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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%88:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="الگو:سیاست سوئیس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الگو:سیاست سوئیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Politique_en_Suisse" title="Modèle:Palette Politique en Suisse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Modèle:Palette Politique en Suisse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="साँचा:स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड की राजनीति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साँचा:स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड की राजनीति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templat:Politik_di_Swiss" title="Templat:Politik di Swiss – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Templat:Politik di Swiss" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Politica_Svizzera" title="Template:Politica Svizzera – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Template:Politica Svizzera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A5" title="תבנית:פוליטיקה של שווייץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תבנית:פוליטיקה של שווייץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjabloon:Zijbalk_politiek_Zwitserland" title="Sjabloon:Zijbalk politiek Zwitserland – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sjabloon:Zijbalk politiek Zwitserland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Template:スイスの政治 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Template:スイスの政治" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szablon:Polityka_Szwajcarii" title="Szablon:Polityka Szwajcarii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szablon:Polityka Szwajcarii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Pol%C3%ADtica_da_Su%C3%AD%C3%A7a" title="Predefinição:Política da Suíça – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Predefinição:Política da Suíça" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Шаблон:Политика Швейцарии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шаблон:Политика Швейцарии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Шаблон:Политички систем Швајцарске – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шаблон:Политички систем Швајцарске" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Politika_%C5%A0vicarske" title="Šablon:Politika Švicarske – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šablon:Politika Švicarske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malline:Sveitsin_politiikka" title="Malline:Sveitsin politiikka – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Malline:Sveitsin politiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:%C4%B0svi%C3%A7re_siyaseti" title="Şablon:İsviçre siyaseti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şablon:İsviçre siyaseti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97" title="Шаблон:Політичний устрій Швейцарії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шаблон:Політичний устрій Швейцарії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode%C5%82o:Po%C5%82itega_Svisera" title="Modeło:Połitega Svisera – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Modeło:Połitega Svisera" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Template:瑞士政治 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Template:瑞士政治" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Switzerland" title="Category:Politics of Switzerland">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Switzerland" title="Politics of Switzerland">Politics of Switzerland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_(Pantone).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="669" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Federal_Constitution" title="Swiss Federal Constitution">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Switzerland" title="Human rights in Switzerland">Human rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Federal Council</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Swiss_Federal_Council" title="List of members of the Swiss Federal Council">Members</a> (by seniority) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Beat_Jans" title="Beat Jans">Beat Jans</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guy_Parmelin" title="Guy Parmelin">Guy Parmelin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Cassis" title="Ignazio Cassis">Ignazio Cassis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Viola_Amherd" title="Viola Amherd">Viola Amherd</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Swiss_Confederation" title="President of the Swiss Confederation">President</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Karin_Keller-Sutter" title="Karin Keller-Sutter">Karin Keller-Sutter</a> (Vice President)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Albert_R%C3%B6sti" title="Albert Rösti">Albert Rösti</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Baume-Schneider" title="Élisabeth Baume-Schneider">Élisabeth Baume-Schneider</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Switzerland" title="Chancellor of Switzerland">Federal Chancellor</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Rossi" title="Viktor Rossi">Viktor Rossi</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_administration_of_Switzerland" title="Federal administration of Switzerland">Federal administration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Assembly (Switzerland)">Federal Assembly</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_States_(Switzerland)" title="Council of States (Switzerland)">Council of States</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Swiss_Council_of_States_(2019%E2%80%9323)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the Swiss Council of States (2019–23)">members</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Switzerland)" title="National Council (Switzerland)">National Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_National_Council_of_Switzerland,_2019%E2%80%9323" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the National Council of Switzerland, 2019–23">members</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Switzerland" title="List of political parties in Switzerland">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Switzerland" title="Elections in Switzerland">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voting_in_Switzerland" title="Voting in Switzerland">Voting</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Elections</div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1848_Swiss_federal_election" title="1848 Swiss federal election">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1851_Swiss_federal_election" title="1851 Swiss federal election">1851</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1854_Swiss_federal_election" title="1854 Swiss federal election">1854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1857_Swiss_federal_election" title="1857 Swiss federal election">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Swiss_federal_election" title="1860 Swiss federal election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Swiss_federal_election" title="1863 Swiss federal election">1863</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Swiss_federal_election" title="1866 Swiss federal election">1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Swiss_federal_election" title="1869 Swiss federal election">1869</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Swiss_federal_election" title="1872 Swiss federal election">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Swiss_federal_election" title="1875 Swiss federal election">1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_Swiss_federal_election" title="1878 Swiss federal election">1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Swiss_federal_election" title="1881 Swiss federal election">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Swiss_federal_election" title="1884 Swiss federal election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Swiss_federal_election" title="1887 Swiss federal election">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890_Swiss_federal_election" title="1890 Swiss federal election">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Swiss_federal_election" title="1893 Swiss federal election">1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Swiss_federal_election" title="1896 Swiss federal election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_Swiss_federal_election" title="1899 Swiss federal election">1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Swiss_federal_election" title="1902 Swiss federal election">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Swiss_federal_election" title="1905 Swiss federal election">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Swiss_federal_election" title="1908 Swiss federal election">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Swiss_federal_election" title="1911 Swiss federal election">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Swiss_federal_election" title="1914 Swiss federal election">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Swiss_federal_election" title="1917 Swiss federal election">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Swiss_federal_election" title="1919 Swiss federal election">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Swiss_federal_election" title="1922 Swiss federal election">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Swiss_federal_election" title="1925 Swiss federal election">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Swiss_federal_election" title="1928 Swiss federal election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Swiss_federal_election" title="1931 Swiss federal election">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Swiss_federal_election" title="1935 Swiss federal election">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Swiss_federal_election" title="1939 Swiss federal election">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Swiss_federal_election" title="1943 Swiss federal election">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Swiss_federal_election" title="1947 Swiss federal election">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Swiss_federal_election" title="1951 Swiss federal election">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Swiss_federal_election" title="1955 Swiss federal election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Swiss_federal_election" title="1959 Swiss federal election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Swiss_federal_election" title="1963 Swiss federal election">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Swiss_federal_election" title="1967 Swiss federal election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Swiss_federal_election" title="1971 Swiss federal election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Swiss_federal_election" title="1975 Swiss federal election">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Swiss_federal_election" title="1979 Swiss federal election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Swiss_federal_election" title="1983 Swiss federal election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Swiss_federal_election" title="1987 Swiss federal election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Swiss_federal_election" title="1991 Swiss federal election">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Swiss_federal_election" title="1995 Swiss federal election">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Swiss_federal_election" title="1999 Swiss federal election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Swiss_federal_election" title="2003 Swiss federal election">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Swiss_federal_election" title="2007 Swiss federal election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Swiss_federal_election" title="2011 Swiss federal election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Swiss_federal_election" title="2015 Swiss federal election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Swiss_federal_election" title="2019 Swiss federal election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Swiss_federal_election" title="2023 Swiss federal election">2023</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swiss_federal_referendums" title="List of Swiss federal referendums">Referendums</a></div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1798_Helvetic_Republic_constitutional_referendum" title="1798 Helvetic Republic constitutional referendum">1798</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1802_Helvetic_Republic_constitutional_referendum" title="1802 Helvetic Republic constitutional referendum">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_Swiss_constitutional_referendum" title="1848 Swiss constitutional referendum">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Swiss_referendum" title="1866 Swiss referendum">1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Swiss_constitutional_referendum" title="1872 Swiss constitutional referendum">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Swiss_constitutional_referendum" title="1874 Swiss constitutional referendum">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Swiss_referendum" title="1875 Swiss referendum">1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Swiss_referendums" title="1876 Swiss referendums">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877_Swiss_referendum" title="1877 Swiss referendum">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1879_Swiss_referendums" title="1879 Swiss referendums">1879</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Swiss_constitutional_referendum" title="1880 Swiss constitutional referendum">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882_Swiss_referendums" title="1882 Swiss referendums">1882</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Swiss_referendum" title="1884 Swiss referendum">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885_Swiss_constitutional_referendum" title="1885 Swiss constitutional referendum">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Swiss_referendums" title="1887 Swiss referendums">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1889_Swiss_insolvency_referendum" title="1889 Swiss insolvency referendum">1889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890_Swiss_insurance_referendum" title="1890 Swiss insurance referendum">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_Swiss_referendums" title="1891 Swiss referendums">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Swiss_animal_protection_referendum" title="1893 Swiss animal protection referendum">1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Swiss_referendums" title="1894 Swiss referendums">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1895_Swiss_referendums" title="1895 Swiss referendums">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Swiss_referendum" title="1896 Swiss referendum">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1897_Swiss_referendums" title="1897 Swiss referendums">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Swiss_referendums" title="1898 Swiss referendums">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Swiss_referendums" title="1900 Swiss referendums">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Swiss_schools_referendum" title="1902 Swiss schools referendum">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Swiss_referendums" title="1903 Swiss referendums">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Swiss_copyright_referendum" title="1905 Swiss copyright referendum">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Swiss_foodstuffs_referendum" title="1906 Swiss foodstuffs referendum">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_Swiss_armed_forces_referendum" title="1907 Swiss armed forces referendum">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Swiss_referendums" title="1908 Swiss referendums">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910_Swiss_electoral_system_referendum" title="1910 Swiss electoral system referendum">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Swiss_insurance_referendum" title="1912 Swiss insurance referendum">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Swiss_disease_control_referendum" title="1913 Swiss disease control referendum">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Swiss_constitutional_referendum" title="1914 Swiss constitutional referendum">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Swiss_war_tax_referendum" title="1915 Swiss war tax referendum">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Swiss_stamp_duty_referendum" title="1917 Swiss stamp duty referendum">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Swiss_referendums" title="1918 Swiss referendums">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Swiss_referendums" title="1919 Swiss referendums">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Swiss_referendums" title="1920 Swiss referendums">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Swiss_referendums" title="1921 Swiss referendums">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Swiss_referendums" title="1922 Swiss referendums">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Swiss_referendums" title="1923 Swiss referendums">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Swiss_employment_protection_referendum" title="1924 Swiss employment protection referendum">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Swiss_referendums" title="1925 Swiss referendums">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Swiss_grain_supply_referendum" title="1926 Swiss grain supply referendum">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_Swiss_referendum" title="1927 Swiss referendum">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Swiss_referendums" title="1928 Swiss referendums">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Swiss_referendums" title="1929 Swiss referendums">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Swiss_alcohol_referendum" title="1930 Swiss alcohol referendum">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Swiss_referendums" title="1931 Swiss referendums">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Swiss_federal_salaries_referendum" title="1933 Swiss federal salaries referendum">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Swiss_public_order_referendum" title="1934 Swiss public order referendum">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Swiss_referendums" title="1935 Swiss referendums">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Swiss_freemasonry_referendum" title="1937 Swiss freemasonry referendum">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Swiss_referendums" title="1938 Swiss referendums">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Swiss_referendums" title="1939 Swiss referendums">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Swiss_military_referendum" title="1940 Swiss military referendum">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Swiss_alcohol_referendum" title="1941 Swiss alcohol referendum">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Swiss_referendums" title="1942 Swiss referendums">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Swiss_unfair_competition_referendum" title="1944 Swiss unfair competition referendum">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Swiss_referendums" title="1945 Swiss referendums">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Swiss_referendums" title="1946 Swiss referendums">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Swiss_referendums" title="1947 Swiss referendums">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Swiss_sugar_industry_referendum" title="1948 Swiss sugar industry referendum">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Swiss_referendums" title="1949 Swiss referendums">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Swiss_referendums" title="1950 Swiss referendums">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Swiss_referendums" title="1951 Swiss referendums">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Swiss_referendums" title="1952 Swiss referendums">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Swiss_referendums" title="1953 Swiss referendums">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Swiss_referendums" title="1954 Swiss referendums">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Swiss_tenant_and_consumer_protection_referendum" title="1955 Swiss tenant and consumer protection referendum">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Swiss_referendums" title="1956 Swiss referendums">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Swiss_referendums" title="1957 Swiss referendums">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Swiss_referendums" title="1958 Swiss referendums">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Swiss_referendums" title="1959 Swiss referendums">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Swiss_referendums" title="1960 Swiss referendums">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Swiss_referendums" title="1961 Swiss referendums">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Swiss_referendums" title="1962 Swiss referendums">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Swiss_referendums" title="1963 Swiss referendums">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Swiss_referendums" title="1964 Swiss referendums">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Swiss_referendums" title="1965 Swiss referendums">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Swiss_referendum" title="1966 Swiss referendum">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Swiss_real_estate_referendum" title="1967 Swiss real estate referendum">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Swiss_referendums" title="1968 Swiss referendums">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Swiss_referendums" title="1969 Swiss referendums">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Swiss_referendums" title="1970 Swiss referendums">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Swiss_referendums" title="1971 Swiss referendums">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Swiss_referendums" title="1972 Swiss referendums">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Swiss_referendums" title="1973 Swiss referendums">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Swiss_referendums" title="1974 Swiss referendums">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Swiss_referendums" title="1975 Swiss referendums">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Swiss_referendums" title="1976 Swiss referendums">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Swiss_referendums" title="1977 Swiss referendums">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Swiss_referendums" title="1978 Swiss referendums">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Swiss_referendums" title="1979 Swiss referendums">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Swiss_referendums" title="1980 Swiss referendums">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Swiss_referendums" title="1981 Swiss referendums">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Swiss_referendums" title="1982 Swiss referendums">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Swiss_referendums" title="1983 Swiss referendums">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Swiss_referendums" title="1984 Swiss referendums">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Swiss_referendums" title="1985 Swiss referendums">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Swiss_referendums" title="1986 Swiss referendums">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Swiss_referendums" title="1987 Swiss referendums">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Swiss_referendums" title="1988 Swiss referendums">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Swiss_referendums" title="1989 Swiss referendums">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Swiss_referendums" title="1990 Swiss referendums">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Swiss_referendums" title="1991 Swiss referendums">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Swiss_referendums" title="1992 Swiss referendums">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Swiss_referendums" title="1993 Swiss referendums">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Swiss_referendums" title="1994 Swiss referendums">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Swiss_referendums" title="1995 Swiss referendums">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Swiss_referendums" title="1996 Swiss referendums">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Swiss_referendums" title="1997 Swiss referendums">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Swiss_referendums" title="1998 Swiss referendums">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Swiss_referendums" title="1999 Swiss referendums">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Swiss_referendums" title="2000 Swiss referendums">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Swiss_referendums" title="2001 Swiss referendums">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Swiss_referendums" title="2002 Swiss referendums">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Swiss_referendums" title="2003 Swiss referendums">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Swiss_referendums" title="2004 Swiss referendums">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Swiss_referendums" title="2005 Swiss referendums">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Swiss_referendums" title="2006 Swiss referendums">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Swiss_referendums" title="2007 Swiss referendums">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Swiss_referendums" title="2008 Swiss referendums">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Swiss_referendums" title="2009 Swiss referendums">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Swiss_referendums" title="2010 Swiss referendums">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Swiss_gun_control_initiative" title="2011 Swiss gun control initiative">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Swiss_referendums" title="2012 Swiss referendums">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Swiss_referendums" title="2013 Swiss referendums">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Swiss_referendums" title="2014 Swiss referendums">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Swiss_referendums" title="2015 Swiss referendums">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Swiss_referendums" title="2016 Swiss referendums">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Swiss_referendums" title="2017 Swiss referendums">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Swiss_referendums" title="2018 Swiss referendums">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Swiss_referendums" title="2019 Swiss referendums">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Swiss_referendums" title="2020 Swiss referendums">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Swiss_referendums" title="2021 Swiss referendums">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Swiss_referendums" title="2022 Swiss referendums">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Swiss_referendums" title="2023 Swiss referendums">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Swiss_referendums" title="2024 Swiss referendums">2024</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_referendum" title="Mandatory referendum">Mandatory</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Optional_referendum" title="Optional referendum">Optional</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_popular_initiative" title="Federal popular initiative">Popular initiative</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federal_courts_of_Switzerland" title="Federal courts of Switzerland">Federal courts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Supreme_Court_of_Switzerland" title="Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland">Federal Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Criminal_Court_of_Switzerland" title="Federal Criminal Court of Switzerland">Federal Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Administrative_Court_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Administrative Court (Switzerland)">Federal Administrative Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Patent_Court_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Patent Court (Switzerland)">Federal Patent Court</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Switzerland" title="Foreign relations of Switzerland">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Switzerland–European Union relations">European Union</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Cantons</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_Ausserrhoden" title="Appenzell Ausserrhoden">Appenzell Ausserrhoden (AR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_Innerrhoden" title="Appenzell Innerrhoden">Appenzell Innerrhoden (AI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aargau" title="Aargau">Aargau (AG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basel-Landschaft" title="Basel-Landschaft">Basel-Landschaft (BL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basel-Stadt" title="Basel-Stadt">Basel-Stadt (BS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Bern" title="Canton of Bern">Bern (BE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Fribourg" title="Canton of Fribourg">Fribourg (FR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Geneva" title="Canton of Geneva">Geneva (GE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Glarus" title="Canton of Glarus">Glarus (GL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grisons" title="Grisons">Grisons (GR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Jura" title="Canton of Jura">Jura (JU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Lucerne" title="Canton of Lucerne">Lucerne (LU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Neuch%C3%A2tel" title="Canton of Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel (NE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nidwalden" title="Nidwalden">Nidwalden (NW)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obwalden" title="Obwalden">Obwalden (OW)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schaffhausen" title="Canton of Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen (SH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Schwyz" title="Canton of Schwyz">Schwyz (SZ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Solothurn" title="Canton of Solothurn">Solothurn (SO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_St._Gallen" title="Canton of St. Gallen">St. Gallen (SG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticino" title="Ticino">Ticino (TI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurgau" title="Thurgau">Thurgau (TG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Uri" title="Canton of Uri">Uri (UR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valais" title="Valais">Valais (VS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaud" title="Vaud">Vaud (VD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zug" title="Canton of Zug">Zug (ZG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Zurich" title="Canton of Zurich">Zurich (ZH)</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cantonal_legislatures_of_Switzerland" title="List of cantonal legislatures of Switzerland">Cantonal legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cantonal_executives_of_Switzerland" title="List of cantonal executives of Switzerland">Cantonal executives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landsgemeinde" title="Landsgemeinde">Landsgemeinde</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Switzerland" title="Municipalities of Switzerland">Municipalities</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Switzerland" title="List of municipalities of Switzerland">(Full list of Municipalities)</a> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Aargau" title="Municipalities of the canton of Aargau">Aargau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Appenzell_Innerrhoden#Political_subdivisions" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden">Appenzell Innerrhoden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden#Municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden">Appenzell Ausserrhoden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Basel-Landschaft" title="Municipalities of the canton of Basel-Landschaft">Basel-Landschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Basel-Stadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of the canton of 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title="Municipalities of the canton of Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Nidwalden" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of the canton of Nidwalden">Nidwalden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Obwalden" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of the canton of Obwalden">Obwalden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Schaffhausen" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of the canton of Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Schwyz" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of the canton of Schwyz">Schwyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Solothurn" title="Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn">Solothurn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_St._Gallen" title="Municipalities of the canton of St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Thurgau" title="Municipalities of the canton of Thurgau">Thurgau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Ticino" title="Municipalities of the canton of Ticino">Ticino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Uri" title="Municipalities of the canton of Uri">Uri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Valais" title="Municipalities of the canton of Valais">Valais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Vaud" title="Municipalities of the canton of Vaud">Vaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Zug" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of the canton of Zug">Zug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_canton_of_Zurich" title="Municipalities of the canton of Zurich">Zurich</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" 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