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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Le_«_pape_humaniste_»-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr " title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 74 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pous_Nicolaas_V" title="Pous Nicolaas V – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pous Nicolaas V" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_V._(Papst)" title="Nikolaus V. (Papst) – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nikolaus V. (Papst)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3" title="نقولا الخامس – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نقولا الخامس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3" title="نقولا الخامس – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نقولا الخامس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_V" title="Мікалай V – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мікалай V" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_V" title="Николай V – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Николай V" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaz_V" title="Nikolaz V – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nikolaz V" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nicolau_V" title="Papa Nicolau V – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Papa Nicolau V" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1u-hu%C3%B2ng_Nicolaus_5-si%C3%A9" title="Gáu-huòng Nicolaus 5-sié – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gáu-huòng Nicolaus 5-sié" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikul%C3%A1%C5%A1_V." title="Mikuláš V. – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikuláš V." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pab_Nicholas_V" title="Pab Nicholas V – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pab Nicholas V" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pave_Nikolaus_5." title="Pave Nikolaus 5. – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pave Nikolaus 5." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_V._(Papst)" title="Nikolaus V. (Papst) – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nikolaus V. (Papst)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_V" title="Nicolaus V – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Nicolaus V" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%95%CE%84" title="Πάπας Νικόλαος Ε΄ – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πάπας Νικόλαος Ε΄" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_V" title="Pope Nicholas V – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pope Nicholas V" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolao_la_5-a" title="Nikolao la 5-a – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nikolao la 5-a" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_V" title="Nicolás V – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nicolás V" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_V" title="Nicolaus V – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nicolaus V" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolas_V.a" title="Nikolas V.a – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nikolas V.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85" title="نیکلاس پنجم – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیکلاس پنجم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_V" title="Nikolaus V – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nikolaus V" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape_Nicolau_V" title="Pape Nicolau V – frioulan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Pape Nicolau V" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="frioulan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1pa_Niocl%C3%A1s_V" title="Pápa Nioclás V – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pápa Nioclás V" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolao_V,_papa" title="Nicolao V, papa – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nicolao V, papa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kau-f%C3%B2ng_Nicolaus_5-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Kau-fòng Nicolaus 5-sṳ – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kau-fòng Nicolaus 5-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99" title="ניקולאוס החמישי – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניקולאוס החמישי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_V." title="Nikola V. – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nikola V." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._Mikl%C3%B3s_p%C3%A1pa" title="V. Miklós pápa – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="V. Miklós pápa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%BD_V" title="Նիկողայոս V – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիկողայոս V" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Nikolaus_V" title="Paus Nikolaus V – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paus Nikolaus V" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nicolas_V" title="Papa Nicolas V – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Papa Nicolas V" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papo_Nikolaus_la_5ma" title="Papo Nikolaus la 5ma – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Papo Nikolaus la 5ma" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Niccol%C3%B2_V" title="Papa Niccolò V – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Papa Niccolò V" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B95%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E6%95%99%E7%9A%87)" title="ニコラウス5世 (ローマ教皇) – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニコラウス5世 (ローマ教皇)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Nikolas_V" title="Paus Nikolas V – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Paus Nikolas V" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96_V_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98)" title="ნიკოლოზ V (პაპი) – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიკოლოზ V (პაპი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%A9_%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%98%A4_5%EC%84%B8" title="교황 니콜라오 5세 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교황 니콜라오 5세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_N%C3%AEkolaws_V" title="Papa Nîkolaws V – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Papa Nîkolaws V" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_V" title="Nicolaus V – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nicolaus V" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_V" title="Niccolò V – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Niccolò V" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikalojus_V" title="Mikalojus V – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mikalojus V" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolajs_V" title="Nikolajs V – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nikolajs V" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_V" title="Папа Никола V – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Папа Никола V" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="पोप निकोलस पाचवा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पोप निकोलस पाचवा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Nicolaus_V" title="Paus Nicolaus V – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paus Nicolaus V" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Nicolaas_V" title="Paus Nicolaas V – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paus Nicolaas V" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pave_Nikolas_V" title="Pave Nikolas V – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pave Nikolas V" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolas_V" title="Nikolas V – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nikolas V" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miko%C5%82aj_V" title="Mikołaj V – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikołaj V" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nicolau_V" title="Papa Nicolau V – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Papa Nicolau V" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nicolae_al_V-lea" title="Papa Nicolae al V-lea – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Papa Nicolae al V-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_V_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Николай V (папа римский) – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Николай V (папа римский)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccul%C3%B2_V" title="Nicculò V – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nicculò V" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_V." title="Nikola V. – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nikola V." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Nicolas_V" title="Pope Nicolas V – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pope Nicolas V" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikul%C3%A1%C5%A1_V." title="Mikuláš V. – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mikuláš V." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pape%C5%BE_Nikolaj_V." title="Papež Nikolaj V. – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Papež Nikolaj V." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolla_V" title="Nikolla V – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nikolla V" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_V" title="Папа Никола V – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Папа Никола V" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_V" title="Nicolaus V – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nicolaus V" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nikolasi_V" title="Papa Nikolasi V – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Papa Nikolasi V" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nicolas_V" title="Papa Nicolas V – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Papa Nicolas V" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._Nicolaus" title="V. Nicolaus – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="V. Nicolaus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_V" title="Миколай V – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Миколай V" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85" title="نیکولاس پنجم – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیکولاس پنجم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nico%C5%82%C3%B2_V" title="Papa Nicołò V – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Papa Nicołò V" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A1o_ho%C3%A0ng_Nic%C3%B4la_V" title="Giáo hoàng Nicôla V – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giáo hoàng Nicôla V" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Nicolas_V" title="Papa Nicolas V – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Papa Nicolas V" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%90%84%E8%80%81%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="尼各老五世 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尼各老五世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3p%C3%B9_Nicholas_5k" title="Pópù Nicholas 5k – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Pópù Nicholas 5k" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%90%84%E8%80%81%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="尼各老五世 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尼各老五世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0u-h%C3%B4ng_Nicolaus_5-s%C3%A8" title="Kàu-hông Nicolaus 5-sè – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kàu-hông Nicolaus 5-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E9%96%A3%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="尼閣五世 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="尼閣五世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134588#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_V_(homonymie)" class="mw-disambig" title="Nicolas V (homonymie)"><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span> (homonymie)</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour l'antipape, voir <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_V_(antipape)" title="Nicolas V (antipape)"><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span> (antipape)</a>. </p> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete defaut" style="background-color:#FED600;color:#000;"><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Image illustrative de l’article Nicolas V" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg/330px-Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="376" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg/500px-Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg/960px-Paus_Nicolaas_V_door_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2369" data-file-height="3181" /></a></span> <br />Portrait peint par <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paul_Rubens" title="Pierre Paul Rubens">Pierre Paul Rubens</a> vers 1612-1616. <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Plantin-Moretus" title="Musée Plantin-Moretus">Musée Plantin-Moretus</a>. Anvers. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#FED600; color:#000">Biographie</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Nom de naissance </th> <td>Tommaso Parentucelli </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Naissance </th> <td><time class="nowrap date-lien bday" datetime="1397-11-23" data-sort-value="1397-11-23"><a href="/wiki/15_novembre" title="15 novembre">15 novembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1397" title="1397">1397</a></time><br /><a href="/wiki/Sarzana" title="Sarzana">Sarzana</a> (<a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_de_G%C3%AAnes" title="République de Gênes">république de Gênes</a>) </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Décès </th> <td><time class="nowrap date-lien dday" datetime="1455-04-02" data-sort-value="1455-04-02"><a href="/wiki/24_mars" title="24 mars">24 mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1455" title="1455">1455</a></time> (à 57 ans)<br /><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%89tats_pontificaux" title="États pontificaux">États pontificaux</a>) </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#FED600; color:#000">Pape de l'Église catholique</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Élection au pontificat </th> <td><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1447-03-15" data-sort-value="1447-03-15"><a href="/wiki/6_mars" title="6 mars">6 mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1447" title="1447">1447</a></time> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Intronisation </th> <td><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1447-03-28" data-sort-value="1447-03-28"><a href="/wiki/19_mars" title="19 mars">19 mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1447" title="1447">1447</a></time> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Fin du pontificat </th> <td><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1455-04-02" data-sort-value="1455-04-02"><a href="/wiki/24_mars" title="24 mars">24 mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1455" title="1455">1455</a></time><br /><small>(<span data-sort-value="&0000000000002940" class="datasortkey">8 ans et 18 jours</span>)</small> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> <table class="navigation-not-searchable" style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; background-color:transparent; color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; width:5%; background-color:; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Précédent" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arrleft.svg/20px-Arrleft.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arrleft.svg/40px-Arrleft.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="133" /></span></span> </td> <td style="width:1%; background-color:; color:inherit;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; width:44%; background-color:; color:inherit;"> <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_IV" title="Eugène IV"><span class="nowrap">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></span></a> </td> <td style="width:1%; background-color:transparent; color:inherit;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle; width:44%; background-color:; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Calixte_III" title="Calixte III"><span class="nowrap">Calixte <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></span></a> </td> <td style="width:1%; background-color:; color:inherit;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle; width:5%; background-color:; color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Suivant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Arrright.svg/20px-Arrright.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Arrright.svg/40px-Arrright.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="133" /></span></span> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Autre(s) antipape(s) </th> <td><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Félix V"><span class="nowrap">Félix <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></a> jusqu'en <a href="/wiki/1449" title="1449">1449</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr style="height:2px; color:inherit; background-color:#FED600;" /></td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:C_o_a_Nicolaus_V.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Blason" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/C_o_a_Nicolaus_V.svg/120px-C_o_a_Nicolaus_V.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/C_o_a_Nicolaus_V.svg/250px-C_o_a_Nicolaus_V.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="881" data-file-height="1227" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bparen.html"><small><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Notice sur <i>www.catholic-hierarchy.org</i></small></a></td> </tr><tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #FED600 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color: inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Pr%C3%A9lat_catholique" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Tommaso Parentucelli</b>, né le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1397-11-23" data-sort-value="1397-11-23">15 novembre 1397</time> à <a href="/wiki/Sarzana" title="Sarzana">Sarzana</a>, est le <abbr class="abbr" title="Deux cent huitième">208<sup>e</sup></abbr> pape de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89glise_catholique" title="Église catholique">Église catholique</a> sous le nom de <b><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></b>, du <time class="nowrap" datetime="1447-03-15" data-sort-value="1447-03-15">6 mars 1447</time> au <time class="nowrap" datetime="1455-04-02" data-sort-value="1455-04-02">24 mars 1455</time><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Il met fin au schisme de l’<a href="/wiki/Antipape" title="Antipape">antipape</a> <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9d%C3%A9e_VIII_de_Savoie" class="mw-redirect" title="Amédée VIII de Savoie"><span class="nowrap">Félix <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></a> et fonde la <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_vaticane" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque vaticane">Bibliothèque vaticane</a>. </p><p>Par la bulle <i><a href="/wiki/Romanus_pontifex_(1455)" title="Romanus pontifex (1455)">Romanus pontifex</a></i> de 1455 — aujourd'hui objet de polémique —, Nicolas V est souvent accusé d'avoir légalisé la <a href="/wiki/Colonisation" title="Colonisation">colonisation</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> et l'<a href="/wiki/Esclavage_en_Afrique" title="Esclavage en Afrique">esclavage</a> des Africains par <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_V_(roi_de_Portugal)" title="Alphonse V (roi de Portugal)">Alphonse V</a>, roi du <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>. Son règne voit aussi la <a href="/wiki/Chute_de_Constantinople" title="Chute de Constantinople">chute de Constantinople</a> et la fin de l'empire romain d'Orient qui, depuis le <a href="/wiki/Schisme_de_1054" class="mw-redirect" title="Schisme de 1054">Schisme de 1054</a>, est <a href="/wiki/Orthodoxie" title="Orthodoxie">orthodoxe</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Famille_et_formation">Famille et formation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Famille et formation" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Famille et formation"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il est le fils de Bartolomeo Lucando di Parentuccelli et d'Andreola Bosi della Verrucola aussi appelée Andreola Tomeo dei Bosi (ce qui signifie en italien fille de Tomeo de la famille des Bosi<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Cette famille était originaire de <a href="/wiki/Fivizzano" title="Fivizzano">Fivizzano</a>. </p><p>Veuve, elle se remarie avec Ser Giarente Calandrini avec lequel elle a <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Calandrini" title="Filippo Calandrini">Filippo Calandrini</a>, évêque de <a href="/wiki/Bologne" title="Bologne">Bologne</a> et cardinal (1403, Sarzane - <time class="nowrap" datetime="1476-07-27" data-sort-value="1476-07-27">18 juillet 1476</time>). </p><p>Dans sa jeunesse, il perd son père, médecin pauvre mais talentueux, ce qui l'empêche d'achever ses études à <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Bologne" title="Université de Bologne">Bologne</a>. Tuteur à Florence des <a href="/wiki/Famille_Strozzi" title="Famille Strozzi">familles Strozzi</a> et <a href="/wiki/Famille_Albizzi" title="Famille Albizzi">Albizzi</a>, il y rencontre les penseurs les plus marquants de son époque, dont <a href="/wiki/Ambrogio_Traversari" title="Ambrogio Traversari">Ambrogio Traversari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poggio_Bracciolini" title="Poggio Bracciolini">Poggio Bracciolini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Bruni" title="Leonardo Bruni">Leonardo Bruni</a> et <a href="/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti" title="Leon Battista Alberti">Leon Battista Alberti</a>. </p><p>De retour à Bologne, il termine ses études de maître en théologie et entre au service de <a href="/wiki/Niccolo_Albergati" class="mw-redirect" title="Niccolo Albergati">Niccolo Albergati</a>, évêque de Bologne, devenant bibliographe pour l'évêché. Parentucelli met en pratique ses connaissances patrologiques et scolastiques lors du <a href="/wiki/Concile_de_Florence" class="mw-redirect" title="Concile de Florence">concile de Florence</a>, ce qui lui permet de dialoguer avec les évêques grecs. Le pape Eugène lui confie alors des tâches diplomatiques de première importance, et après la mort de ce dernier, en 1447, il lui succède et choisit le prénom <i>Nicolas</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_bulle_Romanus_Pontifex_et_l'esclavage"><span id="La_bulle_Romanus_Pontifex_et_l.27esclavage"></span>La bulle <i>Romanus Pontifex</i> et l'esclavage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : La bulle Romanus Pontifex et l'esclavage" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : La bulle Romanus Pontifex et l'esclavage"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css general">Article principal : <a href="/wiki/Romanus_pontifex_(1455)" title="Romanus pontifex (1455)">Romanus pontifex (1455)</a>.</div></div> <p>La bulle <a href="/wiki/Romanus_pontifex_(1455)" title="Romanus pontifex (1455)"><i>Romanus Pontifex</i></a> de 1455 est un des éléments marquants du pontificat de Nicolas V, sanctionnant la possession des territoires du <a href="/wiki/Cap_Boujdour" title="Cap Boujdour">cap Boujdour</a> en Afrique au roi <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_V_(roi_de_Portugal)" title="Alphonse V (roi de Portugal)">Alphonse V</a>. Elle accorde aussi une base légale à la colonisation et l'esclavage des non-chrétiens<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>« Nous [donc] pesant tous et singulièrement les lieux avec la méditation voulue, et notant que puisque nous avions autrefois par d'autres lettres de la nôtre accordé entre autres choses la faculté libre et ample au roi Alfonso susdit — d'envahir, rechercher, capturer, vaincre, et soumettre tous les Sarrasins et païens quels qu'ils soient, et les autres ennemis du Christ où qu'ils soient placés, et les royaumes, duchés, principautés, dominions, possessions, et tous les biens mobiliers et immobiliers qu'ils détiennent et possédaient et pour réduire leurs personnes à l'esclavage perpétuel. »<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Par la bulle <i>Romanus Pontifex</i>, Nicolas V se pose en arbitre des empires espagnols et portugais et assure la portée universelle de l'autorité du pontife, y compris dans la christianisation des peuples indigènes et musulmans. Dans cette même bulle, il donne au Roi du Portugal Alfonso V et à ses descendants l'autorisation de saisir et de maintenir « <i>in perpetuam servitudinem »</i> (en servitude perpétuelle) les Africains considérés comme infidèles et ennemis du Christ. <span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span> est, pour cette raison, considéré comme le pape qui a légalisé l'esclavage dans la chrétienté<sup id="cite_ref-:02_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>L'historien contemporain <a href="/wiki/Norman_Cantor" title="Norman Cantor">Norman Cantor</a> a accusé le pape de complaisance envers les traiteurs portugais ; il fut en cela opposé à son prédécesseur <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_IV" title="Eugène IV"><span class="nowrap">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></span></a>, auteur de l'encyclique <i><a href="/wiki/Sicut_Dudum" class="mw-redirect" title="Sicut Dudum">Sicut Dudum</a></i> qui interdit clairement la possession d'hommes. Au siècle suivant, <a href="/wiki/Paul_III" title="Paul III"><span class="nowrap">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></span></a> écrira en 1537 <i><a href="/wiki/Veritas_ipsa" title="Veritas ipsa">Veritas ipsa</a></i>, puis <i><a href="/wiki/Sublimus_Dei" class="mw-redirect" title="Sublimus Dei">Sublimus Dei</a></i> pour réaffirmer cette prise de position. </p><p>Par sa bulle <i>Romanus pontifex</i>, Nicolas V est souvent accusé d'avoir légalisé la <a href="/wiki/Colonisation" title="Colonisation">colonisation</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> et l'<a href="/wiki/Esclavage_en_Afrique" title="Esclavage en Afrique">esclavage</a> des Africains par <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_V_(roi_de_Portugal)" title="Alphonse V (roi de Portugal)">Alphonse V</a>, roi du <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>. Cependant, les différentes sources explicatives, la précision du texte une année plus tard, ainsi que la non-utilisation de cette bulle pour justifier l'esclavage, suggèrent que ces accusations ne sont pas fondées<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pontificat">Pontificat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Pontificat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Pontificat"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg/250px-Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg/330px-Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg/500px-Vigiles_du_roi_Charles_VII_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption><span class="nowrap">Félix <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span> faisant allégeance à <span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span>. Miniature issue du manuscrit de <a href="/wiki/Martial_d%27Auvergne" title="Martial d'Auvergne">Martial d'Auvergne</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Vigiles_de_la_mort_de_Charles_VII" title="Les Vigiles de la mort de Charles VII">Les Vigiles de Charles VII</a></i>, vers 1484, <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Devenu le pape <span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span>, il met en place à <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> de nouveaux équilibres politiques et internationaux. Constructeur de fortifications et restaurateur d'églises, il commence son pontificat en embellissant la grande ville (il commence la construction du <a href="/wiki/Palais_du_Vatican" title="Palais du Vatican">palais du Vatican</a> voulant en faire le plus grand palais du monde), et en invitant les peintres, les architectes et avant tout les écrivains. </p><p>Reconnu comme seul véritable souverain pontife (<a href="/wiki/1449" title="1449">1449</a>), il stabilise ses rapports avec le <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Naples" title="Royaume de Naples">royaume de Naples</a>, et garde une position de neutralité en <a href="/wiki/Italie" title="Italie">Italie</a>, jusqu’à la <a href="/wiki/Paix_de_Lodi" title="Paix de Lodi">paix de Lodi</a> (<a href="/wiki/1454" title="1454">1454</a>). L'anti-pape Félix V publie une lettre : <span class="citation">« …au nommé Thomas de Sarzana, qui a eu l'audace de monter sur le Saint-Siège apostolique et de prendre le nom de Nicolas V… »</span>, suivie d'une sommation de renoncer à cette prétention et de comparaître devant son tribunal (Mansi, t. XXXI, p. 189). Dans ses états, il accorde aux dirigeants municipaux un certain nombre de privilèges tout en gardant fermement le contrôle de la commune. </p><p>Voulant assurer la réussite de la réforme catholique, il envoie plusieurs légats, dont <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_de_Cues" title="Nicolas de Cues">Nicolas de Cues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Capistran" title="Jean de Capistran">Jean de Capistran</a> et <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_d%27Estouteville" title="Guillaume d'Estouteville">Guillaume d'Estouteville</a>, au nord et au sud de l'Allemagne, en Angleterre, et en France. Il donne des gages à ses puissants voisins : à la demande de <span class="nowrap">Charles <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></span>, <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Arc" title="Jeanne d'Arc">Jeanne d'Arc</a> est réhabilitée, et en 1448, il conclut le <a href="/wiki/Concordat_de_Vienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordat de Vienne">concordat de Vienne</a> avec le roi <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_III_du_Saint-Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Frédéric III du Saint-Empire">Frédéric de Habsbourg</a>.<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 21 juin 2020) ; voir l'aide.">[réf. nécessaire]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La fin de son pontificat est cependant marquée par la tentative à plusieurs reprises de <a href="/wiki/Stefano_Porcari" title="Stefano Porcari">Stefano Porcari</a>, homme politique cultivé et favori du défunt pape <a href="/wiki/Martin_V" title="Martin V"><span class="nowrap">Martin <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></a>, d'instituer une république à Rome. </p><p>Malade, Nicolas V rassemble autour de lui les cardinaux et résume les labeurs qui avaient guidé sa vie et son pontificat, avant de mourir le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1455-04-02" data-sort-value="1455-04-02">24 mars 1455</time> âgé de 57 ans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Le_«_pape_humaniste_»"><span id="Le_.C2.AB_pape_humaniste_.C2.BB"></span>Le « pape humaniste »</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Le « pape humaniste »" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Le « pape humaniste »"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Surnommé le « pape humaniste », il a connu à Florence, dans l'entourage de <a href="/wiki/Cosme_de_M%C3%A9dicis" title="Cosme de Médicis">Cosme de Médicis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Bruni" title="Leonardo Bruni">Leonardo Bruni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niccolo_Niccoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Niccolo Niccoli">Niccolo Niccoli</a> et <a href="/wiki/Ambrogio_Traversari" title="Ambrogio Traversari">Ambrogio Traversari</a>. Parvenu au trône de saint Pierre, il réalise l'un de ses projets en fondant la <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_vaticane" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque vaticane">Bibliothèque vaticane</a> : </p> <dl><dd><span class="citation">« Rome, centre de la religion, devait devenir aussi le centre des lettres et des arts. La ville qu'il avait trouvée en ruine devait se transformer en un vaste ensemble de monuments, renfermant dans son sein la plus belle bibliothèque du monde entier ; et la ville éternelle, résidence de la papauté, serait désormais pour elle un asile inviolable<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. »</span></dd></dl> <p>À sa mort, la bibliothèque renferme plus de 16 000 volumes, soit plus que toutes les autres bibliothèques princières. Il accueille à sa cour <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Valla" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorenzo Valla">Lorenzo Valla</a> en tant que notaire apostolique. Les œuvres d'<a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9rodote" title="Hérodote">Hérodote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thucydide" title="Thucydide">Thucydide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polybe" title="Polybe">Polybe</a> et <a href="/wiki/Archim%C3%A8de" title="Archimède">Archimède</a> sont réintroduites en Europe occidentale sous son patronage. L'un de ses protégés, <a href="/wiki/Enoch_d%27Ascoli" title="Enoch d'Ascoli">Enoch d'Ascoli</a>, découvre un manuscrit complet des <i>Opera minora</i> de <a href="/wiki/Tacite" title="Tacite">Tacite</a> dans un monastère d’Allemagne. Outre ces derniers, il appelle à sa cour <a href="/wiki/Poggio_Bracciolini" title="Poggio Bracciolini">Poggio Bracciolini</a>, Gianozzo Manetti, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Battista_Alberti" title="Leon Battista Alberti">Leon Battista Alberti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Aurispa" title="Giovanni Aurispa">Giovanni Aurispa</a>, Fortello, Pietro-Candido Decembrio et maints autres<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Blessé par les dommages faits à la culture grecque, il tente sans succès de lancer une croisade en représailles de la prise de Byzance par les Ottomans. Pour cela, il met sur pied une armée et augmente les rentrées fiscales. </p><p> Il avait préparé avant de devenir pape un catalogue standard dédié à Côme de Médicis pour la bibliothèque du <a href="/wiki/Couvent_San_Marco" title="Couvent San Marco">couvent San Marco</a> de Florence, célèbre sous le nom d'<i>Inventaire du pape Nicolas V</i>, et qui servit de modèle à de nombreuses bibliothèques dont celle de <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_III_de_Montefeltro" title="Frédéric III de Montefeltro">Frédéric de Montefeltro</a>. Il commence par la liste des ouvrages sacrés qui trouvent tout naturellement une place privilégiée dans la collection d'un prince chrétien: la <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>, les écrits des <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8res_de_l%27%C3%89glise" title="Pères de l'Église">Pères de l'Eglise</a>, ceux des théologiens, les philosophes avec <a href="/wiki/Aristote" title="Aristote">Aristote</a>, ses commentateurs et <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a>. Viennent ensuite les auteurs latins profanes et quelques poètes classiques comme <a href="/wiki/Virgile" title="Virgile">Virgile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horace" title="Horace">Horace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ovide" title="Ovide">Ovide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stace" title="Stace">Stace</a> et <a href="/wiki/Lucain" title="Lucain">Lucain</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_bwgtjif0tnlcokno8suja8hpe0b6a5l"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_V" coords="608,77,689,97" title="Félix V" alt="Félix V" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Antipapes_imaginaires" coords="589,139,742,160" title="Antipapes imaginaires" alt="Antipapes imaginaires" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIV_(antipape)" coords="484,144,536,165" title="Benoît XIV (antipape)" alt="Benoît XIV (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIV_(antipape)" coords="473,133,548,154" title="Benoît XIV (antipape)" alt="Benoît XIV (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_VIII_(antipape)" coords="467,113,525,134" title="Clément VIII (antipape)" alt="Clément VIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_VIII_(antipape)" coords="456,102,536,123" title="Clément VIII (antipape)" alt="Clément VIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIII_(antipape)" coords="415,113,474,134" title="Benoît XIII (antipape)" alt="Benoît XIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIII_(antipape)" coords="407,102,482,123" title="Benoît XIII (antipape)" alt="Benoît XIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Nicolas_V" coords="678,45,764,66" title="Nicolas V" alt="Nicolas V" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_IV" coords="556,45,648,66" title="Eugène IV" alt="Eugène IV" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Martin_V" coords="437,45,517,66" title="Martin V" alt="Martin V" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIII_(antipape)" coords="270,108,373,129" title="Benoît XIII (antipape)" alt="Benoît XIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_VII_(antipape)" coords="104,108,207,129" title="Clément VII (antipape)" alt="Clément VII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Jean_XXIII_(antipape)" coords="347,82,411,102" title="Jean XXIII (antipape)" alt="Jean XXIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Jean_XXIII_(antipape)" coords="350,71,408,91" title="Jean XXIII (antipape)" alt="Jean XXIII (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Alexandre_V_(antipape)" coords="313,82,354,102" title="Alexandre V (antipape)" alt="Alexandre V (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Alexandre_V_(antipape)" coords="290,71,377,91" title="Alexandre V (antipape)" alt="Alexandre V (antipape)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XII" coords="312,45,421,66" title="Grégoire XII" alt="Grégoire XII" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Innocent_VII" coords="293,50,345,71" title="Innocent VII" alt="Innocent VII" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Innocent_VII" coords="279,39,359,60" title="Innocent VII" alt="Innocent VII" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Boniface_IX" coords="197,45,295,66" title="Boniface IX" alt="Boniface IX" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Urbain_VI" coords="90,45,176,66" title="Urbain VI" alt="Urbain VI" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XI" coords="-1,45,100,66" title="Grégoire XI" alt="Grégoire XI" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_bwgtjif0tnlcokno8suja8hpe0b6a5l" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/timeline/bwgtjif0tnlcokno8suja8hpe0b6a5l.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webdept.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1446.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Biographical Dictionary. Eugenius IV (1431-1447). Consistory of December 16, 1446 (VI)</cite></a> » <small class="plainlinks cachelinks">[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191118204403/http://webdept.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1446.htm">archive du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-11-18" data-sort-value="2019-11-18">18 novembre 2019</time></a>]</small></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=IuNMAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109&dq=Andreola+Bosi+della+Verrucola+di+Fivizzano&source=bl&ots=cTFTfnCHso&sig=3JRnnuD07qyfjNKP5RwSyP7j0EQ&hl=fr&ei=YlQiSsalGYKNjAeDs43TBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5#PPA110,M1"><i>Memorie storiche d'illustri scrittori e di uomini insigni dell'antica e moderna Lunigiana</i> par Emanuelle Gerini publié par Frediani, 1829</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="EhlerMorrall1967"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sidney_Z._EhlerJohn_B._Morrall1967"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Sidney Z. Ehler et John B. Morrall, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Church and State Through the Centuries : A Collection of Historic Documents with Commentaries</cite>, New York, Biblo and Tannen, <time>1967</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fr/books?id=2WuMyEzani8C&pg=PA144&dq=romanus+pontifex">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, p. 144<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+and+State+Through+the+Centuries+%3A+A+Collection+of+Historic+Documents+with+Commentaries&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Biblo+and+Tannen&rft.aulast=Ehler&rft.aufirst=Sidney+Z.&rft.au=John+B.+Morrall&rft.date=1967&rft.pages=p.+144&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas+V"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gardiner_Davenport1917"><span class="ouvrage" id="Frances_Gardiner_Davenport1917"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Frances Gardiner Davenport, <cite class="italique" lang="en">European treaties bearing on the history of the United States and its dependencies</cite>, Washington, Carnegie Institution, <time>1917</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/legal/indig-romanus-pontifex.html">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, p. 13-20 (version latine) ; p. 20-26 (version anglaise)<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+treaties+bearing+on+the+history+of+the+United+States+and+its+dependencies&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=Carnegie+Institution&rft.au=Frances+Gardiner+Davenport&rft.date=1917&rft.pages=p.+13-20+%28version+latine%29+%3B+p.+20-26+%28version+anglaise%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas+V"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:02_5-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-:02_5-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ldhi.library.cofc.edu/exhibits/show/african_laborers_for_a_new_emp/pope_nicolas_v_and_the_portugu"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Pope Nicolas V and the Portuguese Slave Trade</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Lowcountry Digital History Initiative</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-06-21" data-sort-value="2020-06-21">21 juin 2020</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="V"><span class="ouvrage" id="Nicolas_V"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langues : latin et portugais">(la + pt)</abbr> Nicolas V, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitarq.arquivos.pt/viewer?id=3907997"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="la">Romanus Pontifex</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-06-21" data-sort-value="2020-06-21">21 juin 2020</time>)</small></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Vignaux2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hélène_Vignaux2009">Hélène <span class="nom_auteur">Vignaux</span>, <cite class="italique">L’Église et les Noirs dans l’audience du Nouveau Royaume de Grenade</cite>, Montpellier, Presses universitaires de la Méditerranée, <time>2009</time>, 817 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84269-864-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84269-864-5"><span class="nowrap">978-2-84269-864-5</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-36781-077-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-36781-077-5"><span class="nowrap">978-2-36781-077-5</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pulm.496">10.4000/books.pulm.496</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.openedition.org/pulm/496">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%E2%80%99%C3%89glise+et+les+Noirs+dans+l%E2%80%99audience+du+Nouveau+Royaume+de+Grenade&rft.place=Montpellier&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+la+M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e&rft.aulast=Vignaux&rft.aufirst=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne&rft.date=2009&rft.tpages=817&rft.isbn=978-2-84269-864-5&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbooks.pulm.496&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas+V"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="ABRAMOVA"><span class="ouvrage" id="Svétlana_U._ABRAMOVA">Svétlana U. ABRAMOVA, <cite class="italique">Histoire générale de l'Afrique, Études et documents, Unesco</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 429<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+de+l%27Afrique%2C+%C3%89tudes+et+documents%2C+Unesco&rft.aulast=ABRAMOVA&rft.aufirst=Sv%C3%A9tlana+U.&rft.pages=429&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas+V"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire des papes, t. II, p. 155.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Bernard Quilliet, <i>La tradition humaniste</i>, Fayard, p. 220.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Cassagnes-Brouquet,_Bernard_Doumerc2011"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sophie_Cassagnes-Brouquet,_Bernard_Doumerc2011">Sophie Cassagnes-Brouquet, Bernard Doumerc, <cite class="italique">Les Condottières, Capitaines, princes et mécènes en Italie, <abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> – <abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</cite>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Ellipses" title="Éditions Ellipses">Ellipses</a>, <time>2011</time>, 551 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-7298-6345-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-7298-6345-6"><span class="nowrap">978-2-7298-6345-6</span></a>)</small>, Princes et mécènes (page 433)<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+Condotti%C3%A8res%2C+Capitaines%2C+princes+et+m%C3%A9c%C3%A8nes+en+Italie%2C+XIIIe%E2%80%89%E2%80%93%E2%80%89XVIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Ellipses&rft.au=Sophie+Cassagnes-Brouquet%2C+Bernard+Doumerc&rft.date=2011&rft.pages=Princes+et+m%C3%A9c%C3%A8nes+%28page+433%29&rft.tpages=551&rft.isbn=978-2-7298-6345-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ANicolas+V"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nicolaus_V?uselang=fr"><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li> </ul> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11058a.htm">Biographie</a> de la <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cartelfr.louvre.fr/cartelfr/visite?srv=car_not_frame&idNotice=2220">Légende de saint François</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134588?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG83809"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">British Museum</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T062324"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Grove Art Online</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ta.sandrart.net/en/person/view/1116"><span class="lang-de" lang="de">Sandrart.net</span></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500216046"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Union List of Artist Names</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressources relatives à la religion<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134588?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bparen.html"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Catholic Hierarchy</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fcardinals.fiu.edu%2Fbios%1.htm%23%2&exp=(.*):(.*)&id=1446%3AParentucelli"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134588?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-V-pope"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/nikolaus-nikolaus-v"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Nicolaus_5./"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118734911.html"><i>Deutsche Biographie</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-niccolo-v_(Dizionario-Biografico)"><i>Dizionario biografico degli italiani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/niccolo-v-papa_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><i>Dizionario di Storia</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/niccolo-v-papa_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><i>Enciclopedia italiana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Niccol%C3%B2%2BV%2B%28papa%29.html"><i>Enciclopedia De Agostini</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0045996.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=43793"><i>Hrvatska Enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3941197"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/personnage/wd/135233"><i>Larousse</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proleksis.lzmk.hr/38961"><i>Proleksis enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Nikolaus_5."><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/niccolo-v-papa"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/tommaso-nicolas-v/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134588?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/120732037">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000012149188X">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124434672">BnF</a></span> (<span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124434672">données</a></span>)</li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/033582262">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85301589">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span 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text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000127168&local_base=nsk10">Croatie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n85-301589">WorldCat</a></span></li> </ul></div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint uncollapsed" style="margin:auto; background-color:#F6F6F6;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#f7f8ff;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Succession/Pape" title="Voir ce modèle."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div><div style="font-size:110%; overflow:hidden;"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_papes" title="Liste des papes">Pape de l’Église catholique</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="text-align:center; width:30%;">Précédé par </th> <th class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="text-align:center; width:40%;"> </th> <th class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="text-align:center; width:30%;">Suivi par </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:var(--couleur-fond-gris-alternance, #eeeeee); color:var(--color-base, #202122);"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; padding-top:3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_IV" title="Eugène IV"><span class="nowrap">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></span></a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center; padding:1px; text-align:center; background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:var(--color-base, #202122);"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; padding-top:3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/40px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/60px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><span class="nowrap">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></span></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center; background-color:var(--couleur-fond-gris-alternance, #eeeeee); color:var(--color-base, #202122);"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; background-color:transparent; color:inherit; padding-top:3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Calixte_III" title="Calixte III"><span class="nowrap">Calixte <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></span></a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table><table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#ffce00;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Papes_de_l%27%C3%89glise_catholique" title="Modèle:Palette Papes de l'Église catholique"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Papes_de_l%27%C3%89glise_catholique&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_papes" title="Liste des papes">Papes de l'Église catholique</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="background-color:#ffce00;" colspan="3"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pape" title="Pape">Pape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipape" title="Antipape">Antipape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Si%C3%A8ge" title="Saint-Siège">Saint-Siège</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nom_de_r%C3%A8gne_des_papes" title="Nom de règne des papes">Nom de règne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_papes_selon_la_dur%C3%A9e_de_leur_pontificat" title="Liste des papes selon la durée de leur pontificat">Liste par temps de règne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_papes_par_long%C3%A9vit%C3%A9" title="Liste des papes par longévité">Liste par longévité</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffce00;"><a href="/wiki/Ier_si%C3%A8cle" title="Ier siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="1ᵉʳ siècle"><span class="romain">I</span><sup style="font-size:72%">er</sup></abbr></a> – <a href="/wiki/IVe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IVe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_(ap%C3%B4tre)" title="Pierre (apôtre)">Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_(pape)" title="Lin (pape)">Lin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaclet" title="Anaclet">Anaclet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_de_Rome" title="Clément de Rome">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89variste_(pape)" title="Évariste (pape)">Évariste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Ier_(pape)" title="Alexandre Ier (pape)">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixte_Ier" title="Sixte Ier">Sixte <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9lesphore_(pape)" title="Télesphore (pape)">Télesphore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hygin_(pape)" title="Hygin (pape)">Hygin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_Ier" title="Pie Ier">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anicet_(pape)" title="Anicet (pape)">Anicet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B4ter_(pape)" title="Sôter (pape)">Sôter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89leuth%C3%A8re_(pape)" title="Éleuthère (pape)">Éleuthère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ier" title="Victor Ier">Victor <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9phyrin" title="Zéphyrin">Zéphyrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calixte_Ier" title="Calixte Ier">Calixte <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_Ier" title="Urbain Ier">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontien" title="Pontien">Pontien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%A8re" title="Antère">Antère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabien_(pape)" title="Fabien (pape)">Fabien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corneille_(pape)" title="Corneille (pape)">Corneille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Ier" title="Lucius Ier">Lucius <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Ier_(pape)" title="Étienne Ier (pape)">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixte_II" title="Sixte II">Sixte <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_(pape)" title="Denys (pape)">Denys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Ier" title="Félix Ier">Félix <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutychien" title="Eutychien">Eutychien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%AFus_(pape)" title="Caïus (pape)">Caïus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellin_(pape)" title="Marcellin (pape)">Marcellin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ier" title="Marcel Ier">Marcel <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eus%C3%A8be_(pape)" title="Eusèbe (pape)">Eusèbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miltiade_(pape)" title="Miltiade (pape)">Miltiade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvestre_Ier" title="Sylvestre Ier">Sylvestre <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_(pape)" title="Marc (pape)">Marc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Ier" title="Jules Ier">Jules <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lib%C3%A8re" title="Libère">Libère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damase_Ier" title="Damase Ier">Damase <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirice" title="Sirice">Sirice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastase_Ier_(pape)" title="Anastase Ier (pape)">Anastase <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li></ul> </div></td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg/120px-Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg/250px-Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="918" /></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffce00;"><a href="/wiki/Ve_si%C3%A8cle" title="Ve siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="5ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">V</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> – <a href="/wiki/VIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="VIIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="8ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">VIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background-color:#ffffd0;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_Ier" title="Innocent Ier">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zosime_(pape)" title="Zosime (pape)">Zosime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_Ier" title="Boniface Ier">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestin_Ier" title="Célestin Ier">Célestin <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixte_III" title="Sixte III">Sixte <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Ier_(pape)" title="Léon Ier (pape)">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilaire_(pape)" title="Hilaire (pape)">Hilaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplice_(pape)" title="Simplice (pape)">Simplice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_III" title="Félix III">Félix <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9lase_Ier" title="Gélase Ier">Gélase <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastase_II_(pape)" title="Anastase II (pape)">Anastase <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmaque_(pape)" title="Symmaque (pape)">Symmaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hormisdas" title="Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Ier_(pape)" title="Jean Ier (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_IV" title="Félix IV">Félix <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_II" title="Boniface II">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_II_(pape)" title="Jean II (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agapet_Ier" title="Agapet Ier">Agapet <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silv%C3%A8re" title="Silvère">Silvère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigile_(pape)" title="Vigile (pape)">Vigile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9lage_Ier" title="Pélage Ier">Pélage <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_III_(pape)" title="Jean III (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Ier" title="Benoît Ier">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9lage_II" title="Pélage II">Pélage <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_Ier" title="Grégoire Ier">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabinien" title="Sabinien">Sabinien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_III" title="Boniface III">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_IV" title="Boniface IV">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9odat_Ier" title="Adéodat Ier">Adéodat <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_V" title="Boniface V">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorius_Ier" title="Honorius Ier">Honorius <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9verin_(pape)" title="Séverin (pape)">Séverin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_IV_(pape)" title="Jean IV (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Ier_(pape)" title="Théodore Ier (pape)">Théodore <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Ier_(pape)" title="Martin Ier (pape)">Martin <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ier" title="Eugène Ier">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitalien_(pape)" title="Vitalien (pape)">Vitalien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9odat_II" title="Adéodat II">Adéodat <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donus" title="Donus">Donus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agathon_(pape)" title="Agathon (pape)">Agathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_II_(pape)" title="Léon II (pape)">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_II" title="Benoît II">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_V_(pape)" title="Jean V (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conon_(pape)" title="Conon (pape)">Conon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Ier_(pape)" title="Serge Ier (pape)">Serge <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_VI_(pape)" title="Jean VI (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_VII_(pape)" title="Jean VII (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisinnius" title="Sisinnius">Sisinnius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_(pape)" title="Constantin (pape)">Constantin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_II" title="Grégoire II">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_III" title="Grégoire III">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacharie_(pape)" title="Zacharie (pape)">Zacharie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_II_(pape)" title="Étienne II (pape)">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ier_(pape)" title="Paul Ier (pape)">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_III_(pape)" title="Étienne III (pape)">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_Ier" title="Adrien Ier">Adrien <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_III_(pape)" title="Léon III (pape)">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffce00;"><a href="/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> – <a href="/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_IV_(pape)" title="Étienne IV (pape)">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Ier" title="Pascal Ier">Pascal <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_II" title="Eugène II">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentin_(pape)" title="Valentin (pape)">Valentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_IV" title="Grégoire IV">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_II" title="Serge II">Serge <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_IV_(pape)" title="Léon IV (pape)">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_III" title="Benoît III">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ier_(pape)" title="Nicolas Ier (pape)">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_II" title="Adrien II">Adrien <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_VIII_(pape)" title="Jean VIII (pape)">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_Ier" title="Marin Ier">Marin <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_III" title="Adrien III">Adrien <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_V_(pape)" title="Étienne V (pape)">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formose_(pape)" title="Formose (pape)">Formose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_VI" title="Boniface VI">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_VI_(pape)" title="Étienne VI (pape)">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romain_(pape)" title="Romain (pape)">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_II_(pape)" title="Théodore II (pape)">Théodore <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_IX" title="Jean IX">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_IV" title="Benoît IV">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_V_(pape)" title="Léon V (pape)">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_III" title="Serge III">Serge <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastase_III" title="Anastase III">Anastase <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landon_(pape)" title="Landon (pape)">Landon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_X" title="Jean X">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_VI_(pape)" title="Léon VI (pape)">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_VII" title="Étienne VII">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XI" title="Jean XI">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_VII" title="Léon VII">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_VIII" title="Étienne VIII">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marin_II" title="Marin II">Marin <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agapet_II" title="Agapet II">Agapet <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XII" title="Jean XII">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_V" title="Benoît V">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_VIII" title="Léon VIII">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XIII" title="Jean XIII">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="13"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_VI" title="Benoît VI">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_VII" title="Benoît VII">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XIV" title="Jean XIV">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="14"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XV" title="Jean XV">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="15"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_V" title="Grégoire V">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvestre_II" title="Sylvestre II">Sylvestre <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XVII" title="Jean XVII">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="17"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XVII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XVIII" title="Jean XVIII">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="18"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XVIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_IV" title="Serge IV">Serge <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_VIII" title="Benoît VIII">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XIX" title="Jean XIX">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="19"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_IX" title="Benoît IX">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvestre_III" title="Sylvestre III">Sylvestre <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_VI" title="Grégoire VI">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_II" title="Clément II">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damase_II" title="Damase II">Damase <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_IX" title="Léon IX">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_II" title="Victor II">Victor <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_IX" title="Étienne IX">Étienne <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_II_(pape)" title="Nicolas II (pape)">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_II_(pape)" title="Alexandre II (pape)">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bon article"><img alt="Bon article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/20px-Bon_article.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/21px-Bon_article.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/28px-Bon_article.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_VII" title="Grégoire VII">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_III" title="Victor III">Victor <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_II" title="Urbain II">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_II" title="Pascal II">Pascal <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9lase_II" title="Gélase II">Gélase <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calixte_II" title="Calixte II">Calixte <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorius_II" title="Honorius II">Honorius <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_II" title="Innocent II">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestin_II" title="Célestin II">Célestin <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_II" title="Lucius II">Lucius <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_III" title="Eugène III">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastase_IV" title="Anastase IV">Anastase <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_IV" title="Adrien IV">Adrien <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_III_(pape)" title="Alexandre III (pape)">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_III" title="Lucius III">Lucius <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_III" title="Urbain III">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_VIII" title="Grégoire VIII">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_III" title="Clément III">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestin_III" title="Célestin III">Célestin <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_III" title="Innocent III">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffce00;"><a href="/wiki/XIIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XIIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="13ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> – <a href="/wiki/XVIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> siècle</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background-color:#ffffd0;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honorius_III" title="Honorius III">Honorius <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_IX" title="Grégoire IX">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestin_IV" title="Célestin IV">Célestin <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_IV" title="Innocent IV">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_IV_(pape)" title="Alexandre IV (pape)">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_IV" title="Urbain IV">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_IV" title="Clément IV">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_X" title="Grégoire X">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_V" title="Innocent V">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_V" title="Adrien V">Adrien <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XXI" title="Jean XXI">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="21"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XXI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_III" title="Nicolas III">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_IV" title="Martin IV">Martin <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorius_IV" title="Honorius IV">Honorius <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_IV" title="Nicolas IV">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestin_V" title="Célestin V">Célestin <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_VIII" title="Boniface VIII">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XI" title="Benoît XI">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_V" title="Clément V">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XXII" title="Jean XXII">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="22"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XXII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XII" title="Benoît XII">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_VI" title="Clément VI">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_VI" title="Innocent VI">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bon article"><img alt="Bon article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/20px-Bon_article.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/21px-Bon_article.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bon_article.svg/28px-Bon_article.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Urbain_V" title="Urbain V">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XI" title="Grégoire XI">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_VI" title="Urbain VI">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_IX" title="Boniface IX">Boniface <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_VII" title="Innocent VII">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XII" title="Grégoire XII">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_V" title="Martin V">Martin <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_IV" title="Eugène IV">Eugène <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nicolas <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calixte_III" title="Calixte III">Calixte <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_II" title="Pie II">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_II" title="Paul II">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixte_IV" title="Sixte IV">Sixte <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_VIII" title="Innocent VIII">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_VI" title="Alexandre VI">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_III" title="Pie III">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_II" title="Jules II">Jules <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_X" title="Léon X">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_VI" title="Adrien VI">Adrien <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_VII" title="Clément VII">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_III" title="Paul III">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_III" title="Jules III">Jules <abbr class="abbr" title="3"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">III</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_II" title="Marcel II">Marcel <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_IV" title="Paul IV">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_IV" title="Pie IV">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="4"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_V" title="Pie V">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XIII" title="Grégoire XIII">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="13"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixte_V" title="Sixte V">Sixte <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_VII" title="Urbain VII">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XIV" title="Grégoire XIV">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="14"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_IX" title="Innocent IX">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_VIII" title="Clément VIII">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffce00;">Depuis le<br /><a href="/wiki/XVIIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="XVIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_XI" title="Léon XI">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_V" title="Paul V">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="5"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">V</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XV" title="Grégoire XV">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="15"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbain_VIII" title="Urbain VIII">Urbain <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_X" title="Innocent X">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_VII" title="Alexandre VII">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_IX" title="Clément IX">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_X" title="Clément X">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_XI" title="Innocent XI">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_VIII" title="Alexandre VIII">Alexandre <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_XII" title="Innocent XII">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_XI" title="Clément XI">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocent_XIII" title="Innocent XIII">Innocent <abbr class="abbr" title="13"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIII_(pape)" title="Benoît XIII (pape)">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="13"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_XII" title="Clément XII">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XIV" title="Benoît XIV">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="14"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_XIII" title="Clément XIII">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="13"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_XIV" title="Clément XIV">Clément <abbr class="abbr" title="14"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_VI" title="Pie VI">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_VII" title="Pie VII">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="7"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_XII" title="Léon XII">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_VIII" title="Pie VIII">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="8"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_XVI" title="Grégoire XVI">Grégoire <abbr class="abbr" title="16"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XVI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_IX" title="Pie IX">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="9"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">IX</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_XIII" title="Léon XIII">Léon <abbr class="abbr" title="13"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_X" title="Pie X">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="10"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">X</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XV" title="Benoît XV">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="15"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XV</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_XI" title="Pie XI">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="11"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_XII" title="Pie XII">Pie <abbr class="abbr" title="12"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_XXIII" title="Jean XXIII">Jean <abbr class="abbr" title="23"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XXIII</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI" title="Paul VI">Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="6"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">VI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Ier" title="Jean-Paul Ier">Jean-Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="premier"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">I</span><sup>er</sup></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_II" title="Jean-Paul II">Jean-Paul <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_XVI" title="Benoît XVI">Benoît <abbr class="abbr" title="16"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">XVI</span></abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_(pape)" title="François (pape)">François</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="background-color:#ffce00;" colspan="3"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89glise_catholique" title="Église catholique">Église catholique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoire_de_l%27%C3%89glise_catholique" title="Histoire de l'Église catholique">Histoire de l'Église catholique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican" title="Vatican">Vatican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoire_du_Vatican" title="Histoire du Vatican">Histoire du Vatican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curie_romaine" title="Curie romaine">Curie romaine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Catholicisme" title="Portail du catholicisme"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/IHS-monogram-Jesus-medievalesque.svg/28px-IHS-monogram-Jesus-medievalesque.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/IHS-monogram-Jesus-medievalesque.svg/42px-IHS-monogram-Jesus-medievalesque.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/IHS-monogram-Jesus-medievalesque.svg/55px-IHS-monogram-Jesus-medievalesque.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="692" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Catholicisme" title="Portail:Catholicisme">Portail du catholicisme</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge_tardif" title="Portail du Moyen Âge tardif"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/40px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg/60px-John_duke_of_burgundy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="489" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Moyen_%C3%82ge_tardif" title="Portail:Moyen Âge tardif">Portail du Moyen Âge tardif</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Vatican" title="Portail du Vatican"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Vatican" title="Portail:Vatican">Portail du Vatican</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Italie" title="Portail de l’Italie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/120px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Italie" title="Portail:Italie">Portail de l’Italie</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&oldid=220547732">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_V&oldid=220547732</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Nicolas_V" title="Catégorie:Nicolas V">Nicolas V</a></li><li><a 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novembre 1397">Naissance en novembre 1397</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D%C3%A9c%C3%A8s_%C3%A0_57_ans" title="Catégorie:Décès à 57 ans">Décès à 57 ans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Personnalit%C3%A9_inhum%C3%A9e_dans_les_grottes_vaticanes" title="Catégorie:Personnalité inhumée dans les grottes vaticanes">Personnalité inhumée dans les grottes vaticanes</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_une_frise_chronologique" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant une frise chronologique">Page utilisant une frise chronologique</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Page_utilisant_P1047" title="Catégorie:Page utilisant P1047">Page utilisant P1047</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_utilisant_une_Infobox" title="Catégorie:Article utilisant une Infobox">Article utilisant une Infobox</a></li><li><a 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