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Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the disgrace of the mother who bore you?</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/1_samuel/20-30.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/3/09_1Sa_20_30.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="1 Samuel 20:30 - Saul Seeks to Kill Jonathan" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Then Saul's anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! 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Don&#8217t I know that you have sided with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? <a href="/nlt/1_samuel/20.htm">New Living Translation</a> Saul boiled with rage at Jonathan. “You stupid son of a whore!” he swore at him. “Do you think I don’t know that you want him to be king in your place, shaming yourself and your mother? <a href="/esv/1_samuel/20.htm">English Standard Version</a> Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman, do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <a href="/bsb/1_samuel/20.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? <a href="/kjv/1_samuel/20.htm">King James Bible</a> Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness? <a href="/nkjv/1_samuel/20.htm">New King James Version</a> Then Saul’s anger was aroused against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <a href="/nasb_/1_samuel/20.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you are choosing the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <a href="/nasb/1_samuel/20.htm">NASB 1995</a> Then Saul&#8217s anger burned against Jonathan and he said to him, &#8220You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you are choosing the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother&#8217s nakedness? <a href="/nasb77/1_samuel/20.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan and he said to him, “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you are choosing the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <a href="/lsb/1_samuel/20.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you are choosing the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <a href="/amp/1_samuel/20.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan and he said to him, “You son of a wayward, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse [over me] to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <a href="/csb/1_samuel/20.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Then Saul became angry with Jonathan and shouted, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don’t I know that you are siding with Jesse’s son to your own shame and to the disgrace of your mother? <a href="/hcsb/1_samuel/20.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Then Saul became angry with Jonathan and shouted, &#8220You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don&#8217t I know that you are siding with Jesse&#8217s son to your own shame and to the disgrace of your mother? <a href="/asv/1_samuel/20.htm">American Standard Version</a> Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of a perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness? <a href="/cev/1_samuel/20.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Saul was furious with Jonathan and yelled, "You're no son of mine, you traitor! I know you've chosen to be loyal to that son of Jesse. You should be ashamed of yourself! And your own mother should be ashamed that you were ever born. <a href="/erv/1_samuel/20.htm">English Revised Version</a> Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of a perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness? <a href="/gwt/1_samuel/20.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Then Saul got angry with Jonathan. "Son of a crooked and rebellious woman!" he called Jonathan. "I know you've sided with Jesse's son. You have no shame. [You act] as if you are your mother's son but not mine. <a href="/gnt/1_samuel/20.htm">Good News Translation</a> Saul became furious with Jonathan and said to him, "How rebellious and faithless your mother was! Now I know you are taking sides with David and are disgracing yourself and that mother of yours! <a href="/isv/1_samuel/20.htm">International Standard Version</a> Saul flew into a rage and told Jonathan, "You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don't I know that you have chosen Jesse's son to your shame and to the shame of your mother who bore you? <a href="/msb/1_samuel/20.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Then Saul?s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, ?You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? <a href="/net/1_samuel/20.htm">NET Bible</a> Saul became angry with Jonathan and said to him, "You stupid traitor! Don't I realize that to your own disgrace and to the disgrace of your mother's nakedness you have chosen this son of Jesse? <a href="/nheb/1_samuel/20.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Then Saul?s anger flared up at Jonathan, and he said to him, "You son of a rebellious slave girl, don?t I know that you are the companion of the son of Jesse, to your own disgrace, and to the disgrace of your mother's nakedness? <a href="/wbt/1_samuel/20.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thy own confusion, and to the confusion of thy mother's nakedness? <a href="/web/1_samuel/20.htm">World English Bible</a> Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse rebellious woman, don’t I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/1_samuel/20.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And the anger of Saul burns against Jonathan, and he says to him, “Son of a perverse [woman] of rebellion! Have I not known that you are fixing on the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of the nakedness of your mother? <a href="/ylt/1_samuel/20.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And the anger of Saul burneth against Jonathan, and he saith to him, 'Son of a perverse rebellious woman! have I not known that thou art fixing on the son of Jesse to thy shame, and to the shame of the nakedness of thy mother? <a href="/slt/1_samuel/20.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And Saul's anger will kindle against Jonathan, and he will say to him, Son of crooked rebelliousness, did I not know that thou choosest to the son of Jesse to thy shame and to the shame of thy mother's nakedness?<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/1_samuel/20.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Then Saul being angry against Jonathan said to him: Thou son of a woman that is the ravisher of a man, do I not know that thou lovest the son of Isai to thy own confusion and to the confusion of thy shameless mother? <a href="/cpdv/1_samuel/20.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Then Saul, becoming angry against Jonathan, said to him: “You son of a woman wantonly seizing a man! Could I be ignorant that you love the son of Jesse, to your own shame, and to the shame of your disgraceful mother? <a href="/nabre/1_samuel/20.htm">New American Bible</a> But Saul grew angry with Jonathan and said to him: “Son of a rebellious woman, do I not know that, to your own disgrace and to the disgrace of your mother’s nakedness, you are the companion of Jesse’s son? <a href="/nrsvce/1_samuel/20.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan. He said to him, “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness?<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/1_samuel/20.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, O you rebellious son, do I not know that you are delighted in the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother's nakedness? <a href="/hpbt/1_samuel/20.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And the anger of Shaul was provoked because of Jonathan, and he said to him: “Son of lack of chastisement! Do I not know that you delight in the son of Iyshay, to the shame of the nakedness of your mother?!<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/1_samuel/20.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him: 'Thou son of perverse rebellion, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own shame, and unto the shame of thy mother's nakedness? <a href="/sep/1_samuel/20.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And Saul was exceedingly angry with Jonathan, and said to him, Thou son of traitorous damsels! for do I not know that thou art an accomplice with the son of Jessae to thy same, and to the shame of thy mother's nakedness? <a href="/parallel/1_samuel/20-30.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H8oQfYUMRZg?start=6125" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/20.htm">Saul Seeks to Kill Jonathan</a> 30<a href="/hebrew/7586.htm" title="7586: šā·’ūl (N-proper-ms) -- Passive participle of sha'al; asked; Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites.">Then Saul’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/639.htm" title="639: ’ap̄ (N-msc) -- A nostril, nose, face, anger. From 'anaph; properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also ire.">anger</a> <a href="/hebrew/2734.htm" title="2734: way·yi·ḥar- (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To burn or be kindled with anger. A primitive root; to glow or grow warm; figuratively to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy.">burned</a> <a href="/hebrew/3083.htm" title="3083: bî·hō·w·nā·ṯān (Prep-b:: N-proper-ms) -- From Yhovah and nathan; Jehovah-given; Jehonathan, the name of four Israelites.">against Jonathan,</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">and he said</a> <a href="/hebrew/lōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- ">to him,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">“You son</a> <a href="/hebrew/5753.htm" title="5753: na·‘ă·waṯ (V-Nifal-Prtcpl-fsc) -- To bend, twist. A primitive root; to crook, literally or figuratively.">of a perverse</a> <a href="/hebrew/4780.htm" title="4780: ham·mar·dūṯ (Art:: N-fs) -- Rebellion, rebelliousness. From marad; rebelliousness.">and rebellious woman!</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: hă·lō·w (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">Do I not</a> <a href="/hebrew/3045.htm" title="3045: yā·ḏa‘·tî (V-Qal-Perf-1cs) -- A primitive root; to know; used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially.">know</a> <a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî- (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">that</a> <a href="/hebrew/859.htm" title="859: ’at·tāh (Pro-2ms) -- You (masc. sing.). ">you</a> <a href="/hebrew/977.htm" title="977: ḇō·ḥêr (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To choose. A primitive root; properly, to try, i.e. select.">have chosen</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: lə·ḇen- (Prep-l:: N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">the son</a> <a href="/hebrew/3448.htm" title="3448: yi·šay (N-proper-ms) -- Father of David. By Aramaic Iyshay; from the same as yesh; extant; Jishai, David's father.">of Jesse</a> <a href="/hebrew/1322.htm" title="1322: lə·ḇā·šə·tə·ḵā (Prep-l:: N-fsc:: 2ms) -- Shame, shameful thing. From buwsh; shame; by implication an idol.">to your own shame</a> <a href="/hebrew/1322.htm" title="1322: ū·lə·ḇō·šeṯ (Conj-w, Prep-l:: N-fsc) -- Shame, shameful thing. From buwsh; shame; by implication an idol.">and to the disgrace</a> <a href="/hebrew/517.htm" title="517: ’im·me·ḵā (N-fsc:: 2ms) -- A mother. A primitive word; a mother; in a wide sense (like 'ab).">of the mother</a> <a href="/hebrew/6172.htm" title="6172: ‘er·waṯ (N-fsc) -- Nakedness. From arah; nudity, literally or figuratively.">who bore you?</a> 31For as long as the son of Jesse lives on this earth, neither you nor your kingship shall be established. Now send for him and bring him to me, for he must surely die!”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/1_samuel/18-8.htm">1 Samuel 18:8-9</a> And Saul was furious and resented this song. “They have ascribed tens of thousands to David,” he said, “but only thousands to me. What more can he have but the kingdom?” / And from that day forward Saul kept a jealous eye on David. <a href="/1_samuel/19-1.htm">1 Samuel 19:1</a> Then Saul ordered his son Jonathan and all his servants to kill David. But Jonathan delighted greatly in David, <a href="/1_samuel/22-8.htm">1 Samuel 22:8</a> Is that why all of you have conspired against me? Not one of you told me that my own son had made a covenant with the son of Jesse. Not one of you has shown concern for me or revealed to me that my son has stirred up my own servant to lie in wait against me, as is the case today.” <a href="/1_samuel/25-10.htm">1 Samuel 25:10</a> But Nabal asked them, “Who is David? Who is this son of Jesse? Many servants these days are breaking away from their masters. <a href="/2_samuel/16-5.htm">2 Samuel 16:5-8</a> As King David approached Bahurim, a man from the family of the house of Saul was just coming out. His name was Shimei son of Gera, and as he approached, he kept yelling out curses. / He threw stones at David and at all the servants of the king, though the troops and all the mighty men were on David’s right and left. / And as he yelled curses, Shimei said, “Get out, get out, you worthless man of bloodshed! ... <a href="/2_samuel/19-22.htm">2 Samuel 19:22</a> And David replied, “Sons of Zeruiah, what have I to do with you, that you should be my adversaries today? Should any man be put to death in Israel today? Am I not indeed aware that today I am king over Israel?” <a href="/2_kings/9-22.htm">2 Kings 9:22</a> When Joram saw Jehu, he asked, “Have you come in peace, Jehu?” “How can there be peace,” he replied, “as long as the idolatry and witchcraft of your mother Jezebel abound?” <a href="/proverbs/15-18.htm">Proverbs 15:18</a> A hot-tempered man stirs up strife, but he who is slow to anger calms dispute. <a href="/proverbs/19-19.htm">Proverbs 19:19</a> A man of great anger must pay the penalty; if you rescue him, you will have to do so again. <a href="/proverbs/22-24.htm">Proverbs 22:24-25</a> Do not make friends with an angry man, and do not associate with a hot-tempered man, / or you may learn his ways and entangle yourself in a snare. <a href="/proverbs/29-22.htm">Proverbs 29:22</a> An angry man stirs up dissension, and a hot-tempered man abounds in transgression. <a href="/matthew/5-22.htm">Matthew 5:22</a> But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to his brother, ‘Raca,’ will be subject to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be subject to the fire of hell. <a href="/matthew/10-21.htm">Matthew 10:21</a> Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; children will rise against their parents and have them put to death. <a href="/matthew/10-35.htm">Matthew 10:35-36</a> For I have come to turn ‘a man against his father, a daughter against her mother, a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. / A man’s enemies will be the members of his own household.’ <a href="/mark/13-12.htm">Mark 13:12</a> Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rise against their parents and have them put to death.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said to him, You son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own confusion, and to the confusion of your mother's nakedness?Saul's<a href="/job/5-2.htm">Job 5:2</a> For wrath killeth the foolish man, and envy slayeth the silly one.<a href="/proverbs/14-29.htm">Proverbs 14:29</a> He that is slow to wrath is of great understanding: but he that is hasty of spirit exalteth folly.<a href="/proverbs/19-12.htm">Proverbs 19:12,19</a> The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favour is as dew upon the grass… Thou, etc.<a href="/proverbs/15-2.htm">Proverbs 15:2</a> The tongue of the wise useth knowledge aright: but the mouth of fools poureth out foolishness.<a href="/proverbs/21-24.htm">Proverbs 21:24</a> Proud and haughty scorner is his name, who dealeth in proud wrath.<a href="/matthew/5-22.htm">Matthew 5:22</a> But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_samuel/17-28.htm">Anger</a> <a href="/1_samuel/15-22.htm">Burned</a> <a href="/2_peter/1-10.htm">Choosing</a> <a href="/1_samuel/16-10.htm">Chosen</a> <a href="/1_samuel/14-20.htm">Confusion</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-27.htm">Jesse</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-28.htm">Jonathan</a> <a href="/1_samuel/17-28.htm">Kindled</a> <a href="/ruth/1-8.htm">Mother's</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/28-48.htm">Nakedness</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-20.htm">Perverse</a> <a href="/1_samuel/15-23.htm">Rebellion</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/31-27.htm">Rebellious</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-25.htm">Saul's</a> <a href="/1_samuel/17-10.htm">Shame</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_samuel/20-34.htm">Anger</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-1.htm">Burned</a> <a href="/job/9-14.htm">Choosing</a> <a href="/1_samuel/24-2.htm">Chosen</a> <a href="/2_samuel/18-29.htm">Confusion</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-31.htm">Jesse</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-32.htm">Jonathan</a> <a href="/2_samuel/6-7.htm">Kindled</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-26.htm">Mother's</a> <a href="/ezra/4-14.htm">Nakedness</a> <a href="/2_samuel/22-27.htm">Perverse</a> <a href="/1_kings/12-19.htm">Rebellion</a> <a href="/ezra/4-12.htm">Rebellious</a> <a href="/1_samuel/21-7.htm">Saul's</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-34.htm">Shame</a><div class="vheading2">1 Samuel 20</div>1. <a href="/1_samuel/20-1.htm">David consults with Jonathan for his safety</a> 11. <a href="/1_samuel/20-11.htm">Jonathan and David renew their covenant by oath</a> 18. <a href="/1_samuel/20-18.htm">Jonathan's token to David</a> 23. <a href="/1_samuel/20-23.htm">Saul, missing David, seeks to kill Jonathan</a> 35. <a href="/1_samuel/20-35.htm">Jonathan affectionately takes his leave of David</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/20.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/1_samuel/20.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan Saul's anger reflects his growing instability and jealousy, particularly towards David, whom he perceives as a threat to his throne. This anger is not just a personal vendetta but also a sign of Saul's spiritual decline, as he moves further away from God's guidance. Jonathan, Saul's son, is caught in the middle, loyal to both his father and David, his friend. This tension highlights the familial and political strife within Saul's household.and he said to him, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Saul's insult towards Jonathan's mother is a reflection of his irrational state and his attempt to shame Jonathan. In ancient Israelite culture, family honor was paramount, and such an insult would have been deeply offensive. Saul's words reveal his desperation and loss of control, as he lashes out at those closest to him. This phrase also underscores the breakdown of Saul's family, both spiritually and relationally.Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse Saul's reference to David as "the son of Jesse" rather than by name indicates his disdain and refusal to acknowledge David's growing importance. Saul's paranoia is evident as he accuses Jonathan of betrayal. This accusation highlights the tension between Saul's house and David, who is anointed by God to be the next king. Jonathan's choice to support David over his father is a testament to his recognition of God's will and his own integrity.to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? Saul's focus on shame reflects the cultural importance of honor and family reputation in ancient Israel. By aligning with David, Jonathan risks his own status and that of his family. Saul's words are meant to manipulate Jonathan through guilt and familial duty. This phrase also foreshadows the eventual downfall of Saul's lineage, contrasting with the rise of David's house, which is established by God. Jonathan's loyalty to David, despite the potential for shame, is a precursor to the self-sacrificial love exemplified by Christ.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/s/saul.htm">Saul</a> The first king of Israel, anointed by the prophet Samuel. At this point in the account, Saul is increasingly paranoid and hostile towards David, whom he sees as a threat to his throne. 2. <a href="/topical/j/jonathan.htm">Jonathan</a> The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. Jonathan is caught between his loyalty to his father and his covenant friendship with David. 3. <a href="/topical/d/david.htm">David (referred to as 'the son of Jesse')</a> Anointed by Samuel to be the next king of Israel. He is in hiding due to Saul's attempts to kill him. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_event.htm">The Event</a> This verse occurs during a confrontation between Saul and Jonathan, where Saul's anger reveals his deep-seated jealousy and fear of losing his kingdom to David. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_setting.htm">The Setting</a> The royal court of Israel, during a time of political tension and personal conflict within Saul's family.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_destructive_nature_of_anger.htm">The Destructive Nature of Anger</a> Saul's anger leads to irrational accusations and insults. Anger, when unchecked, can damage relationships and lead to sin. <a href="/topical/l/loyalty_and_integrity.htm">Loyalty and Integrity</a> Jonathan's loyalty to David, despite his father's anger, demonstrates the importance of integrity and faithfulness to God's anointed. <a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_words.htm">The Power of Words</a> Saul's harsh words to Jonathan show how words can wound deeply. Believers are called to speak with grace and truth. <a href="/topical/f/family_dynamics_and_faith.htm">Family Dynamics and Faith</a> Jonathan's situation illustrates the challenge of navigating family loyalty and faith commitments. Believers may face similar tensions and must seek God's wisdom. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_conflict.htm">God's Sovereignty in Conflict</a> Despite Saul's attempts to thwart God's plan, David's eventual rise to kingship shows God's sovereignty and faithfulness to His promises.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_samuel_20.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 20</a> <a href="/q/why_is_saul's_rage_at_jonathan_so_extreme.htm">Why does Saul’s sudden rage toward Jonathan in 1 Samuel 20:30–33 seem disproportionate and historically uncontextualized? </a> <a href="/q/why_do_amalekites_reappear_in_1_sam_30.htm">If Saul reportedly destroyed the Amalekites earlier (1 Samuel 15), why do they reappear here in 1 Samuel 30?</a> <a href="/q/how_do_critics_explain_david's_lament.htm">2 Samuel 1:26: How do critics reconcile David’s intense lament for Jonathan with cultural norms of warfare and rivalry at the time?</a> <a href="/q/why_the_conflict_on_who_attacked_philistines.htm">Why does 1 Samuel 13:3-4 give conflicting impressions of who actually attacked the Philistine garrison, Jonathan or Saul?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_samuel/20.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(30) Saul's anger was kindled.--As David expected, his absence kindled into a flame the anger of Saul. Probably he had determined at that very feast, surrounded by his own devoted friends and members of his family, to carry out his evil designs against David's life.Murder was, probably enough, one of the incidents arranged for at that banquet, but the absence of the intended victim marred the plot; besides which, the king, too, with the cunning which the partially insane so often display, saw through the veil of the specious excuse that David too clearly suspected his wicked design, and purposely stayed away; nay, more, that his own son Jonathan, the heir of his kingdom, suspected him, and openly sympathised with his friend David, for whose pointed absence he thus publicly apologised.Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman.--These words, spoken in public, in any sense were a bitter insult to the prince. Another and better rendering has, however, been suggested. The word na?vath, rendered perverse, instead of being a feminine adjective, is probably an abstract noun. The translation would then run, "Thou son of perversity of rebellion," a common Hebraism for "a man of perverse and refractory nature;" so Clericus, Lange, and Payne Smith. This avoids the extreme improbability that Saul insulted his own wife, Jonathan's mother, which, as has been observed, contradicts the Hebrew family spirit.The confusion of thy mother's nakedness.--This is far from insulting Jonathan's mother; it is simply an Oriental mode of saying, "she will feel ashamed at having brought such a son into the world."<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_samuel/20.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 30, 31. - Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman. Literally, "thou son of one perverse in rebellion." In the East it is the greatest possible insult to a man to call his mother names; but the word rendered perverse, instead of being a feminine adjective, is probably an abstract noun, and "son of perversity of rebellion" would mean one who was thoroughly perverse in his resistance to his father's will. Unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness. I.e. thy mother will feel ashamed and disgraced at having borne such a son. He shall surely die. Hebrew, "he is a son of death," son, being constantly used in Hebrew to express qualities, or, as here, the fate to which a man is destined. <a href="/commentaries/1_samuel/20-30.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Then Saul's שָׁאוּל֙ (šā·’ūl) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7586.htm">Strong's 7586: </a> Saul -- first king of Israel, also an Edomite and two Israelites anger אַ֤ף (’ap̄) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_639.htm">Strong's 639: </a> The nose, nostril, the face, a person, ire burned וַיִּֽחַר־ (way·yi·ḥar-) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2734.htm">Strong's 2734: </a> To glow, grow warm, to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy against Jonathan, בִּיה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן (bî·hō·w·nā·ṯān) Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3083.htm">Strong's 3083: </a> Jonathan -- 'the LORD has given', the name of a number of Israelites and he said וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say to him, ל֔וֹ (lōw) Preposition | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/.htm">Strong's Hebrew</a> “You son בֶּֽן־ (ben-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> A son of a perverse נַעֲוַ֖ת (na·‘ă·waṯ) Verb - Nifal - Participle - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5753.htm">Strong's 5753: </a> To bend, twist and rebellious woman! הַמַּרְדּ֑וּת (ham·mar·dūṯ) Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4780.htm">Strong's 4780: </a> Rebellion, rebelliousness Do I not הֲל֣וֹא (hă·lō·w) Adverb - Negative particle <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> Not, no know יָדַ֗עְתִּי (yā·ḏa‘·tî) Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3045.htm">Strong's 3045: </a> To know that כִּֽי־ (kî-) Conjunction <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> A relative conjunction you אַתָּה֙ (’at·tāh) Pronoun - second person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_859.htm">Strong's 859: </a> Thou and thee, ye and you have chosen בֹחֵ֤ר (ḇō·ḥêr) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_977.htm">Strong's 977: </a> To try, select the son לְבֶן־ (lə·ḇen-) Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> A son of Jesse יִשַׁ֔י (yi·šay) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3448.htm">Strong's 3448: </a> Jesse -- father of David to your own shame לְבָ֨שְׁתְּךָ֔ (lə·ḇā·šə·tə·ḵā) Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1322.htm">Strong's 1322: </a> Shame, shameful thing and to the disgrace וּלְבֹ֖שֶׁת (ū·lə·ḇō·šeṯ) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1322.htm">Strong's 1322: </a> Shame, shameful thing of the mother אִמֶּֽךָ׃ (’im·me·ḵā) Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_517.htm">Strong's 517: </a> A mother, ) who bore you? עֶרְוַ֥ת (‘er·waṯ) Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6172.htm">Strong's 6172: </a> Nakedness <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/1_samuel/20-30.htm">1 Samuel 20:30 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-30.htm">OT History: 1 Samuel 20:30 Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_samuel/20-29.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Samuel 20:29"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 20:29" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_samuel/20-31.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Samuel 20:31"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 20:31" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>