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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_Chief_Whip"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Government Chief Whip</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_Chief_Whip-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Backbench_MP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Backbench_MP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Backbench MP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Backbench_MP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secretary_of_State_for_Transport_(2022–2024)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secretary_of_State_for_Transport_(2022–2024)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Secretary of State for Transport (2022–2024)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secretary_of_State_for_Transport_(2022–2024)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> 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href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="মার্ক হার্পার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মার্ক হার্পার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Harper" title="Mark Harper – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mark Harper" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Harper_(homme_politique)" title="Mark Harper (homme politique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mark Harper (homme politique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF_%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%83%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մարկ Հարփեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարկ Հարփեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Harper" title="Marcus Harper – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Marcus Harper" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="مارك هاربر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارك هاربر" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British politician (born 1970)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Guyanese cricketer, see <a href="/wiki/Mark_Harper_(cricketer)" title="Mark Harper (cricketer)">Mark Harper (cricketer)</a>. For the American football player, see <a href="/wiki/Mark_Harper_(American_football)" title="Mark Harper (American football)">Mark Harper (American football)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Mark Harper</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait,_October_2022_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait%2C_October_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait%2C_October_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait%2C_October_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait%2C_October_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait%2C_October_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Mark_Harper_Official_Cabinet_Portrait%2C_October_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2768" data-file-height="3693" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2022</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />25 October 2022 – 5 July 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Rishi Sunak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anne-Marie_Trevelyan" title="Anne-Marie Trevelyan">Anne-Marie Trevelyan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louise_Haigh" title="Louise Haigh">Louise Haigh</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip of the House of Commons</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury">Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />9 May 2015 – 14 July 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Gavin Williamson</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Disabled_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Disabled People">Minister of State for Disabled People</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 July 2014 – 8 May 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Penning" title="Mike Penning">Mike Penning</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Tomlinson" title="Justin Tomlinson">Justin Tomlinson</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Immigration">Minister of State for Immigration</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />4 September 2012 – 8 February 2014</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Damian_Green" title="Damian Green">Damian Green</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Brokenshire" title="James Brokenshire">James Brokenshire</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_for_Political_and_Constitutional_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary for Political and Constitutional Reform">Parliamentary Secretary for Political and Constitutional Reform</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 May 2010 – 4 September 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Office established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chloe_Smith" title="Chloe Smith">Chloe Smith</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Shadow Minister for Disabled People</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />3 July 2007 – 11 May 2010</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Curran" title="Margaret Curran">Margaret Curran</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Forest of Dean (UK Parliament constituency)">Forest of Dean</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 May 2005 – 30 May 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diana_Organ" title="Diana Organ">Diana Organ</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Bishop_(politician)" title="Matt Bishop (politician)">Matt Bishop</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Mark James Harper</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1970-02-26</span>) </span>26 February 1970<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 54)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Margaret Harper</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brasenose_College,_Oxford" title="Brasenose College, Oxford">Brasenose College, Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mark James Harper</b> (born 26 February 1970) is a British politician who served in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet</a> as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip of the House of Commons</a> from 2015 to 2016 and as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a> from 2022 to 2024. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a>, he served as the <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) for <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Forest of Dean (UK Parliament constituency)">Forest of Dean</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a> from <a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a> until his defeat in 2024. </p><p>Harper was born in <a href="/wiki/Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a> and studied <a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_politics_and_economics" title="Philosophy, politics and economics">philosophy, politics and economics</a> at <a href="/wiki/Brasenose_College,_Oxford" title="Brasenose College, Oxford">Brasenose College, Oxford</a>. He was a <a href="/wiki/Chartered_accountant" title="Chartered accountant">chartered accountant</a> before his election to Parliament. Under the <a href="/wiki/Cameron-Clegg_coalition" class="mw-redirect" title="Cameron-Clegg coalition">coalition government</a> of <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> he served as <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_for_Political_and_Constitutional_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary for Political and Constitutional Reform">Parliamentary Secretary for Political and Constitutional Reform</a> before being promoted to <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Immigration">Minister of State for Immigration</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2012_British_cabinet_reshuffle" title="2012 British cabinet reshuffle">2012 reshuffle</a>. During his tenure at the <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Office</a>, he devised a <a href="/wiki/%22Go_Home%22_vans" title=""Go Home" vans">controversial campaign in which advertising vans told illegal migrants to "go home"</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned as Immigration Minister in February 2014, but quickly returned to government as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Disabled_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Disabled People">Minister of State for Disabled People</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2014_British_cabinet_reshuffle" title="2014 British cabinet reshuffle">July 2014 reshuffle</a>. </p><p>Harper was promoted to Cameron's cabinet as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip of the House of Commons</a> following the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a>; he served in the role for a year before being sacked by incoming Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> in 2016. Harper was a candidate for <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)">leader of the Conservative Party</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Conservative_Party_(UK)_leadership_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Conservative Party (UK) leadership election">2019 leadership contest</a>, finishing ninth out of 10 candidates with 10 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Johnson_premiership" class="mw-redirect" title="Johnson premiership">Johnson premiership</a>, he was the chair of the <a href="/wiki/COVID_Recovery_Group" title="COVID Recovery Group">COVID Recovery Group</a> of Conservative MPs advocating for looser COVID-19 restrictions. After <a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Rishi Sunak</a> became Prime Minister, Harper was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">Cabinet</a> as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harper was born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, where he had a working-class upbringing: his father was a manual worker and his mother was employed by a book club.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was educated at <a href="/wiki/Swindon_Academy" title="Swindon Academy">Headlands Comprehensive School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swindon_College" title="Swindon College">Swindon College</a>. He read <a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_politics_and_economics" title="Philosophy, politics and economics">philosophy, politics and economics</a> at <a href="/wiki/Brasenose_College,_Oxford" title="Brasenose College, Oxford">Brasenose College, Oxford</a>, where he studied under Professor <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Bogdanor" title="Vernon Bogdanor">Vernon Bogdanor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GuardFPTP_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardFPTP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upon graduation in 1991, Harper joined <a href="/wiki/KPMG" title="KPMG">KPMG</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Financial_audit" title="Financial audit">auditor</a>. After qualifying as a <a href="/wiki/Chartered_accountant" title="Chartered accountant">chartered accountant</a>, he joined <a href="/wiki/Intel_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Corporation">Intel Corporation</a>. In 2002, he left Intel to set up his own accountancy practice.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-morris_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morris-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before entering Parliament, Harper was the treasurer of the <a href="/wiki/Swindon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Swindon (UK Parliament constituency)">Swindon</a> Conservative Association and served as vice-chairman for a year in 1998. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parliamentary_career">Parliamentary career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Parliamentary career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001 general election</a>, Harper contested the <a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire" title="Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a> seat of <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Forest of Dean (UK Parliament constituency)">Forest of Dean</a> but came second to the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a> MP <a href="/wiki/Diana_Organ" title="Diana Organ">Diana Organ</a>; Harper won 38.8% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-electoralcalculus2001_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electoralcalculus2001-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Organ retired at the <a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005 general election</a> and Harper was elected for the Conservatives with a majority of 2,049 votes, similar to the Labour majority at the previous election,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 40.9% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-electoralcalculus2005_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electoralcalculus2005-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same general election, Harper's wife Margaret stood for election as the Conservative candidate in <a href="/wiki/Worcester_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Worcester (UK Parliament constituency)">Worcester</a>, where she finished in second place to the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> candidate, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foster_(Worcester_MP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Foster (Worcester MP)">Michael Foster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-electoralcalculus2005_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electoralcalculus2005-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 May 2005, Harper made his <a href="/wiki/Maiden_speech" title="Maiden speech">maiden speech</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which he advocated giving the parents of children with special educational needs the option of sending their children to a non-mainstream school – an issue of local interest in Harper's Gloucestershire seat and one close to the heart of the then Shadow Education Secretary, <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a>, whose son Ivan was born with severe learning difficulties.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Cameron was elected leader of the party in December 2005, he made Harper a spokesman on armed forces welfare issues and veterans. </p><p>Harper has sat on the Commons Administration Committee and briefly on the Work and Pensions Committee. On matters of foreign policy, he has consistently voted in support of British military intervention overseas.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harper was described in 2015 as a <a href="/wiki/Eurosceptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurosceptic">Eurosceptic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even so, he campaigned to remain in the European Union during the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016 referendum on ending the UK's membership</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_parliamentary_expenses_scandal" title="United Kingdom parliamentary expenses scandal">The scandal over MPs' expenses</a> showed Harper to be a frugal parliamentarian: his only significant expenses claim was for a brief period of temporary accommodation occupied on a short-term basis soon after being elected in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the reshuffle of July 2007, Harper was made Shadow Minister for Disabled People, a position he held until the general election in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Junior_Minister_at_the_Cabinet_Office">Junior Minister at the Cabinet Office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Junior Minister at the Cabinet Office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010 general election</a>, Harper was re-elected with an increased vote share of 46.9% and an increased majority of 11,064.<sup id="cite_ref-electoralcalculus2010_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electoralcalculus2010-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon afterwards, Harper became <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_for_Political_and_Constitutional_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary for Political and Constitutional Reform">Parliamentary Secretary for Political and Constitutional Reform</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He worked with <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Prime Minister">Deputy Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Nick_Clegg" title="Nick Clegg">Nick Clegg</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Voting_System_and_Constituencies_Act_2011" title="Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011">Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011</a> that changed the voting system for electing MPs (Harper was not enthusiastic about the proposal,<sup id="cite_ref-GuardFPTP_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardFPTP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which had been a key bargaining chip in the <a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93Liberal_Democrat_coalition_agreement" title="Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition agreement">coalition negotiations</a> in May 2010). </p><p>In October 2010, the government introduced the <a href="/wiki/Public_Bodies_Act_2011" title="Public Bodies Act 2011">Public Bodies Act</a> to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which would allow it to sell or lease public forests in England. Harper supported the bill, describing it as an "exciting opportunity for community ownership." However, the measure was widely criticised by many residents within his Forest of Dean constituency<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by politicians with connections to the large oak forest after which Harper's parliamentary seat is named – including <a href="/wiki/Janet_Anne_Royall,_Baroness_Royall_of_Blaisdon" class="mw-redirect" title="Janet Anne Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon">Baroness Jan Royall</a>, leader of the opposition in the House of Lords. Following a public meeting – after which Harper had to be rescued by the police from what he described as "a baying mob"<sup id="cite_ref-mini_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mini-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – and a sustained national campaign which included the newly formed local Forest of Dean pressure group <a href="/wiki/Hands_off_our_Forest" title="Hands off our Forest">Hands off our Forest</a>, the government announced it had abandoned its plans and would remove the forestry clauses from the Public Bodies Bill.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harper worked on the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords_Reform_Bill_2012" title="House of Lords Reform Bill 2012">House of Lords Reform Bill</a>, which set out to introduce a smaller second chamber consisting mostly of elected peers. This was a Liberal Democrat policy that had also been mentioned as an aspiration in the Conservative Party's manifesto of 2010. In July 2012, 91 Conservative MPs defied the whips and voted with Labour against the proposals, something which led the coalition government to abandon the planned reform soon afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration_Minister">Immigration Minister</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Immigration Minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/%22Go_Home%22_vans" title=""Go Home" vans">"Go Home" vans</a></div> <p>In the reshuffle of September 2012, Harper was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Immigration">Minister of State for Immigration</a> at a time when levels of inward migration were falling but emigration rates were falling faster still, leading to a rise in net migration into the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the summer of 2013, Harper trialled a campaign aimed at illegal immigrants that consisted, in part, of lorries with hoardings attached to their load areas driving around London displaying the sign "Here Illegally? Go Home or Risk Arrest" with more information in smaller print on how to contact the <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Office</a> for advice. The scheme was seen as offensive by some and it divided opinion within the coalition's ministerial team.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2013, Harper told MPs: "The advertising vans in particular were too much of a blunt instrument and will not be used again".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As immigration minister, Harper stated "British citizenship is a privilege, not a right".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-privilege_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-privilege-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harper resigned as immigration minister on 8 February 2014, after he discovered that his self-employed cleaner did not have permission to work in the UK. In his resignation letter, Harper stated that he first made checks on his cleaner in 2007 and "considered the issue again" when appointed a minister in the Cabinet Office in 2010 and immigration minister in September 2012 but had concluded that "no further check was necessary". After launching a campaign to get employers and landlords to carry out "reasonable checks" on workers, Harper said that he thought it prudent to check the documents again, but could not locate them, and asked his cleaner for new copies. When his private office checked the details with immigration officials, it was found she did not have indefinite leave to stay in the UK. He immediately told Home Secretary <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a>, and then after notifying Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a>, he resigned. He was replaced by <a href="/wiki/James_Brokenshire" title="James Brokenshire">James Brokenshire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC26101442_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC26101442-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Indp9116797_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indp9116797-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_for_Disabled_People">Minister for Disabled People</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Minister for Disabled People"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ministerial reshuffle in July 2014 saw Harper restored to office in the role of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Disabled_People" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Disabled People">Minister of State for Disabled People</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Department for Work and Pensions</a> (DWP).<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took over responsibility for the relatively new <a href="/wiki/Personal_Independence_Payment" title="Personal Independence Payment">Personal Independence Payment</a> (PIP), as well as for the <a href="/wiki/Work_Capability_Assessment" title="Work Capability Assessment">Work Capability Assessment</a> (WCA) used to assess entitlement to <a href="/wiki/Employment_and_Support_Allowance" title="Employment and Support Allowance">Employment and Support Allowance</a> (ESA) – a legacy of New Labour. Both operations were plagued by large backlogs of unassessed claims.<sup id="cite_ref-beeb29821696_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beeb29821696-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2014, the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Budget_Responsibility" title="Office for Budget Responsibility">Office for Budget Responsibility</a> disclosed that Harper's department had failed to make the anticipated £3 billion annual saving in incapacity benefits spending expected by 2014 (the DWP achieved no saving at all from this budget over the whole of the 2010–15 parliamentary term).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2014, Harper attracted negative media attention after Steve Parry-Hearn, a prospective Labour parliamentary candidate, accused him of hypocrisy when he called for businesses to improve disabled access, even though his own high street constituency office was inaccessible to wheelchair users.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2015, Harper appeared before the <a href="/wiki/Work_and_Pensions_Select_Committee" title="Work and Pensions Select Committee">Work and Pensions Select Committee</a> to face questions over the problems with PIP.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A former senior civil servant appointed by the DWP to review PIP had found the scheme beset by "delays and backlogs" and had described the process, which was introduced by another minister in April 2013, as still representing "a major delivery challenge." Macmillan benefits advisers had told the reviewer that people had died while waiting for their PIP claim to be processed. The MS Society described these delays as unacceptable and some charities called for the PIP scheme to be halted.<sup id="cite_ref-amelia_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amelia-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2015, the US firm <a href="/wiki/Maximus_Inc." title="Maximus Inc.">Maximus</a> began carrying out WCAs in place of <a href="/wiki/Atos" title="Atos">Atos</a> under a completely new contract that would cost almost £600 million and run until late 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was initial optimism within Whitehall that a new contract and a new provider would mean the start of a new chapter in fit-for-work assessment, although two House of Commons select committees – the Work and Pensions Committee and the Public Accounts Committee – had between them concluded that the DWP's policies, its operational decisions and its failure to monitor Atos adequately were to blame for many of the assessment's earlier failings.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A review by the <a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Audit Office (United Kingdom)">National Audit Office</a> of the performance of the new contract in its first year was sceptical about its value for money,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the WCA backlog had been virtually eliminated by the spring of 2016. </p><p>By the time he left the DWP, Harper had brought about a substantial reduction in the size of the backlog of PIP claims as well. This was achieved by: drafting in hundreds more DWP decision-makers; assessing more claims on the basis of the documents supplied by claimants, rather than through more time-consuming face-to-face assessments; changing the way that waiting times were measured; and streamlining the whole end-to-end process.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_Chief_Whip">Government Chief Whip</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Government Chief Whip"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a>, Harper was again re-elected with a decreased vote share of 46.8% and a decreased majority of 10,987.<sup id="cite_ref-electoralcalculus2015_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electoralcalculus2015-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was promoted to Chief Whip after the Conservative general election victory in May 2015. </p><p>In December 2015, after a vote in favour of using Britain's military capabilities against the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a> in Syria, the <i><a href="/wiki/London_Evening_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="London Evening Standard">London Evening Standard</a></i> reported that: "David Cameron dashed to the Government whips' office to congratulate Chief Whip Mark Harper following the Commons vote on the war, which saw MPs back action after a 10-hour debate."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Backbench_MP">Backbench MP</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Backbench MP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following David Cameron's resignation and the ascension of <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> to the Prime Ministership, May dismissed Harper from the cabinet and he returned to the <a href="/wiki/Backbenches" class="mw-redirect" title="Backbenches">backbenches</a>. </p><p>At the snap <a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017 general election</a>, Harper was again re-elected with an increased vote share of 54.3% and a decreased majority of 9,502.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News2_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News2-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was again re-elected at the <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019 general election</a> with an increased vote share of 59.6% and an increased majority of 15,869.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News2_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News2-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Harper was a critic of the government's approach. In November 2020, he became chair of the <a href="/wiki/COVID_Recovery_Group" title="COVID Recovery Group">COVID Recovery Group</a>, a group of MPs who advocated against lockdown and for looser restrictions.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2022, Harper submitted a letter of no confidence in Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Partygate" title="Partygate">Partygate</a> scandal. Harper said that Johnson was "no longer worthy" of remaining Prime Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2022, Harper was re-selected as the Conservative candidate for Forest of Dean at the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secretary_of_State_for_Transport_(2022–2024)"><span id="Secretary_of_State_for_Transport_.282022.E2.80.932024.29"></span>Secretary of State for Transport (2022–2024)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Secretary of State for Transport (2022–2024)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sunak_ministry" title="Sunak ministry">Sunak ministry</a></div> <p>Upon the accession of <a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Rishi Sunak</a> to the Prime Ministership, Harper made a return to the frontbench when he was appointed <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a> on 25 October 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His appointment came amid <a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%93present_United_Kingdom_railway_strikes" title="2022–present United Kingdom railway strikes">a period of significant industrial action</a> held by railway staff. Harper refused to negotiate with the unions, which led to a years-long standoff and rolling strikes.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2023 the closure of almost all ticket offices at railway stations, making hundreds of staff redundant, was proposed after Harper instructed train operators to cut costs.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposal was later scrapped.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2023, Harper spoke out against the governing Conservative Party's transportation policies, particularly anti-pollution charges on cars and low speed limits. He called his party "proudly pro-car."<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In particular, his speech at the party conference appeared to "echo conspiracy theories about sinister plots linked to the concept of '15-minute cities'", suggesting that councils could "decide when people could go the shops", described by the BBC as "not an accurate characterisation of '15-minute cities'."<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a>, the railway unions campaigned specifically against Harper, aiming to dislodge him in favour of the Labour candidate <a href="/wiki/Matt_Bishop_(politician)" title="Matt Bishop (politician)">Matt Bishop</a>. Harper was narrowly defeated in the election.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Negotiations resumed after his defeat and the dispute was largely resolved by the new government that September.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harper is married to Margaret.<sup id="cite_ref-morris_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morris-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, he was sworn in as a member of <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Most_Honourable_Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council">Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This gave him the <a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Honorific Prefix</a> "<a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a>" for life. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/feb/09/mark-harper-immigration-minister-resigns">"Immigration minister Mark Harper resigns over illegal immigrant cleaner"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 9 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Gloucestershire Live. 11 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191029152025/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/gloucester-news/everything-you-need-know-brexit-2919585">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everything+you+need+to+know+%E2%80%93+from+Brexit+to+a+broken+foot+%E2%80%93+about+Mark+Harper+as+Forest+of+Dean+MP+launches+bid+to+be+Prime+Minister&rft.pub=Gloucestershire+Live&rft.date=2019-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gloucestershirelive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fgloucester-news%2Feverything-you-need-know-brexit-2919585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23878689">"Net migration to UK increases – Office for National Statistics"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180822024016/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23878689">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Net+migration+to+UK+increases+%E2%80%93+Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-23878689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolehouse2013" class="citation news cs1">Holehouse, Matthew (18 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10387694/Go-Home-vans-could-be-introduced-across-Britain-says-immigration-minister.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Go Home' vans could be introduced across Britain, says immigration minister"</a>. <i>Telegraph.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181121120355/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10387694/Go-Home-vans-could-be-introduced-across-Britain-says-immigration-minister.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=%27Go+Home%27+vans+could+be+introduced+across+Britain%2C+says+immigration+minister&rft.date=2013-10-18&rft.aulast=Holehouse&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2Fimmigration%2F10387694%2FGo-Home-vans-could-be-introduced-across-Britain-says-immigration-minister.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10417987/Home-Offices-Go-Home-immigration-vans-campaign-overwhelmed-by-hoax-texts-and-calls.html">"Home Office's 'Go Home' immigration vans campaign overwhelmed by hoax texts and calls"</a>. <i>Telegraph.co.uk</i>. 31 October 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171209172531/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10417987/Home-Offices-Go-Home-immigration-vans-campaign-overwhelmed-by-hoax-texts-and-calls.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=Home+Office%27s+%27Go+Home%27+immigration+vans+campaign+overwhelmed+by+hoax+texts+and+calls&rft.date=2013-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2Fimmigration%2F10417987%2FHome-Offices-Go-Home-immigration-vans-campaign-overwhelmed-by-hoax-texts-and-calls.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWintour2013" class="citation news cs1">Wintour, Patrick (22 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/oct/22/go-home-vans-scrapped-failure">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Go home' vans to be scrapped after experiment deemed a failure"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204212828/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/oct/22/go-home-vans-scrapped-failure">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=%27Go+home%27+vans+to+be+scrapped+after+experiment+deemed+a+failure&rft.date=2013-10-22&rft.aulast=Wintour&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2F2013%2Foct%2F22%2Fgo-home-vans-scrapped-failure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImmigration_Minister_Mark_Harper2014" class="citation report cs1">Immigration Minister Mark Harper (January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/277578/Factsheet_15_Deprivation.pdf">Immigration Bill – Fact Sheet: Deprivation of citizenship (clause 60)</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2021</span>. <q>British citizenship is a privilege, not a right</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Immigration+Bill+%E2%80%93+Fact+Sheet%3A+Deprivation+of+citizenship+%28clause+60%29&rft.pub=UK+Home+Office&rft.date=2014-01&rft.au=Immigration+Minister+Mark+Harper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F277578%2FFactsheet_15_Deprivation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Rt_Hon_Mark_Harper_MP2013" class="citation web cs1">The Rt Hon Mark Harper MP (8 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tougher-language-requirements-announced-for-british-citizenship">"Tougher language requirements announced for British citizenship"</a>. <i>GOV.UK</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Deprivation of citizenship on conducive grounds is rightly reserved for those who pose a threat to the UK or whose conduct involves very high harm.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=New+bill+quietly+gives+powers+to+remove+British+citizenship+without+notice&rft.date=2021-11-17&rft.aulast=Siddique&rft.aufirst=Haroon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2021%2Fnov%2F17%2Fnew-bill-quietly-gives-powers-to-remove-british-citizenship-without-notice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC26101442-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC26101442_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-26101442">"Immigration minister Mark Harper quits over cleaner's visa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 8 February 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140208221915/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-26101442">Archived</a> from the original on 8 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Twitter&rft.atitle=My+letter+to+%40SirGrahamBrady.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fmark_j_harper%2Fstatus%2F1516453716899029009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForrest2022" class="citation news cs1">Forrest, Adam (19 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/boris-johnson-resignation-tory-mark-harper-b2060965.html">"Boris Johnson 'no longer worthy' of being PM says senior Tory MP calling for resignation"</a>. <i>The Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Boris+Johnson+%27no+longer+worthy%27+of+being+PM+says+senior+Tory+MP+calling+for+resignation&rft.date=2022-04-19&rft.aulast=Forrest&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fboris-johnson-resignation-tory-mark-harper-b2060965.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Harper2022" class="citation web cs1">Mark Harper [@Mark_J_Harper] (24 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/Mark_J_Harper/status/1540426187385733120">"Honoured to be formally re-adopted as the @Conservatives candidate for the #ForestofDean, my home community that I'm proud to represent. Grateful for the continued support of my local Conservative Association and my constituents. I will always stand up for what's right"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honoured+to+be+formally+re-adopted+as+the+%40Conservatives+candidate+for+the+%23ForestofDean%2C+my+home+community+that+I%27m+proud+to+represent.+Grateful+for+the+continued+support+of+my+local+Conservative+Association+and+my+constituents.+I+will+always+stand+up+for+what%27s+right.&rft.date=2022-06-24&rft.au=Mark+Harper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FMark_J_Harper%2Fstatus%2F1540426187385733120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/ministers/secretary-of-state-for-transport#:~:text=The%20Rt%20Hon%20Mark%20Harper%20MP,-Mark%20Harper%20was">"Secretary of State for Transport – GOV.UK"</a>. <i>www.gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Secretary+of+State+for+Transport+%E2%80%93+GOV.UK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fministers%2Fsecretary-of-state-for-transport%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Rt%2520Hon%2520Mark%2520Harper%2520MP%2C-Mark%2520Harper%2520was&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToppingCousins2024" class="citation web cs1">Topping, Alexandra; Cousins, Rich (5 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jul/05/2024-election-portillo-moments-which-big-beasts-have-lost-their-seats">"The 2024 election's 'Portillo moments': which 'Big Beasts' have lost their seats?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+2024+election%27s+%27Portillo+moments%27%3A+which+%27Big+Beasts%27+have+lost+their+seats%3F&rft.date=2024-07-05&rft.aulast=Topping&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft.au=Cousins%2C+Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F05%2F2024-election-portillo-moments-which-big-beasts-have-lost-their-seats&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forestofdean.laboursites.org/2024/06/26/mick-whelan-endorses-matt-bishop-for-the-forest/">"Mick Whelan endorses Matt Bishop for The Forest"</a>. <i>Forest of Dean Labour Party</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forest+of+Dean+Labour+Party&rft.atitle=Mick+Whelan+endorses+Matt+Bishop+for+The+Forest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforestofdean.laboursites.org%2F2024%2F06%2F26%2Fmick-whelan-endorses-matt-bishop-for-the-forest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLancefield2023" class="citation news cs1">Lancefield, Neil (5 July 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/business/business-news/anger-over-plans-for-mass-closure-of-railway-station-ticket-offices-b1092364.html">"Anger over plans for mass closure of railway station ticket offices"</a>. <i>Evening Standard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Anger+over+plans+for+mass+closure+of+railway+station+ticket+offices&rft.date=2023-07-05&rft.aulast=Lancefield&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness-news%2Fanger-over-plans-for-mass-closure-of-railway-station-ticket-offices-b1092364.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTopham2023" class="citation news cs1">Topham, Gwyn (31 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2023/oct/31/rail-ticket-office-closures-in-england-train-operators">"Rail ticket office closures in England scrapped in government U-turn"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-02/uk-s-harper-attacks-sinister-local-government-traffic-measures">the original</a></span> on 2 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=UK%27s+Transport+Secretary+Attacks+%27Sinister%27+Local+Government+Traffic+Measures&rft.date=2023-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2023-10-02%2Fuk-s-harper-attacks-sinister-local-government-traffic-measures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilva2023" class="citation news cs1">Silva, Marco (3 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-66990302">"15 minute cities: How they got caught in conspiracy theories"</a>. <i>BBC</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=15+minute+cities%3A+How+they+got+caught+in+conspiracy+theories&rft.date=2023-10-03&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-66990302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001240">"Forest of Dean results"</a>. BBC News. July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forest+of+Dean+results&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2024-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Felection%2F2024%2Fuk%2Fconstituencies%2FE14001240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c0r8g244zggo">"Train drivers accept pay deal bringing end to strikes in England"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 18 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Train+drivers+accept+pay+deal+bringing+end+to+strikes+in+England&rft.date=2024-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fc0r8g244zggo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/privy-council-appointments-may-2015">"Privy Council appointments: May 2015"</a>. <i>Government of the United Kingdom</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.atitle=Privy+Council+appointments%3A+May+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fprivy-council-appointments-may-2015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Harper&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mark_Harper" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mark Harper">Mark Harper</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.markharper.org">Mark Harper MP</a> <i>official constituency website</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130508043815/http://www.conservatives.com/People/Members_of_Parliament/Harper_Mark.aspx">Profile</a> at the Conservative Party</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/mark-harper/1520">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/search/MemberContributions?memberId=1520">Contributions in Parliament</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicwhip.org.uk/mp.php?mpn=Mark_Harper">Voting record</a> at <a href="/wiki/Public_Whip" title="Public Whip">Public Whip</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/mark_harper/forest_of_dean">Record in Parliament</a> at <a href="/wiki/TheyWorkForYou" title="TheyWorkForYou">TheyWorkForYou</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080608221852/http://www.fodconservatives.com/">Forest of Dean Conservatives</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/representatives/profiles/31687.stm">"Democracy Live – Your representatives – Mark Harper"</a>. <i>bbc.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160415014748/http://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/representatives/profiles/31687.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=Democracy+Live+%E2%80%93+Your+representatives+%E2%80%93+Mark+Harper&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fdemocracylive%2Fhi%2Frepresentatives%2Fprofiles%2F31687.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMark+Harper" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Diana_Organ" title="Diana Organ">Diana Organ</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament<br />for the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Dean_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Forest of Dean (UK Parliament constituency)">Forest of Dean</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a>–<a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Matt Bishop</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Robathan" title="Andrew Robathan">Andrew Robathan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Shadow Minister for Forces Families and Welfare</a> </b><br />2005–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murrison" title="Andrew Murrison">Andrew Murrison</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Shadow Minister for the Disabled</a> </b><br />2007–2010 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Position abolished </b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Damian_Green" title="Damian Green">Damian Green</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Immigration">Minister of State for Immigration</a> </b><br />2012–2014 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Brokenshire" title="James Brokenshire">James Brokenshire</a></div><i><b>as Minister of State for Security and Immigration </b></i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Penning" title="Mike Penning">Mike Penning</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Minister of State for Disabled People</a> </b><br />2014–2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Tomlinson" title="Justin Tomlinson">Justin Tomlinson</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> </b><br />2015–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Gavin Williamson</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury">Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury</a> </b><br />2015–2016 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anne-Marie_Trevelyan" title="Anne-Marie Trevelyan">Anne-Marie Trevelyan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a> </b><br />2022–2024 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Louise_Haigh" title="Louise Haigh">Louise Haigh</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Chief_Whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Chief Whip">Conservative Chief Whip</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> </b><br />2015–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Gavin Williamson</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs">Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Hague" title="William Hague">William Hague</a> (2010–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Home_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for the Home Department">Secretary of State for the Home Department</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> (2010–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Justice" title="Secretary of State for Justice">Secretary of State for Justice</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clarke" title="Kenneth Clarke">Kenneth Clarke</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Grayling" title="Chris Grayling">Chris Grayling</a> (2012–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Secretary of State for Defence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Fox" title="Liam Fox">Liam Fox</a> (2010–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a> (2011–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fallon" title="Michael Fallon">Michael Fallon</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Business,_Innovation_and_Skills" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills">Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Cable" title="Vince Cable">Vince Cable</a> (2010–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajid_Javid" title="Sajid Javid">Sajid Javid</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Secretary of State for Work and Pensions">Secretary of State for Work and Pensions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Duncan_Smith" title="Iain Duncan Smith">Iain Duncan Smith</a> (2010–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Crabb" title="Stephen Crabb">Stephen Crabb</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Energy_and_Climate_Change" title="Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change">Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Huhne" title="Chris Huhne">Chris Huhne</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Davey" title="Ed Davey">Ed Davey</a> (2012–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Amber Rudd</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Health">Secretary of State for Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lansley" title="Andrew Lansley">Andrew Lansley</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a> (2012–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education" title="Secretary of State for Education">Secretary of State for Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a> (2010–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Morgan" title="Nicky Morgan">Nicky Morgan</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Communities_and_Local_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government">Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Pickles" title="Eric Pickles">Eric Pickles</a> (2010–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Clark" title="Greg Clark">Greg Clark</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretary of State for Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a> (2010–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Greening" title="Justine Greening">Justine Greening</a> (2011–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_McLoughlin" title="Patrick McLoughlin">Patrick McLoughlin</a> (2012–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Environment,_Food_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs">Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Spelman" title="Caroline Spelman">Caroline Spelman</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Paterson" title="Owen Paterson">Owen Paterson</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Truss" title="Liz Truss">Liz Truss</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_International_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for International Development">Secretary of State for International Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mitchell" title="Andrew Mitchell">Andrew Mitchell</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Greening" title="Justine Greening">Justine Greening</a> (2012–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Secretary of State for Northern Ireland">Secretary of State for Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Paterson" title="Owen Paterson">Owen Paterson</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Villiers" title="Theresa Villiers">Theresa Villiers</a> (2012–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Alexander" title="Danny Alexander">Danny Alexander</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Moore_(Scottish_politician)" title="Michael Moore (Scottish politician)">Michael Moore</a> (2010–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Carmichael" title="Alistair Carmichael">Alistair Carmichael</a> (2013–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mundell" title="David Mundell">David Mundell</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State for Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Gillan" title="Cheryl Gillan">Cheryl Gillan</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Jones_(Clwyd_West_MP)" title="David Jones (Clwyd West MP)">David Jones</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Crabb" title="Stephen Crabb">Stephen Crabb</a> (2014–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alun_Cairns" title="Alun Cairns">Alun Cairns</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Culture,_Media_and_Sport" title="Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport">Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Miller" title="Maria Miller">Maria Miller</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajid_Javid" title="Sajid Javid">Sajid Javid</a> (2014–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whittingdale" title="John Whittingdale">John Whittingdale</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet_members_not_heading_a_ministry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet members not heading a ministry</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Cabinet_Office" title="Minister for the Cabinet Office">Minister for the Cabinet Office</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Paymaster_General" title="Paymaster General">Paymaster General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Maude" title="Francis Maude">Francis Maude</a> (2010–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Hancock" title="Matt Hancock">Matt Hancock</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Office" title="Cabinet Office">Minister of State for Policy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Letwin" title="Oliver Letwin">Oliver Letwin</a> (2010–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Business,_Innovation_and_Skills" title="Department for Business, Innovation and Skills">Minister of State for Universities and Science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Willetts" title="David Willetts">David Willetts</a> (2010–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Clark" title="Greg Clark">Greg Clark</a> (2014–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Johnson" title="Jo Johnson">Jo Johnson</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Cookham" title="George Young, Baron Young of Cookham">George Young</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lansley" title="Andrew Lansley">Andrew Lansley</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hague" title="William Hague">William Hague</a> (2014–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Grayling" title="Chris Grayling">Chris Grayling</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">Chief Whip in the House of Commons</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury">Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_McLoughlin" title="Patrick McLoughlin">Patrick McLoughlin</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mitchell" title="Andrew Mitchell">Andrew Mitchell</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Cookham" title="George Young, Baron Young of Cookham">George Young</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a> (2014–2015)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mark Harper</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Galbraith,_2nd_Baron_Strathclyde" title="Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde">The Lord Strathclyde</a> (2010–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Hill,_Baron_Hill_of_Oareford" title="Jonathan Hill, Baron Hill of Oareford">The Lord Hill of Oareford</a> (2013–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Stowell,_Baroness_Stowell_of_Beeston" title="Tina Stowell, Baroness Stowell of Beeston">The Baroness Stowell of Beeston</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_to_the_Treasury" title="Chief Secretary to the Treasury">Chief Secretary to the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Laws" title="David Laws">David Laws</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Alexander" title="Danny Alexander">Danny Alexander</a> (2010–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Hands" title="Greg Hands">Greg Hands</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_without_portfolio_(United_Kingdom)" title="Minister without portfolio (United Kingdom)">Minister without Portfolio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sayeeda_Warsi,_Baroness_Warsi" title="Sayeeda Warsi, Baroness Warsi">The Baroness Warsi</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clarke" title="Kenneth Clarke">Kenneth Clarke</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Shapps" title="Grant Shapps">Grant Shapps</a> (2012–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Halfon" title="Robert Halfon">Robert Halfon</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General for England and Wales</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Advocate_General_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Advocate General for Northern Ireland">Advocate General for Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Grieve" title="Dominic Grieve">Dominic Grieve</a> (2010–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Wright" title="Jeremy Wright">Jeremy Wright</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Women_and_Equalities" title="Minister for Women and Equalities">Minister for Women and Equalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Miller" title="Maria Miller">Maria Miller</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Morgan" title="Nicky Morgan">Nicky Morgan</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Minister of State for Employment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esther_McVey" title="Esther McVey">Esther McVey</a> (2014–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priti_Patel" title="Priti Patel">Priti Patel</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Privy Seal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Cookham" title="George Young, Baron Young of Cookham">George Young</a> (2010–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lansley" title="Andrew Lansley">Andrew Lansley</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Stowell,_Baroness_Stowell_of_Beeston" title="Tina Stowell, Baroness Stowell of Beeston">The Baroness Stowell of Beeston</a> (2014–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Second_Cameron_Cabinet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Second_Cameron_Cabinet" title="Template:Second Cameron Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Second_Cameron_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Second Cameron Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Second_Cameron_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Second Cameron Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Second_Cameron_Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Second_Cameron_ministry" title="Second Cameron ministry">Second Cameron Cabinet</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alun_Cairns" title="Alun Cairns">Alun Cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Clark" title="Greg Clark">Greg Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Crabb" title="Stephen Crabb">Stephen Crabb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Duncan_Smith" title="Iain Duncan Smith">Iain Duncan Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fallon" title="Michael Fallon">Michael Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Grayling" title="Chris Grayling">Chris Grayling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Greening" title="Justine Greening">Justine Greening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajid_Javid" title="Sajid Javid">Sajid Javid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Letwin" title="Oliver Letwin">Oliver Letwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_McLoughlin" title="Patrick McLoughlin">Patrick McLoughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Morgan" title="Nicky Morgan">Nicky Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mundell" title="David Mundell">David Mundell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amber_Rudd" title="Amber Rudd">Amber Rudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Stowell,_Baroness_Stowell_of_Beeston" title="Tina Stowell, Baroness Stowell of Beeston">Baroness Stowell of Beeston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Truss" title="Liz Truss">Liz Truss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Villiers" title="Theresa Villiers">Theresa Villiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whittingdale" title="John Whittingdale">John Whittingdale</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(HM_Government)_(St_Edwards_Crown).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Government Coat of Arms." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/100px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/150px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg/200px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28HM_Government%29_%28St_Edwards_Crown%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1256" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Also attended meetings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Anelay,_Baroness_Anelay_of_St_Johns" title="Joyce Anelay, Baroness Anelay of St Johns">Baroness Anelay of St Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Halfon" title="Robert Halfon">Robert Halfon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Hancock" title="Matt Hancock">Matt Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Hands" title="Greg Hands">Greg Hands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mark Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priti_Patel" title="Priti Patel">Priti Patel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Soubry" title="Anna Soubry">Anna Soubry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Wright" title="Jeremy Wright">Jeremy Wright</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sunak_Cabinet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sunak_Cabinet" title="Template:Sunak Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sunak_Cabinet" title="Template talk:Sunak Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sunak_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sunak Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sunak_Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sunak_ministry" title="Sunak ministry">Sunak Cabinet</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Rishi Sunak</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Dowden" title="Oliver Dowden">Oliver Dowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cleverly" title="James Cleverly">James Cleverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Shapps" title="Grant Shapps">Grant Shapps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Chalk" title="Alex Chalk">Alex Chalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_Coutinho" title="Claire Coutinho">Claire Coutinho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Donelan" title="Michelle Donelan">Michelle Donelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Atkins" title="Victoria Atkins">Victoria Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Mordaunt" title="Penny Mordaunt">Penny Mordaunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_True,_Baron_True" title="Nicholas True, Baron True">The Lord True</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemi_Badenoch" title="Kemi Badenoch">Kemi Badenoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Barclay" title="Steve Barclay">Steve Barclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Stride" title="Mel Stride">Mel Stride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Keegan" title="Gillian Keegan">Gillian Keegan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mark Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Frazer" title="Lucy Frazer">Lucy Frazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holden_(British_politician)" title="Richard Holden (British politician)">Richard Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Heaton-Harris" title="Chris Heaton-Harris">Chris Heaton-Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alister_Jack" title="Alister Jack">Alister Jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_T._C._Davies" title="David T. C. Davies">David T. C. Davies</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Government Coat of Arms." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Also attended meetings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Hart" title="Simon Hart">Simon Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Trott_(politician)" title="Laura Trott (politician)">Laura Trott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Prentis" title="Victoria Prentis">Victoria Prentis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Glen_(politician)" title="John Glen (politician)">John Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_McVey" title="Esther McVey">Esther McVey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tugendhat" title="Tom Tugendhat">Tom Tugendhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mitchell" title="Andrew Mitchell">Andrew Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mercer_(politician)" title="Johnny Mercer (politician)">Johnny Mercer</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sunak_ministry#Departures_from_the_Sunak_ministry" title="Sunak ministry">Departures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Gavin Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadhim_Zahawi" title="Nadhim Zahawi">Nadhim Zahawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Raab" title="Dominic Raab">Dominic Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Wallace_(politician)" title="Ben Wallace (politician)">Ben Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suella_Braverman" title="Suella Braverman">Suella Braverman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Coffey" title="Thérèse Coffey">Thérèse Coffey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Quin" title="Jeremy Quin">Jeremy Quin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Jenrick" title="Robert Jenrick">Robert Jenrick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Secretaries_of_state_for_transport_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ministers_of_State_for_Transport" title="Template:Ministers of State for Transport"><abbr title="View this 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Transport" title="Secretary of State for Transport">Secretaries of state for transport of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Rodgers,_Baron_Rodgers_of_Quarry_Bank" title="Bill Rodgers, Baron Rodgers of Quarry Bank">Bill Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Fowler,_Baron_Fowler" title="Norman Fowler, Baron Fowler">Norman Fowler</a> (Minister of Transport 1979-1981, Secretary of State for Transport 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Howell,_Baron_Howell_of_Guildford" title="David Howell, Baron Howell of Guildford">David Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_King,_Baron_King_of_Bridgwater" title="Tom King, Baron King of Bridgwater">Tom King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley,_Baron_Ridley_of_Liddesdale" title="Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale">Nicholas Ridley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore,_Baron_Moore_of_Lower_Marsh" title="John Moore, Baron Moore of Lower Marsh">John Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Channon" title="Paul Channon">Paul Channon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Parkinson" title="Cecil Parkinson">Cecil Parkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Rifkind" title="Malcolm Rifkind">Malcolm Rifkind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_MacGregor,_Baron_MacGregor_of_Pulham_Market" title="John MacGregor, Baron MacGregor of Pulham Market">John MacGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mawhinney" title="Brian Mawhinney">Brian Mawhinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Cookham" title="George Young, Baron Young of Cookham">George Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prescott" title="John Prescott">John Prescott</a> (as Secretary of State for Environment, Transport and the Regions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Byers" title="Stephen Byers">Stephen Byers</a> (as Secretary of State for Transport, Local Government and the Regions)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Darling" title="Alistair Darling">Alistair Darling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Alexander" title="Douglas Alexander">Douglas Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Kelly" title="Ruth Kelly">Ruth Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Hoon" title="Geoff Hoon">Geoff Hoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Adonis,_Baron_Adonis" title="Andrew Adonis, Baron Adonis">Andrew, Lord Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justine_Greening" title="Justine Greening">Justine Greening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_McLoughlin" title="Patrick McLoughlin">Patrick McLoughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Grayling" title="Chris Grayling">Chris Grayling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Shapps" title="Grant Shapps">Grant Shapps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Marie_Trevelyan" title="Anne-Marie Trevelyan">Anne-Marie Trevelyan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mark Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Haigh" title="Louise Haigh">Louise Haigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Alexander" title="Heidi Alexander">Heidi Alexander</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Ministers_of_state_for_immigration_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ministers_of_State_for_Immigration" title="Template:Ministers of State for Immigration"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ministers_of_State_for_Immigration" title="Template talk:Ministers of State for Immigration"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ministers_of_State_for_Immigration" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ministers of State for Immigration"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Ministers_of_state_for_immigration_of_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Immigration">Ministers of state for immigration of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minister of State for Asylum and Immigration<br />1999–2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.5;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Roche" title="Barbara Roche">Roche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Rooker" title="Jeff Rooker">Rooker</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_lesser_arms).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_lesser_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minister of State for Immigration, Citizenship and Counter-Terrorism<br />2002–2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.5;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beverley_Hughes" title="Beverley Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Browne" title="Des Browne">Browne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minister of State for Immigration, Citizenship and Nationality<br />2005–2006</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.5;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tony_McNulty" title="Tony McNulty">McNulty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minister of State for Borders and Immigration<br />2006–2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.5;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Byrne" title="Liam Byrne">Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Woolas" title="Phil Woolas">Woolas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minister of State for Immigration<br />2010–2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.5;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damian_Green" title="Damian Green">Green</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brokenshire" title="James Brokenshire">Brokenshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Goodwill" title="Robert Goodwill">Goodwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Lewis" title="Brandon Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Nokes" title="Caroline Nokes">Nokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seema_Kennedy" title="Seema Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Foster_(politician)" title="Kevin Foster (politician)">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Pursglove" title="Tom Pursglove">Pursglove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Jenrick" title="Robert Jenrick">Jenrick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Minister of State for Legal Migration and Delivery<br />2023–2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.5;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Pursglove" title="Tom Pursglove">Pursglove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Conservative_Chief_Whips_(House_of_Commons)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#0087DC;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservative_Chief_Whips" title="Template:Conservative Chief Whips"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservative_Chief_Whips" title="Template talk:Conservative Chief Whips"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservative_Chief_Whips" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservative Chief Whips"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Conservative_Chief_Whips_(House_of_Commons)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip_of_the_Conservative_Party" title="Chief Whip of the Conservative Party"><span style="color:white;">Conservative Chief Whips (House of Commons)</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Holmes_(politician)" title="William Holmes (politician)">Holmes</a></li> <li><i>Vacant</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Clerk,_6th_Baronet" title="Sir George Clerk, 6th Baronet">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fremantle,_1st_Baron_Cottesloe" title="Thomas Fremantle, 1st Baron Cottesloe">Fremantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Young,_1st_Baron_Lisgar" title="John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar">J. Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Beresford_(politician)" title="William Beresford (politician)">Beresford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Forbes_Mackenzie" title="William Forbes Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jolliffe,_1st_Baron_Hylton" title="William Jolliffe, 1st Baron Hylton">Jolliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Taylor" title="Thomas Edward Taylor">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Noel_(politician)" title="Gerard Noel (politician)">Noel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Taylor" title="Thomas Edward Taylor">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hart_Dyke" title="William Hart Dyke">Hart Dyke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowland_Winn,_1st_Baron_St_Oswald" title="Rowland Winn, 1st Baron St Oswald">Winn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretas_Akers-Douglas,_1st_Viscount_Chilston" title="Aretas Akers-Douglas, 1st Viscount Chilston">Akers-Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Walrond,_1st_Baron_Waleran" title="William Walrond, 1st Baron Waleran">Walrond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fuller-Acland-Hood,_1st_Baron_St_Audries" title="Alexander Fuller-Acland-Hood, 1st Baron St Audries">Fuller-Arcland-Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lindsay,_27th_Earl_of_Crawford" title="David Lindsay, 27th Earl of Crawford">Balcarres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_FitzAlan-Howard,_1st_Viscount_FitzAlan_of_Derwent" title="Edmund FitzAlan-Howard, 1st Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Wilson_(politician)" title="Leslie Wilson (politician)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolton_Eyres-Monsell,_1st_Viscount_Monsell" title="Bolton Eyres-Monsell, 1st Viscount Monsell">Eyres-Monsell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Margesson,_1st_Viscount_Margesson" title="David Margesson, 1st Viscount Margesson">Margesson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stuart,_1st_Viscount_Stuart_of_Findhorn" title="James Stuart, 1st Viscount Stuart of Findhorn">Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Buchan-Hepburn,_1st_Baron_Hailes" title="Patrick Buchan-Hepburn, 1st Baron Hailes">Buchan-Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Redmayne,_Baron_Redmayne" title="Martin Redmayne, Baron Redmayne">Redmayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whitelaw" title="William Whitelaw">Whitelaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Pym" title="Francis Pym">Pym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Atkins" title="Humphrey Atkins">Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jopling" title="Michael Jopling">Jopling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wakeham" title="John Wakeham">Wakeham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Waddington" title="David Waddington">Waddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Renton" title="Tim Renton">Renton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ryder,_Baron_Ryder_of_Wensum" title="Richard Ryder, Baron Ryder of Wensum">Ryder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastair_Goodlad" title="Alastair Goodlad">Goodlad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Arbuthnot" title="James Arbuthnot">Arbuthnot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Maclean,_Baron_Blencathra" title="David Maclean, Baron Blencathra">Maclean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_McLoughlin" title="Patrick McLoughlin">McLoughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Mitchell" title="Andrew Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Cookham" title="George Young, Baron Young of Cookham">G. Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Gove</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Smith_(politician)" title="Julian Smith (politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Spencer_(British_politician)" title="Mark Spencer (British politician)">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Heaton-Harris" title="Chris Heaton-Harris">Heaton-Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Morton" title="Wendy Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Hart" title="Simon Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Andrew" title="Stuart Andrew">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Harris" title="Rebecca Harris">Harris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#0087DC;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="Template:2019 Conservative Party leadership election"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="Template talk:2019 Conservative Party leadership election"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2019 Conservative Party 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href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hunt" title="Jeremy Hunt">Jeremy Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajid_Javid" title="Sajid Javid">Sajid Javid</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Leadsom" title="Andrea Leadsom">Andrea Leadsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_McVey" title="Esther McVey">Esther McVey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_Raab" title="Dominic Raab">Dominic Raab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rory_Stewart" title="Rory Stewart">Rory Stewart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="Endorsements in the 2019 Conservative Party leadership election">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2019 Conservative Party leadership election">Opinion polling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#0087DC;color:white;"><div>* <i>Withdrew after first ballot</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: People <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478276#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at 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