of the mixture that had been produced historically."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Vallejo-Nágera in his 1937 work, <i>Eugenics of the Hispanicity and Regeneration of the Race</i> defined Hispanicness around spirituality and religion. The goal was the "strengthening psychologically" of the phenotype. Because Catholicism was opposed to negative eugenics, the only way to fight the degradation was through repression of abortion, euthanasia and contraception.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideological_pioneers">Ideological pioneers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ideological pioneers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hispanic eugenics was pioneered by doctors like <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Vallejo-N%C3%A1jera" title="Antonio Vallejo-Nájera">Antonio Vallejo Nájera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Mara%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Gregorio Marañón">Gregorio Marañón</a>. <i>Antes que te cases</i> was published by Nájera in 1946, with one part saying, "Racial decadence is the result of many things but the most important is conjugal unhappiness in the most prosperous and happy of homes. ... Eugenic precepts may avoid morbid offspring. ... It is impossible a robust race without a sound preparation of youth for marriage, through Catholic Morality.  This little work is a minuscule contribution to the exaltation of the Fatherland."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Vallejo-N%C3%A1jera" title="Antonio Vallejo-Nájera">Vallejo Nájera</a>'s 1937 book, <i>Eugenesia de la Hispanidad y la regeneración de la raza</i> outlined the purpose of Hispanic eugenics as being about returning Spain to its historical glory by purifying not the Spanish race, but Spain's political ideology.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marañón's 1921 <i>Maternidad y feminismo</i>, republished as a second edition in 1951, said, "The difference between the sexes is insurmountable. Such difference emerges from the anatomical surface of each man and woman, and it goes to the deepest, darkest roots of life, to the home of the cells."<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catholic_influence">Catholic influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Catholic influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Science was viewed as a complement to Catholic eugenics in Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hispanic eugenics has, in comparison to <a href="/wiki/Nazi_eugenics" title="Nazi eugenics">Nazi Germany</a>, been tremendously influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Haro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco Haro (page does not exist)">Francisco Haro</a>'s 1930 <i>Eugenesia y Matrimonio</i>, he wanted to see the introduction of marriage certificates to insure morality in eugenic practices through the use of positive population control instead of negative population control. His thinking was informed by Catholic tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hispanic eugenics were further supported out of condemnation of the left, who supported negative eugenics policies and who were anti-clerical in their outlook. This made Hispanic eugenicists more likely to support positive eugenics with a Catholic tie in.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Women's_reproduction_in_Spain"><span id="Women.27s_reproduction_in_Spain"></span>Women's reproduction in Spain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Women's reproduction in Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_sexuality_in_Francoist_Spain" title="Women's sexuality in Francoist Spain">Women's sexuality in Francoist Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sex_education_in_Francoist_Spain_and_the_democratic_transition" title="Sex education in Francoist Spain and the democratic transition">Sex education in Francoist Spain and the democratic transition</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Contraception_in_Francoist_Spain_and_the_democratic_transition" title="Contraception in Francoist Spain and the democratic transition">Contraception in Francoist Spain and the democratic transition</a></div> <p>Doctors in Francoist Spain had two roles: to be moral protectors of Spanish reproduction and to provide science based medical services.  This put male doctors in charge of women's birth control. When medical doctors in the Second Republic and early Francoist period defended birth control, it was on the eugenics grounds that it protected the health of both women and children, especially as it related to the spread of genetic disease and the spread of tuberculosis and sexually transmitted diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-:282_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:282-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hispanic eugenics and <a href="/wiki/Natalism" title="Natalism">pronatalism</a> were viewed as key components of addressing the decline in the Spanish birth rate and the need for an increased population size to serve the needs of the Spanish state during the Francoist period. Policies around this eugenics program involved bans on abortion, infanticide, contraception and information around contraception. This practice was started as policy during the <a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera">Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera</a>, discontinued by the Second Republic and then picked up again as a national level policy by Francoists. Anything that was viewed by the state as interfering with women's reproduction activities and increasing the size of the Spanish population size were viewed as being in opposition to the state. All activities that stopped this began to become defined by the regime as crimes.<sup id="cite_ref-:222_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:222-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anyone who did not fit into traditional gender norms and who expressed any deviance from Roman Catholic sexual norms was viewed as a sexual pervert. While some women quietly questioned their biologically determined place in society, male intellectuals provided rationals to support Francoist policies that used medical and biological sciences, along with anatomy and physiological studies.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These works often drew on <a href="/wiki/Phrenology" title="Phrenology">phrenological</a> works by doctors such as <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_Gall" title="Franz Joseph Gall">Franz Joseph Gall</a> that were later translated into Spanish. <a href="/wiki/Carmen_de_Burgos" title="Carmen de Burgos">Carmen de Burgos Seguí</a> published one such translation in <i>La inferioridad mental de la mujer</i> which said, "Many female characteristics are very similar to those of beasts; mainly the lack of a main of their own. Since the beginning of times they have functions like that, hence the human race would be stagnated in its original state if there were only women."<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Franco government found an ally in their anti-abortion beliefs and practices in the Roman Catholic Church.<sup id="cite_ref-:2222_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2222-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those within the Catholic Church wrote in support of the law, with Father Jaime Pujiula, Professor of the Colegio Máximo de San Ignacio de Sarriá and member of the Royal Academies of Sciences of Madrid and Medicine of Barcelona<sup id="cite_ref-:2222_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2222-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> saying, "The fruit that is lost criminally would be perhaps the most robust man, the healthiest, the most intelligent to raise the same society or to renew it or print new directions and directions." It is also an attack against population problems. of society and Eugenics, not only the women who cause the abortion, but the perverse midwives and doctors conspired with them to perpetrate the crime for the vile spirit of profit are responsible before God, before society and before the Eugenics."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because midwives appeared to be so frequently involved in sharing knowledge about abortion and contraceptives and performing abortions, the male led scientific community in Spain tried to marginalize these women. Professionalization in medicine would help to further relegate the importance of midwives in Spain. Further attempts to dislodge midwives from the birthing process included accusing them of witchcraft and quackery, trying to make them appear unscientific. This was all part of a medical and eugenic science driven effort to reduce the number of abortions in Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-:2223_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2223-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PSOE introduced legislation to legalize abortion in 1983 through an amendment to Spain's penal code.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abortion was finally made legal by Congress later that year by a vote of 186 - 50, but did not enter into legal effect until July 1985 as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coalici%C3%B3n_Popular&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coalición Popular (page does not exist)">Coalición Popular</a> (now <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Spain)" title="People's Party (Spain)">Partido Popular</a>) challenged the constitutionality of the law. The decriminalization of abortion was allowed for three reasons. The first was that it was ethical in the case of rape. The second was it could be a necessary to save the life of the mother. The third reason was that <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenic</a>, allowing abortion in case of fetal malformation.<sup id="cite_ref-:92_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:92-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Hispanic eugenics conference took place from 21 April to 10 May 1933 in Madrid, where topics like eugenics, divorce, abortion, birth control and prostitution were discussed by over fifty intellectuals.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Catalans" title="Catalans">Catalan</a> eugenics supporters were advocating their own form of Hispanic eugenics by 1934, with its leading advocates including <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermenegildo_Puig_i_Sais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermenegildo Puig i Sais (page does not exist)">Hermenegildo Puig i Sais</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Josep_A._Vandell%C3%B3s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josep A. Vandellós (page does not exist)">Josep A. Vandellós</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pompeu_Fabra" title="Pompeu Fabra">Pompeu Fabra</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francesiso_Maspons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francesiso Maspons (page does not exist)">Francesiso Maspons</a>. Josep A. Vandellós published his first book advocating Catalan eugenics in 1934. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Societat_Catalana_d%27Eugen%C3%A8sia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Societat Catalana d'Eugenèsia (page does not exist)">Societat Catalana d'Eugenèsia</a> was founded that year. Their purpose was to create an improved Catalan people.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Limpieza_de_sangre" title="Limpieza de sangre">Limpieza de sangre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Relgis#Eugenics" title="Eugen Relgis">Eugen Relgis#Eugenics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elespanol.com/ciencia/salud/20180313/rojos-judios-franco-eugenesia-regimen/291471872_0.html">"Los rojos fueron los 'judíos' de Franco: así fue la eugenesia del régimen"</a>. <i>El Español</i> (in European Spanish). 2018-03-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Espa%C3%B1ol&rft.atitle=Los+rojos+fueron+los+%27jud%C3%ADos%27+de+Franco%3A+as%C3%AD+fue+la+eugenesia+del+r%C3%A9gimen&rft.date=2018-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elespanol.com%2Fciencia%2Fsalud%2F20180313%2Frojos-judios-franco-eugenesia-regimen%2F291471872_0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorcillo2010" class="citation book cs1">Morcillo, Aurora G. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OllkigpBDsIC"><i>The Seduction of Modern Spain: The Female Body and the Francoist Body Politic</i></a>. Bucknell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780838757536" title="Special:BookSources/9780838757536"><bdi>9780838757536</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Seduction+of+Modern+Spain%3A+The+Female+Body+and+the+Francoist+Body+Politic&rft.pub=Bucknell+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780838757536&rft.aulast=Morcillo&rft.aufirst=Aurora+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOllkigpBDsIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurdaGillette2014" class="citation book cs1">Turda, Marius; Gillette, Aaron (2014-10-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WFeCBAAAQBAJ"><i>Latin Eugenics in Comparative Perspective</i></a>. Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781472523693" title="Special:BookSources/9781472523693"><bdi>9781472523693</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Latin+Eugenics+in+Comparative+Perspective&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2014-10-23&rft.isbn=9781472523693&rft.aulast=Turda&rft.aufirst=Marius&rft.au=Gillette%2C+Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWFeCBAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorcillo2010" class="citation book cs1">Morcillo, Aurora G. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OllkigpBDsIC"><i>The Seduction of Modern Spain: The Female Body and the Francoist Body Politic</i></a>. Bucknell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780838757536" title="Special:BookSources/9780838757536"><bdi>9780838757536</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Seduction+of+Modern+Spain%3A+The+Female+Body+and+the+Francoist+Body+Politic&rft.pub=Bucknell+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780838757536&rft.aulast=Morcillo&rft.aufirst=Aurora+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOllkigpBDsIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:282-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:282_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEndersRadcliff1999" class="citation book cs1">Enders, Victoria Lorée; Radcliff, Pamela Beth (1999-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QTjCtl-9XlAC"><i>Constructing Spanish Womanhood: Female Identity in Modern Spain</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780791440292" title="Special:BookSources/9780791440292"><bdi>9780791440292</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constructing+Spanish+Womanhood%3A+Female+Identity+in+Modern+Spain&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft.isbn=9780791440292&rft.aulast=Enders&rft.aufirst=Victoria+Lor%C3%A9e&rft.au=Radcliff%2C+Pamela+Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQTjCtl-9XlAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:222-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:222_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerranz1999" class="citation journal cs1">Herranz, Inmaculada Blasco (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=186374">"Actitudes de las mujeres bajo el primer Franquismo: La práctica del aborto en Zaragoza durante los años 40"</a>. <i>Arenal: Revista de historia de mujeres</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 165–180. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6396">1134-6396</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arenal%3A+Revista+de+historia+de+mujeres&rft.atitle=Actitudes+de+las+mujeres+bajo+el+primer+Franquismo%3A+La+pr%C3%A1ctica+del+aborto+en+Zaragoza+durante+los+a%C3%B1os+40&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=165-180&rft.date=1999&rft.issn=1134-6396&rft.aulast=Herranz&rft.aufirst=Inmaculada+Blasco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Farticulo%3Fcodigo%3D186374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nash, Mary.: "Pronatalism and motherhood in Franco's Spain". In G. BOCK & P. THANE. (ed.): <i>Women and the Rise of the European Welfare States, 1880s-1950s</i>. Routledge, London & New York, 1992, pp. 160-173.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eiroa, Matilde. "Mujer y política social en los primeros años del franquismo: Málaga 1941". In P. Ballarín and T. Ortiz (eds.): <i>La mujer en Andalucía. Primer Encuentro Interdisciplinario de Estudios de la Mujer</i>. Vol. 1. Granada, 1990, pp. 397-406.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2222-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2222_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2222_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerranz1999" class="citation journal cs1">Herranz, Inmaculada Blasco (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=186374">"Actitudes de las mujeres bajo el primer Franquismo: La práctica del aborto en Zaragoza durante los años 40"</a>. <i>Arenal: Revista de historia de mujeres</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 165–180. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1134-6396">1134-6396</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arenal%3A+Revista+de+historia+de+mujeres&rft.atitle=Actitudes+de+las+mujeres+bajo+el+primer+Franquismo%3A+La+pr%C3%A1ctica+del+aborto+en+Zaragoza+durante+los+a%C3%B1os+40&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=165-180&rft.date=1999&rft.issn=1134-6396&rft.aulast=Herranz&rft.aufirst=Inmaculada+Blasco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Farticulo%3Fcodigo%3D186374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pujiula, Jaime. <i>La Eugenesia ante la Iglesia y ante la ciencia". 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Berghahn Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857450708" title="Special:BookSources/9780857450708"><bdi>9780857450708</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gender+Politics+in+the+Expanding+European+Union%3A+Mobilization%2C+Inclusion%2C+Exclusion&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.isbn=9780857450708&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Silke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxMeIP1gmYBgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshtonAlvarez-DardetColomerPEIRö2001" class="citation journal cs1">Ashton, John R.; Alvarez-Dardet, Carlos; Colomer, Concha; PEIRö, Rosana (2001-06-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Feurpub%2F11.2.190">"Does the liberalization of abortion laws increase the number of abortions? The case study of Spain"</a>. <i>European Journal of Public Health</i>. <b>11</b> (2): 190–194. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Feurpub%2F11.2.190">10.1093/eurpub/11.2.190</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1101-1262">1101-1262</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11420809">11420809</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Does+the+liberalization+of+abortion+laws+increase+the+number+of+abortions%3F+The+case+study+of+Spain&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=190-194&rft.date=2001-06-01&rft.issn=1101-1262&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11420809&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Feurpub%2F11.2.190&rft.aulast=Ashton&rft.aufirst=John+R.&rft.au=Alvarez-Dardet%2C+Carlos&rft.au=Colomer%2C+Concha&rft.au=PEIR%C3%B6%2C+Rosana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Feurpub%252F11.2.190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHispanic+eugenics" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&oldid=1260017514">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hispanic_eugenics&oldid=1260017514</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hispanic_eugenics" title="Category:Hispanic eugenics">Hispanic eugenics</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_European_Spanish-language_sources_(es-es)" title="Category:CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es)">CS1 European Spanish-language sources (es-es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_that_may_contain_original_research_from_October_2020" title="Category:Articles that may contain original research from October 2020">Articles that may contain original research from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_that_may_contain_original_research" title="Category:All articles that may contain original research">All articles that may contain original research</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2019" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2019">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2019</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 November 2024, at 10:20<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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