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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vroeë_lewe_en_die_Tweede_Wêreldoorlog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vroeë_lewe_en_die_Tweede_Wêreldoorlog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vroeë lewe en die Tweede Wêreldoorlog</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vroeë_lewe_en_die_Tweede_Wêreldoorlog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politikus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politikus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Politikus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politikus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanselier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanselier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kanselier</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kanselier-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Kanselier subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kanselier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Buitelandse_beleid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buitelandse_beleid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Buitelandse beleid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buitelandse_beleid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Binnelandse_beleid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Binnelandse_beleid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Binnelandse beleid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Binnelandse_beleid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Brandt_se_gewildheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brandt_se_gewildheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Brandt se gewildheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brandt_se_gewildheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgawe" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Willy Brandt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 97 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%AA" title="ويلي براندت – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويلي براندت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%AA" title="فيلى براندت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيلى براندت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villi_Brandt" title="Villi Brandt – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Villi Brandt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ویلی برانت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویلی برانت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Вілі Брант – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вілі Брант" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Вілі Брант – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вілі Брант" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Вили Бранд – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вили Бранд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E2%80%8C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F" title="উইলি ব্র‌্যান্ট – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইলি ব্র‌্যান্ট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Nedersorbies" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%85_%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Βίλλυ Μπραντ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βίλλυ Μπραντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ویلی برانت – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلی برانت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%98" title="וילי ברנדט – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וילי ברנדט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="विली ब्रांट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विली ब्रांट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Oppersorbies" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D4%B2%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%BF" title="Վիլի Բրանդտ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիլի Բրանդտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="ヴィリー・ブラント – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴィリー・ブラント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ვილი ბრანდტი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვილი ბრანდტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%80%ED%8A%B8" title="빌리 브란트 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="빌리 브란트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Keuls" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Keuls" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Brandt" title="Gulielmus Brandt – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Brandt" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villijs_Brants" title="Villijs Brants – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Villijs Brants" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Вили Брант – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вили Брант" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="विली ब्रांट – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विली ब्रांट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ویلی برانت – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویلی برانت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ولی برانت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ولی برانت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%82,_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Брандт, Вилли – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Брандт, Вилли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A" title="විලී බ්‍රන්ට් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විලී බ්‍රන්ට්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Вили Брант – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вили Брант" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Уилли Брандт – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Уилли Брандт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C" title="วิลลี บรันท์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิลลี บรันท์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Віллі Брандт – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Віллі Брандт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ولی برانت – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ولی برانت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Oesbekies" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oesbekies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%8B%83%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="维利·勃兰特 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="维利·勃兰特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ვილი ბრანდტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვილი ბრანდტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt – Joroeba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Willy Brandt" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Joroeba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%8B%83%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9" title="维利·勃兰特 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="维利·勃兰特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%88%A9%E5%B8%83%E8%98%AD%E7%89%B9" title="威利布蘭特 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="威利布蘭特" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2514#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Willy_Brandt" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Willy_Brandt" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Willy_Brandt" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&oldid=2475307" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Willy_Brandt&id=2475307&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWilly_Brandt"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWilly_Brandt"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Willy+Brandt"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Willy_Brandt&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Willy_Brandt" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2514" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:23em; font-size:85%; text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:140%;"><b>Willy Brandt</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009,_Willy_Brandt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Willy Brandt"><img alt="Willy Brandt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F057884-0009%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="776" /></a></span><br />Willy Brandt in 1980 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender; font-weight:bold">Bondskanselier van Duitsland</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/22_Oktober" title="22 Oktober">22 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> – <a href="/wiki/7_Mei" title="7 Mei">7 Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Vise </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scheel" title="Walter Scheel">Walter Scheel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>President </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinemann" title="Gustav Heinemann">Gustav Heinemann</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Leier van die Sosiaaldemokratiese Party</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/16_Februarie" title="16 Februarie">16 Februarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> – <a href="/wiki/14_Junie" title="14 Junie">14 Junie</a> <a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>Erich Ollenhauer </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td>Hans-Jochen Vogel </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Adjunkpremier van Duitsland</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/1_Desember" title="1 Desember">1 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a> – <a href="/wiki/20_Oktober" title="20 Oktober">20 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eerste minister </th> <td>Kurt Georg Kiesinger </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>Hans-Christoph Seebohm </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td>Walter Scheel </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Minister van Buitelandse Sake</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/1_Desember" title="1 Desember">1 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a> – <a href="/wiki/20_Oktober" title="20 Oktober">20 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eerste minister </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>Gerhard Schröder </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td>Walter Scheel </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Burgemeester van Wes-Berlyn</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/3_Oktober" title="3 Oktober">3 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> – <a href="/wiki/1_Desember" title="1 Desember">1 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>Otto Suhr </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td>Heinrich Albertz </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">President van die Bundesrat</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/1_November" title="1 November">1 November</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> – <a href="/wiki/31_Oktober" title="31 Oktober">31 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>Kurt Sieveking </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td>Wilhelm Kaisen </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">President van die Berlynse Huis van Verteenwoordigers</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/11_Januarie" title="11 Januarie">11 Januarie</a> <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a> – <a href="/wiki/2_Oktober" title="2 Oktober">2 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>Otto Suhr </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td>Kurt Landsberg </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color: #000000; font-size: 110%; text-align: center;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Persoonlike besonderhede</div> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Gebore </th> <td>Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1913-12-18</span>)</span>18 Desember 1913 <br /><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duitse_Keiserryk" title="Duitse Keiserryk">Duitse Keiserryk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sterf </th> <td>8 Oktober 1992 (op 78)<br />Unkel, <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Politieke party </th> <td>Sosiaaldemokratiese Party (1930–1931, 1948–1992)<br />Sosialistiese Werkersparty van Duitsland (1931–1946) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eggenoot/-note </th> <td>Carlotta Thorkildsen (1941–1948)<br />Rut Hansen (1948–1980)<br />Brigitte Seebacher (1983–1992) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kind(ers) </th> <td>4, insluitende Matthias </td></tr> <tr> <th>Alma mater </th> <td>Universiteit van Hamburg </td></tr> <tr> <th>Religie </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Lutheranisme" title="Lutheranisme">Lutheranisme</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Handtekening </th> <td><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Willy_Brandt_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Willy_Brandt_signature.svg/128px-Willy_Brandt_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Willy_Brandt_signature.svg/192px-Willy_Brandt_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Willy_Brandt_signature.svg/256px-Willy_Brandt_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="56" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Willy Brandt</b> (<a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duits</a>: [ˈvɪliː ˈbʁant]; gebore as <b>Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm</b>; <a href="/wiki/18_Desember" title="18 Desember">18 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a> – <a href="/wiki/8_Oktober" title="8 Oktober">8 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>) was 'n <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitse</a> staatsman van Europese en wêreldformaat. As regeringsleier van 'n sosiaal-liberale koalisieregering, wat deur die Sosiaal-Demokratiese (SPD) en Vrye Demokratiese Party (FDP) gevorm is, het Brandt tussen 1969 en 1974 as vierde bondskanselier van die destydse Federale Republiek van Duitsland (Wes-Duitsland) gedien. Hy was die eerste sosiaal-demokratiese politikus sedert 1930 wat die pos van Duitse regeringsleier beklee het. </p><p>Voor sy verkiesing tot kanselier in 1969 het hy vanaf 1966 in die eerste Groot Koalisieregering tussen Sosiaal- en Christen-Demokrate, wat onder kanselier Kurt Georg Kiesinger (CDU) gevorm is, die ampte van Minister van Buitelandse Sake en Vise-kanselier beklee. Sy politieke loopbaan op federale regeringsvlak is voorafgegaan deur die amp van Regerende Burgemeester van Wes-Berlyn (vanaf 1957) in een van die moeilikste periodes van die stad se geskiedenis. Die <a href="/wiki/Berlynse_Muur" title="Berlynse Muur">Berlynse Muur</a> is tydens sy ampstermyn opgerig. Op internasionale vlak het hy vir twee ampstermyne, tussen 1964 en 1967, en nog eens tussen 1976 en 1992, die amp van president van die <a href="/wiki/Sosialistiese_Internasionaal" title="Sosialistiese Internasionaal">Sosialistiese Internasionaal</a> beklee. </p><p>Willy Brandt se historiese betekenis vir die na-oorlogse Duitse politiek en geskiedenis staan gelyk aan dié van <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> en <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>. Terwyl Adenauer Duitse versoening met Wes-Europese lande bewerkstellig en die land vas veranker het in die ekonomiese en politieke integrasie van Wes-Europa en die trans-atlantiese militêre alliansie met die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State_van_Amerika" title="Verenigde State van Amerika">Verenigde State</a>, het Brandt as politieke visioenêr brûe geslaan tussen Duitsland en Oos-Europa. Die ooreenkomste wat hy met Pole en die Sowjetunie gesluit het, het van Wes-Duitsland vir die eerste keer sedert 1949 'n erkende onderhandelaar vir beide die Weste en Ooste gemaak en die deur geopen vir die toetrede van beide Duitse state, die Federale Republiek van Duitsland en die <a href="/wiki/Duitse_Demokratiese_Republiek" title="Duitse Demokratiese Republiek">Duitse Demokratiese Republiek</a> (DDR), tot die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Nasies" title="Verenigde Nasies">Verenigde Nasies</a> in September 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brandt se nuwe optrede teenoor Oosbloklande, insluitende die DDR, was 'n radikale ommeswaai in die <a href="/wiki/Buitelandse_beleid" title="Buitelandse beleid">buitelandse beleid</a> van Wes-Duitsland. Onder sy voorgangers het die land aanspraak daarop gemaak dat dit die enigste verteenwoordiger van Duitsland sou wees. Hierdie beleid, wat in die sogenaamde Hallstein-doktrine geformuleer is, is vanaf 1955 toegepas en was daarop gemik om die Duitse Demokratiese Republiek internasionaal te isoleer. Die aanknoop van diplomatieke betrekkinge met die DDR is as "onvriendelike optrede" teenoor die Federale Republiek beskou en het ekonomiese sanksies of die verbreking van diplomatieke betrekkinge tot gevolg gehad. So het die meeste Westerse lande eers vanaf 1973 amptelike diplomatieke betrekkinge met <a href="/wiki/Oos-Berlyn" title="Oos-Berlyn">Oos-Berlyn</a> begin aanknoop. </p><p>Vir sy beleid van versigtige toenadering en versoening teenoor Oos-Europese lande (die destydse Oosblok), waarna as <i>Neue Ostpolitik</i> verwys is, het hy in 1971 die <a href="/wiki/Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede">Nobelprys vir Vrede</a> ontvang. 'n Tweede belangrike steunpilaar van sy buitelandse beleid was die voortgesette politieke en ekonomiese integrasie van die destydse Wes-Duitsland in die <a href="/wiki/Europese_Ekonomiese_Gemeenskap" class="mw-redirect" title="Europese Ekonomiese Gemeenskap">Europese Ekonomiese Gemeenskap</a> (EEG) en die <a href="/wiki/NAVO" title="NAVO">Noord-Atlantiese Verdragsorganisasie</a> (NAVO), soos begin deur sy voorgangers. </p><p>Hy vlug na <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a> en dan <a href="/wiki/Swede" title="Swede">Swede</a> gedurende die Nazi-regime en werk as 'n linkervleueljoernalis. Hy het ook die naam Willy Brandt as skuilnaam gebruik om opsporing deur die Nazi-agente te vermy. Hy het die naam formeel aangeneem in 1948. </p><p>Brandt is oorspronklik beskou as een van die leiers van die regtervleuel van die SPD. Brandt was omstrede op beide die regtervleuel, vir sy <i>Ostpolitik</i>, en op die linkervleuel, vir sy ondersteuning van die Amerikaanse beleid, insluitend die <a href="/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtnamoorlog" title="Viëtnamoorlog">Viëtnamoorlog</a>, en regse outoritêre regimes. Die Brandt-verslag het 'n erkende maatstaf vir die beskrywing van die algemene Noord-Suid-verdeling in die wêreldekonomie en die politiek tussen 'n welvarende Noorde en 'n arm Suide geword. Brandt was ook bekend vir sy streng anti-kommunistiese beleid op plaaslike vlak wat sy hoogtepunt in 1972 in die sogenaamde <i>Radikalenerlass</i> gevind het – 'n verordening waarvolgens lede en aanhangers van ekstremistiese partye van alle poste in die staatsdiens uitgesluit is. </p><p>Brandt bedank as kanselier op 6 Mei 1974, nadat <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Guillaume" title="Günter Guillaume">Günter Guillaume</a>, een van sy naaste medewerkers, ontbloot is as 'n agent van die <i><a href="/wiki/Stasi" title="Stasi">Staatssicherheit</a></i>, die <a href="/wiki/Duitse_Demokratiese_Republiek" title="Duitse Demokratiese Republiek">Oos-Duitse</a> geheime diens. Hy behou sy amp as SPD-partyvoorsitter.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vroeë_lewe_en_die_Tweede_Wêreldoorlog"><span id="Vroe.C3.AB_lewe_en_die_Tweede_W.C3.AAreldoorlog"></span>Vroeë lewe en die Tweede Wêreldoorlog</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Vroeë lewe en die Tweede Wêreldoorlog" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Vroeë lewe en die Tweede Wêreldoorlog"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Willy Brandt is op 18 Desember 1913 as Herbert Ernst Carl Frahm in 'n werkersklasgesin in <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> (<a href="/wiki/Duitse_Keiserryk" title="Duitse Keiserryk">Duitse Keiserryk</a>) gebore.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sy moeder was Martha Frahm (16 Maart 1894 – 3 Augustus 1969), 'n enkelouer wat as 'n winkelkassier werksaam was. Sy pa was 'n rekenmeester van <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> met die naam Heinrich Johannes Möller (1887–1958)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wie Brandt nooit ontmoet het nie. Terwyl sy ma ses dae per week gewerk het, is hy hoofsaaklik opgevoed deur sy ma se stiefpa, Ludwig Frahm (1875–1935), en dié se tweede vrou, Dora. </p><p>Nadat hy in 1932 sy <i>Abitur </i>(matriekeksamen) by die <i>Johanneum zu Lübeck</i> afgelê het, het hy 'n leerling geword aan die skeepsmakelaar en skeepsagent F. H. Bertling. Hy sluit aan by die "Sosialistiese Jeug" in 1929 en die Sosiaal-Demokratiese Party (SPD) in 1930. Hy het die SPD verlaat om aan te sluit by die meer linkervleuel Sosialistiese Werkers Party (SAP), wat verbonde is aan die POUM in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> en die Onafhanklike Arbeidersparty in <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Verenigde Koninkryk">Brittanje</a>. In 1933, met behulp van sy bande met die hawe en sy skepe, het hy Duitsland verlaat vir <a href="/wiki/Noorwe%C3%AB" title="Noorweë">Noorweë</a> om te ontsnap van die Nazi-vervolging. Dit was in hierdie tyd dat hy die <a href="/wiki/Skuilnaam" title="Skuilnaam">skuilnaam</a> <b>Willy Brandt </b>gekry het om opsporing te vermy deur die Nazi-agente. In 1934 was hy betrokke by die stigting van die Internasionale Buro van die Revolusionêre Jeugorganisasies, en is verkies tot die Sekretariaat. </p><p>Brandt was in Duitsland vanaf September tot Desember 1936, vermom as 'n Noorse student met die naam Gunnar Gaasland. Die werklike Gunnar Gaasland was getroud met Patricia Meyer van <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> in 'n huwelik van gerief om haar te beskerm teen deportasie. Meyer het by Brandt in Noorweë aangesluit in Julie 1933. In 1937, tydens die <a href="/wiki/Spaanse_Burgeroorlog" title="Spaanse Burgeroorlog">Burgeroorlog</a>, het Brandt in <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> as 'n joernalis gewerk. In 1938 het die Duitse regering sy burgerskap herroep, sodat hy aansoek gedoen het vir Noorse burgerskap. In 1940 is hy in Noorweë deur die Duitse besettngsmagte in hegtenis geneem, maar nie geïdentifiseer nie weens sy Noorse uniform. Ná sy vrylating het hy ontsnap na neutrale Swede. In Augustus 1940 het hy 'n Noorse burger geword met die ontvangs van sy paspoort van die Noorse afvaardiging in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> waar hy gewoon het tot die einde van die oorlog. Willy Brandt het lesings in Swede op 1 Desember 1940 aangebied by Bommersvik Kollege oor die probleme wat ondervind word deur die sosiaal-demokrate in <a href="/wiki/Nazi-Duitsland" title="Nazi-Duitsland">Nazi-Duitsland</a> en die besette lande aan die begin van die <a href="/wiki/Tweede_W%C3%AAreldoorlog" title="Tweede Wêreldoorlog">Tweede Wêreldoorlog</a>. Tydens sy ballingskap in Noorweë en Swede het Brandt <a href="/wiki/Noors" title="Noors">Noors</a> en <a href="/wiki/Sweeds" title="Sweeds">Sweeds</a> aangeleer. Brandt het Noors vlot gepraat, en het vir die res van sy Lewe 'n noue verhouding met Noorweë behou. </p><p>Aan die einde van 1946 het Brandt na <a href="/wiki/Berlyn" title="Berlyn">Berlyn</a> teruggekeer waar hy deur die Noorse Militêre Sending as persattaché aangestel is. In 1948 het hy by die Sosiaal-Demokratiese Party van Duitsland (SPD) aangesluit en sy Duitse burgerskap weer formeel aangeneem. Die oorspronklike skuilnaam Willy Brandt het hy as sy wettige naam behou. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politikus">Politikus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Politikus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Politikus"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt,_March_13,_1961.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt%2C_March_13%2C_1961.jpg/220px-John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt%2C_March_13%2C_1961.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt%2C_March_13%2C_1961.jpg/330px-John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt%2C_March_13%2C_1961.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt%2C_March_13%2C_1961.jpg/440px-John_F._Kennedy_meeting_with_Willy_Brandt%2C_March_13%2C_1961.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3667" data-file-height="2416" /></a><figcaption>Brandt vergader met <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> in 1961</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1950 het Brandt, terwyl hy 'n lid van die federale parlement ("Bundestag") en die hoofredakteur van die dagblad "Berliner Stadtblatt" was, 'n geheime betaling van ongeveer 170 000 Deutsche Mark van die VSA-regering ontvang.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toe hy gekonfronteer word daarmee, het hy dit deurentyd ontken. </p><p>Vanaf 3 Oktober 1957 tot 1966 het Willy Brandt as die Burgemeester van Berlyn gedien, gedurende 'n tydperk van toenemende spanning in die Oos-Wes verhoudinge wat gelei het tot die bou van die <a href="/wiki/Berlynse_Muur" title="Berlynse Muur">Berlynse Muur</a>. In Brandt se eerste jaar as burgemeester van Berlyn, het hy ook as die president van die Bundesrat in Bonn gedien. Brandt was 'n uitgesproke kritikus van die Sowjet-onderdrukking van die <a href="/wiki/Hongaarse_Rewolusie_van_1956" title="Hongaarse Rewolusie van 1956">1956 Hongaarse Opstand</a> en van <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Chroesjtsjof" title="Nikita Chroesjtsjof">Nikita Chroesjtsjof</a> se 1958-voorstel dat Berlyn die status van 'n "vrye stad" moet ontvang. Hy is ondersteun deur die invloedryke uitgewer Axel Springer. </p><p>As burgemeester van Wes-Berlyn het Brandt veel vermag op die gebied van stedelike ontwikkeling. Nuwe hotelle, kantoorblokke en woonstelle is gebou, terwyl beide die <a href="/wiki/Charlottenburg-kasteel" title="Charlottenburg-kasteel">Charlottenburg-kasteel</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Reichstag_(gebou)" title="Reichstag (gebou)">Reichstag gebou</a> herstel is. Afdelings van die "Stadtring" Skool 100 binnestedelike snelweg is geopen, terwyl 'n groot behuisingsprogram uitgevoer is, met ongeveer 20 000 nuwe wonings elke jaar tydens sy ampstermyn.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aan die begin van 1961 het die Amerikaanse President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> Brandt as die golf van die toekoms in Wes-Duitsland gesien en gehoop hy sou <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> as kanselier in die volgende verkiesing daardie jaar vervang.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kennedy het hierdie voorkeur duidelik gemaak deur Brandt te nooi na die Wes-Duitse leier van die opposisie – 'n amptelike vergadering by die <a href="/wiki/Withuis" title="Withuis">Withuis</a>, 'n maand voor die vergadering met Adenauer, die land se leier. Dit het die spanning tussen Kennedy en Adenauer verder gestrem tydens 'n besonder gespanne tyd vir Berlyn.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maar, na aanleiding van die bou van die Berlynse Muur in Augustus 1961, was Brandt teleurgesteld en kwaad vir Kennedy. Drie dae later ontmoet hulle in Berlyn,  en Brandt kritiseer Kennedy vir die handhawing van: "Berlyn verwag meer as woorde. Dit verwag politieke aksie." Hy het ook aan Kennedy 'n hoogs kritiese openbare brief geskryf waarin hy gewaarsku het dat die ontwikkeling aanspreeklik is om "twyfel te wek oor die vermoë van die drie [Aanvullende] Magte om te reageer en hul vasberadenheid" en hy het die situasie "'n toestand van volbragte afpersing" genoem.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brandt word die voorsitter van die SPD in 1964, 'n pos wat hy behou het tot 1987, langer as enige ander party voorsitter sedert die stigting van die SPD deur Augustus Bebel. Brandt was die SPD kandidaat vir die kanselierskap in 1961, maar verloor teen <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> se konserwatiewe Christen-Demokratiese Unie van Duitsland (CDU). In 1965, staan Brandt weer, maar verloor teen die gewilde <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a>. Erhard se regering was egter van korte duur, en in 1966 is 'n groot koalisie tussen die SPD en CDU gevorm, met Brandt wat dien as minister van buitelandse sake en later as die 5de Vise-Kanselier van Duitsland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanselier">Kanselier</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Kanselier" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Kanselier"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tydens die 1969-verkiesings, weer met Brandt as die voorste kandidaat, het die SPD sterker geword en na drie weke van onderhandelings, het die SPD 'n koalisieregering met die kleiner Vrye Demokratiese Party van Duitsland (FDP) gevorm. Brandt is verkies tot Kanselier van die Federale Republiek van Duitsland. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buitelandse_beleid">Buitelandse beleid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Buitelandse beleid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Buitelandse beleid"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021,_K%C3%B6ln,_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021%2C_K%C3%B6ln%2C_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021%2C_K%C3%B6ln%2C_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021%2C_K%C3%B6ln%2C_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021%2C_K%C3%B6ln%2C_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021%2C_K%C3%B6ln%2C_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F037099-0021%2C_K%C3%B6ln%2C_Staatsempfang_f%C3%BCr_Pr%C3%A4sident_Pompidou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="513" /></a><figcaption>Willy Brandt met die <a href="/wiki/Frankryk" title="Frankryk">Franse</a> president <a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a> in <a href="/wiki/Keulen" title="Keulen">Keulen</a>, 3 Julie 1972</figcaption></figure> <p>As kanselier, ontwikkel Brandt sy <i>Neue Ostpolitik</i> (<i>Nuwe Oos-Beleid</i>). Brandt was aktief in die skep van 'n mate tot toenadering met <a href="/wiki/Duitse_Demokratiese_Republiek" title="Duitse Demokratiese Republiek">Oos-Duitsland</a>, en ook in die verbetering van betrekkinge met die Sowjetunie, Pole, Tsjeggo-Slowakye en ander <a href="/wiki/Oosblok" title="Oosblok">Oosblok</a>- (kommunistiese) lande. 'n Seminale oomblik het gekom in Desember 1970 met die bekende <i>Warschauer Kniefall</i>  wat Brandt, blykbaar spontaan gekniel het by die monument vir die slagoffers van die <a href="/wiki/Opstand_in_die_Warskou-ghetto" title="Opstand in die Warskou-ghetto">Warskou Ghetto Opstand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Warsaw_Genuflection_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warsaw_Genuflection-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die opstand wat plaasgevind het tydens die Nazi-Duitse militêre besetting van Pole, en die monument is om diegene wat vermoor is deur die Duitse troepe en die oorblywende swart inwoners wat na konsentrasiekampe gestuur is. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Time_(tydskrif)" title="Time (tydskrif)">Time</a></i>-tydskrif in die VSA het Brandt as die "Man van die Jaar vir 1970" benoem, en verklaar: "Willy Brandt is in effek op soek na die einde van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog deur 'n nuwe verhouding tussen die Ooste en die Weste te bevorder. Hy is besig om die werklike situasie in Europa te aanvaar, wat 25 jaar lank geduur het, maar hy probeer ook om 'n nuwe werklikheid in sy benadering tot die Sowjetunie en die Oosblok te bring."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> was ook besig om <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9tente" title="Détente">détente</a> namens die Verenigde State van Amerika te bevorder. Die beleid van Nixon en <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a>, na aanvanklike vermoede, het geblyk om Brandt se Ostpolitik te steun.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1971 ontvang Brandt die <a href="/wiki/Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede">Nobelprys vir Vrede</a> vir sy werk in die verbetering van <a href="/wiki/Internasionale_verhoudinge" title="Internasionale verhoudinge">verhoudings</a> met Oos-Duitsland, Pole, en die Sowjetunie. Brandt onderhandel 'n vredesverdrag met Pole, en ooreenkomste op die grense tussen die twee lande lui die amptelike en lang-vertraagde einde van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog in. Brandt onderhandel parallele verdrae en ooreenkomste met Tsjeggo-Slowakye. </p><p>In Wes-Duitsland egter, was Brandt se <i>Neue Ostpolitik</i> omstrede, dit verdeel die bevolking in twee kampe. Een kamp omhels al die konserwatiewe partye, en veral die Wes-Duitse inwoners en hul families wat wes gedryf was ("die Heimatvertriebenen") deur Stalinistiese etniese reiniging van historiese Oos-Duitsland, veral die deel wat gegee is aan die Pole as gevolg van die einde van die oorlog; westerse <a href="/wiki/Tsjeggo-Slowakye" title="Tsjeggo-Slowakye">Tsjeggo-Slowakye</a> (die Sudetenland); en die res van Oos-Europa, soos in <a href="/wiki/Roemeni%C3%AB" title="Roemenië">Roemenië</a>. Hierdie groepe van verplaasde Duitsers en hul afstammelinge het hul teenkanting heftig uitgespreek teen Brandt se beleid; hulle noem dit "onwettig" en "hoogverraad". </p><p>'n Ander kamp ondersteun en moedig Brandt se <i>Neue Ostpolitik</i> aan met die oog op die "Wandel durch Annäherung" ("verander deur toenadering"), die bevordering van verandering deur middel van 'n beleid van betrokkenheid met die (kommunistiese) <a href="/wiki/Oosblok" title="Oosblok">Oosblok</a>, eerder as om te probeer om daardie lande diplomaties en kommersieel te isoleer. Brandt se ondersteuners beweer dat die beleid gehelp het om die Oos-Blok se "belegmentaliteit" af te breek, en ook gehelp het met die verhoging van die bewustheid van die teenstrydighede in die Sosialisme/Kommunisme, wat – saam met ander gebeure – uiteindelik gelei het tot die ondergang van die Oos-Europese Kommunisme. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Binnelandse_beleid">Binnelandse beleid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Binnelandse beleid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Binnelandse beleid"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brandt_se_gewildheid">Brandt se gewildheid</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Brandt se gewildheid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Brandt se gewildheid"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019,_Dortmund,_SPD-Parteitag,_Willy_Brandt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019%2C_Dortmund%2C_SPD-Parteitag%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019%2C_Dortmund%2C_SPD-Parteitag%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019%2C_Dortmund%2C_SPD-Parteitag%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019%2C_Dortmund%2C_SPD-Parteitag%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019%2C_Dortmund%2C_SPD-Parteitag%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F064862-0019%2C_Dortmund%2C_SPD-Parteitag%2C_Willy_Brandt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Willy Brandt praat by 'n SPD-vergadering in <a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a>, 1983</figcaption></figure> <p>Brandt se voorganger as kanselier, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a>, was 'n lid van die Nazi-party, en was 'n outydse, konserwatief-liberale intellektueel. Brandt, wat voorheen die Nazi's beveg het, het nou 'n kommunistiese Oos-Duitsland in die gesig gestaar tydens verskeie krisisse. Terwyl hy burgemeester van Berlyn was, word hy 'n omstrede, maar geloofwaardige figuur in verskillende faksies. As die Minister van Buitelandse Sake in die kabinet van die Groot Koalisie, het Brandt gehelp om verdere internasionale goedkeuring te kry vir Wes-Duitsland, en het hy die grondslag gelê vir sy toekomstige <i>Neue Ostpolitik</i>. Daar was 'n wye openbare meningsgaping tussen Kiesinger en Brandt by die Wes-Duitse stembusse. </p><p>Die alternatiewe leefstyle van Duitsland se jonger generasie was 'n uitdaging vir albei politici. Kiesinger het na hulle verwys as "'n skandelike skare van langharige uitsakkers wat 'n bad benodig asook iemand wat hulle dissiplineer". Brandt moes wag om geloofwaardigheid te verdien onder die "Buite-parlementêre Opposisie" (<i>Außerparlamentarische Opposition</i>, kort APO) wat sy aanhangers onder meer by universiteite gevind het. Net soos in ander lande het ook Wes-Duitse studente begin om die samelewing in die algemeen te bevraagteken en op sosiale, wetlike en politieke hervormings aan te dring. Onder die indruk van ophitsende verslaggewing en kommentare in regsgesinde dagblaaie, veral dié wat deur die Wes-Berlynse Axel Springer-uitgewery gepubliseer is, het dele van die publiek 'n strenger optrede van die owerheid geëis. Daarnaas het die politieke onluste 'n herlewing van verregse partye in sommige van die <i><a href="/wiki/Deelstate_van_Duitsland" title="Deelstate van Duitsland">Bundesländer</a></i> tot gevolg gehad. So kon die Nasionaal-Demokratiese Party (NPD) enkele termyne lank setels in deelstaatparlemente verower. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Brandt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-4" style="-moz-column-count: 4; -webkit-column-count: 4; column-count: 4; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Merseburger: <i>Willy Brandt 1913–1992. Visionär und Realist</i>. München: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt 2016, bl. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180627181451/http://www.bpb.de/mediathek/858/60-x-deutschland-das-jahr-1974">"Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb): 60x Deutschland – Das Jahr 1974. Besoek op 26 Junie 2018"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpb.de/mediathek/858/60-x-deutschland-das-jahr-1974">die oorspronklike</a> op 27 Junie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">26 Junie</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bundeszentrale+f%C3%BCr+politische+Bildung+%28bpb%29%3A+60x+Deutschland+%E2%80%93+Das+Jahr+1974.+Besoek+op+26+Junie+2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpb.de%2Fmediathek%2F858%2F60-x-deutschland-das-jahr-1974&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AWilly+Brandt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.willy-brandt-biografie.de/#1913-1932">Amptelike aanlynbiografie van die Willy Brandt-stigting. Besoek op 25 Junie 2018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7tRyJy-An1MC&pg=PA381&dq=John+Heinrich+Möller+1887&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA-rTD8JvYAhUB_aQKHWvpAA8Q6AEIIjAA#v=onepage&q=John%20Heinrich%20M%C3%B6ller%201887&f=false">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/historiker-enthuellt-washington-unterstuetzte-willy-brandt-mit-geheimen-zahlungen-14280080.html">"Washington unterstützte Willy Brandt mit geheimen Zahlungen"</a> (in Duits). faz.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190908181152/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/historiker-enthuellt-washington-unterstuetzte-willy-brandt-mit-geheimen-zahlungen-14280080.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 8 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Washington+unterst%C3%BCtzte+Willy+Brandt+mit+geheimen+Zahlungen&rft.pub=faz.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.faz.net%2Faktuell%2Fpolitik%2Finland%2Fhistoriker-enthuellt-washington-unterstuetzte-willy-brandt-mit-geheimen-zahlungen-14280080.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AWilly+Brandt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERbrandtW.htm">Willy Brandt : Biography</a>. Spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKempe2011">Kempe (2011)</a>, p. 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKempe2011">Kempe (2011)</a>, p. 166</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKempe2011">Kempe (2011)</a>, pp. 375–376</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Warsaw_Genuflection-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Warsaw_Genuflection_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPMf4ZUSUKA">"Willy Brandt-'Warsaw Genuflection' (English and German subtitles)"</a> (in Engels). <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> / Zolcer TV / <a href="/wiki/ZDF" title="ZDF">ZDF</a> History. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220154455/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPMf4ZUSUKA">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 Desember 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Februarie</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Willy+Brandt-%27Warsaw+Genuflection%27+%28English+and+German+subtitles%29&rft.pub=YouTube+%2F+Zolcer+TV+%2F+ZDF+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DKPMf4ZUSUKA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AWilly+Brandt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Willy Brandt", <i>Time Magazine</i>, 4 January 1971, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/subscriber/personoftheyear/archive/stories/1970.htmlo">online archive</a><sup><i>[dooie skakel]</i></sup>. Besoek op 11 Julie 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJuneau2011">Juneau (2011)</a></span> </li> </ol></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kanselier_van_Duitsland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Kanselier_van_Duitsland" title="Sjabloon:Kanselier van Duitsland"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bespreek"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjabloonbespreking:Kanselier_van_Duitsland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjabloonbespreking:Kanselier van Duitsland (bladsy bestaan nie)"><abbr title="Bespreek hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-wysig"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Kanselier_van_Duitsland&action=edit"><abbr title="Wysig hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">w</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kanselier_van_Duitsland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Kanselier van Duitsland</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duitse_Ryk" class="mw-disambig" title="Duitse Ryk">Duitse Ryk</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Reichskanzler (1871–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leo_von_Caprivi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leo von Caprivi (bladsy bestaan nie)">Leo von Caprivi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlodwig,_Prince_of_Hohenlohe-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (bladsy bestaan nie)">Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_von_B%C3%BClow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard von Bülow (bladsy bestaan nie)">Bernhard von Bülow</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theobald_von_Bethmann-Hollweg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg (bladsy bestaan nie)">Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Michaelis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Michaelis (bladsy bestaan nie)">Georg Michaelis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_von_Hertling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg von Hertling (bladsy bestaan nie)">Georg von Hertling</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_Maximilian_of_Baden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Maximilian of Baden (bladsy bestaan nie)">Prince Maximilian of Baden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Ebert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Ebert (bladsy bestaan nie)">Friedrich Ebert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republiek_van_Weimar" title="Republiek van Weimar">Weimar Republiek</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Germany_(3-2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <br /> Reichskanzler (1919–1933)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philipp_Scheidemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philipp Scheidemann (bladsy bestaan nie)">Philipp Scheidemann</a> (as Ministerpräsident)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Bauer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Bauer (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gustav Bauer</a> (as Ministerpräsident en Kanselier)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politikus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Müller (politikus) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hermann Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantin_Fehrenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantin Fehrenbach (bladsy bestaan nie)">Konstantin Fehrenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Wirth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Wirth (bladsy bestaan nie)">Joseph Wirth</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Cuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Cuno (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wilhelm Cuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Stresemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Stresemann (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gustav Stresemann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marx" title="Wilhelm Marx">Wilhelm Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Luther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Luther (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hans Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marx" title="Wilhelm Marx">Wilhelm Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(politikus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermann Müller (politikus) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hermann Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Brüning (bladsy bestaan nie)">Heinrich Brüning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_von_Papen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz von Papen (bladsy bestaan nie)">Franz von Papen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_von_Schleicher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt von Schleicher (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kurt von Schleicher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nazi-Duitsland" title="Nazi-Duitsland">Nazi-Duitsland</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /> Reichskanzler (1933–1945)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk (bladsy bestaan nie)">Count Schwerin von Krosigk</a> (as Vooraanstaande Minister)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Federale Republiek</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /> Bundeskanzler (1949–teenwoordig)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Willy Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time-persone_van_die_jaar" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Time-persone_van_die_jaar" title="Sjabloon:Time-persone van die jaar"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bespreek"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloonbespreking:Time-persone_van_die_jaar" title="Sjabloonbespreking:Time-persone van die jaar"><abbr title="Bespreek hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-wysig"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Time-persone_van_die_jaar&action=edit"><abbr title="Wysig hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">w</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time-persone_van_die_jaar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Time_(tydskrif)" title="Time (tydskrif)">Time</a></i>-<a href="/wiki/Time_se_Persoon_van_die_Jaar" title="Time se Persoon van die Jaar">persone van die jaar</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1927–1950</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> (1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Owen_D._Young" title="Owen D. Young">Owen D. Young</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mohandas Gandhi</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laval" title="Pierre Laval">Pierre Laval</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_S._Johnson" title="Hugh S. Johnson">Hugh S. Johnson</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wallis_Simpson" title="Wallis Simpson">Wallis Simpson</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soong_Mei-ling" title="Soong Mei-ling">Soong Mei-ling</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josef_Stalin" title="Josef Stalin">Josef Stalin</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josef_Stalin" title="Josef Stalin">Josef Stalin</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">James F. Byrnes</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korea-oorlog" title="Korea-oorlog">Die Amerikaanse soldaat</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mossadegh" title="Mohammad Mossadegh">Mohammad Mossadegh</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_van_die_Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Elizabeth II van die Verenigde Koninkryk">Elizabeth II</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harlow_Curtice" title="Harlow Curtice">Harlow Curtice</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hongaarse_Rewolusie_van_1956" title="Hongaarse Rewolusie van 1956">Hongaarse vryheidsvegters</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Chroesjtsjof" title="Nikita Chroesjtsjof">Nikita Chroesjtsjof</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Amerikaanse wetenskaplikes: <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">George Beadle</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Stark_Draper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Stark Draper (bladsy bestaan nie)">Charles Draper</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Franklin_Enders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Franklin Enders (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Enders</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_A._Glaser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald A. Glaser (bladsy bestaan nie)">Donald A. Glaser</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Lederberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joshua Lederberg (bladsy bestaan nie)">Joshua Lederberg</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willard_Libby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willard Libby (bladsy bestaan nie)">Willard Libby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Mills_Purcell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Mills Purcell (bladsy bestaan nie)">Edward Purcell</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isidor_Isaac_Rabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi (bladsy bestaan nie)">Isidor Rabi</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emilio_Segr%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emilio Segrè (bladsy bestaan nie)">Emilio Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_H._Townes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles H. Townes (bladsy bestaan nie)">Charles Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_van_Allen" title="James van Allen">James van Allen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Burns_Woodward&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Burns Woodward (bladsy bestaan nie)">Robert Woodward</a> </span> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pous_Johannes_XXIII" title="Pous Johannes XXIII">Pous Johannes XXIII</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_jr." title="Martin Luther King jr.">Martin Luther King jr.</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Westmoreland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Westmoreland (bladsy bestaan nie)">William Westmoreland</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baby_boomers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baby boomers (bladsy bestaan nie)">Die Generasie onder vyf-en-twintig</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> <a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Die ruimtevaarders van Apollo 8</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Anders" title="William Anders">William Anders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Borman" title="Frank Borman">Frank Borman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lovell" title="Jim Lovell">Jim Lovell</a> </span> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middel-Amerika_(Verenigde_State)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middel-Amerika (Verenigde State) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Die Middel-Amerikaners</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Willy Brandt</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Sirica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Sirica (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Sirica</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Faisal_van_Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Faisal van Saoedi-Arabië">Koning Faisal</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Amerikaanse vroue: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susan_Brownmiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susan Brownmiller (bladsy bestaan nie)">Susan Brownmiller</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathleen_Byerly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathleen Byerly (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kathleen Byerly</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alison_Cheek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alison Cheek (bladsy bestaan nie)">Alison Cheek</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jill_Ker_Conway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jill Ker Conway (bladsy bestaan nie)">Jill Conway</a> / <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ella_T._Grasso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ella T. Grasso (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ella Grasso</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carla_Anderson_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carla Anderson Hills (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carla Hills</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Jordan (bladsy bestaan nie)">Barbara Jordan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susie_Sharp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susie Sharp (bladsy bestaan nie)">Susie Sharp</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Sutton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Sutton (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carol Sutton</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Addie_L._Wyatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Addie L. Wyatt (bladsy bestaan nie)">Addie Wyatt</a> </span> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ajatollah Khomeini</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Persoonlike_rekenaar" title="Persoonlike rekenaar">Die rekenaar</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joeri_Andropof" title="Joeri Andropof">Joeri Andropof</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ueberroth" title="Peter Ueberroth">Peter Ueberroth</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michail_Gorbatsjof" title="Michail Gorbatsjof">Michail Gorbatsjof</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Omgewingsbewustheid" title="Omgewingsbewustheid">Die bedreigde area</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michail_Gorbatsjof" title="Michail Gorbatsjof">Michail Gorbatsjof</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_H.W._Bush" title="George H.W. Bush">George H.W. Bush</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Die vredemakers: <a href="/wiki/Jasser_Arafat" title="Jasser Arafat">Jasser Arafat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederik_Willem_de_Klerk" title="Frederik Willem de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> </span> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pous_Johannes_Paulus_II" title="Pous Johannes Paulus II">Pous Johannes Paulus II</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Ho" title="David Ho">David Ho</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeffrey P. Bezos</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–hede</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudolph Giuliani</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Die fluitjieblasers: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_Cooper_(rekeningkundige)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynthia Cooper (rekeningkundige) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Cynthia Cooper</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coleen_Rowley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coleen Rowley (bladsy bestaan nie)">Coleen Rowley</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sherron_Watkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sherron Watkins (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sherron Watkins</a> </span> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irakse_Oorlog" title="Irakse Oorlog">Die Amerikaanse soldaat</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Die Goeie Samaritane: <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melinda_Gates" title="Melinda Gates">Melinda Gates</a> </span> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=U_(Time-persoon_van_die_jaar)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U (Time-persoon van die jaar) (bladsy bestaan nie)">U</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Poetin" title="Wladimir Poetin">Wladimir Poetin</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betoging&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betoging (bladsy bestaan nie)">Die Betoger</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pous_Franciskus" title="Pous Franciskus">Pous Franciskus</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ebola-vegters: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kent_Brantly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kent Brantly (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kent Brantly</a> / Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salome_Karwah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salome Karwah (bladsy bestaan nie)">Salome Karwah</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"#Me Too"-beweging (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Die voogde: <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wa_Lone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wa Lone (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wa Lone</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyaw_Soe_Oo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyaw Soe Oo (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kyaw Soe Oo</a> / Werknemers van <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Capital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Capital (bladsy bestaan nie)">The Capital</a></i> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> (2021) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wolodimir_Zelenski" title="Wolodimir Zelenski">Wolodimir Zelenski</a> (2022) / <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFners" title="Oekraïners">Gees van Oekraïne</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikipedia book"><img alt="Wikipedia book" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/16px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/23px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/31px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boek:Time-persoon_van_die_jaar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boek:Time-persoon van die jaar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Boek</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2514&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2514&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2514" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibsys">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90066566">90066566</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Chile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Chile (bladsy bestaan nie)">BNC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000069884">000069884</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX947654">XX947654</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118937873">cb118937873</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118937873">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Name_and_Title_Authority_File_of_Catalonia" title="Name and Title Authority File of Catalonia">CANTIC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10053943">a10053943</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00840318?l=en">DA00840318</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11851444X">11851444X</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0105018">nm0105018</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000108909225">0000 0001 0890 9225</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80138336">n80138336</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Latvia">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000012137&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000012137</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/0c0deaee-c1a1-4488-96fe-b5c15e4b0488">0c0deaee-c1a1-4488-96fe-b5c15e4b0488</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10568026">10568026</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00434194">00434194</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990001030&CON_LNG=ENG">jn19990001030</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35021364">35021364</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Greece">NLG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/Authority/Record?id=au.106873">106873</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Israel">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000024124&local_base=nlx10">000024124</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Korea">NLK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nl.go.kr/authorities/resource/KAC199603292">KAC199603292</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="error">The NLP id a0000001185134 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_in_Zagreb" class="mw-redirect" title="National and University Library in Zagreb">NSK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000073925&local_base=nsk10">000073925</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Library_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Library of the Netherlands">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069070288">069070288</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RERO_(Library_Network_of_Western_Switzerland)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (Library Network of Western Switzerland)">RERO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A000022535">02-A000022535</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="error">The SBN id RCAV065767 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">SELIBR</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/178973">178973</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6r78v9g">w6r78v9g</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026749971">026749971</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trove" title="Trove">Trove</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/795533">795533</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/41837116">41837116</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat Identities</a> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/41837116">41837116</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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