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(ITS) and external (ETS) transcribed spacers. Phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that the Hawaiian Psychotria are monophyletic and the result of a single introduction to the Hawaiian Islands. The results of phylogenetic analyses of ITS and ETS partitions alone give slightly different topologies among basal lineages of the Hawaiian clade; however, such differences are not well supported. Relationships in the section Straussia clade in particular are not well resolved because of few nucleotide changes on internal branches, suggesting extremely rapid radiation in the lineage. Parsimony and likelihood reconstructions of ancestral geographical distributions using the topologies inferred from both parsimony and likelihood analysis of combined data and using different combinations of models and branch lengths gave highly congruent results. However, for one internal node (corresponding to the majority of the \"greenwelliae\" clade), parsimony reconstructions were unable to distinguish between three possible island states, whereas likelihood reconstructions resulted in clear ordering of possible states, with the island of O`ahu slightly more probable than other islands under all but one model and branch length combination considered (the Jukes-Cantor-like model with branch lengths inferred under parsimony, under which conditions Maui Nui is more probable). A pattern of colonization from oldest to youngest islands was inferred from the phylogeny, using maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood. Additionally, a much higher incidence of intraisland versus interisland speciation was inferred.","publication_date":"2003,,","publication_name":"Systematic Biology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"47377691"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Reconstructing Ancestral Patterns of Colonization and Dispersal in the Hawaiian Understory Tree Genus Psychotria (Rubiaceae): A Comparison of Parsimony and Likelihood Approaches","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [25670827]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="14858955" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14858955/Genetic_structure_and_bio_climatic_modeling_support_allopatric_over_parapatric_speciation_along_a_latitudinal_gradient">Genetic structure and bio-climatic modeling support allopatric over parapatric speciation along a latitudinal gradient</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33830115" href="https://nsw.academia.edu/ChrisAllen">Chris Allen</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32820535" href="https://unsw.academia.edu/PeterWeston">Peter H Weston</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2012</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic structure and bio-climatic modeling support allopatric over parapatric speciation along a latitudinal gradient","attachmentId":42343729,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14858955/Genetic_structure_and_bio_climatic_modeling_support_allopatric_over_parapatric_speciation_along_a_latitudinal_gradient","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14858955/Genetic_structure_and_bio_climatic_modeling_support_allopatric_over_parapatric_speciation_along_a_latitudinal_gradient"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="125243938" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/125243938/Inter_and_intra_island_speciation_and_their_morphological_and_ecological_correlates_inAeonium_Crassulaceae_a_species_rich_Macaronesian_radiation">Inter- and intra-island speciation and their morphological and ecological correlates inAeonium(Crassulaceae), a species-rich Macaronesian radiation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43683962" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/PatriciadosSantos">Patrícia dos Santos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Annals of Botany</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background and AimsThe most species-rich and ecologically diverse plant radiation on the Canary Islands is the Aeonium alliance (Crassulaceae). In island radiations like this, speciation can take place either within islands or following dispersal between islands. Aiming at quantifying intra- and inter-island speciation events in the evolution of Aeonium, and exploring their consequences, we hypothesized that (1) intra-island diversification resulted in stronger ecological divergence of sister lineages, and that (2) taxa on islands with a longer history of habitation by Aeonium show stronger ecological differentiation and produce fewer natural hybrids.MethodsWe studied the biogeographical and ecological setting of diversification processes in Aeonium with a fully sampled and dated phylogeny inferred using a ddRADseq approach. Ancestral areas and biogeographical events were reconstructed in BioGeoBEARS. Eleven morphological characters and three habitat characteristics were taken into ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Inter- and intra-island speciation and their morphological and ecological correlates inAeonium(Crassulaceae), a species-rich Macaronesian radiation","attachmentId":119322380,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/125243938/Inter_and_intra_island_speciation_and_their_morphological_and_ecological_correlates_inAeonium_Crassulaceae_a_species_rich_Macaronesian_radiation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/125243938/Inter_and_intra_island_speciation_and_their_morphological_and_ecological_correlates_inAeonium_Crassulaceae_a_species_rich_Macaronesian_radiation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="11153986" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11153986/REGIONAL_DIFFERENCES_IN_RATES_OF_PLANT_SPECIATION_AND_MOLECULAR_EVOLUTION_A_COMPARISON_BETWEEN_EASTERN_ASIA_AND_EASTERN_NORTH_AMERICA">REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN RATES OF PLANT SPECIATION AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION: A COMPARISON BETWEEN EASTERN ASIA AND EASTERN NORTH AMERICA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="26929017" href="https://independent.academia.edu/junwen3">jun wen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Evolution, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN RATES OF PLANT SPECIATION AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION: A COMPARISON BETWEEN EASTERN ASIA AND EASTERN NORTH AMERICA","attachmentId":36800412,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11153986/REGIONAL_DIFFERENCES_IN_RATES_OF_PLANT_SPECIATION_AND_MOLECULAR_EVOLUTION_A_COMPARISON_BETWEEN_EASTERN_ASIA_AND_EASTERN_NORTH_AMERICA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11153986/REGIONAL_DIFFERENCES_IN_RATES_OF_PLANT_SPECIATION_AND_MOLECULAR_EVOLUTION_A_COMPARISON_BETWEEN_EASTERN_ASIA_AND_EASTERN_NORTH_AMERICA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="24927269" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24927269/A_comparative_analysis_of_island_floras_challenges_taxonomy_based_biogeographical_models_of_speciation">A comparative analysis of island floras challenges taxonomy-based biogeographical models of speciation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42468863" href="https://ucr.academia.edu/DiegoBogarin">Diego Bogarin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Evolution, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A comparative analysis of island floras challenges taxonomy-based biogeographical models of speciation","attachmentId":45256218,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24927269/A_comparative_analysis_of_island_floras_challenges_taxonomy_based_biogeographical_models_of_speciation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" 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class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2685556" href="https://uma-pt.academia.edu/MiguelSequeira">Miguel Sequeira</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Systematic …, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Multiple colonizations, in situ speciation, and volcanism-associated stepping-stone dispersals shaped the phylogeography of the Macaronesian red fescues (Festuca …","attachmentId":50775444,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2056326/Multiple_colonizations_in_situ_speciation_and_volcanism_associated_stepping_stone_dispersals_shaped_the_phylogeography_of_the_Macaronesian_red_fescues_Festuca_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/6892908/Allopatric_diversification_multiple_habitat_shifts_and_hybridization_in_the_evolution_of_Pericallis_Asteraceae_a_Macaronesian_endemic_genus">Allopatric diversification, multiple habitat shifts, and hybridization in the evolution of Pericallis (Asteraceae), a Macaronesian endemic genus</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2465808" href="https://bgbm.academia.edu/KatyJones">Katy Jones</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American journal of botany, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Allopatric diversification, multiple habitat shifts, and hybridization in the evolution of Pericallis (Asteraceae), a Macaronesian endemic 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data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/504894/Patterns_of_speciation_and_limits_to_phylogenetic_resolution">Patterns of speciation and limits to phylogenetic resolution</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39157015" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DonMelnick">Don Melnick</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="26328" href="https://nevada-reno.academia.edu/GuyHoelzer">Guy Hoelzer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 1994</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Patterns of speciation and limits to 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