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.IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">English: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɛr/: 'err' in 'merry'">ɛr</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">DERR</span>-iv-<span style="font-size:90%">EE</span>-nee</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: <i lang="ga">dearbhfhine</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ga-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">[ˌdʲaɾˠəˈvʲɪnʲə]</a></span>, from <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">derb</i></span> 'real' + <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">fine</i></span> 'group of persons of the same family or kindred', thus literally 'true kin'<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was a term for <a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">patrilineal groups</a> and power structures defined in the first written tracts in <a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_law" title="Early Irish law">early Irish law</a>. Its principal purpose was as an institution of property inheritance, with property redistributed on the death of a member to those remaining members of the derbfine. Comprising all the patrilineal descendants over a four-generation group with a common great-grandfather, it gradually gave way to a smaller three-generation kinship group, called the <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">gelfine</i></span>. </p><p>Within a <a href="/wiki/Clan" title="Clan">clan</a>, on the death of its chief or king, the surviving members of its derbfine would elect from their number a new chief and/or elect his successor, or <i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a></i> (in English, his <a href="/wiki/Tanistry" title="Tanistry">Tanist</a>). A larger number of clan members, either allies or cousins who were too distantly related to be members of the derbfine, would not have a direct say in such an election. The frequent recitations of a clan's <a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">genealogy</a> by its <a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">bards</a> was therefore a reminder of who was currently in or out of the clan's derbfine as much as it was a claim to ancient lineages. </p><p>Professor <a href="/wiki/Francis_John_Byrne" title="Francis John Byrne">Francis John Byrne</a> of <a href="/wiki/University_College_Dublin" title="University College Dublin">University College Dublin</a> also identified an <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">indfine</i></span> system used in some clans before the year 1000, with membership going back to a common great-great-great-grandfather, perhaps necessary at a time of frequent warfare.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the European context, membership of a derbfine was similar to holding the rank of <i><a href="/wiki/Prince_du_sang" title="Prince du sang">prince du sang</a></i> in France. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparative_systems">Comparative systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derbfine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Comparative systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/History_of_Anglo-Saxon_England" title="History of Anglo-Saxon England">later Anglo-Saxon England</a>, princes of the royal dynasty who were eligible for the kingship were known as <a href="/wiki/%C3%86theling" title="Ætheling">æthelings</a>. In Wales, an <i><a href="/wiki/Edling" title="Edling">edling</a></i> was the term for an accepted <a href="/wiki/Heir_apparent" title="Heir apparent">heir apparent</a> of a reigning Welsh monarch. </p><p>The inheritance of the Norman royal line on the death of <a href="/wiki/Stephen,_King_of_England" title="Stephen, King of England">Stephen, King of England</a> and his succession by his cousin, <a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_England" title="Henry II of England">Henry II</a>, is similar. Stephen's son was disinherited by consent, and Henry was chosen as the equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Tanistry" title="Tanistry">tánaiste</a> or next chieftain and succeeded to the English throne in 1154. The system was again attempted during the incapacity of <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI of England</a>, when the <a href="/wiki/House_of_York" title="House of York">House of York</a> obtained the support of some royal cousins to take the throne in 1461. By then, the norm in Europe was the system of <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">primogeniture</a>, which led on to the turbulent succession crises and policies of <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII of England</a> in 1527–36. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derbfine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appanage" title="Appanage">Appanage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Tyrone" title="Earl of Tyrone">Earl of Tyrone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_and_regrant" title="Surrender and regrant">Surrender and regrant</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derbfine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Marie Therese Flanagan, <i>Irish Society, Anglo Norman Settlers, Angevin Kingship</i> (OUP 1998)</li> <li>FJ Byrne, <i>Irish Kings and High-Kings</i> (various reprints)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References_2">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Derbfine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dil.ie/search?search_in=headword&q=derbfine">derbḟine</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/22px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/33px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/44px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="208" /></span></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">This article relating to law in Ireland is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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