Java Bitwise Operator using efficiently to improve Performance

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<header class="entry-header"> <h1 itemprop="headline">Java Bitwise Operator using efficiently to improve Performance</h1> </header> <div class="tag"> <ul> <li> <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/category/java/" title="View all posts in Java/JVM">Java/JVM</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/category/software-development/" title="View all posts in Software development">Software development</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/category/technology/" title="View all posts in Technology">Technology</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="date-author">26 / May / 2016 <em>by <a class="url fn n" href="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/author/sandeep-gupta/" title="View all posts by Sandeep Gupta" rel="nofollow">Sandeep Gupta</a></em> <a href="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/java-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance/#respond"><span class="leave-reply">0 comments</span></a> </div> <div class="share-this"> <div class="share-heading">Share this blog</div>  <script type="text/javascript" src="//tps.tothenew.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-56efa64a8b443494"></script> <div class="addthis_inline_share_toolbox" style="display:inline;"></div> </div> <div itemprop="description"> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_top"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/java-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance/" data-a2a-title="Java Bitwise Operator using efficiently to improve Performance"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_x" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/x?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="X" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/linkedin?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="LinkedIn" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_email" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/email?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="Email" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a></div></div><p>Many of us know the various operators available in Java. But do we really use them all efficiently. Here I am illustrating one simple example which can show the high performance gain with bitwise operatator than the standard solution.</p> <p>Lets calculate the mathematical expression x<sup>n </sup>i.e. x’s power n.</p> <p>To solve this problem anyone can easily say its just one loop with n times and adding a in that loop. Thats very simple and fast. Really? Lets analyze it, we have just used O(n) complexity to find the result which means 8<sup>20</sup> will take 20 loop iterations to calculate it.</p> <pre>x<sup>n</sup> = x * x ...... * x (n times) </pre> <p>Do we really need so much iterations to calculate it?</p> <p>Following mathematical formula can help us to reduce the O(n) complexity to O(log n) complexity</p> <p><img decoding="async" class="alignnone" src="/blog/wp-ttn-blog/uploads/2024/01/exponentiation.png" alt="" width="304" height="130" /></p> <p>Bitwise operator can be used to achieve this by shifting the bits of power. Following sample code is self explainatory.</p> <p>[java]<br /> public class PowerAofB {<br /> public static void main(String[] args) {<br /> // Basic way with O(n)<br /> int a = 9;<br /> int b = 12;<br /> long result = 1;<br /> for (int i = 1; i <= b; i++) {<br /> result *= a;<br /> }<br /> System.out.println(result);</p> <p> // Efficient way with O(log n)<br /> System.out.println(ipow(a,b));<br /> }</p> <p> private static long ipow(int base, int exp)<br /> {<br /> long result = 1;</p> <p> while (exp != 0)<br /> {<br /> if ((exp & 1) == 1){<br /> result *= base;<br /> }<br /> //right shifting bytes with sign 1 position<br /> //equivalent of division of 2<br /> exp >>= 1;<br /> base *= base;<br /> }</p> <p> return result;<br /> }<br /> }<br /> [/java]</p> <p>Comparison between basic approach and new approach</p> <table style="border: 1px solid black" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr style="border: 1px solid black;vertical-align: middle"> <td style="border: 1px solid black;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px" align="left" bgcolor="#9999FF" height="35">Approach</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px" align="right" bgcolor="#9999FF">Example</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px" align="right" bgcolor="#9999FF">iteration count</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px" align="right" bgcolor="#9999FF">Execution time (nano seconds)</td> </tr> <tr style="border: 1px solid black;vertical-align: middle"> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="left" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" height="50">Basic Way</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">12<small><sup>15</sup></small></td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">15</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">1140</td> </tr> <tr style="border: 1px solid black;vertical-align: middle"> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="left" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" height="50">Using Bitwise Operator</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">12<small><sup>15</sup></small></td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">5</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">570</td> </tr> <tr style="border: 1px solid black;vertical-align: middle"> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="left" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" height="50">Basic Way</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">4<sup><small>122</small></sup></td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">122</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">4561</td> </tr> <tr style="border: 1px solid black;vertical-align: middle"> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="left" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" height="50">Using Bitwise Operator</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">4<sup><small>122</small></sup></td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">8</td> <td style="border: 1px solid black" align="right">1710</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><small style="color:blue">Image Reference: http://www.programminglogic.com/fast-exponentiation-algorithms/ </small></p> <div class="addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content addtoany_content_bottom"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.tothenew.com/blog/java-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance/" data-a2a-title="Java Bitwise Operator using efficiently to improve Performance"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_x" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/x?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="X" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/linkedin?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="LinkedIn" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_email" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/email?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tothenew.com%2Fblog%2Fjava-bitwise-operator-using-efficiently-to-improve-performance%2F&linkname=Java%20Bitwise%20Operator%20using%20efficiently%20to%20improve%20Performance" title="Email" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a></div></div> </div> <div class="sharethis-text"> <div class="pre-loader">FOUND THIS USEFUL? 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