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data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9forme_mon%C3%A9taire_de_1991_en_URSS" title="Réforme monétaire de 1991 en URSS – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Réforme monétaire de 1991 en URSS" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSRS_1991_met%C5%B3_pinig%C5%B3_reforma" title="TSRS 1991 metų pinigų reforma – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="TSRS 1991 metų pinigų reforma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0_1991_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Денежная реформа в СССР 1991 года">the corresponding article</a> in Russian</b>.  <i><small>(January 2024)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Денежная реформа в СССР 1991 года]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|ru|Денежная реформа в СССР 1991 года}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Monetary_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1991" title="Talk:Monetary reform in the Soviet Union, 1991">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Monetary reform of 1991</b> (known also as <b>Pavlov Reform</b>) was the last such reform in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. The reform retired and confiscated large-denomination bills to attempt to dampen inflation and combat the <a href="/wiki/Black_market" title="Black market">black market</a> within the Soviet Union.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It began on January 22, 1991. Its architect was Minister of Finance <a href="/wiki/Valentin_Pavlov" title="Valentin Pavlov">Valentin Pavlov</a>, who was to become the last prime minister of the Soviet Union on January 14, 1991. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monetary_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1991&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 22 January 1991, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the USSR">President of the USSR</a> <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> signed a <a href="/wiki/Decree" title="Decree">decree</a> where the 1961-issued large-denomination banknotes, the 50 ruble and 100 ruble banknote, to be retired and removed from circulation.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All banknotes were to be exchanged for smaller denomination bills, with an unrestricted 1000 ruble exchange limit, roughly equivalent to the monthly salary. The exchange deadline was 3 days from January 23 to January 25.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monetary_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1991&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the decree was reported on television, on 23 January 1991, a crowd gathered and started besieging banks to exchange their bills to smaller variants. As banks were not informed of the decree, and with limited money, they refused to open, while lines were starting to form. Soviet Police was summoned to maintain order. <a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Khasbulatov" title="Ruslan Khasbulatov">Ruslan Khasbulatov</a> said that: "The utter immorality of this decree is bound to cost the central government what little confidence people still have in it."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The governmental plan of confiscating 30 billion rubles<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> failed as only 14 billion roubles were withdrawn from circulation.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More economical reforms under Pavlov's leadership continued, described by Sandeip Khakase as "<a href="/wiki/Shock_therapy_(economics)" title="Shock therapy (economics)">shock therapy</a>" reforms and deemed unpopular. On April 2, prices for products were increased by 3 times, while wages were only increased by 20-30%, causing many workers to lose jobs.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monetary_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1991&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l_IzAAAAIBAJ&dq=Monetary+reform+in+the+Soviet+Union%2C+1991&pg=PA2">"Wave of panic over currency fuels bank run"</a>. <i>The Los Angeles Times</i>. January 24, 1991. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2024</span> – via The Register-Guard.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Wave+of+panic+over+currency+fuels+bank+run&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1991-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl_IzAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3DMonetary%2Breform%2Bin%2Bthe%2BSoviet%2BUnion%252C%2B1991%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonetary+reform+in+the+Soviet+Union%2C+1991" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhakase2017" class="citation book cs1">Khakase, Sandeip (2017). <i>Demonetisation: Monumental Blunder Or Master Stroke</i>. India: Peoples Literature Publication. pp. 56–58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788193252550" title="Special:BookSources/9788193252550"><bdi>9788193252550</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Demonetisation%3A+Monumental+Blunder+Or+Master+Stroke&rft.place=India&rft.pages=56-58&rft.pub=Peoples+Literature+Publication&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9788193252550&rft.aulast=Khakase&rft.aufirst=Sandeip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonetary+reform+in+the+Soviet+Union%2C+1991" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZubok2022" class="citation book cs1">Zubok, Vladislav Martinovič (2022). <i>Collapse: the fall of the Soviet Union</i> (First published in paperback ed.). New Haven London: Yale University Press. p. 189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-25730-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-25730-4"><bdi>978-0-300-25730-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collapse%3A+the+fall+of+the+Soviet+Union&rft.place=New+Haven+London&rft.pages=189&rft.edition=First+published+in+paperback&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-0-300-25730-4&rft.aulast=Zubok&rft.aufirst=Vladislav+Martinovi%C4%8D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonetary+reform+in+the+Soviet+Union%2C+1991" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monetary_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1991&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZharkov" class="citation web cs1">Zharkov, Mikhail. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allperestroika.ru/en/monetary-reform-in-ussr-1991.html">"Monetary Reform of 1991"</a>. <i>allperestroika.ru</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=allperestroika.ru&rft.atitle=Monetary+Reform+of+1991&rft.aulast=Zharkov&rft.aufirst=Mikhail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fallperestroika.ru%2Fen%2Fmonetary-reform-in-ussr-1991.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMonetary+reform+in+the+Soviet+Union%2C+1991" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monetary_reform_in_the_Soviet_Union,_1991&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_500_and_1000_rupee_currency_demonetisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian 500 and 1000 rupee currency demonetisation">Indian 500 and 1000 rupee currency demonetisation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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class="mw-selflink selflink">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monetary_reform_in_Russia,_1993" title="Monetary reform in Russia, 1993">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monetary_reform_in_Russia,_1998" title="Monetary reform in Russia, 1998">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modification_of_banknotes_of_the_Russian_ruble_(2022%E2%80%942025)" title="Modification of banknotes of the Russian ruble (2022—2025)">2022</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Priority_Projects" title="National Priority Projects">National Priority Projects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilization_Fund_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Stabilization Fund of the Russian Federation">Stabilization Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Russia" title="Great Recession in Russia">Great Recession in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medvedev_modernisation_programme" title="Medvedev modernisation programme">Medvedev modernisation programme</a></li> <li><a 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industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Russia" title="Petroleum industry in Russia">Petroleum industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry_in_Russia" title="Pharmaceutical industry in Russia">Pharmaceutical industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Chemical_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Chemical Industry">Chemical industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallurgy_of_Russia" title="Metallurgy of Russia">Metallurgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_Industry_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipe Industry of Russia">Pipe Industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Russia" title="Science and technology in Russia">Science and technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Russia" title="Telecommunications in Russia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Russia" title="Transport in Russia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Russia" title="Rail transport in Russia">Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Russia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Russia">Vehicle registration plates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Russia" title="Gambling in Russia">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grocery_retailing_in_Russia" title="Grocery retailing in Russia">Grocery retailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_technology_in_Russia" title="Information technology in Russia">Information technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_industry_of_Russia" title="Music industry of Russia">Music industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Russia" title="Tourism in Russia">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ruble" title="Russian ruble">Russian ruble</a> (<a href="/wiki/Digital_ruble" title="Digital ruble">Digital ruble</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Account_Chamber_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Account Chamber of Russia">Account Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Russia" title="Banking in Russia">Banking</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Russia" title="List of banks in Russia">Banks</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Russia" title="Central Bank of Russia">Central Bank of Russia</a></small></li> <li><small><a 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title="Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation">Social Insurance Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_market_in_Russia" title="Stock market in Russia">Stock market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Russia" title="Taxation in Russia">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excise_stamps_of_Russia" title="Excise stamps of Russia">Excise stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_billionaires_by_net_worth" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Russian billionaires by net worth">Billionaires</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional economies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_resources_of_Primorsky_Krai" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural resources of Primorsky Krai">Natural resources of Primorsky Krai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_federal_districts_by_GDP" title="List of Russian federal districts by GDP">Federal districts by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_GRP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by GRP">Federal subjects by GRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by GDP per capita">Federal subjects by GDP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by Human Development Index">Federal subjects by HDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_poverty_rate" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by poverty rate">Federal subjects by poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_Unemployment_Rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal subjects of Russia by Unemployment Rate">Federal subjects by unemployment rate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Economic_Region" title="Central Economic Region">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Ural economic region">Ural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="North Caucasus economic region">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Volga economic region">Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="West Siberian economic region">West Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Siberian_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="East Siberian economic region">East Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga-Vyatka_economic_region" 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