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Unconscionable Bargain Research Papers - Academia.edu
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An empirical study on social norms and power imbalance in the fashion industry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The fashion industry is affected by an imbalance of power that goes beyond the outsourcing of part of the manufacture to developing countries. Said imbalance characterises the whole supply chain and hinders freedom of expression, freedom... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37884355" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The fashion industry is affected by an imbalance of power that goes beyond the outsourcing of part of the manufacture to developing countries. Said imbalance characterises the whole supply chain and hinders freedom of expression, freedom to conduct business and, hence, creativity and innovation. In order to understand fashion, IP lawyers and lawmakers need to take into account that the law is not the main device the regulating the relevant relationships. Indeed, fashion is a closed community, a family where complaining is rather frowned upon and where contracts do not reflect the actual relationships between the parties. In order to rebalance power, this article explores the possibility to treat good faith and inequality of bargaining power as unifying principles of contract law. However, in light of the evidence collected during a number of in-depth interviews with fashion stakeholders, it seems clear that social norms are the main source of regulation of relationships and, therefore, intervening at the level of the contracts may not be helpful. Competition law, in turn, may be of more help in rebalancing power; however, cases such as Coty v Parfümerie Akzente do not augur well. Moreover, competition law is useful when the relationship is over, but it is in all the stakeholders' interest to keep the relationship alive while fixing its imbalance. This study confirms recent findings that social norms do not only have a positive impact on fields with low IP-equilibrium and it sheds light on the broader consequences of the reliance on social norms and on its relationship to power imbalance. This work makes a twofold recommendation. First, IP lawyers should engage more with the unfamiliar field of social norms. Second, advocates of a reform of IP aimed at transforming the industry in an IP-intensive one should be mindful that the effort may prove useless, in light of the role of social norms, especially if<br />power is not distributed.<br />This research has been carried out with the generous support of the SLS Society of Legal Scholars.<br />Please cite as Guido Noto La Diega, ‘‘Can the law fix the problems of fashion? An empirical study on social norms and power imbalance in the fashion industry’ (2018) Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, jpy097, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy097" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy097</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37884355" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="02f86f706cf42ef75b93661dd1557efa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57891644,"asset_id":37884355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57891644/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="736533" href="https://strathclyde.academia.edu/GuidoNotoLaDiega">Guido Noto La Diega</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="736533" type="text/json">{"id":736533,"first_name":"Guido","last_name":"Noto La Diega","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"GuidoNotoLaDiega","display_name":"Guido Noto La Diega","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/GuidoNotoLaDiega?f_ri=810675","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/736533/251443/111612223/s65_guido.noto_la_diega.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37884355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37884355"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37884355, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37884355", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37884355]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37884355").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37884355").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37884355"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="550" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contracts">Contracts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="550" type="text/json">{"id":550,"name":"Contracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contracts?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="967" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property">Intellectual Property</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="967" type="text/json">{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2098" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law">Contract Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2098" type="text/json">{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14943" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Norms">Social Norms</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14943" type="text/json">{"id":14943,"name":"Social Norms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Norms?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37884355]'), work: {"id":37884355,"title":"Can the law fix the problems of fashion? An empirical study on social norms and power imbalance in the fashion industry","created_at":"2018-11-30T06:32:02.696-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37884355/Can_the_law_fix_the_problems_of_fashion_An_empirical_study_on_social_norms_and_power_imbalance_in_the_fashion_industry?f_ri=810675","dom_id":"work_37884355","summary":"The fashion industry is affected by an imbalance of power that goes beyond the outsourcing of part of the manufacture to developing countries. Said imbalance characterises the whole supply chain and hinders freedom of expression, freedom to conduct business and, hence, creativity and innovation. In order to understand fashion, IP lawyers and lawmakers need to take into account that the law is not the main device the regulating the relevant relationships. Indeed, fashion is a closed community, a family where complaining is rather frowned upon and where contracts do not reflect the actual relationships between the parties. In order to rebalance power, this article explores the possibility to treat good faith and inequality of bargaining power as unifying principles of contract law. However, in light of the evidence collected during a number of in-depth interviews with fashion stakeholders, it seems clear that social norms are the main source of regulation of relationships and, therefore, intervening at the level of the contracts may not be helpful. Competition law, in turn, may be of more help in rebalancing power; however, cases such as Coty v Parfümerie Akzente do not augur well. Moreover, competition law is useful when the relationship is over, but it is in all the stakeholders' interest to keep the relationship alive while fixing its imbalance. This study confirms recent findings that social norms do not only have a positive impact on fields with low IP-equilibrium and it sheds light on the broader consequences of the reliance on social norms and on its relationship to power imbalance. This work makes a twofold recommendation. First, IP lawyers should engage more with the unfamiliar field of social norms. Second, advocates of a reform of IP aimed at transforming the industry in an IP-intensive one should be mindful that the effort may prove useless, in light of the role of social norms, especially if\npower is not distributed.\nThis research has been carried out with the generous support of the SLS Society of Legal Scholars.\nPlease cite as Guido Noto La Diega, ‘‘Can the law fix the problems of fashion? An empirical study on social norms and power imbalance in the fashion industry’ (2018) Journal of Intellectual Property Law \u0026 Practice, jpy097, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpy097","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57891644,"asset_id":37884355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":736533,"first_name":"Guido","last_name":"Noto La Diega","domain_name":"strathclyde","page_name":"GuidoNotoLaDiega","display_name":"Guido Noto La Diega","profile_url":"https://strathclyde.academia.edu/GuidoNotoLaDiega?f_ri=810675","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/736533/251443/111612223/s65_guido.noto_la_diega.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":550,"name":"Contracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contracts?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":967,"name":"Intellectual Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intellectual_Property?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":14943,"name":"Social Norms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Norms?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":91070,"name":"Inequality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inequality?f_ri=810675"},{"id":136043,"name":"Good faith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Good_faith?f_ri=810675"},{"id":173813,"name":"Law of Contracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_of_Contracts?f_ri=810675"},{"id":638520,"name":"Fashion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fashion?f_ri=810675"},{"id":808859,"name":"Fashion Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fashion_Law?f_ri=810675"},{"id":810675,"name":"Unconscionable Bargain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unconscionable_Bargain?f_ri=810675"},{"id":825941,"name":"Fashion Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fashion_Industry?f_ri=810675"},{"id":1190618,"name":"Inequality of Bargaining Power","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inequality_of_Bargaining_Power?f_ri=810675"},{"id":1939710,"name":"Power Imbalances","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Imbalances?f_ri=810675"},{"id":2067313,"name":"Defence of Duress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Defence_of_Duress?f_ri=810675"},{"id":2454244,"name":"Law for the fashion and textile industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_for_the_fashion_and_textile_industry?f_ri=810675"},{"id":2846855,"name":"fashion lawyer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/fashion_lawyer?f_ri=810675"},{"id":3072938,"name":"fashion regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/fashion_regulation?f_ri=810675"},{"id":3072939,"name":"innovation norms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/innovation_norms?f_ri=810675"},{"id":3072940,"name":"negative space of intellectual property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/negative_space_of_intellectual_property?f_ri=810675"},{"id":3072941,"name":"non-conventional copyright","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/non-conventional_copyright?f_ri=810675"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44897992" data-work_id="44897992" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44897992/From_a_Gasp_to_a_Gamble_A_Proposed_Test_for_Unconscionability">From a Gasp to a Gamble: A Proposed Test for Unconscionability</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article takes a comparative approach to answering the question of what "unconscionability" means, as referenced in Section 2-302 of the US's Uniform Commercial Code. It describes the US courts' failure to develop a clear test for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44897992" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article takes a comparative approach to answering the question of what "unconscionability" means, as referenced in Section 2-302 of the US's Uniform Commercial Code. It describes the US courts' failure to develop a clear test for the doctrine, and the need for a clearer doctrine. It then introduces and explains the basi relevant Islamic legal concepts regarding invalid contracts, and proposes a test for unconscionability that brings together Islamic and American and illustrates this proposed test by applying it to typical cases.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44897992" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="284d768f19f50354f83684309068b66e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65416963,"asset_id":44897992,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65416963/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10484616" href="https://wisc.academia.edu/AsifaQuraishiLandes">Asifa Quraishi-Landes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10484616" type="text/json">{"id":10484616,"first_name":"Asifa","last_name":"Quraishi-Landes","domain_name":"wisc","page_name":"AsifaQuraishiLandes","display_name":"Asifa Quraishi-Landes","profile_url":"https://wisc.academia.edu/AsifaQuraishiLandes?f_ri=810675","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10484616/3180519/40417747/s65_asifa.quraishi-landes.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44897992 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44897992"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44897992, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44897992", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44897992 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44897992; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44897992"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44897992 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44897992"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44897992; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44897992]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44897992").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44897992").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44897992"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law">Islamic Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="540" type="text/json">{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="546" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law">Comparative Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="546" type="text/json">{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="550" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contracts">Contracts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="550" type="text/json">{"id":550,"name":"Contracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contracts?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2098" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law">Contract Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2098" type="text/json">{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44897992]'), work: {"id":44897992,"title":"From a Gasp to a Gamble: A Proposed Test for Unconscionability","created_at":"2021-01-13T10:18:38.747-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44897992/From_a_Gasp_to_a_Gamble_A_Proposed_Test_for_Unconscionability?f_ri=810675","dom_id":"work_44897992","summary":"This article takes a comparative approach to answering the question of what \"unconscionability\" means, as referenced in Section 2-302 of the US's Uniform Commercial Code. It describes the US courts' failure to develop a clear test for the doctrine, and the need for a clearer doctrine. It then introduces and explains the basi relevant Islamic legal concepts regarding invalid contracts, and proposes a test for unconscionability that brings together Islamic and American and illustrates this proposed test by applying it to typical cases.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65416963,"asset_id":44897992,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10484616,"first_name":"Asifa","last_name":"Quraishi-Landes","domain_name":"wisc","page_name":"AsifaQuraishiLandes","display_name":"Asifa Quraishi-Landes","profile_url":"https://wisc.academia.edu/AsifaQuraishiLandes?f_ri=810675","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10484616/3180519/40417747/s65_asifa.quraishi-landes.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":540,"name":"Islamic Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":546,"name":"Comparative Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":550,"name":"Contracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contracts?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false},{"id":66015,"name":"Shariah","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shariah?f_ri=810675"},{"id":426630,"name":"UCC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UCC?f_ri=810675"},{"id":810675,"name":"Unconscionable Bargain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unconscionable_Bargain?f_ri=810675"},{"id":2597549,"name":"unconscionability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/unconscionability?f_ri=810675"},{"id":3597272,"name":"unconscionable contracts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/unconscionable_contracts?f_ri=810675"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40925137" data-work_id="40925137" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40925137/Walking_the_Divide_A_Critical_Examination_of_the_Nature_of_Undue_Influence_and_Unconscionable_Dealing">Walking the Divide: A Critical Examination of the Nature of Undue Influence and Unconscionable Dealing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper affords a contextual, exploitation-based account of the doctrines of undue influence and unconscionable dealing in the law of contract. In contrast with the vast majority of literature on undue influence and unconscionable... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40925137" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper affords a contextual, exploitation-based account of the doctrines of undue influence and unconscionable dealing in the law of contract. In contrast with the vast majority of literature on undue influence and unconscionable dealing, this paper argues that substantive unfairness is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for establishing either doctrine. Rather, it is the stronger party’s exploitation of the weaker party’s position which is of importance when granting relief in equity. Notwithstanding the centrality of exploitation when making a finding of undue influence or unconscionable dealing, the law presently demarcates between the doctrines by reference to the contexts in which they operate. The conclusion is therefore that although conceptual coherence between both doctrines is welcome, any attempt at assimilation ought to be sensitive to the contexts which undue influence and unconscionable dealing currently regulate.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40925137" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b261cf1b05bce17751b52e2b9d3fc6ee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61213730,"asset_id":40925137,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61213730/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1OTQ1OCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="111421375" href="https://kcl.academia.edu/DanielCook">Daniel J Cook</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="111421375" type="text/json">{"id":111421375,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Cook","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"DanielCook","display_name":"Daniel J Cook","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/DanielCook?f_ri=810675","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/111421375/35729843/30875148/s65_daniel.cook.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40925137 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40925137"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40925137, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40925137", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40925137 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40925137; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40925137"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40925137 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40925137"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40925137; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40925137]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40925137").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40925137").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40925137"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i> <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a> </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="542" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence">Jurisprudence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="542" type="text/json">{"id":542,"name":"Jurisprudence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jurisprudence?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2098" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law">Contract Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2098" type="text/json">{"id":2098,"name":"Contract Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Law?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16823" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulnerability">Vulnerability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16823" type="text/json">{"id":16823,"name":"Vulnerability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulnerability?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38872" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploitation">Exploitation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38872" type="text/json">{"id":38872,"name":"Exploitation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploitation?f_ri=810675","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40925137]'), work: {"id":40925137,"title":"Walking the Divide: A Critical Examination of the Nature of Undue Influence and Unconscionable Dealing","created_at":"2019-11-14T03:23:57.140-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40925137/Walking_the_Divide_A_Critical_Examination_of_the_Nature_of_Undue_Influence_and_Unconscionable_Dealing?f_ri=810675","dom_id":"work_40925137","summary":"This paper affords a contextual, exploitation-based account of the doctrines of undue influence and unconscionable dealing in the law of contract. In contrast with the vast majority of literature on undue influence and unconscionable dealing, this paper argues that substantive unfairness is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for establishing either doctrine. Rather, it is the stronger party’s exploitation of the weaker party’s position which is of importance when granting relief in equity. Notwithstanding the centrality of exploitation when making a finding of undue influence or unconscionable dealing, the law presently demarcates between the doctrines by reference to the contexts in which they operate. The conclusion is therefore that although conceptual coherence between both doctrines is welcome, any attempt at assimilation ought to be sensitive to the contexts which undue influence and unconscionable dealing currently regulate. 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Contract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_of_Contract?f_ri=810675"},{"id":566575,"name":"Contract Remedies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contract_Remedies?f_ri=810675"},{"id":810675,"name":"Unconscionable Bargain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Unconscionable_Bargain?f_ri=810675"},{"id":1135331,"name":"Undue Influence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Undue_Influence?f_ri=810675"},{"id":2000249,"name":"Duress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Duress?f_ri=810675"},{"id":2522998,"name":"Vitiating Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vitiating_Factors?f_ri=810675"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 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