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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penganan_remah" title="Penganan remah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penganan remah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%9C" title="קרמבל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרמבל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repui" title="Repui – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Repui" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruimeltaart" title="Kruimeltaart – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kruimeltaart" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB" title="クランブル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クランブル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumble" title="Crumble – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Crumble" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB" title="Крамбл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крамбл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paj#Smulpaj" title="Paj – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Paj" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A8%E1%8E%B5%E1%8F%8D%E1%8E%A9" title="ᎨᎵᏍᎩ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎨᎵᏍᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB" title="Крамбл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крамбл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%AF%B6" title="金寶 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="金寶" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2006073#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Crumble" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Crumble" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page 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link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crumble&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Crumble&id=1272758070&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCrumble"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCrumble"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2006073" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dish of British origin</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Crumble_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Crumble (disambiguation)">Crumble (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Crumble</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Vegan_apple_crumble_(8293111737).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vegan_apple_crumble_%288293111737%29.jpg/250px-Vegan_apple_crumble_%288293111737%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vegan_apple_crumble_%288293111737%29.jpg/330px-Vegan_apple_crumble_%288293111737%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vegan_apple_crumble_%288293111737%29.jpg/500px-Vegan_apple_crumble_%288293111737%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="350" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-bottom:0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Apple crumble</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Course</th><td class="infobox-data">Dessert</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name">England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient">Stewed <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Butter" title="Butter">butter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">flour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a><br />Savoury: <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vegetables" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetables">vegetables</a>, sauce, <a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">cheese</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crumble_(British_dish)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Crumble (British dish)">Media: Crumble</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>crumble</b> (British English) or <b>crisp</b> (American English) is typically a <a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">dessert</a> with a crumbly topping consisting of flour, butter, sugar, and sometimes oats, baked over a fruit filling. Apple and <a href="/wiki/Rhubarb" title="Rhubarb">rhubarb</a> are two popular varieties. Savoury fillings such as meat, cheese or vegetables may alternatively be used. As a dessert, crumbles are traditionally served with <a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">custard</a>, cream, or ice cream.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An apple crumble recipe involving a simple <a href="/wiki/Streusel" title="Streusel">streusel</a> topping appeared in the Canadian <i>Farmer's Magazine</i> in February 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-recipe-1917_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recipe-1917-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> British chef and food writer <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fearnley-Whittingstall" title="Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall">Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall</a> describes crumbles as a "national institution" that became popular in Britain since World War II, the topping being easier to prepare than pastry.<sup id="cite_ref-Hugh-Guardian-2008_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hugh-Guardian-2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crumbles in varying forms are common in Britain, Ireland, and across the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>. While the dish is also found in the US, the most common variant is known as an "<a href="/wiki/Apple_crisp" title="Apple crisp">apple crisp</a>" in American English.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Grunes-1991_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grunes-1991-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crumble&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/40px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/60px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/120px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cobbler_(food)" title="Cobbler (food)">Cobbler (food)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisp_(dessert)" title="Crisp (dessert)">Crisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Betty_(dessert)" title="Brown Betty (dessert)">Brown Betty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smulpaj" title="Smulpaj">Smulpaj</a>, a similar Swedish dessert</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streusel" title="Streusel">Streusel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crumble&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://recipefairy.com/mary-berry-apple-crumble/">"The Food Timeline: History Notes-Puddings. Mary Berry Apple Crumble"</a>. 21 January 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240121231520/https://recipefairy.com/mary-berry-apple-crumble/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Food+Timeline%3A+History+Notes-Puddings.+Mary+Berry+Apple+Crumble&rft.date=2024-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frecipefairy.com%2Fmary-berry-apple-crumble%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrumble" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-recipe-1917-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-recipe-1917_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/farmersmagazine1917toro/page/122/mode/2up">"The Month's Recipes – Apple Crumble"</a>. <i>Farmer's Magazine</i>. Vol. X, no. 4. Toronto: MacLean Publishing Co. Ltd. February 1917. p. 53<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2023</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Farmer%27s+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Month%27s+Recipes+%E2%80%93+Apple+Crumble&rft.volume=X&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=53&rft.date=1917-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffarmersmagazine1917toro%2Fpage%2F122%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrumble" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hugh-Guardian-2008-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hugh-Guardian-2008_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFearnley-Whittingstall2008" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fearnley-Whittingstall" title="Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall">Fearnley-Whittingstall, Hugh</a> (18 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/18/crumble-cobbler-recipes">"Simply the best"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001004527/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/18/crumble-cobbler-recipes">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Simply+the+best&rft.date=2008-10-18&rft.aulast=Fearnley-Whittingstall&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2008%2Foct%2F18%2Fcrumble-cobbler-recipes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrumble" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ezinearticles.com Jason McDonald, December 29, 2008; CanadianLiving, July 6, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grunes-1991-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grunes-1991_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrunes1991" class="citation book cs1">Grunes, Barbara J. (1991). <i>Puddings and Pies: traditional desserts for a new generation</i>. Camden: Yankee Books. pp. <span class="nowrap">136–</span>137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89909-329-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-89909-329-9"><bdi>0-89909-329-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1259668500">1259668500</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Puddings+and+Pies%3A+traditional+desserts+for+a+new+generation&rft.place=Camden&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E136-%3C%2Fspan%3E137&rft.pub=Yankee+Books&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1259668500&rft.isbn=0-89909-329-9&rft.aulast=Grunes&rft.aufirst=Barbara+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrumble" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crumble&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/20px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/crumble" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/crumble"><i>crumble</i></a> at Wiktionary</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crumble_(British_dish)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Crumble (British dish)">Crumble (British dish)</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allrecipes.co.uk/recipes/tag-1167/crumble-recipes.aspx">Crumble recipes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180216160126/http://www.cookthink.com/reference/1575/What_is_a_crumble">What is a crumble</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_cuisine" title="Template:English cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_cuisine" title="Template talk:English cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English_cuisine188" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/English_cuisine" title="English cuisine">English cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romano-British_culture" title="Romano-British culture">Roman times</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dishes6" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">Sausages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_cuisine" title="Medieval cuisine">Middle Ages</a><br />to 15th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Utilis_Coquinario" title="Utilis Coquinario">Utilis Coquinario</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1300</span>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Forme_of_Cury" title="The Forme of Cury">The Forme of Cury</a></i> (c. 1390)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_pie" title="Apple pie">Apple pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banbury_cake" title="Banbury cake">Banbury cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheesecake" title="Cheesecake">Cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custard" title="Custard">Custard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_pie" title="Game pie">Game pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">Gingerbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipper" title="Kipper">Kippers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mince_pie" title="Mince pie">Mince pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortis_(food)" title="Mortis (food)">Mortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasty" title="Pasty">Pasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pease_pudding" title="Pease pudding">Pease pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie" title="Pie">Pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottage" title="Pottage">Pottage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pynson" title="Richard Pynson">Richard Pynson</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Boke_of_Cokery" title="The Boke of Cokery">The Boke of Cokery</a></i>, 1500)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dawson_(cook)" title="Thomas Dawson (cook)">Thomas Dawson</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Huswifes_Jewell" title="The Good Huswifes Jewell">The Good Huswifes Jewell</a></i>, 1585)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_pudding" title="Black pudding">Black pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_fool" title="Fruit fool">Fruit fool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancake" title="Pancake">Pancake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scone" title="Scone">Scones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllabub" title="Syllabub">Syllabub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trifle" title="Trifle">Trifle (without jelly)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">17th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elinor_Fettiplace" title="Elinor Fettiplace">Elinor Fettiplace</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elinor_Fettiplace%27s_Receipt_Book" title="Elinor Fettiplace's Receipt Book"><i>Receipt Book</i></a>, 1604)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gervase_Markham" title="Gervase Markham">Gervase Markham</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Huswife" title="The English Huswife">The English Huswife</a></i>, 1615)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_May_(cook)" title="Robert May (cook)">Robert May</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Accomplisht_Cook" title="The Accomplisht Cook">The Accomplisht Cook</a></i>, 1660)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Woolley" title="Hannah Woolley">Hannah Woolley</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen-Like_Closet" title="The Queen-Like Closet">The Queen-like Closet or Rich Cabinet</a></i> 1670)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Evelyn" title="John Evelyn">John Evelyn</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Acetaria:_A_Discourse_of_Sallets" title="Acetaria: A Discourse of Sallets">Acetaria: A Discourse of Sallets</a></i> 1699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenelm_Digby" title="Kenelm Digby">Kenelm Digby</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Closet_Opened" title="The Closet Opened">The Closet Opened</a></i> 1699)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battalia_pie" title="Battalia pie">Battalia pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currant_bun" title="Currant bun">Currant bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Puddings" title="Queen of Puddings">Queen of Puddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponge_cake" title="Sponge cake">Sponge cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sussex_pond_pudding" title="Sussex pond pudding">Sussex pond pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_and_sour" title="Sweet and sour">Sweet and sour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">Tea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Mary Kettilby (<i><a href="/wiki/A_Collection_of_Above_Three_Hundred_Receipts_in_Cookery,_Physick_and_Surgery" title="A Collection of Above Three Hundred Receipts in Cookery, Physick and Surgery">A Collection of Above Three Hundred Receipts in Cookery, Physick and Surgery</a></i> 1714)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Eales" title="Mary Eales">Mary Eales</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Mary_Eales%27s_Receipts" title="Mrs Mary Eales's Receipts">Mrs Mary Eales's Receipts</a></i> 1718)</li> <li>John Nott (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Cooks_and_Confectioners_Dictionary" title="The Cooks and Confectioners Dictionary">The Cooks and Confectioners Dictionary</a></i>, 1723)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Smith_(writer)" title="Eliza Smith (writer)">Eliza Smith</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Compleat_Housewife" title="The Compleat Housewife">The Compleat Housewife</a></i> 1727)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Glasse" title="Hannah Glasse">Hannah Glasse</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Cookery_Made_Plain_and_Easy" title="The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy">The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy</a></i> 1747)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Cook_(cookery_book_writer)" title="Ann Cook (cookery book writer)">Ann Cook</a> (<i>Professed Cookery</i>, 1754)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Bradley" title="Martha Bradley">Martha Bradley</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Martha_Bradley#The_British_Housewife_(1758)" title="Martha Bradley">The British Housewife</a></i> 1758)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primitive_Cookery" title="Primitive Cookery">Primitive Cookery</a></i> (1767)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Raffald" title="Elizabeth Raffald">Elizabeth Raffald</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Experienced_English_Housekeeper" title="The Experienced English Housekeeper">The Experienced English Housekeeper</a></i> 1769)</li> <li>Richard Briggs (<i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Art_of_Cookery" title="The English Art of Cookery">The English Art of Cookery</a></i> 1788)</li> <li>William Augustus Henderson (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Housekeeper%27s_Instructor" title="The Housekeeper's Instructor">The Housekeeper's Instructor</a></i> 1791)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bread_and_butter_pudding" title="Bread and butter pudding">Bread and butter pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_pudding" title="Christmas pudding">Christmas pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chutney" title="Chutney">Chutney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curry" title="Curry">Curry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Curry in the United Kingdom">In UK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd%27s_pie" title="Shepherd's pie">Cottage or Shepherd's pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_rum_nicky" title="Cumberland rum nicky">Cumberland rum nicky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eccles_cake" title="Eccles cake">Eccles cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellied_eels" title="Jellied eels">Jellied eels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugging" title="Jugging">Jugged hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketchup" title="Ketchup">Ketchup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marmalade" title="Marmalade">Marmalade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkin_(cake)" title="Parkin (cake)">Parkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccalilli" title="Piccalilli">Piccalilli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pork_pie" title="Pork pie">Pork pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_beef" title="Roast beef">Roast beef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwich" title="Sandwich">Sandwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouse_(food)" title="Scouse (food)">Scouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suet_pudding" title="Suet pudding">Suet pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toad_in_the_hole" title="Toad in the hole">Toad in the hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trifle" title="Trifle">Trifle (with jelly)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_rarebit" title="Welsh rarebit">Welsh rarebit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_pudding" title="Yorkshire pudding">Yorkshire pudding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Rundell" title="Maria Rundell">Maria Rundell</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/A_New_System_of_Domestic_Cookery" title="A New System of Domestic Cookery">A New System of Domestic Cookery</a></i> 1806)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Acton" title="Eliza Acton">Eliza Acton</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Cookery_for_Private_Families" title="Modern Cookery for Private Families">Modern Cookery for Private Families</a></i> 1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Elm%C3%A9_Francatelli" title="Charles Elmé Francatelli">Charles Elmé Francatelli</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Cook" title="The Modern Cook">The Modern Cook</a></i> 1846)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Beeton" title="Isabella Beeton">Isabella Beeton</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Beeton%27s_Book_of_Household_Management" title="Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management">Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management</a></i> 1861)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bubble_and_squeak" title="Bubble and squeak">Bubble and squeak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauliflower_cheese" title="Cauliflower cheese">Cauliflower cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobbler_(food)" title="Cobbler (food)">Cobbler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devilled_kidneys" title="Devilled kidneys">Devilled kidneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faggot_(food)" title="Faggot (food)">Faggots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_chips" title="Fish and chips">Fish and chips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_breakfast" title="Full breakfast">Full English breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Sauce" title="HP Sauce">HP Sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cream_cone" title="Ice cream cone">Ice cream cone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_hotpot" title="Lancashire hotpot">Lancashire hotpot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potted_shrimps" title="Potted shrimps">Potted shrimps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausage_roll" title="Sausage roll">Sausage roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak_and_kidney_pudding" title="Steak and kidney pudding">Steak and kidney pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battenberg_cake" title="Battenberg cake">Battenberg cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_mess" title="Eton mess">Eton mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve%27s_pudding" title="Eve's pudding">Eve's pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_roly-poly" title="Jam roly-poly">Jam roly-poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lardy_cake" title="Lardy cake">Lardy cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira_cake" title="Madeira cake">Madeira cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_pudding" title="Summer pudding">Summer pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_soup" title="Windsor soup">Windsor soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcestershire_sauce" title="Worcestershire sauce">Worcestershire sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Petty" title="Florence Petty">Florence Petty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_David" title="Elizabeth David">Elizabeth David</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/A_Book_of_Mediterranean_Food" title="A Book of Mediterranean Food">A Book of Mediterranean Food</a></i> 1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hartley" title="Dorothy Hartley">Dorothy Hartley</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Food_in_England" title="Food in England">Food in England</a></i> 1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Spry" title="Constance Spry">Constance Spry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Cradock" title="Fanny Cradock">Fanny Cradock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Patten" title="Marguerite Patten">Marguerite Patten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Grigson" title="Jane Grigson">Jane Grigson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delia_Smith" title="Delia Smith">Delia Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Stein" title="Rick Stein">Rick Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Slater" title="Nigel Slater">Nigel Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Floyd" title="Keith Floyd">Keith Floyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Pierre_White" title="Marco Pierre White">Marco Pierre White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigella_Lawson" title="Nigella Lawson">Nigella Lawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Oliver" title="Jamie Oliver">Jamie Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fergus_Henderson" title="Fergus Henderson">Fergus Henderson</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Whole_Beast" title="The Whole Beast">The Whole Beast</a></i> 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Ramsay" title="Gordon Ramsay">Gordon Ramsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Rhodes" title="Gary Rhodes">Gary Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Berry" title="Mary Berry">Mary Berry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakewell_tart" title="Bakewell tart">Bakewell tart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beef_Wellington" title="Beef Wellington">Beef Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrot_cake" title="Carrot cake">Carrot cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_tikka_masala" title="Chicken tikka masala">Chicken tikka masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_chicken" title="Coronation chicken">Coronation chicken</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crumble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knickerbocker_glory" title="Knickerbocker glory">Knickerbocker glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploughman%27s_lunch" title="Ploughman's lunch">Ploughman's lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad_cream" title="Salad cream">Salad cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sticky_toffee_pudding" title="Sticky toffee pudding">Sticky toffee pudding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Exemplars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heston_Blumenthal" title="Heston Blumenthal">Heston Blumenthal</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Fat_Duck" title="The Fat Duck">The Fat Duck</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Collingham" title="Lizzie Collingham">Lizzie Collingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Fearnley-Whittingstall" title="Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall">Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall</a> (<a href="/wiki/River_Cottage" title="River Cottage">River Cottage</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Khoo" title="Rachel Khoo">Rachel Khoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Albert_Roux" title="Michel Albert Roux">Michel Roux Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Le_Gavroche" title="Le Gavroche">Le Gavroche</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Worrall_Thompson" title="Antony Worrall Thompson">Antony Worrall Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarissa_Dickson_Wright" title="Clarissa Dickson Wright">Clarissa Dickson Wright</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_English_Food" title="A History of English Food">A History of English Food</a></i> 2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Dishes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_quiche" title="Coronation quiche">Coronation quiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platinum_Pudding" title="Platinum Pudding">Platinum Pudding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_dishes" title="List of English dishes">List of English dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_cheeses" title="List of English cheeses">List of English cheeses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_savoury_puddings" title="List of savoury puddings">List of savoury puddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sweet_puddings" title="List of sweet puddings">List of sweet puddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rationing in the United Kingdom">Rationing in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1271159938">.mw-parser-output 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